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KERALA KAUMUDI (P) LTD
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART OF KERALA KAUMUDI
Chairman/ Editor in Chief
Board of Directors
Managing Director or Joint Managing Director
Chief General Manager
Company secretary
Managing Editor
General Manager
Editorial Department
Corporate Administration
Business Units Administration Associate Editor
Unit Chief Corporate Heads Unit Manager
Chief News Editor General Editor
Human Resource Management Production Head AGM (Marketing) Chief Manager (Finance & Accounts) Chief Manager (Special Projects)
Chart No: 4.1
INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT IN KERALA, VARKALA
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The above organization chart provides a birds eye-view of relationships between different departments or divisions of Kerala Kaumudi (P) Ltd. As far as Kerala
Kaumudi (P) Ltd is concerned Chairman/ Managing Director is at the top of the Organization structure. Mr. M S Mani is the Chairman of the company. He also holds the position of the Chief Editor of the company.
Kerala Kaumudi (P) Ltd is a private sector company which is registered under Indian Companies Act, 1913.
The functional departments are Human Resource Management, Production department, Marketing Department, Finance and Accounts Department and Special Projects. Assistant General Manager (Marketing) controls Space Marketing Department, New Product Marketing department and Debtors Collection
Management Department.
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5.1 EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT

STRUCTURE OF EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT-DAILY
Chief Editor
Managing Editor
Executive Editor
Associate Editor
Chief News Editor
Special correspondent
Bureau Chief
Editorial Section
Chief Sub Editor Chief Reporter Chief Photographer Senior Sub Editor Senior Reporter Senior Photographer Sub Editor Reporter Photographer
Chart No: 5.1
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The editorial department is responsible for pretty much everything that appears in a publication that isn't advertising. Its main goal is to report the news accurately and in a reader-friendly way. The editorial department develops, writes, edits and oversees all the editorial content published in Kerala Kaumudi daily, flash and magazine. The person responsible for content is usually referred to as the editor. All articles submitted for publication are reviewed by the editors to ensure they meet their professional standards. They ensure that the articles and information published are original and newsworthy. Newspapers often refine distribution of ads and news through zoning and editioning. Zoning occurs when advertising and editorial content change to reflect the location to which the product is delivered. The editorial content often may change merely to reflect changes in advertising the quantity and layout of which affects the space available for editorial or may contain region-specific news. As the content can vary widely, zoned editions are often produced in parallel. Editioning occurs in the main sections as news is updated throughout the night. The advertising is usually the same in each edition (with the exception section of local news that undergoes advertising changes). In the case of news paper 60% of space in it is meant for news and 40% of space is meant for advertisement. The editorial department then writes (or cuts) more copy to fit within that ratio.
EDITORIAL POLICY OF KERALA KAUMUDI
Stress on credibility and unbiased reporting is the motto of the Kerala Kaumudi since 1911.
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ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE OF EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT
Company has an efficient news team. And its wide network is spread throughout the country. It has 9 editions spreads over Kerala, Bangalore. The
newspaper stresses on credibility and that is the only reason why Kaumudi is still a major player in the market. The Editorial Department is headed by the Chief Editor. Under him come Managing Editor, Executive Editor, Associate Editor, Deputy Editor and Chief News Editor. Under them come the News Editors, Deputy News Editor, Chief Sub Editor, and Senior Sub Editors and Sub Editors.
STRUCTURE OF EDITORIAL WING - FLASH Managing Editor
General Editor
Editor in-charge
Chief Sub Editor
Special correspondent
Bureau Chief
Senior Sub Editor
Sub Editor Chief Reporter Chief Photographer
Senior Reporter
Senior Photographer
Reporter
Photographer
ChartNo:5.2
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DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
CHIEF EDITOR
Editorial Policies of News paper are formulated by the Chief Editor. He controls the functions of the editing and reporting sections.
EXECUTIVE EDITOR
Executive editor is responsible for the execution of the policies formulated by the Chief Editor. He undertakes planning, administration and implementation of the policies in consultation with the Chief Editor.
ASSOCIATE EDITOR
Monitors both national and international news

CHIEF NEWS EDITOR

Working according to the policy of the management Giving orientation Giving suggestions for improvement to the Department Giving overall guidance
NEWS EDITORS
Edits general news / monitors television channels and internet.

SUB EDITORS
Engage in news translation and editing activities.
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5.2 PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
The hierarchy of production department starts from editorial department. It works in connection with DTP section and Circulation Department. Edited news from the editorial department reaches the DTP section through news editors. From DTP section it is send to proof reading section then again to the DTP section then to the News Editor. He decides the intensity of the matter and he sets news in different pages. The news editor also decides upon the different size of caption used for different news. After the page transfer is done.
STRUCTURE OF PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
Editorial department
Production Head
Mechanical section
Electrical section
Print production
Mechanical engineer
Electrician in charge
Production manager
Asst. mechanical engineer
Asst. electrician
Production superintendent
Supervisors Fitters Foremen
Chart No: 5.3
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MECHANICAL SECTION
Mechanical wing deals with the repair maintenance, preventive maintenance and shut down maintenance for machines. For this minimum numbers of persons employed. They will try to solve any problem relating to the machines.
MECHANICAL ENGINEER

Always maintain the press in good condition. Always make ready the press for printing.
ASSISTANT ENGINEER
Assists the Mechanical Engineer for maintenance works. Fitters help the Assistant Engineer for doing maintenance work. They check and maintain the press in good condition.
ELECTRICAL SECTION
Electrical section deals with repairing all electrical equipments, maintenance of motors in order to avoid any break down during production. It is the duty of electrical engineers and electricians to make sure the uninterrupted power supply in the department.
PRINT PRODUCTION
The basic function of production department in Kerala Kaumudi is printing newspapers. The printing of Kerala Kaumudi newspaper is undertaken by M/s. Ravi Printers and Publishers Private Limited. Printing is done in accordance with the print order given to the foreman by the Circulation Department. Raw materials for printing are issued by the Materials Department. Printing of news paper is after 12.00a.m. Printing of Flash begins at 11.45 and Magazine printing is on every Monday 3.00 p.m.
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PRODUCTION MANAGER

Accountable to General Manager. A member in Task force To cross check the quality of printing. To attend all the problems related to production. To conduct the meeting prior to the start of work on daily basis.
FOREMAN

In charge of printing. To make sure that printing is on time. To check the plates available from the plate making section. To check the production activities and number of pages. To check the proportion of ink-water.
DISPATCH FOREMAN

To work in connection to Circulation Department. To check the collection/bundles of copies printed. To check whether the dispatch is on time. To check the vehicles are on right route at right time
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ACTIVITIES OF PRINT PRODUCTION
Print Production Proof Editorial Editorial Desk Foreman DTP Manager DTP Advertisement scheduling
Production Manager
Plate Making Proof Advertisement Printing
Circulation Department
Dispatch Foreman
Collecting Bundles
Chart No: 5.4
The Print Production section mainly handles the following functions. Pasting Plate making Printing and Dispatching
AN OVERVIEW OF NEWS PRODUCTION PROCESS NEWS PRODUCTION PROCESS
Newspapers are usually printed on an off-white paper known as newsprint. Making of newspapers is called journalism. Much emphasis has been placed upon the accuracy and fairness of the journalist.
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Since the 1980s, the newspaper industry has largely moved away from lowerquality letterpress printing to higher-quality, four-color process, offset printing. In addition, desktop computers, word processing software, graphics software, digital cameras and digital prepress and typesetting technologies have revolutionized the newspaper production process. These technologies have enabled newspapers to publish color photographs and graphics, as well as innovative layouts and better design. The actual content of publications comes from two separate departments. The ads, whether they be what many refer to as "display" ads (the ones with the borders around them) or "line" ads (the categorized listings of text ads usually found in the classified section) are sold and often produced by the Space Marketing Department. Everything else--the news, features, columns, photos, and stock quotes--all of that comes from the editorial department and is referred to as "editorial content" or simply "editorial".
I. SOURCES
Agencies like PTI (Press Trust of India), UNI (United News India). Public Relations Department Political leaders Television/Internet Police Stations
II. REPORTING
Reporting comprises a wide network and an efficient team of reporters. They report the news in an unbiased manner. The reporting section is headed by Bureau Chief. Under him comes the Special Correspondents, Senior Photographers, Photographers, Chief Reporters, Senior Reporters, Reporters and the Trainees. The Bureau is connected to the desk of editing section. The company has 42 local Bureaus.
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III. NEWS STORY
Usually, the stories will run down columns two-and-a-sixteenth inches wide, with an eighth-inch blank space between the columns. And since ads often appear on the same pages as the editorial content, although it would make sense that the column width that editorial uses always matches up with what advertising defines as a column, occasionally there are exceptions.
IV. EDITING
This section comprises of various desks: Local desk, Main desk, Feature desk, Sports desk and International desk. Here the selection, editing of news, selection of photographers, page layout, and coordination is carried out.
FUNCTIONS OF VARIOUS DESKS
LOCAL DESK: Local desk edits all local news. The desk is headed by Chief Sub
Editor, and under him comes the Senior Subeditor, Subeditors and Trainees.
MAIN DESK: Main desk edits all general news, political news, science news, national
news etc. It is headed by the Chief main desk and under him comes the News Editor, Chief Editor, Senior Sub Editor, Sub Editors and Trainees.
FEATURE DESK: Feature desk edits the editorial page. It is headed by Resident
Editor and under him comes Senior Sub Editor, Sub Editors, and trainees.
SPORTS DESK: Edits all sports news .It comprises of News Editor and Trainees. INTERNATIONAL DESK: Edits all international news. Headed by Chief Sub Editor,
under him comes Sub editor and Trainees.
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PAGE DETAILS OF KERALA KAUMUDI MORNING DAILY
Page
1 2 &3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Contents
General News Local News Business News Local Editorial page General news Obituary Classifieds Classifieds and News National/International/Science News Special News Sports News General News
Page setup by
Main Desk Local Desk Business Desk, Kochi Local/General Desk Feature Desk Main Desk Local/General Desk Space Marketing Space Marketing/Main desk Main Desk Feature Desk Sports Desk Main desk
Table No: 5.1
IV. DTP SECTION DTP is a part of the Editorial Department (See the next chapter). DTP manager is the head of the DTP section. Pre press activities are under taken in this section. In the case of dailies and magazines, the editing and pagination is done in the DTP section. In the case of Flash, this is done in press section of Flash. Adobe Page Maker 7.0 is the software used for pagination. The functions performed in the DTP section can be listed as follows:
Firstly, the advertisement layout is setup with the requirements of advertisement coordinator by the operator.
The remaining space on the newspaper is devoted for news. The data supplied from the desk is scanned and entered into the computers by the operators.
Advertisement in the PDF format from the agencies and the photographers are entered into computers through scanners.
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ACTIVITIES OF DTP SECTION The main activities carried out in the DTP section are shown in the following diagram.
ACTIVITIES OF DTP SECTION
Editorial
Composing
Proof section
Page Layout
Laser Print/ film
Film pasting
Plate making
Chart No: 5.5
COMPOSING In DTP section, data entry of the matter handed over by the editorial section is undertaken. All the input materials such as photographic reflections,
originals, non-photographic pictures are converted into digital files and resized as per requirement. Transmission Section transfers General pages to all editions through ISDN broadband lines. rotating shifts. PROOF SECTION A miniature printout of A4 size will be send to editorial proof and advertisement proof section. Corrections are carried out after proof reading by the operators. Almost eighteen staffs are working in this section in 4
LAYOUT Then each page is made by the concerned desk chiefs with the support of operators. Matter is sorted again and page order is checked. Layout sheets are marked with vertical lines that correspond to the column widths of your publication, as well as horizontal markers that correspond to the units your newspaper uses to measure the height of the ad, usually inches or centimeters. LASER PRINT OUTPUT Black and white pages are printing in laser printer.
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IMAGE SETTING The matter pages containing four colours (primary colors-cyan, magenta, yellow and black) composed in PageMaker are converted to Post script files or pdf (portable document format) using Torrent v6.0 SP3 software. These files are transferred to Graphic Art films using an imported Image setter machine, Scan text Othello. These graphic art films are processed in the machine Image Line. This machine has three racks, each containing developer, fixers and water. Developer and water is used in the ratio 1:3.
The following parameters have to be checked before exposing.

PARAMETERS CHECKED BEFORE EXPOSING
Sl. NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Parameters Mast Head Date Line Price and Edition Page size Page Number Screen Angle Screen Frequency Resolution Color Code Registration Marks Non Emulsion Perfect matching of fonts Non Creasing
Table No: 5.2 After taking final full sized printout of each page on LP/ film, these will be handed over to the Production department.
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STRIPPING Color negatives are "stripped" together for each page. A blue-line print is made from "stripped-up" negatives and is used to check image position before printing. PASTING The prints are pasted on the astronel sheet. PLATE MAKING The plate is produced by a photo chemical procedure. The astronel sheet is placed on an Aluminum sheet with a chemical coating and vacuum is applied on it. After this process it is exposed to a u.v.light of 3000 W for 85 seconds. When the plates are exposed to light, a chemical reaction occurs that allows an ink-receptive coating to be activated. This results in the transfer of the image from the negative to the plate. Each of the primary colors -- black, cyan (blue), magenta (red), and yellow - has a separate plate. The light passes through the non-image area and it is developed by using a developer. Then gum is applied on the plate to avoid oxidation. The next step after plate making is the printing.
PRINTING Offset lithography is the workhorse of printing. Almost every commercial printer does it. The paper is fed through the press as one continuous stream pulled from rolls of paper. Each roll can weigh as much as 2,000 pounds (1 ton) Web presses print at very high speeds and use very large sheets of paper. Even when a 1-ton roll of paper runs out, the presses do not stop rolling. The press has to maintain a constant balance between the force required to move the paper forward and the amount of backpressure (resistance) that allows the paper to remain tight and flat while traveling through the equipment.
The machine used in Kerala Kaumudi is WEBKING (manufactured by M/s.Perfect Rotary Offset (p) Ltd, one of the leading manufacturers and exporters of high quality
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web offset printing press). The speed of the machine is 35,000copies/hour. And the average number of copies that can be printed from 1 reel is 23,000 copies.
OFFSET PROCESS Ink and water do not mix -- this is the underlying principle of offset lithography. The ink is distributed to the plates through a series of rollers. On the press, the plates are dampened, first by water rollers, then by ink rollers. The rollers distribute the ink from the ink fountain onto the plates. The image area of the plate picks up ink from the ink rollers. The water rollers keep the ink off of the non-image areas of the plate. Each plate then transfers its image to a rubber blanket that in turn transfers the image to the paper. This process is shown in the following figure. The plate itself does not actually touch the paper -- thus the term "offset" lithography. All of this occurs at an extremely high speed.
BINDERY The bindery is where the printed product is completed. The huge rolls of now-printed paper are cut and put together so that the pages fall in the correct order. These printed news papers are manually collected, counted and packed into bundles as per the requirement of the agents and attaches a slip containing number, number of news papers enclosed etc.
DISPATCHING These bundles are sent through different routes to various destinations or dropping points. Just before reaching the ultimate consumers or readers, the newspaper bundles are collected by the concerned agents at the dropping points. They in turn take the newspaper to the readers.
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5.3 MARKETING DEPRTMENT

SPACE MARKETING DEPARTMENT Advertisements, for long, have been a major source of revenue for the newspapers and periodicals. Most newspapers make nearly all their money from advertising. The portion of the newspaper that is not advertising is called editorial content. Every ad the Company sell will need to conform to the column widths of the newspaper. The width of every newspaper page can be broken down into columns of equal size. How wide a column can be seen by looking at how the editorial copy flows on a page. Usually in the case of news paper 60% of space in it is meant for news and 40% of space is meant for advertisement.
FUNCTIONS OF SPACE MARKETING
Planning, analyzing and implementation of advertising activities. Monitoring advertisement collection activities. Coordinating the activities relate with publication of regular and periodical supplements.
Coordinating the activities of the field executives both inside and outside Kerala.
Research and development activities to update with changes in the industry. Arranging periodical get together of advertisement agencies and regular clients.
Conducting periodical training programs for Marketing Executives.
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ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE OF SPACE MARKETING DEPARTMENT Assistant General Manager (Marketing) is the head of Space Marketing. Manger corporate operation, Manager Flash Corporate and Manager Debtors Management are reporting to him.
STRUCTURE OF SPACE MARKETING DEPARTMENT- FLASH & MORNING DAILY
Assistant General Manager
Manager Corporate Operations
Manager Debtors Mgmt
Manager Flash Corporate Asst Manager Debtors Mgmt
A/cs Executive
Bill wise Posting
A/cs Officer
Receivables team
Marketing Executives Asst Manager Corporate Comm. Customer care executives
AAM DTP
Office Asst.Cross Checking
Office Asst.Voucher Billing
Dispatch
Proof Reader 1
Proof Reader 2
Proof Reader
DTP Staff 1
DTP Staff 2
Chart No: 5.8
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ASSISTANT GENERAL MANAGER

Directly accountable to General Manager. Head of Space Marketing Department & Product Marketing Department Plans, analyses and implement the entire activities in these departments. Member of corporate task force. Coordinates the entire department.
MANAGER CORPORATE OPERATIONS

Coordinating the Billing Activities of all units. Weekly and monthly evaluation of all units advertisement head. Settlement of requirements of all unit advertisement departments Involved in the work of corporate advertisement materials like rate cards proposals etc.
Unit wise communications Dealing with corporate clients and agencies
ASSISTANT MANAGER DAILY

Looks after all the activities connecting to advertisement department. Controls the space marketing activities of Trivandrum unit (billing, collection and office administration)
Planning meetings, Follow-up units of customer along with executives, Monitoring the executives , Collection monitoring, Bureau monitoring, Conducting evaluation meeting on daily basis
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INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT IN KERALA VARKALA
MANAGER FLASH CORPORATE

Coordinating the Billing Activities of all units. Weekly and monthly evaluation all units advertisement head. Settlement of requirements of all unit advertisement departments. Unit wise communications. Dealing with corporate clients and agencies.
ASSISTANT ADVERTISEMENT MANAGER DTP
The composing and scanning of advertisement are carried out in the DTP section. They set the layout and print outs are sent to proof section. Proof readers make necessary corrections before printing. The duties and responsibilities of Asst. Advertisement Manager-DTP are:

Act as liaison between DTP and Advertisement Ensuring of scheduled ads to be carried in daily basis Ensuring timely settlement of ad matters to be present in Daily Coordinating the entire activity for ad placing in Daily
Customer care executives handle the clients and explain the schemes and services to them. Office Asst.-Cross Checking carries out the cross verification of advertisements before dispatch. Office Asst.-Voucher Billing bills the advertisements as per the prescribed rates (see appendix) and sends these to the clients.
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SOURCES OF ADVERTISEMENTS
1. MARKETING EXECUTIVES: Marketing Executives are persons recruited for convincing advertisers and collecting advertisement from them by telling them about the features, schemes, discounts and tariffs available to them from Kerala Kaumudi. The so collected amount will be brought to the advertising department. 2. GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION: Government advertisements are usually in the form of notice of tenders, Social programmes, etc. Government advertisements are through Director of Public Relations. 3. STRINGERS: Stringers are sources of advertisements to the newspaper. 4. ADVERTISING AGENCIES: There are two types of agencies viz. a) ACCREDITED AGENCIES: Accredited agencies are the advertising agencies, which are accredited by the Indian Newspaper Society. Society monitors payments to publications from the advertising agencies. Society constantly endeavors to enforce the Accreditation Rules, so that payments are made within the credit period allowed. They are given a commission of 15%. b) NON-ACCREDITED AGENCIES. They are given a commission of 10%.
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DIFFERENT TYPES OF ADVERTISEMENTS IN KERALA KAUMUDI A. Classified Advertisements: Classified advertisements will be shown in one line or three like accommodation wanted or available, change of name, thanks giving etc. B. Matrimonial Advertisements: It is a kind of classified advertisement. Ads like bride, groom wanted etc are matrimonial advertisements. C. Ear panel Advertisement: The advertisement is shown on the top position in the front page on the left or both sides. This is an important source of income for the newspaper. D. Display Advertisement: Display advertisement will be shown with in a box on any page of the news paper. The advertisement is usually given in two or more lines or quarter page or half page or full page .This is also a high income source for the daily. There are special position advertisements on the newspaper. They are E. Solus advertisement: In the case of solus advertisement only particular advertisement is shown on the front page and all other advertisements are avoided. For this advertisement, the customer has to pay a high charge for covering opportunity cost. F. Strip advertisement: In the lower half of the front page there is only one advertisement is allowed. Here also the advertiser compensates the opportunity cost.
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PRODUCT MARKETING DEPARTMENT The number of copies distributed, either on an average day or on particular days (typically Sunday), is called the newspapers circulation and is one of the principal factors used to set advertising rates. Circulation is not necessarily the same as copies sold, since some copies or newspapers are distributed without cost. Readership figures may be higher than circulation figures because many copies are read by more than one person, although this is offset by the number of copies distributed but not read (especially for those distributed free). The Product Marketing Department takes care of everything after the newspaper is printed. This department is responsible for encouraging people to start or keep reading the publication Kerala Kaumudi is having fourth position in circulation. The first, second and third positions are held by Malayala Manorama, Mathrubhumi and Deshabhimani. Total circulation of Kerala Kaumudi daily comes around 1.5 lakhs and flash around 2.5 lakhs. Today Kerala Kaumudi has 2.5 million strong readerships.
Product Marketing Department is concerned with promoting the news paper thereby increasing its circulation. It is a source of revenue for the newspaper. It is mainly concerned with distribution and collection of amounts from the agents.
FUNCTIONS OF THE PRODUCT MARKETING DEPARTMENT
Boost up circulation Strengthening agency network Creating awareness Increase in demand Supply Market research Product Improvement
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STRUCTURE OF PRODUCT MARKETING DEPARTMENT- FLASH & MORNING DAILY
Asst General Manager Chief Circulation Manager
DAILY
Manager Corporate Operations Regional Managers Circulation Managers Asst: Circulation Managers Circulation Executives
FLASH
Manager Corporate Operations
Regional Managers Circulation Managers Asst: Circulation Managers Circulation Executives
Circulation Inspectors Sales Promoters
Circulation Inspectors Sales Promoters
Chart No: 5.9
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Chief Circulation Manger is the head of Circulation department both for Morning daily and Flash. He is directly accountable to AGM. He plans and implements the circulation strategies for daily and flash. He identifies the weak areas of circulation and formulates competitive promotional techniques.
ManagersCorporate Operations of daily and flash coordinates directs and controls the circulation activities of all the three zones via: North, mid and south. Circulation Manager checks the circulation figures. He should coordinate Assistant circulation managers of all units. Morning daily and Flash Circulation Manager is assisted by Assistant Circulation Manager of all units. Under them come the Sales officer, Field Inspector, Promoters and Agents. The Assistant Manager is directly accountable to the circulation manager. His main duties are Collection of cash
.
from agents using field promoters. Circulation inspector inspects the promoters and enhances the circulation activity. Promoters canvas the potential buyers. They
resolve agents issue; collect from agents and resolves issue between agents and subscribers.
MOTIVATION FACTORS FOR COMPETITIVE SPIRIT
Reward and recognition given to promoters for those who achieves collection targets and copy targets.
27.75% is given as commission to agents which are a higher percentage than competitors. Provides scholarship for agents children. Giving back page color photos of agents or their daughter/son on their marriage.
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CREDIT PERIOD
The credit period allowed to the agents is 30 days.

DISCOUNT ALLOWED
-
2% discount for payment on or before 10th of next month 1.5% discount for payment on or before 20th of next month 1% discount for payment on or before 25th of next month
PRICE OF KERALA KAUMUDI DAILIES
Morning daily: Price is Rs.5.00 and on Sundays the price is Rs.5.50 Flash: Price is Rs.3
SCHEMES FOR SUBSCRIPTION
5 year plan: As per this plan the actual subscription amount is Rs. 6803, Amount to pay is Rs.5500, Saving is Rs. 1303 In addition to these Kerala Kaumudi (P) Ltd offers first one year free insurance protection (for 2 lakhs) or for Business firms 5x2/10x1 size Black & white free advertisement 3 year plan: As per this plan the actual subscription amount is Rs. 4082. Customer has to pay Rs.3300 only and he can save Rs. 782. In addition to this first one year free insurance protection for Rs.1 lakhs or for business firms 5x2/10x1 size Black & white free advertisement
Publishers of commercial newspapers strive for higher circulation, so that advertising in their newspaper becomes more effective, allowing the newspaper to attract more advertisers and to charge more for the service.
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5.4 FINANCE DEPARTMENT

Kerala Kaumudi has 11 editions spread over Kerala, Bangalore, Mumbai and Gulf. Kerala Kaumudi has a centralized accounting system. All these units have to generate their own funds through circulation, advertisement and other sources. The generated funds are deposited to their respective bank account (Federal Bank) because the units have no authority to utilize these funds. Cheque sanctioning process is carried out at corporate office at Thiruvananthapuram with the approval and signature of MD & Director
STRUCTURE OF FINANCE/ACCOUNTS DEPARTMENT
Chart No: 5.8
Finance Manager
Accounts Manager/Officer Corporate Accounts Head
Flash
Morning daily
Advt. A/c Supervisor (Corporate)
Circulation A/c Supervisor (Corporate)
A/c Supervisor General A/c (Corporate)
Advt. A/c Supervisor (Corporate)
Circulation A/c Supervisor (Corporate)
)
Head of Finance/Account
Flash
Morning daily
Advt.A/c Supervisor All units Accounts Assistant Clerks
Circulation A/c Supervisor All units Accounts Assistant
A/c Supervisor General A/c All units Accounts Asst.
Advt.A/c Supervisor All units Accounts Asst.
Circulation A/c Supervisor All units
Accounts Asst.
Clerks
Clerks Clerks
Clerks
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FINANCE FUNCTION OF KERALA KAUMUDI In every month, the corporate office will sanction Rs. 10,000 to Rs. 20,000 in advance as an imprested to all units for meeting their day-to-day expenses.. At the end of the month each unit will be sending their petty vouchers to corporate office for availing credit to their imprested account.
COST CONTROL
Kerala Kaumudi is following different cost control measures. Cost control aims at reducing inefficiencies and wastage and setting up pre determined cost and in achieving them. Cost control is comparing of actual performance with the standards or targets and taking corrective action if any deviation is occurred.
BUDGETS
Kerala Kaumudi is following flexible budget. Flexible budget is one which is designed to change in accordance with the level of activity actually attained. It provides budgeted cost at different levels of activities. It is prepared after making an intelligent classification of all expense between fixed, semi variable and variable because the usefulness of such a budget depends upon the accuracy with which the expenses can be classified. Now a days in Kerala Kaumudi most of the accounting and technical matters are such as inventory control, production planning and control through linear programming, pay roll accounting, sales accounting, budgetary control and standard costing are computerized.
DUTIES & RESPONSIBILITIES

FINANCE MANAGER

Member of corporate task force. Accountable to GM. To give overall guidance to the functioning of the department. To maintain the finance information system like Financial Analysis, Profit and loss account analysis, Cash flow analysis, Inventory management, Budget preparation and Project evaluation. 44
ACCOUNTS MANAGER

To coordinate all functions of Accounts department. To supervise maintenance of cash books, ledger, journal etc. To fulfill statutory requirements like TDS return filing, Advance tax payments, Sales tax return filing, Fringe benefits tax, RNI return filing
HEAD OF THE FINANCE /ACCOUNTS

ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTION

To perform the functions and duties of unit chief in the absence of unit chief. To exercise the role of chief executive officer of a unit, next to unit chief.
EXECUTIVE FUNCTION

To advice the unit chief unit manager and task force in financial matters. To forecast and estimate the financial requirements of units and to formulate short term and long term plans, budgets, targets, standards etc.
To meet the financial requirements in time, raise funds from appropriate outside sources and schedule the repayment.
To prepare monthly profit & loss A/c and to compare the actual with the financial plans/target and to take control measures.
To monitor the collection of debts to ensure 100% collection. To ensure optimum use of resources to reduce cost of production. To perform such other functions as may be prescribed by the corporate finance head/top management.
INCIDENTAL FINANCE FUNCTION

Supervision of cash receipts and disbursement. Proper custody and safeguarding important and valuable papers. Record keeping and reporting. Cash management and credit management. Assist internal auditors/inspectors assigned by CTF members/corporate finance head.
Verify documentary evidence in support of a transaction. Exercise reasonable care and skill performing duties. 45
Disclose full and fair information to the UTF and CTF. Awareness of financial position as on date. To ensure proper sequence of work to detect errors and frauds. Attend training and learning programmes and keep up to date in the area of accountancy, finance and general business conditions.
ACCOUNTS ASSISTANT

Undertake various reconciliation works. Ledger scrutiny on monthly basis. Preparation of monthly Profit & loss accounts.
CIRCULATION ACCOUNTS SUPERVISOR

Monitoring billing and collection activities. Sanctioning of credit adjustments. Monthly closing of ledgers. Preparation of agents control accounts.
ADVERTISEMENT ACCOUNTS SUPERVISOR

Book adjustments entry Monitoring billing and payment activities. Prepare MRV (Monthly Return Verification) statement.
CLERKS

Voucher entry preparation Filing vouchers and its cross verification Preparation of receipts Prepare all working papers and notes made. Dispatch of bills
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5.5 HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT
The management of Man is a very important and challenging job; important because it is job, not of managing men, but of administering a social system. Human Resource Management involves procedures and practices through which human resources are organized and directed towards the attainment of the individual, social and organizational goals.
DEPARTMENT POLICY
The policy of Human Resource Department is to render effective administrative support to the organization both at corporate level and unit level in a systematic and scientific manner with special emphasis on human resource development and training with the laid down quality policy of the organization.
STRUCTURE OF HUMAN RESORUCE DEPARTMENT General Manager Human Resource Manager Executive (HR)
Clerk/Typist
Front Office Executive
Office Assistants
Drivers Canteen
Telephone Operators
Security Officer
House Keeping
Dispatch
Supervisor
Chart No: 5.9
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FUNCTIONS OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT
HR manger is responsible for the management of the employees of both Kerala Kaumudi and Ravi Printers and publishers. The main functions of HR department include:
I. EMPLOYMENT AND PLACEMENT
Recruitment, selection and placement as per the manpower requirements of the company are the most important functions of HR Department. The following recruitment process chart gives an overview of the overall recruitment process of Kerala Kaumudi.
TRAINING
It is the responsibility of HR Department to impart Training and development to employees both at corporate and Units whenever required. The training programmes for employees include induction, on the job training for non managerial staffs, off the job training for managerial staffs.
TRAINING PROCEDURE
1. Identifying the training requirements of corporate as well all units 2. Planning and scheduling training programmes for the required units For planning and scheduling the training and development programmes, Kerala Kaumudi HR department is using a Training Calendar. Every month in advance this training calendar is sent to all units. The units require training programmes mark the convenient dates by specifying the objectives and topics on which training is needed and return to the HR department. HR Dept. makes necessary arrangements for the programmes. As a part of streamlining the
training programme, efforts are continuing to make it function on line. 3. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the training programmes. 48
II. WAGE AND SALARY ADMINISTRATION
Compensation to employees is fixed as per the Wage rates fixed by the wage boards.
III. PROPER ALLOCATION OF WORK IV. DEVELOPING AND MAINTAINING MOTIVATION FOR WORK V. PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
Employee performance at work is evaluated in terms of pre-determined standards with a view to develop a sense of belonging to the organization and also to retain them.
VI. EMPLOYEE HEALTH, SAFETY AND WELFARE SERVICES
Kerala Kaumudi has a hazard free working environment. No accident has been reported in the past years. The welfare schemes include both Statutory and Non statutory schemes. Statutory welfare schemes consists ESI, PF, EDLI, Profession tax and labor welfare fund. Non Statutory schemes includes Canteen facility (subsidized rate), Vehicle allowance, LTA (leave travel allowance), Kerala Kaumudi recreation club, Kerala Kaumudi employees cooperative society, Kerala Kaumudi employees welfare forum, Mobile allowance, Conveyance allowance, Medical allowance and City compensatory allowance. For maintaining the morale and team spirit among employees every year HR Department is conducting a WELFARE FORUM. Apart from granting award to the high achievers, this programme involves lots of cultural activities too.
49
VII. ADMINISTERING EMPLOYEE TURNOVER AND CONDUCTING EXIT INTERVIEWS
Employee turnover rate in the previous year was 7%. In some cases exit interviews are conducted.
VIII. INDUSTRY RELATIONS
Maintenance of healthy and peaceful labor-management relations is the responsibility of the HR Dept. This includes grievance handling, maintenance of discipline etc.
IX. TRADE UNION
The existing trade union in the company is AITUC. Trade union is given management participation mainly in the areas of recruitment, termination, employee linked insurance etc. DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
HR Manager is responsible for the overall administration of front office, House Keeping, Drivers, Dispatch, Telephone operators and security officers
Front Office Executive attends visitors and informs the concerned person. She keeps attendance register of head office staff.
House Keeping staffs are responsible for the good maintenance of office Dispatch section staffs are assigned to send courier from the corporate office and prompt maintenance of dispatch register.
50
5.6 MATERIALS DEPARTMENT

Purchasing is the important function of materials department. Other functions include:

Finding out the details regarding the requisition of Raw materials receiving and warehousing of raw materials Collection of details about the consumption of raw materials on a regular basis Issue of raw materials as per requirements
STRUCTURE OF MATERIALS DEPARTMENT Joint Managing Director Deputy General Manger
Purchase Manager Asst. Purchase Manager Storekeeper Clerical staff Godown staff
Chart No: 5.10

PURCHASE MANAGER

To develop and maintain good supplier relationships Duties according to the order of Managing Director Planning purchase orders. Verification of raw materials consumption and stock statements which is daily submitted by the materials managers of all units
To control abnormal wastage. To handle insurance formalities of raw materials 51
To verify the quality of materials received Inventory valuation
INVENTORY ACCOUNTING SUPERVISOR

Inventory accounting Checks and verifies the purchase bills Checks bin card and stores ledger Purchase analysis Order placing figures are given to the departments
STORE KEEPER
The store keeper should have technical knowledge and wide experience in stores routine and ability of operation of the stores.
Receiving the store correctly i.e., ensuring that every item of stores received by the storekeeper is duly supported by an indent, purchase order, inspection note and goods received note.
Entering all receipts in the bin card. Keeping every item of stores in the allotted bin. Maintaining and supervising the duties of the different staffs under his charge. Preventing unauthorized persons from entering into the stores. Ensuring that the inventory do not exceed the maximum level nor go below the minimum level at any time.
CLERKS

Issuing goods according to the daily requisition slip. Entering the details of the goods supplied in the stocks ledger. Maintenance of purchase order files. Helping materials manager in updating the books maintained in the department.
Godown staffs are assigned to load/unload materials to required places on time. The documents maintained by the materials department are Purchase order, Stock inward book, News print ledger, Stock ledger, Transfer slip.
52
RAW MATERIALS
I. NEWS PRINT
The size of newsprint is 70cm and 45 GSM (Gramage per square meter). As the GSM increases copies decreases and vice versa. The main supplier of newsprint Hindustan News print Ltd, Kottayam. Imported deluxe quality news print are Supplied by Pondar Global Ltd, New Delhi. Low quality, recycled news print is supplied by V.G.Paper and Boards Ltd, Udumalpet, Sarvalekshmi Paper and Boards Ltd, Coimbatore and Vishnupriya Papers, Chennai. These newsprints are used for the printing of inner pages.
II. INK
Two types of inks are used for printing. A. Black ink: Suppliers of black ink are Shalimar Inks and Chemicals, Aluva and Orient Inks, Kozhikode B. Colour Ink: Suppliers of colour ink are Galilia Chemicals, Cochin M.R. Industries, Calicut. High quality ink which is used for printing advertisement columns are supplied by Coats Ink, Kalyan Marketing, Cochin.
III. PLATES
Aluminum Plates are of three types: long, medium and short run. Long run plates are used for producing main pages in all editions. From a short-run plate 10,000 to 15,000 copies can be printed. These plates are procured from the dealers of
TECHNOVA, Standard Missionary Sales Company, Patoor, Thiruvananthapuram and
dealers of NIRAJ, News Graphics, Kottayam. TOPAZ.
The imported plate dealers are
IV. CHEMICALS consumed are developers, universal wash, fountain solution, remover
and plate cleaner, Chemicals for film development-developer and fixer.

V. GRAPHIC ART FILM: Usually films produced by Kodak and Agfa are used. Kodak
films are supplied by Trade Links Ltd, Cochin and Agfa films are supplied by Krishna Agencies, Cochin.
53
PURCHASING
BASIC OBJECTIVES OF PURCHASING
1. To ensure uninterrupted flow of materials for smooth production. 2. To procure material economically. 3. To procure right materials in right quantities. 4. To develop and maintain good and healthy supplier relationships. 5. To receive and deliver materials at right place at right time.
PURCHASE FUNCTION
Purchases are made according to the receipt and analysis of purchase requisition. The average consumption of newsprint is about 300 metric tons per month and that of printing ink is 6000 kg/month (black ink) & 1000kg/month (color ink). Usually purchases are made for one month. A minimum level of inventory (for one month) is always tried to be maintained. Reordering is according to requirements. Purchases are made from domestic as well as foreign sellers. But usually domestic sellers are preferred as they provide more credit period of 30-50 days. Now the materials department has decentralized. The intimation is sent by all units regarding the items purchased, quantity, rates etc. Each unit has to meet the cost of raw materials purchased.
BILLS FOR PAYMENT
When the invoice received from the supplier, it is send to the inventory accounting section to check both the authenticity as well as the arithmetical accuracy. The quantity and price mentioned in the invoices are checked with reference to stores received note and purchase order respectively. After verifying the invoice in all respects, the inventory accounting section certifies and passes the invoice for payment to the finance departments.
QUALITY CHECKING
Materials are checked on trial basis. After trial run only suppliers are selected. If there found any defect, it would be communicated to the suppliers and if they were willing to rectify the defects, orders are placed with them.
54
5.7 SYSTEMS DEPARTMENT

Kerala Kaumudi started to implement computerization from 1998 onwards. Since 2006 they have been developing their own ERP (Enterprises Resource Planning) package. System Department handles maintenance of hardware and
development and maintenance Software. As a part of boosting the implementation of MIS, the works on developing systems technologies is improving. Customization of circulation module is completed and the works on the advertisement, accounts inventory & HR are in progress.
STRUCTURE OF SYSTEMS DEPARTMENT System engineer Asst. System Engineer
Programmer System executives
Hardware
Chart No: 5.11
55
DUTIES & RESPONSIBILITIES

SYSTEM ENGINEER
He is directly accountable to General Manager. Network administration. System assembling. Maintenance of network connectivity and data communication. Hardware & system software maintenance.
ASSISTANT SYSTEM ENGINEER

Developing, testing and implementing required application package. Trouble shooting and upgrading installed application packages. Provide training to staffs on the newly installing packages.
The recent achievements of systems departments include:

Decentralized work Fast collection and payment of bills Fast and comprehensive generation of MIS reports as per the requirements of top management.
The computer network system of Kerala Kaumudi includes around 100 machines and 3 servers. One server is for newspaper and for flash, one is for all periodicals and other one is for software. The operating system used in servers is Linux and in client system is Windows. Since 2006 system department has been engaging in the
development of in house ERP package (in Visual Basic) which is named as PRESS SOFT. The customization of circulation module has already completed. The works on the customization of advertisement, accounting, inventory and HR are in progress.
56
SWOT ANALYSIS OF KERALA KAUMUDI

To achieve proper firm-environment fitness, Companys Strengths, weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats should be understood. This analysis is commonly known as SWOT Analysis. Strengths and weaknesses are internal factors.
Opportunities and threats are external factors. STRENGTHS 1. Credibility of news and unbiased reporting style 2. Good reputation 3. Financial stability 4. Approach of investigative journalism 5. Units spread all over Kerala with adequate printing facilities 6. Able, dedicated and specialized workforce. 7. Good Brand image 8. Group harmony
6. 7. 8. 9. 5. 4.
1. 2. 3.
WEAKNESSES Falling circulation lead Administration lacks a professional touch. Lacks a strong mission and fails to establish time bound goals for each department clearly. Absence of some core departments like R&D and Advertisement Absence of effective sales promotion and advertisement strategies. Narrow product line. Weak societal marketing. Resistance to change. Lacks anticipative marketing.
OPPORTUNITIES 1. Untapped market segments like children, unemployed youth, teenage, job seekers, farmers, Children etc.
2.
THREATS 1. Fast changing printing technology.

2.
Competitors strong sales and marketing strategies.
A potential market of literate but unsubscribed to any newspaper.
3. 4.
Fast growing Cable and satellite TV. Penetration of Internet media, with no restriction of subscription charges.
3.
Diversification of business into TV channels and mobile portals.

5. 6. 7.
Unstable newsprint cost. Fast changing life style of people. The younger age groups preference changing to Internet, or their mobile telephones to learn of news that interests them.
4.
Print outsourcing.
TABLE NO: 6.1 57

FINDINGS
1. At present Kerala Kaumudi is facing a tough competition. Its main publication, daily newspapers position in the market is fluctuating. Till 2005, it was the third largest circulated daily. In 2006, the position came down to fourth, and in 2007 it is going down to fifth position. Financial statements from 2007-011 shows that, Comparing to previous years newspaper revenue has declined. It calls for the attention of top management to formulate more competitive marketing strategies for the daily. Flash continues as No.1 mid day daily in the market.
2. The main feature which distinguishes the print from other media is that it presents news in more analytical manner which enables the reader to think critically. The prime factors which influence the readership and publicity of a newspaper are:
How soon the "news" is put out, and how innovative is the presentation Coverage of the news. Catchy captions with valuable information. How attractively and effectively critical incidents are reported with headlines with colored photographs which attract the attention of readers. How far these headlines give maximum information to the reader at a glance.
How efficiently summarize the news item with catchy captions that enable the readers with quick reading and easy comprehension.
Coverage of international news with a local perspective and Clarity of reporting. Comparing to competitors products Kerala Kaumudis coverage of national,
international, business and sports news is less.
58
3. The literacy rate of Kerala is higher than any other states. There are more potential markets to tap. The company management fails to harmonize the organizations objectives, capabilities and resources with the market opportunities. Though the company is facing tough competition, comparing to its production facilities of all units and its strong public image, it has more scope in the market. Company has to frame more Marketing and sales promotion strategies. 4. Each department performs their routine work well, but these departments activities are not well coordinated to a time bound mission. 5. Company lacks a good research and development team.
59
CONCLUSION
Media has a strong role in nation-building. Todays communication is more complex. Competitors are coming up with more products and increased sales promotion strategies. Customers tastes and preference, life style and quality of life are changing. As the digital tide gathers strength, it is remarkable that the press in print continues to be the media of preference for the majority of readers who want to remain informed. What makes newspaper different from other media is that presents news in more analytical manner. It can influence and change peoples lives and their societies.
As far as print media is concerned, circulation is mostly considered as the yardstick of victory. People would always want news, but it should be packaged well according to the changing needs of the society. Newspapers have to address all sections of the readership to stay in the business. In a literate state like Kerala, there is more room for the newspaper companies to grow, as the rural areas are largely untapped.
Kerala Kaumudi has always worked for the development of society with its Forth right news and fearless views. Kerala Kaumudi spearheaded with a missionary zeal to enlighten the underprivileged and downtrodden masses in the society. Stress on credibility and unbiased reporting which is the motto of the Kerala Kaumudi since 1911.
To compete with fast emerging TV channels and internet journalism and with the competitors strong sales and promotion strategies, Kerala Kaumudi (P) Ltd has to come up with new plans and strategies.
60
SUGGESTIONS
1. When the dailys circulation lead is falling, it is the time to analyze where the marketing efforts has failed. To establish circulation lead, more innovative and analytic approach is needed. I recommend to implement the following strategies:
Family administration of the company has to bring forth a professional and

unconventional approach.
The firm should estimate its competitors cost and performance as benchmarks. Direction is more important than speed. A well worked out mission statement
provides units and departments a sense of direction.
Implement Total Qaulity Management strategy-Improve the quality of the

organizations processes, products, services through continuous improvement in all senses.
2. Increase the coverage of news. More national, international, business and sports news must be included. Include other writers column opposite to editorial page. Increase the number of pages through value added news but without any increase in product price. The additional cost would be compensated by operational efficiency and increase in the ratio of advertisement to editorial.
Usage of several fast moving consumer goods in Kerala is higher than all India usage. Space Marketing Department must include advertorials, which advertise new products or techniques, for which third-parties pay a fee.
3. The essence of marketing is to create customers-customers will follow. Company has to frame more Market Communication Strategies. More market penetration strategies are also to be framed. Advertising moves people to products. Give advertisements in media having highest reach to the target market. Give Display advertisements in close circuit TVs. The effectiveness of advertisement must be conducted periodically.
61
4. Absence of clear cut objectives leaves unclear standards by which to evaluate the individual as well as organizational achievements. So it is suggested to implement Management by Objectives (MBO). Establish challenging yet realistic goals in accordance with the overall company mission. All departments are to translate it into time bound goals and to implement it.
5.
In addition to the existing subscription plans, introduce short-term and flexible subscription plans.
Offer a variety of subscription plans. Peoples topics of interest are different. For example some people are interested in health related news; some are crazy in sports, jobseekers focuses on employment opportunities. So plan pull-outs on the basis of customers special interest and introduce flexible and short term subscription plans. For example, someone wants only on that day newspaper with supplement which meets his interest. Some may need a Sunday paper only or perhaps only Sunday and Saturday, or may be working days subscription.
Agents are good source of information. This source must be well utilized while framing marketing strategies. Periodically customers feedback and responses can be collected through agents.
Establish and maintain circulation lead by satisfying customer needs better than the competitors through value added products- that would be the motto of product marketing department.
62
6. Kerala Kaumudi (P) Ltd has to go at a fast pace towards the implementation of modern production technologies. Now plates are available that do not require chemical processing The development of the digital plate setter in the late twentieth century eliminated film negatives altogether by exposing printing plates directly from digital input, a process known as computer to plate printing.
7. HR department must encourage and develop an organization culture where innovative ideas are freely exchanged.
63
BIBILIOGRAPHY
BOOKS Aswathappa.k (2005),Human Resource and Personnel Management, Tata MC Graw Hill publishing company limited, 4th Edition. Prasanna Chandra, (2004), Financial Management Theory and Practices, Tata McGraw Hill publishing company limited, 4th Edition.
JOURNALS Kerala Kaumudi Financial Statements.
Kerala Kaumudi Publications- Flash and Daily.
WEBSITES
www.keralakaumudi.com
www.kaumudi.com
64
APPENDIX-I
Particulars I. INCOME News paper Sales
The Kerala Kaumudi Private Ltd, Thiruvananthapuram Profit and Loss Account For the years from 2007-2011 2007 2008 2009 112,262,585 85,402,753 11,529,876 Total 209,195,214 117,708,637 74,528,096 11,317,084 203,553,817 209,917,389 112,429,472 84,817,928 12,669,989
2010
2011
Newspaper Advertisement Income Other income
112,259,367 89,340,955 15,470,803
111,418,182 93,992,377 25,514,072
217,071,125 79,415,254
230,924,631
II. EXPENDITURE Newsprint consumed Printing and other charges Interest paid Depreciation Total III. Profit for the year Add: Prior period adjustments 101,439,857 97,856,838 6,511,602 1,605,822 207,414,119 1,781,095 1,781,095 Add: Profit brought forward Profit before tax 9,070,675 10,851,770 88,906,137 101,199,300 7,357,519 1,626,379 199,089,335 4,462,482 83,505 4,545,987 7,062,380 11,608,367 199,285,366 10,632,023 5,834,718 16,466,741 5578367 22,045,108 (23,403) 2,751,763 8,192,522 10,944,285 11,225,157 VI. APPROPRIATIONS Provision for taxation Provision for dividend Provision for Corporate Dividend tax provision for deferred tax Provision for Fringe Benefit Tax Transferred to General Reserve Provision for Bonus Balance carried to Balance Sheet 7,062,380 10,851,770 5,578,367 11,608,367 725,000 800,000 81,600 2,182,790 2,500,000 8,192,522 22,045,108 8,500,000 2,630,000 900,000 3,907,000 900,000 115,313 430,273 9,822,907 10,678,677 10,944,285 11,225,157 121,378 1,000,000 26,480 520,000 214,295,959 2,775,166 229,551,404 1,373,227 29,023 1,402,250 9,822,907 115,976,716 6,382,180 1,631,408 126,296,741 5,870,944 2,713,020 125,737,216 8,048,102 2,081,482 75,295,062 93,684,604
TOTAL The Kerala Kaumudi Private Ltd, Thiruvananthapuram
65
Particulars I Source of Funds 1. Shareholders' Fund a. Capital b. Reserves and surplus
Balance Sheet For the years from 2007-2011 2007 2008 2009
2010
2011
2,000,000 38,562,381
2,000,000 39,578,367
2,000,000 50,692,522
1,575,000 52,322,907
1,787,490 53,178,677
2. Loan Funds a. Secured Loans

49,753,161
b. Unsecured Loans
111,719
48,243,922 -
50,052,984 732,640
45,817,016 1,991,822 101,706,745
54,368,281 896,389 110,230,837
TOTAL
90,427,261 89,822,289 103,478,146
II. Application of Funds 1. Fixed Assets a. Gross Block

34,663,071 34,223,685 27,388,477 6,835,208 37,236,116 28,902,140 8,333,976 40,957,817 31,473,356 9,484,461 41,764,168 33,554,838 8,209,330
b. Less: Depreciation
26,297,805
c. Net Block
8,365,266
2..Investments
72,000 72,000 72,000 72,000 72,000
3. Current Assets, Loans & Advances A. Current Assets

99,033,391 110,108,180 62,767,492 172,875,672 115,930,115 74,363,638 190,293,753 106,863,753 92,493,518 199,357,271 92,267,179 89,220,406 181,487,585
B. Loans and Advances

58,763,699 157,797,090
4. Less: Current Liabilities and Provisions A. Current Liabilities

65,036,407 76,578,063 13,382,528 77,385,132 17,406,178 430,273 75,807,095 89,960,591 82,915,081 95,221,583 95,072,170 89,278,388 17,376,948 551,651 107,206,987 92,150,284 61,062,615 17,897,332 578,131 79,538,078 101,949,507 -
B. Provisions C. Deferred tax liability

10,770,688 -
NET CURRENT ASSETS Miscellaneous Expenses to the extent not written off TOTAL
81,989,995 -
90,427,261
89,822,289
103,478,146
101,706,745
110,230,837
66
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KERALA KAUMUDI (P) LTD

ORGANIZATIONAL CHART OF KERALA KAUMUDI

Chairman/ Editor in Chief

Managing Director or Joint Managing Director

Chief General Manager

Business Units Administration Associate Editor

Unit Chief Corporate Heads Unit Manager

Chief News Editor General Editor

Chart No: 4.1

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT IN KERALA, VARKALA

KERALA KAUMUDI (P) LTD

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT IN KERALA, VARKALA

KERALA KAUMUDI (P) LTD

5.1 EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT

Chief News Editor

Chart No: 5.1

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT IN KERALA, VARKALA

KERALA KAUMUDI (P) LTD

EDITORIAL POLICY OF KERALA KAUMUDI

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT IN KERALA, VARKALA

KERALA KAUMUDI (P) LTD

ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE OF EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT

Chief Sub Editor

Senior Sub Editor

Sub Editor Chief Reporter Chief Photographer

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT IN KERALA, VARKALA

KERALA KAUMUDI (P) LTD

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Monitors both national and international news

Edits general news / monitors television channels and internet.

Engage in news translation and editing activities.

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT IN KERALA, VARKALA

KERALA KAUMUDI (P) LTD

5.2 PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT

STRUCTURE OF PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT

Asst. mechanical engineer

Supervisors Fitters Foremen

Chart No: 5.3

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT IN KERALA, VARKALA

KERALA KAUMUDI (P) LTD

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT IN KERALA, VARKALA

KERALA KAUMUDI (P) LTD

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT IN KERALA, VARKALA

KERALA KAUMUDI (P) LTD

ACTIVITIES OF PRINT PRODUCTION

Plate Making Proof Advertisement Printing

Chart No: 5.4

AN OVERVIEW OF NEWS PRODUCTION PROCESS NEWS PRODUCTION PROCESS

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT IN KERALA, VARKALA

KERALA KAUMUDI (P) LTD

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT IN KERALA, VARKALA

KERALA KAUMUDI (P) LTD

III. NEWS STORY

FUNCTIONS OF VARIOUS DESKS

under him comes Sub editor and Trainees.

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT IN KERALA, VARKALA

KERALA KAUMUDI (P) LTD

PAGE DETAILS OF KERALA KAUMUDI MORNING DAILY

Table No: 5.1

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT IN KERALA, VARKALA

KERALA KAUMUDI (P) LTD