SYNONYMS Gonorrhea Tulo Gleet Flores Blancas

C.A. Neisseria Gonorrhea

INCUBATION Symptoms may appear within 2 to 10 days after exposure to an infected person-even longer for women (up to 3 weeks).

M.O.T. Direct contact Sexual contact Fomites ROM Vaginal secretions

S/S Swelling Redness Pain Low grade fever Pelvic pain

P.O.C. May extend for months in untreated individuals

Dx TEST Gran staining Culture & Sensitivity

MED. MNGT. Penicillin

NSG. MNGT. Sex education Continue to monitor vagina for secretions and inflammation

COMPLICATIONS Opthalmia neonatorum (for neonates) Abortion Meningitis Arthritis Chlamydia

Herpes Genitals Lis HSV-2 Genital blisters Genital sores

Herpes simplex virus 2

Signs of genital herpes tend to develop within three to seven days of skin-to-skin contact with an infected person.

Sexual contact Direct contact with oral secretions

Painful blisters filled with clear/straw colored fluid Swelling Redness Painful urination Dysuria Halitosis

Patients with primary genital lesions are infective for seven to ten days. Those with recurrent disease are infectious for four to seven days with each episode.

Gram staining Culture & Sensitivity Tzanck test

Antiviral drugs

Avoid excessive heat or sunlight, which makes the irritation more uncomfortable Do not use perfumed or antibacterial soaps on the client Advice the client to wear comfortable, loose fitting cotton clothing Sex education Recommend that clients use a thin and loose clothing Increase water intake Control of pain

Rectal inflammation (proctitis). Meningitis. Bladder problems Newborn infection

Syphilis Bad blood The pox

Treponema pallidum

Initial lesion develops 3-4 weeks after infection

Sexual contact

Purulent discharges Painless chancre or ulcerations

A case is considered sexually infectious until the end of the early latent period which is approximately two years after infection.

Venereal Disease Research Lab (VNDRL) Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR)

Penicillin G Antibiotic therapy

Congenital syphilis Newborn problems May affect other parts of the body, including the spinal cord, if not treated with antibiotics

Candidiasis Candidosis

Candida Albicans

May harbor the disease for months without symptoms

Sexual contact Feeding (tube)

Thick, cream cheese-like discharges of the vagina Oral thrush

As long as secretions are still present

Gram staining Culture & Sensitivity Gynecologic exam

Anti-fungal drugs (Nystatin)

Apply medicated creams/lotions to the affected areas, if symptoms worsens, stop intervention.

Organ failure Acute changes in mental health/behavior

Chlamydia STD

Chlamydia trachomatis

Males - 7-30 days; Females - 7-60 days Both males and females may harbor chlamydia without symptoms for months.

Vaginal, oral, or anal sexual contact. Sites of infection include genitals, anus, or throat.

Purulent discharges Painful coitus (dyspareuria) In male: Painful scrotum Tenesmus Itching

Communicable until treated. May extend for long periods if asymptomatic.

Culture & Sensitivity Urinalysis

Azithromycin Doxycycline

Administer prescribed medications twice a day Monitor genitals for pain and secretions

Liver disease (Perihepatitis) Reiter syndrome Swelling of testicles

Hepatitis A Hepa Catarrhal jaundice Injection hepatitis

Hepatitis A virus

15-60 days

Ingestion of contaminated food/water Fecal ingestion

Fever Diarrhea Abdominal pain Fatigue Anorexia Nausea Dark-colored urine Jaundice Pruritus

A week before and a week after appearance of symptoms

HAV antibody Bile exam Liver function test (LFT)

Symptomatic tx

Symptomatic care Regulation of diet of the patient Vitamin B administration

Encephalopathy GIT bleeding Edema Ascites Coma Aplastic anemia

Typhoid fever Enteric fever

Salmonella typhosa/typhi

5-40 days

Ingestion of contaminated shellfish, stool, or vomitus

Headache Chills Nausea & Vomiting Diarrhea Fever Delirious Rose spots

Variable

Widal test Typhidot ELISA Rectal swab

Ampicillin Cotrimoxarole Ciprofloxacin

Symptomatic care Enteric isolation Increase oral intake Diet and vitamins

Dysentery Bacillary dysentery Shigellosis Bloody flux

Shigella dysenteriae

7 hours to 1 week

Ingestion of contaminated food/water Fecal ingestion

Diarrhea Tenesmus N&V Headache Abdominal pain Weight loss Diarrhea with tenesmus Anorexia Weight loss Weakness Abdominal distention

Variable

Stool exam Blood culture

Antibiotics Ampicillin Terracycline Cotrimoxazole

Increase fluid intake Monitor I & O Isolation

Hemorrhage Perforation Peritonitis Bronchitis Thrombosis Embolism Heart failure Septicemia Reitiers syndrome Joint pain Eye irritation Dysuria Arthritis Dehydration Rectal prolapse Pneumonia Cough Arthritis

Amoebiasis Amoebic dysentery

Entamoeba histolytica

3-4 weeks

Ingestion of contaminated food/water Fecal ingestion Oral intercourse

Variable

Stool exam Blood culture

Flagyl Tetracycline Ampicillin Chloramphenicol

Increase fluid intake Enteric precautions Isolation

Hepatic: Jaundice RUQ pain and tenderness Lungs: Anchovy sauce Sputum

Cholera El tor

Vibrio cholera Vibrio comoma

Few hours to 5 days

Ingestion of contaminated food/water Fecal ingestion Flies

Diarrhea w/ fishy odor Hoarse voice Oliguria Washer womans hands Ricey watery stools

Variable

Stool exam Rectal swab

IV fluids Oresol Antibiotics (Tetracycline)

Enteric precautions Monitor I & O Increase fluid intake

Dehydration Hypoglycemia Hypokalemia Renal failure