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1. In figure 6-25, DE parallel to BC . Find the value of CE, if AD=8 cm, AB=12
cm and AE=12 cm.
Sol:
AD AE
Therefore = (Basic Proportionality Theorem)
DB EC
8 12
=
4 x
8 x = 48
x = 6 cm
Sol:
AD AE
=
DB EC
x x+2
=
x − 2 x −1
x2 − x = x2 − 4
[ (a + b)(a − b) = a 2 − b 2
x 2 − x − x 2 = −4
− x = −4
x = 4 cm
Sol:
AE+EC=AC
or 4+EC=8
or EC=8-4=4
and BF+FC=BC
or 6+FC=12
or FC=12-6=6
CF 6
Now, = =1 … (1)
FB 6
CE 4
and = =1 … (2)
EA 4
CF CE
= (Equals of equals are equal)
FB EA
Sol:
Since ∠A = ∠P = 62o
Therefore PQ parallel to AC . Now, ∠B is common to both the triangles,
Triangle BQP and Triangle BCA
BQ QP PB
So, = = (Corresponding parts of similar triangles are
BC CA AB
proportional)
PQ PB
or =
AC AB
x c
or = ( Since AB = AP + PB )
a AP + PB
x c
or =
a b+c
ac
or x =
b+c
Sol:
Let BD= x cm. Then DC= 10 − x cm
AB BD
Therefore =
AC CD
9 x
or =
6 10 − x
Cross-multiplying, we get
9(10 − x) = 6 x
90 − 9 x = 6 x
−9 x − 6 x = −90
−15 x = −90
15 x = 90
90
x= =6
15
Therefore BD = 6 cm
Sol:
Construction: Draw OP parallel to DC
BP BO
= … (1)
PC OD
CP CO
= (basic proportionality theorem)
PB OA
PB OA
or, = … (2)
CP CO
BO OA
= (Equals of equals are equal)
OD CO
2 x + 1 3x − 1
Therefore =
6x − 5 9x − 3
By cross-multiplication, we get
18 x 2 − 6 x + 9 x − 3 = 18 x 2 − 15 x − 6 x + 5
18 x 2 − 6 x + 9 x − 18 x 2 + 15 x + 6 x = 5 + 3
24 x = 8
8
x=
24
1
or x =
3
Sol:
Let AB and AC be the two positions of the ladder when it touches the windows
at B and C respectively. BE represents the first window and CD represents the
second window. As the wall is always at right angles to the ground.
Triangle ABE and Triangle ACD are right triangles right angled at E and D
respectively. Here DE is the width of the streets.
AE 2 + BE 2 = AB 2
or AE 2 + 42 = 52
or AE 2 + 16 = 25
or AE 2 = 25 − 16 = 9
or AE = 9 = 3 m … (1)
AD 2 + CD 2 = AC 2
or AD 2 + 32 = 52
or AD 2 + 9 = 25
or AD 2 = 25 − 9 = 16
or AD = 16 = 4 m … (2)
Now DE=AD+AE
or DE= 4m + 3m = 7 m
8. A man goes 8 m due west and then 16 m due north. Find the distance
between the starting point and the terminal point.
Sol:
OA = 8 m (Due west)
AB= 15 m (Due north)
OA2 + AB 2 = OB 2
or 82 + 152 = OB 2
or 64 + 225 = OB 2
or 289 = OB 2
or 289 = OB
or 17 = OB
or OB = 17 m
Sol:
or 82 + x 2 = (16 − x) 2
or 64 + x 2 = 256 + x 2 − 32 x
or x 2 − x 2 + 32 x = 256 − 64
or 32 x = 192
192
or x = = 6m
32
Sol:
Let PQ=9 m
Construct QS parallel to PR
In Triangle QST
QS= 35 m, TS = 12 m
QS 2 + ST 2 = QT 2
or QT 2 = QS 2 + ST 2
or QT = 1369 = 37 m