THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO Department of Civil Engineering CME270 FLUID MECHANICS ASSIGNMENT #3 Assigned on Wednesday, October 31th, 2012

2 Due by 6:00 pm on Wednesday, November 7th, 2012 Note: 1. Solutions must be submitted to drop box 23 in the 4th floor computer lab in the Galbraith building by 6pm: LATE SUBMISSIONS WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED. 2. Please include your group number and the names of all members in the group clearly on all pages of your answers. 3. Show your work. Part marks will be awarded to incorrect answers if the correct method is used and understanding of the problem is clearly demonstrated. 4. Make sure that your answers use the units specified in the question (e.g. kPa vs. Pa). 5. Please underline your answer, or put it in a box, to make it easy to locate on the page. 6. The full solutions will be posted on Blackboard the day after the assignment is due. 7. Contact Ola (ola.sokolowski@mail.utoronto.ca) for any assignment #3 related questions and/or appeals.

Question 3.1 During a summer evening barbeque, you set up a cylindrical water cooler with diameter 0.2 m and height 0.4 m. You are filling it using a garden hose at a flow rate of 1 L/s, and just when it is exactly half-full (water height = 0.2 m), an impatient guest begins to fill their cup from the nozzle (diameter 0.01m) at the bottom of the water cooler. At this exact moment, calculate the speed (m/s) at which the water surface in the cooler is moving, making sure to indicate upward or downward.

Question 3.2 A stagnation tube in an air duct is connected to a pressure gauge that reads 83 kPa (gauge), and an adjacent static pressure gauge reads 76 kPa (gauge). What is the velocity in the duct (m/s)? Assume that the flow is incompressible, with a density of 1.2 kg/m3.
P= 76 kPa P= 83 kPa

Question 3.3 After making a big batch of wine in a 54 litre glass carboy (with the wine filled up to 1 m in the carboy as shown), it is time to pour it into individual liter bottles to store for the winter. You decide to siphon the wine into the bottles, and have set up the wine-filled carboy on top of a table, the bottles on the floor to be filled, and you plan to hold the siphon tube at location (2). You are concerned about cavitation occurring in the siphon tube. What is the absolute value of Z3 (in m, with the datum at the table top) when cavitation will occur? Given: Specific gravity of wine: SGwine = 0.95 Vapour pressure of wine: Pv = 2.338 x 103 Pa (2) (1)

1m

1.5m

Z3

(3)

Question 3.4 An evaporative cooling tower is used to cool water from 40oC to 30oC. Water enters the tower at a rate of 12,500 kg/hr. Dry air (no water vapor) flows into the tower at a rate of 75,000 kg/hr. If the rate of wet air flow out of the tower is 79,000 kg/hr, determine the rate of water evaporation in kg/hr and the rate of cooled water flow in kg/hr.
Wet air 79,000 kg/hr

Warm water 12,500 kg/hr

Dry air 75,000 kg/hr

Cooled water

Question 3.5 Water flows in a circular duct. At section (1) the diameter is 0.3m, the static pressure is 260kPa (gauge), the velocity is 3 m/s, and the elevation is 10 m above ground level. At section (2) downstream at ground level, the duct diameter is 0.15 m. Find the gauge pressure (kPa) at the downstream section if frictional effects may be neglected. V1 (1)

CV

+Z (2) V2