Cameroon

Share Economic growth is projected to reach 4.4% in 2012, sustained by a recovery in the oil sector. Growth of 4.6% is forecast for 2013, which despite confirming that growth remains vigorous, is lower than the level needed to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Economic policy will be marked by the ongoing implementation of the major structuring projects identified in the Growth and Employment Strategy Paper. Integrating young Cameroonians into the countrys economic life is still a challenge. The government has recently shown its readiness to strive for better integration of young people and this should produce results in the short and medium term.

Overview

Click to enlarge The economy of Cameroon should continue to progress in 2012, when it is expected to show growth of 4.4% compared to 4.1% in 2011. At sector level, the outlook for 2012-13 indicates that the primary sector will show 5% growth, thanks to average growth of 5% in the food-crop sub-sector and 5.7% in the cashcrop sub-sector. The secondary sector is expected to grow 1.4% over the same period, driven by the construction industry, better energy supply and higher production in the foodprocessing and manufacturing industries. The tertiary sector should progress 3.7%, thanks notably to buoyant conditions in transport and telecommunications. Higher growth in 2012 risks generating a 2.7% increase in inflation, but it will still be below the 3% limit set by the Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC). The public finance budgetary balance should improve from -1.3% in 2011 to 0.2% in 2012 on the back of increased oil revenue. The current-account balance should also improve slightly to

show a deficit of 5.4% in 2012 after 6.3% in 2011 as a result of a reduction in the trade deficit from 3.7% in 2011 to 1.4% in 2012. A sustained slowdown in economic activity in the euro area could lead to lower external demand in the medium term, since the European Union is Cameroons main trading partner. In this context, the countrys main task will be to continue increasing agricultural production, developing infrastructure and consolidating the energy supply needed to sustain growth. The government will also need to continue to implement structural reforms aimed at improving economic competitiveness and the business climate. A certain number of programmes have been set up to promote the socio-economic integration of young people but the government needs to ensure that these programmes are carried out coherently in relation to the national employment policy. Moreover, employment strategy needs to be based on partnerships between universities and companies to facilitate the arrival of young people on the jobs market
Figure 1: Real GDP growth (Central)
Real GDP growth (%)Central Africa - Real GDP growth (%)Africa - Real GDP growth (%)200320042005200620072008200920102011201220130%2.5%5%7.5%10%12.5%Real GDP Growth (%)
Figures for 2010 are estimates; for 2011 and later are projections.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932618614
Table 1: Macroeconomic Indicators
2010 Real GDP growth Real GDP per capita growth CPI inflation Budget balance % GDP Current account % GDP 3.2 1 1.3 -1.1 -5.8 2 2.5 -1.3 -6.3 2011 4.1 2012 4.4 2.2 2.7 0.2 -5.4

Figures for 2010 are estimates; for 2011 and later are projections.

http://www.africaneconomicoutlook.org/en/countries/central-africa/cameroon/ 12-10-2012 11pm http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/AFRICAEXT/CAMEROONEXTN/0,,menuPK :343839~pagePK:141132~piPK:141109~theSitePK:343813,00.html 12-10-2012 11pm

Recent Developments & Prospects

Table 2: GDP by Sector (percentage of GDP)

2006 Agriculture, forestry, fishing & hunting Agriculture, livestock, forestry and fisheries of which agriculture Mining and quarrying of which oil Manufacturing Electricity, gas and water Electricity, water and sewerage Construction Wholesale and retail trade, hotels and restaurants of which hotels and restaurants Transport, storage and communication Transport and storage, information and communication Finance, real estate and business services Financial intermediation, real estate services, business and other service activities General government services Public administration & defence; social security, education, health & social work Public administration, education, health Public administration, education, health & other social & personal services Other community, social & personal service activities Other services Gross domestic product at basic prices / factor cost Wholesale and retail trade, hotels and restaurants
Figures for 2010 are estimates; for 2011 and later are projections.

2011 23.4 7.2 16.2 1 5.5 19.4 7 10.9 8.1 1.2 100 -

21 11.2 17.8 1.1 3.2 21.4 4.8 5.2 3.6 10.6 100 -

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932620590 According to National Institute of Statistics data, growth increased from 3.2% in 2010 to 4.1% in 2011. The structure of production shows strong potential in agriculture, forestry and mining. The sectoral breakdown as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) remains constant from one

year to another and is dominated by the services sector, which represented 46.4% of GDP in 2011, compared to 43.2% in 2010. The secondary sector represented 26.4% in 2011, down from 27.7% in 2010. The primary sectors contribution, meanwhile, rose from 21.7% to 22.9%, thanks mainly to foodcrop farming and forestry. The agricultural sector contributed 3.1% to primary-sector growth. The application of stabilisation mechanisms allowed producer revenues to remain stable. Similarly, livestock farming and fishing progressed strongly from 2010 to 2011. Their contribution to growth rose from 3.0% to 16.3%, thanks to the distribution of inputs and material to livestock-farming groups. The secondary sector contributed 26.4% to GDP in 2011, most of it generated by the construction, food processing and, to a lesser extent, the water and electricity sectors. Manufacturing production increased 4.3% in 2011, as food processing output rose 5.3% and that of other manufacturing industries rose 3.3%. The start-up of the power stations provided for by the emergency power programme at the end of 2011 should result in an increase in electricity production, which will boost the added value of the agro-industrial and manufacturing sectors. Construction accounted for 3.4% of GDP in 2011, thanks partly to the governments efforts to improve roads and control construction standards on public buildings. Among the extractive industries, oil production remains the main activity despite a fall in output of 12.6%. As for mines and prospecting, the government attributed 100 small-scale prospecting permits and Mobilong diamond mining permits to Cameroon and Korea Mining. There are also plans to mine cobalt at Nkamouna and iron at Mbalam. The tertiary sector accounted for 46.4% of GDP in 2011, up from 43.2% in 2010, following a recovery in activity in retail trading, transport and telecommunications. In transport, the start of activity at CAMAIR-Co resulted in a 1.2% increase in air-passenger volumes and a 5.7% increase in freight traffic in the first half of 2011. Telecommunications, too, showed growth, as the number of subscribers increased by 7.5% to 8.9 million in 2010 and by a further 5.5% in the first half of 2011, while turnover rose 9%. Tourism saw a 9.6% increase in the number of overnight stays in 2011, according to Ministry of Finance (MINFI) figures. Overall, the Growth and Employment Strategy should push economic growth up to 4.4% in 2012 and 4.6% in 2013. These projections are justified by the pursuit of measures begun in 2010 to modernise production capacity and develop infrastructure. Sectoral prospects in 2012 and 2013 suggest that the primary sector will show 5% growth thanks to average 5% growth in food production and 5.7% growth in the cash crops. The secondary sector should show 1.4% growth over the same period, boosted by construction activity, improved energy supply and production from the food-processing and manufacturing industries. The tertiary sector should progress 3.7%, thanks notably to buoyant conditions in transport and telecommunications. Continued efforts to revitalise the agricultural sector, develop infrastructures and strengthen energy supply should consolidate Cameroons growth despite economic turbulence in the euro area. At the same time, sustained economic turbulence in the euro area could affect external demand in the medium term and limit growth.

Fiscal Policy

The overriding objective of the 2012 budget is to improve the living conditions of the population by consolidating growth and protecting against external shocks through implementation of a countercyclical fiscal policy. With regard to revenue, the state has given priority to enlarging the tax base by modernising the fiscal administration and improving revenue collection, while providing incentives, notably to help companies in the informal sector to gradually emerge from it. In 2011, fiscal pressure increased in a political context marked by the organisation of the presidential election. Fiscal policy resulted in an increase in overall spending of about 8%, as capital spending increased nearly 14% and current spending rose about 6%. Current spending continued to represent about three quarters of total spending but the share of capital spending financed from the states own resources increased slightly in 2011. The rise in public spending was partly counterbalanced by an increase in revenue, notably in the form of oil revenue boosted by high international prices. The improvement in fiscal-revenue collection procedures through enlargement of the tax base and the revitalisation of the Douala Stock Exchange should continue in 2012, so as to stimulate internal resource generation. Regarding external resources, the government will strengthen traditional bilateral and multilateral partnerships through the use of traditional financing like funding available under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative, while, at the same time, pursuing its strategy of diversifying its sources of financing via emerging countries such as China, India, Brazil and South Korea.

Table 3: Public Finances (percentage of GDP)

2003 Total revenue and grants Tax revenue Oil revenue Grants Total expenditure and net lending (a) Current expenditure Excluding interest Wages and salaries Interest Primary balance Overall balance 16.9 10.6 4.1 15.4 13.3 11 5.3 2.3 3.8 1.5 2006 47.6 17.2 14.6 11.7 10.8 4.5 0.9 34 33 2007 20 10.9 6.4 15.7 11.7 11.2 4.4 0.5 4.8 4.3 2008 21.2 11.1 7.8 19 13.4 13 5.4 0.4 2.6 2.2 2009 17.1 10.3 4.6 17.5 13.5 13.2 5.7 0.3 -0.1 -0.4 2010 16.6 10.3 4.2 17.7 13.8 13.5 5.4 0.3 -0.8 -1.1 2011 17.2 10.6 4.5 18.5 14 13.6 5.4 0.3 -1 -1.3 2012 17.9 10.5 5.3 17.7 13.2 12.9 5.6 0.4 0.5 0.2 2013 18.3 10.4 5.8 17.5 12.8 12.5 5.6 0.3 1.2 0.8

Figures for 2010 are estimates; for 2011 and later are projections.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932621578

Monetary Policy

Monetary policy is defined and administered by the Bank of Central African States (BEAC), which aims to stabilise internal and external prices. To attain this objective, the BEAC has three instruments: the intervention rate, the open-market policy which enables it to intervene on the monetary market and control refinancing levels, and the compulsory reserves policy. Since the 2008 crisis, the BEAC has eased refinancing conditions for credit institutions but the effect on economic activity has remained limited because of excess liquidity in the banking system. It should be noted that the inflation rate increased from 1.3% in 2010 to 2.5% in 2011 in line with the general CEMAC trend. This increase is principally the result of a higher level of economic activity. The government pursued its efforts, moreover, to facilitate imports by reducing customs duties on several food products with the aim of ensuring that markets were adequately supplied and by subsidising the pump prices of oil products so as to contain the inflation level. The BEAC has pursued a counter-cyclical monetary policy aimed at stimulating economic activity after it was checked by the financial crisis. This resulted in a reduction in the level of state reserves, which were estimated to stand at 5.5 months of imports of goods and services in 2011, compared to 7.1 months in 2010. The recovery that began in 2010 enabled external assets to be rebuilt, increasing 4.3% in 2010 before falling 10% in 2011. Lending to the economy progressed about 17%, with short-term credit making up most loans of the monetary system to the economy. Money supply (M2) progressed by an estimated 9.8% in 2011, but this was lower than in 2010. Activity on the money market remained timid with only one interbank transaction in 2011. Investments by eligible credit establishments and public-sector financial institutions in the BEAC fell to 192 billion CFA francs BEAC (XAF) in June 2011 from XAF 346 billion in June 2010 with outstanding credits consolidated by the state totalling XAF 231 million on a year-on-year basis. The rate of coverage of the monetary base stabilised below the sub-regional level at around 95%.

Economic Cooperation, Regional Integration & Trade

Cameroon belongs to the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (CEMAC) and the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS)[1], which are due to merge to open the way for the creation of a single African currency among the eight Regional Economic Communities recognised by the African Union. A pilot committee was set up on 5 July 2010 with the aim of facilitating the rationalisation process leading to harmonisation of the institutional framework and projects of the ECCAS and CEMAC. Cameroon is also strengthening its co-operation with the new emerging countries, while not abandoning its traditional partners. In the first half of 2011, the government signed 18 agreements and financing conventions representing a total XAF 675 billion with bilateral and multilateral fund providers. There is little diversification of foreign trade in terms of products or trading partners. The European Union is the countrys leading partner, with a 41% share of trade by value, followed by East Asia with 18.3%, the CEMAC zone with 8%, North America with 4.7%, West Africa with 3.4% and Latin America with 2.6%. For the last five years at least, Cameroons trade deficit has been widening as imports have increased, especially food products, oil and gas, fuels and lubricants, inorganic chemical products and fertilisers. The trade deficit could be reduced slightly to 1.4% of GDP, compared with 3.7% in 2011, in 2012 as a result of higher oil revenue. This would reduce the current-account deficit from 6.3% of GDP in 2011 to 5.4% in 2012.

Table 4: Current Account (percentage of GDP)

2003 Trade balance 1.3 2006 3.7 2007 3.6 2 2008 2009 -1.1 2010 -2.7 2011 -3.7 2012 -1.4 2013 0.5

2003 Exports of goods (f.o.b.) Imports of goods (f.o.b.) Services Factor income Current transfers Current account balance 17.8 16.5 -6.5 -3.9 1.4 -7.8

2006 21.4 17.7 -4.5 -1.8 1.7 -0.8

2007 24.3 20.7 -1.9 -2.4 2.2 1.4

2008 25.3 23.3 -5 -1.4 2.6 -1.9

2009 17.3 18.4 -4 -0.6 2.3 -3.3

2010 16.2 18.9 -1.7 -2 0.7 -5.8

2011 16.7 20.4 -1.6 -1.7 0.7 -6.3

2012 18.7 20.1 -2.6 -2.1 0.8 -5.4

2013 20.2 19.7 -2.5 -2.2 0.7 -3.5

Figures for 2010 are estimates; for 2011 and later are projections.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932622566

Debt Policy
Cameroon enjoyed a substantial reduction of its debt in 2006 after reaching the completion point of the HIPC Initiative. The public debt to GDP ratio stood at 14% in 2011, significantly less than the 52% level registered in 2005. The stock of public debt increased in 2011 to reach XAF 1.72 trillion, comprising XAF 1.18 trillion of external debt and XAF 0.54 trillion of internal debt. Repayment of external debt amounted to XAF 45.4 billion, representing an execution rate of 56.8% in relation to the XAF 80 billion target set by the budget. The repayment total comprised XAF 14.9 billion in interest and XAF 30.5 billion in principal. Repayment of domestic debt totalled XAF 114.7 billion to give an execution rate of 39.4% on the XAF 290.8 billion amount budgeted. This total was made up of XAF 25.7 billion in principal, XAF 44.3 billion in VAT credits and XAF 43.6 billion in domestic arrears payments. Cameroon expects to issue a new XAF 200 billion bond to finance structuring projects announced in the Growth and Employment Strategy Document announced by the President of the Republic. Cameroons debt ratio remains low at about 14%, well below the community reference level of 70%.

Figure 2: Stock of total external debt (percentage of GDP) and debt service (percentage of exports of goods and services)
Debt/GDPDebt service/Exports200320042005200620072008200920102011201220130%10%20%30%40%50%Percent age
Figures for 2010 are estimates; for 2011 and later are projections.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932618614

Social Context & Human Development

Building Human Resources
The population of Cameroon was estimated to be 19 406 100 in 2010 and the annual growth rate to be 2.8%. The population is essentially young, with more than half aged under 20. Conscious of the potential labour force this represents, the government intends to continue its efforts to

improve training and develop a high-quality education system, available to as many people as possible and geared towards the jobs market. The governments priority in the education sector remains the pursuit of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). More specifically, it aims to achieve goals two and three, which concern universal primary education and promoting gender equality. In 2011, the budget allocation to the education sector fell from 16% to 14%, of which a large part goes on operating costs. The measures programmed include: i) organising a major forum in 2012 to set the main strategic goals of the education sector; ii) reforming all programmes for schools, vocationaltraining centres and universities by adopting a skills-based approach aimed at making the programmes more coherent and thus improving the internal performance and external efficiency of the system; iii) creating a quality-assurance agency covering the whole education system to define curriculum standards and guide learners towards the different existing and potential learning paths on the basis of the real demands of the jobs market; iv)building and equipping model secondary schools and training centres, a vocational-training centre in each region that take into account the regional economy and a centre for the development of training and professional qualifications. In the health sector, the strategy for 2011-15 focuses on reducing infant and juvenile mortality, improving maternal health and fighting HIV/AIDS. A medium-term spending programme has been drawn up for 2011-13 based on four programmes covering: i) the health of mothers, children and teenagers; ii) the fight against disease, particularly AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, diabetes and high blood pressure, iii) the promotion of good health; iv)improvements to the functioning of district health services. The health budget is increased each year but is still below international standards.

Poverty Reduction, Social Protection & Labour

In 2011, the Cameroonian government continued to set up social safety net programmes aimed at helping vulnerable groups such as the handicapped, the elderly, widows and marginals. Action was taken to ensure that the guarantee of social security rights is applied, notably through the mutualisation of health insurance and payment of social security benefits. Among young people, government action took the form of socio-economic integration programmes and measures to reduce youth unemployment. The government recently initiated a plan to recruit 25 000 young people into the civil service in line with a commitment given by President Biya in the run-up to the 2011 presidential election. This measure is in addition to the PAJER-U programme in favour of rural and urban youth which has resulted in publication of a manual setting out the procedure for gaining access to financing and the establishment of a national fund for youth integration

Gender Equality
According to the results of the third population and housing census, women make up 50.6% of the Cameroonian population and are increasing in number at a rate of 10.1%, compared to 9.9% for men. Cameroon has ratified international conventions providing for gender equality, including the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW). Nevertheless, gender disparities can still be seen in such key sectors as education, health, employment and the environment. These disparities are exacerbated by the influence of culture and tradition. Revenue imbalance is still rife and 52% of poor people are women. Activity levels according to the International Labour Office definition are 79.5% for women and 86.2% for men. In the political sphere, there are only nine women among the 60 or so members of the new government.

Because of its modest oil r esources and f avor abl e agr icultural c onditions, Cameroon has one of the best-endowed primary commodity economies in sub -Sahar an Africa. Still, i t faces many of the serious pr obl ems confronting other under devel oped countri es, such as stagnant per capit a income, a rel ativel y inequitable distribution of income, a t op -heavy civil service, endemic corruption, and a generall y unf avorabl e clima te f or business ent erpris e. Since 1990, the government has embar ked on vari ous IMF and W orld Bank pr ograms desi gned to spur busi ness investment, increase efficienc y in agric ultur e, impr ove tr ade, and recapitali ze the nati on's banks. The IMF is pressing for more r efor ms, including incr eas ed budget transpar enc y, pri vati zati on, and povert y reduction pr ograms. Subsidi es for el ectricity, food, and fuel have strained the budget. New mini ng pr oject s - in diamonds, f or exampl e - have attracted for ei gn i nvestment, b ut l arge ventur es will take time t o devel op. Camer oon's busi ness envir onment - one of t he worl d's worst - is a det errent to f orei gn invest ment. GDP ( pur chasi ng power parit y) : $47. 86 billion (2011 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 94 $45. 97 billion (2010 est.) $44. 67 billion (2009 est.) not e: data are i n 2011 US doll ars GDP ( official exchange rate) : $25. 76 billion (2011 est.) GDP - real gr owt h rate: 4.1% ( 2011 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 95 2.9% ( 2010 est.) 2% (2009 est.) GDP - per capita (PPP) : $2, 300 ( 2011 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 185 $2, 300 ( 2010 est.) $2, 200 ( 2009 est.) not e: data are i n 2011 US doll ars GDP - composition by sector : agri cultur e: 19.5% industr y: 31% ser vices: 49.5% (2011 est .) Labor for ce: 8.083 million (2011 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 60 Labor for ce - by occupati on: agri cultur e: 70% industr y: 13% ser vices: 17% (2001 est.)

Unempl oyment rat e: 30% (2001 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 177 Popul ation below povert y line : 48% (2000 est.) Household i ncome or consumption by percentage share : lowest 10 %: 2.3% highest 10 %: 35. 4% (2001) Distribution of famil y income - Gi ni index: 44. 6 (2001) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 43 47. 7 (1996) Investment (gross fi xed) : 19. 6% of GDP (2011 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 102 Budget: revenues: $5. 01 billi on expenditures: $5. 302 billi on ( 2011 est.) Taxes and ot her revenues : 19. 5% of GDP (2011 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 166 Budget surplus (+) or deficit ( -): -1.1% of GDP (2011 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 63 Public debt : 13. 9% of GDP (2011 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 127 13. 5% of GDP (2010 est.) Inflation rat e (consumer prices) : 2.9% ( 2011 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 57 1.3% ( 2010 est.) Central bank discount r ate : NA% ( 31 Dec ember 2010 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 85 4.25% ( 31 December 2009 est.) Commer cial bank prime l ending rat e :

14. 5% ( 31 December 2011 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 56 14% (31 December 2010 es t.) Stock of narrow money: $3. 259 billion (31 December 2011 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 114 $3. 264 billion (31 December 2010 est .) Stock of broad money: $5. 438 billion (31 December 2011 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 124 $5. 344 billion (31 December 2010 est.) Stock of domestic credit : $2. 523 billion (31 December 2011 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 133 $1. 587 billion (31 December 2010 est .) Market val ue of publicl y t raded shares : $NA Agricultur e - products: coffee, c ocoa, cotton, rubber, bananas, oils eed, grai ns, cassava (mani oc); livestock; timber Industries: petr oleum production and r efini ng, al umi num pr oduction, f ood processing, li ght c ons umer goods, textil es, lumber, shi p repair Industrial production growth rat e : 4% (2010 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 80 Current account bal ance : -$1. 361 billion (2011 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 130 -$856. 3 milli on ( 2010 est.) Exports: $5. 549 billion (2011 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 111 $4. 485 billion (2010 est.) Exports - commodities: crude oil and petr oleum products, lumber, coc oa beans, aluminum, coff ee, cotton Exports - part ner s: Spain 13.3%, Chi na 11.4%, Net herl ands 9. 7%, Ital y 8. 8%, Indi a 6. 6%, Fr ance 6. 4%, US 5.9%, Germany 4.8%, Bel gi um 4% (2011)

Import s: $6. 108 billion (2011 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 120 $4. 663 billion (2010 est.) Import s - commodities: machi nery, electrical equipment, trans port equi pment, fuel, f ood Import s - part ner s: Chi na 16.9%, France 16. 8%, Nigeria 12. 4%, Bel gi um 5.3%, It aly 4. 3%, US 4. 3% (2011) Reser ves of forei gn exchange and gold : $3. 316 billion (31 December 2011 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 100 $3. 665 billion (31 December 2010 est.) Debt - ext ernal: $3. 147 billion (31 December 2011 est.) countr y comparison t o the worl d: 132 $2. 964 billion (31 December 2010 est.) Exchange rat es: Cooperati on Fi nancier e en Afrique Central e francs (XAF) per doll ar 471. 87 ( 2011 est.) 495. 28 ( 2010 est.) 472. 19 ( 2009) 447. 81 ( 2008) 493. 51 ( 2007) Fiscal year : 1 Jul y - 30 June

https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cm.html 12-10-2012 11:20am

Economy stats: Cameroon vs India

Cameroonian Economy stats

Aid as % of GDP 4.3%
Ranked 53rd. 13 times more than India

Indian Economy stats

0.3%
Ranked 113rd.

Economic freedom

1.65
Ranked 109th. 10% more than India

1.5
Ranked 123rd.

Exports to US

$37,000,000.00
Ranked 110th.

$3,233,200,000.00
Ranked 19th. 86 times more than Cameroon

GDP

$42,640,000,000.00
Ranked 90th in 2006.

$4,164,000,000,000.00
Ranked 5th in 2006. 97 times more than Cameroon

GDP growth > annual %

2.04 annual %
Ranked 144th in 2005.

9.23 annual %
Ranked 14th in 2005. 4 times more than Cameroon

GDP (per capita)

$2,555.93 per capita

Ranked 137th in 2006.

$3,751.99 per capita

Ranked 121st in 2006. 47% more than Cameroon

GDP per capita, PPP > current international $

2,298.54 PPP $
Ranked 116th in 2005.

3,452.5 PPP $
Ranked 103rd in 2005. 50% more than Cameroon

GDP > PPP

$35,116,000,000.00
Ranked 79th.

$3,362,960,000,000.00
Ranked 4th. 95 times more than Cameroon

Gross National Income

$8,740,080,000.00
Ranked 82nd.

$477,000,000,000.00
Ranked 12th. 54 times more than Cameroon

Gross national income > constant LCU 7906602000000

28322300000000

Gross National Income (per $ GDP)

$28.97 per $100

Ranked 93rd. 102% more than India

$14.37 per $100

Ranked 160th.

Household final consumption expenditure, etc. > constant 2000 US$ 529.6 constant 2000 US$ per c (per capita)
Ranked 77th in 2005. 56% more than India

338.6 constant 2000 US$ per c

Ranked 90th in 2005.

Human Development Index

0.497
Ranked 149th.

0.602
Ranked 128th. 21% more than Cameroon

Income category Income distribution > Poorest 10%

Low income 1.9%

Ranked 84th.

Low income 3.5%

Ranked 22nd. 84% more than Cameroon

Income distribution > Richest 10%

36.6%
Ranked 26th. 9% more than India

33.5%
Ranked 38th.

Population under $1 a day

33.4
Ranked 18th.

44.2
Ranked 11th. 32% more than Cameroon

Poverty > Share of all poor people

0.45 % of world's poor

Ranked 23rd.

41.01 % of world's poor

Ranked 1st. 90 times more than Cameroon