Add Math f4 Activity

Activity Sheet Lesson 1
Introduction to Relations
________________________________________________________________
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Given that set P = {1, 2, 3, 4} and set Q = {2, 4, 6, 8} and the relation is Q is
two times P. Represent the relation using;
a) An arrow diagram
b) Ordered pairs
c) A graph

SOLUTION:

1 Roszelan Majid
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2. The following arrow diagram shows a relation.

q
r n
p m
F G
i) Determine the domain, codomain and the range of relation.
ii) State the object of q.
iii) State the image of m.

SOLUTION:

3. The following set of ordered pairs shows a relation.
{(1, 1), (2, 4), (3, 9), (4, 16)}

i) Determine the domain, codomain and range of this relation.
ii) State the object of 9.
iii) State the image of 4.

SOLUTION:

2 Roszelan Majid
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4. The following graph shows a relation.

3 2
Set A
1
12
9
6
3
0
Set B
iii) State the images of 1.

SOLUTION:

5. State the type of relation for the following arrow diagram.

SOLUTION:

3
6
9
b
c
a
A B

3 Roszelan Majid
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6. State the type of relation for the following ordered pairs.
{(2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5)}

SOLUTION:

7. State the type of relation for the following graph.

SOLUTION:

18
17
16
4 3 2 1
15
0
8. The relation between set X and set Y is Y is the square root of X. Draw an
arrow diagram using any suitable objects and images. State the relation for
the two sets.

SOLUTION:

4 Roszelan Majid
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9. State the type of relation for the following cases. Draw the arrow diagram with
any suitable objects and images.
P = {Age of students}
Q = {Students in a class}

i) Set P is the domain and set Q is the range.
ii) Set Q is the domain and set P is the range.

SOLUTION:

5 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

1. Given that set P = {1, 2, 3, 4} and set Q = {2, 4, 6, 8} and the relation is Q is
two times P. Represent the relation using;
a) An arrow diagram
b) Ordered pairs
c) A graph

SOLUTION:
a)

2
4
6
8 4
3
2
1
P Q
b) {(1, 2), (2, 4), (3, 6), (4, 8)}

c)

4 2 3
Set P
1
2
4
6
8
Set Q
0

6 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
2. The following arrow diagram shows a relation.

q
r n
p m
F G
i) Determine the domain, codomain and the range of relation.
ii) State the object of q.
iii) State the image of m.

SOLUTION:
i) Domain = {m, n}
Codomain = {p, q, r}
Range = {p, q, r}
ii) Object of q is n.
iii) Image of m is p.

3. The following set of ordered pairs shows a relation.
{(1, 1), (2, 4), (3, 9), (4, 16)}

iii) State the image of 4.

SOLUTION:
i) Domain = {1, 2, 3, 4}
Codomain = {1, 4, 9, 16}
Range = {1, 4, 9, 16}
ii) Object of 9 is 3.
iii) Image of 4 is 16.

7 Roszelan Majid
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4. The following graph shows a relation.

3 2
Set A
1
12
9
6
3
0
Set B
iii) State the images of 1.

SOLUTION:
i) Domain = {1, 2, 3}
Codomain = {3, 6, 9, 12}
Range = {3, 6, 9, 12}
ii) Object of 12 is 3.
iii) Images of 1 are 3 and 6.

5. State the type of relation for the following arrow diagram.

SOLUTION:
one-to-one.

3
6
9
b
c
a
A B

8 Roszelan Majid
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6. State the type of relation for the following ordered pairs.
{(2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5)}

SOLUTION:
one-to-many.

7. State the type of relation for the following graph.

SOLUTION:
many-to-one.

18
17
16
4 3 2 1
15
0
8. The relation between set X and set Y is Y is the square root of X. Draw an
arrow diagram using any suitable objects and images. State the relation for
the two sets.

SOLUTION:

The type of relation is one-to-many.

2
2
3
3
9
4
X Y

9 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
9. State the type of relation for the following cases. Draw the arrow diagram with
any suitable objects and images.
P = {Age of students}
Q = {Students in a class}


SOLUTION:

Ram
Chong
Diana 15
John 14
P Q
The type of relation is one-to-many.


15
Chong
Diana
Ram
14 John
P Q
The type of relation is many -to-one.

10 Roszelan Majid
Concept of a Function
________________________________________________________________
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Determine whether each of the following relations are functions. Give a
reason for your answer.

(a)

______________________________________________________

(b)

_____________________________________________________


(a) Ordered pairs of function f = {(2,3), (1,4), (0,4), (1,5)}.

________________________________________________

(b) Ordered pairs of function f = {(a,a), (b,b), (c,c)}.

________________________________________________

1 Roszelan Majid
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(e)

_____________________________________________________

(f)

__________________________________________________

2 Roszelan Majid
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4.

3 Roszelan Majid
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(a)

It is not a function because object b has two images, m and o.

(b)

It is a function because every object has only one image.


(a) Ordered pairs of function f = {(2,3), (1,4), (0,4), (1,5)}.

(b) Ordered pairs of function f = {(a,a), (b,b), (c,c)}.


(a)

It is not a function because object c has no image.

(b)


4 Roszelan Majid
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4. Complete the following function notations based on the respective
representations.

(a)

(i) d (3) = 9 (ii) d( 2 ) = 4

(iii) d( 2 ) = 4 (iv) d(x) = x
2

(b) Ordered pairs of function g = {(4,2),(3,1.5),(2,1)}

(i) g (3) = 1.5 (ii) g ( 4 ) = 2

(iii) g (x) =
2
x

(c)

(i) (i) f(8) = 2

(ii) (ii) f( 0 )=0

(iii) (iii) f(x) =
3
x

5 Roszelan Majid
Range of function
________________________________________________________________
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Determine the domain, objects, images and range for each of the following
functions.

(a) h: x 2cos x

x 2cos x

90 -1

120 0

240 1

270

(b) Ordered pairs of functions
f : x -
2
x
= {( -1,
2
1
), (2, -1), (4, -2)}

(c) p(x) = -x

-2 -1 0 1 2
-1

2

- 3

- 4

1 Roszelan Majid
Range of function
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SOLUTION:

2. Sketch the graph of function d(x) = 2x 4in the domain -3 0 x .

2 Roszelan Majid
Range of function
________________________________________________________________
Then determine the range of the function.

SOLUTION:

3 Roszelan Majid
Range of function
________________________________________________________________
1. Determine the domain, objects, images and range for each of the following
functions.

(a) h: x 2cos x

x 2cos x

90 -1

120 0

240 1

270

(b) Ordered pairs of functions
f : x -
2
x
= {( -1,
2
1
), (2, -1), (4, -2)}

(c) p(x) = -x

p(x)

-2 -1 0 1 2
-1

2

- 3

- 4
x

4 Roszelan Majid
Range of function
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SOLUTION:
a) Domain = {90, 120, 240, 270}.
Objects are 90, 120, 240 and 270
Images are 1 and 0
Range = {1, 0}

b) Domain = {1, 2, 4}.
Objects are 1, 2 and 4.
Images are 2, 1 and
2
1

Range = {2, 1 and
2
1
}

c) Domain = {2, 1, 0, 1, 2}.
Objects are 2, 1, 0, 1 and 2
Images are 4, 1 and 0
Range = {4, 1 and 0}

5 Roszelan Majid
Range of function
________________________________________________________________
2. Sketch the graph of function d(x) = 2x 4in the domain -3 0 x .
Then determine the range of the function.

SOLUTION:

x 3 2 1 0
d(x) 10 8 6 4

d(x)

10
8
6
4
0 1 2 3
x

6 Roszelan Majid
Determine the image of a function given the object and vice
versa
________________________________________________________________
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Given h (x) =
x
12
2 for x 0. Find the images when x = 1, 2 and 4

SOLUTION:

1 Roszelan Majid
versa
________________________________________________________________
2. Given f (x) = 4 x. Find the object for the images 3 and 0

SOLUTION :

2 Roszelan Majid
versa
________________________________________________________________
3. Given g (x) = 2 cos x for 0 x 90. Find the object for the image 2

SOLUTION:

3 Roszelan Majid
versa
________________________________________________________________
4. Given f (x) = 2x + 3. Find

a) the images of

i) x = 1
ii) x = 3

b) the objects of 5

SOLUTION:

4 Roszelan Majid
versa
________________________________________________________________
1. Given h (x) =
x
12
2 for x 0. Find the images when x = 1, 2 and 4

SOLUTION:

(a) x = 1
h (x) =
1
12
2

= 12 2
= - 14

(b) x = 2
h (x) =
2
12
2

= 6 2
= 4

(c) x = 4
h (x) =
4
12
2

= 3 2
= 1

2. Given f (x) = 4 x. Find the object for the images 3 and 0

SOLUTION

(a) f (x) = 3 (b) f (x) = 0

3 = 4 x 0 = 4 x
x = 4 + 3 x = 4 0
x = 7 x = 4

3. Given g (x) = 2 cos x for 0 x 90. Find the object for the image 2

5 Roszelan Majid
versa
________________________________________________________________

SOLUTION 3

g (x) = 2

2 = 2 cos x
cos x =
2
2

cos x = 1
x = cos
(1)
x = 0

4. Given f (x) = -2x + 3. Find

a) the images of

i) x = 1
ii) x = 3

b) the objects of 5

SOLUTION:

(a) i) x =1 ii) x =1

f (1) = 2(1) +3 f (3) = 2(3) +3
= 2 + 3 = 6 + 3
= 1 = 3
= 3

(b) f (x) = 2x +3 and 2x + 3 = 5
2x +3= 5 2x = 5 3
( 2x + 3) = 5 2x = 2
2x = 8 x = 1
x = 4

6 Roszelan Majid
Composite Functions.
________________________________________________________________

Name:
Class: Date:

1. Given f(x) = 3x 6 and g(x) = 6x + 1. Find
a) fg
b) gf
c) ff
d) g
2

e) fg(0)
f) fg(1)
g) gf(
2
1
)
h) g
2
(2)
i) x given gf(x) = 3
j) x given g
2
(x) = 2

Solution:

1
Roszelan Majid
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2
Roszelan Majid
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2. Given f(x) =
9
4 2 + x
for 2 x 2 and g(x) = x + 2.
a) Find
(i) fg
(ii) gf

b) Find the range of
(i) fg
(ii) gf

Solution:

3
Roszelan Majid
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4
Roszelan Majid
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1. Given f(x) = 3x 6 and g(x) = 6x + 1. Find
k) fg
l) gf
m) ff
n) g
2

o) fg(0)
p) fg(1)
q) gf(
2
1
)
r) g
2
(2)
s) x given gf(x) = 3
t) x given g
2
(x) = 2

Solution:
a) fg(x) = f[g(x)]
= f(6x +1)
= 3(6x + 1) 6
= 18x + 3 6
= 18x 3
fg(x) = 18x 3

b) gf(x) = g[f(x)]
= g(3x 6)
= 6(3x 6) + 1
= 18x 36 + 1
= 18x 35
gf(x) = 18x 35

5
Roszelan Majid
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c) ff(x) = f[f(x)]
= f(3x 6)
= 3(3x 6) 6
= 9x 18 6
= 9x 24
ff(x) = 9x 24

d) g
2
(x) = gg(x)
= g[g(x)]
= g(6x + 1)
= 6(6x+1) +1
= 36x + 6 +1
= 36x + 7
g
2
(x) = 36x + 7

e) fg(0) = 18x 3
= 18(0) 3
= 3

f) fg(1) = 18(x) 3
= 18(1) 3
= 18 3
= 21

g) gf(
2
1
) = 18x 35
= 18(
2
1
) 35
= 9 35
= 26

6
Roszelan Majid
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h) g
2
(2) = 36x + 7
= 36(2) + 7
= 72 + 7
= 65

i) gf(x) = 3
18x 35 = 3
18x = 3 + 35
18x = 38
x =
18
38

=
9
1
2

j) g
2
(x) = 2
36x + 7 = 2
36x = 2 7
36x = 9
x =
36
9

=
4
1

7
Roszelan Majid
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2. Given f(x) =
9
4 2 + x
for 2 x 2 and g(x) = x + 2.
b) Find
(iii)fg
(iv) gf

c) Find the range of
(iii)fg
(iv) gf

Solution:
a)
(i) fg(x) = f(x + 2)
=
9
4 ) 2 ( 2 + + x

=
9
4 4 2 + + x

fg(x) =
9
8 2 + x

(ii) gf(x) = f(
9
4 2 + x
)
=
9
4 2 + x
+ 2
=
9
18 4 2 + + x

gf(x) =
9
22 2 + x

b)
(i) To find the range of fg, substitute x = 2 and x = 2 into fg(x)
fg(2) =
9
8 ) 2 ( 2 +

=
9
8 4 +

8
Roszelan Majid
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=
9
12

=
3
4

fg(2) =
9
8 ) 2 ( 2 +

=
9
8 4 +

=
9
4

=
9
4

The range of fg is
9
4
fg(x)
3
4

(ii) To find the range of gf, substitute x = 2 and x = 2 into gf(x)
gf(2) =
9
22 ) 2 ( 2 +

=
9
8
2
gf(2) =
9
22 ) 2 ( 2 +

= 2
The range of gf is 2 gf(x)
9
8
2

9
Roszelan Majid
Image of a Composite Function
________________________________________________________________
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Given gf : x2x
2
+ 1 and g : xx +1, determine the function of f(x).

Solution:

2. Given gf : x8x 9 and f : xx + 4, determine the function of g(x).

Solution:

1 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
3. If fg : x 1
8
7
+ x and f : x 1
8
1
x , what is the function of g(x)?

Solution:

2 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

1. Given gf : x2x
2
+ 1 and g : xx +1, determine the function of f(x).

Solution:
Given gf : x2x
2
+ 1 g : xx + 1
gf(x) = 2x
2
+ 1 g(x) = x + 1
When we write the composite function in the form of g, we will get
g[f(x)] = 2x
2
+ 1
When we apply the rule of g
f(x) + 1 = 2x
2
+ 1
We will get,
f(x) = 2x
2

2. Given gf : x8x 9 and f : xx + 4, determine the function of g(x).

Solution:
Given gf : x8x 9 g : xx + 4
gf(x) = 8x 9 g(x) = x + 4
When we write the composite function in the form of g, we will get
g[f(x)] = 8x 9
When we apply the rule of f
g(x + 4) = 8x 9
Let y = x + 4, therefore x = y 4
g(y) = 8x 9
= 8(y 4) 9
= 8y 32 9
= 8y 41
So g(y) = 8y 41
Replacing y with x,
g(x) = 8x 41

3 Roszelan Majid
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3. If fg : x 1
8
7
+ x and f : x 1
8
1
x , what is the function of g(x)?

Solution:
Given fg : x 1
8
7
+ x f : x 1
8
1
x
fg(x) = 1
8
7
+ x f(x) = 1
8
1
x
When we write the composite function in the form of f, we will get
f[g(x)] = 1
8
1
x
When we apply the rule of f
1 ) (
8
1
x g = 1
8
7
+ x
And make the necessary calculation,

1 ) (
8
1
x g = 1
8
7
+ x
1 1 ) (
8
1
+ x g = 1 1
8
7
+ + x
) (
8
1
8 x g = 8 ) 2
8
7
( + x
We will get,
g(x) = 7x + 16

4 Roszelan Majid
Finding the object by Inverse mapping given its image and
function
________________________________________________________________

Name:
Class: Date:

1. Use the method of inverse mapping to find the corresponding objects of
images, for each of the given functions below
a) f : x 5x + 2
Images 6 and 4.

b) h : x 2x + 9
Images 0 and 5.

SOLUTION:

1
Roszelan Majid
function
________________________________________________________________

2. Given d(x) =
x
x 2
where x 0. Find (i) d
1
(2) (ii) d
1
(3).

SOLUTION:

2
Roszelan Majid
function
________________________________________________________________

3. Given g(x) =
1
1 2
+
x
x
where x 1. Find (i) g
1
(1) (ii) g
1
(5)

SOLUTION:

3
Roszelan Majid
function
________________________________________________________________

1. Use the method of inverse mapping to find the corresponding objects of
images, for each of the given functions below
a) f : x 5x + 2
Images 6 and 4.

b) h : x 2x + 9
Images 0 and 5.

SOLUTION:
a) Image is 6
5x + 2 = 6
5x = 6 2 = 8
x =
5
8

x =
5
8
or
5
3
1
Therefore the object for 6 is
5
8
or
5
3
1 .
Image is 4
5x + 2 = 4
5x = 4 2 = 2
x =
5
2

5
2
.
b) Image is 0
2x + 9 = 0
2x = 9
x =
2
9

x =
2
9
or
2
1
4
2
9
or
2
1
4 .
Image is 5
2x + 9 = 5
2x = 5 9 = 4
x =
2
4
= 2
Therefore the object for 5 is 2.
4
Roszelan Majid
function
________________________________________________________________

2. Given d(x) =
x
x 2
where x 0. Find (i) d
1
(2) (ii) d
1
(3).

SOLUTION:
(i) Find d
1
(2)
Let d
1
(2) = x
d(x) = 2
x
x 2
= 2
x 2 = 2x
x + 2x = 2
3x = 2
x =
3
2

d
1
(2) =
3
2

(ii) Find d
1
(3)
Let d
1
(3) = x
d(x) = 3
x
x 2
= 3
x 2 = 3x
3x x = 2
2x = 2
x =
2
2
= 1
d
1
(3) = 1

5
Roszelan Majid
function
________________________________________________________________

3. Given g(x) =
1
1 2
+
x
x
where x 1. Find (i) g
1
(1) (ii) g
1
(5)

SOLUTION:
(i) Find g
1
(1)
Let g
1
(1) = x
g(x) = 1
1
1 2
+
x
x
= 1
2x 1 = x + 1
2x x = 1 + 1
x = 2
g
1
(1) = 2

(ii) Find g
1
(5)
Let g
1
(5) = x
g(x) = 5
1
1 2
+
x
x
= 5
2x 1 = 5x + 5
2x 5x = 5 + 1
3x = 6
x =
3
6
= 2
g
1
(5) = 2

6
Roszelan Majid
Determining the Inverse Function Using Algebra
________________________________________________________________

Name:
Class: Date:

1. Find the inverse of the following functions.
a) f(x) = 3x
b) h(x) = 2x 5
c) g(x) = 7x + 14
d) p(x) =
3
10 2 + x

e) q(x) =
2
2 3 x

f) f(x) =
4 3
7
+ x
where x
3
4

g) h(x) =
x 2
5
where x 0
h) f(x) =
1 4
3
x
where x
4
1

SOLUTION:

1
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

f(x) = 2.
5
3 x

f
1
(x) = 3 ______

OLUTION:
. f(x) = 2x 6

S

3
f
1
(x) =
_____
__ x __

OLUTION:

S

2
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

4. f(x) =
1
1 3
x
x

f
1
(x) =
_____
____ x

SOLUTION:

5. f(x) = 3x 11
f
1
(x) =
_____
____ + x

SOLUTION:

3
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

1. Find the inverse of the following functions.
i) f(x) = 3x
j) h(x) = 2x 5
k) g(x) = 7x + 14
l) p(x) =
3
10 2 + x

m) q(x) =
2
2 3 x

n) f(x) =
4 3
7
+ x
where x
3
4

o) h(x) =
x 2
5
where x 0
p) f(x) =
1 4
3
x
where x
4
1

SOLUTION:
a) let f(x) = y
y = 3x
x =
3
y

f
1
(y) =
3
y

f
1
(x) =
3
x

b) let h(x) = y
y = 2x 5
2x = y + 5
x =
2
5 + y

h
1
(y) =
2
5 + y

h
1
(x) =
2
5 + x

4
Roszelan Majid
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c) let g(x) = y
y = 7x + 14
7x = 14 y
x =
7
14 y

g
1
(y) =
7
14 y

g
1
(x) =
7
14 x

d) let p(x) = y
y =
3
10 2 + x

3y = 2x + 10
2x = 3y 10
x =
2
10 3 y

p
1
(y) =
2
10 3 y

p
1
(x) =
2
10 3 x

e) let q(x) = y
y =
2
2 3 x

2y = 3x 2
3x = 2y 2
x =
3
2 2 y

q
1
(y) =
3
2 2 y

q
1
(x) =
3
2 2 x

5
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

f) let f(x) = y
y =
4 3
7
+ x

3xy + 4y = 7
3xy = 7 4y
x =
y
y
3
4 7

f
1
(y) =
y
y
3
4 7

f
1
(x) =
x
x
3
4 7

g) let h(x) = y
y =
x 2
5

2xy = 5
x =
y 2
5

h
1
(y) =
y 2
5

h
1
(x) =
x 2
5

h) let f(x) = y
y =
1 4
3
x

4xy y = 3
4xy = y 3
x =
y
y
4
3

f
1
(y) =
y
y
4
3

f
1
(x) =
x
x
4
3

6
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

2. f(x) =
5
3 x

f
1
(x) = 3 ______

SOLUTION:
f(x) =
5
3 x

y =
5
3 x

5y = 3 x
x = 3 5y
f
1
(x) = 3 5x

3. f(x) = 2x 6
f
1
(x) =
_____
____ x

SOLUTION:

f(x) = 2x 6
y = 2x 6
2x = y 6
x =
2
6 y

f
1
(x) =
2
6 x

7
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

4. f(x) =
1
1 3
x
x

f
1
(x) =
_____
____ x

SOLUTION:

f(x) =
1
1 3
x
x

y =
1
1 3
x
x

xy y = 3x 1
xy 3x = y 1
x(y 3) = y 1
x =
3
1
y
y

f
1
(x) =
3
1
x
x

5. f(x) = 3x 11
f
1
(x) =
_____
____ + x

SOLUTION:

f(x) = 3x 11
y = 3x 11
3x = y + 11
x =
3
11 + y

f
1
(x) =
3
11 + x

8
Roszelan Majid
Determining the condition of an inverse function
________________________________________________________________
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Determine whether the following functions have an inverse. Give a reason
for your answer.
(a)
0
f(x)

x

______________________________________________________

g(x) (b)

0

x

_____________________________________________________

1 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

(c)
a
b
c
u
v
B A

____________________________________________________________

(d)
w
x
y
p
r
q
Q P

____________________________________________________________

(e) {(1, 3), (2, 3), (3, 7)}

____________________________________________________________

(f) {(6, 2), (7, 32), (8, 42)}

____________________________________________________________

(g) f : x t x
2
+ 3

____________________________________________________________

(h) p(x) =
5
3 2 + x

____________________________________________________________

2 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
Determine whether the following functions have an inverse. Give a reason for
your answer.
(a)
0
f(x)

x

Has an inverse because it is a one-to-one function.

g(x) (b)

0

x

No inverse because it is a many-to-one function.

(c)
a
b
c
u
v
B A


3 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
(d)
w
x
y
p
r
q
Q P


(e) {(1, 3), (2, 3), (3, 7)}


(f) {(6, 2), (7, 32), (8, 42)}


(g) f : x t x
2
+ 3


(h) p(x) =
5
3 2 + x


4 Roszelan Majid
Recognising a Quadratic Equation
________________________________________________________________

Name:
Class: Date:

1. Which of the following is the general form of a quadratic equation?
A) ax
2
+ bxy + c = 0, (x is a variable, a, b and c are real numbers and a 0)
B) ax
2
+ bx + c = 0, (x is a variable, a, b and c are real numbers and a 0)
C) ax
3
+ bx
2
+ cx + d = 0, (x is a variable, a, b, c and d are real numbers and
a 0)
D) ax + b = 0, (x is a variable, a and b are real numbers and a 0)

SOLUTION:

2. Is
7
1
x 10x
2
= 4 a quadratic equation?

SOLUTION:

3. Is the following expression a quadratic equation?
x
2
+
11
7
x 18 = 5y

SOLUTION:

1 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

3x
2
x 18 < 0

SOLUTION:

1. Which of the following is the general form of a quadratic equation?

2 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
A) ax
2
+ bxy + c = 0, (x is a variable, a, b and c are real numbers and a 0)
B) ax
2
C) ax
3
+ bx
2
+ cx + d = 0, (x is a variable, a, b, c and d are real numbers and
a 0)
D) ax + b = 0, (x is a variable, a and b are real numbers and a 0)

SOLUTION:
B) ax
2

2. Is
7
1
x 10x
2
= 4 a quadratic equation?

SOLUTION:
First, we rewrite the expression as follows:
10x
2
+
7
1
x 4 = 0
We know the expression is an equation.
It involves only one variable, which is x.
Powers of the variable are 1 and 2, which are positive integers and the
highest power is 2.
Therefore,
7
1
x 10x
2
= 4 is a quadratic equation.

x
2
+
11
7
x 18 = 5y

SOLUTION:
First, we rewrite the expression as follows:
x
2
+
11
7
x 18 5y = 0
We know the expression is an equation.
It involves two variables, x and y.
Therefore, x
2
+
11
7
x 18 = 5y is not a quadratic equation.


3 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
3x
2
x 18 < 0

SOLUTION:
Note that this is an inequality, therefore 3x
2
x 18 < 0 is not a quadratic
equation.

4 Roszelan Majid
Determining the roots of a quadratic equation by substituting
________________________________________________________________

Name:
Class: Date:

1. Determine if x = 2 is the root of this quadratic equation,
2x
2
+ 16x + 10 = 106.

SOLUTION:

2. Determine if x = 5 is the root of this quadratic equation, x
2
10x + 35 = 10.

SOLUTION:

1
Roszelan Majid
Determining the roots of a quadratic equation by substituting
________________________________________________________________

1. Determine if x = 2 is the root of this quadratic equation,
2x
2
+ 16x + 10 = 106.

SOLUTION:
To determine:
1. Substitute x = 2 into the equation.
2. Determine whether the value on the LHS = value on the RHS.
Left-hand side = 2x
2
+ 16x + 10
= 2(2)
2
+ 16(2) + 10
= 2(4) + 32 + 10
= 8 + 42
= 50
Right-hand side
Since LHS RHS, hence x = 2 is not a root of the equation.

2. Determine if x = 5 is the root of this quadratic equation, x
2
10x + 35 = 10.

SOLUTION:
To determine:
1. Substitute x = 5 into the equation.
2. Determine whether the value on the LHS = value on the RHS.
Left-hand side = x
2
10x + 35
= (5)
2
10(5) + 35
= 25 50 + 35
= 10
= Right-hand side
Since LHS = RHS, hence x = 5 is a root of the equation.

2
Roszelan Majid
Determining roots of quadratic equations by inspection
________________________________________________________________

Name:
Class: Date:

1. From the list below choose the correct roots of the equation (x + 5)(x 2) = 0.

SOLUTION
a) For , 5 = x 2

c) For = x
5 = x
,

b) For ,

d) For
2
5
= x ,

2. Determine the roots of 0 ) 3 )( 7 ( = + + x x by inspection.
SOLUTION:
For , 7 = x

For 3 = x ,

1
Roszelan Majid
Determining roots of quadratic equations by inspect
__________________________________________

ion
______________________

2

= x
0 0
0 ) 7 )( 0 (
0 ) 2 5 )( 5 5 (
0 ) 2 )( 5 (
=
=
= +
1. From the list below choose the correct roots of the equation (x + 5)(x 2) = 0.

SOLUTION
A) For , 5
= + x x

So it is a root.
C) For 2 = x ,
0 12
0 ) 4 )( 3 (
0 ) 2 2 )( 5 2 (
0 ) 2 )( 5 (

=
= +
= + x x

So it is not a root.
B) For , 5 = x
0 30
0 ) 3 )( 10 (
0 ) 2 5 )( 5 5 (
0 ) 2 )( 5 (
=
= +
= + x x

D) For
2
5
= x ,
0
4
15
0 )
2
1
)(
2
15
(
0 ) 2
2
5
)( 5
2
5
(
0 ) 2 )( 5 (
=
= +
= + x x


2. Determine the roots of 0 ) 3 )( 7 ( = + + x x by inspection.
SOLUTION:
For , 7 = x
0 ) 4 )( 0 (
0 ) 3 7 )( 7 7 (
0 ) 3 )( 7 (
=
= + +
= + + x x

So is a root. 7 = x
For 3 = x ,
0 ) 0 )( 4 (
0 ) 3 3 )( 7 3 (
0 ) 3 )( 7 (
=
= + +
= + + x x

So 3 = x is a root.

Roszelan Majid
Determining roots of quadratic equations by trial and
improvement
________________________________________________________________

Name:
Class: Date:

1. Find the roots of the following equations.
a) x
2
+ x 6 = 0
b) x
2
16 = 0
c) 6x
2
+ 42x 60 = 0

Solution:

1
Roszelan Majid
Determining roots of quadratic equations by trial and
improvement
________________________________________________________________

1. Find the roots of the following equations.
a) x
2
+ x 6 = 0
b) x
2
16 = 0
c) 6x
2
+ 42x 60 = 0

Solution:
a) x = 3
x
2
+ x 6 = (3)
2
+ (3) 6
= 9 3 6
= 9 9
= 0
x = 2
x
2
+ x 6 = (2)
2
+ (2) 6
= 4 + 2 6
= 6 6
= 0
The roots of x
2
+ x 6 are 3 and 2.

b) x = 4
x
2
16 = (4)
2
16
= 16 16
= 0
x = 4
x
2
16 = (4)
2
16
= 16 16
= 0
The roots of x
2
16 are 4 and 4.

c) x = 5
6x
2
+ 42x 60 = 6(5)
2
+ 42(5) 60
= 6(25) + 210 60
= 150 + 150
= 0
x = 2
6x
2
+ 42x 60 = 6(2)
2
+ 42(2) 60
= 6(4) + 84 60
= 24 + 24
= 0
The roots of 6x
2
+ 42x 60 are 5 and 2.

2
Roszelan Majid
Determining the roots of quadratic equations by factorization
________________________________________________________________
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Find the roots of the quadratic equation.
x(6x + 5) = 4?

1 Roszelan Majid
Determining the roots of quadratic equations by factorization
________________________________________________________________

1. Find the roots of the quadratic equation.
x(6x + 5) = 4?

SOLUTION:
x(6x + 5) = 4
6x
2
+ 5x = 4
6x
2
+ 5x 4 = 0
(2x 1)(3x + 4) = 0

2x 1 = 0 or 3x + 4 = 0
x =
2
1
or x =
3
4

Hence, x =
2
1
and x =
3
4
are the roots of the equation.

2 Roszelan Majid
Determining roots of quadratic equation by completing the
square
________________________________________________________________

Name:
Class: Date:

QUESTION 1
(a) x
2
2x 1 = 0

SOLUTION:

(b) x
2
10x + 5 = 0

SOLUTION:

1
Roszelan Majid
square
________________________________________________________________

(c) x
2
= 3(x + 2)

SOLUTION:

(d) 2p
2
+ 5p 6 = 0

SOLUTION:

2
Roszelan Majid
square
________________________________________________________________

(e) 6x
2
+ 7x = 3

SOLUTION:

(f) 8x = 12x
2
5

SOLUTION:

3
Roszelan Majid
square
________________________________________________________________

QUESTION 1
(a) x
2
2x 1 = 0

SOLUTION:
x
2
2x = 1
x
2
2x + (
2
2
)
2
= 1 + (
2
2
)
2
(x 1)
2
= 1 + 1
(x 1)
2
= 2
x 1 = 2
x 1 = 1.4142
x = 1 + 1.4142 or x = 1 1.4142
= 2.4142 = 0.4142
The solutions are 2.4142 and 0.4142.

(f) x
2
10x + 5 = 0

SOLUTION:
x
2
10x + 5 = 0
x
2
10x = 5
x
2
10x + (
2
10
)
2
= 5 + (
2
10
)
2
(x 5)
2
= 5 + (5)
2
(x 5)
2
= 20
x 5 = 20
x 5 = 4.4721
x = 5 + 4.4721 or x = 5 4.4721
= 9.4721 = 0.5279

(g) x
2
= 3(x + 2)

SOLUTION:
x
2
= 3(x + 2)
x
2
= 3x + 6
x
2
3x 6 = 0
x
2
3x = 6
x
2
3x + (
2
3
)
2
= 6 + (
2
3
)
2
(x
2
3
)
2
= 6 +
4
9

(x
2
3
)
2
=
4
33

x
2
3
=
4
33

4
Roszelan Majid
square
________________________________________________________________

x
2
3
= 2.8723
x
2
3
= 2.8723 or x
2
3
= 2.8723
x =
2
3
+ 2.8723 x =
2
3
2.8723
= 1.5 + 2.8723 = 1.5 2.8723
= 4.3723 = 1.3723

(h) 2p
2
+ 5p 6 = 0

SOLUTION:
2p
2
+ 5p 6 = 0
p
2
+
2
5
p 3 = 0
p
2
+
2
5
p = 3
p
2
+
2
5
p + (
2
2
5
)
2
= 3 + (
2
2
5
)
2
(p +
4
5
)
2
= 3 +
16
25

(p +
4
5
)
2
=
16
73

p +
4
5
=
16
73

p +
4
5
= 2.1360
p + 1.25 = 2.1360 or p + 1.25 = 2.1360
p = 1.25 + 2.1360 p = 1.25 2.1360
= 0.8860 = 3.3860

(i) 6x
2
+ 7x = 3

SOLUTION:
6x
2
+ 7x = 3
6x
2
+ 7x 3 = 0
x
2
+
6
7
x
6
3
= 0
x
2
+
6
7
x
2
1
= 0
x
2
+
6
7
x =
2
1

x
2
+
6
7
x + (
2
6
7
)
2
=
2
1
+ (
2
6
7
)
2
(x +
12
7
)
2
=
144
121

x +
12
7
=
144
121

5
Roszelan Majid
square
________________________________________________________________

x +
12
7
=
12
11

x +
12
7
=
12
11
or x +
12
7
=
12
11

x =
12
7
+
12
11
x =
12
7

12
11

= 0.3333 =
12
18

= 1.5

(f) 8x = 12x
2
5

SOLUTION:
8x = 12x
2
5
12x
2
8x 5 = 0
x
2

12
8
x
12
5
= 0
x
2

3
2
x
12
5
= 0
x
2

3
2
x =
12
5

x
2

3
2
x + (
2
3
2
)
2
=
12
5
+ (
2
3
2
)
2

(x
3
1
)
2
=
36
19

x
3
1
=
36
19

x
3
1
= 0.7265
x = 0.3333 + 0.7265 or x = 0.3333 0.7265
= 1.0598 = 0.3932

6
Roszelan Majid
Determining roots of quadratic equations by using a formula
________________________________________________________________

Name:
Class: Date:

1. Solve the following equation by using the formula.
(x 2)(x + 1) = 3x 4

Solution:

2. If x = 2 is a root of the quadratic equation below, find the value of t and the
other root using the formula.
x
2
+ tx 6t = 0

Solution:

1
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

1. Solve the following equation by using the formula.
(x 2)(x + 1) = 3x 4

Solution:
(x 2)(x + 1) = 3x 4
x
2
x 2 = 3x 4
x
2
4x + 2 = 0

a
ac b b
x
2
4
2

=
) 1 ( 2
) 2 )( 1 ( 4 ) 4 ( ) 4 (
2

= x
2
8 16 4
= x
2
8 4
= x
2
2 2 4
= x
2 2 = x
x = 2 + 1.414 or x = 2 1.414
x = 3.414 or x = 0.586

2. If x = 2 is a root of the quadratic equation below, find the value of t and
the other root using the formula.
x
2
+ tx 6t = 0

Solution:
Since x = 2 is a root, then it satisfies the equation, substitute x = 2 into the
equation.
x
2
+ tx 6t = 0
(2)
2
+ t(2) 6t = 0
4 2t 6t = 0
4 8t = 0
8t = 4
t =
2
1

2
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

Therefore, x
2
+
2
1
x 6(
2
1
) = 0
2x
2
+ x 6 = 0
To find the other root,
a = 2, b = 1 and c = 6.
a
ac b b
x
2
4
2

=
) 2 ( 2
) 6 )( 2 ( 4 ) 1 ( ) 1 (
2

= x
4
) 48 ( 1 1
= x
4
48 1 1 +
= x
4
49 1
= x
4
7 1
= x
4
7 1+
= x or
4
7 1
= x
4
6
= x or
4
8
= x
2
1
1 = x or 2 = x

3
Roszelan Majid
Determine roots of a quadratic equation
________________________________________________________________

Name:
Class: Date:

1. If 2 and
3
1
are the roots of a quadratic equation, what is the quadratic
equation?

SOLUTION:

2. Let p and q be the roots of the quadratic equation 3x
2
+ 12x 6 = 0. Form a
quadratic equation with roots (p + 1) and (q + 1).

SOLUTION:

1
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

1. If 2 and
3
1
are the roots of a quadratic equation, what is the quadratic
equation?

SOLUTION:
1
st
way:
First, we form the factorised form of the quadratic equation by using the roots.
x = 2 and x =
3
1
are the roots.
(x 2)(x (
3
1
)) = (x 2)(x +
3
1
)
Then, we multiply the factors.
(x 2)(x +
3
1
) = x
2
+
3
1
x 2x
3
2

= x
2

3
5x

3
2

Quadratic equation: x
2

3
5x

3
2
= 0
3x
2
5x 2 = 0

2
nd
way:
x
2
(sum of roots)x + (product of roots) = 0
sum of roots = p + q
= 2
3
1

=
3
5

product of roots = p q
= 2 (
3
1
)
=
3
2

x
2
x
2
(
3
5
)x + (
3
2
) = 0
x
2

3
5
x
3
2
= 0
3x
2
5x 2 = 0

2. Let p and q be the roots of the quadratic equation 3x
2
+ 12x 6 = 0. Form a
quadratic equation with roots (p + 1) and (q + 1).

SOLUTION:
First, rewrite the quadratic equation in the following format.
x
2
3x
2
+ 12x 6 = 0 x
2
(4)x 2 = 0
Then, sum of roots = p + q
2
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

= 4
product of roots = p q
= 2
ets form a quadratic equation with roots (p + 1)(q + 1):
x [(p + 1)(q + 1)]x + [(p + 1)(q + 1)] = 0
x (p + q + 2)x + (pq + p + q + 1) = 0
ubstitute p + q = 4 and pq = 2 in the above equation.
hen, we get:
x
2
(4 + 2)x + (2 + 4 + 1) = 0
x + 2x 5 = 0

L

2
x

2

2

S

T

2

3
Roszelan Majid
Discriminants of a quadratic equation:
________________________________________________________________

Name:
Class: Date:

1. Determine the type of roots in this quadratic equation.
x
2
+ 3x + 7 = 0

SOLUTION:

2x
2
+ 5x + 4 = 0

SOLUTION:

1
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

4x
2
20x + 25 = 0

SOLUTION:

3
2
x
2
+
6
5
x +
7
1
= 0

SOLUTION:

2
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

3 x
2
+ 5 x + 15 = 0

SOLUTION:

ax
2
+ (2a + 3)x + a + 3 = 0

SOLUTION:

3
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

x
2
+ 3x + 7 = 0

SOLUTION:
x
2
+ 3x + 7 = 0
b
2
4ac = (3)
2
4(1)(7)
= 9 28
= 19
b
2
4ac < 0 no roots.

2x
2
+ 5x + 4 = 0

SOLUTION:
2x
2
+ 5x + 4 = 0
b
2
4ac = (5)
2
4(2)(4)
= 25 + 32
= 57
b
2
4ac > 0 two different roots.

4x
2
20x + 25 = 0

SOLUTION:
4x
2
20x + 25 = 0
b
2
4ac = (20)
2
4(4)(25)
= 400 400
= 0
b
2
4ac = 0 two equal roots.

3
2
x
2
+
6
5
x +
7
1
= 0

SOLUTION:
3
2
x
2
+
6
5
x +
7
1
= 0
b
2
4ac = (
6
5
)
2
4(
3
2
)(
7
1
)
=
36
25
+
21
8

=
252
79

b
2

4
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

3 x
2
+ 5 x + 15 = 0

SOLUTION:
3 x
2
+ 5 x + 15 = 0
b
2
4ac = ( 5 )
2
4( 3 )( 15 )
= 5 12 5
= 5 26.833
= 21.833
b
2
4ac < 0 no real roots.

ax
2
+ (2a + 3)x + a + 3 = 0

SOLUTION:
ax
2
+ (2a + 3)x + a + 3 = 0
b
2
4ac = (2a + 3)
2
4(a)( a + 3)
= 4a
2
+ 12a + 9 4a
2
12a
= 9
b
2

5
Roszelan Majid
Solving problems involving the use of the discriminants
________________________________________________________________

Name:
Class: Date:

1. (a) Given that the quadratic equation x
2
4qx + p
2
= 0 has two different roots.
Show that 4q
2
> p
2
.

SOLUTION:

(b) Given that the equation m
2
x
2
+ 3nx + 2 = 0 has no roots. Find the relation
between m and n.

SOLUTION:

1
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

(c) If the equation 2kx
2
(4k + 6)x + 2k = 0 has no roots, what is the range of
values of k?

SOLUTION:

(d) If the equation rx
2
6x + 2 = 0 has no roots, what is the range for r?

SOLUTION:

(e) If the following equation has two different roots, what is the range for h?
x
2
x h = 0

SOLUTION:

2
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

(f) If the following equation has two different roots, what is the range for s?
0 3
2 2
2
= s
x x

SOLUTION:

(g) Find the values of t if the following equation has two equal roots.
x
2
8x = t
2

SOLUTION:

3
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

1. (a) Given that the quadratic equation x
2
4qx + p
2
= 0 has two different roots.
Show that 4q
2
> p
2
.

SOLUTION:
a = 1, b = 4q, c = p
2

b
2
4ac > 0
(4q)
2
4(1)(p
2
) > 0
16q
2
4p
2
> 0
16q
2
> 4p
2
4q
2
> p
2

(b) Given that the equation m
2
x
2
+ 3nx + 2 = 0 has no roots. Find the relation
between m and n.

SOLUTION:
a = m
2
, b = 3n, c = 2
b
2
4ac < 0
(3n)
2
4(m
2
)(2) < 0
9n
2
8m
2
< 0
9n
2
< 8m
2

(c) If the equation 2kx
2
(4k + 6)x + 2k = 0 has no roots, what is the range of
values of k?

SOLUTION:
a = 2k, b = (4k + 6), c = 2k
Since this quadratic equation has no roots
b
2
4ac < 0
((4k + 6))
2
4(2k)(2k) < 0
16k
2
+ 48k + 36 16k
2
< 0
48k + 36 < 0
48k < 36
k <
48
36

k <
4
3

(d) If the equation rx
2
6x + 2 = 0 has no roots, what is the range for r?

SOLUTION:
a = r, b = 6, c = 2
Since this quadratic equation has no roots
b
2
4ac < 0
(6)
2
4(r)(2) < 0
36 8r < 0
4
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

8r < 36
8r > 36
r >
8
36

r >
2
9

r > 4
2
1

(e) If the following equation has two different roots, what is the range for h?
x
2
x h = 0

SOLUTION:
x
2
x h = 0
a = 1, b = 1, c = h
Since this quadratic equation has two different roots
b
2
4ac > 0
(1)
2
4(1)(h) > 0
1 + 4h > 0
4h > 1
h >
4
1

(f) If the following equation has two different roots, what is the range for s?
0 3
2 2
2
= s
x x

SOLUTION:
A =
2
1
, b =
2
1
, c = -3s
Since this quadratic equation has two different roots
b
2
4ac > 0
(
2
1
)
2
4(
2
1
)(3s) > 0

4
1
+ 6s > 0
6s >
4
1

s >
24
1

(g) Find the values of t if the following equation has two equal roots.
x
2
8x = t
2

SOLUTION:
x
2
8x + t
2
= 0
a = 1, b = 8, c = t
2
b
2
4ac = 0
5
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

(8)
2
4(1)(t
2
) = 0
64 4(1)(t
2
) = 0
64 = 4t
2
t
2
= 16
t = 16
t = 4 or t = 4

6
Roszelan Majid
Recognising Quadratic functions
________________________________________________________________

Name:
Class: Date:

1. (a) Is f(x) = 4x
2
+ x + x
5
a quadratic function?

SOLUTION:

(b) Is the following expression a quadratic function?
x
2
+
8
5
x 13 = f(x)

SOLUTION:

1
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

(c) Is the following expression a quadratic function?
7x
2
1
x
f(x) = 0

SOLUTION:

2
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

1. (a) Is f(x) = 4x
2
+ x + x
5
a quadratic function?

SOLUTION:
The function involves only one variable, which is x.
The powers of the variable in the terms are 1, 2 and 5 which are
positive integers but the highest power is 5.
Therefore, f(x) = 4x
2
+ x + x
5
is not a quadratic function.

x
2
+
8
5
x 13 = f(x)

SOLUTION:
First, we rewrite the function as follows:
f(x) = x
2
+
8
5
x 13
The function involves only one variable, which is x. The powers of the
variable in the terms are 1 and 2 which are positive integers and the
highest power is 2.
Therefore, x
2
+
8
5
x 13 = f(x) is a quadratic function.

7x
2
1
x
f(x) = 0

SOLUTION:
First, we rewrite the function as follows:
f(x) = 7x + x
2
The function involves only one variable, which is x.
The powers of the variable in the terms are 1 and 2. Note that 2 is
not a positive number.
Therefore, 7x
2
1
x
f(x) = 0 is not a quadratic function.

3
Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

4
Roszelan Majid
Quadratic Functions
________________________________________________________________

Name:
Class: Date:

1. Plot the graph of quadratic function based on the given tabulated values?

x 0 1 2 3
y 4 1 4 14

SOLUTION

1
Roszelan Majid
Quadratic Functions
________________________________________________________________


x 2 1 0 1 2 3
f(x) 16 6 0 2 0 6

SOLUTION

2
Roszelan Majid
Quadratic Functions
________________________________________________________________

3. By using a suitable scale, plot the graph of the function y = x
2
+ 2x + 2 for
4 x 1.

3
Roszelan Majid
Quadratic Functions
________________________________________________________________

4. By using a suitable scale, plot the graph of the function y = 2x
2
+ 8 for
3 x 3.

4
Roszelan Majid
Quadratic Functions
________________________________________________________________


x 0 1 2 3
y 4 1 4 14

SOLUTION
To plot the graph of quadratic based on given functions, we should follow the
following steps:
i) Use the given scale or any suitable scale to draw and label the x-axis
and y-axis on a Cartesian plane.
ii) Use the ordered pairs from the table to plot the points on the Cartesian
plane.
iii) Join the points to form a smooth curve.

5
Roszelan Majid
Quadratic Functions
________________________________________________________________


x 2 1 0 1 2 3
f(x) 16 6 0 2 0 6

SOLUTION
To plot a quadratic function graphs based on given functions, we should
follow the following steps:
i) Use the given scale or any suitable scale to draw and label the x-axis
and y-axis on a Cartesian plane.
ii) Use the ordered pairs from the table to plot the points on the Cartesian
plane.
iii) Join the points to form a smooth curve.

6
Roszelan Majid
Quadratic Functions
________________________________________________________________

5. By using a suitable scale, plot the graph of the function y = x
2
+ 2x + 2 for
4 x 1.
To draw the graph for this function, we should follow the following steps.
i. Construct the table of values for y = x
2
+ 2 x + 2.
When x = 4, y = (4)
2
+ 2 (4) + 2.
= 16 8 + 2
= 10
When x = 3, y = (3)
2
+ 2 (3) + 2.
= 9 6 + 2
= 5
When x = 2, y = (2)
2
+ 2 (2) + 2.
= 4 4 + 2
= 2
When x = 1, y = (1)
2
+ 2 (1) + 2.
= 1 2 + 2
= 1
When x = 0, y = (0)
2
+ 2 (0) + 2.
= 0 + 2
= 2
When x = 1, y = (1)
2
+ 2(1) + 2.
= 1 + 2 + 2
= 5
The table of values is
x 4 3 2 1 0 1
f(x) 10 5 2 1 2 5

7
Roszelan Majid
Quadratic Functions
________________________________________________________________

8

6. By using a suitable scale, plot the graph of the function y = 2x
2
+ 8 for
3 x 3.

Solution

To draw the graph for this function, we should follow the following steps.
i. Construct the table of values for y = 2x
2
+ 8.
When x = 3, y = 2(3)
2
+ 8
= 18 + 8
= 10
When x = 2, y = 2(2)
2
+ 8
= 8 + 8
= 0
When x = 1, y = 2(1)
2
+ 8
= 2 + 8
= 6
When x = 0, y = 2(0)
2
+ 8
= 0 + 8
= 8
When x = 1, y = 2(1)
2
+ 8
= 2 + 8
= 6
When x = 2, y = 2(2)
2
+ 8
= 8 + 8
= 0
When x = 3, y = 2(3)
2
+ 8
= 18 + 8
= 10
The table of values is
x 3 2 1 0 1 2 3
f(x) 10 0 6 8 6 0 10

Roszelan Majid
Quadratic Functions
________________________________________________________________

9
Roszelan Majid
Recognising shapes of graphs of quadratic functions
________________________________________________________________
Name:
Class: Date:

1. The graph of a quadratic function f (x) = ax + bx + c is called a .

SOLUTION:

1 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
2. If the coefficient of x in a quadratic function f (x) = ax + bx + c is positive, a >
0 the parabola opens .

SOLUTION:

2 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
3. If the coefficient of x in a quadratic function f (x) = ax + bx + c is negative, a <
0 the parabola opens .

SOLUTION:

3 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
4. If the absolute value of the coefficient of x in a quadratic function
f (x) = ax + bx + c increases, a, the parabola becomes .

SOLUTION:

4 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
f (x) = ax + bx + c decreases, a , the parabola becomes .

SOLUTION:

5 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
6. Which function does the graph below represent?

f (x)
x
f (x) = x + bx + c f (x) = x + bx + c
f (x) = x + bx + f (x) = bx + c c

SOLUTION:

6 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
1. The graph of a quadratic function f (x) = ax + bx + c is called a .

SOLUTION:

The graph of a quadratic function f (x) = ax + bx + c is called a parabola

7 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

2. If the coefficient of x in a quadratic function f (x) = ax + bx + c is positive,
a > 0 the parabola opens .

SOLUTION:

If the coefficient of x in a quadratic function f (x) = ax + bx + c is positive, a > 0
the parabola opens upward

f (x)
f (x) = ax + bx + c
a > 0
x

8 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

3. If the coefficient of x in a quadratic function f (x) = ax + bx + c is negative,
a < 0 the parabola opens .

SOLUTION:
If the coefficient of x in a quadratic function f (x) = ax + bx + c is negative, a < 0
the parabola opens downward

f (x)
f (x) = ax + bx + c
a < 0
x

9 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

f (x) = ax + bx + c increases, a , the parabola becomes .

SOLUTION:
If the absolute value of the coefficient of x in a quadratic function
f (x) = ax + bx + c increases, a , the parabola becomes narrower

f (x)

f (x) = ax + bx + c narrow
a

x

10 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

f (x) = ax + bx + c decreases, a , the parabola becomes .

SOLUTION:
If the absolute value of the coefficient of x in a quadratic function
f (x) = ax + bx + c increases, a , the parabola becomes wider

f (x) = ax + bx + c wider
a

f (x)
x

11 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

6. Which function does the graph below represent?

f (x)
x
f (x) = x + bx + c f (x) = x + bx + c
f (x) = x + bx + f (x) = bx + c c

SOLUTION:

The graph is a parabola, therefore, it is a quadratic function:
f (x) = ax + bx + c
Since the graph opens downward, therefore a is negative.

12 Roszelan Majid
Relating the position of the graph of a quadratic function
________________________________________________________________
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Determine the shape and position of the graphs of the following functions with
respect to the xaxis by considering the value of a and b 4ac.

(a) f (x) = x + 5x + 3
(b) f (x) = x 4x + 4
(c) f (x) = x + 4
(d) f (x) = 3x x
(e) f (x) = 1 +2x x

(a)

(b)

1 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
(c)

(d)

(e)

2 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
QUESTION 1
Determine the shape and position of the graphs of the following functions with
respect to the xaxis by considering the value of a and b 4ac.

(f) f (x) = x + 5x + 3
(g) f (x) = x 4x + 4
(h) f (x) = x + 4
(i) f (x) = 3x x
(j) f (x) = 1 +2x x

SOLUTION 1

(a) For the function f (x) = x + 5x + 3, a = 1, b = 5, c = 3
b 4ac = (5) 5(1)(3) = 10
Since a > 0 and b 4ac > 0, the graph of f (x) has the shape of and
intersects the xaxis at two points as shown below

x

b) For the function f (x) = x 4x + 4, a = 1, b = 4, c = 4
b 4ac = ( 4) 4(1)(4) = 0
Since a > 0 and b 4ac = 0, the graph of f (x) has the shape of and
touches the xaxis at one point as shown below

x

(c) For the function f (x) = x + 4, a = 1, b = 0, c = 4
b 4ac = (0) 4(1)(4) = 16

3 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
Since a > 0 and b 4ac < 0, the graph of f (x) has the shape of and
does not intersect the xaxis as shown below

x

(d) For the function f (x) = 3x x,
= x + 3x
a = 1, b = 3, c = 0
b 4ac = (3) 4(1)(0) = 9
Since a < 0 and b 4ac > 0, the graph of f (x) has the shape of and
intersects the xaxis at two points, as shown below

x

4 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

(e) For the function f (x) = 1 +2x x
= x + 2x 1
a = 1, b = 2, c = 1
b 4ac = (2) 4(1)(1) = 0
Since a < 0 and b 4ac = 0, the graph of f (x) has the shape of and
touches the xaxis at only point, as shown below.

x

5 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

6 Roszelan Majid
Maximum and minimum values of Quadratic Functions.
________________________________________________________________
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Find the minimum value of the following quadratic function.
f (x) = 4x 24x 13

2. Find the maximum value of the following quadratic function.
f (x) = 2x + 10x 1

1 Roszelan Majid
Maximum and minimum values of Quadratic Functions.
________________________________________________________________
1. Find the minimum value of the following quadratic function.
f (x) = 4x 24x 13

SOLUTION:
f (x) = 4x 24x 13
= 4(x 6x) 13
= 4(x 6x + 9 9) 13
= 4(x 6x + 9) 36 13
= 4(x 3) 46

49 is the minimum value of function f.

2. Find the maximum value of the following quadratic function.
f (x) = 2x + 10x 1

SOLUTION:

f (x) = 2x + 10x 1
= 2(x 5x) 1
= 2(x 5x +
4
25

4
25
) 1
= 2(x 5x +
4
25
) +
2
23

= 2(x
2
5
) +
2
23

2
23
is the maximum value of function f.

2 Roszelan Majid
Sketching graphs of quadratic functions
________________________________________________________________
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Sketch the graph of the quadratic function.
f (x) = (x 1) 4

1 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
2. Sketch the graph of the quadratic function:.
f (x) = (x 2) + 1


2 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
f (x) = x + 2x 8

3 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
1. Sketch the graph of the quadratic function.
f (x) = (x 1) 4

SOLUTION:
f (x) = (x 1) 4
= x 2x + 1 4
= x 2x 3
a = 1
a > 0, therefore

f (x) = (x 1) 4

Turning point = (1, 4)

The dicriminant,

b 4ac = (2) 4(1)(3)
= 4 + 12
= 16
b 4ac > 0

The graph intersects the xaxis at two points.

x 2x 3 = 0
(x 3) (x + 1) = 0

f (x)
x
-1
-3
(1, -4)
3

x 3 = 0 or x + 1 = 0
x = 3 x = 1

the xintercepts are (3, 0) and (1, 0).

When x = 0,
f (0) = 0 2(0) 3
= 3
The yintercept is (0, 3)

4 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________
f (x) = (x 2) + 1

SOLUTION:

f (x) = (x 2) + 1
= (x 4x + 4) + 1
= x + 4x 4 + 1
= x + 4x 3

a = 1
a < 0, therefore

f (x) = (x 2) + 1

Turning point = (2, 1)
The dicriminant,

b 4ac = (4) 4(1)(3)
= 16 12
= 4
b 4ac > 0


(x 2) + 1= 0
( x + 3) (x 1) = 0

x + 3 = 0 or x = 1
x = 3

The graph intersects the xaxis at (3, 0)

f (x)
x
1
-3
(2, 1)
3
and (1, 0).

When x = 0,
f (0) = (0 2) + 1
= ( 2) + 1
= 4 + 1
= 3

5 Roszelan Majid
________________________________________________________________

f (x) = x + 2x 8

SOLUTION:

f (x) = x + 2x 8

a = 1
a > 0, therefore

f (x) = x + 2x - 8
= x + 2x +
2
2

2
2
- 8
= x + 2x + 1 1 8
= (x + 1) 9

Turning point = ( 1, 9)
The dicriminant,

b - 4ac = (2) 4(1)(8)
= 4 + 32
= 36

b - 4ac > 0


x + 2x 8 = 0
( x 2) (x + 4) = 0

x 2 = 0 or x + 4 = 0
x = 2 x = 4
f (x)
x
4
8
(1, 9)
2

The graph intersects the xaxis at (2, 0)
and (4, 0).

When x = 0,
f (0) = (0) + 2(0) 8
= 8


6 Roszelan Majid
Determining the range of values of x that satisfies a quadratic inequality
__________________________________________________________
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Find the range of values of x for which x(2 x) >
2
1
x
2
.

SOLUTION:

2. For what values of m does the equation 4x
2
+ mx + 1 = 0 have roots?

SOLUTION:

1 Roszelan Majid
Determining the range of values of x that satisfies a quadratic inequality
__________________________________________________________

1. Find the range of values of x for which x(2 x) >
2
1
x
2
.

SOLUTION:
x(2 x) >
2
1
x
2
0 < x <
3
4

f(x) > 0
3
4
0
2x x
2
>
2
1
x
2
4x 2x
2
> x
2
4x 3x
2
> 0
Let f(x) = 4x 3x
2
When f(x) = 0
4x 3x
2
= 0
For f(x) > 0, the range of
values of x is 0 < x <
3
4
.
x(4 3x) = 0
x = 0 or x =
3
4

2. For what values of m does the equation 4x
2
+ mx + 1 = 0 have roots?

SOLUTION:
4x
2
+ mx + 1 = 0
a = 4, b = m, c = 1
In order to have roots, b
2
4ac must be 0.
b
2
4ac = m
2
4(4)(1)
= m
2
16
f(m) 0
4
f(m) 0
4
m
2
16 0
(m 4)(m + 4) 0

For f(m) > 0, the range of
values of m is m 4 and m 4.

2 Roszelan Majid
Lesson 27

Activity Sheet

Solving Simultaneous Equations

Name:

Class

Date:

1. Solve the following simultaneous equations.

i) 2 3 4 0 x y + =

2
5 1 0 x xy =

ii) 8 3 7 y x = +
3 1 xy =

iii) 3 2 5 x y =

2 2
3 0 x y y =

iv)
2
5 2 2 9 y x x xy y + = + + =
2

2. The line 0 y x = intersects the curve 1 xy = at the points p and q . Find the
length of pq .

3. Find the coordinates of the points of intersection between the curve
2 2
2 3 3 0 x y x y + + = and the line 1 0 x = .

Roszelan Majid

Answer

1. i) 2.698, 0.4653 x y = = ;
0.1588, 1.227 x y = =

ii)
8 1
,
3 8
x y = = ;

1
, 1
3
x y = =

iii)
4 1
1 ,
5 5
x y = = ;
3, 2 x y = =

iv) 8, 5; x y = =
2, 1 x y = =

2. 2.828 units

3. ( ) ( ) 1,1 , 1, 4

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 28

Activity Sheet

Simultaneous Equations Involving Real-Life Situations

Name:

Class:

Date:

Solve the following questions.

1. A wire of length 120 cm is cut into two pieces. Each piece of the wire is then
bent to form a square. If the total area of the two squares formed is 650cm
2
, find
the length of each piece of the wire.

2. Given that the sum of the circumferences of two circles is 30 cm and the areas
of the circles differ by 117 cm
2
, find the diameter of each circle.

3. Given that the sum of two positive numbers is 18 and the sum of the square of
the numbers is 194. Find the two numbers.

4. Rosma bought x birds and y rabbits for RM208. Given that she bought a total
of 20 birds and rabbits altogether. A bird costs RMx while a rabbit costs RMy
where y x > . Find the values of x and y .

5. Given that triangle ABC is right angled at B, where ( 3) AB x = cm,
( 9) AC y = + cm and 15 BC = cm. If the perimeter of the triangle is 36 cm, find
the values of x and y .

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1. 20 cm and 100 cm

2.
1
7
5
cm and
4
22
5
cm

3. 5, 13

4. 8, 12 x y = =

5. 12, 3; x y = =
15, 0 x y = =

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 29

Activity Sheet

Finding the Value of Numbers Given In Index Form

Name:

Class:

Date:

Find the values of

1.
3
( 6)

2.
5
2
3

3.
3
2
1
5

4. ( )
3
1.3

5. ( )
0
7

6.
0
1
16

7.
3
1
4

8.
2
2
2
3

Roszelan Majid

Answer

1. 216

2.
32
243

3.
93
2
125

4. 2.197

5. 1

6. 1

7. 64

8.
9
64

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 30

Activity Sheet

Finding the Value of Numbers Given in Index Form
That are Multiplied Divided or Raised to a Power.

Name:

Class:

Date:

Simplify each of the following.

(a)
4 3
5 5

(b)
5 2
3 3

(c) ( ) ( )
5 4
0.3 0.3

(d)
3 5
9 3

(e)
( ) ( )
2
4
4
2 8

(f)
3 4
9 3
27

(g)
( )
3
64
4 16

Roszelan Majid
Answer

(a) 5

(b) 2187

(c) 0.3

(d) 177 147

(e) 1 048 576

(f) 2187

(g)
1
16

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 31

Activity Sheet

Use Laws of Indices to Simplify Algebraic Expressions

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Simplify each of the following.

i)
1
2 1 1
16
2 4
x
x x
+
+

ii)
3 2
4 2
n n
n
y y
y y
+
+

iii)
1
3 3
n n +

2. Solve each of the following

i)
2 4 3 2
1
5 5
125
x x +
=

ii)
3 2
32 4
x x
=

iii)
2
4
27
3
9
y
y
y
+
=

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1. i) 8

ii)
1
y

iii) (2)3
n

2. i) 1 x =

ii) 5 x =

iii) 2 y =

Roszelan Majid

1.

1. 8

2.
1
y

3. (2)3
n

b.

1. 1 x =

2. 5 x =

3. 2 y =

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 32

Activity Sheet

Converting Equations in Index Forms to Logarithmic Forms and Vice Versa

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Convert each of the following index form to the logarithmic form.

i)
4
3 81 =

ii)
2
1
5
25
=

iii)
1
2
1
36
6
=

iv)
0
1
1
10

=

v)
3
2
81 729 =

2. Convert each of the following logarithmic form to the index form.

i)
16
1
log 4
2
=

ii)
5
1
log 2
25
=

iii)
10
1
log 10
2
=

iv)
4
3 log 64 =

v)
2
log 3 x =

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1. i)
3
log 81 4 =

ii)
5
1
log 2
25
=

iii)
36
1 1
log
6 2
=

iv)
1
10
log 1 0 =

v)
81
3
log 729
2
=

2. i)
1
2
16 4 =

ii)
2
1
5
25
=

iii)
1
2
10 10 =

iv)
3
4 64 =

v)
3
2 x =

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 33

Activity Sheet

Finding Logarithm of a Number

Name:

Class:

Date:

Evaluate each of the following.

1.
10
log 1000

2.
10
log 0.001

3.
5
10
log 10

4.
1
3
10
log 10

5
10
log 5.22

6.
5
10
log 1.2

7.
3
10
log 8

8.
3
10
log 1.55

9.
3
10
log 0.123

10.
2
10
2
log
9

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1. 3

2. 3

3. 5

4.
1
3

5. 0.7177

6. 0.3959

7. 2.709

8. 0.5710

9. 2.730

10. 1.306

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 34

Activity Sheet

Finding Logarithm of Numbers by Using Laws of Logarithms

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Evaluate each of the following.

i)
6 6
log 4 log 9 +

ii)
5 5
log 75 log 3

2. Given that log 2 0.631
x
= and log 3 1.465
x
= , evaluate

i) log 18
x

ii) log 36
x

iii) log 0.75
x

iv) log 6
x


i) 2log5 log4 log10 +

ii)
8 8 8
1
log 24 log log 3
8

iii)
10 10
2 1
log 125 log 160
3 2
+

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1. i) 2

ii) 2

2. i) 3.561

ii) 4.192

iii) 1.161

iv) 1.048

3. i) 1

ii) 2

iii) 3

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 35

Activity Sheet

Simplifying Logarithmic Expressions

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Simplify each of the following.

i)
3 3
log 6 log 3 +

ii)
3 3
log 18 log 2

iii)
5 5 5
log 20 log 5 log 4 x +


i)
10 10
log 20 log 50 +

ii)
3 3
log 1 log 27

iii)
2 2 2
1
log 4 log 12 log
3
+ +

iv)
2
8log log
x x
x x

Roszelan Majid

Answer

1. i)
3
log 18

ii) 2

iii)
5
2 log x +

2. i) 3

ii) 3

iii) 4

iv) 4

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 36

Activity Sheet

Changing the Base of Logarithms

Name:

Class:

Date:

i)
3
log 7
ii)
5
log 6

2. Given that log 3
a
x = and log 5
a
y = , express the following in terms of x and/or y
i)
3
log 5
ii)
3
log 15

3. Given log 2
p
k = and log 5
p
m = , express each of following in terms of k
and/or m
i)
2
log 20
ii)
5
log 50

4. Given that 2 0.631 log
x
= and log 3 1.465
x
= , evaluate
i)
4
log 12
ii)
6
log 18

5. Without using a calculator, find the value of

2 9 6 7 18
log 18 log 6 log 2 log 9 log 7

Roszelan Majid

Answer

1. i) 1.771
ii) 1.113

2. i)
y
x

ii)
y x
x
+

3. i)
2k m
k
+

ii)
2m k
m
+

4. i) 2.161
ii) 1.699

5. 1

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 37

Activity Sheet

Solving Problems Involving Logarithms

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Given that log 3
p
k = and log 5
p
m = , express the following in terms of
k and m.

i) log 45
p

ii)
25
log 3 p

2. Given that a = log
3
x and b = log
3
y, express the following in terms of a and b.

i)
3
log 27
y
x
ii)
3
3
1
log log
9
y
x

3. Given 2
h
A= and 4
k
B = , express the following in terms of h and k.

i)
2
4
log
A
B

ii)
16
log AB

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1. i) 2k m +

ii)
1
2
k
m
+

2. i)
3 3a
b
+

ii)
6a
b

3. i) h k

ii)
8 4
h k
+

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 38

Activity Sheet

Equations involving indices

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Solve the following equations:

i) 4 16
x
=

ii)
1
9 3 243
x x
=

iii)
3
2 72 2 0
x x+
+ =

2. Solve the following equations:

i)
3 2 5
2 8
x x+
=

ii)
1
64 4
x x+
=

iii)
3 2
27 9
x x +
=

iv)
1 3 1
3(9 ) 81
x x + +
=

v)
4 12
7 1
x+
=

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1.
i) 2 x =

ii) 2 x =

iii) 3 x =

2.
i) 5 x =
ii)
1
2
x =
iii) 9 x =
iv)
1
5
x =
v) 3 x =

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 39

Activity Sheet

Equations Involving Logarithms

Name:

Class:

Date:

Answer

1. Solve the following equations.

i) 4 15
x
=

ii) 3(4 ) 5
x
=

iii)
1
4 8
x+
=

2. Solve each of the following equations.

i)
2 3
4 10 0
x
=

ii)
1
0.3 0.4
x x+
=

iii)
1
5 2
x x +
=

iv)
1
2 (2 ) 7
x x +
=

v)
1
7 (2 ) 10
x x +
=

Roszelan Majid

Answer

1. i) 1.953 x =

ii) 0.3685 x =

iii) 0.5 x =

2. i) 2.330 x =

ii) 3.185 x =

iii) 1.756 x =

iv) 0.9037 x =

v) 0.1352 x =

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 40

Activity Sheet

Equations Involving logarithms

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Find the distance between each of the following pairs of points.

i) ( 1, 4) ( 4,0) A B and
ii) (0,3) ( 4,1) A B and

iii) (8,3) ( 8, 6) A B and

iv) (6, 2) (7,3) A B and

2. Given that the distance between ( 3, ) P m and (2,3) Q is 10 units, find the
value of m.

3. Show that A(1, 7), B( 3, 5) and C( 1, 1) are vertices of an isosceles
triangle.

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1.
i) 5 units

ii) 4.472 units

iii) 18.36 units

iv) 5.099 unit s

2. 5.660 m = , 11.66 m =

3. AB = 20 units
BC = 20 units
AC= 20 units

Since AB=BC, therefore ABC is an isosceles triangle.

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 41

Activity Sheet

Midpoint of Two Given Points

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Find the coordinates of the midpoint of each of the following pairs of points.

i) ( 1, 4) and ( 4,0) A B

ii) (0,3) and ( 4,1) C D

iii) (8,3) and ( 8, 6) P Q

iv) (6, 2) and (7,3) R S

2. If ( 3, ) P m is the midpoint of the straight line joining (2,3) Q and R( n,10),
find the values of mand n.

3. The coordinates of points A, B and C are (p, -7), (-3, q) and (-1, -1) respectively.
If C is the midpoint of the line AB, find the values of p and q.

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1. i)
1
( 2 , 2)
2

ii) ( 2,2)

iii)
1
(0, 1 )
2

iv)
1 1
(6 , )
2 3

2.
1
6
2
m = and 8 n =

3. p = 2 and q = 6

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 42

Activity Sheet

Finding the point that divides a line segment according to a given ratio

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. For each of the following, find the coordinates of Q for which Q divides PQ
according to the ratio as stated.

i) ( 1, 3), ( 4,0); : 1: 2 P R PQ QR =
ii) (0,3) , ( 4,1); : 1: 3 P Q PQ QR =
iii) (8,3) , ( 8, 6); : 2: 3 P Q PQ QR =
iv) (6, 4) , Q(6,3); : 2: 5 P PQ QR =

2. Point B is a point lying on the straight line joining (2,1) A and ( 2,5) C so that
3 AB BC = . Find the coordinates of B .

3. Given that A( 2, 7), B( 3, q) and C( 8, 1) lie on the straight line such that
: : AB BC m n = , find
i) the ratio : m n
ii) the value of q

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1.

i) ( 2, 2) Q

ii)
1
( 1,2 )
2
Q

iii)
3 3
(1 , )
5 5
Q

iv) (6, 2) Q

2. ( 1,4) B

3.
i) : 1:5 m n =
ii) 6 q =

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 43

Activity Sheet

Finding Areas of Triangles

Name:

Class:

Date:

By determining the areas of specific geometrical shapes, find the area of each of the
following triangles ABC.

(i) A(2,0) , B(2,10) , C(5,5)

(ii) A(1,3) , B(5,4) , C(4,3)

(iii) A(-2,3) , B(6,5) , C(2,12)

(iv) A(2,-3) , B(-5,10) , C(-5,-5)

(v) A(-1,1) , B(-5,0) , C(4,-3)

(vi) A(2,3) , B(1,8) , C(-2,-5)

Roszelan Majid
Answer

(i)
2
15 unit

(ii)
2
1.5 unit

(iii)
2
32 unit

(iv)
2
52.5 unit

(v)
2
8.5 unit

(vi)
2
14 unit

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 44

Activity Sheet

Finding Areas of Triangles by Using the Formula

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. For each of the following, find the area of the triangle ABC with the given vertices.

i) A(2, 0), B( 2,0) , C( 5, 5)

ii) A( 1, 3), B(5, 4), C(4, 3)

iii) A(2, 3) , B(6,15), C(4, 12)

iv) A(6, 5) , B( 5, 10), C( 4, 9)

v) A(0, 1) , B( 5, 0), C(4, 3)

vi) A(2, 3), B(1, 8), C (0, 0)

2. Show that points A(2, 3), B(1, 1) and C( 2, 5) are collinear.

3. Find the value of m if the points A( 2, 3) , B(6, 5) and C(2, m) are collinear.

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1.
i)
2
10 unit

ii)
2
20.5 unit

iii)
2
12 unit

iv)
2
102 unit

v)
2
12 unit
vi)
2
6.5 unit

2. The area of ABC = 0

3. m = 4

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 45

Activity Sheet

Finding Areas of Quadrilaterals

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. For each of the following, find the area of quadrilateral ABCD with the given vertices.

i) (2,0), ( 2,0), ( 5,5), (8,8) A B C D

ii) ( 1, 3), (5, 4), (4,3), ( 7,3) A B C D

iii) (2, 3), (6,15), (4,12), (0,0) A B C D

iv) (6, 5), ( 5, 10), ( 4,9), (1,1) A B C D

v) (0,1), ( 5,0), (4, 3), (8,0) A B C D

2. Show that the points A(4,7) , B(2,3) , C(1,1) and ( 2, 5) D are collinear.

3. Find the value of m if the points ( 5, ) A m , ( 1,3) B , C(3,2m) and D(7,5) are collinear.

4. Find the possible values of p if the area of the quadrilateral with vertices
(3, 2) A , B(6, p), C(4,5) and ( 2,4) D is
1
29
2
unit
2
.

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1. i)
2
53 unit

ii)
2
53.5 unit

iii)
2
30 unit

iv)
2
97 unit

v)
2
26 unit

2. Hint: The area of ABCD = 0

3. m = 2

4. p = 1 or p =119

Roszelan Majid

Lesson 46

Activity Sheet

Gradients of Straight Lines

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Find the gradient of the straight line that passes through each of the following
pairs of points.

i) A(2, 0) and B(2, 8)

ii) B(5, 4) and C(4, 3)

iii) A(2, 3) and D(0, 0)

iv) A( 6, 5) and C( 4, 9)

v) C(4, 3) and D(8, 0)

2. Given that the gradient of the straight line passing through P(1, m 2) and
Q(4, 9) is
1
2
, find the value of m.

3. Given that the gradient of the straight line passing through A(1, m) and
B(4m, 9) is 2, find the value of m.

4. Given that points A(1,t) and B(12t, 8). If the gradient of the line AB is
2
3
,
find the value of t.

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1.
i) 2

ii) 7

iii)
3
2

iv) 7

v)
3
4

2. m =
1
9
2

3. m = 1

4. t =
3
3
7

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 47

Activity Sheet

Intercepts and Finding the Gradient of a Straight Line Using the Intercepts

Name:

Class:

Date:

Answer

1. State the x-intercept and y-intercept of the straight line passing through each of the
following pairs of points.

i) (0, 6) and (11, 0)

ii) (8, 0) and (0, 5)

2. Find the gradient of the straight line that passes through each of the following pairs of
points.

i) A(2, 0) and B(0, 8)

ii) (5, 4) B and C(0, 3)

iii) (0, 3) A and D(0, 0)

3. Find the x-intercept of the straight line that passes through the point P(0, 5) and has a
gradient of
1
2
.

4. Find the y-intercept of the straight line that passes through the point Q(-12, 0) and has
a gradient of
1
2
.

5. Given that the gradient of the straight line that passes through the points K(0, m) and
L(6, 0) is 2 , find the value of m.

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1 i) x-intercept = 11
y-intercept = 6

i) x-intercept = 8
y-intercept = 5

2. i) 2

ii)
7
5

iii) 3

3. x-intercept = 10

4. y-intercept = 6

5. m = 12

6. h =
3
2
k

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 48

Activity Sheet

Finding Equations of Straight Lines Based on Gradients

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Find the equation of the straight line that has:

i) a gradient of 2 and passes through the point (0, 6)
ii) a gradient of
2
3
and passes through the point (4, 6)

2. Find the equation of the straight line that passes through each of the following
pairs of points.

i) A(2, 0) and B(0, 8)

ii) B(5, 0) and C(0, 3)

iii) A(0, 3) and D(0, 0)

3. Find the equation of the straight line that passes through each of the following
pairs of points.

i) A(2, 4) and B(3, 8)

ii) B(5, 4) and C(0, 6)

iii) A(0, 3) and D(4, 4)

Roszelan Majid

4. Find the equation of the straight line that passes through the point (4, 4) and the
origin.

5. A straight line passes through the point (m, 0) has a gradient of
1
2
m . Find the
equation of the straight line.

Answer

1.
i) 2 6 y x =

ii) 3 2 10 y x =

2.
i) 4 8 y x = +

ii) 5 3 15 y x = +

iii) 4 3 y x =

3.
i) 4 4 y x =

ii) 2 6 y x = +

iii) 4 12 y x = +

4. y x =

5.
2
2y mx m = +

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 49

Activity Sheet

Finding Equations of Straight Lines Based on Intercepts

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Find the equation of the straight line that passes through each of the following pairs of
points.

i) A(2, 0) and B(0, 8)

ii) B(5, 0) and (0, 3) C

ii) (0, 3) A and D(5,0)

2. Express each of the following equations of the straight lines in the intercept form.

i) 8 2 2 y x =

ii) 3 6 2 y x =

iii) 6 10 2 0 y x + + =

3. The x-intercept and the y-intercept of the straight line AB are 12 and 6 respectively.
Find the equation of the straight line AB.

4. Given that the gradient of the straight line 1
3
x y
t
+ = is 8, find the value of t.

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1. i) 1
2 8
x y
+ =

ii) 1
5 3
x y
=
iii) 1
3 5
x y
+ =

2. i) 1
1
1
4
x y
+ =

ii) 1
1 2
3 3
x y
+ =

iii) 1
1 1
5 3
x y
+ =

3. 1
2 8
x y
+ =

4. 24 t =

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 50

Activity Sheet

Finding the Gradient and Intercept of Straight Lines

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Express each of the following equations of straight line i n the intercept form.
Hence, state the x-intercept and the y-intercept of the li ne.

i) 4 y x =

ii) 3 6 2 0 x y + =

iii) 5 1 6 y x =

2. Express each of the following equations of straight line in the gradient form.
Hence, state the gradient and the y-intercept of the line.

i) 8 2 2 y x =
ii) 3 6 2 y x =
iii) 6 10 2 0 y x + + =

3. Find the gradient of the straight line 1
5 6
x y
= .

4. The straight line 6 10 2 0 y x + + = intersects the x-axis and the y-axis at
points A and B respectively. Find the coordinates of points A and B.

Roszelan Majid
Answer
1.
i) 1
4 4
x y
+ =

x-intercept = 4
y-intercept = 4

ii) 1
2 3
x y
+ =

x-intercept = 2
y-intercept = 3

iii) 1
1 1
6 5
x y
+ =

x-intercept =
1
6

y-intercept =
1
5

2.
i)
1 1
4 4
y x =
Gradient =
1
4

y-intercept =
1
4

ii)
2
2
3
y x = +
Gradient = 2
y-intercept =
2
3

iii)
5 1
3 3
y x =
Gradient =
2
1
3

y-intercept =
1
3

3. Gradient =
1
1
5

4.
1 1
( ,0) and (0, )
5 3
A B

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 51

Activity Sheet

Changing the Equation of a Straight Line to the General Form

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Express each of the following equations in the general form.

i) 3 2 y x = +

ii) 6 2 y x =

iii)
4 2
3
5
x
y
+
=

iv)
3 5
2 6 y x
=
+

v)
5
2
x
y
=

2. Express each of the following equations of the straight lines in the general form.

i)
2 1
2
3 5
y x =

ii)
2 5
3
x
y
+
=

iii)
2
2
6 9
y x
+ =

3. Find the equation of the straight line that has a gradient of
2
3
and passes through the
point ( ) 1,4 . Write the equation in the general form.

4. Find the equation of the straight line that passes through the points A( ) 1, 4 and
B( ) 12,8 . Write the equation in the general form.
Roszelan Majid
Answer

1. i) 3 2 0 x y + =
ii) 6 2 0 x y + =

iii) 4 15 2 0 x y =

iv) 6 5 18 0 x y + =

v) 2 5 0 x y =
2. i) 3 10 6 0 x y =
ii) 2 3 5 0 x y + =
iii) 12 9 108 0 x y + =
3. 2 3 14 0 x y + =
4. 12 3 40 0 x y =

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 52

Activity Sheet

Point of intersection of two lines

Name:

Class

Date:

1. Find the point of intersection of each of the following pairs of lines.

i) 4 2 14 y x + = and 4 1 y x =

ii) 3 4 10 y x = + and 3 y x =
iii)
3 3
2 6 y x
=
+
and 3 2 x y = +

iv)
5
2
x
y
=
and 2 y x + =

2. A straight line passes through the points ( ) 1, 4 and ( ) 1, 3 intersects the line
2 2 y x + = at point m. Find the coordinates of point m.

3. Given that the straight line 2 3 y x + = intersects the line 5 15 mx y = at point
(5, 1). Find the value of m.

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1.
i) ( ) 1, 3

ii) ( ) 2, 6

iii) ( ) 4, 2

iv)
3 4
1 ,
7 7

2.
3 1
, 3
5 5
m

3. 2 m =

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 53

Activity Sheet

Determining Parallel Lines

Name:

Class:

Date:

Answer

1. Determine whether each of the following pairs of straight lines are parallel.

(i) 4 2 14 y x + = and
1
1
2
y x =

(ii) 3 9 10 y x = + and 3 y x =

(iii) 5 10 x y + = and 10 5 2 x y = +

(iv) 8 2 10 x y = and 4 2 y x + =

2. For each of the following, determine whether the straight lines AB and CD are parallel.

i) (2,2), (1,8), ( 4, 2), ( 2, 14) A B C D

ii) (2,2), (5, 4), ( 4, 2), (2,1) A B C D

iii) ( 3,4), ( 1,8), ( 6,4), ( 1,14) A B C D

iv) ( 3, 2), (1,1), ( 4,0), (0, 3) A B C D
Roszelan Majid
Answer

1. i)
1 2
1
2
m m = = , parallel

ii)
1 2
3 m m = = , parallel

iii)
1 2
m m , not parallel

iv)
1 2
m m , not parallel

2. i)
1 2

ii)
1 2
m m , not parallel

iii)
1 2

iv)
1 2
m m , not parallel

Roszelan Majid

Lesson 54

Activity Sheet

Finding the equations of parallel lines

Name:

Class

Date:

1. Find the equation of the straight line which passes through (2, 4) and is
parallel to the line 4 8 x y + = .

2. Find the equation of the straight line which passes through ( 3, 5) and
is parallel to the line 4 5 0 x y = .

3. Find the equation of the straight line which passes through the point (5, 3)
and is parallel to the line that passes through the points A( 2, 3) and B(5, 6).

4. i) Find the equation of the line KL, passing through the point R(2, 2) and is
parallel to the line 5 3 10 x y = .

ii) If (3,m) lies on the line KL, find the value of m.

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1. 4 14 0 y x + + =

2. 4 7 0 y x =

3. 7 9 66 0 y x + =

4. i) 3 5 16 0 y x + =

ii)
1
3
y =

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 55

Activity Sheet

Determining Perpendicular Lines

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Determine whether the following pairs of straight lines are perpendicular to each
other.

i) 4 8 y x + =

1
8
4
y x =

ii) 23 5 y x =
5 5 x y + =

iii) 2 6 3 y x + =
3 2 x y + =

(d) 2 6 3 y x =
3 2 x y + =

2. The following pairs of straight lines are perpendicular to each other.
Find the value of p.

i) 6 8 y x =
2 6 px y =

ii) 5 3 0 x y =
6 2 px y =

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Answer

1. i) perpendicular

ii) not perpendicular

iii) not perpendicular

iv) perpendicular

2. i) 12 p =

ii)
1
10
p =

iii)
3
8
p =

Roszelan Majid

Lesson 56

Activity Sheet

Determining the Equations of Perpendicular Lines

Name:

Class

Date:

1. For each of the following, find the equation of the straight line perpendicular to
the given line and passes through the given point.

i) 4 8 y x + = and passes through the point ( ) 2, 3

ii) 5 5 x y + = and passes through the point ( ) 2, 1

iii) 2 6 3 y x + = and passes through point ( ) 5, 3

iv) 3 2 x y + = and passes through point ( ) 7, 2

2. Find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of the straight line passing
through the points ( ) 7, 2 and ( ) 3, 4 .

3. In the diagram, the straight line PQ is
perpendicular to QR and parallel to RS.
Find the coordinates of the points R and S.

y

Q(0,6)

P(3,0) R x
S
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4. Given that the lines 3 y px = + and 2
2
r
y x = are perpendicular to each other,
find the relation between p and r .

Answer

1.

i) 4 10 0 y x =

ii) 5 7 0 y x =

iii) 3 4 0 y x + =

iv) 3 23 0 y x + =

2. 2 7 0 y x + =

3. R (12, 0), S (0, 24)

4. 2 pr = , or
2
p
r
=

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 57

Activity Sheet

Solving Problems Involving Equations of Straight Lines

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. The coordinates of A, B and C are ( ) 5, 2 , ( ) 11,2 and ( ) 1,10 respectively. Find:

i) the distance between B and the midpoint of AB;
ii) the equation of a straight line that passes through point A and is perpendicular
to BC.

2. Given that the coordinates of points P and Q are (10, 0) and (0, 8) respectively.
The perpendicular bisector of PQ meets the axes at A and B. Find:

i) the equation of AB;
ii) the area of triangle AOB, with O being the origin.

3. The diagram below shows a straight line CD which meets the straight line AB at
point D. The point C lies on the y-axis.

y

x

D
( 8,0) A

(0,4) B
C

i) State the equation of the straight AB i n the intercept form;

ii) Given that 3AD = DB, find the coordinates of D;

iii) Given that CD is perpendicular to AB, find the y-intercept of CD.

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1. i) 3.606 units

ii) 4 5 33 0 y x =

2. i) 5 4 9 0 x y + =

ii)
2
2
unit
5

3. i) 1
4 8
y x
+ =

ii) ( 6,1)

iii) y-intercept = 11

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 58

Activity Sheet

Equation of Locus

Name:

Class

Date:

1. For each of the following, find the equation of the locus of a moving point P such
that:

i) its distance from A ( ) 2, 3 is 4 units

ii) its distance from B( ) 3, 2 is 5 units

iii) its distance from C ( ) 4, 3 is 10 units

iv) its distance from D( ) 0, 0 is 6 units

2. Find the equation of the locus of a moving point P such that it is equidistant from
the points A ( ) 1, 5 and B( ) 3, 2

3. For each of the following, find the equation of the locus of a moving point M such
that

i) its distance from A ( ) 2, 0 and B( ) 8, 0 are in the ratio of 1: 2.

ii) its distance from A ( ) 0, 4 and B( ) 5,1 are in the ratio of 1: 4.

iii) its distance from A ( ) 4, 0 and B( ) 1, 3 are in the ratio of 3: 4 .

Roszelan Majid

Answer

1.

i)
2 2
4 6 3 0 x y x y + =

ii)
2 2
6 4 12 0 x y x y + + =

iii)
2 2
8 6 75 0 x y x y + + + =

iv)
2 2
36 0 x y + =

2. 8 14 13 0 x y + =

3.

i)
2 2
3 3 48 0 x y + =

ii)
2 2
3 3 2 26 46 0 x y x y + + + + =

iii)
2 2
7 7 146 54 166 0 x y x y + + + + =

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 59

Activity Sheet

Solving Problems Involving Loci

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. A point P moves in such a way that its distance from a fixed point ( ) 3,2 is always
5 units. Show that the equation of locus of point P is
2 2
6 4 12 0 x y x y + + =

2. Points P( ) 3,2 , Q (5, 8) and R(x, y) lie on the circumference of a circle with a
diameter PQ.

i) Find the equation of the locus of point R;

ii) Show that the locus of point R touches the x-axis at only one point.

3. Given ( 2, 4) M and N(4 , 2) are two fixed points. P(x , y) moves in such a way
that : 1: 2 MP PN = .

i. Show that the equation of locus of point P is
2 2
8 12 20 0 x y x y + + + + = ;

ii. Show that point (0, 2) R is on the locus of point P;

iii. Find the equation of the line MR;

iv. If the line MR intersects again the locus of point P at S, find the coordinates of
S.

Roszelan Majid

Answer

2. i)
2 2
6 4 12 0 x y x y + + =

3. iii) 2 0 y x + =

iv) ( 8, 10)

Roszelan Majid

Lesson 60

Activity Sheet

Mean, Mode and Median of Ungrouped Data

Name:

Class

Date:

1. Determine the mean, mode and median of each of the following sets of data.

i) 3, 2, 4, 3, 3, 2, 4, 3, 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 3 , 4 , 5

ii) 18,14,11,17,15, 21, 20,13

iii) 3.5, 3. 3, 2. 9, 2.5, 3. 6, 3.3

iv) 8, 6 , 0 , 0 , 6,1, 8, 1

2. The table below shows the number of medals won by a group of students.

Find the mean, mode and median.

Number of
medals
0 1 2 3 4 5
Number of
students
5 5 6 9 3 2

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3. The numbers 4, 8, x, 15, 17, 21 have been arranged in ascending order. If the
mean and median are equal in value, find the value of x.

4. The table below shows the scores obtained after throwing the dice 20 times.

If the mode of the score is 4, determine the minimum value of q.
With the value of q, find the value of p and determine the median for the data.

Answer

1.

i) Mean = 3.5, Mode = 3, Median = 3

ii) Mean = 16.125, No mode, Median = 16

iii) Mean = 3.183, Mode = 3.3, Median = 3.3

iv) Mean = 0, Mode = 0, Median = 0

2. Mean = 2.2, Mode = 3, Median = 2

3. x = 10.

4. q = 5 , p = 2, Median = 3.5

Scores
1 2 3 4 5 6
Frequency
4 4 p q 3 2

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Lesson 61

Activity Sheet

Modal Class of Grouped Data
Finding Modes from Histograms

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. The frequency distribution table below shows the marks obtained by 100 students in a
competition.

Find the modal class and mode of this distribution.

2. The frequency distribution table below shows the masses of 40 students in a class.

Find the modal class and mode of this distribution

3. The daily wages for 89 workers of a firm are tabulated as follows.

Find the modal class and mode of this distribution.

4. Find the modal class and mode for the following table.

Thickness
(mm)
1 - 20 21 - 40 41 - 60 61 - 80 81 - 100
Number
of books
7 9 16 13 5

Mark 15 - 24 25 - 34 35 - 44 45 - 54 55 - 64
Number of
students
22 30 24 17 7

Mass (Kg) 31 - 40 41 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80
Number of
students
5 7 14 10 4

Daily
wage
(RM)
30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 - 69 70 - 74
Number
of
workers
5 8 24 20 10 8 7 4 3

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1. Modal class is 25 34
Mode = 30.5

Mode = 57

Mode = 43.5

4. Modal class in 41 60
Mode = 54.5

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Lesson 62

Activity Sheet

Mean of Grouped Data

Name:

Class

Date:

1. The frequency distribution table shows the marks obtained by 100 students in a
competition.

Calculate the mean mark of the students.

2. The frequency distribution table shows the masses of 40 students in a class.

Calculate the mean mass of the students


Calculate the mean wage of the workers.

4. Determine the mean for the following data.

Thickness
(mm)
0 - 9 10 - 19 20 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49
Number of
books
10 12 15 11 12

Mark 15 - 24 25 - 34 35 - 44 45 - 54 55 - 64
Number of
students
22 30 24 17 7

Mass (Kg) 31 - 40 41 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80
Number of
students
5 7 14 10 4

Daily
wage
(RM)
30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 - 69 70 - 74
Number
of
workers
5 8 24 20 10 8 7 4 3

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5. Determine the mean for the following data.

Time
(minutes)
51-60 61-70 71-80 81-90 91-100
Number of
phone calls
12 13 10 15 10

Answer

1. Mean = 35.2

2. Mean = 55.75

3. Mean = 48.29

4. Mean = 25

5. Mean = 75.17

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Lesson 63

Activity Sheet

Calculating Median from Cumulative Distribution Table

Name:

Class:

Date:

competition.

Determine the median of the above data without drawing an ogive.

2. The frequency distribution table shows the masses of 40 students in a class.




4. Determine the median for the following table.

Thickness
(mm)
0 - 9 10 - 19 20 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49
Number of
books
10 12 15 11 12

Mark 15 - 24 25 - 34 35 - 44 45 - 54 55 - 64
Number of
students
22 30 24 17 7

Mass (Kg) 31 - 40 41 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80
Number of
students
5 7 14 10 4

Daily
wage
(RM)
30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 - 69 70 - 74
Number
of
workers
5 8 24 20 10 8 7 4 3

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Answer

1. Median = 33.83

2. Median = 56.21

3. Median = 46.375

4. Median = 24.83

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 64

Activity Sheet

Estimating Median of Grouped Data from an Ogive

Name:

Class

Date:

competition.

Draw an ogive for the above data and from the ogive , estimate:
i) the median mark
ii) the number of students whose marks are below 50.

2. The frequency distribution table shows the weights of 40 students in a class.

Draw an ogive for the above data and from the ogive, estimate:
i) the median
ii) the number of students whose weights are above 65 kg.

3. Estimate the median for the following data by drawing an ogive.

Thickness
(mm)
0 - 9 10 - 19 20 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49
Number of
books
10 12 15 11 12

4. Estimate the median for the following data by drawing an ogive.

Time
(minutes)
51-60 61-70 71-80 81-90 91-100
Number of
phone calls
12 13 10 15 10

Mark 15 - 24 25 - 34 35 - 44 45 - 54 55 - 64
Number of
students
22 30 24 17 7

Mass (kg) 31 - 40 41 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80
Number of
students
5 7 14 10 4

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1.

i) Median = 35.3
ii) 86 students

2.

i) Median = 56.1
ii) 10 students

C
u
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e

f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y

100

80

60

40

20
14.5 24.5 34.5 44.5 54.5 64.5
Mark

40

30

20

10
30.5 40.5 50.5 60.5 70.5 80.5
Mass (Kg)
C
u
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e

f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y

Roszelan Majid
3.

Median = 24.7

4.

Median = 73.5

60

50

40

30

20

10
0.5 9.5 19.5 29.5 39.5 49.5
Thickness (mm)
C
u
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e

f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y

60

50

40

30

20

10
50.5 60.5 70.5 80.5 90.5 100.5
Time (minutes)
C
u
m
u
l
a
t
i
v
e

f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 65

Activity Sheet

Effects on Mode, Median and Mean with Changes in Values of Data

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. A set of numbers 12, 13, 14, 18, 19 and 14 and has a mean of 15, a mode of 14 and a
median of 14.
If each number is multiplied by 3 and then is added by 10. Find the mean, mode and
median for the new set of numbers.

2. A set of numbers ( 1),( 3),(2 1),(2 3) and ( 1) k k k k k + + + and has a mean of
10, a mode of 16 and a median of 12.
If each number is multiplied by 10 and then is added by 5. Find the mean, mode and
median for the new set of numbers.

3. The mean of ten integers is 10. When two new integers, and 2 x x + , is added to it,
the new mean is 25. Find the value of x.

4 A set of numbers 3, 6, 8, 2, 3 and 5 has a mean of 4.5. Hence, deduce the value of
mean of the following set of data:

1, 2, 4, 2, 1, 1

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Answer

1. Mean = 55
Mode = 52
Median = 52

2. Mean = 105
Mode = 165
Median = 125

3. x = 99

4. Mean = 0.5

Roszelan Majid

Lesson 66

Activity Sheet

The Most Suitable Measure of Central Tendency

Name:

Class

Date:

1. Determine the mean and median for the following sets of data. State the most
suitable measure of central tendency for each of them.

i) 68, 24, 30, 26, 32, 34, 31, 35

ii) 4.0, 7.7, 4.3, 3.9, 3.9.

2. The following table shows the number of books read by a group of students in a
certain period time.

i) Determine the mean, mode and median for the data above.
ii) State the most suitable measure of central tendency to represent the data.
Explain your choice.

3. The following table shows the amount of time spent by a group of students
watching TV in a week.

i) Determine the mean, mode and median of the data.
ii) State the measure of central tendency most suitable to represent the
above data. Explain your answer.

Number of books 2 3 5 6 7 12
Number of
students
2 3 3 5 5 4

Time (hour) 0 1 2 3 4 5
Number of
students
6 8 22 6 5 3

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1.
i) Mean = 35
Median = 31.5
Median is the most suitable measure of central tendency to be used
because extreme values exist in the data.

ii) Mean = 4.76
Median = 4.0
Median is the most suitable measure of central tendency to be used
because 4 out of 5 data are close to 4.0.

2.
i) Mean = 6.41
Mode = 6 and 7
Median = 6

ii) Median is the most suitable measure of central tendency to be used
because there exists an extreme value which is 12

3.
i) Mean = 2.1
Mode = 2
Median = 2

ii) Mode because most of the students spent 2 hours to watch TV.

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 67

Activity Sheet

Range and the Interquartile Range of Ungrouped Data

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Find the range and interquartile range for each of the following sets of data.

(i) 10, 7, 19, 13, 14, 9

(ii) 4.7, 4.5, 4.8, 6.1, 5.6, 6.4, 5.2, 6.8

(iii) 20, 22, 25, 46, 47, 28, 36, 40, 37.

(iv) 14, 37,27, 17, 9,25

2. Find the range and interquartile range for the following set of data:

Score Frequency
1 2
2 7
3 14
4 6
5 11

3. The following table shows the distribution of the number of story books read by a
group of students in one month. Find the range and interquartile range.

Number of books Number of students
3 8
4 6
5 5
6 6
7 5

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1. i) Range = 12
Interquartile range = 5

ii) Range = 2.3
Interquartile range = 1.5

iii) Range = 36

iv) Range = 28

2. Range = 4

3. Range = 4

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 68

Activity Sheet

Finding the Range and Interquartile Range of Grouped Data

Name:

Class

Date:

1. The table below shows the time taken by a group of students to do an experiment.

Times
(minutes)
10 - 19 20 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49 50 - 59 60 - 69
Number of
students
5 16 12 13 4 10

Find the range and interquartile range for the data.

2. The table below shows the amount of time (in minutes) spent by a group of students
on watching television for a week.

Time(mi nutes) 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 59 40 - 44
Number of
students
5 6 10 13 16 10

Find the range and interquartile range for the above data.

3. The following frequency distribution table shows the number of houses built by 40
contractors in a year.

Find the range and interquartile range for the data.

Number of
houses
Number of
contractors
0 - 7 4
8 - 15 6
16 - 23 8
24 - 31 12
32 - 39 3
40 - 47 7

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1.

Range = 50

2.

Range = 25

3.

Range = 40

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 69

Activity Sheet

Estimating the Interquartile Range of Grouped Data from an Ogive

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. The table below shows the distribution of heights of 40 students in a class.

Height (cm) 159 162 163 166 167 170 171 174 175 178
179 - 182 183 186
Number of
students
1 4 11 12 6 4 2

Draw an ogive for the above data. From the ogive, estimate
i) the median;
ii) the interquartile range.

2. The table below shows the time taken by a group of students to do an experiment.

Time
(minutes)
10 - 19 20 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49 50 - 59 60 - 69
Number of
students
5 16 12 13 4 10
.
i) the median;

3. The table below shows the distribution of marks obtained by 80 students in a class.

Marks

0 4 5 9 10 14 15 19 20 24 25 - 29 30 34 35 - 39
Number of
students
6 9 10 12 15 11 9 8

i) the median;

Roszelan Majid
Answer

**Note: USE A GRAPH PAPER TO DRAW AN OGIVE.

1. i) median = 171.8 cm
ii) the first quartile = 168.4
the third quartile = 175 8
Interquartile range = 175.8 168.4
= 7.4 cm

2. i) median = 37 minutes
ii) Interquartile range = 23 minutes

3. i) median = 20.5
ii) the first quartile = 12
the third quartile = 28
Interquartile range = 28 12
= 16

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 70

Activity Sheet

Variance and Standard Deviation

Name:

Class

Date:

1. Calculate the variance and standard deviation for each of the following sets of
data.

i) 10, 7, 19, 13, 14, 9

ii) 4.7, 4.5, 4.8, 6.1, 5.6, 6.4, 5.2, 6.8

iii) 20, 22, 25, 46, 47, 28, 36, 40, 37.

iv) 14, 37, 27, 17, 9, 25

2. The following table shows the scores obtained by a group of participants in a quiz
competition. Find the variance and standard deviation for the data.

Score Frequency
1 2
2 7
3 14
4 6
5 11

3. The following table shows the distribution of the number of story books read by a
group of students in one month. Find the variance and standard deviation for the
data.

Number of books read Number of students
3 8
4 6
5 5
6 6
7 5

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4. Table shows the distribution of marks of 60 students in a test.

Marks 30 - 39 40 - 49 50 - 59 60 - 69 70 - 79
Number of
Students
15 5 10 12 18

Find the variance and standard deviation for the data.

Answer

1.
i) Variance = 15.33
Standard deviation = 3.916

ii) Variance = 0.6361

iii) Variance = 90.69

iv) Variance = 85.92

2. Variance = 1.444

3. Variance = 2.093

4. Variance = 253.076

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Lesson 71

Activity Sheet

Effects on Range, Interquartile Range, Variance and Standard Deviation
with Changes in Values of Data

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Find the range, interquartile range and standard deviation for each of the following
sets of data. Use the answers to find the new range, interquartile range, standard
deviation and variance, if each number in the set of data is multiplied by 5.

i) 10, 7, 19, 13, 14, 9

ii) 4.7, 4.5, 4.8, 6.1, 5.6, 6.4, 5.2, 6.8

2. Find the range, interquartile range and standard deviation for each of the following
sets of data. Use the answers to find the new range, interquartile range, standard
deviation and variance, if each number in the set of data is multiplied by 3 and then
is added by 2.

i) 20, 22, 25, 46, 47, 28, 36, 40, 37.

ii) 14, 37,27, 17, 9,25

Roszelan Majid
Answer

1. i) Range = 12

New range = 60
New Interquartile range = 25
New standard deviation = 19.58
New Variance = 97.9
ii) Range = 2.3

New range = 11.5
New Interquartile range = 7.5
New Variance = 19.94

2. i) Range = 36

New range = 108
New Interquartile range = 58.5

ii) Range = 28

New range = 83
New Interquartile range = 39

Roszelan Majid
Lesson 72

Activity Sheet

Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion Between Two Sets of Data

Name:

Class

Date:

1. In a final examination, Shamsul and Radzi scored the following marks for 5
subjects as shown below:

Shamsul: 70, 30, 70, 37, 59

Radzi : 70, 41, 62, 40, 50

i) Calculate the mean and standard deviation for both students.
ii) Based on your result in (a), comment on the performances of both students.
Whose result is more consistent? Explain.

2. The following are the average monthly incomes of two groups of people working in
two different factories.

Factory A (RM): 500, 600, 1500, 1200, 3000, 2500

Factory B (RM): 300, 800, 1700, 800, 2000, 3000

i) Calculate the mean monthly income and standard deviation for both groups
of workers
ii) Based on your result in i), comment on the performances of both groups of
workers.

3. The following data are taken for 7 days on the number of hours spent daily by two
students, Muthu and Raja on studying.

Muthu: 4, 4, 3, 4, 7, 5, 10

Raja : 4, 3, 2, 4, 8, 5, 12

i) Calculate the mean and standard deviation for both students.
ii) Based on your result in i), comment on the performances of both students.

Roszelan Majid

Answer

1. Shamsul:
Mean = 53.2

Radzi:
Mean = 52.6

Conclusion:
Having a smaller standard deviation means that the difference between each value
is smaller. This means that Radzis marks are more consistent.

2. Factory A:
Mean = 1550

Factory B:
Mean = 1433.33

Conclusion:
The salaries of the workers in the Factory B are more consistent as compared to
Factory A because the standard deviation for Factory B is much lower.

3. Muthu:
Mean = 5.29

Raja:
Mean = 5.43

Conclusion:
Since the standard deviation of Muthus time is less than the standard
deviation of Rajas time, therefore Muthus studying time is more consistent.

Roszelan Majid
1
Lesson 73

Activity Sheet

Converting Measurements in Radians to Degrees and Vice Versa

Name:

Class

Date:

1. Convert each of the following angles from radians to degrees.

i)
2
5
rad
ii)
7
9
rad
iii)
11
6
rad
iv) 1.35 rad

v) 1.98 rad

2. Convert each of the following angles from radians to degrees.

i) 0.1356 rad
ii) 0.5874 rad
iii) 1.7213 rad
iv) 1.3253 rad
v) 1.5962 rad

3. Convert the following angles from degrees to radians and state the answers in
terms of .

i) 30
ii) 135
iii) 225
iv) 270
v) 315

4. Convert each of the following angles from degrees to radians.

i) 14.0
ii) 138.9
iii) 225.6
iv) 5913
v) 20945

2
Answer

1. i) 72
ii) 140
iii) 330
iv) 243
v) 356.4

2. i) 7.77

ii) 33.66

iii) 98.62

iv) 75.93

v) 91.46

3. i)
6
rad

ii)
3
4
rad

iii)
5
4
rad

iv)
3
2
rad

v)
7
4
rad

4. i) 0.2443 rad

ii) 2.4243 rad

iii) 3.9375 rad

iv) 1.0336 rad

v) 3.6608 rad

1
Lesson 74

Activity Sheet

Arc Length, Radius and Angle

Name:

Class

Date:

1. Find the arc length, s, of the following circle given that:

Radius, r = 7 cm, = 1.2 rad

2. Find the arc length, s, of the following circle given that:

Radius, r = 6 cm, = 145

3. Find the angle in the following circle.

4. Find the angle in the following circle.

5. Given the angle subtended at the centre, = 53 and the arc length of a circle,
s = 10.50 cm, find the radius of the circle.

2

6. Given the angle subtended at the centre and the arc length of a circle, find the
radius of the circle.

3
Answer

1. 8.4 cm

2. 15.18 cm

3. 4.8571 rad

4. 1.3582 rad

5. 11.35 cm

6. 7.459 cm

1
Lesson 75

Activity Sheet

Perimeter of Segments of a Circle

Name:

Class

Date:

1. Find the perimeter of the minor segment of the following circle.



2

4. A chord of a circle of radius 12 cm is 8 cm long.
Find the angle subtended at the centre of the circle and hence find the
perimeter of the minor segment of the circle.

3
Answer

1. 13.65 cm

2. 23.94 cm

3. 10.24 cm

4. 16.16 cm

1
Lesson 76

Activity Sheet

Problems Involving Lengths of Arcs

Name:

Class

Date:

1. Determine the length of arc of the shaded region.


3. Determine the radius of the circle in the following diagram.

2
4. Determine the radius of the circle in the following diagram.

5. Determine the radius of the circle in the following diagram. Give your answer in
radians.

6. Determine the radius of the circle in the following diagram. Give your answer in
radians.

3

7.

The diagram shows two sectors with centre O. Given that the angle QOR is
0.5 rad, the length of arc QR is 5 cm and the ratio of radius OR to radius OS
is 4:3, find
a. the length of arc PS ;
b. the perimeter of the shaded region.

8.

The above diagram shows a circle with centre O and of radius 6 cm. AE is
parallel to BD with BD is 6 cm and AOE is 150. Determine:
a. BOD in radians;
b. the perimeter of the shaded region.

4
Answer

1. 5.24 cm

2. 27 cm

3. 2 cm

4. 2.5 cm

5. 1.4 rad

6. 4 rad

7. a) 3.75 cm

b) 13.75 cm

8. a) 1.0472 rad

b) 27.03 cm

1
Lesson 77

Activity Sheet

Area of Sector, Radius and Angle

Name:

Class

Date:

1. Find the area of a minor sector AOB.

2. Find the area of the following shaded region.

2
3. The diagram below shows a sector of a circle POQ, with centre O. Given that
the area and the angle of the sector are 48.5 cm and 145 respectively, find the
radius of the circle.

4. A sector of a circle below has an area of 36.3
2
cm and a radius of 3.5 cm. Find
the angle, of the sector.

3
Answer

1. 18.4 cm
2

2. 69.74 cm
2

3. 6.19 cm

4. 5.9265 rad

1
Lesson 78

Activity Sheet

Areas of Segments of Circles

Name:

Class

Date:

1. Find the area of the shaded segment of the following circle.



2

4. A chord of a circle of radius 14 cm is 12.5 cm long. Find the angle subtended at
the centre of the circle by the chord and hence find the area of the segment of
the circle.

3
Answer

1. 0.89 cm
2

2. 38.29 cm
2

3. 45.41 cm
2

4. 12.38 cm
2

1
Lesson 79

Activity Sheet

Problems Involving Area of Sectors

Name:

Class

Date:

1. Find the area of the shaded region.


3. An automobile windshield wiper blade, of 20 cm long, rotates through an angle
of 60. If the rubber part of the blade is 16 cm long, find the area of the
windshield cleaned by the windshield wiper?

2
4. En. Zulkifli has a circular garden that has a radius of 10 metres and a pathway
which is 2 meter wide all the way around the garden. He wants to build a fish
pond in the shaded area, as shown in the diagram. Can you help him calculate
the area of the pond?

5. Find the area of following figure .

6. Find the area of the shaded region.

7. Find the area of following figure.

3
Answer

1. 57.05 cm

2. 38.76 cm

3. 201.09 cm
2

4. 25.14 m
2

5. 804.25 cm
2

6. 182.94 cm
2

7. 159.27 cm
2

1
Lesson 80

Activity Sheet

Limit

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Find the limit of the following functions:

i)
0
lim
x
(2 3) + x

ii)
4
lim
n
2
16
4

+

n
n

2. Find the limit of the following functions:

i)
2
5
5
lim
5

x
x x
x

ii)
2
2
6 16
lim
2

+

n
n n
n

3. Find the
2
2
3
lim
2

+

x
x
x
.

2
Answer

1. i) 3

ii) 8

2. i) 5

ii) 6

3. 3

1
Lesson 81

Activity Sheet

The First Derivative as Gradient of Tangent

Name:

Class

Date:

1. Find the gradient of the chord joining points ( ) 0, 2 A and ( ) 1, 2 B .

2. Find the gradient of the chord joining points
( )
1,7 P and
( )
1, 3 Q .

2
3. Find the first derivative of the function
2
2 5 = y x by using the concept of
differentiation as the gradient of a tangent to a curve.

4. Find the first derivative of the function
2
3 2 4 = + y x x by using the concept of
differentiation as the gradient of a tangent to a curve.

3
Answer

1. 4

2. 5

3. 4 x

4. 6 x + 2

1
Lesson 82

Activity Sheet

Finding the First Derivative of Polynomials Using the First Principles

Name:

Class

Date:

1. Determine the first derivative of the function using the first principle
2
1
3
= y x .

2. Determine the first derivative of the function using the first principle
3
3
4
= y x .

3. Determine the first derivative of the function using the first
principle
2
1
5
2
= + y x x .

2
Answer

1.
2
3
x

2.
9
4
2
x

3. 10 x
1

2
+

1
Lesson 83

Activity Sheet

The First Derivative of the Function y = ax
n

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Find
dy
dx
of the following functions.

i)
8
2 = y x

ii)
4
= y x

iii)
5
6 = y x

iv)
3
5

= y x

v)
17 = y x

vi)
8 = y

2. Find
dy
dx
of the following functions.

i)
5
6
3 y x =

ii)
8
9
3
4
y x =

iii)
7
5
5
7
y x =

iv)
1
15
5

= y x

2
Answer

1. i)
7
16x

ii)
3
4x

iii)
4
30x

iv)
4
15

x

v) 17

vi) 0

2. i)
1
6
5
2
x

ii)
1
9
2
3
x

iii)
2
5
x

iv)
16
15
1
3
x

1
Lesson 84

Activity Sheet

Value of First Derivative of the Function y = ax
n

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Given that
6
3 y x = , find
dy
dx
. Hence, calculate the value of
dy
dx
when 2 x = .

2. Given that
4
27 y x
= , find
dy
dx
. Hence, calculate the value of
dy
dx
when 3 x = .

3. Find the first derivative,
dy
dx
, for the function
4
3
4
y x
= . Hence, calculate the

value of
dy
dx
when 4 x = .

dy
dx
, for the function
3
12
17
y
x
value of
dy
dx
when 4 x = .

dy
dx
, for the function
7
16
25
y
x
value of
dy
dx
when 2 x = .

2
Answer

1. 576

2.
4
9

3.
3
1024

4.
4
153

5.
7
400

1
Lesson 85

Activity Sheet

Differentiating Functions Involving Addition and Subtraction

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Differentiate each of the following functions with respect to x.

i)
2
4 3 y x

ii)
3 2
6 3 7 + y x x

iii) ( 2)(4 3) + y x x

2. Find:

i)
3 1
+
1
]
d
t
dt t

ii)
2
2
2 3 1
1
]
d t t
dt t

iii)
2
(4 3) 1
1
]
d t
dt t

3. Find f (x) for each of the following:

i)
2
1 1
( ) 1 + + f x
x x

ii)
2
1
( ) 3 5 + f x x
x

iii)
2
2
( )
_
+

,
f x x
x

2

Answer

1. i) 6 x

ii)
2
18 6 + x x

iii) 8 5 x

2. i)
2
3
1
t

ii)
2
3
t

iii)
2
9
16
t

3. i)
3 2
2 1

x x

ii)
2
1
6 + x
x

iii)
3
8
2 x
x

1
Lesson 86

Activity Sheet

Differentiating Products of Two Polynomials

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Find
dy
dx
for the following function (2 9)(3 2) y x x = .

2. Find the derivative of the following function
4
2 (3 7) y x x = + .

3. Differentiate the following function
3 2
(2 5 )(3 7 ) y x x x x = + + .

4. Find '( ) f x for the following function
3 2 2
( ) (4 3 5 2)( ) f x x x x x x = + + + .

2
Answer

1. 12 31 x

2.
4 3
30 56 + x x

3.
4 3 2
30 56 45 70 + + + x x x x

4.
4 3 2
20 4 6 6 2 + x x x x

1
Lesson 87

Activity Sheet

Differentiating Quotients of Two Polynomials

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Given that
2
2
3
x
y
x
=
, find
dy
dx
.

2. Differentiate
2
5
3 7
x
y
x
=
+
with respect to x .

3. Differentiate
4
2
4
1 3
x
y
x
+
=
+
with respect to x.

4. Given that
4
2
4
1 3
x
y
x
+
=
+
, find
dy
dx
.

5. Given that
5
3
2
3 8
x
y
x
+
=
+
, find
dy
dx
.

2
Answer

1.
2
2
2 12
( 3)
x x
x

2.
2
2 2
3 30 7
(3 7)

x x
x

3.
4 2
3 2
8 18 40
(5 2 )
+ +
x x x
x

4.
5 3
2 2
6 4 24
(1 3 )
+ +
+
x x x
x

5.
7 4 2
3 2
6 40 18
(3 8)
+
+
x x x
x

1
Lesson 88

Activity Sheet

Differentiating Composite Functions Using the Chain Rule

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Find
dy
dx
for the following function
4 3
(1 5 ) y x = .

5
(3 7) y x

= + .

3. Find the derivative of the following function
4
(2 5 ) (3 7) y x x = + .

4. Find '( ) f x for the following function
2 4
( ) (7 2)(5 1) f x x x = .

2
(3 1)
(2 5 )
x
y
x
.

2
Answer

1.
3 4 2
60 (1 5 ) x x

2.
6
15
(3 7)
+ x

3.
[ ]
3
(2 5 ) 75 134 + x x

4.
3 2
2(5 1) 105 7 20

x x x

5.
3
(15 4)
(2 5 )
x
x

1
Lesson 89

Activity Sheet

The Gradient of Tangent at a Point on a Curve

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Find the gradient of the tangent to the curve (5 1)(2 3) y x x = at the
point (3,4) A .

2. Determine the gradient of the tangent to the curve
5
4 7
y
x
=
at the point (0,5) .

3. The gradient of the tangent to the curve
3
( ) f x ax bx = + at the point (2, 22)is 3.
Find the values of a and b.

2
Answer

1. 43

2.
20
49

3. 15, 1 = = a b

1
Lesson 90

Activity Sheet

The Equation of Tangent at a Point on a Curve

Name:

Class:

Date:

1. Find the equation of tangent to the function
3 2
2 5 2 y x x x = + + at the
point
1
1 , 5
2

.

2. Find the equation of tangent to the curve (2 9)(3 2) = y x x at the point
where 4 = x .

3. Find the equation of tangent to the curve
3
( 4) (3 7) = y x x at the point (3, 2) .

2
3
( )
3 2
x
f x
x
at the point where 1 = x .

3 2
2 4 = + y x x xwhich is parallel to
the tangent at the point (2,8).

2
Answer

1. 4 22 53 = + y

2. 17 78 = y x

3. 3 11 = y x

4. 2 = y x

5. 27 216 40 = + y x

1
Lesson 91

Activity Sheet

Equation of Normal at a Point on a Curve

Name:

Class

Date:

1. Find the equation of the normal to the curve
2
4 3 1 = + y x x at the point
( ) 1,0 .

2. Find the equation of the normal to the curve
( )( )
2 3
3 7 y x x = at the point
( ) 1, 8 .

3. Given that the normal to the curve
3
2 1
x
y
x
=
+
at the point ( ) 0, 3
intersects the
x -axis at point A. Find the coordinates of point A.

2
Answer

1. 5 1 = + y x

2. 7 = + y x

3.
( )
21,0

1
Lesson 92
Activity Sheet
The Turning Points; Maximum and Minimum
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Determine the coordinates of the turning point of the
function
2
2 8 y x x = . Hence, determine whether the point is a
maximum or minimum.

function
9
y x
x
= +
. Hence, determine whether the point(s) is/are
maximum or minimum.

function
3 2
2 21 60 y x x x = + . Hence, determine whether the point(s)
is/are maximum or minimum.

function
4 2
( 3) y x x = . Hence, determine whether the point(s) is/are
maximum or minimum.

2
Answer

1. Minimum point

2. (3, 6) is a minimum point
( 3 , 6 ) is a maximum point

(2, 52) is a maximum point

4. (0, 0) is maximum point
( 2, 4) is a maximum point
2 x = is a minimum point

1
Lesson 93
Activity Sheet
Problems involving maximum and minimum values
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Of all numbers whose sum is 40, find the two that have the maximum
product.

2. The diagram shows a solid consisting of a cone on a cylinder of radius x
cm. It is given that the length of the slanting side of the cone is 3x cm and
the volume of the solid is 54 cm
3
.

a) Show that the total surface area of the solid, A cm
2
, is given by
3
108
4 A x
x
= + .
b) Find the minimum value of the total surface area of the solid.

3. A box in the shape of a cuboid has a height of y cm and a square base of
x cm. If the volume of the box is 64 cm
3
, find the value of x and y such
that the total length of sides of the box is minimum.

2
Answer

1. x = 20, y = 20

2. A = 68

3. x = 4, y = 4

1
Lesson 94
Activity Sheet
Rates of Change for Related Quantities
Name:
Class: Date:

1. The area of a drop of ink blot of radius r is increasing at a constant rate of
20 cm/ s . Find the rate of change of radius, r when r = 3 cm.

2. The diagram shows an ice block with a base of x cm and the height is 6
times its side. The sides x are decreasing at the rate of 0.01 cm
1
s . At
what rate is the volume of the ice block changing when its total surface
area is 416 cm.

x
6x
x

3. The volume V cm
3
, of a sphere of radius r cm is given by
3
4
3
V r = . If the
rate of change of the radius is 2 cm/s. Find the rate of change of the
volume when r = 5 cm.

2
Answer

1. Rate = 1.061 cm/s

2. Decreasing rate = 2.88
1 3
c ms

3. Increasing rate = 200
3
cm /s

1
Lesson 95
Activity Sheet
Small Changes in Quantities and Approximation of Values
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Given that
4 3
5 3 2 y x x x = + , find the approximate change in y when x
increases from 1 to 0.98 . State whether the change is an increase or a
decrease.

2. Given that
2
4 y x x = , find the approximate change in x when y
decreases from 3 to 2.97.

3. An opened cylindrical can has a fixed height of 12 cm. Find the
approximate increase in the total surface area of the can if the radius of
the can increases from 6 cm to 6.02 cm.

4. Find the approximate decrease in the radius, r of a hemispherical
container if the volume of the container decreases from 18 cm
3
to
16 cm
3
.

2
5. Given that
4
17
x
y
=
, find the value of
dy
dx
when 2 x = . Hence, estimate
the value of
4
( 2.02)
17
.

6. Given that
4
12
y
x
=
, find the value of
dy
dx
when 4 x = . Hence, estimate the
value of
3
12
(4.04)
.

7. Given that 2 y x = + , find the value of
dy
dx
when 2 x = .
Hence, estimate the value of 3.98.

3
Answer

1. 0.62 y = , and the change is a decrease

2. When 1 x = , the approximation change in 0.015 x =
When 3 x = , the approximation change in 0.015 x =

3. 0.72 cm
2

4. 0.11cm

5. 0.003553

6. 0.0450

7. 1.995

1
Lesson 96
Activity Sheet
Second Derivatives of Functions; Maximum and Minimum
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Determine the second derivatives of the following functions:

i)
3
2
3
y x =

ii)
2
1
y
x
=

iii) ( ) (5 )(3 ) f x x x = +

iv)
4 3 2
3 5 4 5 9 y x x x x = + +

v)
4
5 3
( )
x
f x
x
=

2. Determine the turning point of the function
4 2
8 5 y x x = + . Hence determine
whether the turning point is a maximum or a minimum by using the second
derivative.

3. Determine the turning point of the function
3 2
15 63 50 y x x x = + . Hence
determine whether the turning point is a maximum or a minimum by using
the second derivative.

2
Answer

1. i)
2
2
4
d y
x
dx
=

ii)
2
4
2
6
d y
x
dx
=

iii) ( ) 2 f x =

iv)
2
2
2
36 30 8
d y
x x
dx
= +

v)
6
100 36
( )
x
f x
x
=

2. (0,5) is a maximum point
(2, 11) is a minimum point
( 2, 11) is a minimum point

(3,31) is a maximum point

1
Lesson 97
Activity Sheet
Problems Involving Maximum and Minimum Using the Second Derivative
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Of all numbers whose sum is 40, find the two that have the maximum
product.

2. The diagram shows a solid consisting of a cone on a cylinder of radius
x cm. It is given that the length of the slanting side of the cone is 3x cm
and the volume of the cylinder is 54 .

a) Show that the total surface area of the solid, A cm, is given by

x
108 2
A = 4x + .

b) Find the minimum value of the total surface area of the solid.

2
Answer

1. x = 20, y = 20

2. b) 68

1
Lesson 98
Activity Sheet
Sine Rule
Name:
Class: Date:

1. In the triangle PQR, Q = 34 , PQ = 8 cm, PR = 5.6 cm.
Calculate P and the length of RQ.

Q
R P
34
o
8 c m
5.6 c m

2. In the triangle ABC, C = 47 , B = 34 and a= 12 cm.
Calculate b and c.

B
12 cm
c
A
C
b
o
47
o
34

3. Solve the triangle XYZ is, given ZY = 6 cm, YX = 7 cm, Z = 29.45 .

X
Y
Z
29.45
o
7 c m
6 cm

2

Answer

1. P = 92.97
RQ = 10 cm

2. b = 6.75 cm
c = 8.83 cm

3. X Z = 11.57 c m
Y = 125.62
X = 24.93

1
Lesson 99
Activity Sheet
Using Sine Rule in an Ambiguous Case
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Solve the following triangle for which m = 7.5 cm, K = 55 and k = 6.2 cm.

K
L
6.2 cm
7.5 cm
M2
M1
55
o

2. Solve the following triangle.

C
B
A
25 m
100 m
10
o

3. For the following triangle PQR, state whether there exists an ambiguity case
and hence solve the triangle PQR : Q = 5210' cm, p =13.2 cm and
q = 10.5 cm.

P1
P2
Q
R
13.2c m
5210'
10.5 c m

2
Answer

1. 3.47 c m

2. 136.02 , 33.98 , 80.49 C B b = = = cm

3.
1 2 2
83.17 , 96.83 , 31 , P P PRQ = = =

1 2
9.34 , 6.85 QP QP = = cm cm

1
Lesson 100
Activity Sheet
Problems Involving the Sine Rule
Name:
Class: Date:

1. The diagram below consists of two triangles ABC and ACD. Given that AB =
6 cm, AC = 8 cm, ABC = 53 , CAD = 51 and ADC = 63. Find:
a ) ACB,
b ) the length of CD.

C
D
8 cm
A
6 cm
B
51
o
53
o
63
o

2. The diagram below shows Pak Alis triangular garden with AB = 11 m, AC =
8.6 m and ABC = 44 .

C
B
A
11 m
8.6 m

a) Find the obtuse angle ACB;
b) Find the length of BC;
c) Sketch and label another triangle that is different from ABC such that the
lengths of AB and BC and the angle BAC are maintained.
d) Based on the new triangle in c), state the acute angle ACB.

2
3. Kumar stands on the top of the building. He observes a gray car at the angle of
depression of 38 . Kumar is told by his friend, Sally, that the angle of elevation
from the lorry to the top of the building is 47 . Given that the car and the lorry are
9 m apart, find:

a) the distance of AD;

b) the distance of AC;

c) the height of the building.

3
Answer

1. a) 36.8
b) 6.98 cm

2. a) 117.3
b) 3.97 m
c)

d) 61.85

3. a) 42.09 m
b) 35.43 m
c) 25.91 m

A
11 m
3.97 m
8.6 m
3.97 m
117.3
o
18.7
o
44
o
C
C
1
B
1
Lesson 101
Activity Sheet
Cosine Rule
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Find the value of k.

5.3 cm
7.4 c m
20.8
J
L
K
o
k

2. Find the value of l.

5.5 cm
1.3 c m 126.4
J
L
K
o
l

3. Find the value of B.

7.4 cm 4.6 cm
A
C
B
5.3 cm

2

4. Find the value of R.

6.1 cm
7.5 c m
R
T
S
3.1 cm

5. Find all the angles in the following XYZ.

4.42 c m
4.3 c m
X
Z
Y
3.4 c m

6. Find all the interior angles of the following RST.

6.4 cm
4.2 cm
R
T
S
39.8
o

3
Answer

1. 3.09 cm

2. 6.36 cm

3. 45.36

4. 104.44

5. X = 45.86
Y = 68.89
Z = 65.28

6. T = 40.26, R = 99.94

1
Lesson 102
Activity Sheet
Problems Involving the Cosine Rule
Name:
Class: Date:

1. Points A and B are on the opposite sides of a lake. A third point C is chosen
and the distance from A to C and B to C are found to be 325 m and 463 m
respectively. The angle at C between the lines AC and BC is 67.3 . Find the
distance between A and B.

B
A
C
325
452
65.3

2. The lengths of two adjacent sides of a parallelogram are 12 cm and 15 cm.
The angle between them is 43.2 . Find the lengths of the diagonals.

5 1
2 1
2 . 3 4

3. A triangular piece of land is bordered by three roads of distances 2.3 km, 1.2 km
and 3.1 km respectively.
What is the largest angle in the triangle?

2.3 km
C
3.1km
B
A
1.2 km

2
Answer

1. 432.62 m

2. 10.32 cm and 25.13 cm

3. The largest angle is 121.45 A =

1
Lesson 103
Activity Sheet
Problems Involving the Sine and Cosine Rules
Name:
Class: Date:

1. The length of two adjacent sides of a parallelogram is 13 cm and 8 cm. The
angle between them is 50. Find the lengths of the diagonals and angle
. ABD
B
A
C
8 cm
13 cm
50
o
D

2. A car travels in a straight line for 17 km to town A. It then travels another
23 km to town B as in diagram. How fa r is it from the starting point, O?
Calculate . AOB

B
A
17 km
23 km
28
o
O

3. Points R, S and T are marked on the ground. The angle of elevation of U
from S and T are 65 and 43 respectively.
Find UR.

R
U
T
65
o
7 m S
43
o
9 m

2
Answer

1. 9.96 cm and 19.15 cm
88.85

2. 73.04

3. 14.85 cm

1
Lesson 104
Activity Sheet
Areas of Triangles
Name:
Class: Date:

1.

5 c m
10 c m
C
B
A
20
o

The above diagram shows ABC. Given that AB = 5 cm, and BC = 10 cm and
ABC = 20 . Find the area of ABC.

2. Given that the area of ABC is 35 cm
3
, find the value of A.

8 cm
16 c m
C
B
A

3.

8 c m
C
B
A
7 c m
34.7
o

The above diagram shows ABC. Given that AC = 8 cm, BC = 7 cm and
BAC =34.7. Find the area of ABC.

2
4.

9.3 m
10.8 m
C
B
A
5.4 m

The above diagram shows ABC. Given that AB = 9.3 m, BC = 5.4 m and
AC = 10.8 m. Find the area of ABC.

5.

5.9 cm
P
R
Q
3.3 cm
100
o

The diagram shows PQR. Given that PR = 3.3 cm, QR = 5.9 cm and
R = 100 .
i) Find the length of PQ;
ii) Sketch and label another triangle that is different from PQR such that the
lengths of PR and PQ and the angle PQR are maintained. Hence, find the
area of this new triangle.

3
Answer

1. 8.55 cm
2

2. 146.8

3. 27.08 m
2

4. 25.11 m
2

5. i) 7.2 cm
ii) 11.4 cm
2

1
Lesson 105
Activity Sheet
Problems Involving Three-Dimensional Objects
Name:
Class: Date:

1.

N
A
P
Q
M
L
K
9 cm
32
o
20
o
7 cm

The above diagram shows a triangular prism with a uniform cross-section of a
right-angled triangle LKP. Given that KL = 7 cm, PQ = 9 cm, KLP = 20 ,
APL = 32 and A is the midpoint of MN, find
a) the length of LP;
b) LAP;
c) the area of ALP.

2.

10.7 cm
A
D
B
C
10 c m
6.5 cm

The above diagram shows a pyramid with a horizontal triangular base ABC
such that AB = 6.5 cm, AC = BC = 10.7 cm and AD = BD = 10 cm. Find:
a) the length of CD if the angle between the plane ABD and the base ABC
is 35 ;
b) BAC if the area of the base ABC is 13.3 cm
2
;
c) the area of BCD.

2

3.

3 cm
Q
U
P
S
7 c m
T
R
37
o

The above diagram shows a prism with a uniform cross-section of a triangle
PQR. Given that PQ = 7 cm, PR = 3 cm and TSU = 37 , find

a) the area of the triangle PQR;
b) the length of PS if the volume of the prism is 56 cm ;
c) the total area of the rectangular surfaces.

3
Answer

1. a) 7.45 cm
b) 24.12
c) 29.87 cm
2

2. a) 5.96 cm
b) 22.5
c) 28.2 cm
2

3. a) 6.32 cm
2

b) 8.86 cm
c) 145.10 cm
2

1
Lesson 106
Activity Sheet
Index Number and Price Index
Name:
Class: Date:

1. The number of digital cameras sold by a dealer in the year 2004 and 2005
were 850 units and 1020 units respectively. Calculate the sales index of
digital cameras for the year 2005 with the year 2004 as the base year.

2. The price index of a kilogram of chicken for the year 2005 based on the year
2004 is 96. Calculate the price of a kilogram of chicken for the year 2004 if
its price in the year 2005 was RM5.80.

3. The price of a motoring magazine in the year 2005 was RM4.50. Early in the
year 2006, the price index of the magazine was 112. Calculate the price of
the magazine, to the nearest RM, for the year 2006 if the year 2005 is taken
as the base year.

2
Answer

1. 120

2. RM6.04

3. RM5.00

1
Lesson 107
Activity Sheet
Composite Index
Name:
Class: Date:

1. The table shows the price indices of fruits and their weightages in the year
2005 based on the year 2004. Calculate the composite index for the year
2005.

Item Price index Weightage
Banana 115
110
105
120
5
3
2
4
Apple
Orange
Strawberry

2. The price indices of three types of vegetables in the year 2005 with 2004 as
the base year were 110, 96 and 120 respectively. Their respective
weightages were 3, 4 and 3. Calculate the composite index for the year 2005.

3. The table shows the prices (in RM) of three modes of transport fare and their
weightages in the years 2004 and 2005. Calculate the composite index for the
year 2005 using 2004 as the base year.

Transport
Fare
Taxi
Bus
Train
1
5
3
Weightage
Price (RM)
2004 2005
7.5
4.00
5.90
9.00
4.60
7.00

2
Answer

1. 113.93

2. 107.4

3. 116.77

1
Lesson 108
Activity Sheet
Index Number and Weightage
Name:
Class: Date:

1. The following table shows the price indices of four types of consumer
products for the year 2005 based on the year 2000 and their respective
weightages.

Item Price Index Weightage
Ric e
p 2
Bread 96 1
Cooking Oil
Coffee 105
3
4
98

If the composite index for the year 2005 based on the year 2000 is 100, find
the value of p.

weightages.

It em Pric e Index Weightage
Television
a
6
Radio
132
3
Vac uum Cleaner
Refrigerator 136
5
7
124

the value of a.

weightages.

Item Pric e Index Weightage
Medicine x 4
Beauty Care 142 6
Eye Care
Hair Care 126
3
3
x

If the composite index for the year 2001 based on the year 1995 is 128.5, find
the value of x.
2

4. The following table shows the price indices of four types of consumer products
for the year 2001 based on the year 1995 and their respective weightages.

Item Pric e Index Weightage
T-Shirt w
Trousers 93 5
Blouse
Nec k-Tie 86
4
6
97
87

the value of w.

5. The following table shows the price indices of four types of vegetables in a
supermarket for the year 2005 based on the year 2000 and their respective
weightages.

Item Price Index Weightage
Carrot
y
5
Tomato 108
114
Brinjal
Broccoli 118
3
6
120

the value of y.

3
Answer

1. 95

2. 150

3. 118

4. 6

5. 4

1
Lesson 109
Activity Sheet
Problems Involving Index Number and Composite Index
Name:
Class: Date:

1. The table shows the price indices and percentage for the different modes of
transport that students used in a college for the year 2004 based on the year
2003.
Transport Pric e Index Weightage
Car 50
Bus 105 30
Motorcycle
Taxi 120
15
5
110
115

a) Calculate the composite index of the transport fares for the year 2004
based on the year 2003.
b) The cost of petrol was increased by 10% from the year 2004 to 2005.
Find the composite index for the year 2005 based on the year 2003.

2. The table shows the year end expenditures and their respective weightages
of a family for the year 2003 and 2004. Find:

Price (RM)
2003
Price (RM)
2004
Price
Index
Weightage Item
Book
Bag
Shoes
40
65
25
28
30
42
110
120
112
2
1
4
3
z
y
x Sc hool uniform

a) The values of x, y, and z.
b) The composite index for the year 2004 based on the 2003.
c) The composite index of the items for the year 2004 if the price index
of school uniforms increases by 2% and for books by 5% from the
year 2003 to 2004. The price indices of the other items remain the
same.

2
Answer

1. a) 2004 I = 111.5

b) 2005 I = 122.65

2. a) x = 105, y = 71.50, z = 25

b) I = 109.9

c) 2005 I = 112.73

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Activity Sheet Lesson 1

= . Hence, calculate the

at the point (0,5) .

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