Cópia Da N-0038 E - Inglês

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CRITERION FOR DESIGN OF DRAINAGE, SEGREGATION, FLOW AND PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF LIQUID EFFLUENTS OF ONSHORE INSTALLATIONS
Procedure
This Standard replaces and cancels the previous revision. This Standard has been totally revised with respect to the previous revision. The Responsible CONTEC Subcommittee provides guidance on the interpretation of this Standard when questions arise regarding its contents. The Department of PETROBRAS that uses this Standard is fully responsible for adopting and applying the clauses thereof. Technical Requirement: a provision established as being the most adequate and which shall be used strictly in accordance with this Standard. If a decision is taken not to follow the requirement (nonconformity to this Standard) it shall be based on well-founded economic and management reasons, and be approved and registered by the Department of PETROBRAS that uses this Standard. It is characterized by the verb forms shall, it is necessary..., is required to..., it is required that..., is to..., has to..., only ... is permitted, and other equivalent expressions having an imperative nature. Recommended Practice: a provision that may be adopted under the conditions of this Standard, but which admits (and draws attention to) the possibility of there being a more adequate alternative (not written in this Standard) to the particular application. The alternative adopted shall be approved and registered by the Department of PETROBRAS that uses this Standard. It is characterized by the verbal form should and equivalent expressions such as it is recommended that... and ought to... (verbs of a nonmandatory nature). It is indicated by the expression: [Recommended Practice]. Copies of the registered nonconformity to this Standard that may contribute to the improvement thereof shall be submitted to the Responsible CONTEC Subcommittee.
CONTEC
Comisso de Normas Tcnicas
SC - 34
Environment
Proposed revisions to this Standard shall be submitted to the Responsible CONTEC Subcommittee, indicating the alphanumeric identification and revision of the Standard, the clause(s) to be revised, the proposed text, and technical/economic justification for revision. The proposals are evaluated during the work for alteration of this Standard. The present Standard is exclusive ownership of PETRLEO BRASILEIRO S.A. - PETROBRAS, for internal use in the company, and any reproduction for external use or disclosure, without previous express authorization, will imply an unlawful act pursuant to the relevant legislation through which the applicable responsibilities shall be imputed. External circulation shall be regulated by a specific clause of Secrecy and Confidentiality, pursuant to the terms of the intellectual and industrial property law.
Foreword
PETROBRAS technical standards are prepared by Working Groups - GTs (consisting of PETROBRAS specialists and specialists from PETROBRAS Subsidiaries), are commented by Local Representatives (representatives of the Industrial Units, Engineering Projects, Technical Divisions and PETROBRAS Subsidiaries), are approved by the Responsible Subcommittees - SCs (consisting of specialists belonging to the same specialty, representing the various PETROBRAS Departments and PETROBRAS Subsidiaries), and approved by the CONTEC General Assembly (consisting of representatives of the Superintendencies of the PETROBRAS Departments and PETROBRAS Subsidiaries that use PETROBRAS technical standards). A PETROBRAS technical standard is subjected to revision at any time by the Responsible Subcommittee and must be reviewed every 5 years to be revalidated, revised or cancelled. PETROBRAS technical standards are prepared in accordance with standard PETROBRAS N - 1. For complete information about PETROBRAS standards see PETROBRAS Technical Standards Catalog.
PROPERTY OF PETROBRAS
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SUMARY
FOREWORD............................................................................................................................................................ 8 1 SCOPE ................................................................................................................................................................ 8 2 SUPPLEMENTARY DOCUMENTS ..................................................................................................................... 8 3 DEFINITIONS ...................................................................................................................................................... 9 3.1 EMERGENCY CONTROL WATER ....................................................................................................... 9 3.2 CONTAINED AREA ............................................................................................................................... 9 3.3 CONTROLLED AREAS ......................................................................................................................... 9 3.4 ACCUMULATION BOX........................................................................................................................ 10 3.5 TANK BOTTOM DRAINAGE SYSTEM SAMPLING BOX.................................................................... 10 3.6 COLLECTOR TANK OF THE DIVED AREA........................................................................................ 10 3.7 CONTAMINATED COLLECTOR TANK............................................................................................... 10 3.8 TANK BOTTOM DRAINAGE MANEUVERING AND INSPECTION BOX............................................ 10 3.9 PASSAGE BOX ................................................................................................................................... 10 3.10 SPECIAL PASSAGE BOX ................................................................................................................. 10 3.11 PASSAGE BOX WITH WATER SEAL ............................................................................................... 10 3.12 TANK BOTTOM DRAINAGE SYSTEM OUTLET BOX ...................................................................... 10 3.13 VALVES BOX OF THE DIVED AREA................................................................................................ 11 3.14 FLOOR GRATER WITH WATER SEAL ............................................................................................ 11 3.15 CLOSED SYSTEM ............................................................................................................................ 11 3.16 SEALED SYSTEM ............................................................................................................................. 11 3.17 DRY-WEATHER FLOW RATE .......................................................................................................... 11 4 GENERAL CONDITIONS .................................................................................................................................. 11 5 SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATION............................................................................................................................ 12 6 CLEAN PLUVIAL SYSTEM................................................................................................................................ 13 6.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................... 13 6.2 MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS.................................................................................................................. 13 6.3 DRAINAGE, COLLECTION AND FLOW ............................................................................................. 13 6.4 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT.............................................................................................................. 13 7 CONTAMINATED SYSTEM............................................................................................................................... 14 7.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................... 14 7.2 MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS.................................................................................................................. 14 7.3 DRAINAGE, COLLECTION AND FLOW ............................................................................................. 14 7.4 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT.............................................................................................................. 15
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8 OILY SYSTEM ................................................................................................................................................... 17 8.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................... 17 8.2 MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS.................................................................................................................. 17 8.3 DRAINAGE, COLLECTION AND FLOW ............................................................................................. 18 8.3.1 DRAINAGE OF TANK BOTTOM OILY WATER (SEE FIGURES A-17 TO A-21 OF ANNEX A). 18 8.3.2 COLLECTION AND FLOW ......................................................................................................... 19 8.4 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT.............................................................................................................. 19 9 SOUR WATER SYSTEM ................................................................................................................................... 21 9.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................... 21 9.2 MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS.................................................................................................................. 21 9.3 COLLECTION AND FLOW .................................................................................................................. 21 9.4 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT.............................................................................................................. 22 10 CAUSTIC OR ACID SYSTEM.......................................................................................................................... 22 10.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................. 22 10.2 MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS................................................................................................................ 22 10.3 DRAINAGE, COLLECTION AND FLOW ........................................................................................... 23 10.4 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT............................................................................................................ 23 11 SULFIDE SPENT SODA SYSTEM ................................................................................................................. 24 11.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................. 24 11.2 MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS................................................................................................................ 24 11.3 COLLECTION AND FLOW ................................................................................................................ 24 11.4 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT............................................................................................................ 24 12 PHENOLIC SPENT SODA SYSTEM ............................................................................................................... 25 12.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................. 25 12.2 MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS................................................................................................................ 25 12.3 COLLECTION AND FLOW ................................................................................................................ 25 12.4 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT............................................................................................................ 26 13 PUMP OUT SYSTEM ...................................................................................................................................... 27 13.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................. 27 13.2 COLLECTION AND FLOW ................................................................................................................ 27 14 HIGH SOLID CONTENT STREAM .................................................................................................................. 27 14.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................. 27 14.2 MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS................................................................................................................ 27 14.3 DRAINAGE, COLLECTION AND FLOW ........................................................................................... 28 14.4 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT............................................................................................................ 28 15 SANITARY SYSTEM ....................................................................................................................................... 29
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15.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................. 29 15.2 MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS................................................................................................................ 29 15.3 COLLECTION AND FLOW ................................................................................................................ 29 15.4 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT............................................................................................................ 29 16 SHIP BALLAST OILY WATER SYSTEM ......................................................................................................... 29 16.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................. 29 16.2 FLOW ................................................................................................................................................ 29 16.3 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT............................................................................................................ 30 17 DRILLING DISCHARGE WITH WATER BASE FLUID .................................................................................... 30 17.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................. 30 17.2 MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS................................................................................................................ 30 17.3 COLLECTION AND FLOW ................................................................................................................ 30 17.4 CONSTRUCTION OF DIKES ............................................................................................................ 30 17.5 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT............................................................................................................ 30 18 DRILLING DISCHARGE WITH OIL BASE FLUID ........................................................................................... 31 18.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................. 31 18.2 MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS................................................................................................................ 31 18.3 COLLECTION AND FLOW ................................................................................................................ 31 18.4 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT............................................................................................................ 31 19 DRILLING CONTAMINATED EFFLUENT ....................................................................................................... 31 19.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................. 31 19.2 COLLECTION AND FLOW ................................................................................................................ 31 19.3 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT............................................................................................................ 32 20 COMPLETION EFFLUENTS............................................................................................................................ 32 20.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................. 32 20.2 MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS................................................................................................................ 32 20.3 COLLECTION AND FLOW ................................................................................................................ 32 20.4 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT............................................................................................................ 32 21 SPECIAL SYSTEMS........................................................................................................................................ 33 21.1 DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................. 33 21.2 SYSTEM FOR EFFLUENTS WHICH CAN BE CONTAMINATED WITH TETRAETHYL LEAD (TEL) OF ETHYLATION UNITS ................................................................................................................ 33
21.2.1 COLLECTION AND FLOW ....................................................................................................... 34 21.2.2 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT ................................................................................................... 34 21.3 EFFLUENTS CONTAMINATED WITH ALCOHOL/MTBE ................................................................. 34 21.3.1 COLLECTION AND FLOW ....................................................................................................... 34 21.3.2 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT ................................................................................................... 34
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21.4 EFFLUENTS OF AREAS FOR STORAGE OF SOLID MATERIALS, MATERIALS IN GRAINS OR MATERIALS IN POWDER FORM ................................................................................................... 35 21.4.1 DESCRIPTION.......................................................................................................................... 35 21.4.2 COLLECTION AND FLOW ....................................................................................................... 35 21.4.3 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT ................................................................................................... 36 21.4.4 PARTITION BOX OR WEIR ONLY ........................................................................................... 36 21.4.5 ACCUMULATION BASIN.......................................................................................................... 36 21.4.6 DECANTING INSTALLATION................................................................................................... 36 21.5 LABORATORY EFFLUENTS............................................................................................................. 36 21.5.1 DESCRIPTION.......................................................................................................................... 36 21.5.2 COLLECTION AND FLOW ....................................................................................................... 37 21.5.3 PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF TOXIC LABORATORY EFFLUENTS .................................. 37 22 BASIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS.................................................................................................................. 37 22.1 ROUTING STUDIES.......................................................................................................................... 37 22.2 DIMENSIONING ................................................................................................................................ 38 22.3 SLOPE AND SPEED ......................................................................................................................... 39 22.3.1 SPEED LIMITS.......................................................................................................................... 39 22.3.2 SLOPE LIMITS.......................................................................................................................... 39 22.4 DRAINAGE ELEMENTS AND DEVICES CHARACTERISTICS ........................................................ 39 22.4.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................................. 39 22.4.2 CLEAN PLUVIAL SYSTEM....................................................................................................... 40 22.4.3 OILY SYSTEM .......................................................................................................................... 41 22.5 MATERIALS ...................................................................................................................................... 41 22.6 OPERATION MANUAL...................................................................................................................... 42 23 CHARACTERIZATION AND TREATABILITY OF EFFLUENTS ...................................................................... 44 23.1 CHARACTERIZATION OF EFFLUENTS........................................................................................... 44 23.2 TREATABILITY OF EFFLUENTS ...................................................................................................... 44 24 TREATMENT AND FINAL DISPOSAL............................................................................................................. 44
FIGURES
FIGURE 1 DIAGRAM OF EFFLUENTS ROUTING AND PRELIMINARY TREATMENT FROM THE CONTAMINATED SYSTEM ............................................................................................................ 15 DIAGRAM OF ROUTING AND PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF THE OILY SYSTEM EFFLUENTS.................................................................................................................................... 20 DIAGRAM OF ROUTING AND PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF THE SOUR WATER SYSTEM EFFLUENTS.................................................................................................................................... 22 DIAGRAM OF ROUTING AND PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF THE HYDROGEN SULFIDE SPENT SODA SYSTEM EFFLUENTS ............................................................................................ 24
FIGURE 2 -
FIGURE 3 -
FIGURE 4 -
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DIAGRAM OF ROUTING AND PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF THE PHENOLIC SPENT SODA SYSTEM EFFLUENTS .................................................................................................................... 26 DIAGRAM OF ROUTING AND PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF STREAMS WITH HIGH CONTENT OF SOLIDS ................................................................................................................... 28 DIAGRAM OF ROUTING AND PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF COMPLETION EFFLUENT SYSTEM.......................................................................................................................................... 33 SPECIAL SYSTEM FOR EFFLUENTS CONTAMINATED WITH ALCOHOL/MTBE....................... 35 DIAGRAM OF ROUTING AND PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF EFFLUENTS FROM THE AREAS FOR STORAGE OF SOLID MATERIALS IN GRAINS OR POWDER FORM ................................. 36
FIGURE 6 -
FIGURE 7 -
FIGURE 8 FIGURE 9 -
FIGURE 10 - HYDRAULYC DIMENSIONING TABLE........................................................................................... 38 FIGURE A-1 - TYPICAL STREET OUTLINE DRAWING ....................................................................................... 45 FIGURE A-2 - TYPICAL OUTLINE DRAWING FOR STREETS DRAINAGE ........................................................ 46 FIGURE A-3 - TYPICAL OUTLINES FOR STREETS AND SLOPES DRAINAGE................................................. 47 FIGURE A-4 - DETAIL 1 ........................................................................................................................................ 48 FIGURE A-5 - DETAIL 2 ........................................................................................................................................ 48 FIGURE A-6 - DETAIL 3 ........................................................................................................................................ 49 FIGURE A-7 - DETAIL 4 ........................................................................................................................................ 49 FIGURE A-8 - DETAIL 5 ........................................................................................................................................ 50 FIGURE A-9 - DIVED AREA DRAINAGE DIAGRAM (FOR CONTAMINATED SYSTEM ONLY).......................... 51 FIGURE A-10 - DIVED AREA DRAINAGE DIAGRAM (WITH ALTERNATIVE TRANSFER TO CLEAN PLUVIAL SYSTEM)...................................................................................................................................... 52 FIGURE A-11 - DIVED AREAS DRAINAGE FOR THE CONTAMINATED SYSTEM ONLY ................................. 53 FIGURE A-12 - DRAINAGE OF THE DIVED AREAS (WITH ALTERNATIVE TRANSFER TO CLEAN PLUVIAL WATER SYSTEM) ........................................................................................................................ 54 FIGURE A-13 - DIVED AREA DRAINAGE (VALVE BOX CLOSE TO DRAINAGE CHANNEL) ............................ 55 FIGURE A-14 - DIVED AREAS DRAINAGE (VALVE BOX FAR FROM THE DRAINAGE CHANNEL) ................. 55 FIGURE A-15 - DIVED AREA DRAINAGE VALVE BOX .................................................................................... 56 FIGURE A-16 - COLLECTOR TANK OF THE DIVED AREA................................................................................. 56 FIGURE A-17 - DIAGRAM SHOWING MANUAL TANK BOTTOM DRAINAGE SYSTEM OPENED SYSTEM (WITH INSPECTION AND MANEUVERING BOXES) .................................................................. 57 FIGURE A-18 - DIAGRAM SHOWING MANUAL TANK BOTTOM DRAINAGE SYSTEM - CLOSED SYSTEM (WITH SAMPLERS)...................................................................................................................... 58 FIGURE A-19 - DIAGRAM SHOWING MANUAL TANK BOTTOM DRAINAGE SYSTEM CLOSED SYSTEM (WITH CENTERED SAMPLERS) ................................................................................................. 59 FIGURE A-20 - DIAGRAM SHOWING AUTOMATIC TANK BOTTOM DRAINAGE SYSTEM (WITH AN OIL/WATER INTERFACE CONTROL SYSTEM FOR EACH TANK)............................................ 60 FIGURE A-21 - DIAGRAM SHOWING AUTOMATIC TANK BOTTOM DRAINAGE SYSTEM (WITH AN OIL/WATER INTERFACE CONTROL SYSTEM FOR A GROUP OF TANKS)............................. 61
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FIGURE A-22 - MODEL OF PARTITION BOX OF CONTAMINATED SYSTEM (WITH OVERFLOW TO THE BAC) ............................................................................................................................................. 62 FIGURE A-23 - MODELS OF OILY SYSTEM PARTITION BOX AND ACCUMULATION BASIN (BAO)............... 63 FIGURE A-24 - CONTAMINATED WATER ACCUMULATION TANK (CAT)......................................................... 64 FIGURE A-25 - OILY WATER ACCUMULATION TANK (OAT) ............................................................................. 65 FIGURE A-26 - TYPICAL DIAGRAM OF CONTAINED AREAS ............................................................................ 66 FIGURE A-27 - SIMPLIFIED DIAGRAM OF DRAINAGE SYSTEMS OF A PROCESS UNIT ............................... 67 FIGURE A-28 - DRAINAGE OF CONTAINED AREAS OF PUMPS ...................................................................... 68 FIGURE A-29 - SIMPLE FLOOR GRATER ........................................................................................................... 69 FIGURE A-30 - GRATER FOR EQUIPMENT WITH VISIBLE DISCHARGE ......................................................... 70 FIGURE A-31 - GRATER FOR EQUIPMENT WITH END FLANGED AT THE COUPLING .................................. 71 FIGURE A-32 - FLOOR GRATER WITH WATER SEAL ....................................................................................... 72 FIGURE A-33 - DRAINAGE OF EQUIPMENT....................................................................................................... 73 FIGURE A-34 - OPTIONAL ACCESS FOR DRAINS CLEANING.......................................................................... 74 FIGURE A-35 - GRATER BOX WITH COVER FOR PLUVIAL WATERS .............................................................. 75 FIGURE A-36 - CONTAMINATED COLLECTOR TANK........................................................................................ 76 FIGURE A-37 - PASSAGE BOX WITH WATER SEAL FOR INLET PIPING SYSTEM WITH ND 50 CM .......... 77 FIGURE A-38 - PASSAGE BOX WITH WATER SEAL FOR INLET PIPING SYSTEM WITH ND > 50 CM........... 78 FIGURE A-39 - SQUARE PASSAGE BOX WITHOUT NECK ............................................................................... 79 FIGURE A-40 - SQUARE PASSAGE BOX WITH NECK ....................................................................................... 80 FIGURE A-41 - COLLECTOR TANK WITH PUMPING.......................................................................................... 81 FIGURE A-42 - TYPICAL DIAGRAM FOR DRAINAGE CHANNELS OF PUMP-OUT SYSTEM - PLAN VIEW AND SECTION...................................................................................................................................... 82
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/FOREWORD
N-38
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This Standard is the English version (issued in JAN/2001) of Standard PETROBRAS N-38 REV. E - JUL/2000.
1 SCOPE
1.1 This Standard establishes basic criteria and requirements of design which shall be considered for the following systems: drainage, collection, segregation, routing, accumulation and preliminary treatment of industrial and domestic liquid effluents of PETROBRAS Onshore Units. 1.2 This Standard is applied to design starting from its issue date. 1.3 This Standard contains Technical Requirements and Recommended Practices.
2 SUPPLEMENTARY DOCUMENTS
The documents listed below contain valid requirements for the present Standard. Resoluo CONAMA-020/86, de 18/06/86; PETROBRAS N-1203 - Design for Fire Protection Systems in Hydrocarbon Installations; PETROBRAS N-1601 - Construo de Drenagem e de Despejos Lquidos em Unidades Industriais; PETROBRAS N-1645 - Critrios de Segurana para Projeto de Instalaes Fixas de Armazenamento de Gs Liqefeito de Petrleo; PETROBRAS N-1674 - Layout Design for Petroleum Refinery; PETROBRAS N-1886 - Projeto de Sistemas de Combate a Incndio com gua e Espuma para reas de Armazenamento e Transferncia de lcool; PETROBRAS N-1947 - Aplicaes de Revestimento Base de Esmalte de Asfalto em Tubulaes Enterradas ou Submersas; PETROBRAS N-2238 - Revestimentos de Dutos Enterrados com Fitas Plsticas de Polietileno; ABNT NBR 5645 - Tubo Cermico para Canalizaes; ABNT NBR 5688 - Sistemas Prediais de gua Pluvial, Esgoto Sanitrio e Ventilao - Tubos e Conexes de PVC, Tipo DN Requisitos; ABNT NBR 7229 - Projeto, Construo e Operao de Sistemas de Tanques Spticos; ABNT NBR 7362-1 - Sistemas Enterrados para Conduo de Esgoto Parte 1: Requisitos para Tubos de PVC com Junta Elstica; ABNT NBR 7661 - Tubo de Ferro Fundido Centrifugado, de Ponta e Bolsa, para Lquidos sob Presso, com Junta No Elstica; ABNT NBR 7663 - Tubo de Ferro Fundido Dctil Centrifugado, para Canalizaes sob Presso;
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ABNT NBR 7665
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- Sistemas para Aduo e Distribuio de gua - Tubos de PVC 12 DEFOFO com Junta Elstica - Requisitos; ABNT NBR 8160 - Sistemas Prediais de Esgoto Sanitrio - Projeto e Execuo; ABNT NBR 8682 - Revestimento de Argamassa de Cimento em Tubos de Ferro Fundido Dctil; ABNT NBR 8890 - Tubo de Concreto Armado, de Seo Circular, para Esgoto Sanitrio; ABNT NBR 9793 - Tubo de Concreto Simples de Seo Circular para guas Pluviais; ABNT NBR 9794 - Tubo de Concreto Armado de Seo Circular para guas Pluviais; ABNT NBR 9800 - Critrios para Lanamento de Efluentes Lquidos Industriais no Sistema Coletor Pblico de Esgoto Sanitrio; ABNT NBR 9896 - Glossrio de Poluio das guas; ABNT NBR 10004 - Resduos Slidos; ABNT NBR 10158 - Tampo Circular de Ferro Fundido - Dimenses; ABNT NBR 10160 - Tampo Circular de Ferro Fundido; ABNT NBR 10843 - Tubos de PVC Rgido para Instalaes Prediais de guas Pluviais; ABNT NBR 10845 - Tubo de Polister Reforado com Fibras de Vidro, com Junta Elstica, para Esgotos Sanitrios; ABNT NBR 11852 - Caixa de Descarga; Associao Brasileira de Cimento Portland - BT 55 - Efeito de Vrias Substncias Sobre o Concreto; PFAFSTETTER, Otto - Chuvas Intensas no Brasil - 2 Edio - 1982 - RJ Departamento Nacional de Obras de Saneamento.
3 DEFINITIONS
For the purposes of this Standard the definitions in items 3.1 to 3.17 are adopted, complemented by those given in standard PETROBRAS N-1674 and standards ABNT NBR 7229 and NBR 8160. 3.1 Emergency Control Water Water used on special occasions such as for fire fighting, for cooling vessels or equipment under abnormal conditions and for dilution of toxic, combustible or flammable liquids, gases or vapors. 3.2 Contained Area An area surrounded by walls, projections, drainage channels, or lowered to limit the spreading of liquids inside it and to promote their flow through graters, to prevent the reception of contributions from outside the contained area (see FIGURE A-6 of ANNEX A). 3.3 Controlled Areas Contained areas which have devices for controlling the effluents flow received therein, such as dived area.
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3.4 Accumulation Box A box to storage oily waters from the tank bottom.
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3.5 Tank Bottom Drainage System Sampling Box A box to collect the samplers flow of storage tank bottom drainage piping system, built with a neck to prevent the inflow of pluvial waters accumulated in the basin (see FIGURES A-18 and A-19 of ANNEX A). 3.6 Collector Tank of the Dived Area A box to collect pluvial waters from inside the basin, with a device for removing solids, interconnected through pipe to the basin valve box (see FIGURES A-9, A-10, A-11, A-12 and A-16 of ANNEX A). 3.7 Contaminated Collector Tank A box to collect pluvial waters or emergency control waters from non-contained areas of process units and the drainage from other boxes and sending them to a contaminated system with a water seal device and a metal grater (see FIGURE A-36 of ANNEX A). 3.8 Tank Bottom Drainage Maneuvering and Inspection Box A box for incoming pipe from the storage tank bottom drain, to permit the visualization of the drained fluid. It is located near the storage tank and it has a neck to prevent the inflow of basin pluvial waters (see FIGURE A-17 of ANNEX A). 3.9 Passage Box A box to collect and/or rout flows, allowing the inspection and cleanup of drainage networks, which may be fitted with a vent device (see FIGURES A-39 and A-40 of ANNEX A). 3.10 Special Passage Box A passage box to collect and/or rout flows, allowing the inspection and cleanup of specific drainage networks such as sour waters system and spent soda system among others. These boxes shall have suitable characteristics for each system. 3.11 Passage Box with Water Seal A passage box with a water seal and vent device to prevent the propagation of gases along the pipe (see FIGURES A-37 and A-38 of ANNEX A). 3.12 Tank Bottom Drainage System Outlet Box A box to access to the tank bottom drainage pipe outlet valve, with a spindle to hand at the ground level and located outside the basin (see FIGURES A-17, A-18 and A-19 of ANNEX A).
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3.13 Valves Box of the Dived Area
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A box to access to the valve or to the manifold of the basin drainage outlet valve, located outside the basin, with spindles for handling at the ground level, interconnected to the collector tank, which allows the pluvial waters in the basin to be sent to the clean or contaminated pluvial system (see FIGURES A-9, A-10, A-11, A-12, A-13, A-14 and A-15 of ANNEX A). 3.14 Floor Grater with Water Seal A grater to collect pluvial water or emergency control water in the contained areas and to send the effluents to the passage box (see FIGURE A-32 of ANNEX A). 3.15 Closed System A group of pipes, boxes and other devices to prevent the direct contact of the liquid streams circulating inside them in contact with the atmosphere. 3.16 Sealed System A group of pipes, boxes and other devices to prevent vapors release to the atmosphere, relieving them through specific accessories. 3.17 Dry-Weather Flow Rate Consists on flows rate which do not depend on rains, such as drainage from the bottom of petroleum and its products tanks, drainage from equipment, purge from cooling towers, different effluents from process units and floor washing waters of all areas characterized by the presence of various contaminating agents.
4 GENERAL CONDITIONS
4.1 The philosophy which shall orient the execution of draining designs shall be the complete segregation of oily/contaminated systems from the clean pluvial system, to prevent the discharge of oily/contaminated waters into the receiving body and overload of the Effluent Treatment Station with the improper outflow of clean pluvial waters.
4.2 Drainage systems shall be dimensioned to hold the highest of the following contributing flows rates: a) rain, emergency discharges, drains of equipment, machines cooling water and process effluents, occurring simultaneously; b) emergency control waters.
4.3 For any system, the contribution of pluvial water shall be calculated considering the arrival time of the contribution located farthest away until the interest point (concentration period), besides the rain intensity variation with time.
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4.4 The volume of pluvial waters for any system shall be calculated considering the soil absorption coefficient.
4.5 The region rainfall shall be considered for a period of 20 years. These data shall be obtained through local records gathered by an entity of proven capacity or rates indicated in the book Chuvas Intensas no Brasil, by Otto Pfafstetter.
4.6 The flows rate indicated by standards PETROBRAS N-1203 and N-1886 shall be considered as total contribution of emergency control water. For design purposes, an emergency situation occurring in more than one unit simultaneously shall not be considered.
4.7 The equipment such as furnaces, pumps, heat exchangers and others which make the area susceptible to leakage of petroleum, its products, excluding LPG and other liquefied gases, and/or other chemical products, shall be installed in contained areas (see FIGURE A-26 of ANNEX A).
4.8 The piping system accessories located on pipeways, such as valves, flanges, vents, drains, filters and other places where leakage of petroleum, its products and/or other chemical products, excluding LPG and other liquefied gases, may occur, shall be installed in contained areas.
4.9 The Operation Manual of systems which contribute to the drainage system should be checked and, if necessary, revised, so that the contaminant contents and flows rate of liquid effluents from the process units be minimized by adjustments in the process, recycling and/or treatment at the location. [Recommended Practice]
5 SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATION
Liquid effluents shall be classified into one of the following systems: a) clean pluvial; b) contaminated; c) oily; d) sour waters; e) caustic or acid; f) sulfide spent soda; g) phenolic spent soda; h) pump-out; i) high solid content stream; j) sanitary; k) ship ballast oily water; l) drilling discharge with water base fluid; m) drilling discharge with oil base fluid; n) contaminated drilling; o) completion effluents; p) specials [Tetraethyl Lead (TEL), MTBE, alcohol, areas used for storage of solid materials, laboratories].
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6 CLEAN PLUVIAL SYSTEM
6.1 Description
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A system to which uncontaminated water streams are sent, permitting the presence of substances in such concentrations that they can be directly discharged into the receiving body, in accordance with CONAMA Resolution 020/86 and/or the applicable State or Municipal Legislation. 6.2 Major Contributions
6.2.1 Pluvial water, emergency control water and floor washing water collected at points such as: a) administrative area; b) streets outside the battery limits of the units; c) buildings, streets and areas not subject to contamination by process units, transfer and storage areas and utilities stations; d) areas for spheres and cylinders of gases, including liquefied gases, as well as the respective escape channels and contention basins; e) dived areas containing LPG or other refrigerated gases; f) dived areas with a segregated tank bottom drainage system (see item 7.3.1); g) pipeways, excluding their contained areas; h) earthmovement areas intended for future expansions.
6.2.2 Effluents such as: purge from boilers. 6.3 Drainage, Collection and Flow
6.3.1 The dived area shall be drained as described in item 7.3.1.
6.3.2 In the case of the area for spheres and cylinders of gases, the effluent shall be sent to a contention basin, in accordance with standard PETROBRAS N-1645, before being released into the clean pluvial system.
6.3.3 A gravity flow in an opened drainage channel should preferably be adopted. The drainage channel may be built of reinforced concrete, masonry covered with mortar, concrete half-round, or molded in the soil covered with reinforced mortar. 6.4 Preliminary Treatment The effluents characterized in this system shall undergo treatments for removal of coarse solids and sand before being released into the receiving body. The streams that receive contribution from drainage from the dived areas shall have a sealed baffle with a water seal.
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7 CONTAMINATED SYSTEM
7.1 Description
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A system to which water streams characterized by the occasional presence of hydrocarbons are sent, and which may contain suspended and dissolved solids and/or other contaminants in such concentrations that they cannot be released directly into the receiving body, in accordance with CONAMA Resolution 020/86 and/or the applicable State or Municipal Legislation. 7.2 Major Contributions
7.2.1 Pluvial water, emergency control water, cooling water, floor washing water and drainage collected at places such as: a) dived areas, including those which have a segregated tank bottom drainage system (see item 7.3.1), excluding those which containing LPG and other liquefied or refrigerated gases; b) contained areas of pipeways, that is, areas susceptible to leakage such as those near vents, flanges, valves, drains and other accessories; c) manifold areas; d) non-contained areas of process units, of thermoelectric power stations and of pumps; e) contained areas of Liquid Effluents Treatment Station; f) contained areas of compressor stations; g) area of oil base drilling and/or completion fluid treatment station; h) areas for collection and cleanup of materials and equipment to avoid oil pollution; i) area for checking loads tank trucks.
7.2.2 Effluents such as: continuous purge from accumulation basins of cooling towers. 7.3 Drainage, Collection and Flow
7.3.1 Drainage of the dived area (see FIGURES A-9 to A-16 of ANNEX A).
7.3.1.1 The drainage from the dived area shall be completely segregated from the drainage from tank bottoms.
7.3.1.2 Pluvial waters that fall in the dived areas shall be sent to the collector tanks of the dived area.
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7.3.1.3 The outlet pipe of the collector tank, after passing through the dike, shall be sent to the basin valve box, which sends the flow to the contaminated system (see FIGURES A-9 and A-11 of ANNEX A). As an alternative to this system, a manifold may be installed in the basin valve box so as to permit the flow to be sent to the clean or contaminated pluvial system (see FIGURES A-10 and A-12 of ANNEX A), provided the following conditions are followed: a) the tank to be drained shall have a telemetry-based level measuring system; b) existence of operational criteria ensuring that the basin drainage operation and transfer of products to the tank operation will not occur simultaneously; c) existence of instrumentation and control systems or operational procedures ensuring constant supervision of the basin or valve box, so as to guarantee the absence of oil in the clean pluvial system.
7.3.2 A gravity flow shall be adopted, preferably using open reinforced concrete drainage channels toward the Liquid Effluent Treatment Station. The pumping to a nearby collector shall only be adopted in exceptional cases and preferably outside the battery limits of the units.
7.3.3 The use of piping system shall be adopted within the battery limits of process units at street crossings or where necessary.
7.3.4 Collection and flow of effluents from non-contained areas of process units, of thermoelectric power stations, of pump stations, as well as pipeways located within these areas shall be accomplished through a sealed and buried system up to the battery limit of the unit. 7.4 Preliminary Treatment
7.4.1 The diagram shown in FIGURE 1 shall be adopted as a basis for the preliminary treatment:
Disposal in Receiving Body 2 Contaminated Effluent Grating Desanding Unit

nd
Weir Primary Treatment
Partition Box 1 Weir

st
Overflow Unit of Accumulation Basin or Tank of Oily System
Accumulation Basin or Tank of Contaminated System
FIGURE 1 - DIAGRAM OF EFFLUENTS ROUTING AND TREATMENT FROM THE CONTAMINATED SYSTEM
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7.4.2 Under dry weather conditions, the effluents shall be sent to the SAO without free fall of effluent. Under rain or fire conditions, when the inflow rate into the partition box is higher than the maximum transfer capacity of this system to the SAO, the excess flow rate shall be diverted through the weir to the accumulation basin. 7.4.3 Grating Equipment used for retaining coarse solids through fixed or movable gratings with facilities for cleaning and removing retained solids. 7.4.4 Desanding Unit Equipment used for removing fine solids, consisting of a settling system, equipped with facilities for cleaning and removing retained solids. 7.4.5 Partition Box (See FIGURE A-22 of ANNEX A) A box for ruting excess flows resulting from rain or emergency water, when the inflow rate into this box is over than the maximum transfer capacity allowed for this system to the treatment station. Under normal conditions, the effluent is sent to the treatment station through a suitable flow rate limiting system. This box has two weirs: the first one for diverting the excess flow to the BAC/CAT and the second, fitted with a baffle and a water seal, is used for diverting the flow exceeding the capacity of the BAC/CAT to the receiving body. 7.4.6 Accumulation Basin or Tank - BAC/CAT (See FIGURES A-22 and A-24 of ANNEX A) 7.4.6.1 Reinforced concrete basin or closed tank dimensioned to store the effluent flow rate from the contaminated system exceeding the treatment station capacity. After the rain or emergency situation has finished, the accumulated effluent shall be transferred to the treatment station, preferably by gravity, with a flow rate not exceeding the maximum design flow rate specified for the treatment system. 7.4.6.2 The BAC/CAT capacity shall be dimensioned to hold the largest of the following volumes: a) emergency control water for 30 minutes of fire fighting, with the flow rate according to the criterion of standards PETROBRAS N-1203 and N-1886; b) the excess flow rate defined in item 7.4.2, calculated for the maximum region rainfall, determined in a recurrence period of 20 years, and for a rain duration equal to the period of time needed for the arrival contribution located farthest away at the basin, plus 10 minutes. 7.4.6.3 When the contaminated flow rate exceeding the capacity of the treatment station accumulates in a tank (CAT), the following premises shall be followed (see FIGURE A-24 of ANNEX A): a) the tank shall be built in accordance with the API Manual design criteria; b) the maximum working level of the CAT shall be below the maximum level of the contaminated partition box, providing a difference in level to promote the flow movement; c) provision shall be made for an emergency overflow over the maximum working level of the CAT. 16
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7.4.6.4 More than one group may be used (partition box plus BAC/CAT), to reduce the period of time needed for arrival of the contribution located farthest away.
8 OILY SYSTEM
8.1 Description A system to which water streams characterized by the constant presence of hydrocarbons are sent, and which may contain suspended and dissolved solids and/or other contaminants. 8.2 Major Contributions
8.2.1 Pluvial water, emergency control water, cooling water, floor washing water and drainage collected at places such as: a) contained areas of process units, of thermoelectric power stations and of pumps; b) loading and unloading areas of trucks and tank cars for petroleum or its products; c) area for washing equipment in factory; d) area for washing heat exchanger bundles; e) contained areas of the fire fighting training field; f) landfarming; g) service stations and garages where lubrication and washing of vehicles occur.
8.2.2 Effluents such as: a) drainage from the bottom of tanks containing petroleum and its products, excluding LPG and other liquefied or refrigerated gases; b) drainage from the bottom of slop tanks, when not contaminated by the compounds indicated in item 9.1 (see Note); c) drainage from the bottom of industrial embankment; d) drainage from the bottom of equipment of process units, of thermoelectric power stations and of areas of pumps containing or moving oils, including those from sour water and spent soda treatment units; e) intermittent purge of surfaces of accumulation basins of cooling towers; f) effluents from desalters; g) petroleum products water; h) tank ballast oily water; i) effluents from tanks for washing parts, equipment and instruments which use petroleum products and other chemical products.
Note:
The slop tanks containing effluents presenting contamination by the compounds mentioned above shall be fitted with devices allowing the drainage to a sour water system.
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8.3.1 Drainage of Tank Bottom Oily Water (See FIGURES A-17 to A-21 of ANNEX A) 8.3.1.1 Basic Concepts a) the drainage of oily waters from tank bottom should preferably be automatic, with gravity flow to the oily system; b) at the outlet of the dived area, the drainage pipe shall be fitted with valves with a spindle for handling at ground level, centered at the outlet box; c) the tank bottom drainage shall be always kept separate from drainage from pluvial waters falling in the dived areas; d) the automatic or manual drainage system shall have resources for recovering the volume of oil retained in the lines between the tank and the block valves; e) the automatic or manual drainage system shall have a water/oil interface detection system; f) the drain valves shall be kept close to the tank shell regardless of the solution adopted; g) in the case that is necessary control the tank bottom drainage flows rate for treatment, a drainage tank may be used; h) if a suitable treatment system is unavailable, the tank bottom drainage shall be sent to an accumulation box for future treatment. 8.3.1.2 Automatic Tank Bottom Drainage System (See FIGURES A-20 and A-21 of ANNEX A) a) this system shall be basically comprised of motor-operated block valves (one valve for each tank), water/oil interface sensing elements and a programmable logic controller (PLC); b) in the case of the solution adopted is a dedicated PLC, exclusively for the automatic drainage system, it shall be capable of communicating with the PLC of the plant; c) oily waters shall flow through piping system, by gravity, directly from the tanks to the oily system; d) sensing elements shall detect the content of oil in the drained fluid; e) these elements shall send signals to the programmable logic controller which controls the flow block valves installed in the drainage lines of the tanks; f) a water/oil interface control system shall be installed, preferably as close as possible to each tank; g) if a water/oil interface control system is adopted for each group of tanks connected to a block valve manifold, the sensing element shall be located to minimize its distance from the storage tanks, with provision being made for a recovery system of the product contained in the piping system section between the tank and the block valve. 8.3.1.3 Manual Tank Bottom Drainage System a) opened system (see FIGURE A-17 of ANNEX A): - the tank bottom drain shall discharge into an inspection and maneuvering box, built inside the basin, with a neck to prevent the pluvial waters inflow, allowing the visualization of the water/oil interface; - according to the operational needs or the characteristics of each tank, there may be one or more boxes per tank built near each drain; - from the inspection and maneuvering box the flow is sent through piping system to the outlet box; 18
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b) closed system (see FIGURES A-18 and A-19 of ANNEX A): - the tank bottom drainage piping system shall have a sampler located near the next drain, allowing visual detection of the water/oil interface; - there shall be a sampling box with a neck below the sampler to prevent the pluvial waters inflow from the basin; - there may be one or more drainage points according to the operational needs or characteristics of each tank, with the samplers located near each tank drain; - the drainage from the sampling box shall be sent to the oily water piping system; - in the case of the samplers and all valves are centered for ease of system operation, a system shall be provided for recovery the oil retained in the lines, through a group of specific lines and valves, which shall discharge into an accumulation sump tank located outside the basin. 8.3.1.4 Drainage System Using Drainage Tank a) the individual drainages from tanks shall be interconnected to a header which will send the flow to the drainage tank; b) tank drainage shall stop automatically via a signal indicating the end of the water phase from the sensor installed at a strategic point or another water phase indication system, so as to minimize the presence of oil in piping system; c) the effluents shall be sent from the drainage tank to the oily system, preferably by gravity, with controlled flow rate; d) the drainage tank shall have an oil collecting floating device. 8.3.1.5 Drainage System Using Accumulation Box a) the dimensioning of the accumulation box shall be compatible with the volume to be drained and with the transfer and treatment capacities; b) the accumulation box shall be provided with a level control system, interlocked with the tank drainage system, to prevent the box from overflowing; c) the accumulation box shall have installations to allow it to be emptied into carts or into the treatment system. 8.3.2 Collection and Flow Collection and flow shall always be accomplished through a sealed and buried system. The flow shall be by gravity toward the Liquid Effluent Treatment Station. The pumping to a nearby collector shall only be adopted in exceptional cases. 8.4 Preliminary Treatment
8.4.1 The diagram shown in FIGURE 2 shall be adopted as a basis for the preliminary treatment.
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Oily Effluent
Grating
Partition Box Weir
Primary Treatment
Accumulation Basin/Tank of Contaminated System
Overflow
Pipe
Accumulation Basin/Tank of Oily System
FIGURE 2 - DIAGRAM OF ROUTING AND PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF THE OILY SYSTEM EFFLUENTS
8.4.2 Under dry weather conditions, the effluents shall be sent to the SAO without free fall of effluent (submerged incoming piping system). Under rain or fire conditions, when the inflow rate into the partition box is higher than the maximum transfer capacity of this system to the SAO, excess flow shall be diverted through a weir to the accumulation basin/tank.
8.4.3 Landfarming and other areas effluents that may carry significant quantities of sand shall pass through a local system for removal of these solids before being sent to the preliminary treatment.
8.4.4 Grating Equipment for retaining coarse solids through fixed or movable gratings provided with installations for cleaning and removing retained solids.
8.4.5 Partition Box (See FIGURE A-23 of ANNEX A) A box for sending oily effluents from the process and pluvial or emergency waters of oily areas. Under normal conditions the effluent is sent to the treatment station through a suitable flow rate limiting system. When the inflow into this box is higher than the maximum capacity allowed for transfer to the treatment station, the excess flow is diverted through a weir to the BAO/OAT.
8.4.6 Accumulation Basin or Tank - BAO/OAT (See FIGURES A-23 and A-25 of ANNEX A)
8.4.6.1 Reinforced concrete basin or closed tank dimensioned to hold the flow rate of oily effluent exceeding the capacity of the treatment station. After the rain or emergency situation has ceased, the accumulated effluent shall be transferred to the treatment station, preferably by gravity and without free fall of effluent, with a flow rate not exceeding the maximum design flow rate specified for the treatment system.
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8.4.6.2 The capacity of the basin/tank shall be dimensioned to hold the highest of the following volumes: a) emergency control water for the periods and flows rate for fire fighting defined in standards PETROBRAS N-1203 and N-1886; b) the excess flow rate described in item 8.4.2, for the maximum region rainfall, determined in a recurrence period of 20 years and considering a period of 2 hours and 30 minutes of rainfall.
8.4.6.3 The BAO shall be fitted with a weir, with a baffle to retain oil, to permit its overflow to the BAC.
8.4.6.4 When the flow exceeding the capacity of the treatment station is accumulated in the tank (OAT), the following premises shall be observed (see FIGURE A-25 of ANNEX A): a) the tank shall be built in accordance with the API Manual design criteria; b) the maximum working level of the OAT shall be below the maximum level of the oily partition box, providing a difference in level to promote movement of flow; c) the overflow level shall be below the maximum level of the oily partition box and over the maximum level of the BAC/CAT to promote displacement of flows.
9 SOUR WATER SYSTEM

9.1 Description A system to which steam condensate from the process units and other streams contaminated especially with sulfides, mercaptides, ammonia, cyanides, phenols, cresols and other contaminants. 9.2 Major Contributions a) condensate from the atmospheric distillation reflux drum; b) condensate from the vacuum distillation top drum; c) condensate from the reflux drum of the fractionating column of the Catalytic Cracking units (FCC or RFCC); d) condensate from the reflux drum of stabilizers of hydrosulfurizations (HSSs) and hydrotreatments (HDTs); e) water for washing gases of the FCC and RFCC; f) liquid from the flare system condensate separation drum; g) other components similar to those described above from the other units such as Coke, Reform and others, besides effluents from their reactors and product washing equipment; h) drainage from the bottom of slop tanks when contaminated with the compounds indicated in item 9.1. 9.3 Collection and Flow Collection and flow shall be accomplished through a closed system. These effluents shall be sent to the Sour Water Treatment Unit.
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Residual Gas Storage and Preliminary Separation of Oil Recovered Oil Sour Water Treatment Unit Effluent Reuse or Oily System Burning or Recovery of Sulfur
Sour Waters
Reuse or Oily System
FIGURE 3 - DIAGRAM OF ROUTING AND PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF THE SOUR WATER SYSTEM EFFLUENTS
9.4.2 Storage and Preliminary Separation of Oil Sour waters shall be stored in a vessel or load tank capable of allowing the unit to operate at a constant flow rate and with a sufficient volume to contain the inventory of the unit in case of an emergency. The vessel or tank shall be sealed with inert gas or fuel gas, with relief to the flare system. The system shall have installations for separating oil, with the separated oil being sent for re-use or to the oily system and the sour waters sent to the sour water treatment unit. 9.4.3 Sour Water Treatment Unit The sour water treatment unit shall separate the gas and liquid phases so as to permit the gas phase to be sent to the residual gas system or to the sulfur recovery system and the liquid phase for re-use, such as desalination of petroleum, or to the oily system. When the destination of the liquid phase effluent is the oily system, its maximum temperature shall be limited to 40 C. The contents of contaminants, particularly sulfides and ammonia, shall be such as to ensure that the final effluent of the industrial effluent treatment unit complies the requirements of the applicable environmental legislation.
10 CAUSTIC OR ACID SYSTEM

10.1 Description A system to which water streams characterized by contamination through drainage, spillage or leakage of equipment which move or contain caustic or acid products. 10.2 Major Contributions Pluvial waters, emergency control waters, cooling waters and floor washing waters collected at places such as: a) contained areas of equipment of process units, containing or moving caustic or acid fluids such as proportioning pumps, soda tanks and sulfuric acid tanks; b) contained areas of units used for preparation of caustic or acid solutions; c) contained areas for loading and unloading caustic or acid fluids. 22
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10.3.1 The drainages from contained areas, as well as the effluents from operations involving regeneration and displacement of ionic exchange vessels, shall be sent to containment/neutralization tank(s).
10.3.2 Collection and flow shall be accomplished at all times through a closed and buried system or covered drainage channels with removable covers, resistant to alkalis and acids. These effluents shall be brought together in a special passage box within the limits of each unit and then sent, if possible, to a special central passage box for subsequent transfer to the containment/neutralization tank.
10.3.3 When the transfer from the central box to the containment tank is done by pumping, the pumping system shall be designed so as to ensure that there will be no possibility of overflowing.
10.3.4 The containment/neutralization tank shall be in reinforced concrete, with anticorrosive coating, and provided with effluent neutralization installations.
10.3.5 The effluents from backwashing and rinsing operations may be sent to the clean pluvial system, provided they are free of hydrocarbons and substances with concentrations below the limit established by CONAMA Resolution 020/86. [Recommended Practice]
10.3.6 Sulfuric acid and caustic soda tank drains shall be fitted with double block valves. 10.4 Preliminary Treatment
10.4.1 The largest contribution between rain (2 hours and 30 minutes of rainfall) and accidents shall be considered for the dimensioning of the system. The effluents from the caustic drainage system shall be sent to a containment/neutralization tank.
10.4.2 Containment/neutralization tank(s) containing acid or alkaline effluents shall be sized to contain the largest of the following possible effluent volumes: a) effluent from regeneration and displacement operations; b) largest possible leakage in contained area.
10.4.3 The neutralization of effluent, where necessary, may be effected in the containment tank, which in this case shall be provided with installations for its accomplishment, or in another unit which does the neutralization. The containment tank shall have installations for pumped discharge.
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10.4.4 When neutralization is accomplished by the balanced reaction of acid effluents with alkaline effluents, the capacity of the neutralization tank(s) shall be such as to contain the effluents of regeneration and displacement from a cationic vessel and an anionic vessel combined together. Neutralization tank(s) shall be covered with alkaline and acid resistant materials and equipped with installations to complete the neutralization. After the neutralization, the effluent shall be sent to the clean pluvial water system, provided it complies with the requirements of the applicable environmental legislation.
11 SULFIDE SPENT SODA SYSTEM

11.1 Description System to which water streams characterized by contamination with sulfides, mercaptides, cyanides and phenols in a concentration below 1 % (p/v) are sent. This system also has free non-reacted soda.
Note:
If any stream containing phenols in a quantity over 1 % (p/v), it shall be considered phenolic spent soda.
11.2 Major Contributions a) soda from the caustic treatment of products; b) waters used for washing products from caustic treatments. 11.3 Collection and Flow Collection and flow shall be effected through a closed system provided with special passage boxes. These effluents shall be sent to the Spent Soda Treatment Unit. 11.4 Preliminary Treatment
11.4.1 The diagram shown in FIGURE 4 shall be considered as a basis for the preliminary treatment.
Residual Gas Burning or Recovery of Sulfur
Sulfide Spent Soda
Storage and Preliminary Separation of Oil
Spent Soda Treatment Unit Effluent Recovered Oil
Oily System
Reuse or Oily System
FIGURE 4 - DIAGRAM OF ROUTING AND PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF THE HYDROGEN SULFIDE SPENT SODA SYSTEM EFFLUENTS
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11.4.2 Storage and Preliminary Separation of Oil
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The effluents from the sulfide spent soda system shall be stored in two tanks or vessels (one receiving spent soda and the other feeding the unit), which may be the same ones used in the phenolic spent soda system in case the treatment is the same. The tanks or vessels shall have installations for removing floating oil, and shall be sealed with inert gas or fuel gas, with relief to the flare system. The oil separated shall be sent for re-use or to the oily system. The feed shall be done in such a manner as to prevent free fall of products in the tank or vessel.
11.4.3 Treatment and Neutralization
11.4.3.1 The sulfide spent soda, free from excessive oil, shall be processed for removal and neutralization of contaminants. Among the existing processes, the following ones are accepted: a) b) c) d) saturation with sour acid; wet thermal oxidation; neutralization with residual flue gases; neutralization with strong mineral acid.
11.4.3.2 Regardless of the process adopted, the gases produced in the treatment and neutralization unit shall be sent to the de residual gas system or to the sulfur recovery unit. The oil separated during the process shall be sent for re-use or to the oily system. The liquid effluent from the sulfide spent soda treatment and neutralization unit shall be sent to the oily system. Its maximum temperature shall be limited to 40 C, the contents of contaminants, particularly sulfides and phenols and the pH, shall be such as not to impact the effluent treatment station causing non-compliance of the final effluent with the applicable requirements.
12 PHENOLIC SPENT SODA SYSTEM

12.1 Description A system to which water streams contaminated with sulfides, mercaptides, cyanides, cresols and phenols with a concentration over 1 % (p/v) are sent. This system also has non-reacted free soda. 12.2 Major Contributions a) soda from caustic treatments of products; b) waters used for washing products from caustic treatments. 12.3 Collection and Flow Collection and flow shall be accomplished through a closed system provided with a special passage box. These effluents shall be sent to the Spent Soda Treatment Unit with re-use of the cresols being possible.
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12.4.1 The diagram shown in FIGURE 5 shall be adopted as a basis for the treatment.
Residual Gas Burning or Recovery of Sulfur Oily System with Cresols Re-use or Oily System
Effluent Phenolic Spent Soda System Storage and Preliminary Separation of Oil Spent Soda Treatment Unit
Recovered Oil
Oil with fraction Re-use of Cresols
FIGURE 5 - DIAGRAM OF ROUTING AND PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF THE PHENOLIC SPENT SODA SYSTEM EFFLUENTS
12.4.2 Storage and Preliminary Separation of Oil The effluents from the phenolic spent soda system shall be stored in two tanks or vessels (one receiving spent soda and the other feeding the unit), which may be the same ones used in the sulfide spent soda system in case of the same treatment. The tanks shall have installations for removal of floating oil and shall be sealed with inert gas or fuel gas, with relief to the flare system. The oil separated shall be sent for re-use or to the oily system. The feed shall be accomplished to prevent free fall of product in the tank or vessel.
12.4.3 Treatment and Neutralization
12.4.3.1 The phenolic spent soda excess oil-free shall be processed for removal and neutralization of contaminants. Among the existing processes the following ones are accepted: a) saturation with acid gas; b) neutralization with residual flue gases; c) neutralization with strong mineral acid.
12.4.3.2 Regardless of the process adopted, the gases produced in the treatment and neutralization system shall be sent to the residual gas system or to the sulfur recovery unit. The oil separated during the process shall be sent for re-use or to the oily system. The liquid effluent from the phenolic spent soda treatment and neutralization unit shall be sent to the oily system. Its maximum temperature shall be limited to 40 C, the contents of contaminants, particularly sulfides and phenols and the pH shall be such as not to impact the effluent treatment station and thus entail non-compliance of the final effluent with the relevant requirements.
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13 PUMP OUT SYSTEM
13.1 Description
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A system to which hydrocarbon streams, either specified or otherwise, from the emptying of equipment, piping system and samplers during scheduled or emergency shutdowns in process units shall be sent. 13.2 Collection and Flow Collection and flow shall be done in accordance with the process design specifications. If that design specifies a buried collecting network within the process unit, that network shall comply the following requirements:
13.2.1 The collector network shall have a constant camber toward the accumulation tank or vessel.
13.2.2 The collector network shall be contained inside concrete drainage channels, filled with fine, dry and loose sand and closed with a concrete cover totally enclosed with hydrocarbon resistant mastic so as to prevent the entrance of pluvial water inside the channel (see FIGURE A-42 of ANNEX A).
13.2.3 At each end of the collector there shall be a blind flange to permit the cleanup in case of clogging. The access to this flange shall be through a concrete box with a cover made of the same material.
13.2.4 The bottom of the drainage channel shall have a camber to the boxes of access to the flange with a device to prevent entrainment of sand. The bottom of the box for access to the flange shall be interconnected through a siphon to an oily system box.
13.2.5 If the accumulation vessel or tank is located within the battery limits of the unit and it is buried, it shall be installed inside a concrete basin, filled with fine, dry and loose sand, in such a manner as to ensure that there will not be an empty space between the vessel and other constructive elements.
14 HIGH SOLID CONTENT STREAM

14.1 Description System to which non-oily water streams with a high concentration of suspended solids are sent. 14.2 Major Contributions Effluent such as clarifier purges and backwashing of fresh water filters treatment units.
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14.3.1 Collection and flow shall be done based on the process design specifications.
14.3.2 The flow should preferably be by gravity in an open drainage channel, which may be built in reinforced concrete, masonry covered with mortar, concrete half round, or molded in the soil and covered with reinforced mortar. Depending on the type of chemical products found in the system and their concentrations, it may be necessary to use PVC pipes for drainage.
14.3.3 A special attention shall be paid to the drainage design so as to prevent low speed thus preventing excessive decanting of solids inside the elements during the flow. 14.4 Preliminary Treatment
Effluent Partition Box Solids Removal System Solids Water Reuse or Disposal In the Receiving Body According to the Requirements of the Applicable Environmental Legislation
Weir (Emergency Overflow) Receiving Body
Treatment or Disposal
FIGURE 6 - DIAGRAM OF ROUTING AND PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF STREAMS WITH HIGH CONTENT OF SOLIDS
14.4.2 Under normal process conditions, the effluents shall be sent to the system used for removing suspended solids and contaminants. The treated water shall subsequently be utilized through recirculation. When it is not possible fully re-use the water after passing it through the decanting system, the effluent may be discharged into the receiving body, provided it complies with the requirements of the applicable environmental legislation.
14.4.3 In sporadic and emergency situations, in case of the capacity of the solid removal system is exceeded, or in case of process failure, the effluent may be sent to the clean pluvial system for a short period of time. [Recommended Practice]
14.4.4 The sludge removed during the separation process shall have suitable treatment and disposal.
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15 SANITARY SYSTEM
15.1 Description
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A system to which effluents from the use of water for hygienic purposes are sent. 15.2 Major Contributions Effluents collected at points such as: a) b) c) d) e) f) g) lavatories; showers; closet bowls; urinals; sinks and drains of kitchen equipment; drains of building floors; drinking fountains.
15.3 Collection and Flow 15.3.1 Collection and flow shall be done in accordance with standard ABNT NBR 8160. 15.3.2 The non-sanitary effluents shall only be discharged into the sanitary sewage in special cases provided the requirements of standard ABNT NBR 9800 are complied. 15.4 Preliminary Treatment For units having a secondary (biological) treatment of industrial effluents, the effluents from the sanitary system after coarse solids have been removed, shall preferably be sent to that treatment. In the other cases, the treatment of effluents from the sanitary system shall comply with standard ABNT NBR 7229, in accordance with the applicable environmental legislation.
16 SHIP BALLAST OILY WATER SYSTEM

16.1 Description System to which oily waters from the ballast of ships and other vessels are sent. Note: The effluents from the ballast of ships that are contaminated with toxic chemical products shall not be included in this system.
16.2 Flow Oily water from ship ballast shall be flowed of separate piping systems and it shall be sent to ballast storage tanks. Ballast storage tanks shall be dimensioned so as to ensure that there will be no need at any time for ballast oily water to be disposed of without treatment. The flow from these tanks to the industrial Liquid Effluent Treatment Station should preferably be by gravity in a closed system.
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The oily water contained in ballast storage tanks shall be sent to the SAO through the oily system and then sent to the receiving body, in case of the effluent contamination level complies the requirements of the applicable environmental legislation. Otherwise, the SAO effluent shall be sent for complementary treatment.
17 DRILLING DISCHARGE WITH WATER BASE FLUID

17.1 Description Effluents disposed of in drilling dikes without hydrocarbons, and with suspended and dissolved solids and/or other contaminants. 17.2 Major Contributions
17.2.1 Pluvial waters, floor washing waters from the following areas: a) drilling fluid tanks; b) drilling platform; c) drilling fluid pumps.
17.2.2 Effluents such as: a) discharged water base fluid; b) water used for washing vibrating screens. 17.3 Collection and Flow Collection and flow shall be by gravity through concrete drainage channels sent to the drilling dike on a selective way so as to prevent the mixture with the clean/sanitary pluvial systems. 17.4 Construction of Dikes In regions with a very permeable (sandy) soil or in calcareous soils which can contain caverns near the surface (carstic relief) and in the case of residues generated by the drilling fluids belonging to class I or II in accordance with standard ABNT NBR 10004, the drilling dikes shall be waterproofed during their construction by using compacted clay or another material so as to obtain a maximum vertical permeability coefficient of 10-7 cm/s to prevent effluents percolation and, as a result, contamination of the water table. 17.5 Preliminary Treatment The primary treatment is the removal of solids by decanting in drilling dikes and the re-use of the contaminated water. At the end of the drilling activity the dike shall be drained and buried in accordance with the current legislation.
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18 DRILLING DISCHARGE WITH OIL BASE FLUID

18.1 Description Effluents discharged into drilling dikes with the presence of hydrocarbons, suspended solids, dissolved solids and/or other contaminants. 18.2 Major Contributions
18.2.1 Pluvial waters, floor washing waters of the following areas: a) drilling tanks; b) drilling platform; c) drilling pumps.
18.2.2 Effluents such as: a) discharged oil base fluid; b) waters for washing vibrating screens. 18.3 Collection and Flow Collection and flow shall be done by gravity through concrete drainage channels directed to a covered tank or basin to prevent the contamination of the area with oil. 18.4 Preliminary Treatment The effluent shall undergo a treatment for removal of coarse solids, sand and fines for reutilization. The unused effluent, which is not re-used, shall undergo treatment for final disposal in accordance with the current legislation.
19 DRILLING CONTAMINATED EFFLUENT

It is the effluent likely to contain hydrocarbons and suspended solids. 19.1 Description These are pluvial waters, waters used for washing and for drainage collected in the areas of motors and generators of the rig. 19.2 Collection and Flow Collection and flow of these effluents shall be by gravity through concrete drainage channels directed to a water/oil separator, on a selective way, so as to prevent the mixture among clean/sanitary/oily pluvial systems.
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The primary treatment is the removal of oil in the water/oil separator and the drainage of water. The effluent shall be sent to the clean pluvial system, provided it complies with the requirements of the applicable environmental legislation, otherwise it shall be sent to the dike.
20 COMPLETION EFFLUENTS
20.1 Description Effluents from interventions in onshore oil wells from completion, recompletion, restoration, cleaning operations and changes in elevation method, fracturing, chemical treatments, formation and products tests, abandonment and other related activities. 20.2 Major Contributions
20.2.1 Pluvial waters, floor washing water, in areas such as: a) fluid tanks; b) platform; c) process pumps.
20.2.2 Effluents such as: a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) k) saline solutions; viscosified fluids; solutions with detergent; foamy fluids; acid fluids; alcoholic fluids; fluids with organic solvents; alkaline solutions; oil formation fluids; fluid of formation without oil; washings of fluid tanks.
20.3 Collection and Flow Collection shall be done for tanks with installations allowing the transfer of effluent to a treatment station by truck or to a dike. 20.4 Preliminary Treatment
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Treatment System By Truck Fluid Tanks for Preparation, Accumulation and Neutralization Suitable Treatment or Disposal in Receiving Body According to the Applicable Legislation
Completion Fluids and Solutions from Well
Drilling Dike
Return Flare
FIGURE 7 - DIAGRAM OF ROUTING AND PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF COMPLETION EFFLUENT SYSTEM

20.4.2 The acid and alkaline fluids shall be neutralized before being disposed of into the dike. 20.4.3 The saline solutions containing chromate (Cr VI) shall undergo a reduction and precipitation process before being sent to the dike. 20.4.4 For combustible fluids (fluids from formation with oil and fluids with organic solvents), it is recommended that they be burned or transported to a treatment station. [Recommended Practice] 20.4.5 The other fluids mentioned in item 20.2.2 shall be sent to the dike. If any fluid considerably modifies the physical-chemical characteristics of discharge of effluent from the dike into the receiving body, it shall be sent to a treatment station. 20.4.6 The dike effluent shall be sent to the receiving body when it complies with the current environmental legislation; otherwise, it shall be transferred to a treatment station.
21 SPECIAL SYSTEMS
21.1 Description Systems to which effluents presenting proper characteristics which do not permit them to be classified into the systems described above or which require special precautions for their collection, flow and preliminary treatment are sent. 21.2 System for Effluents which Can be Contaminated with Tetraethyl Lead (TEL) of Ethylation Units This system includes effluents collected at the following points: a) b) c) d) e) scale-tank area; covered platform for storage and emptying of drums; parking area for unloading trucks and/or containers with TEL; area for parking of TEL trucks and storage of containers with TEL; equipment for transferring and mixing TEL, connected to gasoline or kerosene lines. 33
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Effluents shall be conveyed through piping system and a special passage box to an intercepting well. 21.2.2 Preliminary Treatment Effluents collected at the intercepting well for retaining tetraethyl lead (TEL) shall be taken directly to the oily system. The decanted TEL retained on the bottom of the intercepting well shall be collected and placed in a drum. 21.3 Effluents Contaminated with Alcohol/MTBE These are effluents from leaks and/or spills of these products, particularly in the yards of loading/unloading areas and in the contained areas of their pump stations, either mixed or not with pluvial waters, floor washing waters or fire-fighting waters.
Notes:
1) In order to minimize the possibility of these residues being generated, these areas subject to contamination shall be covered whenever possible. 2) This system does not apply to truck loading areas, where alcohol/MTBE and petroleum products are loaded together, which shall comply with the premises of the oily system.
21.3.1.1 In the case of alcohol loading/unloading areas and pump areas for alcohol/MTBE, liquid effluents collected therein shall be discharged, preferably via drainage channels, into a specific accumulation basin after passing through a partition box.
21.3.1.2 The partition box shall be sized so as to direct the effluents to an accumulation basin up to the limit of its capacity. If the basin is filled up, the excess effluent shall be directed to the receiving body through a weir. 21.3.2 Preliminary Treatment
21.3.2.1 Drainage of Alcohol Tanks Effluents collected at the valve box of the basin or tank shall be transferred to the contaminated system or removed for proper recovery or treatment, depending on the level of contamination of the effluent. 21.3.2.2 Alcohol Loading and Unloading Areas and Alcohol Pump Area The diagram shown in FIGURE 8 shall be used as a basis for the pre-treatment of effluents collected in the alcohol loading/unloading areas and alcohol pump area.
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It shall be sized so as to direct the effluents to the accumulation basin up to the limit of its capacity. If the basin is filled up, the excess effluent shall be sent to the receiving body through the weir.
Receiving Body Effluent contaminated with Alcohol Partition Box Weir Accumulation Basin Recovery or Suitable Treatment or Disposal in the Receiving Body according to the Requirements of the Applicable Environmental Legislation
FIGURE 8 - SPECIAL SYSTEM FOR EFFLUENTS CONTAMINATED WITH ALCOHOL/MTBE

21.3.2.4 Accumulation Basin The accumulation basin shall be sized so as to hold the largest of the following volumes: a) the volume of emergency control water, for 30 minutes of fire fighting, with a flow rate according to the criteria established in standard PETROBRAS N-1886; b) volume of the largest possible accidental leakage in the area; c) in case the area is not covered, the volume of maximum region rainfall, determined in a recurrence period of 20 years, and for rain lasting 30 minutes.
Notes:
1) The accumulation basin shall be provided with installations to allow the alternative transfer of effluent for recovery, suitable treatment or discharge into the receiving body, in case the effluent accumulated therein meets the requirements of the applicable environmental legislation. 2) The Drainage System Operation Manual, to be prepared together with the design, shall include recommendations for the accumulation basin to be kept permanently empty during the normal operation of the system.
21.4 Effluents of Areas for Storage of Solid Materials, Materials in Grains or Materials in Powder Form
21.4.1 Description A system which includes, among other areas, yards for storage of coke from the coking units and pools or yards for storage of sulfur. 21.4.2 Collection and Flow The areas (yards) for storage of solid materials in grain or powder form, such as sulfur, coal, coke, shall be contained. Effluents from these contained areas shall flow through drainage channels for preliminary treatment. At the outlets of the yards there shall be small pools for washing the wheels of vehicles used for transporting the products. 35
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21.4.3 Preliminary Treatment
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The diagram shown in FIGURE 9 shall be used as a basis for the preliminary treatment of these effluents.
Contaminated System or Disposal in Receiving Body according to the Requirements of the Applicable Environmental Legislation
Effluent
Partition Box or Only Weir Weir Accumulation Basin Overflow Unit
Decanting Solids Re-use
Contaminated System
FIGURE 9 - DIAGRAM OF ROUTING AND PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF EFFLUENTS FROM THE AREAS FOR STORAGE OF SOLID MATERIALS IN GRAINS OR POWDER FORM
21.4.4 Partition Box or Weir Only When a partition box is designed, it shall be sized as a sand box. Under dry weather conditions the effluents shall be sent for decanting. Under rainy conditions when the effluent flow to the inlet box is greater than the maximum transfer capacity of this system, for decanting, the excess effluent shall be diverted through the weir to an accumulation basin. 21.4.5 Accumulation Basin It shall be kept empty under normal operating conditions of the area. The capacity of the basin shall be sized so as to hold the excess volume described in item 21.3.2.4. The accumulation basin of this system shall be provided with an overflow unit to the contaminated system. After the rain has ceased, the effluent accumulated in this basin shall be transferred to the decanter with its flow rate not exceeding the maximum design rate for that decanter. 21.4.6 Decanting Installation The decanting design shall take into consideration the type of particle to be separated from the liquid stream. 21.5 Laboratory Effluents
21.5.1 Description These are the effluents generated in activities carried out within laboratories.
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21.5.2.1 Laboratory effluents, according to the type of products and level of contamination they present, may be segregated in: a) non-toxic; b) toxic. 21.5.2.2 Non-toxic Laboratory Effluents Non-toxic laboratory effluents cover non-toxic discharges from sinks for washing equipment and glassware used in analyses involving hydrocarbons and products such as acids, alkalis and salts. These effluents shall be included in the contaminated or oily system and shall be collected and drained in accordance with item 7.3 or 8.3. 21.5.2.3 Toxic Laboratory Effluents Toxic laboratory effluents include waters subject to contamination by toxic agents such as chromates, cyanides or heavy metals (chromium, cadmium, arsenic, silver, lead, mercury, etc.). Toxic laboratory effluents shall be collected and stored for treatment and/or final destination. 21.5.3 Preliminary Treatment of Toxic Laboratory Effluents Boxes used for storage of toxic laboratory effluents shall be provided with installations for proportioning and agitation chemicals, capable of promoting the precipitation or removal of contaminating toxic agents. After the floating solution is free of toxic agents, it shall be sent to the contaminated system. Any sludge that might exist on the bottom of the storage boxes, after precipitation or removal of contaminating toxic agents, shall be stored in a safe recipient until it is discharged into its final destination, in accordance with the applicable environmental legislation.
22 BASIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

22.1 Routing Studies 22.1.1 Routing studies for the design of the various drainage systems shall be based on the general layout of the area to be drained and on the earth moving design. 22.1.2 The following information shall be indicated: a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) elevation at the bottom, beginning and end of each section; ground and floor elevations; slopes of each section; flow direction; dimensioning of pipes, drainage channels, channels, etc.; types of boxes and their bottom and top elevations; identification of sections according to the calculation sheet; materials; identification of drainage systems; coordinates of boxes and ducts. 37
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22.1.3 Details of complementary drainage works as well as interference with the underground networks, foundations and other installations shall be presented. 22.2 Dimensioning
22.2.1 Calculations of discharges for the various drainage systems shall be presented through the respective calculation sheet, using the following data. a) b) c) d) catalogued in entities of proven capacity; furnished by PETROBRAS; obtained through local research - giving source; equipment manufacturers.
22.2.2 The hydraulic dimensioning of the various drainage systems, in rectangular drainage channels or piping systems, shall be presented on the drawing of each area, according to the table shown in FIGURE 10. In the case of trapezoidal channels or others, the dimensioning procedure shall be the same, substituting it for the section corresponding to the design, and adding to the table the data referring to the section.
HYDRAULIC DIMENSIONING
b b (%)
a SECTION APPROXIMATE FLOW RATE (I/s) LENGHT (m) SLOPE (m/m)
a= SPEED (m/s) WET SECTION a (m) b
NUMBER OF POINT DOWNSTREAM NUMBER OF POINT UPSTREAM
FIGURE 10 - HYDRAULYC DIMENSIONING TABLE

22.2.3 The dimensioning of the various drainage systems shall be calculated according to well-known formulas commonly adopted in the industry.
22.2.4 Systems whose collection and flow are accomplished through piping system shall adopt a percentage of use of 67 % at the most of the cross-sectional area of the pipe. In case drainage channels are used, a minimum dry border of 5 cm shall be maintained. Only in exceptional cases and at the option of PETROBRAS may a higher percentage of use be accepted.
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22.2.5 The flows rates of effluents to be considered for dimensioning piping systems, drainage channels and equipment of the contaminated and oily system shall be from the uncontained areas plus the dry weather flows rates.
22.2.6 The maximum regularized flow for treatment may not exceed by 50 % the normal flow rate under dry weather conditions as per CONAMA 020/86. 22.3 Slope and Speed
22.3.1 Speed Limits a) minimum: channels, drainage channels and closed ducts = 0.60 m/s; b) maximum: - channels and drainage channels = 4.00 m/s; - closed ducts = 2.00 m/s. 22.3.2 Slope Limits a) minimum: 0.0006 m/m; b) maximum: it shall be limited by the maximum velocity.
Note:
The limits indicated in items 22.3.1 and 22.3.2 for velocity and slope may only be exceeded with prior approval by PETROBRAS.
22.4 Drainage Elements and Devices Characteristics
22.4.1 General
22.4.1.1 Passage boxes shall be installed on piping systems in the following situations: a) b) c) d) e) f) g) headers of collectors; changes in direction; changes in slope; changes in section; confluence of collectors; straight alignments within processing units at intervals less than 60 m; straight alignments outside the processing units at intervals less than 100 m, for lines having a nominal diameter less than 60.0 cm and 150 m for lines over 60.0 cm in diameter.
22.4.1.2 Within the battery limits of the process unit all covers of the boxes of all systems shall be hermetically sealed. The oily system and every system which may accumulate/release gases at their low points shall have hermetically sealed box covers even outside the battery limits.
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22.4.1.3 For the areas for drainage of the clean pluvial water system and effluents contaminated with alcohol/MTBE, standard floor gratings may be used (see FIGURE A-29 of ANNEX A). Floor gratings should not be installed in control rooms, electrical substations or in electrical system control areas. [Recommended Practice]
22.4.1.4 Passage boxes shall be ventilated through a vent pipe with a minimum diameter of 10.0 cm (4) to the atmosphere, with a minimum height of 6 m.
22.4.1.5 The discharge end of the vent pipes of passage boxes (see FIGURES A-37, A-38, A-39, A-40 and A-41 of ANNEX A) shall be located at least 15 m from the flare points or surfaces whose temperature may cause ignition of vapors.
22.4.1.6 Floor gratings with water seal (see FIGURE A-32 of ANNEX A) shall be arranged in such a manner as to discharge their effluents into passage boxes. They shall be located at all times at the lowest point of the surface to be drained and their elevation shall be the same as that of the floor.
22.4.1.7 Contaminated collector tanks shall be arranged in such a manner as to discharge their effluents into passage boxes or collector tanks. They shall be located at all times at the lowest point of the floor and their elevation shall be the same as that of the floor (see FIGURES A-27 and A-36 of ANNEX A).
22.4.1.8 Surface drainage (clean or contaminated pluvial water) should preferably be in an open drainage channel, except at roadway crossings or where use of piping system and/or gallery is necessary.
22.4.1.9 In areas free from the effects of traffic of vehicles or soil movements, concrete half pipe or a drainage channel in concrete covered with mortar may be used. [Recommended Practice]
22.4.1.10 In administrative and industrial areas with a heavy traffic of vehicles and transit of people, drainage channels should be covered (see FIGURES A-5 and A-7 of ANNEX A). [Recommended Practice]
22.4.1.11 The boxes should be identified in the field according to the nomenclature adopted in the design. [Recommended Practice] 22.4.2 Clean Pluvial System
22.4.2.1 For drainage of roadways, use shall be made of drains or interrupted curb (see FIGURES A-1 to A-8 of ANNEX A).
22.4.2.2 At the option of PETROBRAS, the buried drainage network consisting of drains, passage boxes and piping system may be used, provided the depth of the piping system is technically and economically acceptable. [Recommended Practice] 40
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22.4.2.3 The waters accumulation causing erosions and land slides shall be avoided and a slope protection system shall be adopted against erosion effects caused by pluvial waters. 22.4.2.4 Passage boxes for the clean pluvial water system shall be in accordance with FIGURE A-35 of ANNEX A. 22.4.3 Oily System 22.4.3.1 For the oily system, passage boxes with water seals and vents shall be used. Within the battery limit of the process units, the exceptions to this requirements may only be accepted with express authorization from PETROBRAS (see FIGURE A-27 of ANNEX A). 22.4.3.2 In long lines located outside the process area, up to three consecutive passage boxes without water seals and vents may be intercalated between two passages boxes with a water seal (see FIGURE A-27 of ANNEX A). [Recommended Practice] 22.4.3.3 The main trunk of the oily system of the process units shall extend beyond the battery limit of the unit, as a separate system, up to a passage box with a water seal. This box shall be interconnected to the collector of the oily system through a passage box with a water seal (see FIGURE A-27 of ANNEX A). 22.4.3.4 The distance between the floor gratings and drains to the receiving passage box shall not be greater than 12 m. 22.4.3.5 Pump bases shall be surrounded by drainage channels sized at least 0.10 m wide x 0.10 m deep, flowing to a main drainage channel. The main drainage channel shall flow to a passage box or floor grating with a water seal located within the respective contained area (see FIGURE A-28 of ANNEX A). 22.4.3.6 When the vessels or other process equipment need drains with visible discharge, the latter shall have a 10 cm element projecting 7.5 cm above the floor, connected to a branch line, discharging into a passage box. When the drainage volume exceeds 5 /s, pipes 15.0 cm (6) in diameter or larger shall be used (see FIGURE A-30 of ANNEX A). Whenever there is a possibility of toxic gases being released, the flow shall be discharged into a drain with the end flanged at the coupling (see FIGURE A-31 of ANNEX A). 22.4.3.7 The drains of groups of vessels and similar process equipment located nearby may be interconnected to a branch line with changes in directions not exceeding 45. This branch line shall have at its end accesses for cleaning easily opened from the floor (see FIGURES A-33 and A-34 of ANNEX A). [Recommended Practice] 22.5 Materials 22.5.1 In the design conception, the influence of temperature, pH and composition of effluents, as well as the aggressiveness of the soil to the materials used shall be evaluated, with due observance of aspects of durability and safety of the installations.
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22.5.2 For constructive concrete structures and elements in contact with acid and alkaline acids, protection against chemical attack shall be specified in accordance with Technical Bulletin 55 of the Brazilian Association of Portland Cement.
22.5.3 For the entire oily drainage system and for the contaminated system within the battery limit, use shall be made of ductile or nodular cast iron piping system, class K7 or above, in accordance with standard ABNT NBR 7663, with a nitrile rubber gasket.
22.5.4 For buried piping systems, additional external anti-corrosive protection shall be specified in those cases in which the soil is particularly aggressive.
22.5.5 For buried piping systems, provision shall be made for mechanical protection or a minimum covering of 0.45 m; at crossings of roadways, streets, etc., the minimum covering shall be 0.60 m.
Note:
The loads acting upon the soil shall be considered.
22.5.6 The materials used for pipes and accessories shall comply with the specifications of standards ABNT NBR 5645, NBR 5688, NBR 7362, NBR 7661, NBR 7663, NBR 7665, NBR 8682, NBR 8890, NBR 9793, NBR 9794, NBR 10158, NBR 10160, NBR 10843, NBR 10845 and NBR 11852. 22.6 Operation Manual
22.6.1 Together with the design of the drainage, segregation, flow and preliminary treatment system, the document entitled Operation Manual shall be presented, including, but not limited, to the following items: a) summary; b) description of drainage system; c) instrumentation and automation systems adopted, as well as the main protection and interlocking arrangements of the system; d) list of drawings comprising the design; e) list of the main items of equipment and precautions for their respective maintenance; f) instructions for carrying out drainage operations under normal conditions; g) instructions for carrying out drainage operations under exceptional conditions; h) training recommended for operation personnel; i) other recommendations and information deemed necessary for perfect understanding by the operation personnel of the philosophy adopted in the design.
Note:
For interventions of small complexity, the Operation Manual may be dispensed with at the option of PETROBRAS.
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22.6.2 Among the main recommendations contained in the Operation Manual, the following ones shall be included, where applicable:
22.6.2.1 All valves of valve boxes of dived areas shall be kept strictly closed when not in operation. A program shall be established for their tightness to be constantly checked.
22.6.2.2 When the drainage system of basins allows the flow to be sent to the clean and contaminated pluvial water system, drainage to the clean pluvial water system shall only be effected after it has been observed that there are no hydrocarbons and after operational procedures ensuring constant supervision during the basin drainage operation have been followed. In case there is evidence of contamination of water inside the basin with hydrocarbons or if it is not possible to supervise the operation during the entire drainage period, the drainage flow shall be sent to the contaminated system.
22.6.2.3 The BAO/OAT shall be kept empty during the normal operation of the system and it shall be given priority for emptying in relation to the BAC/CAT. After the rain or emergency situation has ceased, the effluent accumulated in this BAO/OAT shall be transferred to the primary treatment.
22.6.2.4 The BAC/CAT shall be kept empty during the normal operation of the system and shall be given priority for emptying in relation to the dived areas, in case these basins are not directed to the clean pluvial water system. After the rain or emergency situation has ceased and the BAO/OAT has been emptied, the effluent accumulated in this BAC/CAT shall be transferred to the primary treatment.
22.6.2.5 The accumulation basin of the system of effluents contaminated with alcohol/MTBE shall be kept empty during the normal operation of the system and shall be immediately drained after the rain or emergency situation has ceased for proper treatment, recovery or discharge into the receiving body, in case the effluent accumulated therein complies with the requirements of the applicable environmental legislation.
22.6.2.6 The accumulation basin of the effluent system of the areas for storage of solid materials in grains or powder form shall be kept empty under normal operating conditions of the area and shall be immediately drained after the rain or emergency situation has ceased, at a flow rate not exceeding the maximum design rate of the decanter. In terms of emptying priority this basin shall be considered as a BAC/CAT.
22.6.2.7 The maximum emptying flow rate of pluvial waters accumulated in the basins and tanks mentioned in 22.6.2.3 to 22.6.2.6, added to the flow rate under dry weather conditions, shall not exceed the maximum regularized flow rate (see item 22.2.6).
22.6.2.8 The containment basin of areas of spheres and cylinders of LPG and other pressurized gases shall be kept empty during the normal operation of the system and shall be immediately drained, after the rain or emergency situation has ceased, to the receiving body.
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23 CHARACTERIZATION AND TREATABILITY OF EFFLUENTS

23.1 Characterization of Effluents A proper characterization of effluents to be conveyed and/or pre-treated is necessary for a correct design of the system used for treating those effluents. Whenever there is insufficient data for characterization of the effluent from the designed unit itself, the elements shall be obtained through studies in similar units, composition of synthetic effluents or bibliographical research. To that effect, the minimum, average and maximum flow rates shall be measured or estimated and all pollution parameters of effluents shall be analyzed in a laboratory. This characterization stage shall be the most comprehensive possible in time periods representing the operational conditions of the installations. The flow shall be measured using weirs, gutters or other measuring devices suitable for the estimated or previously known flow. Sampling should preferably be of the compound type, and may be of the single type in the case of certain parameters such as, for instance, the content of oils and greases. 23.2 Treatability of Effluents Effluent treatability studies may be of the laboratory and/or field, physical/chemical and/or biological type. As a general rule, they shall be obligatorily carried out when the effluents present parameters for which removal rates are difficult to predict. Such studies are very important when the treatment process in question is used to ensure compliance of the effluents with current environmental legislation.
24 TREATMENT AND FINAL DISPOSAL

For treatment of liquid effluents, the most suitable technology from the technical and economic standpoint for all parameters of the treated effluent to be within the limits required by the relevant environmental legislation shall be adopted. In view of the complexity, variety and individuality of the liquid effluent treatment processes applicable to the various industrial units, the detailing of this item is not part of the scope of this Standard.
Note:
In case submarine outfalls are adopted for discharging effluents, they shall be an integral part of the treatment, with the limits required by the environmental agency after dispersion of the effluents being applied.
______________
/ANNEX A
44

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N-38

6.3.1 The dived area shall be drained as described in item 7.3.1.

Disposal in Receiving Body 2 Contaminated Effluent Grating Desanding Unit

Weir Primary Treatment

Partition Box 1 Weir

Overflow Unit of Accumulation Basin or Tank of Oily System

Accumulation Basin or Tank of Contaminated System

Partition Box Weir

Accumulation Basin/Tank of Contaminated System

Accumulation Basin/Tank of Oily System

9 SOUR WATER SYSTEM

Reuse or Oily System

10 CAUSTIC OR ACID SYSTEM

11 SULFIDE SPENT SODA SYSTEM

Sulfide Spent Soda

Storage and Preliminary Separation of Oil

Spent Soda Treatment Unit Effluent Recovered Oil

Reuse or Oily System

11.4.3 Treatment and Neutralization

12 PHENOLIC SPENT SODA SYSTEM

Oil with fraction Re-use of Cresols

12.4.3 Treatment and Neutralization

14 HIGH SOLID CONTENT STREAM

Weir (Emergency Overflow) Receiving Body

16 SHIP BALLAST OILY WATER SYSTEM

17 DRILLING DISCHARGE WITH WATER BASE FLUID

18 DRILLING DISCHARGE WITH OIL BASE FLUID

19 DRILLING CONTAMINATED EFFLUENT

Completion Fluids and Solutions from Well

FIGURE 7 - DIAGRAM OF ROUTING AND PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF COMPLETION EFFLUENT SYSTEM

21.3.1 Collection and Flow

FIGURE 8 - SPECIAL SYSTEM FOR EFFLUENTS CONTAMINATED WITH ALCOHOL/MTBE

Partition Box or Only Weir Weir Accumulation Basin Overflow Unit

Decanting Solids Re-use

22 BASIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

a SECTION APPROXIMATE FLOW RATE (I/s) LENGHT (m) SLOPE (m/m)

a= SPEED (m/s) WET SECTION a (m) b

NUMBER OF POINT DOWNSTREAM NUMBER OF POINT UPSTREAM

FIGURE 10 - HYDRAULYC DIMENSIONING TABLE

22.4 Drainage Elements and Devices Characteristics

The loads acting upon the soil shall be considered.

23 CHARACTERIZATION AND TREATABILITY OF EFFLUENTS

24 TREATMENT AND FINAL DISPOSAL

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