Questions before Midterm 1

What is the best known and most widely compressors used of all compressors?
Reciprocating compressors

What are the types of rotary compressors?

Sliding vane Liquid piston Helical lobe Straight lobe

Draw the family tree of the compressors?

Draw the ranges of the compressor types?

Compressors

Questions before Midterm

Draw the performance curve for compressors types?

What are the features of rotary compressors?

1. They impart Energy to the Gas being compressed by way of an input shaft moving Rotating Elements. 2. They perform Compression in an Intermittent Mode. 3. They do not use Inlet and Discharge Valves.

What is the meaning of 50% reaction?

When the Energy Transfer arranged to provide 50% of the Pressure Rise in the Rotating Row and the other 50% in the Stationary Row.

Illustrate the idea of the ejector?

The flow enters with a very high pressure to the nozzle which increases its velocity and decreases its pressure and then the energy decreases which make another fluid enters because of the suction pressure and mix together to reach the diffuser which the pressure increases and the velocity decreases.

Compare between axial and centrifugal compressors at the same flowrate?

Compressors

Questions before Midterm

In angle type compressors twostage which is vertical and which is horizontal? And why?
Larger first stage cylinder is placed vertically to: Minimize ring wear Minimize space requirements Smaller second stage cylinder is mounted horizontally.

3
What is meant by side stream compressors?
Means that a flow comes into the compressor directed into the flow stream to mix and be directed into the impeller eye using one of two methods. for large side streams: before impeller For small side streams: in return passage.

What is meant by?

Bottom dead center: when the piston reaches point 1, it has traveled to the lower end of its stroke. Top dead center: when the piston reaches point 3, it has traveled to the upper end of its stroke. Clearance volume: space results in a trapped volume.

What are the signs of surge?

Backflow Vibration Noise High inlet temperature

What is the meaning of MMscfd ?

Million standard cubic feet per day

What are the ways the compressor must be controlled in for constant speed drives? And which is most efficient?
1. Inlet-guide vanes 2. Throttling of suction pressure 3. Throttling of discharge pressure Inlet guide vanes way is most efficient

Compare between effect of valve inertia low and high sped?

Compressors

Questions before Midterm

Show the effect of inlet guide vanes on performance?

What are surge control ways?

For gas:
For gases that cant be wasted to atmosphere, the most common antisurge control is bypass control. The simplest form is used, consists of a blowoff valve, automatically controlled, to open and blow off excess capacity to the atmosphere if the processflow requirement is too low. More efficient methods with suction-control valves are sometimes used.

State the features of rotary compressors?

1. Lack of valves as used on reciprocating compressors. 2. Lighter in weight than reciprocating compressors. 3. Doesnt exhibit the shaking force of the reciprocating compressors. 4. Foundation requirements less rigorous. 5. Simple in construction.

For air:

Show the relation between optimum tip speed and pressure ratio for rotary compressors?

Compressors

Questions before Midterm

What are the advantages of the flooded compressors than the dry?
1. Less complex 2. Oil acting as a seal to the internal clearances 3. Higher volumetric efficiency and overall efficiency 4. Higher efficiency at lower speeds 5. Quit operation 6. Higher pressure ratios

Show the power demand for flooded screw compressors using slide valve and suction throttling graph? And which is the best?

What are the factors to consider when selecting the lubricant?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Oxidation Condensation Viscosity Out-gassing in the inlet Foaming Separation performance Chemical reaction

Ideal, then capacity, then throttling

What are the minimum and maximum points to make the compressor work in?

Why hollow rotors are preferred in dry compressor types?

Some dry compressors are furnished with hollow rotors through which cooling fluid is circulated. .

pressure Q 1. . pressure Q 2. . pressure Q 3. . pressure Q 4. .

Compressors