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Biswas, Buddha Dev Associate Professor American International University-Bangladesh Subject: Submission of the Report. Dear Sir, We have the pleaser to submit Report in a as per your direction. We are grateful to you for giving us an opportunity to make a research paper on the topic named A study on problem and prospects of CNG station in Dhaka city as granted by you. When we select out topic, we think that it must may be familiar with us. We hope that our report play an important role among the people who are read this and help to make a great desire for the people. We made our report based on survey method. We found from our survey that CNG station and users are facing some problem. We hope that government and should take some necessary step. Finally we hope that you accept our Report Paper and permitting us to present it before you. Yours sincerely, Rizvi Radoan Al Imam Md Touhid Hossain Mohammad Saddam Parvej Masud Shihab Mohammad
Abbreviation
1. CNG = Compressed Natural Gas 2. RPGCL = Rupantarito Prakitik Gas Company Limited 3. BRTC = Bangladesh Road Transport Corporation
Pre-face
Bangladesh has a large amount of stranded gas. Most analysis recommends CNG as a major downstream use for this gas. Dhaka is the capita city of Bangladesh; Dhaka has a significant level of air pollution due to particulate matter. In 2001, two-stroke threewheeler baby taxis were identified as one of the major causes of air pollution by the different agencies and it was found that major portion of Hydrocarbon, Volatile Organic compound, Carbon monoxide and Particulate Matters were emitted due to use of excessive quantities of low quality lube oil. The Ministry of Communications, Government of Bangladesh decided to ban two stroke baby taxies from 1st December 2002. A new fleet of compressed natural gas (CNG) three-wheeler has introduced on January2003.But after starting the business CNG owners, users and CNG station owners are face a lot of problem. Initially we identify some problem and also during the survey find out their business problem. Before beginning our research we had some approximately idea about CNG business. So at last we try to find out their actual problem solution for that kind of problem. We hope that our report play an important role among the people who are read this research paper.
Acknowledgement
This study is the outcome of a research work undertaken by the Research and Methodology course instructed by Biswas, Buddha Dev Associate Professor of American International University for summer 08 semesters student to experience and gather knowledge from a practical business problem. We are grateful to them who have spontaneously assisted us in connection the study. Specially, we are thankful to our honorable teacher Biswas, Buddha Dev. Who supervise us in every step of starting and completing our research paper promptly? We are thankful to those CNG stations people and users who co-operate us with their kind patience. We are also gratified to all those people who helped us to complete this study directly or indirectly. We also pay our debt to those web sites that already helped us by providing fruitful information without these help support and co-operation. We would not be able to complete our study successfully.
Table of contents
Serial 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6.1 1.6.2 1.6.3 1.6.4 1.6.5 1.6.6 1.6.7 1.6.8 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 3 3.1-3.38 3.39.1-3.39.8 4 4.1-4.7 4.8 5.1 5.2 6
Particular Introduction Background of the study Objectives Purpose of the study Purpose of the study Methodology Study area Study Population Research Design Sampling Technique of data collection Data processing and analysis Interview Limitations Why CNG for Bangladesh? Market approach Influencing factors The Government package for CNG A complete CNG refueling station includes Existing & projected growth rates RFID to Ensure Safe Refueling of Natural Gas Vehicles Analysis to the CNG station owners Frequencies Cross tabs Analysis to the customer Frequencies Cross tabs Findings Recommendation Conclusion
core per station per year which is twice that of the investment cost. CNG vehicle is a new generation of baby taxi. It saves our money and time. But few days ago when we select our topic, we found various kind of problem- affect CNG owners, driver and CNG stations owner. That kind of problems is not hopeful. These create a cause effect relationship between the users and CNG stations owner. We are going to know about details by explanation of our research paper at the end.
1.3 Objectives:
To reach to the exact result of any study or analysis fixed up of the objectives of that study is must. Other than that study will not be able to reach to the exact result. Our main objective is: To understand the problems and prospects of CNG station business in Dhaka city. Our secondary objectives of this research project is given bellow To understand the impact of load shedding on this sector. To understand the satisfaction level of customer and owners. To understand the future prospects of government on this sector
1.5 Scope:
Everything has a specific purpose and target. Behind doing this research we also have our target. After reading this research we hope that everyone will come to know details about the CNG station. Who are the owners, required qualification for registration, government rules and all the problems that CNG owners and as customers we faces. This is an overall study on CNG business
1.6 Methodology
INFORMATION SOURCES: PRIMARY As our primary focus is to determine the affecting factors from customers prospective as well as owners prospective. So, its better to go for survey resource from available sample. SECONDARY We will also collect data from internet, journal, newspaper, magazine, Petrobangla and other related sources.
we would not able to visit all the CNG stations in Dhaka city. We will try to visit as many as we can.
1.6.4 Sampling:
Our study has some specific target and purpose. To avoid any kind of ambiguity sampling has been selected to conduct the survey resource; and our sample of the population would be CNG stations and Customers. We will go for simple random samplining for selection of sample of CNG station and convenience sampling for selection of sample of customer.
1.6.7 Interview
We make this report based on interview and some other information. We take interview face to face to the people. We went to the many CNG station and discuss with them about their problem. We ask them some questions which we made for taking their interview and write down the notes. We ask some open ended question and some other questions were based on various scale. We ask them question friendly and they also help us to give the answers.
1.6.8 Limitations
The subject matter of this study is A study on problem and prospects of CNG station in Dhaka city. When we travel of the study has been started it would not feel so difficult b because there are many CNG station in the Dhaka city. But the problems were created when we starting data collection. Because some of the questions were not answered by them. Also we could not went every where and there in Dhaka city for survey, because our semester final was knocking at the door.
World Bank recently estimated that about Tk.117 crore per year can be saved in health costs in Dhaka city alone on account of PM reduction. This does not include mortality estimates. Cost of CNG is attractive could offer significant consumer savings to the average consumer. The government has an aggressive policy to ensure that engine power is converted from oil based fuel to CNG. From the health and environment perspective CNG is a much better combustible than oil based fuels. This supports the efforts of improving life conditions in this heavily over-populated part of the world. Legal measures force the change over to CNG as for example taxis in the larger cities have been mandatory converted to CNG. At the same time the government department Bangladesh Road Transport Corporation (BRTC) has imported dedicated CNG passenger busses to increase the utilization of natural gas. Besides the government initiatives, private entrepreneurs are also importing CNG dedicated passenger busses as the operating cost is very attractive (70 percent less than gasoline).
undertake sales efforts for the proposition of fast fill CNG units are Dhaka and its suburban surroundings, Chittagong, Sylhet, Comilla and the station owners on highways between these conglomerates. A typical CNG station is equipped with a double hose dispenser with two double nozzles and would serve between 300 500 cars in 16 hours station access time
Assistance and cooperation to obtain bank loans Necessary information Training for manpower engaged in running the station Assistance in site selection and taking lease of government land Quick gas, water and electricity connections at CNG stations Duty free import of CNG equipment and kits.
2.7
To ensure that only valid tagsand cylindersare accepted during refilling, the Viridis software encrypts the data when it is encoded to the tag. The software controlling the fuel dispenser later decrypts this information upon reading the tag. Because the fueling stations are often located in rural areas where the dispensers lack a constant, reliable link to an Internet connection, Patterson says, the software that reads and verifies the tag ID number is designed to operate offline. In addition, the vehicle owner could choose to associate a credit card account with the tag ID, so that the fueling station could process a payment transaction at the same time that the vehicle is being fueled.
Part Three
Analysis to the CNG stations owners 3.1 Frequencies
Statistics Types of ownership N Valid Missing 15 0
Types of ownership Frequency 2 13 15 Percent 13.3 86.7 100.0 Valid Percent 13.3 86.7 100.0 Cumulative Percent 13.3 100.0
Valid
Types of ownership
Proprietorship
Partnership
As many as CNG stations we have visited we found that most of them are not single ownership. Around 86% CNG stations are partnership business.
3.2 Frequencies
Statistics Number of partners N Valid Missing 15 0
Numbe r of partners Frequency 1-2 4 3-4 7 5-6 2 no partners 2 Total 15 Percent 26.7 46.7 13.3 13.3 100.0 Valid Percent 26.7 46.7 13.3 13.3 100.0 Cumulative Percent 26.7 73.3 86.7 100.0
Valid
Number of partners
8
Frequency
2 Std. Dev = 1.28 Mean = 2.3 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 N = 15.00
Number of partners
In Dhaka number of partners varies from each other. Most of the CNG stations have 3 to 4 partners which is about 47%.
3.3 Frequencies
Statistics Types of business N Valid Missing 15 0
Type s of busine ss Frequency 12 2 1 15 Percent 80.0 13.3 6.7 100.0 Valid Percent 80.0 13.3 6.7 100.0 Cumulative Percent 80.0 93.3 100.0
Valid
CNG Refueling CNG Refueling & Conversion CNG Refueling & Equipment Total
Types of business
CNG Refueling & Equi CNG Refueling & Conv
CNG Refueling
Though there are different types of CNG business but most of the CNG stations only providing refueling service. Some reputed company provides also conversion service.
3.4 Frequencies
Statistics LOCATION N Valid Missing 15 0
LOCATION Frequency 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 Percent 6.7 13.3 13.3 6.7 13.3 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 100.0 Valid Percent 6.7 13.3 13.3 6.7 13.3 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 100.0 Cumulative Percent 6.7 20.0 33.3 40.0 53.3 60.0 66.7 73.3 80.0 86.7 93.3 100.0
Valid
Uttara Malibag Badda Motijheel Mirpur Shahzadpur Baridhara Khilkhet Jatrabari Sayedabad Dhanmondi Shewrapara Total
LOCATION
Shew rapara Dhanmondi Malibag Sayedabad
Uttara
Baridhara Shahzadpur
Motijheel Mirpur
3.5 Frequencies
Statistics Training program N Valid Missing 15 0
Training program Frequency 15 Percent 100.0 Valid Percent 100.0 Cumulative Percent 100.0
Valid
Yes
Training program
Yes
For employees every CNG stations have their initial training program which increases their efficiency as well as security.
3.6 Frequencies
land size Frequency 4 3 3 2 2 1 15 Percent 26.7 20.0 20.0 13.3 13.3 6.7 100.0 Valid Percent 26.7 20.0 20.0 13.3 13.3 6.7 100.0 Cumulative Percent 26.7 46.7 66.7 80.0 93.3 100.0
Valid
land size
5
Frequency
Std. Dev = 1.64 Mean = 2.9 N = 15.00 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
land size
Basically to set up a CNG station minimum required land is 60*60 sft.In our study we have found that in Dhaka most of the CNG station hardly manage the minimum required land.
3.7 Frequencies
location Frequency very important 8 some what important 4 not too important 3 Total 15 Percent 53.3 26.7 20.0 100.0 Valid Percent 53.3 26.7 20.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 53.3 80.0 100.0
Valid
location
10
Frequency
Std. Dev = .82 Mean = 1.67 N = 15.00 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00
location
After our study we have found that to launch a new CNG station (for approving license) selection of location is very important.
3.8 Frequencies
Political influe nce Frequency very important 7 some what important 3 not too important 5 Total 15 Percent 46.7 20.0 33.3 100.0 Valid Percent 46.7 20.0 33.3 100.0 Cumulative Percent 46.7 66.7 100.0
Valid
Political influence
8
Frequency
2 Std. Dev = .92 Mean = 1.87 0 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 N = 15.00
Political influence
Though it was really difficult to get the exact answer whether to set up a CNG station some one has to have political link but in our study we have found that most of them agreed to have political influence in their business.
3.9 Frequencies
Inv estment Frequency 3 12 15 Percent 20.0 80.0 100.0 Valid Percent 20.0 80.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 20.0 100.0
Valid
Investment
some w hat important
Actually investment depends on owners ability. To set up a CNG station investment is must but there is no specific amount which is fixed by authority. So it is not that much important to get the license.
3.10 Frequencies
lice nse fe e s Frequency very important 15 Percent 100.0 Valid Percent 100.0 Cumulative Percent 100.0
Valid
license fees
very important
To set up a CNG station owners must have to pay license fees.So it is a very important factor for getting license
3.11 Frequencies
Satisfaction le v e l for re cie v ing lice nce Frequency 3 5 5 2 15 Percent 20.0 33.3 33.3 13.3 100.0 Valid Percent 20.0 33.3 33.3 13.3 100.0 Cumulative Percent 20.0 53.3 86.7 100.0
Valid
Completely dissatisfied Very dissatisfied dissatisfied Neither dissatisfied nor satisfied Total
dissatisfied
Very dissatisfied
In our study we have found there is a lengthy process for approving license. This increase the dissatisfaction level of owners. So most of the owners are very dissatisfied with these procedures.
3.12 Frequencies
Statistics Government has already approved enough CNG station N Valid 15 Missing 0
Gov ernme nt has already approved enough CNG station Frequency 12 3 15 Percent 80.0 20.0 100.0 Valid Percent 80.0 20.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 80.0 100.0
Valid
Yes No Total
Yes
MOST of the CNG station owners think that government approved enough CNG station but without proper plan. But we have found that some big company think that government also should approve some more CNG stations in Dhaka.
3.13 Frequencies
Government should approv e more CNG station Frequency 3 12 15 Percent 20.0 80.0 100.0 Valid Percent 20.0 80.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 20.0 100.0
Valid
Disagree
It is clearly noticed in our study that government has already approved enough CNG station in Dhaka with out proper planning. So some owners think that government should approve some more CNG station license with proper planning.
3.14 Frequencies
Loan facilitie s on CNG busine ss Frequency 15 Percent 100.0 Valid Percent 100.0 Cumulative Percent 100.0
Valid
Yes
Yes
In Bangladesh all public and private Banks are providing loan facilities for CNG business.
3.15 Frequencies
do you hav e bank loan? Frequency 15 Percent 100.0 Valid Percent 100.0 Cumulative Percent 100.0
Valid
Yes
Yes
To start a CNG station business it needs high cost that is very difficult to bare fore the owners. In our study we have found that all the CNG stations in Dhaka city started their business with bank loan.
3.16 Frequencies
pick hours time Frequency 2 10 3 15 Percent 13.3 66.7 20.0 100.0 Valid Percent 13.3 66.7 20.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 13.3 80.0 100.0
Valid
10
Frequency
Std. Dev = 1.36 Mean = 2.5 N = 15.00 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
Most of the CNG stations are busy to provide service from 8am to 2pm.
3.17 Frequencies
duration of the pick hours Frequency 1 4 7 1 2 15 Percent 6.7 26.7 46.7 6.7 13.3 100.0 Valid Percent 6.7 26.7 46.7 6.7 13.3 100.0 Cumulative Percent 6.7 33.3 80.0 86.7 100.0
Valid
Frequency
2 Std. Dev = 1.10 Mean = 3.9 0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 N = 15.00
In our study we have found that the duration of pick hours of maximum CNG stations are 5hrs.It depend on location where the station is situated. More busy area more busy CNG stations.
3.18 Frequencies
dispe nser numbers Frequency 9 6 15 Percent 60.0 40.0 100.0 Valid Percent 60.0 40.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 60.0 100.0
Valid
dispenser numbers
10
Frequency
dispenser numbers
Actually Dispenser number varies with size and location of CNG station. We have found that most of the CNG station in Uttara,Bdda,Motijheel,Jatrabari and Khilkhet have 3-4 dispenser.
3.19 Frequencies
number of car refue l e ach pick hour Frequency 7 8 15 Percent 46.7 53.3 100.0 Valid Percent 46.7 53.3 100.0 Cumulative Percent 46.7 100.0
Valid
50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0 10-30 31-60
Most of the CNG stations who have more dispensers are able to refuel 40-50 cars per pick hours.
3.20 Frequencies
number of car refue l in a day Frequency 1 2 7 2 3 15 Percent 6.7 13.3 46.7 13.3 20.0 100.0 Valid Percent 6.7 13.3 46.7 13.3 20.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 6.7 20.0 66.7 80.0 100.0
Valid
40
30
20
10
Percent
We have found that most of the CNG stations refuel 750-850 cars per day. This also depends on location and capacity to service.
3.21 Frequencies
Statistics daily sales(tk) N Valid Missing 15 0
daily sales(tk) Frequency 6 3 2 3 1 15 Percent 40.0 20.0 13.3 20.0 6.7 100.0 Valid Percent 40.0 20.0 13.3 20.0 6.7 100.0 Cumulative Percent 40.0 60.0 73.3 93.3 100.0
Valid
1-1.25 lakh 1.25-1.50 lakh 1.50-1.75 lakh 1.75-2 lakh Less than 1 lakh Total
daily sales(tk)
50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0 1-1.25 lakh 1.25-1.50 lakh 1.50-1.75 lakh 1.75-2 lakh Less than 1 lakh
daily sales(tk)
Who have more capacity to provide service are able to sales more. But most of the CNG stations sales 1-1.25 lakh (tk) per day. Also some CNG stations are able to sale about 2 lakh (tk) per day which depends on capacity and location.
3.22 Frequencies
satisfacton with old price Frequency Valid Neither dissatisfied nor satisfied satisfied very satisfied Total 1 11 3 15 Percent 6.7 73.3 20.0 100.0 Valid Percent 6.7 73.3 20.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 6.7 80.0 100.0
satisfied
In our study we have found that owners were more satisfied with old price. Because they invest at a low amount and profit were 4 times of cost.
3.23 Frequencies
satisfaction with ne w price Frequency 10 2 2 1 15 Percent 66.7 13.3 13.3 6.7 100.0 Valid Percent 66.7 13.3 13.3 6.7 100.0 Cumulative Percent 66.7 80.0 93.3 100.0
Valid
Neither dissatisfied
dissatisfied
In our study here we have found that most of the owners are dissatisfied with new price. They invest about 4 times than before and profit is only 2 times.
3.24 Frequencies
proble m with TITAS Frequency 3 12 15 Percent 20.0 80.0 100.0 Valid Percent 20.0 80.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 20.0 100.0
Valid
Yes No Total
No
WE have found that most of the CNG station owners have no problem with TITAS.
3.25 Frequencies
satisfaction with TITAS se rvice Frequency 3 12 15 Percent 20.0 80.0 100.0 Valid Percent 20.0 80.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 20.0 100.0
Valid
satisfied
Here also we have seen that most of the owners are satisfied with TITAS service.
3.26 Frequencies
gove rnment should diversify gas supplie r Frequency 5 10 15 Percent 33.3 66.7 100.0 Valid Percent 33.3 66.7 100.0 Cumulative Percent 33.3 100.0
Valid
agree
disagree
Though owners are satisfied with TITAS service but some of them think for much more better and flexible service government should diversify the gas supplier.
3.27 Frequencies
do you have generator Frequency 8 7 15 Percent 53.3 46.7 100.0 Valid Percent 53.3 46.7 100.0 Cumulative Percent 53.3 100.0
Valid
Yes No Total
Frequency
Actually in our study we have found that Generator is very costly and all owners are not able to have generator.
3.28 Frequencies
factors affe cting on ge ne rator Frequency very important 7 some what important 5 not too important 3 Total 15 Percent 46.7 33.3 20.0 100.0 Valid Percent 46.7 33.3 20.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 46.7 80.0 100.0
Valid
very important
Generator is very costly and it is very difficult to have generator for every owners.
3.29 Frequencies
se curity de posit Frequency very important 6 some what important 7 not too important 2 Total 15 Percent 40.0 46.7 13.3 100.0 Valid Percent 40.0 46.7 13.3 100.0 Cumulative Percent 40.0 86.7 100.0
Valid
security deposit
very important
In our study we have found that to have a generator owners have to bare huge amount of security deposit. So it is not possible for every owners to bare this cost.
3.30 Frequencies
lice nse fe e s Frequency very important 15 Percent 100.0 Valid Percent 100.0 Cumulative Percent 100.0
Valid
license fees
very important
3.31 Frequencies
bribe Frequency very important 7 some what important 6 not too important 2 Total 15 Percent 46.7 40.0 13.3 100.0 Valid Percent 46.7 40.0 13.3 100.0 Cumulative Percent 46.7 86.7 100.0
Valid
bribe
very important
Most of the CNG stations owners are agreed that bribe is very important for getting generator license.
3.32 Frequencies
affe ct of load she dding on busine ss Frequency Highly affecting 6 affecting 1 not affecting 8 Total 15 Percent 40.0 6.7 53.3 100.0 Valid Percent 40.0 6.7 53.3 100.0 Cumulative Percent 40.0 46.7 100.0
Valid
Frequency
Std. Dev = 1.50 Mean = 2.7 N = 15.00 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0
Those who do not have generator are highly affected by load shedding. Those who have generator are not affected by load shedding.
3.33 Frequencies
duration of load shedding in a day Frequency 9 6 15 Percent 60.0 40.0 100.0 Valid Percent 60.0 40.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 60.0 100.0
Valid
3to4
In our study we have found that in Dhaka city daily load shedding is 5 hrs on an average.
3.34 Frequencies
Statistics fail to service number of cars due to load shedding per day N Valid 15 Missing 0
fail to service number of cars due to load shedding pe r day Frequency 2 3 1 1 8 15 Percent 13.3 20.0 6.7 6.7 53.3 100.0 Valid Percent 13.3 20.0 6.7 6.7 53.3 100.0 Cumulative Percent 13.3 33.3 40.0 46.7 100.0
Valid
fa tos rv en me o c rs d etolo ds e d gp r d y il e ic u b r f a u a h d in e a
6 0
5 0
4 0
3 0
2 0
Percent
1 0
0 5 -1 0 0 0 11 5 0 -1 0 11 0 5 -2 0 21 5 0 -2 0 nn oe
fa tos rv en m e o c rs d etolo ds e d gp r d y il e ic u b r f a u a h d in e a
Those stations who have generator though they are able to provide service more or less but those who have no generator due to load shedding they fails to provide service 200 cars on an average.
3.35 Frequencies
loss of sale s volume pe r day Frequency 501-1000 cubic meter 2 1001-1500 cubic meter 3 1501-2000 cubic meter 1 above 1 no loss 8 Total 15 Percent 13.3 20.0 6.7 6.7 53.3 100.0 Valid Percent 13.3 20.0 6.7 6.7 53.3 100.0 Cumulative Percent 13.3 33.3 40.0 46.7 100.0
Valid
50
40
30
20
Percent
10 0 501-1000 cubic meter 1501-2000 cubic mete above no loss 1001-1500 cubic mete
In our study we have found that more sales generate more profit. Now due to load shedding some of the CNG stations are not able to sale up to 2000 cubic meter gas per day.
3.36 Frequencies
loss on amount Frequency 2 3 1 1 8 15 Percent 13.3 20.0 6.7 6.7 53.3 100.0 Valid Percent 13.3 20.0 6.7 6.7 53.3 100.0 Cumulative Percent 13.3 33.3 40.0 46.7 100.0
Valid
loss on amount
60
50
40
30
20
Percent
loss on amount
In our study we have found that more sales generate more profit. Now due to load shedding most of the CNG stations are not able to earn up to 24000 taka per day.
3.37 Frequencies
Statistics customers complain that they are not satisfy with Gas pressure N Valid 15 Missing 0
custome rs complain that they are not satisfy with Gas pressure Frequency 6 9 15 Percent 40.0 60.0 100.0 Valid Percent 40.0 60.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 40.0 100.0
Valid
c s m rs c m la th t th y a n t s tis w G s p s u u to e o p in a e re o a fy ith a re s re
1 0
Frequency
S . D v =.5 td e 1 Ma =1 0 e n .6 N=1 .0 5 0 1 0 .0 1 0 .5 2 0 .0
In our research we find out most of the CNG stations owners are agreed that customer are not satisfied with the gas pressure.
3.38 Frequencies
complain with the mite r Frequency 15 Percent 100.0 Valid Percent 100.0 Cumulative Percent 100.0
Valid
Disagree
Disagree
In our study we have found that though customer complain about miter but all the owners disagree with this statement.
3.39.1 Crosstabs
LOCATION * numbe r of car re fue l in a day Crosstabulation Count 100-300 LOCATION Uttara Malibag Badda Motijheel Mirpur Shahzadpur Baridhara Khilkhet Jatrabari Sayedabad Dhanmondi Shewrapara 1 number of car refuel in a day 301-600 601-900 901-1200 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 above Total 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15
1 1
Total
Actually demand varies from place to place. In our study we have found that CNG stations in Jatrabari,Motijheel and Mirpur are able to refuel above1200 cars a day,where CNG stations in Sayedabad,Dhanmondi,Shewrapara,Shahjadpur,Badda are able to refuel up to1200cars in day.
3.39.2 Crosstabs
LOCATION * duration of load she dding in a day Crosstabulation Count duration of load shedding in a day 3to4 5to6 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9
Total 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15
LOCATION
Uttara Malibag Badda Motijheel Mirpur Shahzadpur Baridhara Khilkhet Jatrabari Sayedabad Dhanmondi Shewrapara
Total
In our study we have found that there is 5-6 hrs load shedding in Malibagh,Badda,Jatrabari and Sayedabad area where as in Uttara, Motijheel, Mirpur, Dhanmondi load shedding is 3-4 hrs.
3.39.3 Crosstabs
duration of load she dding in a day * affect of load she dding on busine ss Crosstabulation Count affect of load shedding on business Highly affecting affecting not affecting 4 5 2 1 3 6 1 8
Total 9 6 15
3to4 5to6
In our research it is clearly viewed that those who dont have generator are highly affected by load shedding. But those who have generator they are not affected by load shedding.
3.39.4 Crosstabs
N duration of load shedding in a day * fail to service number of cars due to load shedding per day
duration of load she dding in a day * fail to se rv ice numbe r of cars due to load she dding pe r day Crosstabulation Count fail to service number of cars due to load shedding per day 50-100 101-150 151-200 201-250 none 1 2 1 5 1 1 1 3 2 3 1 1 8 Total 9 6 15
3to4 5to6
Those who have generator are not affected not all. But those who do not have generator due to load shedding they can not provide service up to 250 cars in a day.
3.39.5 Crosstabs
duration of load she dding in a day * loss of sale s v olume pe r day Crosstabulation Count 501-1000 cubic meter 1 1 2 loss of sales volume per day 1001-1500 1501-2000 cubic meter cubic meter above 2 1 1 1 3 1 1
3to4 5to6
no loss 5 3 8
Total 9 6 15
In our study we have found that more sales generate more profit. Now due to load shedding some of the CNG stations are not able to sale up to 2000 cubic meter gas per day. In some case its exceed this amount also.
3.39.6 Crosstabs
duration of load she dding in a day * loss on amount Crosstabulation Count 8001-16000 1 1 2 loss on amount 16001-24000 24001-32000 2 1 1 3 1 above 1 1 no loss 5 3 8 Total 9 6 15
3to4 5to6
In our study we have found that more sales generate more profit. Now due to load shedding most of the CNG stations are not able to earn up to 24000 taka per day. In some case it exceeds this amount also.
3.39.7 Crosstabs
satisfaction with TITAS se rv ice * gov ernment should diversify gas supplie r Crosstabulation Count government should diversify gas supplier agree disagree 2 1 3 9 5 10
Total 3 12 15
dissatisfied satisfied
Those who are dissatisfied with TITAS service and some who are satisfied with TITAS service, they agree that government should diversify supplier for better and flexible service.
3.39.8 Crosstabs
dispe nse r numbe rs * numbe r of car re fue l in a day Crosstabulation Count 100-300 1 1 number of car refuel in a day 301-600 601-900 901-1200 2 5 2 2 2 7 2 above 1 2 3 Total 9 6 15
1-2 3-4
Those who have dispenser 3-4, they can refuel minimum 601 to above 1200 cars per day but those who have dispenser 1-2 can refuel minimum 100 to 1200 cars in a day. Basically it depends on location and demand.
4.1 Frequencies
Statistics numbers of times refuel in a day N Valid 20 Missing 0
numbe rs of times refue l in a day Frequency 9 11 20 Percent 45.0 55.0 100.0 Valid Percent 45.0 55.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 45.0 100.0
Valid
10
Frequency
CNG auto rickshaw drivers refuel twice in a day where private cars refuel only once a day.
4.2 Frequencies
amount of mone y spe nd in a day Frequency 3 6 11 20 Percent 15.0 30.0 55.0 100.0 Valid Percent 15.0 30.0 55.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 15.0 45.0 100.0
Valid
10
Frequency
Std. Dev = .75 Mean = 2.40 N = 20.00 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00
About 55 percent customers spend tk 301-tk400 per day to refuel their vehicle because most of them refuel twice in a day. Customer who spends less than tk300 most of them are private cars.
4.3 Frequencies
satisfaction with old price (TK9.97) Frequency satisfied 12 Very satisfied 8 Total 20 Percent 60.0 40.0 100.0 Valid Percent 60.0 40.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 60.0 100.0
Valid
satisfied
In our study we found that also most of the customers were satisfied with the old price because they had to spend less for refuel their vehicles.
4.4 Frequencies
satisfaction with new price(TK16.75) Frequency 9 11 20 Percent 45.0 55.0 100.0 Valid Percent 45.0 55.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 45.0 100.0
Valid
Very dissatisfied
dissatisfied
In this case we have found that customers are paying almost two times than previous price.For this reason most of the customers are dissatisfied with the new price.
4.5 Frequencies
satisfaction with CNG station's se rv ice Frequency 7 7 6 20 Percent 35.0 35.0 30.0 100.0 Valid Percent 35.0 35.0 30.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 35.0 70.0 100.0
Valid
satisfied dissatisfied
Neither dissatisfied
In our study we have found mixed response about GNG stations service.Though some customers are dissatisfied but most of the customers understand the limitation of CNG business.
4.6 Frequencies
satisfaction with gas pre ssure Frequency 10 3 7 20 Percent 50.0 15.0 35.0 100.0 Valid Percent 50.0 15.0 35.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 50.0 65.0 100.0
Valid
satisfied
dissatisfied
Neither dissatisfied
In our study the one of the major problem we found that most of the CNG stations cannot provide proper gas pressure. Because of this customers dissatisfaction level is high.
4.7 Frequencies
size of cylinde r Frequency 15 5 20 Percent 75.0 25.0 100.0 Valid Percent 75.0 25.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 75.0 100.0
Valid
40 60 Total
size of cylinder
16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 1.00 1.50 2.00 Std. Dev = .44 Mean = 1.25 N = 20.00
Frequency
size of cylinder
In our study we have found that CNG autorikshaw use 40cubic miter cylinder and most of the private cars use 60 cubic miter cylinders. As we have taken interview of most of the CNG auto rikshaw and private cars, we found that the size of the cylinder lies between 40 to 60 cubic miters.
4.8
Crosstabs
satisfaction with old price (TK9.97) * satisfaction with ne w price (TK16.75) Crosstabulation Count satisfaction with new price(TK16.75) Very dissatisfied dissatisfied 3 9 6 2 9 11
Total 12 8 20
After analyzing the data we have found that customers who were very satisfied and satisfied with old price now they are very dissatisfied and dissatisfied with new price. This is because they are paying almost two times more than previous price. This increase the dissatisfaction level of customers.
Findings
In our study we have found some specific problems. These are given bellow: We have found that at the same location there are many CNG station. There is some political influence for approving the license. We have found that license applicant face bureaucratic problem when they applied to get license. In the pick hour the CNG station authority face load shedding problem. Another major problem is that set up cost a generator is very high. When government took decision to set a new price, they face problem. They can not take proper care for maintaining the queue thats why create traffic jam. After field work we have identified these sorts of findings.
5.2 Recommendation
Every research has specific purpose. Behind this research we have also specific purpose. As our main objective is to find out the problem and prospects of CNG stations in Dhaka city based on this objectives we have done our research. After gathering and analyzing all the data we have identified some problems. Based on our analyzing and findings we would also like to recommend some additional actions that we think will make the CNG station business more efficient and reliable. We have the following recommendation for CNG station business Government should maintain a standard distance to approve license for a new CNG station. This sector should be free from any kind of political influence. License approving procedures should not be lengthy but has to be on well judgments that make sure less harassment. During the pick hours in different locations government should minimize the load shedding as much as possible. Government should reduce the tax on CNG equipment (Generator). BSTI should improve monitoring system on CNG stations to maintain quality full service. Government should set a new mutual price that makes sure both parties will be benefited. CNG station management should take proper action to maintain the queue so that would not affect on traffic jam. So, if above mentioned recommendation can be implemented in proper way, we believe that Government, CNG owners and customers will be benefited. It will be possible to minimize the dissatisfaction level of all related parties.
Part 6 Conclusion
Transport plays a significant role in the overall development of a nations economy. However, this sector also accounts for a substantial and growing proportion of air pollution in cities and for that reason CNG business comes in our country. Now these businesses bring a new ear in our country. In initial stage it was not that much larger in number and very few company start this business. But now a days huge number of company, as well as individual person launches CNG station in Dhaka and all around Bangladesh. Potential beneficiary of the CNG program will be the CNG filling station operators because the demand for CNG as fuel is going to increase and they will earn from the increased sale of CNG In our study we find some important issue which is very important in CNG station business. Mainly we focus the relation between consumer and CNG station business, how customer consider the price increase of the gas, what are the factors and problems in CNG business, how load shedding impact on CNG station business, their capabilities as well as their limitation.
Bibliography
Barkat, A. (2007). Influencing factors. Retrieved august 4,2009, from http:\\ Bangladesh from our view.com RFID to Ensure Safe Refueling of Natural Gas Vehicles. (nd.). Retrieved August 4, 2009, from http://www.google.com Why CNG for Bangladesh. (nd.). Retrieved august 6,2009, from http://www.Bangladesh from our view .com Istiak, A. (2009, June 27). Market approach. The daily Bangladesh Observers, p.C 12. Nesa, M. (2009, July 18).Government required. The daily star,p.C8
Drive against illegal CNG conversion workshops resumes today (2008, March 05). New Age METRO.
Appendix
1. Name of the CNG station 2. Age 3. Type of ownership Proprietorship (If it is partnerships go to question number 4). 4. Number of partners 5. Type of businessrefueling 6. Location
1-2
3-4
7. Number of employees
. Yes
. No
9. What are the requirements for set up CNG stations?............................................... 10. What is the minimum required amount of land for CNG station?............................................... 11.Size of the land 70*70 sqft 80*80sqft 90*90 sqft above Not too important
12. How important the following factors for approving the licenseVery important Somewhat important S Security deposit Political influence Plac Location Investment
13. Are you satisfied with license receiving procedures? Completely Satisfied 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Completely dissatisfied
14. Do you think government has already approved enough CNG station license in Dhaka city?
YES
Agree
NO
Disagree
16. Is there any loan facility for CNG business? 17. Did you take any loan from the bank? 18. What is your pick hour?
YES YES
NO NO
6am to 12pm 8am to 2pm 10am to 4pm 12pm to 6pm 2-4 hours 4-6hours 6-8hours 8-10hours More
6pm to12am
19.. Duration of pick hour than 10hours.
1-2
3-4
5-6
7-8
Above
21. How many cars do you refuel each hour during pick hour?
91-120
601 900
Very dissatisfied No
Yes
Yes
No
Somewhat important
1 to 2 3 to 4 5 to 6 Above
35. Due to load shedding number of cars fail to remain service in a day 50-100 101-150 151-200 201-250 above None
36.Loss on sales volume per day 100-500 cubic miter 501cm^3-1000 cubic miter 1501-2000 cubic miter 37. Loss of amount per day tk1000 to tk 8000 above No loss 38. When there is long queue of the car cause traffic jam due to CNG station; as an owner what do you think that you should do for handling the situation? 39. What kind of securities or safety do you have? 40. Sometimes customers complain that the miter some CNG station use for measuring the amount of gas is not work properly. Do you agree with this? tk8001 to tk16000 tk16001 to tk24000 tk24001 to tk 32000 above No loss 1001-1500 cubic miter
Agree
Disagree
41. Sometimes customers complain that they are not satisfy with Gas pressure Agree Disagree
43. What kind of action do you take? Thanks for your kind cooperation.
YES
NO Thrice
Once
Twice
5. How much money you spend daily for refueling your vehicle? (tk)
6. Are you satisfied with the old price ? Completely Satisfied 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Completely dissatisfied
7. Are you satisfied with the new price ? Completely Satisfied 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Completely dissatisfied
9. Are you satisfied with the service that is provided by the CNG station? Completely Satisfied 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Completely dissatisfied
10. Are you happy about the behavior of the CNG station employers?
Very dissatisfied
Completely dissatisfied
13. According to your opinion, what should be the attempt from the Government side to improve CNG station business? Thanks for your kind cooperation.