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Pathology revision

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Identification [diagnosis] Organ [State the name of organ]

Say if the organ is complete, cut opened, cross-sectioned, or only a part of it is present. (Sometimes a group of organs are present. Ex. Group of lymph nodes)

Comment [Description]

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10 things to think of [Jar]

Number External surface Site Size Shape Colour Consistency Contents Cover Capsule Cut section

1.
2. 3. 4. 5.

Caseating tuberculous lymphadenitis. Non-caseating granuloma.

Gumma of testis Gumma of liver

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Non-caseating granuloma. Metastasis in Liver. Ulcerative carcinoma, Colon. Multiple uterine leiomyomata. Benign (mature) cystic teratoma, Ovary. Benign papilloma, Skin.
Compound [Branching], Squamous

6.
7. 8. 9.

Squamous cell carcinoma, Skin. 10. Basal cell carcinoma, Skin.

- Rodent ulcer

11.

Lipoma (benign tumor), Subcutaneous tissue.

Caseating tuberculous lymphadenitis

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Caseating tuberculous lymphadenitis

Organ: Group of lymph nodes

[Sectioned]

Comment:
Lymph node:
Enlarged. Containing caseous material: Dirty, yellow, friable, cheesy-like. Matted together.

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Non-caseating granuloma
Gumma of testis

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Non-caseating granuloma
Gumma of testis

Organ: Testis & spermatic cord [Section] Comment:

Testis: Enlarged. Gumma (lesion):
Multiple in number. Variable in size. Colour: Greyish-white. Shape: Serpigenous outline (irregular). Consistency: Rubbery. Well circumscribed.

Non-caseating granuloma
Gumma of liver

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Non-caseating granuloma
Gumma of liver

Organ: Live. [Slice of sectioned liver] Comment:

Liver:
Slightly enlarged. Irregular external suface.

Gumma:
Single. Subcapsular (Peripheral) Colour: Greyish-white. Shape: Serpigenous outline. Consistency: Rubbery. Well circumscribed.

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Metastasis in Liver

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Metastasis in Liver
Organ: Slice/Piece of liver. [Section] Comment:

Liver:
Enlarged. External surface: Irregular.

Metastatic masses:
Uncapsulated. Irregular sizes and shapes. Invading the surroundings. Number: Multiple. Site: Subcapsular (at periphery). Central umbilications.

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Ulcerative carcinoma, Colon

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Ulcerative carcinoma, Colon

Organ: Piece of colon. [Open] Comment:

Tumor:
Single, Large, Ovoid, Non-capsulated, Irregular, Invading the surronding tissues.

Ulcer:
Number: Single. Size: Large. Edge: Everted & Raised. Margins (Outlines): Irregular. Floor: Dirty, nectoric. Base: Hard, fixed, indurated.

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Multiple uterine leiomyomata

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Multiple uterine leiomyomata

Organ: Uterus, with adenxia [ Section] Comment:

Uterus:
Enlarged. External surface: Irregular (nodular). Narrowing of uterine cavity.

Tumor:
Number: Multiple. Size: Variable. Shape: Regular; oval or rounded. Capsule: Non-capsulated [False capsule]
=> Well-defined, well circumscribed.

Cut section: Whorly appearance.

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Benign (mature) cystic teratoma, Ovary

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Benign (mature) cystic teratoma, Ovary

Organ: Ovary. [Open] Comment:

Ovary:
Enlarged. Replaced by tumor tissue.

Tumor:
Large. Cut section: Unilocular cyst. Lumen: Contains hair, bone, teeth, sebaceous secretions, skin.

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Benign papilloma, Skin

Compound [Branching], Squamous

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Benign papilloma, Skin

Papillary skin lesion

Organ: Skin (excisional biopsy), [Cut section] Comment:

Papilloma:
Large. Enlarged. Cut section: central brownish cores. Covered by skin.

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Squamous cell carcinoma, Skin

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Squamous cell carcinoma, Skin

Organ: Piece of skin. Comment:

Tumor:
Malignant. Single. Non-Capulated. Invading the surroundings.

Ulcer:
Single. Large. Edges: Raised & Everted. Margins: Irregular outline. Floor: Dirty, necrotic. Base: Large, fixed, indurated.

Basal cell carcinoma, Skin - Rodent ulcer

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Basal cell carcinoma, Skin - Rodent ulcer

Organ: Piece of skin. Comment:

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Malignant tumor:
Single. Small. Non-capsulated.

Rodent ulcer:
Number: Single. Size: Small. Edge: Raised, Inverted (rolled in), beaded. Floor: Dirty, necrotic. Margins: Irregular outline. Base: Hard, indurated.

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Lipoma (benign tumor), Subcutaneous tissue

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Lipoma (benign tumor), Subcutaneous tissue

Organ: Piece of skin, subcutaneous tissue. Comment:

Thin capsule. Not invading. Regular. Colour: Yellow. Consistency: Soft. Touch: Greasy. Appearance: Fatty. Cut section: Lobulated surface.

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Things to think of [Slide]

Cells
Arrangement Shape

Stroma C.T.

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A.

B.
C. D. E. F.

Lipoma. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Adenocarcinoma, Colon. Early (Non-caseating) TB. Late (Caseating) TB.

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Lipoma

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Lipoma
Benign tumor Organ: Skin and subcutaneous tissue. Cells:
Adult, mature, fat cells. Aggregated, proliferated.

Stroma:
Thin capsule. Thin traversing connective tissue fibers.

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Lipoma

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Squamous cell carcinoma

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Squamous cell carcinoma

Organ: Skin Dermis containing tumors. Cells:

Arranged in irregular masses cell nests epithelial pearls. Masses:

Outer layer: Columnar Middle layer: Polygonal Inner layer: Flat cells, with central keratinization.

Shape: Pleomorphism, hyperchromatism, few mitotic figures.

Stroma: Scanty C.T. stoma.

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Squamous cell carcinoma

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Squamous cell carcinoma

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Squamous cell carcinoma

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Squamous cell carcinoma

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Basal cell carcinoma

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Basal cell carcinoma

Organ: Skin, ulcerative epidermis. Cells:

Arrangement:
Irregular masses, different in size and shape. Geographical appearance.

Shape:
Tall, columnar/basaloid cells. Peripheral nuclear palisading manner.

Stroma: Retracted C.T. stroma.

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Basal cell carcinoma

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Basal cell carcinoma

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Basal cell carcinoma

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Adenocrcinoma colon

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Adenocrcinoma colon
Organ: Part of colonic wall. Cells:

Glandular arrangement, of different sizes and shapes. Multiple, irregular acini. Shape: Pleomorphism, hyperchromatism, abundant mitotic figures.

Stroma: C.T. stroma between cells.

Adenocrcinoma colon

Adenocrcinoma colon
Normal colon

Adenocarcinoma of colon

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Non-Caseating granuloma

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Non-Caseating granuloma
Early TB in a lymph node. Tubercles:

Multiple. Different in sizes and shapes. Epithelioid macrophages. (Large, faint cytoplasm, elongated vesicular nucleus) Multinucleated giant cells:
Nuclei arranged in horse-shoe pattern [Langhans Giant cells] Nuclei irregularly scattered [Foreign body type]

Non-Caseating granuloma
Early TB

Non-Caseating granuloma
Early TB

Non-Caseating granuloma
Early TB

Non-Caseating granuloma
Early TB

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Tuberculous Caseous Lymphadenitis

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Tuberculous Caseous Lymphadenitis Late TB in a lymph node. Inflammatory cells (epithelioid cells, lymphocytes, Langhans giant cells): Forming poorly-developed tubercles. Large area of caseation:

Homogenous, structureless. Faint, eosinophilic, pink. Granular.

Tuberculous Caseous Lymphadenitis

Tuberculous Caseous Lymphadenitis