GLENCOE - Gr. 10 Test Prep Workbook

TERRANOVA PREPARATION AND PRACTICE WORKBOOK
& Ten Days

to the
TerraNova
GRADE 10 / LEVEL 20
This booklet was written by The Princeton Review, the nations leader in test preparation. The Princeton Review helps millions of students every year prepare for standardized assessments of all kinds. Through its association with McGraw-Hill, The Princeton Review offers the best way to help students excel on the TerraNova.
The Princeton Review is not affiliated with Princeton University or Educational Testing Service.
Grateful acknowledgment is given authors and publishers for permission to reprint the following copyrighted material. Every effort has been made to determine copyright owners. In case of any omissions, the Publisher will be pleased to make suitable acknowledgments in future editions. Clara Barton Researcher: Rachel Sahlman, Artist: Dick Strandberg. Reprinted by permission of Spectrum Home & School Magazine, www.incwell.com. Excerpt from Nesting in the Clouds reprinted by permission of the History Channel, www.historychannel.com. Excerpts from interview with Linus Pauling, Ph.D, reprinted by permission of the American Academy of Achievement from The Hall of Science & Exploration, www.achievement.org.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.Permission is granted to reproduce material contained herein on the condition that such material be reproduced only for classroom use; and be provided to students, teachers, and families without charge; and be used solely in conjunction with Glencoe Literature. Any other reproduction, for use or sale, is prohibited without written permission of the publisher. Send all inquiries to: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 936 Eastwind Drive Westerville, OH 43081 ISBN 0-07-820586-7 Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 024 03 02 01 00 99
Table of Contents
An Overview of the TerraNova Process of Elimination
4 5
Preparation and Practice

Spelling Language Mechanics Vocabulary Reading and Language Arts 1 Reading and Language Arts 2 Reading and Language Arts 3
6 8 10 12 14 16
Ten Days to the TerraNova

Practice Test What Do I Need to Know About the TerraNova? Process of Elimination The Passages Reading Questions Writing Questions
19 44 45 47 51 58
Page 3
An Overview of the TerraNova

The TerraNova is a nationally administered standardized test. It is given to thousands of students across the country every year. This means the TerraNova is going to be different than the tests your teacher gives you. Your teachers tests are designed to review the material you have just learned in class. Your teacher most likely asks you detailed questions about books you have just read or lessons you have just learned. The TerraNova, on the other hand, is a more general test. It has to be since it is given to so many different people at once. Its goal is to test basic skills like reading comprehension, grammar, structure, spelling, vocabulary, and language mechanics. This workbook will help you prepare for the Reading/Language Arts section of the TerraNova test. We will review the different types of questions you may see on the TerraNova, and we will introduce techniques that will help you answer many of these questions. The workbook is divided into two sections: Preparation and Practice and Ten Days to the TerraNova. The Preparation and Practice section contains practice TerraNova-style questions. These questions will help you get comfortable with the style and substance of TerraNovas questions. The Ten Days to the TerraNova section contains a complete TerraNova practice test and techniques designed to help you succeed on the test. Working hard on both these sections will help you do your best when it comes time for you to take the actual exam.
Page 4
Process of Elimination
Process of elimination is one of the most effective techniques to use on any standardized test. For instance, take a look at the sample question below:
SAMPLE S1 In the story, which of the following did Maria say

was her favorite sport?
A B C D
History Baseball Homework Traveling
Even though you dont have a copy of the story that the question refers to, you can answer this question. How? By using process of elimination. The question asks, Which of the following did Maria say was her favorite sport? Is choice (A), History, a sport? No, of course it is not. So it cannot possibly be the correct answer. Could choice (B), Baseball, be Marias favorite sport? That could work. You should hold on to it for now. What about choice (C), Homework? Could that be Maria favorite sport? Again, homework isnt a sport and, in fact, neither is choice (D), Traveling. So the only possibility is choice (B), Baseball. It must be the correct answer. Even though you havent read the story, you were able to answer the question. Thats the power of process of elimination. However, process of elimination may not work this well with every question. Sometimes you may only be able to eliminate one or two answer choices, but it is still one of the best ways to eliminate careless mistakes and to improve your chance of guessing correctly.
Using Your Scratch Paper

Process of elimination is a powerful technique on any multiple-choice test, but it only works well if you keep track of the answers you know are wrong. Since you wont be able to write in your test book, you should use whatever scratch paper you are given. Keeping your scratch paper neat and organized is a key to success on the TerraNova. Lets take a look at how you could have written out the question we just worked through on your scratch paper.
Label question numbers. Cross off choices you know are wrong. Circle the correct answer.
S1
A B C D
Page 5
Spelling
Samples S1 On our last vacation, we traveled
across the ______. A equater B equatore C equator D equatur
S2
F G H J K
unparalleled performance nomadic conquerer unexplained procrastination stereotyped actor All correct
D irections
1
A B C D
Choose the word that best completes the sentences and is spelled correctly for Questions 18. The president of the booster club is very _____. influential influencial influentule influnentiale
The postal carrier delivers a _____ amount of mail.

A B C D
substantial substantiel substantile substancial
Since overcoming incredible difficulties, she felt _____.

F G H J
My brother often makes _____ remarks.

F G H J
Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
invincibal invincable invinceble invincible
faseetious fasetous facetious facitious
During the outage, hot water was a _____.

A B C D
The cabin is not _____ from the road.

A B C D
scarcitey scarsitey scarsity scarcity
acessible accessible accesible acesible
My dog is a very _____ eater.

F G H J
finickee finickey finicky finiky
My mother said that movie is _____ for me. F inappropriate

G H J
inapropriate inapropraite inappropaite

SPELLING
Page 6
P R E PA R AT I O N A N D P R A C T I C E G R A D E 1 0
D irections
9
A B C D E
Read the phrases numbered 918. Find the phrase that is NOT spelled correctly. If all the phrases are spelled correctly, then choose the answer All correct. illogical hypothesis envious person vacillating opinion profoundly deep All correct catostrophic event relaxation exercises frivolous management unequaled victory All correct indigenous trees traveling circus unseemly behavior verifiable evidence All correct emotionally charged bereft of senses exagerated truth dignified response All correct wholesome food truculent criticism untimely demise concientous observer All correct
14
F G H J K
diseminate information corroborating stories conduct unbecoming inaccurate referral All correct a certified representative willful vandalism marked enthusiasm general lethergy All correct susceptible to illness pessimisstic view disguised appearance familial obligations All correct acceptable tollerance streetwise rookie unmentionable subject seldom late All correct appeasing hunger philosophical courses excessive weight physical irritability All correct
10
F G H J K
15
A B C D E
11
A B C D E
16
F G H J K
12
F G H J K
17
A B C D E
13
A B C D E
18
F G H J K
STOP
SPELLING P R E PA R AT I O N A N D P R A C T I C E G R A D E 1 0
Page 7
Language Mechanics
Samples S1 James and Marino met at summer
camp they have been writing each other ever since.
S2
G H J
A B C D
Camp. They camp, they camp. They Correct as is
Licorice, snow caps, and gum drops are among my favorite sweets. Cavities, and gum disease are caused by too many sweets. Carrots, celery, broccoli will be my new staples. Which do you prefer, the spaghetti, or the meatballs?
D irections
1
A B C D
Look at the underlined part in Questions 14. The sentences may have an error in capitalization or punctuation. Correct those errors. Mt. Ranier, a dormant volcano, became a national park in 1899. Ranier a Ranier; a Ranier: a Correct as it is
Do you know how to water-ski Peter?

A B C D
water-ski, Peter? water-ski; Peter? water-ski: Peter? Correct as it is

Bohemia is the Czech Republics most urbanized and industrialized area said Louis.
F G H J
Marion asked, do you have a date for the school dance?

F G H J
asked do asked, Do asked Do Correct as it is
area said, area, Said area, said Correct as it is
D irections
5
A B C D
Look at Questions 58. Choose the sentence that does NOT have an error in capitalization or punctuation. Mango, unlike papaya, is a very tasty fruit. Nectarines are like peaches, without fuzz. Tangerines, are actually mandarins. Is there a difference in taste, between a red grape and a white grape?
F G H J
Gary said, It is my opinion that we should have a party. I agree, Justin replied, that sounds like fun. Who should we invite Carmen asked? Marcello replied, Everyone, of course!
LANGUAGE MECHANICS
Page 8
Despite her excellent record, Veronica came in fourth at the state meet. I wonder, if she will be able to make a comeback. Because I am so tall. The coach asked me to jump the hurdles. Our cross-country team, was ranked number one, in the state.
What types of music do you like; classical, jazz, or modern Pierre inquired? Daniella plays the violin with amazing ease. Mr. Infuente said. Mandy asked, Are you ready for the concert? I answered, Ready as Ill ever be!
B C D
H J
D irections
(9) (10) (11) (12)
Look at the underlined and numbered sections that correspond to parts in Questions 912. The underlined portions may have an error in capitalization or punctuation. Choose the answer that best corrects those errors. Jim a professional photographer was telling his son about his trip to the sawtooth mountians. Jim told his son that there were wolves mountain lions and rattlesnakes that lived there. The wolves had been reintroduced to the area; they were beginning to repopulate.
A B C D
Jim, a professional photographer was telling Jim a professional photographer, was telling Jim, a professional photographer, was telling Correct as it is trip to the Sawtooth mountains trip to the Sawtooth Mountains trip to the sawtooth mountains Correct as it is
11
A B C D
wolves, mountain, lions, and rattle, snakes wolves, mountain lions, and rattlesnakes wolves; mountain lions; and rattlesnakes Correct as it is the area, they were the area: they were the area they were Correct as it is
10
F G H J
12
F G H J
STOP
LANGUAGE MECHANICS P R E PA R AT I O N A N D P R A C T I C E G R A D E 1 0
Page 9
Vocabulary
Samples S1 She was such a perfectionist that
she made a point to ____ each syllable. He was so distressed that he was unable to form a(n) _____ thought.
A B C D
S2
stunningly beautiful F expansive

G H J
homely pleasing identical
pronounced audible answer articulate
D
1
irections
There are two sentences included in Questions 14. Choose the word that best completes both sentences. I take ____ with your lack of respect for her. During times of crisis, the Red Cross will _____ food and shelter to people in need.
A B C D
Despite the fluctuation, prices are back to their _____ level.

Having money can ____ a lot to some people.

A B C D
mean average alleviate original
offense assist issue provide
Having no power, he was merely a _____ in the grand scheme of things. In order to pay his debts, he was forced to _____ his gold watch.
F G H J
The mayor was concerned about crime, so he began a program to _____ the community. It was agreed that getting health insurance from your job is an important _____. F motivate
G H J
pawn figurehead vend hawk
quell benefit perk
Page 10
VOCABULARY
D
5
irections
Choose the word that is most closely the OPPOSITE of the underlined word for Questions 58. since usurped
A B C D
general camaraderie
A B C D
scammed seized created pleaded
spite feud companionship friendship
extremely odious
F G H J
occasionally immaterial
F G H J
repulsive obnoxious neutral delightful
notorious translucent fabulous important
D
irections
Read the paragraph below. For each numbered space, choose the word from the answer choices that best completes that sentence.
Though he spent most of his adult life as a practicing physician, William Carlos Williams became one of the most important modern American poets of our time. Because he was able (9) to out the important details about American life, Williams was known as a(n) (10) (11) observer of his times. In his verse he perfected a(n) writing style that clearly reflected ordinary things seen and heard. Williams tried to style a common language (12) by looking to American literary and political revolutions for .
A B C D
parse conjecture alleviate sign obtuse generic discerning ordinary
11
A B C D
lucid opaque varied contemplative countenance inspiration ambition locomotion
10
F G H J
12
F G H J
STOP
VOCABULARY P R E PA R AT I O N A N D P R A C T I C E G R A D E 1 0
Page 11
Reading and Language Arts 1

D irections
Below is an essay about the Taj Mahal. Read the essay, and then answer Questions 15. and untranquil. Although a symbol of endurance, the Taj is also a miracle of adaptability, changing color according to the weather or the time of day. We arrived late in morning, in perfect sunshine, and the massive dome looked as shiny and white as if just cleaned. It was Friday, and we were happy to discover that admission was free that day. Like glimpsing an elephants ear, you get your first peak of the great white Taj by looking through the entrance archway in the red sandstone forecourt. Its a thrilling, disorienting feeling, as if your eyes cant tell whether theyre seeing the real thing or just another picture. After passing through the entrance, one can look out past the long reflecting pool and spacious gardens where the Taj resembles a palace more than a place of mourning. Waterways divide the gardens into four quadrants, meant to symbolize the four rivers of Paradise. A marble tank in the middle stands for Al-Kawthar, the source of all four rivers. The mausoleum itself is centered between a red sandstone mosque and a replica of that mosque. Like a monarch raised above a procession, the Taj rests on a square marble plinth, some 200 feet high, with minarets more than 100 feet high rising from the four corners. Again, everything is in geometrical symmetry. The To reach the grounds of the monumental Taj Mahal, you dont need to climb a mountain or a hill or even a large rock. Instead, you approach the Taj at ground level, giving you a sweet, brief illusion that youre equal to this most wondrous of man-made wonders. Commissioned in the seventeenth century by the Mogul Emperor Shah Jahan, intended as a private memorial to his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal, the Taj has evolved into a famously public tribute. But a tribute to what? Like the Eiffel Tower or the Leaning Tower of Pisa, it seems to stand primarily for itself, famous more for its notoriety than for what inspired its creation. In the same spirit, there seems no reason to see the Taj except for the sake of seeing it. Its unavoidable, like a family patriarch to whom you must pay respects. But the allure of the Taj is just how shocking it is; no essay or photograph can account for the sheer sensual experience of being there. Greatness was in the very design. The Taj, completed in 1653, took more than 20 years to build and required some 20,000 workers. The project was international with building material from many sources: marble from the neighboring state of Rajasthan; precious stones such as jade, coral, and turquoise carried in from Russia, Afghanistan, China, and elsewhere. But even from within India, getting to the Taj feels more like a journey than a day trip. India, as a first-time visitor soon discovers, is a country of extremesrich and poor, noise and tranquillity, passion and detachment. And the road to the uncommonly beautiful, tranquil Taj can be uncommonly unbeautiful
Page 12
READING AND LANGUAGE ARTS 1
main dome is complemented by smaller domes, the central archway flanked by smaller archways. A common expression about the Taj is that it was built by Titans, finished by jewelers. Once one takes in the grand, titanic picture of the Taj, it is best to come up close for the fine details. Carved vases of flowers, symbols of heavenly bounty, rise from the marble terrace, and the archways are inlaid with floral and calligraphic designs. The Shah died in 1666 and was buried beside his wife. Their ornate tombs, known as cenotaphs, lay in the center of the mausoleums octagonal interior and extend north to south, so the heads can face Mecca. The actual remains are in crypts below, scented by incense and rose petals. A marble screen, more than six feet high and decorated with precious stones, encloses the burial area.
What was the authors purpose for saying, built by Titans, finished by jewelers?
A
The Taj Mahal was sloppily built but covered with expensive jewels. Despite the fact that the Taj Mahal is very large, it is adorned with intricate details. The Titans provided the basic material needed to build the Taj Mahal, but it was finished by the addition of the crown jewels. The Taj Mahal required 20,000 workers and jewelers to complete it.
1
Which is a FACT in this passage?

A B C D
The passage provides evidence that the Taj Mahal has

F G H J
The Taj Mahal is a disorienting place. The Taj Mahal was built by the Chinese. The Taj Mahal rests on a square plinth. The Taj Mahal is always a tranquil place.
been used as a royal palace recently been renovated never been important withstood the test of time
The best way to answer question 4 is to

A B C D
The selection is mostly about

F G H J
reread the first and last lines create a time line for yourself skim the passage for clues summarize the main idea of the passage
the authors first impression of the Taj Mahal the building of the Taj Mahal the political climate of India architecture from around the world
STOP
READING AND LANGUAGE ARTS 1 P R E PA R AT I O N A N D P R A C T I C E G R A D E 1 0
Page 13

D irections
Read the passage below about Madeleine Albright. Some of the words have been removed. Choose the words that best fill the numbered spaces for Questions 16.
Madeleine Korbel Albright, sworn in as the 64th United States Secretary of State in 1997 after (1) unanimous by the U.S. Senate, became the first female Secretary of State and the highestranking woman in the United States government. As Secretary of State and as U.S. representative to the (2) United Nations before that, she has policies to help guide the world into a new century of peace and prosperity. Concentrating on a(n) (3) approach to U.S. foreign policy, she has attempted to create a consensus on the need for U.S. leadership and engagement in the world. Among her achievements are ratification of the Chemical (4) Weapons Convention and progress toward in Eastern and Central Europe. As a refugee whose family fled Czechoslovakia, first from the Nazis and later from the Communists, (5) Albright the highest ideals and aspirations of immigrants who come to America seeking to (6) make major to our society. As a leader in international relations, she has helped change the course of history and, in so doing, has also set a new standard for American women and for women around the world.
A B C D
confirmation disagreement authority vacillation disengaged contradicted formulated resented unyielding treacherous ambivalent bipartisan technology excavations stability detachment tolerates practices embellishes represents contributions distinctions disjunctions notations
F G H J
A B C D
F G H J
A B C D
F G H J
Page 14
D irections
Read the passage below about Atlanta. Some of the words have been removed. Choose the words that best fill the numbered spaces for Questions 78.
In the past twenty-five years, Atlantas urban (7) has doubled the amount of land used for housing and commercial development. Developers are clearing an average of fifty acres of tree-covered land per day. As the green canopy surrounding Atlanta recedes, temperatures are going up. The moisture in vegetation serves as a coolant. So, with fewer trees and more people, the city that looks deceptively cool and shady from the air (8) is up to ten degrees hotter than in areas.
A B C D
sprawl decline circle marketplace unfortunate surrounding progressive coincidental
F G H J
Choose the best combination of the two sentences below.
She first received her bachelors degree at Wellesley College. She then earned her masters and doctoral degrees at Columbia University.
A
After receiving her bachelors degree at Wellesley College, she earned her masters and doctoral degrees at Columbia University. She was receiving her bachelors degree at Wellesley College, and she was earning her masters and doctoral degrees at Columbia University. Receiving her bachelors degree at Wellesley College, she earned her masters and doctoral degrees at Columbia University. After receiving her bachelors degree at Wellesley College, but before earning her masters and doctoral degrees at Columbia University.
B C D
10
Choose the best combination of the two sentences below.
Atlanta is a quickly growing city. Average temperatures are increasing in Atlanta because of its rapid growth.
F G H J
Atlanta is quickly growing and average temperatures are increasing. Because Atlanta is growing so rapidly, its average temperatures are increasing. Atlanta is a quickly growing city and its average temperature is increasing because of the rapid growth. While Atlanta is a quickly growing city, because of the rapid growth, Atlantas average temperatures are increasing.
STOP
Page 15

D
1
irections
Read the passage below about African art. There are a number of errors in it. Answer Questions 13 about the best way to correct some of those errors.
Many people find looking at African art to be a puzzling experience. 2 Often they look at a mask such as this and wonder What should I know about this? or What should I be looking for? 3 The best and easiest place to begin is with your eyes and mind. 4 Use your eyes to look carefully at this mask. 5 Notice the smooth lines of the wood, examine the rough texture of the headdress, and considering the shapes that make up the face. 6 What else do you notice? 7 Use your mind. 8 Do you like or dislike the way it looks? 9 However, traditional African art is a powerful embodiment of much more than its appearance.
Which of the following is the best way to write Sentence 1?

A Many people find to look at African art to be a puzzling experience. B C D
Many people looking at African art to be a puzzling experience. Many people finding that looking at African art is a puzzling experience. Correct as is

F
Notice the smooth lines of the wood, examine the rough texture of the headdress, and consider the shapes that make up the face.
G Notice the smooth lines of the wood; examining the rough texture of the headdress; and considering the shapes that make up the face. H To notice the smooth lines of the wood, to examine the rough texture of the headdress, and to consider the shapes that make up the face. J
Correct as is
Where in the paragraph above would this sentence fit best: Considering whether or not you like the way something looks is an important part of exploring art.
A after Sentence 4 B C D
after Sentence 6 after Sentence 7 after Sentence 8

P R E PA R AT I O N A N D P R A C T I C E G R A D E 1 0 READING AND LANGUAGE ARTS 3
Page 16
D irections
1
Read the passage below about lipids. There are a number of errors in it. Answer Question 4 about the best way to correct some of the errors.
What are lipids? 2 Fats in the blood are called lipids. 3 Lipids join with protein in your blood to form lipoproteins. 4 Lipoproteins make energy for your body, so theyre important to the cells in your body. 5 What causes high levels of fat in the blood? 6 Most people develop high levels of fat in their blood, because they will eat too much highfat food. 7 Some people have high-fat levels because they have an inherited disorder.
4 Which of the following is the best way to write Sentence 6?

F G H J
Because they are eating too much high-fat food, most people had developed high levels of fat in their blood. Most people developing high levels of fat in their blood because they ate too much high-fat food. Most people develop high levels of fat in their blood because they eat too much highfat food. Correct as is
5 Which sentence best fills the blank below?

Herptiles are the group of animals that include reptiles and amphibians. Though they may look quite different, amphibians and reptiles are similar in many ways. _____________________________ One similarity is that they are both coldblooded animals. This means that their body temperature is about the same temperature as their environment.
A B C D
Another similarity is that they are both egg-laying animals. Scientists believe that this is true because reptiles evolved from amphibians. Amphibians are usually small animals that live in damp environments like swamps. Reptiles vary in size from very small to very large, and they have scaly skin.
6 Which sentence best fills the blank below?

________________________ Migrations take place. Plants flower or fruit, and courting, nesting, and new births take place. The changes that signal those seasons are familiar to each of us, but they are often different depending on where you live.
F G H J
When the seasons change, a lot of rain falls in March and April. The bulbs flower in the spring in Holland. All kinds of birds come through and land at bird feeders. The greatest changes in the natural world usually happen in spring and autumn.
STOP
READING AND LANGUAGE ARTS 3 P R E PA R AT I O N A N D P R A C T I C E G R A D E 1 0
Page 17
Ten Days to the TerraNova
Page 18
T E N D AY S T O T H E T E R R A N O VA G R A D E 1 0
Pursuing Your Dreams

Everyone dreams of what they want to do in the future. Dreams are important, because they are the first step in growing up and learning something new. Sometimes our dreams are attainable, and through hard work they come true. Other times, our dreams seem more evasive. Dreams are what we hope will happen and what we wish for ourselves. You will read a number of stories about people who pursued their dreams. There is the girl who wants to be a world-class figure skater, the boy who wants to grow up to be a doctor like his father, and the Nobel Prizewinning chemists story of how he came to be the scientist he is. These are stories of dreams that are just beginning, as well as dreams that have come true. Read them and when youre done, take a moment to think of your own dreams.
Go On
PRACTICE TEST T E N D AY S T O T H E T E R R A N O VA G R A D E 1 0
Page 19
kating On Solid Ice
irections
Everyone dreams of what they want to do in the future. Dreams are important, because they are the first step in growing and learning something new. Here are the stories of some people who pursued their dreams. Read the passage below, and then answer Questions 15.
Kimberly Miles is a young girl with a dream of becoming a world-class figure skater. She hopes that one day, with enough hard work and discipline, it might come true. At 6:30 every weekday morning, Kimberly is already dressed and ready to leave the house. While all her friends are asleep, she makes the journey to her local ice-skating rink to work with her coach, Anna Volpe. Sometimes Kimberly finds it hard to get up so early every day, especially when it is still cold and dark. But she knows that her dreams require this kind of dedication. Kimberly is practicing for the U.S. Championships later this year in Florida. The competition is stiff but she has worked hard. She believes she has a good chance to finish in one of the top spots. If she does, she will become one of a new generation of American figure skaters to compete at the international level. Kimberly began ice skating at the age of eight. At first, skating was simply some-
thing she did for fun on weekends, but soon Anna noticed that Kimberly had a great deal of natural talent and grace. Back then, Anna just had an inkling that someday Kimberly might become a great athlete. Anna told Kimberly and her mother that she would be interested in training Kimberly. Kimberly was so excited that she wanted to begin right away, but her mother wanted her to consider cautiously the commitment that would be required. Are you sure you want to do this, Kimberly? she asked. It will take a great deal of hard work over many years, and I want to make sure you are ready for it. Take a few days to think it over, and if you really want to do this, Ill do everything I can to help you. Today, almost nine years later, Kimberly still trains every morning with Anna before going to school. Her sessions are tiring. The process of learning more advanced skills is often time-consuming and frustrating. Sometimes when learning a new jump, Kimberly falls; occasionally she is injured. Over the years she has broken her
Page 20
KPRACTICE TEST
wrist and endured many painful cuts and bruises during practice. But as her coach always tells her, the winner is the one who keeps getting up. Now preparing to leave for Florida, Kimberly says that she is glad to have had this opportunity to pursue her dream, and believes that her time on the ice is well spent. Regardless of the outcome, I will continue to work hard at my sport, she notes. Its very important to have something you feel good about.
Kimberlys mother most likely wanted Kimberly to wait before accepting Annas offer because
A B
she was afraid that Kimberly would hurt herself on the ice she worried that Kimberly did not understand the effort required for such a commitment she did not want Kimberly to become an ice skater she thought that Anna was not the best coach for Kimberly
C D
The reaction of Kimberlys mother to the suggestion that Kimberly begin to train seriously can best be described as
A B C D
Which of the following is a fact from the passage?

F G
indifferent cautious ambivalent ecstatic
Kimberly has been ice skating for almost nine years. When skaters learn a new jump they are always frustrated at first. Kimberlys broken wrist has never fully healed. When you want something strongly enough, working toward it seems easy.
When Anna says that the winner is the one who keeps getting up, she means
F G H
skaters who fall are not penalized in competition no risk is too great when you want to be a winner you should not let unfortunate events stop you from doing what you want to do everyone can learn to be a world-class figure skater
When Kimberly says, Regardless of the outcome I will continue to work hard, she is discussing
A B C D
the U.S. Championships the Olympics an operation on her broken wrist her relationship with her coach
Go On
Page 21
irections
The following advertisement appeared in a local newspaper. Read the text below and use it to answer Questions 68.
Have you graduated from a program in translation or interpretation? Do you love to travel and live abroad? Do you speak French, German, or Arabic fluently? The U.S. State Department may want you to work at one of our European or African embassies to help with public relations, social events, and other unofficial communications. All necessary training will be provided; no security clearance is required.
What is the point of this advertisement?

F G H J
People who work in embassies should be fluent in a foreign language. French, German, and Arabic are the most popular languages in the world. There is a need for bilingual employees at certain U.S. embassies abroad. It is important to speak a second language to travel and live abroad.
To satisfy the requirements listed above, you would need to

A B C D
complete a 60-hour training course have a degree in translation or interpretation speak three languages fluently have been born in America
What kind of work might this person be asked to do?

F G H J
Translate a book of modern poetry Help shape foreign policy Act as a translator for an American diplomat Show foreign travelers American tourist attractions
Page 22
KPRACTICE TEST
irections
This is part of a presentation written by Sheldon Strong, age 15, about the day he decided he wanted to be a doctor. Select the words that best fit in the blanks in the text for Questions 911.
I remember the first day that I realized what an important job it is to be a doctor. My father and I were walking downtown when a man in the street greeted him: Doctor Strong! How are you? (9) My father him immediately as one of his patients. Very well, thank you, my father replied. This is my son, he added, (10) me. How nice to meet you, the man said to me. Do you know that your father saved my life? He gave me a new heart several years ago. And since then Im as healthy as ever.
A B C D
investigated corroborated recognized differentiated indicating establishing prohibiting picturing abhorrent ambivalent inane laudable
10
F G H J
11
A B C D
Since that day I have aspired to be a doctor just like my father. I can think of no profession (11) than that of a physician. more
12
Which is the best way to combine these sentences?
I wanted to go to the park on Sunday with my brother. I did all my homework on Saturday.
F G H J
Since I wanted to go to the park and do all my homework, I went with my brother on Sunday. Since I wanted to go to the park on Sunday with my brother, I did all my homework on Saturday. Since I did all my homework on Saturday, I wanted to go to the park on Sunday with my brother. Since I did all my homework with my brother on Saturday, I went to the park on Sunday.
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Page 23
irections
David has always dreamed of becoming an actor, and he wants to join his schools theater program. The following is a note he wrote to the director of the schools theater program. Help David by fixing his mistakes in Questions 1315.
Dear Ms. Smith, I have wanted to be an actor for a very long time. 2 When I was little, my mother used to read stories to me at bedtime. 3 When I was a little older, I acted in many school musicals and skits. 4 Rehearsing, performing were enjoyed by me, and the applause was music to my ears. 5 I have always want to try acting since then. 6 I may even want to be an actor when I grow up. 7 That would make my mother very proud. 8 So I hope that you will let me join the acting program.
1
13
Which is the best way to write Sentence 4?

A B C D
Rehearsing, performing were enjoyable to me, and the applause was music to my ears. I enjoyed rehearsing and performing, and the applause was music to my ears.
Music to my ears was the applause, rehearsing and performing. Best as it is
14

F G H J
I have always want to return to acting since then. Always have I wanted since then to return to acting. Since then I have always wanted to return to acting. Best as it is
15
Where does this sentence belong in the paragraph?
She was the one who first sparked my interest in theater.

A B C D
After sentence 2 After sentence 3 After sentence 6 After sentence 7
Page 24
KPRACTICE TEST
Linus Pauling
Excerpts from interview with Linos Pauling, PHD., from The Hall of Science & Exploration, www.achievement.org. Reprinted by permission of the American Academy of Achievement.
irections
The following is an interview with Linus Pauling, who pursued his lifelong dream to become a scientist. Pauling won the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1954 and the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962. Read the interview, and then answer Questions 1622. INTERVIEWER: As I understand it, your first interest in chemistry came when you were a young boy and a friend of yours got a chemistry set. PAULING: Well, I dont think chemistry sets existed at that time. This boy, Lloyd Alexander Jefress, just my age, thirteen, asked if I would like to see some chemical reactions. He had various chemicals that he had gotten perhaps at the drug store, and he carried out some reactions. And that interested me very much. INTERVIEWER: What thoughts went through your mind when you first got interested in chemistry? Did you have a sense then that this was a field you wanted to pursue, or were you just so intrigued by the relationships of various chemicals, that you just sort of followed that interest? PAULING: I dont know whether shortly after Lloyd Jefress showed me these experiments I decided that I would be a chemist. It may have been a year or two later. When I was fifteen, two years later, or perhaps it was sixteen, Lloyd Jefress and I were visiting my grandmother in Oswego, Oregon, and she said to me, What are you going to be when you grown up, Linie? And I said, I am going to be a chemical engineer.
INTERVIEWER: How did you first become interested in science? PAULING: When I was eleven years old, I became interested in insectsentomology. And for a year I read books about insects and collected specimens of butterflies and beetles in our valley in Oregon. When I was twelve, I became interested in rocks and minerals. I couldnt collect very many; where I lived wasnt a good source of minerals except agates, but I read a great deal about minerals. Then at thirteen I became interested in chemistry . . . in these remarkable phenomena in which one substance is converted into another substance, or two substances react to produce a third substance with quite different properties. Then when I was eighteen, in 1919, when I was teaching quantitative analysis full time at Oregon Agricultural College for one year between my sophomore and junior years, I read the papers of Irving Langmuir in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, and went back to G. N. Lewis 1916 paper. These papers dealing with the nature of the chemical bond, the role of electrons in holding atoms together interested me very much. That has been, essentially, the story of my life ever since.
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Page 25
Lloyd Jefress, who became a leading psychologist later on, said, No he isnt, he is going to be a professor. But I went on and got my bachelors degree in chemical engineering at Oregon Agricultural College because I didnt know that there were such people as professional chemists. They didnt have advisors about your choice of profession in schools at that time, and I knew about engineering. I knew about chemical engineering, so I thought that was the way I could earn my living and still be doing chemistry. INTERVIEWER: Who was a big influence on you as a young man? PAULING: Well, by the time I got to graduate school, there were people who had a great influence on me. One was Roscoe Gilkey Dickinson. He had got his doctorate in physical chemistry, x-ray crystallography, in 1920. He was the first person to get a Ph.D. from California Institute of Technology. And he was continuing with x-ray crystallography, determining the structure of inorganic crystals. A. A. Morris, the head of the division of chemistry and chemical engineering at California Institute of Technology, after I had accepted appointment as a graduate student, wrote to say that he had decided that I should work with Roscoe Dickinson on determining the structure of crystals. This was really extremely fortunate for me, in my opinion. I dont think that there was any field that was more suited to my interests, and I dont really know why Dr. Morris selected me out of eight or ten new graduate students to do x-ray crystallography. Dickinson had a remarkable mind. He was a very careful investigator and thinker. A very logical thinker. When he was teaching me x-ray crystallography, he also taught me to ask at each stage in the argument: What assumptions are being
made? How reliable is the conclusion that you draw? What chance is there that one of the assumptions you have made is not correct? You should recognize, he said to me, that there is in almost every investigation a lack of complete rigor. You should understand just how reliable the arguments are that you are presenting. INTERVIEWER: What experience or event had a major impact on you? PAULING: I think that meeting the young woman whom I married a year and a half later was the event that had the greatest effect on my life. She, I can see in retrospect, felt that her duty was to see to it that her husband lived as good a life as possible. And in particular, that she would handle the problems and stresses associated with family, leaving me free to devote all of my time and effort to working on the problems that I wanted to work on, the scientific problems. INTERVIEWER: And having that concentration was a great advantage in your work, no doubt. PAULING: Yes, Im sure. Ive been asked from time to time, How does it happen that you have made so many discoveries? Are you smarter than other scientists? And my answer has been that I am sure that I am not smarter than others. I dont have any precise evaluation of my IQ, but to the extent that psychologists have said that my IQ is about 160, I recognize that there are one hundred thousand or more people in the United States that have IQs higher than that. So I have said that I think I think harder, think more than other people do, than other scientists. For years, almost all of my thinking was about science and scientific problems that I was interested in. So I owe much of this to my wife.
Page 26
KPRACTICE TEST
16
Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
F G H J
Paulings Work with X-ray Crystallography The Influence of Lloyd Jefress in Linus Paulings Life What It Was Like to Grow Up in Oregon How Linus Pauling Came to Be a Scientist
17
When Linus Pauling says, I think I think harder than other scientists, he is talking about
A B C D
his extraordinary intelligence a special scientific method that no other scientists use a thorough scientific education at a young age the amount of time and energy he spends working
18
Linus Pauling was impressed by Roscoe Dickinson because Dickinson

F G H J
taught Pauling how to think logically was a student of A. A. Morris had a doctorate in physical chemistry was very fond of Linus Pauling
19
What is the best way to combine these sentences?
Linus Pauling originally intended to be a chemical engineer. Linus Pauling later became a chemist.
A B C D
Linus Pauling became a chemist later, intending to be a chemical engineer. Linus Pauling, a chemist, intends to become a chemical engineer. Though Linus Pauling originally intended to become a chemical engineer, he later became a chemist. Linus Pauling, intending to be a chemical engineer later, was a chemist.
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20
Which of the following questions could you answer from the information in this interview?
F G H J
On what day was Linus Pauling born? What did Lloyd Jefress do to receive the Nobel Prize? How did Linus Pauling meet his wife? In what year did Roscoe Dickinson get his doctorate?
21
What technique is most effective to find the answer to Question 20?

A B C D
Reading just the first and last lines Skimming the passage looking for clues Drawing a time line Rewriting in your own words the main point of the interview
22
Which sentence would best fill the blank below?
Linus Pauling is one of the few people to have received two Nobel Prizes. He received his first prize in 1954 for his work in chemistry. For this work, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962.
F G H J
Later in life he became a strong advocate for nuclear disarmament. Still, he had always wanted to become a chemical engineer. He has received many accolades and awards throughout his career. However, he was never quite satisfied with just one prize.
23
Where would you probably be able to find the following lines?
A breakthrough in genetics was made in the late 1800s by an Austrian monk named Gregor Mendel. Mendels work on peas led to the idea that certain traits are inherited in a predictable fashion from one generation to the next.
A B C D
A gardening handbook A history of modern science A family tree A thesaurus
Page 28
KPRACTICE TEST
irections
The following is a paragraph about the work of scientists. Help the writer fix the mistakes by answering Questions 24 and 25.
What is a scientist? 2 A scientist is someone who attempts to explain why something happens the way it does. 3 Scientists take a fact about something and make theories about why it behaved a certain way. 4 If a theory is proven false, then scientists try to come up with a better theory. 5 Nobody knows who the first scientists were. 6 If you study the history of science, you may conclude it will begin with the ancient Greeks. 7 However, it may even have started long before that.
1
24
Which sentence would best follow Sentence 3?

F G H J
Scientists always think logically. Testing a theory is the only way to establish whether it is true or false. If you want to be a scientist, you need to go to college. Science can be a lot of fun and many scientists love their work.
25

A B C D
If you studied the history of science, you may conclude that it was with the ancient Greeks that it begins. Studying the history of science, you may conclude it has begun with the ancient Greeks. If you study the history of science, you may conclude that it began with the ancient Greeks. Best as it is
26
Which of the following is the best way to combine these sentences?
Architects design buildings. Architects study structural engineering to design them properly.
F G H J
Architects design buildings to study structural engineering properly. Architects design buildings and architects study structural engineering to design buildings. Architects study structural engineering and also design buildings properly. Architects study structural engineering to properly design buildings.
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27
Which of the following is the best introductory sentence for the following paragraph? Computers have become extremely popular, both at home and in the office, increasing the need for programmers. The job is just as much an art as it is a science: a programmer needs to figure out what the needs of the users are before writing a single line of computer code.
A B C D
Over the last 10 years, more and more people have become computer programmers. Many of my friends want to be computer programmers when they grow up. To become a computer programmer, you need many years of technical training. Computers are one of the most important inventions of the last 100 years.
28
Which word or phrase best fits in the blank? Some people think that computers will take over the world someday, but I dont think so. Computers will always need to be programmed by people. People also will need to oversee and manage how computers are used. , people will always be able to control computers.
F G H J
In this case Therefore Even still And yet
29
Which of these sentences is correctly written?

A B C D
Its a great honor for a scientist to win a Nobel Prize. The Nobel Prize having been named after the scientist and businessman Alfred Nobel. The Nobel Prize is given by a committee whos decision is made in secret. Nobody knows its decision until the day of the announcement.
Page 30
KPRACTICE TEST
Overcoming Lifes Obstacles

Have you ever been faced with a difficult decision? Have you ever been in a situation where every option seemed unattractive? Life often presents us with challenges. Solitude, loss, and disappointments can make us feel uncertain about ourselves. These hard times, however, also allow us to reflect on what is important and what we truly value. You will read stories about some people who have faced difficult situations, and how they have overcome lifes obstacles and turned them into positive experiences.
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Page 31
Clara Barton
Directions
Clarissa Harlowe Barton was born December 25, 1821, in North Oxford, Massachusetts. Her father, Captain Stephen Barton, was a farmer, horsebreeder, and respected member of the community. Her mother, Sarah, managed the household and taught Barton the importance of cleanliness. Barton was the youngest of five children, and her two brothers and two sisters assumed much of the responsibility for her education. Her sister Dorothy taught her spelling, Stephen taught her arithmetic, Sally taught her geography, and David coached her in athletics. With their help, Barton received a vast and diverse education. By the time she started school at age four, Barton could already spell three-syllable words. She found school to be quite easy and studied subjects such as philosophy, chemistry, and Latin. Bartons only handicap was her extreme shyness. At 17 Barton became a teacher in Massachusetts District 9, located in Worcester County. During the next six years, she taught in several schools, before establishing her own school in North Oxford. At the age of 29, after teaching for more than 10 years, Barton yearned for a change. As a result, she entered the Liberal Institute in Clinton, New York, an advanced school for female teachers. Among her
Clara Barton was a great American humanitarian. She is most famous for having organized the American Red Cross. Read the passage below to learn more about Clara Barton, and then answer Questions 3039.
other studies, Barton worked on her writing and took private classes in French. After a year in Clinton, Barton accepted a teaching position in New Jersey. She subsequently opened a free school in Bordentown, and the schools attendance grew to more than 600 students. When the school board refused to offer Barton the high-paying position to head the school and hired a man instead, she found herself at a crossroads. Following a period of physical and emotional exhaustion, Barton moved to Washington, DC, where she worked as a clerk in the U.S. Patent Office. At the outbreak of the Civil War, Barton resigned from the Patent Office to work as a volunteer. She advertised for supplies and distributed bandages, socks, and other goods to help the wounded soldiers. In 1862 Barton was granted permission to deliver supplies directly to the front, which she did without fail for the next two years. In 1864 Barton was given the position of superintendent of Union nurses. After the war, she received permission from President Lincoln to begin a letter-writing campaign to search for missing soldiers. During the years following the war, Barton lectured about her war experiences, continued her work at the Office of Correspondence, and worked with the suffragist movement. However, by 1869,
Page 32
KPRACTICE TEST
Barton had worked herself into a physical breakdown. She followed her doctors orders and traveled to Europe to rest and regain her health. It was during this trip that Barton learned about the Treaty of Geneva, which provided relief for sick and wounded soldiers. Twelve nations had signed the treaty, but the United States had refused. Barton vowed to look into the matter. During this time, Barton also learned about the Red Cross. She observed the organization in action while traveling with several volunteers to the front of the FrancoRussian War. When Barton returned to the United States in 1873, she began her crusade for the Treaty of Geneva and the Red Cross. After spending time at a spa in Danville, New York, to improve her health, Barton moved to Washington, DC, to lobby for her causes. Due to her efforts, the United States signed the Geneva Agreement in 1882. In addition, the American Red Cross organization was formed in 1881, and Barton served as its first president. Several years later, she wrote the American amendment to the Red Cross constitution, which provided for disaster relief during peacetime as well as war.
Barton remained Red Cross president until 1904. During her tenure, she headed up relief work for disasters such as famines, floods, pestilence, and earthquakes in the United States and throughout the world. The last operation she personally directed was relief for victims of the Galveston, Texas, flood in 1900. In addition, she served as an emissary of the Red Cross and addressed several international conferences. In 1904 Barton was forced to resign her position as president. She experienced increasing criticism of her leadership style, and many felt it was time for the organization to be led by a larger, central administration. On May 12, Barton resigned. For the next eight years, she lived in her home at Glen Echo, Maryland. Barton enjoyed good health and remained quite active, riding her horse and keeping abreast of current events. Clara Barton died on April 12, 1912, from complications of a cold. The mission of her life can be summed up in her own words, You must never so much as think whether you like it or not, whether it is bearable or not; you must never think of anything except the need, and how to meet it.
30
You would probably find this passage in

F G H J
31
The word vowed as it is used in the passage probably means

A B C D
an encyclopedia a science textbook a newspaper editorial a dictionary
disliked declared imagined observed
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Page 33
irections
Use the chart below to answer Questions 3235.
Job
Teaching at North Oxford
Free School in Bordentown Was not asked to head school Y
V To volunteer as a nurse 1861
Office of Red Cross Correspondence Physical breakdown Z
Row 2 Date
W
1850
X
1904
32
Which of the following would fit in Box V?

F G H J
34
Clara Barton decided to travel to Europe because

F G H J
Patent Office Red Cross French Tutor Lobbying for the Treaty of Geneva
she wanted to help in the Franco-Prussian War she wanted to promote the Treaty of Geneva she did not enjoy working for the Office of Correspondence
she was advised to do so by her doctor
33
Which of the following labels is most suitable for Row 2?

A B C D
35
What Clara Barton accomplished The political climate at the time Reason Clara Barton left a job Clara Bartons impressions of her employers
Which of the following most likely was Clara Bartons opinion about education?
A B C D
Vital Unnecessary Optional Inexpensive
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KPRACTICE TEST
36
With which of the following statements would Clara Barton probably agree?
F G H J
The most important thing in life is to do what you enjoy. Treaties like the Treaty of Geneva are the only way to prevent future wars. Sometimes you need to put aside your own desires and help others. It is important to travel in order to be healthy.
37
Which sentence best fills the blank below?
The Red Cross is one of the oldest and best-known humanitarian aid organizations in the world. It helps thousands of people every year. It immediately tries to provide them with emergency assistance, such as food and shelter. Later, more permanent arrangements are made to help the victims start their lives over again.
A B C
Emergency food and water supplies are collected all year round by Red Cross volunteers. The Red Cross works with local authorities to help locate disaster victims. The American chapter of the Red Cross was founded in 1881. All over the world, the Red Cross is there to help.
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38
Which sentence best supports this topic sentence?
Clara Barton learned several foreign languages as part of her diverse education.
F G H J
Claras sister Dorothy taught her how to spell and her brother Stephen taught her mathematics. She was so well educated that she opened her own school in North Oxford at the age of 23. Clara was well versed in French and Latin, as well as in the other classic subjects of the time. Claras mother believed in the importance of a good education and the virtues of a clean household.
39
Which topic sentence best fits the following paragraph?
She supplied soldiers with bandages, medical supplies, food, and clean water. She helped search for survivors and cared for the wounded. Later, when she discovered the work of the Red Cross, she was instrumental in establishing the American chapter in 1881.
A B C D
Clara Barton, an American humanitarian, was often in fragile health herself. During the Civil War, Clara Barton performed deeds that earned her the title Angel of the Battlefield. Clara Barton discovered the Red Cross while traveling through Europe to learn about the Treaty of Geneva. In her early years, Clara Barton worked as a school teacher before taking a job with the U.S. Patent Office.
Page 36
KPRACTICE TEST
irections
Some of the most interesting books are about being alone. There is something about being alone that makes it easier to think about the meaning of life and ones place in the world. The following is a students essay about three books with themes about being alone. Read the essay and then answer Questions 4043.
One famous novel about being alone is Robinson Crusoe, by Daniel Defoe (16601731). In this story, written in 1719, Crusoe is shipwrecked on a desert island with no other people. At the beginning, Crusoe does not know what to do and he loses all sense of purpose. He feels sorry for himself and thinks that he is the most unhappy man in the world. But soon he realizes that for the first time he can truly be in touch with himself and nature. He comes to think that in his prior life he was too concerned with impressing people and making money. Now that he has had a chance to live all alone, he comes to realize the value of his life. He does not think that people are bad but, rather, that they are often too caught up in things like success and honor. A similar story is told by Henry David Thoreau (18171862). In 1845 he left Concord, Massachusetts, to live in a shack on the land of his friend (poet Ralph Waldo Emerson) on Walden Pond. He stayed in that wooden shack for nearly two years, living off the land and writing about his experiences. Thoreau discovered that success and material goods are not the most important things in life. He insisted that he was not a hermit who disliked people. Rather, Thoreau said, I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. Another book about being alone is On Solitude, by Rainer Maria Rilke, who lived from 1875 to 1926. While Rilke is best known for his poetry, this book is a combination of poems, stories, and essays. It talks mostly about how important it is to understand oneself and to be happy alone, before one can have significant relations with other people. Good friendships and good marriages, Rilke says, need people who understand themselves deep down.
40
Which sentence states best what the passage is mostly about?

F G H J
How a tragic event in an authors life affected his work A common theme in three books The experience of living near Walden Pond The importance of feeling at home in the wilderness
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Page 37
irections
Look at the following time line to answer Questions 4143.
A
1660 1700
B
1731
C
1800 1817
D
1862 1875 1900 1926
Defoe
Thoreau
Rilke
41
At which of the labeled points was Robinson Crusoe probably written?

A B C D
A B C D
42
The above time line is most useful for

F G H J
showing which books are fiction and which are nonfiction arranging books according to the place they were written showing which authors might have been influenced by other authors explaining the authors reasons for writing these books
43
In what year did Thoreau probably leave Walden Pond?

A B C D
1845 1846 1847 1875
Page 38
KPRACTICE TEST
irections
The following is an excerpt from Henry David Thoreaus most famous work, Walden. Read the passage below and use it to answer Questions 4450.
Some are dinning in our ears that we Americans, and moderns generally, are intellectual dwarfs compared with the ancients, or even the Elizabethan men. But what is that to the purpose? A living dog is better than a dead lion. Shall a man go and hang himself because he belongs to the race of pygmies, and not be the biggest pygmy that he can? Why should we be in such desperate haste to succeed, and in such desperate enterprises? If a man does not keep pace with his companions, perhaps it is because he hears a different drummer. Let him step to the music which he hears, however measured or far away. It is not important that he should mature as soon as an apple tree or an oak. However mean your life is, meet it and live it, do not shun it and call it hard names. It is not so bad as you are. It looks poorest when you are richest. The fault-finder will find faults even in paradise. Love your life, poor as it is. You may perhaps have some pleasant, thrilling, glorious hours, even in a poor-house. The setting sun is reflected from the windows of the almshouse1 as brightly as from the rich mans abode; the snow melts before its door as early in the spring. I do not see but a quiet mind may live as contentedly there, and have as cheering thoughts, as in a palace. The towns poor seem to me often to live the most independent lives of any. Maybe they are simply great enough to receive without misgiving. I live in the angle of a leaden wall, into whose composition was poured a little alloy of bell metal. Often, in the repose of my mid-day, there reaches my ears a confused tintinnabulum2 from without. It is the noise of my contemporaries. My neighbors tell me of their adventures with famous gentlemen and ladies, what notabilities they met at the dinner table; but I am no more interested in such things than in the contents of the Daily Times. The interest and the conversation are about costume and manners chiefly; but a goose is a goose still, dress it as you will. Rather than love, rather than money, give me truth. I sat at a table where were rich food and wine in abundance, and obsequious attendance, but sincerity and truth were not; and I went away hungry from the inhospitable board. The hospitality was as cold as the ices. I thought that there was no need of ice to freeze them. They talked to me of the age of the wine and the fame of the vintage; but I thought of an older, a newer, and purer wine, of a more glorious vintage, which they had not got, and could not buy. The style, the house and grounds and entertainment pass for nothing with me. I called on the king, but he made me wait in his hall, and conducted like a man incapacitated for hospitality. There was a man in my neighborhood who lived in a hollow tree. His manners were truly regal. I should have done better had I called on him.
1: almshouse: a place where poor people may freely stay and eat. 2: tintinnabulum: the metallic sound of bells ringing
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44
This passage is primarily intended to show that

F G H J
it is most important to live your life as best you can the importance of success and money cannot be overestimated Americans are just as wise as the ancients or the Elizabethan men Walden is a place where all people are equal
45
How is Thoreaus attitude toward the poor best described?

A B C D
Thoreau is indifferent to their suffering. Thoreau recognizes a unique freedom and spirit among the poor. Thoreau is critical of their laziness and how ungrateful they are. Thoreau considers his lifestyle superior.
46
What is the best clue to help you answer question 45?

F G H J
Thoreau states, A living dog is better than a dead lion. Thoreau states, I live in the angle of a leaden wall. Thoreau states, If a man does not keep pace with his companions, perhaps it is because he hears a different drummer. Thoreau states, The towns poor seem to me often to live the most independent lives of any.
47
Thoreau probably believes that

A B C D
those who are poor often live better than those who are wealthy success is one of the most important things in life kings are well known for being poor hosts men should be judged by their grace and manners
48
When Thoreau states that The setting sun is reflected from the windows of the almshouse as brightly as from the rich mans abode, he is probably referring to
F G H J
the brightness of the sun to that of other stars the equality of all humans regardless of wealth the reflective quality of window glass the architectural design of almshouses
Page 40
KPRACTICE TEST
D
49
irections
Use the students book report on page 37 and the passage from Walden to answer Questions 49 and 50. The students book report contains a quotation from Thoreau. Which of the following statements from Walden best illustrates this quotation?
A B C D
The fault-finder will find faults even in paradise. His manners were truly regal. Rather than love, rather than money, give me truth. The hospitality was as cold as the ices.
50
Why might the students book report be helpful to your understanding of Walden?
F G H J
The report gives us information about the environment at Walden Pond by comparing it to a desert island. The report helps us comprehend the authors view in Walden with colorful illustrations. The report helps us understand the main idea of Walden by comparing it to other works. The report gives us a great deal of biographical information about the author of Walden.
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Page 41
irections
The following is a story that a student wrote about the challenges that his family faced when coming to America. Help fix the mistakes by answering Questions 51 and 52.
A few years ago, I was looking through some old photographs that my parents kept in the attic. 2 I uncovered pictures of my family as they stood in line at Ellis Island, looking at the Statue of Liberty. 3 It was a sight they never seen before. 4 However, my grandparents did not stay on the East Coast for long. 5 Thankfully their cousins giving them jobs, and therefore they moved to Chicago to begin their new lives. 6 This is the story of my family.
1
51

A B C D
It was a sight they never before seen. It was a sight they had never seen before. It was a sight they will never see before. Best as it is
52

F G H J
They thankfully moved to Chicago to begin their new lives. Since they had cousins giving them jobs. They had cousins give them jobs and move to Chicago and begin their lives. Thankfully they had cousins who gave them jobs, so they moved to Chicago to begin their lives. Best as it is
Page 42
KPRACTICE TEST
D
1
irections
Here is the rest of the story. Do Questions 53 and 54.
My paternal grandfather worked as a photographers assistant. 2 In the evenings, he gave privately dance lessons to actors. 3 Having very little money, the apartment his family lived in was very small. 4 But he earned enough to send my father to college. 5 It was very important to my grandfather that his son had a good education.
53

A B
He gave privately dance lessons to actors in the evening. In the evenings, he gave private dance lessons to actors. He gave the most privatest dance lessons in the evenings to actors. Best as it is
C D
54

F G H J
His family lived having very little money in a small apartment. Since he had little money, his family lived in a very small apartment. The little money his family had was due to the very small apartment he lived in. Best as it is
STOP
Page 43
What Do I Need to Know About the TerraNova?

Parts of the TerraNova
The Reading and Language Arts section of the TerraNova is divided into two parts with a short break in between. Each part has a different theme. Dont worry though. You do not need any special knowledge about the theme to do well on the test. Both parts of the Reading and Language Arts section contain a mixture of reading questions and writing questions. The reading questions ask you to read an essay, story, poem, or chart, and then to answer a series of questions about what you have just read. The writing questions test your knowledge of the rules of standard written English. You may be asked to find the best way to write a sentence, to fill in blanks in a story, or to choose the sentence that is written correctly.
Timing
The amount of time you will have to complete the test depends on the total number of questions. Your teacher will tell you exactly how much time you will have to complete each section of the TerraNova. You should have enough time to finish the test. Try to answer every question as best as you can. Be sure not to rush your work; careless mistakes will hurt your score. If you come to a question that seems hard, do not spend too much time trying to answer it. Do your best, and move on to the next question. There will probably be easier questions later on in the test, and you do not want to get stuck for too long on any one question. Later in this workbook, we will review ways to help you answer questions when you are unsure of the best answer choice.
Using Your Scratch Paper

If you are given scratch paper, you might want to use it to keep track of answer choices that you know are incorrect, like this:
2.
A B C D
If you know that choices (A) and (B) are incorrect, draw a line through them. This way you know that the correct answer must be either choice (C) or (D). On difficult questions, keeping track of wrong answer choices will help you narrow down which one must be correct.
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For a multiple-choice test like the TerraNova, one of the most important skills to learn is process of elimination. Your job on this test is to find the best answer among the four choices given. The best answer might not always be the one you think is right, but it will always be the one that is better than the other three. There is no penalty for wrong answers on the TerraNova. Even if you are not completely sure which answer choice is best, you are better off answering the question than leaving it blank. Sometimes when you read a question, you may think you know the answer right away. It is usually a good idea to look back to the story to double-check your answer and to make sure that you were answering the question asked. It is easy, for instance, to skip over the NOT when reading (a question that asks, Which of the following is NOT correct?) and to pick a choice that is correct. Reading the question carefully and rereading the question when you see more than one correct answer will help you avoid such mistakes. There may be times, however, when you do not see the best answer right away. In this case, you often can find the correct answer by eliminating the choices that you know must be wrong. If you can cross off three choices, the remaining choice must be the correct answer. Even eliminating one or two answer choices dramatically improves your chances of guessing correctly.
Take a look at Question 25 taken from your practice test. How many choices can you eliminate without even seeing the original sentence?

A If you studied the history of science, you may conclude that it was with the ancient Greeks that it begins. B C
Studying the history of science, you may conclude it has begun with the ancient Greeks. If you study the history of science, you may conclude that it began with the ancient Greeks.
D Best as it is
Choice (A) is wordy and awkward. Choice (B) uses the wrong verb tense has begun. Therefore, these two choices can be eliminated. So without even looking at the original sentence we know that the correct answer must be either (C) or (D). Simply by using process of elimination, we have increased our chances of choosing the right answer by 50 percent.
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Take a look at Question 29 from your practice test:
Which of these sentences is correctly written?

A Its a great honor for a scientist to win a Nobel Prize. B C
The Nobel Prize having been named after the scientist and businessman Alfred Nobel. The Nobel Prize is given by a committee whos decision is made in secret.
D Nobody knows its decision until the day of the announcement.
Choice (A) should use the contraction its instead of the possessive its. Choice (B) is a sentence fragment since it has no verb. Choice (C) should use whose instead of whos. Therefore, the best choice is (D).
You may not be certain of the correct answer for every problem. However, if you can narrow down your search to a couple of choices, your chances of guessing correctly will improve greatly.
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The Passages
Introductory Themes
Each part of the TerraNovas Reading and Language Arts section has a general theme that often will be introduced in a few sentences or paragraphs on the first page. You do not have to understand this introductory information to do well on the test. All the passages you read will be related to the theme, but understanding how they connect will not help you to answer any questions on the test. In fact, it is better to skip this information to save time and go straight to the first questions or passage.
The Blurb Before the Passages

There often will be an introductory blurb before a reading passage. This blurb will usually contain background information about the passage. Read these sentences carefully. They will often contain important facts that may help you answer questions about the main idea in the passage.
Reading the Passage Actively

Since the TerraNova is a timed test, you will not always be able to take as much time to read the passage as you may like. You should read carefully, but do not worry about every detail. You will be able to refer back to the passage as much as you need. In a way, the reading part of the TerraNova is like an open-book test. All answers are somewhere in the passage; all you have to do is know when and where to look to find them.
What Did I Just Read?

Reading actively means stopping after each paragraph for a moment and asking yourself, What did I just read about? and then writing a brief summary sentence about the information contained in that paragraph. A few words should suffice. After reading the whole passage, take a moment to write down what the main point of the story is. Doing this will help you answer questions about the main idea.
When you read the passage for the first time, the most important thing is to understand the main idea and to recognize where certain facts can be found in the passage. The best way to do this is to read the passage actively. Reading actively means you should make notes to yourself as you read each paragraph and at the end of each passage. Doing this will help you to understand the main idea of the passage and to find information more easily.
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irections
Here is a passage from your practice test. Read it actively, summarizing the main idea of each paragraph in the right-hand column and the main theme of the passage at the end.
Linus Pauling
Excerpts from interview with Linos Pauling, PHD., from The Hall of Science & Exploration, www.achievement.org. Reprinted by permission of the American Academy of Achievement.
irections
The following is an interview with Linus Pauling, who pursued his lifelong dream to become a scientist. Pauling won the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1954 and the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962. Read the interview, and then answer Questions 1622.
PARAGRAPH LABEL
INTERVIEWER: How did you first become interested in science? PAULING: When I was eleven years old, I became interested in insects entomology. And for a year I read books about insects and collected specimens of butterflies and beetles in our valley in Oregon. When I was twelve, I became interested in rocks and minerals. I couldnt collect very many; where I lived wasnt a good source of minerals except agates, but I read a great deal about minerals. Then at thirteen I became interested in chemistry . . . in these remarkable phenomena in which one substance is converted into another substance, or two substances react to produce a third substance with quite different properties. Then when I was eighteen, in 1919, when I was teaching quantitative analysis full time at Oregon Agricultural College for one year between my sophomore and junior years, I read the papers of Irving Langmuir in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, and went back to G. N. Lewis 1916 paper. These papers dealing with the nature of the chemical bond, the role of electrons in holding atoms together interested me very much. That has been, essentially, the story of my life ever since. INTERVIEWER: As I understand it, your first interest in chemistry came when you were a young boy and a friend of yours got a chemistry set. PAULING: Well, I dont think chemistry sets existed at that time. This boy, Lloyd Alexander Jefress, just my age, thirteen, asked if I would like to see some chemical reactions. He had various chemicals that he had gotten perhaps at the drug store, and he carried out some reactions. And that interested me very much.

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INTERVIEWER: What thoughts went through your mind when you first got interested in chemistry? Did you have a sense then that this was a field you wanted to pursue, or were you just so intrigued by the relationships of various chemicals that you just sort of followed that interest? PAULING: I dont know whether shortly after Lloyd Jefress showed me these experiments, I decided that I would be a chemist. It may have been a year or two later. When I was fifteen, two years later, or perhaps it was sixteen, Lloyd Jefress and I were visiting my grandmother in Oswego, Oregon, and she said to me, What are you going to be when you grown up, Linie? And I said, I am going to be a chemical engineer. Lloyd Jefress, who became a leading psychologist later on, said, No he isnt, he is going to be a professor. But I went on and got my bachelors degree in chemical engineering at Oregon Agricultural College because I didnt know that there were such people as professional chemists. They didnt have advisors about your choice of profession in schools at that time, and I knew about engineering. I knew about chemical engineering, so I thought that was the way I could earn my living and still be doing chemistry. INTERVIEWER: Who was a big influence on you as a young man? PAULING: Well, by the time I got to graduate school, there were people who had a great influence on me. One was Roscoe Gilkey Dickinson. He had got his doctorate in physical chemistry, x-ray crystallography, in 1920. He was the first person to get a Ph.D. from California Institute of Technology. And he was continuing with x-ray crystallography, determining the structure of inorganic crystals. A. A. Morris, the head of the division of chemistry and chemical engineering at California Institute of Technology, after I had accepted appointment as a graduate student, wrote to say that he had decided that I should work with Roscoe Dickinson on determining the structure of crystals. This was really extremely fortunate for me, in my opinion. I dont think that there was any field that was more suited to my interests, and I dont really know why Dr. Morris selected me out of eight or ten new graduate students to do x-ray crystallography. Dickinson had a remarkable mind. He was a very careful investigator and thinker. A very logical thinker. When he was teaching me x-ray crystallography, he also taught me to ask at each stage in the argument: What assumptions are being made? How reliable is the conclusion that you draw? What chance is there that one of the assumptions you have made is not correct? You should recognize, he
PARAGRAPH LABEL
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said to me, that there is in almost every investigation a lack of complete rigor. You should understand just how reliable the arguments are that you are presenting. INTERVIEWER: What experience or event had a major impact on you? PAULING: I think that meeting the young woman whom I married a year and a half later was the event that had the greatest effect on my life. She, I can see in retrospect, felt that her duty was to see to it that her husband lived as good a life as possible. And in particular, that she would handle the problems and stresses associated with family, leaving me free to devote all of my time and effort to working on the problems that I wanted to work on, the scientific problems. INTERVIEWER: And having that concentration was a great advantage in your work, no doubt. PAULING: Yes, Im sure. Ive been asked from time to time, How does it happen that you have made so many discoveries? Are you smarter than other scientists? And my answer has been that I am sure that I am not smarter than others. I dont have any precise evaluation of my IQ, but to the extent that psychologists have said that my IQ is about 160, I recognize that there are one hundred thousand or more people in the United States that have IQs higher than that. So I have said that I think I think harder, think more than other people do, than other scientists. For years, almost all of my thinking was about science and scientific problems that I was interested in. So I owe much of this to my wife.
PARAGRAPH LABEL
x x x x x x x x x x
Now write a one-sentence summary of what the entire excerpt was about. Use your paragraph labels to help you focus on the main idea(s) of the story. You should write a one-sentence passage summary after you finish reading each lengthy passage on the TerraNova.

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Reading Questions
After each reading passage there will be several different kinds of questions testing you on what you have just read. Read each question very carefully to make sure you understand exactly what the question is asking. Questions are not always worded in the most straightforward manner. Take the extra time to reread a question if you are confused about exactly what it is asking. The most important thing to do when answering questions is to find evidence for your answer in the passage. There will always be information in the passage that will help you choose one answer over the others. In the following pages, we will review helpful strategies for dealing with the various question types you may find on the TerraNova.
Main Idea Questions

You may be asked to answer questions about the main idea of a passage. To answer a main idea question, look back at your notes on the passage, especially your summary sentence. Look for an answer choice that best restates what you had already decided was the main idea. A title or a description of the passage before the text can also help you determine the main idea. If none of the answer choices restates your summary sentence, use process of elimination. Cross off any answer choices that are obviously false based on the information in the passage. Cross off choices that include information not discussed in the passage.
Look back at the Linus Pauling interview on pages 4850, and then review Question 16 from your practice test. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
F
Paulings Work with X-ray Crystallography
G The Influence of Lloyd Jefress in Linus Paulings Life H What It Was Like to Grow Up in Oregon J
How Linus Pauling Came to Be a Scientist
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The title of a passage usually reflects what the passage is mainly about. Therefore, the question above is really just a main idea question. If you labeled your passage well, you will see that the interview is about Linus Pauling and his experiences as a scientist. Just looking at the interviewers question will give you a clue about the main idea. Nearly every question has to do with how or why Linus Pauling became a scientist. Therefore, the best choice is (J).
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Specific Information Questions

A few questions on the test will ask you about specific facts or details included in the passage, such as:
According to the author, what is the most important skill for gymnasts? After registering for the race, what is the next thing that a racer must do?
To find the answer more quickly, skim the passage for key words such as gymnasts or registering for the race. Then reread the two or three sentences around the key word(s) to help you determine the answer choice that best matches the information stated in the passage.
Look back at the Linus Pauling interview on pages 48-50, and then review Question 20 from your practice test:
Which of the following questions could you answer from the information in this interview?
F
On what day was Linus Pauling born?
G What did Lloyd Jefress do to receive the Nobel Prize? H How did Linus Pauling meet his wife? J
In what year did Roscoe Dickinson get his doctorate?
When a question asks you for specific information from the passage, you should always skim the passage, looking for key words to help you find evidence for your answer. For instance, to see if you could answer a question about what Lloyd Jefress did to receive the Nobel Prize, scan the passage for the words Lloyd Jefress or Nobel Prize. When you find either phrase, read the surrounding sentences to see if they contain information to help you answer the question, What did Lloyd Jefress do to receive the Nobel Prize? None of those sentences To answer specific information questions, answer the question. you should always look back to the However, if you scan the passage and find the answer. Remember, passage for Roscoe Dickinson, there will always be answer choices that you will see that he got his look tempting but are wrong. Do not let doctorate in physical chemistry in 1920. The best yourself be fooled. Do not rely on your choice is therefore (J). The memory! That is the easiest way to make other questions may seem a silly mistake. ALWAYS refer back to the tempting, but the answers to text before answering. them are never specifically mentioned in the passage.
Look Back and Find the Answer
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Technique Questions
Technique questions are some of the most difficult on the TerraNova. These questions ask you to figure out the best strategy to find the answer to a question.
Technique Question Tips
1.
If you are looking for a specific fact, the best strategy is to search for key words. If you want to determine where the best place is to insert a line, reading only the sentence immediately before and the sentence immediately after the suggested location is the best strategy. If you are trying to figure out the main idea, rereading the introductory and concluding paragraphs is probably the best bet. Remember not to let yourself get too caught up in answering these questions. If you are not sure which particular strategy is best after reading the answer choices, use process of elimination. Get rid of strategies that you know WILL NOT work, then make your best guess, and move on to the next question.
2.
Go back to the question you just answered about the Linus Pauling interview, and ask yourself, How did I answer this question? What clues did I use in the passage to find the answer? Did you base your answer on key words, your passage labels, or specific lines from the passage?
Question 21 is an example of a technique question. It refers to Question 20 from the preceding page.
What technique is most effective to find the answer to question 20?

A Reading just the first and last lines B C D
Skimming the passage looking for clues Drawing a time line Rewriting in your own words the main point of the interview
Whenever a passage asks you to find the answer to a specific information question, the best strategy is to skim the passage looking for those particular details. Question 20 (on pages 28 and 52) asks us which question you can answer with the information youve been given. In other words, its like doing four separate specific information questions, except only one of them is answerable. As we have already discussed, the best way to answer this question is by skimming over the passage to find certain key words. Therefore, choice (B) is best.
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Vocabulary in Context Questions

Some questions will ask you to figure out the meaning of a word in the passage. They often look like this:
According to the passage, the word juggernaut probably means
These types of questions usually ask you to define a very difficult word, one that you are not expected to know at first sight. The trick is to figure out what the word should mean by using the context of the passage for clues. There are always clues in the sentences near the word. These clues may include similar examples or a description. Sometimes these clues may not help you determine exactly what the word means, but, rather, what it does not. For instance, if the sentence reads, The chivalrous knight was rewarded for his success on the battlefield, you can infer that chivalrous does not mean cowardly.
Follow these steps for Vocabulary in Context Questions:

1. Review the place in the passage where the word is mentioned. 2. Put your finger over the word, then read a few lines above and below it. 3. Ask yourself what kind of word you would put in that place. 4. Write the word down on your scrap paper. 5. Look for the answer choice that comes closest to the word you wrote down.
Lets take a look at the following excerpt from page 33 and Question 31 from your practice test: It was during this trip that Barton learned about the Treaty of Geneva, which provided relief for sick and wounded soldiers. Twelve nations had signed the treaty, but the United States had refused. Barton vowed to look into the matter. During this time, Barton also learned about the Red Cross. She observed the organization in action while traveling with several volunteers to the front of the Franco-Russian War.
The word vowed as it is used in the passage probably means

A disliked B C D
declared imagined observed
First find vowed in the passage and reread the area around it. Now try to fill in your own word. Barton ________ to look into the matter. We know we need a verb, and we know that whatever she did, she did after the United States had refused to sign the treaty. Therefore, Clara Barton must have not refused, but rather she decided to do something. Choice (B) best states this idea.
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Inference and Conclusion Questions

Several questions after each passage will ask you to make inferences or to draw conclusions from the facts in the passage. These questions might be about the events that most likely caused another event, what might have motivated a persons actions, or what a character probably believes. You will not be able to find the answer to these questions in the passage itself. Instead, you will have to use the information in the passage to make an educated guess about what most likely will happen in the future. For instance, take a look at the following examples of inference and conclusion questions:
What will Johnny probably do tomorrow?

To figure out what Johnny will probably do tomorrow, ask yourself: What did Johnny do yesterday and today? Unless there is evidence to the contrary, it is safe to assume Johnny will probably do the same thing tomorrow.
What probably caused Ann to run for president?

To figure out what probably caused Ann to run for president, look back to the passage to find the point at which she decides to run for president. Then look for information about what happened just before she made her decision. This is probably what caused her to run.
Which of the following would Consuela probably believe?

To figure out what Consuela probably believes, look back to the passage and reread what Consuela says and does in the passage. If she volunteers to help out at a charity dinner, for instance, this probably means she thinks that volunteering is a good thing.
Refer back to the Linus Pauling interview to review Question 17 .
When Linus Pauling says, I think I think harder than other scientists, he is talking about
A his extraordinary intelligence B C D
a special scientific method that no other scientists use a thorough scientific education at a young age the amount of time and energy he spends working
Lets look back to the passage and try to find evidence to support an answer, or at least to eliminate some choices that we know are incorrect. Pauling says,I am sure that I am not smarter than others . . . So I have said that I think I think harder, think more than other people do, than other scientists. From this we can eliminate choice (A), which is directly contradicted by the quote, and choice (C) since there is no mention of his scientific education in the surrounding sentences. Choice (B) may be tempting, but, again, there is no mention of a particular scientific method, only that he thinks harder than other scientists. Therefore, choice (D) must be correct.
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Graphs and Charts

Some questions on the TerraNova will be based on some kind of chart or graph. Charts and graphs are just another way of arranging information. Whenever you see a chart, try to figure out how the chart is organized. An outline, for example, arranges information from top to bottom according to the order in which it appears in a passage. However, a time line organizes information from the earliest to the latest date.
Take a look at the chart and Question 32 from your practice test.
Teaching at North Oxford Free School in Bordentown Was not asked to head school Y Office of Red Cross Correspondence Physical breakdown Z
Job
V To volunteer as a nurse 1861
Row 2 Date
W
1850
X
1904
Which of the following would fit in Box V?

F
Patent Office
G Red Cross H French Tutor J
Lobbying for the Treaty of Geneva
If you look at the top of the diagram, you see a list of jobs. This list follows the order in the passage. Which one fits in Box V? Read the passage on pages 3233 to see which job Barton had after she was a school teacher but before her volunteer work in the war. You will see that the best choice is (F).
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Information Sources
These questions ask you to figure out what kind of book or other media source would probably contain a particular type of information. To answer this kind of question, ask yourself: What kind of passage is this? Is it factual or fictional? What kind of specific information does it contain? If the passage contains a lot of historical information, the best source may be a history textbook. If it is a passage about one person, the best source may be a book of biographies. If it contains a lot of geographical information, the source may be an atlas. If the passage is very opinionated, it may be from a newspaper or magazine editorial. Information-source questions may look like this:
Where would you probably find this story? If you wanted to know more about this subject, where would you look?
Refer back to the passage on Clara Barton on pages 32 and 33 before we take a closer look at Question 30 . You would probably find this passage in
F
an encyclopedia
G a science textbook H a newspaper editorial J
a dictionary
Since this passage is mostly about the history of a person, it would not be found in a science textbook. It is far too long for a dictionary entry. Since it is written objectively and without an opinion, it could not be a newspaper editorial. Therefore, the best answer is (F).
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Writing Questions
Some questions on the TerraNova will test your writing skills. You will be asked, for instance, to choose the best way to write a sentence or to fill in a blank with the best word or sentence. These questions test your ability to recognize the correct use of standard written English and to determine how best to organize paragraphs.
Usage Questions
Some of the questions on the TerraNova will ask you to look at a sentence from a short passage and to figure out whether or not it is written correctly. If it contains an error, you will be asked to choose which of three choices best corrects the error. Other questions will ask you to identify which of four separate sentences is written correctly. The questions may look like this:
Choose the best way to write Sentence 1. Select the best way to write Sentence 1. Which is the best way to write Sentence 1? Which of these is written correctly?
Dont Forget to Use Process of Elimination

To answer these questions correctly:
1. Read all four answer choices first. 2. Eliminate any that have obvious grammatical errors. 3. Reread all remaining answer choices. 4. Eliminate any that are difficult to understand or do not make sense.
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Subject/Verb Agreement
To spot subject/verb agreement errors, first find the subject and the verb in the sentence. To find the subject, ask yourself: Who or what is acting? or Who or what is being described? To find the verb, find the action word. Then make sure that the subject and the verb match. Look at the following sentences.
1.
The birds in the cage watches the cat.
What is the subject in Sentence 1? It is the birds who are acting. They are watching the cat. But would you say, The birds watches the cat? No. The verb is not in the correct form. It should be in the plural: The birds watch the cat.
2.
A giant panda from China were caught last year.
What is the subject in Sentence 2? The giant panda is the thing in action, so it must be the subject. But would you say, A giant panda were caught last year? No. The verb were is plural. It should be, A giant panda was caught last year. Rewriting the sentence on your scrap paper so that the subject and verb are next to each other is an excellent way to make subject/verb errors obvious.
Verb Tense and Form

To spot tense problems on the TerraNova, look for words and phrases that indicate present or past, such as:
Past
1956 Yesterday Last week During the Civil War
Present
Now Today Currently Presently
Future
Later Tomorrow In the future The next time
Once you know what tense the verb should be in, the next step is to put it in the correct form. For instance, you would not say, Last week I goed to the baseball game. Goed is an incorrect verb form. The correct past tense of to go is went.
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Look at the following sentences.
1.
Yesterday, Anna is going to the store.
In Sentence 1, the word Yesterday tips us off that the verb should be in the past tense. The verb is going is in the present tense. Instead it should be in the past tense, went.
2.
Anna has took the book to the library.
The past tense forms of the verb to take are took and has taken. You could say Anna took the book, or Anna has taken the book. But has took is not a possible form.
Lets take a look at Question 14 from your practice test.

David has always dreamed of becoming an actor, and he wants to join his schools theater program. The following is a note he wrote to the director of the schools theater program. Help David by fixing his mistakes.
Dear Ms. Smith, I have wanted to be an actor for a very long time. 2 When I was little, my mother used to read stories to me at bedtime. 3 When I was a little older, I acted in many school musicals and skits. 4 Rehearsing, performing were enjoyed by me, and the applause was music to my ears. 5 I have always want to return to acting since then. 6 I may even want to be an actor when I grow up. 7 That would make my mother very proud. 8 So I hope that you will let me join the acting program.
1
? r

F
I have always want to return to acting since then.
G Always have I wanted since then to return to acting. H Since then I have always wanted to return to acting. J
Best as it is
The original sentence and choice (F) have the invalid verb form have want. Between (G) and (H), choice (H) is less awkward and makes more sense.
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Adjective/Adverb
You will see questions that test your understanding of the correct use of adjectives and adverbs. To distinguish between the two, remember that adjectives modify nouns and pronouns; adverbs modify verbs. Look at the following sentence.
1.
Lisa ran quick around the house.
What is the word quick describing? If a word describes a person or a thing, it should be an adjective such as quick. But if a word describes an action, it should be an adverb such as quickly. (Dont forget: most adverbs end in -ly). In the sentence, quick is describing the action that took place (the way Lisa ran) so it should be in the adverb form, quickly.
Comparison Words
When making comparisons for adjectives that have only one syllable, we usually make the comparison by adding -er and -est to the end of the word.
Big, bigger, biggest Blue, bluer, bluest
However, for adjectives with more than one syllable, we usually make the comparison by adding the words more and most before the adjective.
Dramatic, more dramatic, most dramatic Interesting, more interesting, most interesting
However, in no case would we add a more or most before the adjective and then add an -er or an -est to the end of it. Look at the following sentences.
1.
He was one of the most greatest authors of his time.
In Sentence 1, most greatest is an error. It should simply say greatest.
2.
She is intelligenter than he is.
In Sentence 2, intelligenter is an error. It should say more intelligent.
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Pronoun Agreement and Case

Sometimes questions on the TerraNova will test your ability to recognize pronoun errors. A pronoun is a word that can be substituted for a noun. For example, The dog was hungry. It had not been fed. The word it is a pronoun, substituting for the noun dog. Look at the following sentences.
1.
The cat ran away, but they came back soon.
In Sentence 1, there is a problem with pronoun agreement. Pronoun agreement means that singular pronouns stand in for singular nouns, and plural pronouns stand in for plural nouns. In Sentence 1, the subject is cat. But the pronoun they is plural. The sentence should read, but it came back soon.
2.
John is a man which likes to eat.
Sentence 2 also contains a pronoun agreement error. The pronoun who should be used for people, and which or that should be used for things. Sentence 2 should read, John is a man who likes to eat. Pronoun case means that the subject of the sentence (the thing doing the acting) needs a subject pronoun, and the object of a sentence (the thing receiving the action) needs an object pronoun. When we say, I gave it to him, I is the subject of the sentence. The I is doing the giving. However, if the situation is reversed, we would say, He gave it to me, because the I is now the object of the sentence. He is now doing the giving.
3.
Alice gave the book to Sam and I.
In Sentence 3, the problem is with the pronoun case. Ask yourself: does the word I in Sentence 3 describe someone who is giving the book (the subject) or someone who is getting the book (the object)? In this case, the I is the person who receives the book. So the pronoun used should be an object pronoun. The sentence should read, Alice gave the book to Sam and me. If the sentence is confusing, try removing the words Sam and to see what is left. Would you say, Alice gave the book to I or Alice gave the book to me? Obviously, you would say, Alice gave the book to me.
The Objective Case

Remember, whenever a pronoun follows a preposition (such as: to, of, in, at, around, between, from), the pronouns are always in the objective case. Page 62
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Look at the chart below that distinguishes between subject and object pronouns. You will notice that there are different pronouns for the object of the sentence and the subject of the sentence.
PRONOUNS Subject
I you he/she/it we they
Object
me you him/her/it us them
Sentence Fragments
Some of the questions on the TerraNova will test your ability to recognize sentence fragment errors. Every sentence must express a complete thought. If a sentence is missing either a subject or a complete verb, it is not a sentenceit is a fragment. Look at the following sentences.
1.
Told me that I should be able to go to the party.
What is the subject in Sentence 1? Who or what is doing the telling? There is no subject in this sentence. Therefore, it is a sentence fragment.
2.
The cat, after eating her lunch, taking a bath.
Sentence 2 has a subject, the cat, but the verb taking is incomplete. Therefore, Sentence 2 is also a sentence fragment.
ing words
Be careful of words that end in ing. They look like verbs and are derived from verbs, but on their own they are never verbs:ing words are either present participles (e.g. I have been swimming.) or gerunds (e.g. I particularly enjoy swimming.). But all alone, ing words can never be the verb in a sentence.
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Parallelism
The TerraNova will also test your ability to pick out errors in parallel construction. Parallel construction questions have to do with verb form consistency within a sentence. For instance, you might say, Yesterday, Luis went running, swimming, and biking. But you would never say, Yesterday, Luis went running, swam, and biking. The verb swam is in the wrong tense. It should be in the same tense as the verbs (running and biking) in the list of things Luis did yesterday. Look at the following sentences:
1.
Jeff turned the corner and running down the street.
Whenever you read a sentence that contains a list of actions or objects, make sure that the verb form (past, present, future, etc.) used in all of the items in the list is the same. For instance, in Sentence 1 there are two verbs. Each one describes a separate action. The first action is, Jeff turned the corner. The second action must be in the same form. It should be in the past tense. So it should read: and ran down the street.
2.
Amy wanted to eat lunch, run in the park, and to see the horses.
In Sentence 2 there are three activities that Amy wanted to do: to eat lunch, run in the park, and to see the horses. Are these three items in the same form? No. The first and third have the word to before them, but the second does not. The sentence should read, Amy wanted to eat lunch, to run in the park, and to see the horses.

David has always dreamed of becoming an actor, and he wants to join his schools theater program. The following is a note he wrote to the director of the schools theater program. Help David by fixing his mistakes.
Dear Ms. Smith, I have wanted to be an actor for a very long time. 2 When I was little, my mother used to read stories to me at bedtime. 3 When I was a little older, I acted in many school musicals and skits. 4 Rehearsing, performing were enjoyed by me, and the applause was music to my ears. 5 I have always want to return to acting since then. 6 I may even want to be an actor when I grow up. 7 That would make my mother very proud. 8 So I hope that you will let me join the acting program.
1
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A Rehearsing, performing were enjoyable to me, and the applause was music to my ears. B C D
I enjoyed rehearsing and performing, and the applause was music to my ears. Music to my ears was the applause, rehearsing and performing. Best as it is
The original sentence needs an and between rehearsing and performing, and it is in the passive voice. Choice (A) is very wordy and is also in the passive voice. In choice (C), the words applause, rehearsing and performing are not in parallel form. Therefore, the best choice is (B).
Misplaced Modifier
The TerraNova will also test your ability to recognize when a sentence has a misplaced modifier. A modifier is a phrase that elaborates on or helps define the meaning of something. For instance, if I said, When the sun is shining, it is beautiful outside, the phrase When the sun is shining modifies or limits what I meant when I said that it is beautiful outside. Without this phrase, you would probably assume that it was beautiful outside all day long. But because of the modifier, we know it is only beautiful outside when the sun is shining. A misplaced modifier is a modifier applied incorrectly. Look at the following sentence:
1.
While running to school, my bag fell apart on me.
The sentence begins with the descriptive phrase while running to school. However, the sentence never states who or what was running to school. The only subject given in the sentence is my bag. Therefore, because of the misplaced modifier, Sentence 1 actually states that the bag was running to school. One way to correct this type of mistake is to make sure that the subject is in or next to the modifying phrase. In this case, since I is the intended subject, the sentence could be rewritten to read: While I was running to school, my bag fell apart, or While running to school, I felt my bag fall apart.
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Exercise
irections
Take a look at the sentences below. Circle the error in each of the following sentences, and then correct it in the space provided.
Tomorrow I went to the store. I couldnt see the ball because the sun was in my eyes while playing baseball. She added too much yeast, so the bread has rose too quickly. There is many problems with the story. Since the school principal has so much work, they is very busy. Our teachers often helps to coach sports teams. In order to hide from predators, the zebra having many stripes.
John walking home, sees his mother. The giant mouse ran through the house and escaping from the cat. She gave the job to Susan and I. Last year, Gisele won the science prize and receives an award. Jim finished his most importantly assignment. Anna picked up the dog and shows it to her mother. My brothers and I were told that we couldnt watch the program by our mom.
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Paragraph Organization
Some questions on the TerraNova will ask you to find a sentence that best introduces, concludes, or supports the other sentences in the passage. These questions may look like this:
Choose the best topic sentence for the paragraph. Choose the sentences that best support this topic sentence. Which sentence does NOT fit with the rest of the paragraph? Which sentence would best follow Sentence 1? Where would this sentence fit in the paragraph?
Topic Sentences
Some questions on the TerraNova will ask you to choose a topic sentence. A topic sentence is the sentence that gives the main idea of a paragraph. It is usually the first sentence of a paragraph. Read the rest of the paragraph before you try to find the best topic sentence. Think about the examples it gives, and then ask yourself what the paragraph is mostly about. Look for the answer choice that best expresses this idea.
Which of the following is the best introductory sentence for the following paragraph?
Computers have become extremely popular, both at home and in the office, increasing the need for programmers. The job is just as much an art as it is a science: a programmer needs to figure out what the needs of the users are before writing a single line of computer code.
A Over the last 10 years, more and more people have become computer programmers. B C
Many of my friends want to be computer programmers when they grow up. To become a computer programmer, you need many years of technical training.
D Computers are one of the most important inventions of the last 100 years.
Read the other sentences in the paragraph for details and examples. The first sentence mentions that the popularity of computers increases the demand for programmers. This allows us to eliminate choice (D), because it does not even mention programmers. We can also eliminate choice (B), since friends are not mentioned anywhere in the paragraph. Choices (A) and (C) are both tempting. However, we can eliminate choice (C), because the passage does not mention what is involved in the technical training, and because the second sentence says computers have become extremely popular, which has nothing to do with the technical training involved in computer programming. Therefore, choice (A) is the best choice.
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Supporting Sentences
Another kind of topic sentence question will ask you to find the sentences that best support the topic sentence that you are given. To answer this type of question, read the topic sentence carefully. It will tell you what kind of sentences should follow. Look especially for sentences that give examples or details about the idea in the topic sentence. Never pick an answer choice that changes the theme or direction of the topic sentence.
Take a look at Question 38 from your practice test: Which sentence best supports this topic sentence? Clara Barton learned several foreign languages as part of her diverse education.
F
Claras sister Dorothy taught her how to spell and her brother Stephen taught her mathematics.
G She was so well educated that she opened her own school in North Oxford at the age of twenty-three. H Clara was well versed in French and Latin, as well as in the other classic subjects of the time. J
Claras mother believed in the importance of a good education and the virtues of a clean household.
The topic sentence mentions foreign languages and education, so the sentences that follow must mention these ideas. While several of the choices touch on education, only one of them mentions foreign languages. Therefore, the best choice is (H).
Which of these things is not like the others?

Occasionally, you will see a variation on supporting sentence questions. In these questions, you will be asked to find the sentence that does NOT fit in the paragraph. To solve this kind of problem, read the whole passage looking for the sentence that suddenly departs from the main idea of the passage, or that does not relate to the main idea at all. Page 68
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Keep an eye out for the connecting words listed in the box. The conjunctions listed under Same Direction are words that suggest that the next sentence or clause will continue the idea from the previous sentence or clause. The conjunctions listed under Opposite Direction are words that suggest that the next sentence or clause introduces a different idea from the one before.
Here is a list of some common trigger words you may see on the TerraNova:
CONJUNCTIONS Same Direction

And Then After Next Also For example In addition
For example:
Opposite Direction
However But On the other hand Nevertheless Although In contrast Despite
1.
We went to the beach, but we had a picnic.
In Sentence 1, the conjunction but suggests that something unusual happened when they went to the beach. According to the sentence, however nothing unusual did happen, so using the conjunction but is incorrect. Since the direction of the sentence does not change, either and or then should be used.
2.
We wanted to go for a drive, and the car had a flat tire.
In Sentence 2, the conjunction and suggests that nothing unusual or unexpected happened. However, presumably no one expected the car to have a flat tire, so in this sentence we need to use a conjunction that does change direction of the sentence. But or however would make more sense: We wanted to go for a drive, but the car had a flat tire.
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Look at the examples below and try to complete the sentences yourself:
I have studied hard for the test, so My father wants to take us to the Grand Canyon, and . . , I enjoy gymnastics as well. Andys favorite color is blue, even though .
Structure Questions
Some questions on the TerraNova may ask where in a paragraph a certain sentence would best fit.
Lets look at Question 15 from the practice test:

David has always dreamed of becoming an actor, and would like to join his schools theater program. The following is a note he wrote to the director of the schools theater. Help David by fixing his mistakes.
Dear Ms. Smith, I have wanted to be an actor for a very long time. 2 When I was little, my mother used to read stories to me at bedtime. 3 When I was a little older, I acted in many school musicals and skits. 4 Rehearsing, performing were enjoyed by me, and the applause was music to my ears. 5 I have always want to try acting since then. 6 I may even want to be an actor when I grow up. 7 That would make my mother very proud. 8 So I hope that you will let me join the acting program.
1
Where does this sentence belong in the paragraph? She was the one who first sparked my interest in theater.
A After Sentence 2 B C
After Sentence 3 After Sentence 6
D After Sentence 7
What do you think the word she refers to in the sentence above? If you reread the passage, you will note that the only woman mentioned is the authors mother. Therefore, this sentence should go somewhere near a sentence about the authors mother. This allows us to eliminate choices (B) and (C). Since the paragraph is organized from past to present, and this sentence is about the past, it belongs early in the passage. Therefore, the best choice is (A).
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Combination Questions
Some questions on the TerraNova will ask you to combine two sentences into one. Combination questions may look like:
Which of these best combines Sentences 1 and 2?
Make sure to: 1. Read every choice. 2. Cross off any choice that contains a grammatical error. 3. Reread the choices that are left. 4. Cross off any choices that do not make sense. Watch for conjunctions like
and, or, and but.
5.
Check to make sure that the things being joined by these conjunctions are in parallel form.
Lets look at Question 12 from the practice test:
Which is the best way to combine these sentences? I wanted to go to the park on Sunday with my brother. I did all my homework on Saturday.
F
Since I wanted to go to the park and do all my homework, I went with my brother on Sunday.
G Since I wanted to go to the park on Sunday with my brother, I did all my homework on Saturday. H Since I did all my homework on Saturday, I wanted to go to the park on Sunday with my brother. J
Since I did all my homework with my brother on Saturday, I went to the park on Sunday.
Choice (F) changes the meaning of the original sentences. It says that the author wanted to do his homework, when he really wanted to go the park. Choice (J) also changes the meaning of the original sentences by saying that the author did his homework with his brother. The original sentences do not mention if he did his homework with anybody. Answer choices (G) and (H) are a question of what was the cause and what was the effect. Does he want to go to the park because he has finished his homework or does he do his homework because he wanted to go to the park? Choice (G) is the more logical of the two, and so it is the best answer.
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Sentence Completions
You will see at least one passage on the TerraNova where some of the words are missing and replaced by numbered blanks. Sentence completion problems are supposed to test your knowledge of vocabulary. They are very similar to vocabulary in context questions, except that vocabulary in context questions ask for a definition. Sentence completion questions just ask you to pick the correct word. You will probably see some words that you dont know, but if you work carefully, you often can eliminate a number of the answer choices. The most helpful thing you can do on sentence completion questions is to look for clues around the blank. You will find that you often can make a good guess at the right answer without looking at the answer choices.
Answering Sentence Completion Questions

1. Read a few sentences before and after the blank. 2. Put your own word in the blank. 3. Write that word on your scratch paper. 4. Look at the answer choices. 5. Pick the word that is closest in meaning to the word
you chose.
Finding Clues
The trick to success on these vocabulary questions is to find the clues in the sentence. You will never see a sentence completion question like the one below on the TerraNova:
John felt so _____ after seeing the movie.

Why not? Because there is no good answer to this question. Almost any word could fit in the blank: happy, sad, interested, or bored. They all work.
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On the TerraNova, there are always clues in the sentence that tell you what kind of word should go in the blank. Below are some possible sentences. What clues can you find to determine the meaning of the word that belongs in the blank? What words can you think of that should go there?
1.
John felt so _____ after seeing the movie that he went home and cried.
What if you have trouble thinking of your own word for the blank? In this case you should try to figure out whether the word in the blank should be a positive word or a negative word. For instance, the blank in Sentence 1 would probably be best filled by a negative word, like disturbed or upset. The fact that John went home and cried is a big clue.
2.
John was so _____ by the movie that he was still laughing at the jokes the next day.
The blank in Sentence 2, however, probably would be best filled by a positive word, like entertained or amused. The phrase he was still laughing at the jokes the next day tips us off that he probably enjoyed the film.
Dont Forget to Use Process of Elimination!

Process of elimination is an effective technique to use on sentence completion questions. However, remember that just because you dont know the meaning of one of the answer choices, you shouldnt cross it off! It might be the correct answer. Cross off answer choices only when you have a reason.
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Lets take a look at Questions 9 , 10 , and 11 from your practice test.
D irections
This is part of a presentation written by Sheldon Strong, age 15, about the day he decided he wanted to be a doctor. Select the words that best fit in the blanks in the text for Questions 911.
I remember the first day that I realized what an important job it is to be a doctor. My father and I were walking downtown when a man in the street greeted him: Doctor Strong! How are you? (9) My father him immediately as one of his patients. Very well, thank you, my father replied. This is my son, (10) he added, me. How nice to meet you, the man said to me. Do you know that your father saved my life? He gave me a new heart several years ago. And since then Im as healthy as ever. Since that day I have aspired to be a doctor just like my father. I can think of (11) than that of no profession more a physician.
9 r
A B C D
investigated corroborated
recognized differentiated
The best clue in this sentence is the word greeted. Since the man greeted Dr. Strong by name, they probably know each other. Therefore, the closest word is (C).
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10
F G H J
indicating establishing prohibiting picturing The best clue near this blank is, This is my son. Dr. Strong points out his son to the man he has met in the street. The word that most nearly means points out is indicating.
r
11
B C
abhorrent ambivalent inane laudable
Since Sheldon aspires to be a doctor, he must think that being a doctor is a good thing. Choices (A), (B), and (C) are negative or neutral words and can be eliminated. So even if you are not sure exactly what laudable means (it means, worthy of praise), choice (D) must be correct because its the only choice left.
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NOTES
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NOTES
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NOTES
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NOTES
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TERRANOVA PREPARATION AND PRACTICE WORKBOOK

& Ten Days

Preparation and Practice

Ten Days to the TerraNova

An Overview of the TerraNova

SAMPLE S1 In the story, which of the following did Maria say

History Baseball Homework Traveling

Using Your Scratch Paper

The postal carrier delivers a _____ amount of mail.

substantial substantiel substantile substancial

Since overcoming incredible difficulties, she felt _____.

My brother often makes _____ remarks.

Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

invincibal invincable invinceble invincible

faseetious fasetous facetious facitious

During the outage, hot water was a _____.

The cabin is not _____ from the road.

scarcitey scarsitey scarsity scarcity

acessible accessible accesible acesible

My dog is a very _____ eater.

finickee finickey finicky finiky

My mother said that movie is _____ for me. F inappropriate

inapropriate inapropraite inappropaite

Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Camp. They camp, they camp. They Correct as is

Do you know how to water-ski Peter?

water-ski, Peter? water-ski; Peter? water-ski: Peter? Correct as it is

Marion asked, do you have a date for the school dance?

asked do asked, Do asked Do Correct as it is

area said, area, Said area, said Correct as it is

stunningly beautiful F expansive

homely pleasing identical

pronounced audible answer articulate

Despite the fluctuation, prices are back to their _____ level.

Having money can ____ a lot to some people.

mean average alleviate original

offense assist issue provide

pawn figurehead vend hawk

quell benefit perk

scammed seized created pleaded

spite feud companionship friendship

repulsive obnoxious neutral delightful

notorious translucent fabulous important

parse conjecture alleviate sign obtuse generic discerning ordinary

lucid opaque varied contemplative countenance inspiration ambition locomotion

Reading and Language Arts 1

Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

READING AND LANGUAGE ARTS 1

Which is a FACT in this passage?

The passage provides evidence that the Taj Mahal has

The best way to answer question 4 is to

The selection is mostly about

Reading and Language Arts 2

READING AND LANGUAGE ARTS 2

sprawl decline circle marketplace unfortunate surrounding progressive coincidental

Choose the best combination of the two sentences below.

Choose the best combination of the two sentences below.

READING AND LANGUAGE ARTS 2

Reading and Language Arts 3

Which of the following is the best way to write Sentence 1?

Which of the following is the best way to write Sentence 5?

after Sentence 6 after Sentence 7 after Sentence 8

4 Which of the following is the best way to write Sentence 6?

5 Which sentence best fills the blank below?