Food and Agriculture Essay Introduction

In Food lipids are one of the major constituents and also a most important part for our diet and that has been proven in the number of researches. There have been a number of reasons for which lipids are very useful for our body and important to the diet. Lipids are considered as the one of the most important or major sources of energy and consists of the essential lipid nutrients.

Lipids are generally defined as the components that are soluble in the organic solvents. The Lipids are insoluble in water. In the lipid fraction of the food there is high complex mixture of the different molecules.

Two different methods of Lipid Analysis There are many methods available for the analysis of the lipids. The two methods soxhlet extractor and solvent or liquid - liquid extraction methods are analyzed based on the earlier literature. The analysis is done such as: Soxhlet extractor This analysis is done to analyze the concentration of the lipids in the food and also used for extracting the lipids from the solid material. (Soxhlet, F, 1879) The lipids are not dissolved in the water and other liquid solvent except the organic solvent so it is very use using the soxhlet extractor. Laurence M. Harwood states in his research that soxhlet extractor is very useful to separate the lipids from the food. Not only for food but also in other activities it can be used perfectly. Solvent or Liquid- Liquid extraction The purpose of this analysis is to extract the compounds or separate the compounds which have the relative solubility in two different immiscible liquids. The immiscible liquids are water and organic solvent. It is generally used for separating the lipids from the water in the food. (Yoshinari Baba et al, 2002) It is an extraction of a substance from one liquid phase into another liquid phase. Liquidliquid extraction is a basic technique in chemical laboratories, where it is performed using a separatory funnel. The lipids concentration can be determine form the solvent extraction process from these foods. This method is most suitable for these kinds of foods because there is high amount of the water and the lipids are not soluble in the water easily so can be extracted easily. The accuracy issues

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in this method as the lipids are separated from the immiscible liquids and it might happen that the not all the lipids are separated from the liquid so the concentration of the lipids in the food cant be tested accurately but it is 97-99 percent accurate.

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Conclusion

The above discussion analyze that lipids are soluble in organic solvent but not in the water so easily separated from the water solvent in the food. The important methods are used for the lipid analysis such as soxhlet extractor and solvent extraction. Solvent extraction method is generally used method for isolating lipids from the foods and also determines the amount or concentration of lipids in the food. (J. M. Snchez et al, 1999) Soxhlet extractor is used for isolating the lipids from the solid material and is a kind of laboratory apparatus..

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References: 1. Laurence M. Harwood, Christopher J. Moody. Experimental organic chemistry: Principles and Practice (Illustrated edition ed.). 1989 pp. 122125 2. Soxhlet, F. Die gewichtsanalytische Bestimmung des Milchfettes, Polytechnisches J. (Dingler's) 1879, 232, 461 3. The Origin of the Soxhlet Extractor, William B. Jensen Vol. 84 No. 12 December 2007 Journal of Chemical Education. 4. Nielsen, S. Introduction to the Chemical Analysis of Foods; Jones and Bartlett: Boston, 1994; pp 183191. 5. Danil de Namor, A.F.; T. Hill (1983). Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions: 2713. 6. M. Filiz, N.A. Sayar and A.A. Sayar, Hydrometallurgy, 2006, 81, 167173 7. Yoshinari Baba, Minako Iwakuma and Hideto Nagami, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res, 2002, 41, 5835 5841 8. J. M. Snchez, M. Hidalgo, M. Valiente and V. Salvad, Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange, 1999, 17, 455474. 9. P. Giridhar, K.A. Venkatesan, T.G. Srinivasan and P.R. Vasudeva Rao, Hydrometallurgy, 2006, 81, 3039. 10. K. Takeshita, K. Watanabe, Y. Nakano, M. Watanabe (2003). "Solvent extraction separation of Cd(II) and Zn(II) with the organophosphorus extractant D2EHPA and the aqueous nitrogendonor ligand TPEN". Hydrometallurgy 70: 6371.

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