In Partition Literature we find cultural connotation and its dominant emotions which govern human psyche.

Culture is located in the geography which cannot be divided by a political decision. The earth, river, sky and climate cannot be partitioned on the basis of religious differences. So the cultural connotation makes the India and the Pakistan distant relatives of diaspora. The conflicts between them as Balchandra Rajan writes are like a war of fratricide. Since the culure of mind is different it is cultivating as well as devastating. In Partition novels we find an ambiguous presence of cultural unity and its clashes. Very few women novelists have explored the theme of Partition, though it affected women more than men. But Amrita Pritam, Attia Hosain, Shauna Singh Baldwin, Manju Kapur and Meena Arora Nayak in their novels have underlined the suffering, pain and agony of women who fell victim to the bestial cruelty of men. It is heartening that they have given voice to the agony of thousands of women in a compassionate manner. Different writers have articulated the absurdities of Partition from different perspectives. In Train to Pakistan, train is a dynamic metaphor and Partion indicates the frozen life. The novel presents the contradictory picture, dynamism and fixation together. The title of the novel Azadi is also ironic which refers to the contradictory things. Azadi (Independence) is a matter of joy but it was accompanied by the gruesome tragedy of Partition. Sunandas sewing machine and the birth of Isher Kaurs daughter in the novel indicate the continuous and creative nature of life. A Bend in the Ganges also refers to the same thing. Bend indicates the constant wound i.e. the tragedy of Partition and Ganges symbolizes flowing, virtuous and blissful life. The wound of Partition is constant but the life is flowing and moving forward in at its speed. In Partition novels the central focal point is the frame of time which is flowing. Time has its nature which indicates the constant flow of energy. And Partition is a fixation of time. Partition novels deal with the treatment of time. With the passage of time the meaning of

Partition is modulating. The cultural notion is changing and the intensity of pain of Partition is minimizing. As Gurcharan Das presents the modern and progressive picture of India in which the Pangs of Partition has been shown diluted. The study of eleven prominent Partition novels in this thesis has attempted to include most of the perspectives and explore the genesis of communal antagonism and the resultant violence. It has examined the pangs of Partition people suffered during 1947. It has also recorded the repercussions of Partition which still haunts our psyche. Simultaneously it presents the positivity in life. The lesson of Partition is that hatred begets more hatred and violence begets more violence. To stop this cycle it is essential to abort communal mentality and to promote the feeling of universal brotherhood and love that alone can bring peace and harmony in society. The message of Khushwant Singh is to awaken human conscience for the survival of humanity. Chaman Nahal underlines the role of forgiveness in promoting communal amity. Shauna Singh Baldwin holds the view that to escape this madness every community should rise above its horrible animal urges. Meena Arora Nayak says that the pain of Parition should not be revived but it should be buried peacefully for the new beginning. Balchandra Rajan views that with tolerance positive attitude towards other faith is also essential. Partition being the greatest tragedy of Indian history has sort of compelled novelists and story writers to explore the various aspects of communalism which still remains a menace. Sixty five years have passed since Partition but communal violence erupts in some place or other every year. The most significant message of the Partition novels is that if the Indian subcontinent wants to progress it needs to get rid of communalism through promoting mutual trust and better understanding between different communities, shedding communal politics and making law enforcing-agencies efficient and impartial.