Suraj Francis Noronha

Assistant Professor Department of Business Administration (MBA)

Shree Devi Institute of Technology (SDIT)

Kenjar, Mangalore - 574142

 Foundation

concepts (8Hours) Foundations of information systems (IS) in business Data & Information, Information as a Resource, Information in organizational Functions, System concepts Components of an IS IS resources Fundamental roles of IS applications in business Trends in IS.

 According

to (Laudon & Laudon, 2006, p. 7) there are five factors to consider when assessing the growing impact of IT on business firms both today and over the next decade:
1. 2. 3. 4.

5.

Internet growth and technological convergence Transformation of the business enterprise Growth of a globally connected economy Growth of knowledge and information based economies Emergence of the digital firm

1. Internet growth and technological convergence

New

business technologies with favorable costs E-Business, e-Commerce, and e-governance Rapid changes in markets and market structure Increased obsolescence of traditional business models

 Flattening

Decentralisation Flexibility Location

independence Low transaction and coordination costs Empowerment Collaborative work and teamwork

3. Growth of a globally connected economy

Management

and control of global market place Competition in world markets Global workgroups Global delivery systems

4. Growth of knowledge and information based economies

Knowledge

and information economies New products and services Knowledge as a central productive and strategic assets Time based competition Shorter product life Turbulent environment Limited employee knowledge base

Categories

of Information on the basis of nature and characteristics Levels of an organisation Decision taken at each level Types of information required at each level Submit by 15th November, 2012 2:15pm

5. Emergence of the digital firm

Digitally

enabled relationships with customers, suppliers and employees Core business processes accomplish using digital networks Digital management of key corporate assets Agile sensing and responding to environmental changes

3rd Generation (2003)

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Intelligence
Knowledge Information

2nd Generation (1996-2002)

Charts

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

1st Generation (1990s)

Data

Data & Information

 Info

systems are transforming business

More

wireless cell phone than land lines More business registered dot-com sites Parcel service providers deliver huge amount of packages Massive shift in media market Newspaper Blog New form of customer feedback Personal publishing

 E-Business

& Internet advertising Flipkart, eBay, Google New security and accounting laws In some countries, business requires to keep emails for 5 years

An IS can be defined as a set of interrelated components that

collect (or retrieve), process, store and distribute information

to support decision making and control, information system may help managers and workers analyze problems, visualize complex subjects and create new products.

People Places Things

Within the organisation or in the environment surrounding it.

 Compared

to the role of heart in the body. Information is the blood. The MIS plays a role of
Information generation Communication Problem identification Helps in the process of decision making

Therefore

it play a major in

Management Administration operation

It creates impact on the organisations functions, performance and productivity. The impact of MIS on the functions of management.
With

good MIS support, the management of marketing, finance, production and personnel becomes more efficient. Cont

Cont The tracking and monitoring of the financial targets becomes easy. The functional managers are informed about the progress, achievement and shortfalls in the activity and the targets. Information and probable trends in various aspects of business. Helps in forecasting and long term perspective planning Creates a structured database and a knowledge base for all the people in the organisation. Saves the managers valuable time. Bring clarity in communication Cont

Cont Discipline and professionalism in its operation Pulls the entire organisation in one direction towards the corporate goals. Computers enables the use of tools and techniques which are impossible to use manually. Improves the decision making ability Clerical work is reduced Creates an information based work culture.

 Strategic

business objectives of Info

Systems
Operational

excellence New products, Services, & Business models Customer & Supplier Intimacy Improved Decisions Making Competitive Advantage Survival

Business Strategy, Rules, Processes

 What

is an Information System Dimensions of Information Systems Business perspective on Info Systems Complementary Assets

Can be defined technically as a set of interrelated components that collect (or retrieve), process, store and distribute information to support decision making and control in an organization.

 Information
A set

systems

of interrelated components Collect (or retrieve), process, store, and distribute information Support decision making and control Help analyze problems, visualize complex subjects, and create new products Contain info about people, places, things

Data

Information

Knowledge

Action

Streams of raw facts representing event

Data have been shaped into forms that are meaningful and helpful to human beings

Activities in an information system

Input

Captures or collects raw data

Convert raw input into a more meaningful form Transfer processed info to the people

Process

Output

Feedback

Help evaluate or correct input

Suppliers

Customers

Organisation

Regulatory Agencies

Stake holders

Competitors

Formal

System Informal System

Manual

systems

Computer-Based

Information System (CBIS)

 Dimensions

of information systems

Using IS effectively requires an understanding

Organizations Managements Technology

 Business

functions

Top Level

Middle Level Operational Level

 Computer

Hardware Computer Software Storage Technology Communication Technology

Organizations perspective

Key elements of an organization Structure, business processes, and culture.

Structure Different levels and specialists Division of labor Organization require many different kinds of skills and people Knowledge workers Data workers Production and service workers

Business functions Sales and marketing, manufacturing and production, finance and accounting, human resources (IS is created to support functions)

Organization coordinate work Through a structured hierarchy

Authority and responsibility Formal rules for accomplishing tasks ex. invoice, customer complaints

Through its business processes

(IS is created to support coordination)

Culture Fundamental sets of assumptions, values, ways of doing things Accepted by most of its members Organizational politics Different levels and specialists create different interests and points of view

Management perspective
Managements job Make sense out of many situations faced by organization Make decisions Formulate action plans to solve organizational problems Set the organizational strategy Allocate the human and financial resources Exercise responsible leadership Create new products and services Re-create the organizations Information & information systems play powerful role

Technology perspective

Computer hardware Software Storage technology Communication technology Network Internet Elastic

Network can be added or removed freely Failures occur in parts of system, the rest will continue to operate

New Universal technology platform

Foundation of new products, services, strategy, and business model Intranet: internal corporate network based on Internet technology Extranet: private intranet extended to authorized users outside the organization Internet service Universal standard for storing, retrieving, formatting, and displaying info

World wide web (W W W)

 Business

perspective on Info Systems

Important instruments for creating values

Real economic value Increase in productivity Increase in revenue Superior long-term strategic positioning Costs of doing business Governmental regulations Environmental demands Required to stay in business

Information value chain

Raw info Systematically acquired Transformed thru various stages Add value to that information Better management decision More efficient business process Higher firm profitability

 Complementary

Assets and Organizational

Capital

Complementary assets

Assets required to derive value from a primary investment

Automobiles

Requires substantial complementary investment in highway, parking lot, ..

Primary Investment: Information Technology Complementary Assets: New business processes Management behavior Organizational culture Training Organizational and management capital Investment in organization and management

 Information

systems is a multidisciplinary

field study
Technical Approach Behavioral Approach Sociotechnical Systems

 Technical

Approach

Mathematically emphasis
Computer science Management science Operations research

 Behavioral

Approach

Concern with behavioral issues

How groups and organizations shape the development of system How systems affect individuals, groups, and organizations Psychology Economics Sociology

 Sociotechnical

systems

The success and failure of information systems are rarely all technical or all behavior Optimal performance is achieved

Jointly optimizing both the social and technical systems Ex: recently installed enterprise-wised financial reporting system

Can not guarantee it will be used

Ex: recently introduced business procedure and process

Can not assure that employee will be more productive

To fit organizational and individual needs

Technology may have to be de-optimized Organization and individual must also be changed Training, learning, Planed organizational change

To allow technology to operate and prosper

Computer Science

Operations Research

Management Science

Sociology

Psychology

Economics

 Kinds

of Information Systems (8Hours) TPS, OAS, MIS, DSS, GDSS, ES, EIS or ESS, Parameters for selecting a suitable Information System.

 Building

and Managing Systems (8Hours) System Analysis and Design Systems Development Life Cycle System Building Approaches Prototyping Rapid Application Development Models.

 Business

value of telecommunication networks (6 Hours) The basics of doing business on the Internetthe Internet revolution the business value of Internet, Intranet and Extranet.

 Business

applications (6 Hours) IT in business: functional business systems cross-functional enterprise systems Enterprise resource planning (ERP)- Customer relationship management (CRM) and Supply chain management (SCM).

 e-Business

and e-Commerce (6 Hours) E-Business systems: e-Business models Enterprise e-Business systems Ecommerce systems Essential e-Commerce processes electronic payment processes e-commerce application trends Web store requirements.

 Organization

& Information Technology (7

Hours) IT Capabilities and their organizational impact Fundamentals of strategic advantage using IT for strategic advantages.

 Management

challenges (7 Hours) Management Issues in MIS: Information Security and Control Quality Assurance Ethical and Social Dimensions Intellectual Property Rights as related to IT Services / IT Products Managing Global Information Systems

 Lab

Sessions relating to

MS Word Developing business presentation with MSPowerPoint MS Excel up to Lookups