UE Behaviors in Idle Mode

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Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Foreword
SRAN UE behaviors in idle mode focus on:
PLMN selection 2G-3G cell reselection 3G-2G cell reselection

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PLMN selection Used to ensure that the PLMN selected by the UE provides services properly. System information reception The network broadcasts the network information to the UE that camps on the cell. Upon reception of broadcast information, the UE obtains the network information and takes actions accordingly. Cell selection and reselection Used to ensure that the UE finds a suitable cell to camp on.

References
3GPP TS 25.304: UE Procedures in Idle Mode and Procedures for Cell Reselection in Connected Mode

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Describe the working principles of the UE Behaviors in Idle Mode feature Perform parameters modification of the UE Behaviors in Idle Mode feature

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Contents
1. PLMN selection and Cell selection 2. 2G-3G cell reselection 3. 3G-2G cell reselection

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PLMN selection
For 2G-3G network, there are two kinds of PLMN configuration:
2G and 3G configured as the same PLMN ID 2G and 3G PLMN is difference

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Two Kinds of PLMN Solution

Different 2G version
2G Network Version cannot support R99 and is difficult to upgrade

Customized Solution
Solution based on PLMN Selection
3G PLMN ID different from 2G PLMN ID HPLMN = 3G PLMN ID & Set HPLMN searching time

2G Network Version can support R99 or can be upgraded to R99.

Solution based on Cell reselection

3G PLMN ID same as 2G PLMN ID Reselection triggered by configuration parameters

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For difference PLMN ID Advantage: No change on 2G network Disadvantage: Slowly roam from 2G to 3G

For Same PLMN ID: Advantage: Rapidly roam back to 3G Disadvantage: Need patch on 2G,Additional 2G Configuration For Huawei mostly 2G equipment support R99, so recommendation is same PLMN ID

Cell Selection
After PLMN selection, UE will try to find a suitable cell to stay, this behavior is cell selection.
If UE just supports 2G, so it will perform 2G cell selection If UE just supports 3G, so it will perform 2G cell selection If UE support 2G and 3G, depending on the UE setting: Prefer 2G; Prefer 3G, Auto

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Cell Selection
If UE support 2G and 3G, UE setting: Auto

3G 2G 3G/2G service area SIM 2G service area

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If UE support 2G and 3G, also on the 2G and 3G coverage area, it will depend on SIM card. If you use sim card, 2G cell will be selected first.

Cell Selection
If UE support 2G and 3G, UE setting: Auto

3G 2G 3G/2G service area USIM 2G service area

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If UE support 2G and 3G, also on the 2G and 3G coverage area, it will depend on SIM card. If you use USIM card, 3G cell will be selected first.

Cell Reselection
The signal strength of both serving cell and neighboring cells varies with the movement of a UE and so the UE needs to select the most suitable cell to camp on. This process is called cell reselection For 2G/3G network, cell reselection should be bidirectional. Sometimes cell reselection also will be triggered to balance the 2G/3G traffic. New system information will be adopted to support 2G/3G cell reselection.

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System Information For 2G/3G

GSM SI 2ter:
contains frequency of 3G neighbor cell

GSM SI 2quater:
contains information of cell reselection and measurement report, such as: Qsearch I, Measurement Report Type

GSM SI 3:
contains sending WCDMA classmark information and indication of existence SI 2quater

WCDMA SIB 11:

contains measurement controlling information for 3G/2G cell reselection

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Contents
1. PLMN selection and Cell selection 2. 2G-3G cell reselection 3. 3G-2G cell reselection

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2G-3G Cell Reselection

Frequency of 3G neighbor cell, which is in the UTRAN FDD cell BA1 table, should be sent to UE via system information.

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If just one frequency in the UTRAN FDD BA1 table, MS should implement cell reselection equal or less than 30S. One more 3G frequency, extra 30s needed.

2G-3G Cell Reselection

For 2G-3G cell reselection, two modes should be considered:
Cell reselection in the CS idle mode Cell reselection in the PS mode

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CS Idle Mode
If: 2G receiving level <Q_search_I 0 =<Qsearch_I <7 2G receiving level >Q_search_I 7 <Qsearch_I <15 Qsearch_I=7 (allways); Qsearch_I=15 (never)

Start monitor 3G neighbor cell

And

WCDMA RSCP 2G receiving level > FDD_Offset WCDMA EcNo > FDD_Qmin

Implement cell reselection to 3G

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CS Idle Mode
Qsearch I
This parameter specifies the level threshold for cell reselection in idle mode. In idle mode, if the signal level in the serving cell is below [0, 7] or above [8, 15], the MS starts to search for 3G cells. Default Value:15

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If this parameter is set to 5 and if the signal level of the serving cell is lower than 5, the MS starts to search for 3G cells. If this parameter is set to 10 and if the signal level of the serving cell is higher than 10, the MS starts to search for 3G cells. 0: -98 dBm 1: -94 dBm 2: -90 dBm 3: -86 dBm 4: -82 dBm 5: -78 dBm 6: -74 dBm 7(always), that is, the MS keeps searching for 3G cells 8: -78 dBm 9: -74 dBm 10: -70 dBm 11: -66 dBm 12: -62 dBm 13: -58 dBm 14: -54 dBm 15(never), that is, the MS does not search for 3G cells

CS Idle Mode
FDD Q Offset
Only when the average receive level of a 3G cell is FDD Q Offset greater than that of the serving cell, the 3G cell becomes a candidate cell. 0: - (always select a cell if acceptable) 1: -28 dB 2: -24 dB 15: 28 dB

Default Value:8

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CS Idle Mode
FDD Qmin
This parameter specifies one threshold of the signal level for 3G cell reselection. Only when the receive level of a 3G cell is greater than FDD Qmin, the 3G cell can be one candidate cell for cell reselection. Default Value:0

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For FDD Qmin, the according value as below: 0: -20 dB 1: -6 dB 2: -18 dB 3: -8 dB 4: -16 dB 5: -10 dB 6: -14 dB 7: -12 dB.

PS Mode
PBCCH existence PBCCH not existence

Qsearch_P level threshold

Qsearch_I level threshold

Always same as Qsearch_I

FDD_Offset and DD_Qmin are met

Implement cell reselection to 3G

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For the 2G/3G PS cell reselection, it should be bidirectional.

2G-3G Cell Reselection

If two times cell reselection less than 15S, FDD_Offset should plus 5dB. If UE reselection from 3G to 2G, at least the first 5S, this UE couldnt occur cell reselection back to 3G neighbor cells. If more than one 3G neighbor cell is met all requirement, the strongest one will be target cell.

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Contents
1. PLMN selection and Cell selection 2. 2G-3G cell reselection 3. 3G-2G cell reselection

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Measurement Start Criteria

Inter-RAT measurement: Squal SsearchRATm Qqualmeas Qqualmin SsearchRATm Qqualmeas Qqualmin + SsearchRATm

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If Squal > SsearchRATm, the UE need not start the inter-RAT measurement. If Squal SsearchRATm, the UE need to start the inter-RAT measurement. If system messages do not contain SsearchRATm, the UE always need to start the interRAT measurement. If criteria is met, UE will start to measure the 2G neighbor cell.

Parameters of Measurement Start Criteria (Cont.)

SsearchRat
Parameter name: Inter-RAT cell reselection threshold Recommended value: 127, namely none

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SearchRat Content: A threshold for inter-RAT cell reselection. When the quality (CPICH Ec/No measured by UE) of the serving cell is lower than this threshold plus the [Qqualmin] of the cell, the inter-RAT cell reselection procedure will be started. This parameter is not configured when its value is 127. Value range: {{-16~10}, {127}} Physical value range: -32~20; step: 2 Physical unit: dB Set this parameter through ADD UCELLSELRESEL, query it through LST UCELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD UCELLSELRESEL.

Measurement Start Criteria Description

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The intra-frequency, inter-frequency, and inter-RAT measurement criteria are as shown in the above figure. The intra-frequency cell reselection has a priority higher than the inter-frequency cell reselection and inter-RAT cell reselection, the intra-frequency cell reselection start threshold should be higher than the inter-frequency cell reselection start threshold and inter-RAT cell reselection start threshold. If the cell reselection threshold is set to a comparatively high value, the UE may frequently start cell reselections, and the battery of the UE may be largely consumed. If the cell reselection threshold is set to a comparatively low value, it is difficult for cell reselections to be started, and the UE may not timely reside in the cells with good quality, affecting the quality of communication between the UTRAN and the UE. For detailed information, refer to 3GPP TS 25.304.

IdleSintrasearch
Parameter name: Intra-freq cell reselection threshold for idle mode Recommended value: 127, namely none

ConnSintrasearch
Parameter name: Intra-freq cell reselection threshold for connected mode Recommended value: 127, namely none

IdleSintersearch Content: A threshold for inter-frequency cell reselection in idle mode. When the quality (CPICH Ec/No measured by UE) of the serving cell is lower than this threshold plus the [Qqualmin] of the cell, the inter-frequency cell reselection

Cell Reselection Criteria

Criterion R is used for inter-RAT cell reselection The cell-ranking criterion R is defined by:

Rs = Qmeas , s + Qhysts Rn = Qmeas ,n Qoffset s ,n

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In Rs, s means serving cell. In Rn, n means neighbor cell. The offset Qoffset1s,n is used for Qoffsets,n to calculate Rn. The hysteresis Qhyst1s is used for Qhysts to calculate Rs. Qoffset1s is for per neighbor direction. Criterion R is also used for intra-frequency, inter-frequency cell reselection The UE shall rank the cells according to the R criterion, derive Qmeas,n and Qmeas,s and calculate the R values, as described in the following cases: If a TDD or GSM cell is ranked as the best cell, the UE shall reselect that TDD or GSM cell.

Hysteresis and Time Interval

Treselection

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In all the previous cases, the UE can reselect a new cell only when the following conditions are met: The new cell is better ranked than the serving cell during a time interval Treselections. More than one second has elapsed since the UE camped on the current serving cell.

Parameters of R Criteria
QualMeas
Parameter name: Cell Sel-reselection quality measure Recommended value: CPICH_ECNO For 3G/2G cell reselection, the criterions always is CPICH_RSCP, no matter this parameter is configured as what.

Treselections
Parameter name: Reselection delay time Recommended value: 1, namely 1s

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QualMeas Content: Measurement quantity of cell selection and reselection. It can be set to CPICH Ec/N0 or CPICH RSCP. Value range: CPICH_ECNO(CPICH Ec/N0), CPICH_RSCP(CPICH RSCP) Physical value range: CPICH_ECNO, CPICH_RSCP Physical unit: None Set this parameter through ADD UCELLSELRESEL, query it through LST UCELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD UCELLSELRESEL. Treselections Content: If the signal quality of a neighboring cell is better than that of the serving cell during the specified time of this parameter, the UE reselects the neighboring cell. It is used to avoid ping-pong reselection between different cells. Value range: 0~31 Physical value range: 0~31; step: 1 Physical unit: s Set this parameter through ADD UCELLSELRESEL, query it through LST UCELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD UCELLSELRESEL.

Parameters of R Criteria (Cont.)

IdleQhyst1s
Parameter name: Hysteresis 1 for idle mode Recommended value: 2, namely 4dB

ConnQhyst1s
Parameter name: Hysteresis 1 for connected mode (FACH mode, but only when SIB 12 is implemented, this parameter takes effect. Otherwise, during connected mode, IdleQhyst1s takes effect) Recommended value: 2, namely 4dB

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IdleQhyst1s Content: The hysteresis value of the serving FDD cells in idle mode in case the quality measurement for cell selection and reselection is set to CPICH RSCP. It is related to the slow fading feature of the area where the cell is located. The greater the slow fading variance is, the greater this parameter. Value range: 0~20 Physical value range: 0~40; step: 2 Physical unit: dB Set this parameter through ADD UCELLSELRESEL, query it through LST UCELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD UCELLSELRESEL. ConnQhyst1s Content: The hysteresis value of the serving FDD cells in connected mode in case the quality measurement for cell selection and reselection is set to CPICH RSCP. It is related to the slow fading feature of the area where the cell is located. The greater the slow fading variance is, the greater this parameter . Value range: 0~20 Physical value range: 0~40; step: 2 Physical unit: dB Set this parameter through ADD UCELLSELRESEL, query it through LST UCELLSELRESEL, and modify it through MOD UCELLSELRESEL. Actually, there are IdleQhyst2s and ConnQhyst2s also. But these two parameters are for Ec/No, but 3G-2G cell reselection, just RSCP is considered. So for 3g-2G cell reselection, this two parameters are no meaning.

Parameters of R Criteria (Cont.)

Qoffset1sn
Parameter name: Qoffset1sn Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB

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Qoffset1sn Content: Offset of cell RSCP measurement value in WCDMA/GSM cell selection or reselection when the UE is in idle mode. Value range: -50~+50 Physical value range: -50~+50; step: 1 Physical unit: dB Set this parameter through ADD GSMNCELL LST GSMNCELL MOD GSMNCELL.

Summary
In this course, we have learned:
Two kinds of 2G/3G PLMN division 2G-3G cell reselection relevant parameters 2G-3G cell reselection processing 3G-2G cell reselection algorithm and parameters

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Thank you
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