MATHS

UNIT 4: ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

UNIT 4: ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS OUTLINE ASPECTOS LINGSTICOS VOCABULARY

1.- ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS. 2.POLINOMIAL, BINOMIAL AND PASADO SIMPLE: MONOMIAL. NEGATIVA E 3.- OPERATIONS. INTERROGATIVA. A) OPERATIONS WITH MONOMIALS. PREPOSICIONES DE B) OPERATIONS WITH POLINOMIALS. MOVIMIENTO. VERBOS CON APENDIX: MATHS IN THE MIDDLE AGES. PREPOSICIN: PASAR A TRAVS DE UN TNEL CONECTORES TEMPORALES: PRIMERO, DESPUS... EL IMPERATIVO: INSTRUCCIONES PARA LA REALIZACIN DE UN TRABAJO MANUAL. PHONETICS

1. AMOUNT 2. DISCOUNT

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Elena Santofimia

I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGE

A.N.L.: MATHS

MATHS
UNIT 4: ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

1.- ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION. An algebraic expression is a group of letters and numbers linked by operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. For example: Algebraic expressions are used to express real sentences in math language. Then, we can work with them in math, and we can solve for an unknown value. The difficulty is when we want to change a written sentence into a algebraic expression. First of all, letters represent unknown values of the sentence and it is important to clearly show what represents each letter. Second we are going to show the basic rules to translate into the algebraic language. Sentences The sum of two numbers The subtraction of two numbers The multiplication of two numbers A number divided by another number The double of a number The triple a number Half of a number The third of a number . . Algebraic expression

Example: the double of a number minus half of another number If we give values to letters and we do the operations, we obtain what we called numeric value of the algebraic expression". If we change the values of the same letters, we obtain a different numeric value. Example: We have a rectangle which sides measure 3 and 5 cm. What is its surface? Surface So 15 is the numeric value of when and

2.- POLINOMIAL, BINOMIAL AND MONOMIAL.

Elena Santofimia

I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGE

A.N.L.: MATHS

MATHS
UNIT 4: ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS Monomial: It is an algebraic expression which has letters and numbers linked by multiplication. For example: is a monomial In a monomial, we call: Coefficient: The number of the monomial. Literal part: the letters of the monomial. Similar Monomials: Two or more monomials are similar if they have the same literal part.

Polynomial: Its the addition or subtraction of two or more non similar monomials. If we add or subtract only two monomials its called a binomial. Example: Degree: Degree of a monomial is the sum of the exponents in the letters. (literal part) Degree of a polynomial is the highest degree of the monomials that are in the polynomial. Order of a polynomial: To order a polynomial is to order their monomials in descending order of their degrees. Example:

3.- OPERATIONS: A) OPERATIONS WITH MONOMIALS: Addition and subtraction: The addition or subtraction of two or more similar monomials is another monomial with the same literal part and in which the coefficient is the addition or subtraction of the coefficients of the monomials. For example: Multiplication: The multiplication of two monomials is another monomial in which the coefficient is the result of the multiplication of the coefficients and its literal part is the multiplication of the literal parts. For example: Division: To divide two monomials we divide their coefficient and their literal parts. The result doesnt have to be a monomial. For example: This is a monomial this isnt a monomial. B) OPERATIONS WITH POLINOMIALS: 1) Addition and subtraction: To add two or more polynomials, we add or subtract their similar monomials. We can put a polynomial over the other polynomial. We must be careful to put similar monomials over similar monomials. For example:
Elena Santofimia

I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGE

A.N.L.: MATHS

MATHS
UNIT 4: ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

4x

3x 2x

x 2x +x 3 = 5x ++ x x 2

4x3 3x 2 2x 1 3 2 x 2x +x 3 5x 3 x2 x 2

To subtract two polynomials we can add the opposite, like the following example:
3 2 3 2

4x

3x 2x

1 x 2x +x 3 =

4x 3 x3 3x 3

3x 2 2x 2x 2 x 5x2 3x 4

1 3

Multiplication:

1. Polynomial multiplied by a number: To multiply a number by a polynomial, we multiply each monomial of the polynomial by the number. For example:
3 2x
2

3x 1 = 6x

9x 3

1. Polynomial multiplied by monomial: To multiply a monomial by a polynomial, we multiply each monomial of the polynomial by the monomial. For example:
3x 2x x+3 = 6x 3x
2 3 2

9x

2. Polynomial multiplied by polynomial: To multiply two polynomials, we multiply each monomial of the first polynomial by each monomial of the second polynomial, and then we sum the similar terms. For example:
2 3 2 2 3 2

2x

3 3x x+ 1 = 6x 2x

2x

9x 3x

3= 6x

7x x+ 3

3. Notable Product:
Elena Santofimia

I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGE

A.N.L.: MATHS

MATHS
UNIT 4: ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS The notable products are products of binomials that most common, so its useful to know the result. Those products are the following: A. The square of the sum: the square of the first plus the double of the first and the second plus the square of the second
a+b =a 2 2 ab+b2 2 3x 2 = 9x 2 12 x+ 4
2

B. The square of the difference: the square of the first minus the double of the first and the second plus the square of the second
a b =a 2 2 ab+b2 2 3x 2 = 9x 2 12 x+ 4 C. The sum multiplied by the difference: difference of squares
a+b a b =a b 2 3x 2 3x 2 = 9x 4
2 2

VOCABULARY Vocabulary
A ADD C CAREFUL COEFFICIENT D DEGREE DESCEND DIFFERENCE DOUBLE E EACH G GROUP H HALF HIGH L LETTER LINKED LITERAL
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Pronunciation
[d] [kerfl] [kfnt] [dgri:] [dsend] [dfrns] [dbl] [i:t] [gru:p] [hf] [ha] [letr] [lkt] [ltrl]

Translation
sumar cuidadoso coeficiente grado descender diferencia doble cada grupo medio alto carte vinculado literal

I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGE

A.N.L.: MATHS

MATHS
UNIT 4: ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS
M MONOMIAL MOST N NOTABLE NUMERIC O ORDER OPPOSITE OVER P PART POLINOMIAL R RECTANGLE RULE S SIMILAR SQUARE SURFACE T THIRD TO EXPRESS TO SHOW U USEFUL V VALUE [vlju:] valor [:rd] [kspres] [] [ju:sfl] tercero expresar mostrar til [rektgl] [ru:l] [smlr] [s:rfs] rectngulo regla similar superficie [p:rt] [plnml] Parte polinomio [mnml] [mst] [ntbl] [nu:merk] [:rdr] [pst] [vr] monomio muy notable numrico orden opuesto encima

Elena Santofimia

I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGE

A.N.L.: MATHS