SUBMITTED BY: ANGEL LHI DELA CRUZ

SUBMITTED TO: MS. ELIZABETH BAYONA

1000 BC- Vulgar fractions used by the Egyptians. However, only unit fractions are used (i.e., those with 1 as the numerator) and interpolation tables are used to approximate the values of the other fractions

first half of 1st millennium BC- Vedic India Yajnavalkya, in his

Shatapatha Brahmana, describes the motions of the sun and the moon, and advances a 95-year cycle to synchronize the motions of the sun and the moon.

8th century BC-The Yajur Veda, one of the four Hindu Vedas, contains the earliest concept of infinity, and states that if you remove a part from infinity or add a part to infinity, still what remains is infinity.

-1000 BC

- first half of 1st millennium BC

-8th century BC

800 BC Baudhayana, author of the Baudhayana Sulba Sutra, a Vedic Sanskrit geometric text, contains quadratic equations, and calculates the square root of two correctly to five decimal places.

early 6th century BC Thales of Miletus has various theorems attributed to him.

600 BC the other Vedic Sulba Sutras (rule of chords in Sanskrit) use Pythagorean triples, contain of a number of geometrical proofs, and approximate at 3.16.

-800 BC

-early 6th century BC

-600 BC

500 BC Indian grammarian Pnini writes the Astadhyayi, which contains the use of metarules, transformations and recursions, originally for the purpose of systematizing the grammar of Sanskrit.

5th century BC Hippocrates of Chios utilizes lunes in an attempt to square the circle.

4th century BC Indian texts use the Sanskrit word Shunya to refer to the concept of void (zero).

370 BC Eudoxus states the method of exhaustion for area determination.

-500 BC

-5th century B

-4th century BC

-370 BC

1st century Heron of Alexandria, the earliest fleeting reference to square roots of negative numbers.

3rd century Ptolemy of Alexandria wrote the Almagest

250 Diophantus uses symbols for unknown numbers in terms of syncopated algebra, and writes Arithmetica, one of the earliest treatises on algebra

1st century

3rd century

250

300 the earliest known use of zero as a decimal digit is introduced by Indian mathematicians

340 Pappus of Alexandria states his hexagon theorem and his centroid theorem

400 the Bakhshali manuscript is written by Jaina mathematicians, which describes a theory of the infinite containing different levels of infinity, shows an understanding of indices, as well as logarithms to base 2, and computes square roots of numbers as large as a million correct to at least 11 decimal places

300

340

400

450 Zu Chongzhi computes to seven decimal places. 500 Aryabhata writes the Aryabhata-Siddhanta, which first introduces the trigonometric functions and methods of calculating their approximate numerical values. It defines the concepts of sine and cosine, and also contains the earliest tables of sine and cosine values (in 3.75-degree intervals from 0 to 90 degrees) 6th century Aryabhata gives accurate calculations for astronomical constants, such as the solar eclipse and lunar eclipse, computes to four decimal places, and obtains whole number solutions to linear equations by a method equivalent to the modern method 550 Hindu mathematicians give zero a numeral representation in the positional notation Indian numeral system

450

500

6th century

550