REPBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ZULIA. FACULTAD DE INGENIERA.

ESCUELA DE PETRLEO CTEDRA: INGLES II PROF: JUDITH BATISTA

Asignacin N1:
Macrofunction

Elaborado por: George Gonzlez C.I: 20.371.641 Ma. Alejandra Viloria C.I. 20.659.797 Seccin: 005

Maracaibo, 30 octubre de 2012

Prrafo # 1 Moyno Progressing-cavity pumps are capable of handling thick, abrasive and corrosive heavy affectivity, even with viscosities higher than 1000 000 cps. There are models capable of generating flow rates up to 2500 gal/min and pressures up to 2100 PSI. These pumps are low maintenance and have a long service life. The progressing-cavity design results in lowshear discharge with no-pulsation flow JPT edi Oct-2012, pag 24 Macrofunction: Physical Description 1. What is being described? Se describen las capacidades de la Bomba Moyno procesadora de cavidades. 2. Physical characteristics found in the text: Viscosity Flow rates Pressure Mayores a 1 000 000 cps 2500 gal7min 2100 PSI

3. Distinguishing Characteristics Se describe un objeto Caractersticas de viscosidad Caractersticas de caudal Caractersticas de presin

Prrafo # 2 The new tools use down whole sensors and high-speed telemetry to provide instantaneous monitoring of tool operation, responsive real-time control of all tool functions, and positive combination of intervention actions. The family of tools includes a high-force anchor and linear-actuator tool (fig. 1) for pushing and pulling operations and an optimal highexpansion universal shifting tool (UST) for shifting completion components selectively.

JPT edi Oct-2012, pag 22 Macrofunction: Visual Verbal Relationship 1. What does the figure illustrate? Nuevas herramientas para las tcnicas de perforacin 2. What does the author use to match the reading with the text? Utiliza la palabra figura 1 (Grfico+texto) 3. Which are the focal parts clearly explained in both the figure and the Reading? Anchor module y linear actuator module 4. What is the other Macrofunction behind the reading? Clasificacin

5. Clues you followed for question number four? La frase que indica clasificacin es: The family of tools include El autor clasifica las herramientas segn su funcin Las categoras son: modulo de anclaje y modulo accionador lineal Prrafo # 3 Some key lessons learned that seems to be common across many different implementation activities are Do not just focus on the technology. Consider also the processes that will run in the collaboration environment. Change management is key. Transformation comes from mayor changes, organization, behaviors, and rewards will all need to change. Implementation does not stop when construction is finished. The work to really embed the processes, change behaviors, and delivers various starts only when the collaboration environment begins functioning. Develop a roadmap. Understand where you are trying to go and how you plan to get there. Consider an approach of starting small and expanding, building on success. Use simple technology. Executed well. The technology has to work. Use collaboration to enable IE solutions, such as production, optimization or waterflood management. JPT edi Oct-2012, pag 134 Macrofunction: Instruction 1. What is the instruction main goal? Llevar acabo una operacin con xito. 2. What does the author use to separate the steps to get the main goal? El autor utiliza vietas 3. Write the verbs in the imperative form, indicating the steps to follow Develop. Desarrolle un plan de trabajo

 Use. Utilice colaboracin, utilice tecnologa sencilla Consider. Considere la posibilidad de un acercamiento Do not focus. No se enfoque solo en la tecnologa

4. How many of the steps given provide instructional information (give an example)? Dos pasos poseen instrucciones con informacin adicional Ejemplo: Paso N 1 No se enfoque solo en la tecnologa. Considere tambin los procesos que se ejecutan en el entorno de colaboracin. Prrafo # 4 Harris Corp. is a defense contractor known for building communications systems able to efficiently broadcast radio signals around the globe. Now it is trying to make money in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) by inefficiently sending radio waves on journeys through the ground that will be measured in meters and used for heating. The method combines heat created by an antenna sending out wave on frequencies normally associated with AM radio, with a boost from a solvent, such as butane or propane, further reduction the viscosity of the heavy oil known as bitumen JPT edi Sep-2012, pag 40 1. What is being defined? El Nuevo mtodo empleado por la contratista Harris Corp. 2. Write the clues that signal definition Causa y efecto: to efficiently broadcast radio signals Verbo to-be en presente: is a defense, known Verbo en presente: combines 3. How many definitions are found in the text? En el texto existen dos definiciones. Harris Corp. is a defense contractor y The method combines

4. What is the definition acting as the main core? Harris Corp. is a defense contractor known for building communications systems (Corporaciones Harris es una contratista de defensa conocida por construir sistemas de comunicaciones) 5. Write the corresponding formula for the definition mentioned above (T=C or T=C+D) T=C+D (definicin formal) Harris Corp.=Contratista + conocida por construir sistemas de comunicaciones Prrafo # 5 The first comprehensive study (Osborn Et Al, 2011) of possible contamination of water wells from shale gas production activity was by Osborn Et Al from Duke University. The authors studied 60 wells in Pennsylvania and found no fracturing chemicals in the water wells. They did report finding a strong correlation between the proximity of shale gas wells end methane in the well water. The date was interpreted by the authors as proving that the origin of the methane was from Marcellus Formation where the gas was being produced. JPT edi October 2012, pag 18 Macrofunction: Narration 1. What is the main event being narration? La contaminacin de acuferos 2. Write the clues that signal narration? The first (secuencia)/2011 (fecha) 3. State the verb tenses. Pasado (produced, interpreted) 4. State the verbal form used. Pasiva (was being produced, was interpreted) 5. When did the story being and end? Inicio (2011)/ Fin (actualidad 2012)

Prrafo # 6 The complete paper details how established concepts from control engineering and metrology can be used for reservoir management. Research and development efforts in permanent well monitoring are divided in two classes: deep-reservoir and nearwellbore. Additional value can be derived from these technologies because the can also identify and classify failures in downhole equipment. Deep-reservoir sensing is related to 4D seismic, dynamic 3D resistivity, and streaming potential (electrokinetic) monitoring techniques that capture the dynamic of the entire reservoir. Near-wellbore sensing includes classical downhole measurements, such as pressure and temperature. Also, monitoring systems has become a distributed sensing network instead of an autonomous system, which requires an understanding of all errors and limitations in the signal path aside from the sensor itself. JPT edi Sep-2012, pag 75 Macrofunction: Classification 1. What are the words or phrases that signal classification? Efforts in permanent well monitoring are divided in two classes. 2. What is the classification criteria used by the author? Son clasificados de acuerdo a su funcin 3. Which are the categories and subcategories used by the author? Permanent well monitoring/Sistema de monitoreo permanente del pozo o Deep-reservoir/Yacimientos a gran profundidad o Near-wellbore/Pozos cercanos 4. How does the author define/describe the sub-categories? Yacimientos a gran profundidad: La detencin de yacimientos profundos se obtiene mediante ssmica en 4D, resistividad dinmica en 3D y potencia de corriente electrocintica o tcnicas de vigilancia que capturan la dinmica del yacimiento entero. Pozos cercanos: La detencin de pozos cercanos se obtiene mediante mediciones clsicas de fondo de pozo, tales como la presin y la temperatura.