Hydrochloric acid

Chemical Description: Chemical Formula: CAS-No: hydrochloric acid HCl 7647-01-0

Commercial form

Hydrochloric acid is a solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl) in water and is commercially available in the following grades: Name Hydrochloric acid, technical grade,30% Percent by weight 30 32 %

Hydrochloric acid can be delivered in rail and road tankers, barges and vessels. In addition Hydrochloric acid is also supplied by pipeline in the Leverkusen, Dormagen and Uerdingen Chemparks. Uses In addition to the chemical industry, hydrochloric acid is used as raw material and auxiliary in many other branches of industry, including for: regeneration of ion exchange resins (e.g. water treatment in power stations) pickling of metal parts (e.g. pickling plants, metal processing) pH adjustment, neutralization (e.g. electroplating pickling baths) production of metal chlorides pulping (e.g. fertilizer industry, food industry) Hydrochloric acid is a colorless to pale-yellow, clear liquid with a pungent odor. Chemically pure hydrochloric acid is colorless, max. Hazen color number 10. The density of hydrochloric acid (20 C) as a function of the percent by weight and the mass concentration of HCl is as follows: Density ( g/ ml) 1.145 1.150 1.155 1.160 1.165 1.185 1.190 Percent by weight (% of HCl) 29.2 30.1 31.1 32.1 33.2 37.3 38.3 Mass concentration (g HCl/liter) 334 347 360 373 386 442 456

Properties

Density=(percentbyweightin%:200)+1

On extended boiling of hydrochloric acid, a proportion by weight of HCl of 20.17 % (azeotrope) is established. The boiling point of the azeotrope at 1013hPa is 110 C. Since commercially available hydrochloric acid has a relatively high vapor pressure, hydrochloric acid vapors are liberated even at room temperature, and the HCl concentration drops. The commencement of solidification of aqueous hydrochloric acid as a function of the proportion by weight of HCl in % is shown in the following diagram:
page 1 of 4 Valid from: 2008-04-21

Hydrochloric acid
Product Datasheet

Hydrochloric acid
Chemical Description: Chemical Formula: CAS-No: hydrochloric acid HCl 7647-01-0

page 2 of 4 Valid from: 2008-04-21

Hydrochloric acid
Product Datasheet

Hydrochloric acid
Chemical Description: Chemical Formula: CAS-No: hydrochloric acid HCl 7647-01-0

Materials

Hydrochloric acid attacks virtually all metals. The following materials are suitable: Nonmetallic: PVC, polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP) with external reinforcement with glass-fiber-reinforced, unsaturated polyester resin; phenolic or cresol resins with fiber reinforcement (e.g. carbon fibers) Metallic (with internal protection): steel/rubber-lined, optionally with additional polypropylene film lining, steel/enameled Other: glass, graphite, tantalum and zirconium

Transport and storage

The provisions of the following hazardous materials regulations apply to the transport of hydrochloric acid: GGVSE for road and rail (international ADR/RID) GGVBinSch for inland waterways GGVSee Transport in rubber-lined rail or road tankers takes place with the product-specific hazardous material label 80/1789. In the event of significant transport accidents, the Leverkusen Safety and Security Control Center must be informed immediately as appropriate assistance is available on standby (Safety Control Center + 49 214 30 99300). Filling: Hydrochloric acid can be transferred from transport containers by means of air pressure (approval of the transport containers for pressure), by pumping or in free outflow. Absorption equipment must be installed. During transfer, rubber hoses can be used as movable parts. During transfer under pressure, hoses with a wire insert or stable reinforcement are necessary (flange connection). For storage, the materials mentioned under "Materials" are suitable. The storage premises must be cool and well ventilated. During venting of the containers (using absorption equipment), the legal provisions must be observed. On warming, e.g. due to sunlight, an increase in pressure occurs in sealed containers, and if the containers are transparent, the content of free chlorine may increase.

page 3 of 4 Valid from: 2008-04-21

Hydrochloric acid
Product Datasheet

Hydrochloric acid
Chemical Description: Chemical Formula: CAS-No: hydrochloric acid HCl 7647-01-0

Hydrochloric acid is classified as slightly hazardous to water (water hazard class 1). Corresponding laws and regulations for water protection must be observed. Health risks Hydrochloric acid is a caustic liquid. Its fumes (hydrogen chloride) have a strong irritant action on eyes and the respiratory tract. The maximum allowable concentration (TRGS 900) for hydrogen chloride is 2 ml/m or 3 mg/m of room air. This level can be reached very quickly in closed rooms without air circulation as a consequence of evaporation from open containers. Safety measures The German Chemical Industry Employers' Liability Insurance Association notesheets (e.g. M 004) must be observed when handling hydrochloric acid. When working with hydrochloric acid, it is imperative that protective goggles be worn. Rubber gloves are advisable. For protection against hydrochloric acid fumes, suitable gas masks should be worn. Body parts coming into contact with hydrochloric acid must be rinsed quickly with water. In the case of frequent handling, a dilute solution of a buffered weak base (e.g. sodium acetate/acetic acid) may be provided for neutralization of the skin (not the eyes!). In the case of eye contact, rinse with water or a special eyewash solution (15 minutes) and immediately consult a physician. For further information, see Material Safety Data Sheets No. 112000012982.
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This information and our technical advice - whether verbal, in writing or by way of trials - are given in good faith but without warranty, and this also applies where proprietary rights of third parties are involved. Our advice does not release you from the obligation to check its validity and to test our products as to their suitability for the intended processes and uses. The application, use and processing of our products and the products manufactured by you on the basis of our technical advice are beyond our control and, therefore, entirely your own responsibility. Our products are sold in accordance with the current version of our General Conditions of Sale and Delivery. Editor: Industrial Operations Basic Chemicals Bayer MaterialScience AG, D-51368 Leverkusen, Germany www.bayermaterialscience.com page 4 of 4 Valid from: 2008-04-21

Contact: e-mail: basicchemicals@bayermaterialscience.com

Hydrochloric acid
Product Datasheet