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Outline
1. Discussion of standard petroleum source rock anhydrous pyrolysis (RockEval6/TOC) response using a Bakken Fm example. 2. Characterization and challenges of shale gas reservoir RockEval6/TOC response using a Montney Fm example. 3. Quick look at shale oil potential using a Colorado Gp example. 4. Consider the broader shale oil opportunities in British Columbia.
Bakken Fm upper shale/middle mbr contact
SESW Sec. 13, T.23N.,R.56E. AHEL #1 H8 Nevins Richland County, MT
Key Points
SESW Sec. 13, T.23N.,R.56E. AHEL #1 H8 Nevins Richland County, MT
Anhydrous pyrolysis (RockEval 6/TOC) provides potentially useful information regarding: Petroleum and kerogen content and composition of shale reservoirs. Thermal maturity. Porosity and permeability. Reserves and resources. Reservoir energy (modeling) Play fairways. The material implications of RockEval6 parameters, especially volume, are important for the characterization and evolution of shale reservoirs. Bakken Fm upper shale/middle mbr contact
S1
Tmax
S2
S1
Tmax
S2
10
S1
Tmax
S2
11
12
The C pseudoTmax value provides a agrees well with observed thermal maturity from vitrinite reflectance.
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Oil resources in Colorado Group Coarse Clastics x10^6 m^3 Play/Interval # of pools disc. Reserve in place Total (UER in place) Viking 344 292.2 399.8 Cardium 379 1547.7 1976.2 White Specks 100 36.04 42.18 Duvengan 101 106.6 128.4 Belly River 171 323.3 360.1 Totals 1095 2305.84 2906.68
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Porosity
10 12 Pressure gradient
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20
600
2WS = 2.6 X1011 m3 crude oil generated Colorado Gp. sources OOIP = 3.5 X1011 m3 Crude oil generated
HI (mg/gm TOC)
400
200
0 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480
Tmax (oC)
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2WS OOIP from S1 Peak (80 km search radius). High S1 inferred proxy for high . Good correlation to the distribution of discovered pools (white). Areas in the Platform of comparable S1 values are not typically completed.
6 6.1
5.9
5 44 58 6 33 9 23 3 5 9 12 5 3 44 3 33 23 3 3
6 4 6 59 5 5 4 8 1
5.8
5.7
2WS OOIP = 7.3 X1010 m3 Colorado Gp. sources OOIP = 2.6 X1011 m3
0 1 2
5.6
2
12 12
5.5
8 5
1 4 5 x 10
5
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Colorado total petroleum system play 2ndWS Cardium Viking Belly R. 2ws Unconventional
x 10
In place oil volume
10
0 Undiscovered 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 Oil concentration 17.6 X1010 m3 in rocks <0.02 (currently inaccessible). 680 X106 m3 in rocks 0.03 < < 0.04 (potentially and probably accessible). 8 X106 m3 in rocks 0.05 < < 0.06 (accessible).
0.25
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Colorado Gp below Lewis Thrust sheet in S.E. B.C. has numerous seepages and shows on DST. Numerous indications for multiple potential horizons throughout the deep Interior Platform, Foothills and Front Range, especially in Fairholme to Alberta Group succession of the Fernie Basin and elsewhere. Ordovician and Silurian successions contain cherts have a good pedigree and they bleed oil during paleomagnetic sampling and analysis. Immense volumes of fine grained shales with good TOC and favourable RockEval6/TOC parameters with potential throughout the Intermontane Belt (Bowser and Nechako Basins, Whitehorse Trough, etc.) Crude oil and natural gas probably persist to higher temperatures than refinery cracking models suggest in clastic rocks.
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Conclusions
Anhydrous pyrolysis (RockEval 6/TOC) provides potentially useful information regarding shale reservoirs. The details of RockEval6 experiments should be considered instead of the common source rock S(x) parameters. The material characteristics of RockEval6 parameters are important volume-porosity-permeability indicators. Partition of natural gas among, free (intrinsic pore space) gas; solution gas; and adsorbed gas is not yet easily calibrated. RockEval 6/TOC, S1/TOC constrains potential resources, and outlines shale oil play fairways.
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