Rajesh Punjabi GR616 - Making Ideas Visible Influences Zuzana Licko Zuzana Licko, born in 1961 in Czechoslovakia, emigrated

to California at a young age with her family. Licko spent many summers helping her father, a biomathematician at the University of California, with data processing. She entered the University of California at Berkeley in 1981 with architecture as her intended major. However, uncomfortable with some of the business aspects of the industry she switched her focus to the visual arts and graduated with a degree in visual communications in 1984 from the College of Environmental Design at Berkeley. Despite her distaste for calligraphy, which forced the left-handed designer to write with her right hand, Licko developed a passion for fonts. During this time at Berkeley she met Rudy VanderLans, a dutch graduate photography student who would soon be her husband. The couple were introduced to the first Macintosh, one of the first personal computer systems designed by Apple in 1984. The device allowed them to explore new tools and methods of design including digital typeface designs. Together they founded Emigre Graphics which known for publishing Emigre, a magazine originally created with an intention to showcase artists, poets, and architects (Figure 4.1). The first issue was released in 11.5 x 17 format with basic typewriter type in 1984 (Figure 4.2). Licko utilized the capabilities of their Macintosh computer and began to create fonts for the following issue. After receiving several inquiries about the fonts used in issue two, advertisements for the sale of the fonts were included in issue three. Emigre would soon develop into a magazine in which the couple displayed and distributed fonts. VanderLans would be the editor while Licko was responsible for the fonts. Matrix, one of the earlier fonts released for the publication in 1987, along with Modula had a geometric structure that provided VanderLans with contrast to his unconventional layout designs (Figures 4.3 & 4.4). Licko is most known for Filosofia and Mrs. Eaves fonts. Filosofia, her own rendition of the existing Bodoni font which she admired, was designed to allow for easy modification between text and computer use (Figure 4.5). Mrs Eaves, a font derived from the classical serif font Baskerville, was named after the Baskervilles lover and would be a somewhat stylized version of the original (Figure 4.6). The exposure that was induced by the distribution of the magazine created the need for Emigre Fonts, a software sold by Emigre that contains the typefaces designed by Licko (Figure 4.7). In 1994, the couple won the Chrysler Design Award, an award that recognizes innovators in the fields of architecture and design and their impact on modern american culture. Their work on Emigre would lead to several other awards including the Publish Magazine Impact Award in 1996, a Gold Medal from the American Institute for Graphic Arts in 1997, and the Charles Nyples Award in Innovation in Typography in 1998. The publication would go on to release a total of 69 issues until 2005, with the last issue entitled, The End (Figure 4.8). Licko and VanderLans continue to sell their fonts and software on the Emigre website and Licko released Mr Eaves Sans and Modern in 2009 (Figure 4.9).

Figure 4.1

[Pg 2, Left] Emigre 1 (Cover). The Magazine That Ignores Boundaries (1984). Emigre Graphics. Features work by John Hersey, Menno Meyjes, Jacques Overhoff, Terry Trucco, Rudy VanderLans, Marc Susan, Gavin Flint, Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Tom Klinkowstein and many others. [Pg 2, Right] Emigre 1 (Sample Page). The Magazine That Ignores Boundaries (1984) [Pg 3, Top Left] Matrix Font. Designed by Zuzana Licko in 1986 [Pg 3, Second down, Left] Modula Font. Designed by Zuzana Licko in 1985 [Pg 3, Third down, Left] Filosofia Font. Designed by Zuzana Licko in 1996 [Pg 3, Bottom Left] Mrs. Eaves Font. Designed by Zuzana Licko in 1996 [Pg 3, Top Right] Emigre Fonts Logo. Emigre Graphics. Logo used for font software sales. [Pg 3, Middle Right] Emigre 69. The End (2005). Emigre Graphics. Features a behind-the-scenes look at the history of Emigre magazine, while our contributors and colleagues bid us farewell. It was quite an experience. Co-published by Princeton Architectural Press. [Pg 3, Bottom Right] Mr. Eaves Font. Designed by Zuzana Licko in 2009

Figure 4.2 Figure 4.3 Figure 4.4 Figure 4.5 Figure 4.6 Figure 4.7 Figure 4.8

Figure 4.9 2