Ch.

6 Reading Outline: An Age of Empires: Rome and Han China Questions Notes

Rome Creation: - Why was Romes location so important for its growth? - How did the environment and natural resources affect Romes growth? - How could Rome sustain a larger pop. than Greece?

A Republic of Farmers: - How was Rome founded? - Why is the makeup of the citizens of Rome unique? - Role of Agriculture? - Role of the council of Elders? Roman Republic: - Why was the Roman Republic not a true democracy?

Roman Senate: - How did they poses and keep power? Roman Society: - Explain Paterfamilias - Role of Patrons, what did they give and receive? - How were women treated in Rome? Compare to Greek women. - view of natural world

1. What are some early connections between the Romans and Greeks that can be made? Why is this important for study? (these can be short answer questions on quizzes)

Expansion in Italy and the Mediterranean: - What caused Roman expansion? - How did Rome win newly conquered peoples over? - How successful was Rome in expanding into the interior of Europe? Why? - What were the setbacks of Roman handling of outlying regions?

The Failure of the Republic: - What were issues facing the Roman Republic that helped cause its decline? - Role of slaves? - How did the Senate begin to suffer? - How did the poor play a role?

Roman Principate: - What was it? - How did Octavian change the government? - How did Augustus begin to help reform the Roman bureaucracy?

An Urban Empire: - how was Rome an urban empire? - Problems with population?

- differences between living conditions of rich and poor? - life in cities and towns vs. country side - How was landownership changed during the Empire stage of Rome?

Pax Romana - Role of trade and manufacturing - Explain Romanization - What advantages came with Romanization? - why was the granting of citizenship so important?

1. Who was more successful, The Roman Republic or the Roman Empire? Why?

The Rise of Christianity Describe the relationship between the Romans and the Jews. - How did Jesus challenge traditional Jewish Beliefs? - Role of Paul in spread of Christianity - Why was Christianity so popular amongst lower classes? - How were they treated by Romans? Why? - How did Christianity help explain the Greco-Roman Era?

1. How do the tenets of Christianity compare to other major religions we have talked about?

Technology and Transformation: - How were Aqueducts so useful? - What were some of the technological accomplishments of Rome? - How did Rome defend the frontiers? - What was the key to Romes success?

Transformation: - What caused the thirdcentury crisis? - How did incursions by Germanic tribes leave a devastating impact on Rome? - How and why did Rome decline so fast? - Why was there a population shift?

Diocletian: - How did he attempt to solve Romes problems?

Constantine: - How did he feel about Christianity? - What were some other steps taken by Constantine to stabilize Rome? - Why were actions taken by Constantine seen as ending the Roman Empire?

1. What was the overall legacy of Rome? Why? The Origins of Imperial China: - How did Classical China begin?

Resources: - What struggles did China face with the land they controlled? - Role agricultural played in China?

Population: - Where did most of the population live? - How was the surplus population used in the Qin and Han dynasties?

Expansion: - How did the Han dynasty expand?

1. In the makeup and expansion of the Chinese dynasties what comparisons can be made with the Romans? Hierarchy, Obedience and Belief: - Role of Chinese families

Confucius: - Beliefs - Role of family - Role of women - Marriage - Divinity/Religion

1. How did the structure of Chinese society compare to that of Roman society? The First Chinese Empire: - Why was Shi Huangdi able to consolidate power and form the Qin dynasty? - How did they structure the role of government? - How did the Qin take power from the landed elite and give it to the government?

Growth of Qin - How did the Qin bring their empire together? - Role of the Great Wall - Why did the Qin fail?

Long Reign of the Han - How di Liu Bang and the Han re-organize Chinese society? - Changes to Confucianism?

Han capitals - How were the capitals set up?

Upper vs. Lower classes - how different were the lives of each

Son of Heaven - How was the emperor seen in Chinese society? - How did the family help establish this view? - Life of the emperor

Han Central Government - how did the Han government function? - Who were the gentry? - What role did they play? - Gentry view on Confucianism? - Role of civil servants?

1. Compare the role government played in Han society vs. Roman society 2. Daoism - What was it? -Impact on Han?

Technology - improvements to iron metallurgy - weapons - Roads

Trade: - role of silk How did the Silk Road trade work?

Decline of the Han - How did nomads and farmers tend to interact on the Han boundaries? -How were the Xiongnu different? - How did the Chinese defend against the nomads? - How did this cause decline? - Other reasons for decline?

Imperial Parallels -6 major parallels that existed

1. Which civilization was more successful? The Romans or the Han Dynasty? Back your response up with evidence.