Submitted by: Anicia Mae Nantin

Brief info:
From a distance, at ground level, the skyscrapers of Makati are an impressive sight. But you should see Makati from a plane or a helicopter. The view is simply majestic. And to think that when it was founded in 1670 - as a visita of Sta. Ana de Sapa under the jurisdiction of the Franciscans - this was swampland, practically a wilderness, dismissed by Juan Miguel de Legazpi as worthless in 1571. Yet over the centuries, this small community would leave large imprints in social, economic and cultural history. The friars established two of the earliest churches in the Philippines - the Nuestra Seora de Gracia in Guadalupe and the Church of Sts. Peter and Paul - in Makati, drawing pilgrims from all over the country. At the turn of the century, the Americans established Fort McKinley in Makati, and in 1901, San Pedro de Makati, with a population of 2,500, was incorporated into the province of Rizal. On February 28, 1914, the Philippine Legislature passed Act 2390, shortening the name San Pedro Makati to Makati in the 1930''''s, the first airport, Nielson Airport, opened in what is now the Ayala Triangle. The first centrally planned community was established in the 1950''''s, and since the 1970''''s, Makati has been the undisputed financial and commercial capital, the once worthless swampland becoming prime real property. Makati has also figured prominently in the political history of the Filipino. The community was one of the cradles of the revolt against Spanish colonial rule, and following the assassination of Ninoy Aquino in 1983, the epicenter of the protest movement against dictatorial rule.

History:
According to tradition, the first governor-general of the Philippines Miguel Lpez de Legazpi while exploring a swamp near the Pasig River, asked for the name of the place but, because of the language barrier, was misinterpreted by the Tagalogs. Pointing to the receding tide of Pasig River, the Tagalogs answered, Makati, kumakati na, literally meaning ebbing tide. American occupation By 1898, Spain ceded the Philippines to the United States after the former's defeat in the Spanish-American War. In 1901, the Americans declared the whole land south of Pasig River, including the town of San Pedro de Macati, down to Alabang a U.S. Military Reservation; thus establishing Fort McKinley which now widely known as the Fort Bonifacio. That same year, the whole town, with a population of 25,000, was incorporated from Manila to the province of Rizal. In February 28, 1914, the The Philippine Legislature passed Act 2390, shortening the name San Pedro de Macati to simply Makati. In 1930s, the first airport in Luzon, Nielsen Field, opened in what is now the Ayala Triangle. Post-World War II Urbanization After the World War II, the town grew rapidly, and the real estate property boomed. The first centrally planned communities were established in the 1950s with the help and support of the Ayala family, and since the 1970s, Makati has been the undisputed financial and commercial capital, the once worthless swampland becoming prime real property. Its role as the nation's financial capital could be traced to these years. In 1975, Makati was separated from Rizal with Caloocan, Malabon, Navotas, Quezon City, Marikina, province along

San Juan, Pasig,Mandaluyong, Pateros, Taguig, Pasay City, Paraaque, Las Pias, and Muntinlupa, to become part of the National Capital Region as a component town. In the 1980s, Makati has also figured prominently in the political history of the Filipino. The community was one of the cradles of Filipino passive resistance against Spanish colonial rule in the 1890s and the Philippine Revolution that resulted, and following the assassination of Ninoy Aquino in

1983, it became the epicenter of the protest movement against the dictatorship of President Ferdinand E. Marcos, the resulting climax which known historically as the People Power Revolution would happen only several years after the Confetti Revolution events of 1983-84 held in the central business district. After the revolution and the downfall of the Marcos 20-year presidential regime, Corazon C. Aquino, the wife of the deceased senator Aquino, became the new and first female president of the Republic of the Philippines and probably Asia. After the death of Mayor Nemesio Yabut during the People Power Revolution, she appointed Jejomar Binay as the acting mayor of the town of Makati and was elected as mayor in 1987. Cityhood By January 2, 1995, Makati became an independent city by virtue of Republic Act 7854 and in the June 30, 1998, The Lone District of Makati City was separated and divided into 2 districts. Lone district Rep. Joker Arroyo became the representative of the first district, while Senator Agapito Aquino was elected representative of second district. Elenita Binay served for only three years (one term) as the first and only female city mayor so far. By the start of the 21st century, the city was once again highlighted in media due to the political revolt against the government of then-president Gloria. In July 27, 2003, the so-called Oakwood Mutiny was staged at the Oakwood Hotel by the Magdalo soldiers. An accidental methane gas explosion ripped apart a section of the Glorietta Mall occurred on October 19, 2007 at 1:30 PM, killing 11 people. In a continuation of events stemming from the Oakwood Mutiny, 25 Magdalo officers led by Sen. Antonio Trillanes IV and Brig. Gen. Danilo Limovertook the Manila Peninsula Hotel on November 29, 2007 in what has been referred to as the Manila Pen Siege.

Demographics Statistics:
As of year 2010

Population:

529,039 people

Number of Households: 103,981 Average Household Size: 4.5 people Median Age in Years: 25 years old Religious Affiliation: 88.9% of Makati City residents identified their religious affiliation as Roman Catholic. Other religions include: Protestant, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism. Language: The most common language at home is Tagalog (94%), however English is widely spoken and understood, especially in business and government. Marital Status: Single 42.9% Married 43.6% Widowed 3.5% Divorced 1.7% Common-Law / Live-In 5.4% Unknown / Not Stated 2.9%

Mayor:

Jejomar "Junjun" Binay, Jr.

(born on July 12, 1977) is a Filipino politician currently serving as the mayor of Makati City. He is also the only son of his predecessor and now Vice President Jejomar Binay. He was married to Kennely Ann Lacia (19802009) from 2005 until her death on August 11, 2009 due to complications while giving birth to their fourth child. Though, the baby survived despite being born prematurely. Named Maria Kennely in memory of her mother, Baby Ken, now two years old, is the youngest in a brood of four, with her older siblings, namely: Jejomarie Alexi, Maria Isabel, and Jejomar III. At a young age, Binay was groomed by his father in local politics as a Sangguniang Kabataan (Youth Council) president from 19922001 and later as city councilor for three consecutive terms. During his days as councilor, he was concurrently chairman of the Committee of Rules, Legal Matters and Ethics and the Committee on Education, Arts and Sciences. He was also a member of three other committees. Being barred by the constitution to run for a fourth consecutive term, he ran instead for mayor for the 2010 Makati City local elections. He had singer and former councilor Rico J. Puno as running mate, but lost the election to Vice Mayor Ernesto Mercado's running mate, Makati's ABC President Romulo Pena, Jr. Binay won the mayoral race defeating outgoing Vice Mayor Ernesto Mercado in a landslide victory.

The City of Mandaluyong (Filipino: Lungsod ng Mandaluyong) is one of the cities and municipalities that comprise Metro Manila in the Philippines. Located at the approximate geographical centre of Metro Manila, it is bordered on the west by the country's capital, Manila, to the north by San Juan City, to the east by Quezon City and Pasig City, and by Makati City to the south. Its nicknames are "Tiger City of the Philippines", "Metro Manila's Heart", and the "Shopping Mall Capital of the Philippines". Among the many attractions in the city is the western half of the Ortigas Center, one of the major centers of business and commerce in the metropolis (the eastern half is in Pasig City). Found within the Mandaluyong portion of the Ortigas Center is the main headquarters of the Asian Development Bank, Banco De Oro, and the headquarters of San Miguel Corporation, Southeast Asia's largest food and beverage company. One of the most prominent pharmaceutical laboratories and factories, Unilab, is located here.

Population: 328, 699 people (as of 2010)

History:
Etymology: There are different stories on the origin of the name Mandaluyong. One tells of the early days when the place abounds with a kind of tree called luyong from which beautiful canes and home furniture were made. Another claimed that the Spaniards named the place Mandaluyong based on the report of what a navigator named Acapulco saw that the rolling hills were frequently lashed at by daluyong (big waves from the sea). This seems to give credence to traditional stories before the coming of the Spaniards that giant waves from the sea lashed at the adjoining hills of the vast lowland, referred to as Salpukan ng Alon. Father Felix dela Huerta, a Franciscan Historian, observed that the rolling topography of this land resembled giant waves of the sea. Hence, natives replying to the question of strangers as to what the place was called, used to answer Madaluyong, later hispanized by Spanish writers into Mandaluyong by affixing the consonant n to the first syllable.

Romantic residents, however, peddled the story of a Maharlika named Luyong who fell in love with Manda, the lovely daughter of a barangay chieftain. The chieftain had no personal liking for Luyong and forbade his daughters marriage to him. Luyong overcame the objection of Mandas father by winning a series of tribal contests which was the custom at the time. The couple settled thereafter in a place which was later called Mandaluyong literally named after Manda and Luyong. Mandaluyong formed part of what was once the Kingdom of Sapa of the Great Majapahit Empire around 1300. More than a century later, around 1470, it expanded and was called the Kingdom of Namayan. The vast kingdom comprised what are now Ana in Manila, City up to Diliman. Quiapo, San Miguel, Sta. Mesa, Paco, Pandacan, Malate and Sta. and Mandaluyong, San

Juan, Makati, Pasay, Pateros,Taguig, Paraaque, and portions of Pasig and Quezon

Mandaluyong was first known as a barrio of Sta. Ana de Sapa which was part of the District of Paco, Province of Tondo. Named San Felipe Neri by the Spaniards in honor of the Patron Saint of Rome, it was separated from Sta. Ana de Sapa in 1841. During the American period, San Felipe Neri was consolidated with the municipality of San Juan del Monte. For several months in 1904, San Felipe Neri became the capital of Rizal province. However in 1907, San Felipe Neri became an independent municipality with its separation from San Juan. It was renamed the Municipality of Mandaluyong by virtue of House Bill No. 3836. It achieved city status in 1994.

Mayor:

Benjamin Abalos, Jr. (born 19 July 1962) is a politician from the Republic of the Philippines and is known locally as "BenHur". He currently serves as the Mayor of Mandaluyong City. He is the son of former COMELEC chairman, Benjamin Abalos. Benjie finished his primary and secondary schooling in 1975 and 1979 respectively, at the Don Bosco Technical College. He completed his Bachelor of Arts in History & Political Science at the De La Salle University in 1982, and his Bachelor of Laws degree from the Ateneo de Manila University in 1987, graduating within the upper third bracket of his class. He is known for the industrial and commercial development of Mandaluyong City. Abalos is the President of the Union of Local Authorities of the Philippines (ULAP), which consists of several community and political organizations. As representative from Mandaluyong to the Philippine Congress (20042007) sponsored the biggest budget of the Philippine Sports Commission (PSC) in its entire history, and principally authored Republic Act No.9397 - the Amended Urban Development Housing Act of 1992.

The City of Pasig (Filipino: Lungsod ng Pasig) is one of the city-municipalities of Metro Manila in the Philippines and was the former capital of the province of Rizal prior to the formation of this grouping of cities designated as the National Capital Region. Located along the eastern border of Metro Manila, Pasig is bordered on the west by Quezon City and Mandaluyong City; to the north by Marikina City; to the south by Makati City, Pateros, and Taguig City; and to the east by Antipolo City, the municipality of Cainta and Taytay in the province of Rizal. Pasig is primarily residential and industrial but has been becoming increasingly commercial in recent years. Pasig is one of the three municipalities appointed by the diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in the Philippines (as the Roman Catholic Diocese of Pasig), making the Pasig Cathedral (formerly The Immaculate Conception Cathedral) the landmark coincide to its township in 1573. The name Pasig is believed to come from the Sanskrit word passis or sand which refers to the community on the sandy river bank.[1] Some historians trace the name of Pasig to the Tagalog word mabagsik which means violent action which can describe the river which currents brought logs from Montalban to Manila It was also called mapaksik by Chinese in Binondo, Manila. Mapaksik later became "Pasik" and then "Pasig". It may also come from "pasigan" which means riverbank. According to Jose Villa Panganiban, former director of The Institute of National Language, "Pasig" is old Sanskrit meaning river flowing from one body of water to another, which briefly describes the river because the river flows from Laguna de Bay to Manila Bay.

Population:
617,301 people ( as of 2007)

History:
There are many legendary tales and theories explaining the origin of the name Pasig. However, the most convincing theory comes from the late Dr. Jose Villa Panganiban a linguist, polyglot, professor, and former director of the Institute of National Language. He said that Pasig is an old Sanskrit word referring to a river flowing from one body of water to another, in the case of Pasig River, from Laguna de Bay to Manila Bay. Pasig is one of the oldest towns in the Philippines. The Augustinians created it in 1572. In June 1901, Act No. 137 of the Philippine Commission incorporated Pasig in the newly created Province of Rizal. It became the Provincial Capital of Rizal until 1975 when the Metro Manila Commission was created under Presidential Decree No. 824. On 26 July 1994, the Senate and the House of Representative enacted Republic Act 7829 converting the Municipality of Pasig into a highly urbanized city. The, on 8 December 1994, President Fidel V. Ramos signed it into law. The people of Pasig ratified this through a plebiscite on 21 January 1995. On June 11, 1901 the province of Rizal was created through Act No. 137 of Philippine Commission. Pasig was incorporated into the province of Rizal, and was designated as the capital of the new province. In 1975, Pasig was carved out of Rizal province and became part of Metro Manila when the Metro Manila Commission (pre-cursor of Metro Manila Authority and later Metropolitan Manila Development Authority) was created by Pres. Ferdinand Marcos through Presidential Decree 824. In July 1994, Pasig was converted into a highly urbanized city through Republic Act 7829. And in December 1994, President Fidel V. Ramos signed it into law, which was ratified through a plebiscite on January 21, 1995. On February 4, 2006, the ULTRA Stampede happened due to First Anniversary Celebration of ABS-CBN's Noontime Show:Wowowee because of the prizes that will be given away where 71 people died. The anniversary of the show will be held on PhilSports Arena but the event has been already canceled due to the tragedy.

On September 26, 2009, the city was one of the areas strucked by high flood created by Typhoon Ondoy. Most notable was along Ortigas Avenue and the east side of the Manggahan Floodway. It is the most destructive flood in Philippine history. Pasig is accessed by the Pasig River, wherein the waters of Marikina River channeled and the Manggahan Floodway routed to Laguna de Bay.

Mayor:

Robert Bobby Eusebio studied Architecture and was intent on pursuing a career in this field, building, what might become some of the most remarkable edifices and structures. Yet, as the son of former Pasig City Mayors Vicente P. Eusebio and Soledad C. Eusebio, he found it difficult to ignore public service when it beckoned in 1998. Eusebio was elected No.1 Councilor of Pasig City, and was lauded Most Outstanding Councilor for three consecutive terms. Now, as Mayor of Pasig City, he is steadfast in his commitment to Security, Peace and Order; Education; Recycling and Environment; Business; Infrastructure and Housing; Youth Development; and Health. He has vehemently supported the campaign against illegal drugs under the banner of the Anti-Drug-Abuse Council of Pasig City. As City Councilor, Eusebio was at the helm of alternative learning programs for street children, initiated the creation of the Pasig City Science High School, and effectuated the Barangay Computer Literacy Program. An indefatigable member of the Committee on Ecology and Environment Protection, he has actively campaigned for the Brigada Berde and Bayang Berde programs which aim to tap idle lands for urban greening and vegetable farming. Eusebio has been unrelenting in his passion to empower the youth, personally funding Iskul ni Eusebio, one of the top three literacy programs in the NCR for providing non-formal academic and values education to streetchildren, the Bobby Eusebio Scholars and

Talents (BEST) Program for harnessing the talents of indigent schoolchildren, and Lingap Bulilit for instilling in schoolchildren the importance of personal hygiene.