Real Number Properties

Real Number Properties In mathematics, a real number is a value that represents a quantity along a continuous line. The real numbers include all the rational numbers, such as the integer 5 and the fraction 4/3, and all the irrational numbers such as 2 (1.41421356... the square root of two, an irrational algebraic number) and (3.14159265..., a transcendental number). Real numbers can be thought of as points on an infinitely long line called the number line or real line, where the points corresponding to integers are equally spaced. Any real number can be determined by a possibly infinite decimal representation such as that of 8.632, where each consecutive digit is measured in units one tenth the size of the previous one. The real line can be thought of as a part of the complex plane, and correspondingly, complex numbers include real numbers as a special case.

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The series of Real Numbers include the numbers which can be both rational and Irrational Numbers. These numbers are called real numbers as they are not imaginary. Let us look at the properties of real numbers one by one: First we look at the closure property of real numbers, according to which we say that if we have two real numbers say a and b, then we say that the sum of two real numbers is also a real number. It means that the closure property holds true for the addition of real numbers. Similarly, if we take the two real numbers a and b, then the difference of two real numbers is also a real number. It means that the closure property holds true for the subtraction of the real numbers. On the other hand, if we take the two real numbers a and b, then the multiplication of two real numbers is also a real number. It means that the closure property holds true for the product of the real numbers. Similarly, if we take the two real numbers a and b, then the division of two real numbers is also a real number. It means that the closure property holds true for the quotient of the real numbers. Further looking at the properties of real numbers, we say that the associative and the Commutative Property of the addition and multiplication of real numbers holds true. But these two properties do not hold true for the subtraction and division of the real numbers. It means if we have the real numbers a, b and c, then by commutative property of real numbers, we have :

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(a + b) = (b + a) and a * b = b * a But a b < > b a and a/ b < > b / a These descriptions of the real numbers are not sufficiently rigorous by the modern standards of pure mathematics. The discovery of a suitably rigorous definition of the real numbers indeed, the realization that a better definition was needed was one of the most important developments of 19th century mathematics.

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