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1. Given: A ferromagnetic ring, Lm = 36 cm, A = 3 cm2, N = 400 turns. I = 1.4 A, and = 1.4 mWb. Required: r. Solution :
R =
r =
Lm
o r A
5
0.36 = 2387 4 x 10 x 3 x 10 4 x 4 x 10 7
Bc = Bg = 0.6 T, From the cast steel magnetization curve Hc = 430 At/m, F c = Hc . Lm = 430 x 0.3 = 129At, F g = Hg . Lg = =
Bg
x Lg ,
0 .6 x 2 x 10-3 = 955At, 7 4 x 10
Magnetization Curves
For each value of B the corresponding H is found from the sheet steel magnetization curve. The results are as follows: B (T) 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 H (At/m) 130 370 720 2650 (H/m) 3.08E-03 2.16E-03 1.67E-03 6.04E-04
4. Given: A cast iron pipe as shown in figure, N = 100 turns, from the figure do = 8 cm, di = 6 cm, and pipe length (L) = 6 cm.
Required: (a) for I = 10 A.
(b) I when using a cast steel pipe with the same as in part (a).
Solution :
From the cast steel magnetization curve H = 500 At/m, F = H . Lm = 500 x 0.07 = 110 At, F = N . I, therefore, I =
F 110 = = 1.1 A. N 100
5. Given: A sheet steel as shown in figure, N = 200 turns, varies from 4 to 12 mWb in steps of 2 mWb.
Required: Calculate the magnetization curve and plot vs I for;
(a) The circuit without air gap. (b) The circuit with air gap.
Solution :
(a) Lm = 18+18+18+18 = 72 cm, A = 8 x 10 = 80 cm2 = 8 x 10-3 m, The steps to calculate the magnetization curve and the corresponding values for I for each value of are as follows; 1- Calculate B, B =
2- Find the corresponding value for H from the sheet steel magnetization curve. 3- Calculate F , F = H . Lm , and finally, 4- Calculate I, I =
F . N
The results are as follows: (mWb) 4 6 8 10 12 B (T) 0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 H (At/m) 180 310 350 750 1660 F (At) 130 223 252 540 1195 I (A) 0.65 1.12 1.26 2.70 5.98
(b) Lm = 18+18+18+18 -0.1 = 71.9 cm 72 cm, A = 8 x 10 = 80 cm2 = 8 x 10-3 m, The steps to calculate the magnetization curve and the corresponding values for I for each value of are as follows; 1- Calculate B, B = Bc = Bg =
2- Find the corresponding value for Hc from the sheet steel magnetization curve (this values are the same as in part (a)). 3- Calculate F c, F c = Hc . Lm (this values are the same as in part (a)), 4- Calculate F g, F g =
Bg
. Lg,
12
10 Flux (mWb)
4 0 .0 0 5 .0 0 I (A ) 1 0 .0 0 1 5 .0 0
6. Given: A sheet steel core as shown in figure, N = 280 turns, = 1 mWb, core thickness is 3 cm.
Required: Coil current (I). Solution :
=
Bg
1 x 10 3 = 0.83 T, 12 x 10 4
0.83 4 x 10 7
= 0.661 x 106
F g = Hg x Lg = 0.661 x 106 x 0.001 = 661 At, Bc = Bg = 0.83 T, From the cast steel magnetization curve Hc = 350 At/m, F c = Hc x Lc = 350 x 0.16 = 55 At,
L = R = /2 = 0.5 mWb,
BL = BR =
/2
A
0.5 x 10 3 = 0.42 T, 12 x 10 4
From the cast steel magnetization curve HL = HR = 130 At/m, F L = F R = HL x LL = 130 x 0.4 = 52 At, F = F R + F c + F g = 52 + 55 + 661 = 768 At, I =
768 F = = 2.74 A. N 280