Determining 1.

Purpose

of a Reaction through a Reaction

a. Determining the value of calorimetric constant through experiment b. Determining enthalpy change of reaction through experiment

2. Theory
A calorimetric is an apparatus used to measure the amount of heat given out or taken in during a certain process. A simple calorimeter consists of an insulated container; a stirring device, and a thermometer. The pressure in the calorimeter is relatively constant, and then the change in heat of system is equal to the change in enthalpy. It is represented by using the following equation.

Because the calorimeter container is wrapped using an insulator material, it is considered that there is no heat absorbed and released by the system from and into the environment, so the heat of the system is equal to zero.

In this case, the amount of heat of the calorimeter can be determined using the equation as follows.

Where: CK = the heat capacity of the calorimeter (J/0C or J/K)

3. Chemical Equipment and Chemical Material

a. Chemical equipment:
Calorimeter 1 pc Beaker glass 100mL Pipette 2 pc Thermometer 1 pc Spatula 1 pc Stopwatch Stirring Rod 1 pc

Volumetric flask 25 2 pc Aquades Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) solution (1M) Hydrochloric acid solution (1M)

b. Chemical material:

4. Procedure
a. Determining the value of calorimeter constant
a. Set the calorimeter b. Measure 25 mL of water. Enter the water into the calorimeter, stir and record the temperature (T1) in calorimeter every 30 seconds until fourth minute. Record the result in the table 1. c. At the fourth minute, enter 25 mL of warm water, T2 (the minimum temperature of the water is 350C and the maximum temperature is 450C) to the calorimeter d. Record the temperature of the water in the calorimeter every 30 seconds until eight minutes or until it reach constant temperature

b. Determining the change of enthalpy reaction

a. Measure the initial temperature of NaOH and HCl solutions. If those of solution are different in temperature record the average of initial temperature b. Pour 25 mL of NaOH 1 M solution into the calorimeter c. Pour 25 mL of HCl 1 M solution into the calorimeter d. Pour the HCl solutions into the calorimeter and stir, so there occurs an chemical reaction between NaOH and HCl solutions e. Observe and write down the change of temperature until the temperature constant. Write down the constant temperature recorded at the thermometer

5. Result of Experiment
a. Determining the value of calorimeter T1 = C T2 = C Time (minutes) Temperature (C) Time (minutes) 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 (addition of hot water) 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8

Temperature (C) 31 31 30.5 30.2 30.1 30.1 30.1 30.1

b. Determining thr change of entalphy reaction Object Result NaOH 1 M Solution Mass= 12.5 gram Mole= 1 mole Tinitial= 29 C HCl 1 M solution Mass= 12.5 gram Mole= 1 Tinitial= 29 C Average of initial temperature 29OC

After Mixing NaOH + HCl Time (minutes) Temperature (C) 0 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 Final temperature (Tfinal) The Change of temperature

35 35 34 34 34 34 34

34 5

6. Discussion

T C
40

EXTRAPOLATION DIAGRAM

35

T3
30

T1 T2
25

Extrapolation (Initial temperature of cold water)

20

15

10

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5

Time (minutes)

Where: T1 = T initial of cold water T2 = T after extrapolation of cold water T3 = T after extrapolation (Cold water + hot water) T4 = T initial of hot water m = total mass of cold water and hot water (used in Qrelease and Qrecieve)

7. Conclusion
Value of calorimetric is 458. 1818182 J/g0C is constant during the experiment and the entalphy change for this experiment is -99136.36364 J/mole.

8. Answer Question
a. The heat not only absorbed by the cold water but also the calorimeter q lepas = q serap q hot water = (q calorimeter + q cold water) m.Cwater. = (Ccalorimeter. + m. Cwater. ) so, q hot water q cold water b. T initial T final = 5OC c. q hot water = -(q calorimeter + q cold water) (25mL. 1 g/mL). 4.2J/gOC. (36OC-30.1 OC) = -(Ccalorimeter. (29 OC-30.1 OC) + (25mL. 1 g/mL). 4.2J/gOC. (29 OC-30.1 OC) 619.5 J = -(-1.1 Ccalorimeter + -115.5 J) 619.5 J-115.5 J= 1.1 Ccalorimeter Ccalorimeter = 458. 1818182 J/g0C d. H = Qreaction Qreaction = -((Ccalorimeter + (VNAOH + VHCL) Cwater) Qreaction = -((458. 1818182 J/g0C + (12.5 mL + 25 mL) 1g/cm3) 5 ) Qreaction = -2478.409091 Joule H = Qreaction = = -99136.36364 J/mole

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