The choice of protocol is totally dependent on the policy/architecture of a comp any.

If you have a small network you can use RIP which has a limitation of 16 hops. For slightly larger networks, you can use IGRP which support 256 hops. EIGRP is Cisco's proprietary routing protocol and can expand across very large n etworks. So if you have a Cisco network or do not have any plans to make your large enter prise network multi-vendor, you can go for EIGRP. In case you want this large network to be vendor independent and support all ven dors, you can go for OSPF. Apart from these distinctions, each protocol has specific characteristics which can be considered while selecting them.

hotlink-situs buka-bukaan yg belum 17 jangan buka http://www.techrepublic.com/article/select-the-right-routing-protocol-for-your-n etwork/1040261 Select the right routing protocol for your network By David "Davis CCIE, MCSE+I, SCSA" January 4, 2002, 8:00am PST Many of us work on networks we didn t have the luxury of designing with routing prot ocols we weren t given the chance to choose. But you may be starting a new network , or you may have the opportunity to redesign your existing one. If you're taske d with selecting the best routing protocol for your network, which will you choo se? While there is often a right tool for the job, all routing protocols have their st rengths and weaknesses, and I don t believe that there is a clear-cut best routing protocol that is the right tool for every network. Thus, to help you select the most appropriate routing protocol for your network, I am going to examine the p ros and cons of the best-known routing protocols and offer some guidance on when it makes sense to use one or the other. RIP V1 Routing Information Protocol Origin: Based on RFC 1058 Type of protocol: Distance vector, based on the Bellman-Ford distance vector alg orithm Metric: Hop count Methodology: Selects routers with the lowest hop count; updates other routers by broadcasting the entire routing table to all routers every 30 seconds Ideal topology: Smaller networks that aren t very dynamic, have fewer than 15 hops , and are not subnetted from classful boundaries (see Weaknesses) Strengths: Easy to configure and use Since it has been around so long, it is well known and widely used.

Weaknesses: Limited to a hop count of 15; after a packet travels through 15 routers and still has another router to travel to, it will be discarded. Doesn t support a variable-length subnet mask (VLSM), which means that it send s routing updates based only on a fixed-length subnet mask (FLSM) or routes that fall on classful boundaries. So RIP V1 will not work with a network that has be en subnetted beyond the normal /8, /16, /24 (255.0.0.0, 255.255.0.0, 255.255.255 .0) or Class A, B, and C network boundaries. Converges slowly, especially on large networks Doesn t have knowledge of the bandwidth of a link Doesn t support multiple paths for the same route Routing updates can require significant bandwidth, as the entire routing tab le is sent when a link s status changes Prone to routing loops RIP V2 Routing Information Protocol Origin: Based on RFC 1388 Type of protocol: Distance vector, based on the Bellman-Ford distance vector alg orithm Metric: Hop count Methodology: Selects routers with the lowest hop count; updates other routers by multicasting the entire routing table to all routers every 30 seconds Ideal topology: Smaller networks that aren t very dynamic, have fewer than 15 hops Strengths: Easy to configure and use Since it has also been around so long, it is well known and widely used. Version 2 adds support for VSLM or Classless Internet Domain Routing (CIDR), MD5 Authentication, and route summarization. Weaknesses: Limited to a hop count of 15; after a packet travels through 15 routers and still has another router to travel to, it will be discarded. Converges slowly, especially on large networks Doesn t have knowledge of the bandwidth of a link Doesn t support multiple paths for the same route Routing updates can require significant bandwidth as the entire routing tabl e is sent when a link s status changes Prone to routing loops IGRP Interior Gateway Routing Protocol Origin: Based only on Cisco s implementation, not an Internet RFC Type of protocol: Distance vector, based on the Bellman-Ford distance vector alg orithm Metric: Delay, bandwidth, reliability, and load Methodology: Sends hello packets every five seconds to neighbors to see if the n eighbor is still available; updates other routers by notifying them only when ro

utes change Ideal topology: Any network, small to very large; all routers must be from Cisco . Cannot subnet network beyond classful boundaries. Strengths: Easy to configure and use Uses the delay, bandwidth, reliability, and load of a link as its metric. Th is makes it very accurate in selecting the proper route. Weaknesses: Not an Internet standard; all routers must be from Cisco Systems Converges slowly; slower than RIP Doesn t support VLSM Prone to routing loops Definition Convergence: The process that a routing protocol goes through to alert all route rs on the network of the next available path when the primary path becomes unava ilable. EIGRP Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol Origin: Based only on Cisco s implementation, not an Internet RFC Type of protocol: Hybrid distance vector Metric: Delay, bandwidth, reliability, and load, using the Diffusing Update Algo rithm (DUAL) Methodology: Sends hello packets every five seconds to neighbors (can interopera te with IGRP) to see if the neighbors are still available; updates other routers by notifying them only when routes change Ideal topology: Any network, small to very large; all routers must be Cisco Strengths: Uses DUAL to provide very quick convergence and a loop-free network Supports IP and IPX Requires less CPU than OSPF (see next section) Requires little bandwidth for routing updates Supports VLSM or CIDR Uses the delay, bandwidth, reliability, and load of a link as its metric; th is makes it very accurate in selecting the proper route Offers backward compatibility with IGRP Weaknesses: Not an Internet standard; all routers must be from Cisco Systems OSPF V2 Open Shortest Path First [Note that version 1 of OSPF was never implemented.] Origin: Based on RFC 2328 Type of protocol: Link-state, runs the Dijkstra algorithm to calculate the short est-path first (SPF) tree

Metric: Calculates the cost to traverse router links to get to the destination, taking the bandwidth of the links into account Methodology: Develops adjacencies with its neighbors, periodically sending hello packets to neighbors, flooding changes to neighbors when a link s status changes, and sending paranoia updates to neighbors every 30 minutes of all recent link sta te changes Ideal topology: Any network, small to very large Strengths: Converges quickly, compared to a distance vector protocol Routing update packets are small, as the entire routing table is not sent Not prone to routing loops Scales very well to large networks Recognizes the bandwidth of a link, taking this into account in link selecti on Supports VLSM or CIDR Supports a long list of optional features that many of the other protocols d o not Weaknesses: More complex to configure and understand than a distance vector protocol Final word Just to clarify this comparison, one way routing protocols are classified is acc ording to how they are used. Interior routing protocols are used within a single domain on your interior network. Also called an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) , this is the type of routing protocol you usually think of using for your inter nal network. The protocols we looked at in this article are all IGPs. Note that I omitted a few of the lesser-known interior routing protocols to keep the discu ssion reasonably short. These include IS-IS, NLSP, RTMP, and IPX RIP. Another type of routing protocol is an exterior routing protocol, or Exterior Ga teway Protocol (EGP). These protocols maintain routing information for networks that are external to your network. An EGP doesn t know how to deliver data within your network, just how to deliver data outside your network. While a variety of IGPs are currently used, about the only EGP in use today is the Border Gateway P rotocol (BGP). This is the routing protocol of the Internet. From talking with administrators who manage a variety of networks, the consensus is that OSPF is becoming the most popular interior routing protocol today. I wo uld recommend OSPF or EIGRP for any new network, based on their popularity, flex ibility, and fast convergence. Of course, the choice is yours based on the requi rements of your network. This article should help you get a better understanding of your options.