Code: 9A01304 B.

Tech II Year I Semester (R09) Regular and Supplementary Examinations, November 2012 FLUID MECHANICS (Civil Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 (a) (b) 2 (a) (b) 3 (a) (b)

Explain how a U tube manometer is used to measure both positive and negative pressures. Explain how an inverted U tube manometer is used to measure pressures. Find the total pressure force and the depth of centre of pressure on an inclined plane surface submerged in a liquid. Explain about total pressure and centre of pressure. Distinguish between rotational and irrotational ow. A pipe line, 600 mm diameter carrying oil of speci gravity 0.85 at the ow rate of 1800 lit/s c has a 900 bend in the horizontal plane. The pressure at the entrance to the bend is 1.471 bars and loss of head in the bend is 2 m of oil. Find the magnitude and direction of the force exerted by the oil on the bend and show the direction of the force on a sketch of the bend. Derive an expression for the force exerted by a owing uid on a pipe-bend. A pipe of diameter 500 mm carries water at a velocity of 25 m/s. The pressures at the points A and B are given as 30.43 N/cm2 and 20.5 N/cm2 respectively while the datum head at A and B are 28 m and 32 m. Find the loss of head between A and B. Find the displacement thickness, momentum thickness and energy thickness for the velocity distribution in the boundary layer given by u/U = 2(y/) (y/)2 . A horizontal pipe 50 mm diameter carrying glycerin has shear stress at the pipe boundary as 196.2 N/m2.Find the pressure gradient mean velocity and Reynolds number. Take glycerin density as 1275.3 kg/m3 and = 80.442 X 10-2 N.s/m2. What is Moodys chart? Determine the difference in the elevations between the water surfaces in the two tanks which are connected by horizontal pipe of diameter 300 mm and length 400 m. The rate of flow of water through the pipe is 300 litres/s .Consider all losses and take the value of f = 0.008. Water flows over a rectangular weir 1 m wide at a depth of 150 mm and afterwards passes through a triangular right-angled weir. Taking Cd for the rectangular and triangular weir as 0.62 and 0.59 respectively. Find the depth over the triangular weir.

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Code: 9A01304 B.Tech II Year I Semester (R09) Regular and Supplementary Examinations, November 2012 FLUID MECHANICS (Civil Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 (a) (b)

Explain about pressure and its units. A U tube manometer is used to measure the pressure of oil of specific gravity 0.85 flowing in a pipe line. Its left end is connected to the pipe and the right limb is open to the atmosphere. The centre of the pipe is 100 mm below the mercury in the right limb. If the difference of mercury level in the two limbs is 160 mm. Determine the absolute pressure of the oil in the pipe. Derive the expression for total pressure for curved surface. Explain about centre of pressure. Distinguish between rotational and irrotational ow. The velocity potential function is given by = 5 (x2 - y2 ). Calculate the velocity components at the point ( 4, 5). Explain the different forms of energy in a uid. Water is flowing through a pipe having diameters 800 mm and 500 mm at the bottom end and upper end respectively. The intensity of pressure at bottom end is 450 kN/ m2 and at the upper end is 200 kN/m2. Determine the difference in datum head if the rate of flow through the pipe is 70 lit / sec. A plate of 600 mm length and 400 mm wide is immersed in a fluid of G = 0.9 and kinematic viscosity = 10-4 m2/s. The fluid is moving with a velocity of 6 m/s. Determine boundary layer thickness shear stress at the end of the plate and drag force on one side of plate. Determine the pressure gradient, the shear stress at the two horizontal parallel plates and discharge per metre width for the laminar flow of oil with a maximum velocity of 2 m/s between two horizontal parallel fixed plates which are 100 mm apart. Take = 2.4525 Ns/m2. Three pipes of 400 mm, 200 mm and 300 mm diameters have lengths of 400 m, 200 m and 300 m respectively. They are connected in series to make a compound pipe. The ends of this compound pipe are connected with two tanks whose difference of water levels is 16 m. If the co-efficient of friction for these pipes is same and equal to 0.005, determine the discharge through the compound pipe neglecting first the minor losses and then including them. A suppressed rectangular weir is constructed across a channel of 0.77 m width with a head of 0.39 m and the crest 0.6 m above the bed of the channel. Estimate the discharge over it. Consider velocity of approach and assume Cd = 0.623. *****

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Code: 9A01304 B.Tech II Year I Semester (R09) Regular and Supplementary Examinations, November 2012 FLUID MECHANICS (Civil Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 (a) (b) 2 (a)

Explain about units of measurement. If 5 m3 of a certain oil weighs 50 kN, calculate specific weight, density and specific gravity of oil. A Circular plate 1.5 m diameter is submerged in water with its greatest and least depths below the surface being 2 m and 0.75 m respectively. Determine the total pressure and centre of pressure. Explain about centre of pressure. A 30 cm diameter pipe conveying water, branches into two pipes of diameters 20 cm and 15 cm respectively. If the average velocity in the 30 cm diameter pipe is 2.5 m/s, find the discharge in this pipe. Also determine the velocity in 15 cm pipe if the average velocity in 20 cm diameter pipe is 2 m/s. Explain about uniform flow. The water is flowing through a tapering pipe having diameters 300 mm and 150 m at sections 1 and 2 respectively. The discharge through the pipe is 40 litres/ sec. The section 1 is 10 m above datum line and section 2 is 6 m above datum. Find the intensity of pressure at section 2 if the 2 pressure at section 1 is 400 KN/m . What are the boundary conditions that must be satisfied by a given velocity profile in laminar boundary layer flow? A viscous flow is taking place in a pipe of diameter 100 mm. The maximum velocity is 2 m/s. Find the mean velocity and the radius at which this occurs. Also calculate the velocity at 30 mm from the wall of the pipe. A pipe line of 0.6 m diameter is 1.5 km long. To increase the discharge, another line of the same diameter is introduced parallel to the first in the second half of the length. Neglecting minor losses ,find the increase in discharge if 4f = 0.04.The head at inlet is 300 mm. What is a Broad-Crested weir? A Broad-crested weir of 50 m length has 50 cm height of water above its crest. Find the maximum discharge. Take Cd = 0.60.Neglect velocity approach. If the velocity approach is to be taken into consideration, find the maximum discharge when the channel has a cross-sectional area of 50 m2 on the upstream side. *****

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Code: 9A01304 B.Tech II Year I Semester (R09) Regular and Supplementary Examinations, November 2012 FLUID MECHANICS (Civil Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 (a) (b)

Explain absolute and gauge pressures in detail. Calculate the specic weight, specic mass, specic volume and specic gravity of a liquid having a volume of 6 m3 and weight of 44 kN. Determine the total pressure on a circular plate of diameter 5 m which is placed vertically in such a way that the center of plate is 6 m below the free surface of water. Also find the position of center of pressure. Explain about centre of pressure. Distinguish between Laminar and turbulent ow. Distinguish between steady and Un steady flow. Derive Bernoullis equation from Eulers equation of motion. What are the limitations of Bernoullis equation? A thin plate is moving in still atmospheric air at a velocity of 4 m/s. The length of the Plate is 0.5 m and width 0.4 m. Calculate the (i) thickness of the boundary layer at the end of the plate and (ii) drag force on one side of plate. Take density for air as1.25 kg/m3 and Kinematic viscosity 0.15 stokes. Derive Darcy Weisbach equation. A pipe of diameter 0.4 m and of length 2000 m is connected to a reservoir at one end. The other end of the pipe is connected to a junction from which two pipes of lengths 1000 m and diameter 300 mm run in parallel. These parallel pipes are connected to another reservoir, which is having level of water 10 m below the water level of the above reservoir. Determine the total discharge if f = 0.015.Neglect minor losses. A discharge of 1500 m3/s is to pass over a rectangular weir. The weir is divided into a number of openings each of span 7.5 m. If the velocity of approach is 3 m/s find the number of openings needed in order the head of water over the crest is not exceed 1.8 m.

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