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why security and dependability are conflicting term in adaptive relay?pl provide me briefly answer
2 days ago

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Shahram commente High impe conductor Comment Follow Flag More

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Earl McGinley one statement government regulations.

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Shahram the group detection you right a required: grounding etc. ? b) S

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Kedar Patil thank you McGinley i somewhat understand what you want to say..
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Ads by LinkedIn Me Greg Spurgeon, PE Let me disagree with Mr McGinley. It is true that the government is concerned with reliability due to recent outages in the USA. Before government intervention reliability was and still is a concern for protection engineers.

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Reliability means that a protective system works as designed and has 2 aspects: security and dependability. Security means a relay will not operate incorrectly. Dependability means a relay will operate correctly. They are not conflicting term, but approach reliability or perfection differently. A dependable system might operate for out of zone faults while a secure system might not trip for in zone faults. It depends what the relay planner wants. Example of a secure system. A permissive carrier system say POTT, need to get permission from the remote terminal to operate. Assume something is wrong with with the carrier. Well, it will time out before operating. POTT or permissive carrier schemes must have a reliable communications say Fiber optics. Example of a dependable system.

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A blocking carrier system say DCB, need to get permission from the remote terminal to block operation. Assume something is wrong with with the carrier. Well, it will operate if no blocking signal is relieved, and maybe for out of zone faults. Blocking carrier system like DCB, schemes are used when the communications system is not as reliable - say Power Contacts Groups Jobs Inbox Companies News More Line Carrier. If perfectly reliable system is 100% then a dependable system is 102%, that is err on the side of tripping. A secure system is 98%, that is err on the side of not mis-operating (Assuming 2% error.)
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