October 20 - 22, 2011 ICC JEJU, Korea

Organized by
The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistry Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University The National Center for GM Crops (RDA)

Supported by
Korean Federation of Science and Technology Societies BK21 Project Team at Graduate School of Biotechnology (Kyung Hee University) School of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering (Myongji University) Center for Nutraceutical & Pharmaceutical Materials (RDA) Systems & Synthetic Agrobiotech Center (RDA) The Export Promotion Research Organization for Korean Citrus, Jeju National University

Contents
Floor Plan 2 Schedule 3

Plenary Lecture 73

Award Lectures 77

Invited Lectures 83

Poster Session 125

Author Index 239

Floor Plan

2 |

Schedule
October 20, Thu.
Time
13:00-13:40 13:40-14:00 14:00-14:50 Plenary Lecture

Program
Registration Opening Ceremony Prof. Scott X. Chang (University of Alberta, Canada) Biochemistry Bioactive Materials Molecular Biology Natural Product IL-A1 IL-A2 IL-B1 IL-B2 Coffee break Award Lectures AL-1 AL-2 Poster Session () Strategy Meeting (The National Center for GM Crops) Welcome Reception Environmental Sciences Food Science IL-C1 IL-C2 IL-C3 [IL-A]

Place
Lobby Halla A

[IL-B]

[IL-C]

14:50-16:10

Invited Lectures

Halla A

Samda A Lobby Halla A Lobby Delizia

Samda B

16:10-16:30 16:30-17:10 17:10-17:50 17:50-18:40 18:40-20:30

October 21, Fri.

Time
09:00-10:00

Program
Registration Biochemistry Bioactive Materials Molecular Biology Natural Product Environmental Sciences Food Science IL-C4 IL-C5 IL-C6 IL-C7 [IL-A]

Place
Lobby [IL-B] [IL-C]

10:00-12:00

Invited Lectures

IL-A3 IL-A4 IL-A5

IL-B3 IL-B4 IL-B5 Lunch Poster Session ()

Halla A

Samda A Delizia Lobby

Samda B

12:00-13:30 13:30-14:20 IL-A6 14:20-16:20 Invited Lectures IL-A7 IL-A8 16:20-17:00

IL-B6 IL-B7 IL-B8 IL-B9

IL-C8 IL-C9 IL-C10 IL-C11

Halla A

Samda A Halla A

Samda B

General Assembly Meeting / Closing Ceremony

October 22, Sat.

Time
09:00-

Program
Research Institute Tour
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PL

Plenary Lecture

October 20 (Thu) Chair: Hee-Myong Ro (Seoul National University, Korea) PL 14:00-14:50 Scott X. Chang (University of Alberta, Canada)

AL

Award Lectures

October 20 (Thu) Chair: Baek-Hie Nahm (Myongji University, Korea) AL-1 AL-2 16:30-17:10 17:10-17:50 Suk-Tae Kwon (Sungkyunkwan University, Korea Hor-Gil Hur (Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Korea)

IL-A

Invited Lectures A (BiochemistryMolecular Biology)

October 20 (Thu) Chair: In Sik Chung (Kyung Hee University, Korea) IL-A1 IL-A2 14:50-15:30 15:30-16:10 Shigeru Shigeoka (Kinki University, Japan) Zuhua He (Chinese Academy of Sciences, China)

October 21 (Fri) Chair: Key Zung Riu (Jeju National University, Korea) IL-A3 IL-A4 IL-A5 10:00-10:40 10:40-11:20 11:20-12:00 Seth Jon Davis (Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Germany) Hans J. Bohnert (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA) Min Gab Kim (Gyeongsang National University, Korea) Chair: Bon Sung Koo (National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Korea) IL-A6 IL-A7 IL-A8 14:20-15:00 15:00-15:40 15:40-16:20 Woe-Yeon Kim (Gyeongsang National University, Korea) Pyung Ok Lim (Jeju National University, Korea) Donghern Kim (National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Korea)

4 |

IL-B

Invited Lectures B (Bioactive MaterialsNatural Product)

October 20 (Thu) Chair: Chu Won Nho (Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Korea) IL-B1 IL-B2 14:50-15:30 Hyung-In Moon (Dong-A University, Korea) 15:30-16:10 Ki Won Lee (Seoul National University, Korea)

October 21 (Fri) Chair: Sang Ick Park (Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Korea) IL-B3 IL-B4 IL-B5 10:00-10:40 Essam Abdel-Sattar (Cairo University, Egypt) 10:40-11:20 Hossam M. Abdallah (King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia) 11:20-12:00 Ronald J. Nachman (U.S. Department of Agriculture, USA) Chair: Se-Ho Kim (Research Center of the Green Cross Corp.,Korea) IL-B6 IL-B7 IL-B8 IL-B9 14:20-14:50 Moonsup Jeong (Genexine Co., Ltd., Korea) 14:50-15:20 Seung Kook Park (HanAll BioPharma Co., Ltd., Korea) 15:20-15:50 Hae Joon Park (Seegene, Inc., Korea) 15:50-16:20 Se-Ho Kim (Research Center of the Green Cross Corp., Korea)

IL-C

Invited Lectures C (Environmental SciencesFood Science)

October 20 (Thu) Chair: Yong Sik Ok (Kangwon National University, Korea) IL-C1 IL-C2 IL-C3 14:50-15:20 Sren Thiele-Bruhn (University of Trier, Germany) 15:20-15:50 Dimitris Dermatas (National Technical University of Athens, Greece) 15:50-16:20 Sang Soo Lee (Kangwon National University, Korea)

October 21 (Fri) Chair: Young-Son Cho (Kyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Korea) IL-C4 IL-C5 IL-C6 IL-C7 10:00-10:30 Sunmin Park (Hoseo University, Korea) 10:30-11:00 Seung-Koo Yang (Jeollanam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Korea) 11:00-11:30 Deok Hyun Moon (Chosun University, Korea) 11:30-12:00 Kwon-Rae Kim (National Institute of Environment Research, Korea) Chair: Yong Bok Lee (Gyeongsang National University, Korea) IL-C8 IL-C9 IL-C10 IL-C11 14:20-14:50 Jin-Wook Kwon (Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Rep. of Korea) 14:50-15:20 Jaeyoung Choi (Korea Institute of Science and Technology-Gangneung Institute, Korea) 15:20-15:50 Riaz A. Khattak (KPK Agricultural University, Pakistan) 15:50-16:20 Yohey Hashimoto (Mie University, Japan)

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Poster Session
| Poster Session
PBC PBM PES PFM BiochemistryMolecular Biology Bioactive MaterialsNatural product PesticidesEnvironmental Sciences Food ScienceMicrobiology

| Poster Presentation & October 20(Thu) 13:00 - October 21(Fri) 16:00

Session Date October 20(Thu) 13:00 - 20:00 October 21(Fri) 10:00 - 16:00 Place #81-160 #75-148 Lobby, 3F #30-58 #34-67 #1-80 #1-74 #1-29 #1-33 PBC PBM PES PFM

6 |

Plenary Lecture
October 20 (Thu), 14:00-14:50, Halla A Chair: Hee-Myong Ro (Seoul National University, Korea) PL 14:00 - 14:50
Understanding C and N Cycling for Managing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Managed Ecosystems Scott X. Chang Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E3

Award Lectures
October 20 (Thu), 16:30-17:50, Halla A Chair: Baek-Hie Nahm (Myongji University, Korea)

AL-1

16:30 - 17:10
Unique Substrate Spectrum and Novel Hot-start PCR Application of Nanoarchaeum equitans Family B DNA Polymerase Suk-Tae Kwon Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Cheoncheon-Dong, Jangan-Gu, Suwon 440-746, Korea

AL-2

17:10 - 17:50
New Insight into Biological Synthesis of Nanomaterials and Their Applications Hor-Gil Hur School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Korea

Invited Lectures
IL-A BiochemistryMolecular Biology (Halla A)
October 20 (Thu), 14:50-16:10, Halla A Chair: In Sik Chung (Kyung Hee University, Korea) IL-A1 14:50 - 15:30
Molecular Engineering of Environmental Stress Tolerance and High Yield in Plants Shigeru Shigeoka Dept. Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University, Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan
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IL-A2

15:30 - 16:10
Biosynthesis of Camalexin and SA-Asp by a GH3 Amido Synthase in Arabidopsis Zuhua He Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China

October 21 (Fri), 10:00-16:20, Halla A Chair: Key Zung Riu (Jeju National University, Korea)

IL-A3

10:00 - 10:40
Effector Binding to a Co-repressor Complex Sustains the Plant Circadian Oscillator as a Light-responsive Process Seth Jon Davis Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Carl-von-Linn Weg 10, 50829 Kln, Germany

IL-A4

10:40 - 11:20
Understanding Stress Tolerance through Genomics Hans J. Bohnert , Dae-Jin Yun , Ray A Bressan and laboratories
1 1* 2 3

Department of Plant Biology and Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA, 2Division of Applied Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Korea, 3Department of Bological Sciences, King Abdulazziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

IL-A5

11:20 - 12:00
Arabidopsis Iap-like Protein Lacks a Bir Domain and Attenuates Cell Death in Plant and Animal Systems Min Gab Kim Department Pharmacy, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea

Chair: Bon Sung Koo (National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Korea)

IL-A6

14:20 - 15:00
Release of SOS2 Kinase from Sequestration with GIGANTEA Determines Extreme Salt Tolerance Woe-Yeon Kim1*, Zahir Ali1, Su Jung Park1, Hee Jin Park1, Joon-Yung Cha1, Javier Perez-Hormaeche2, Francisco 2 1 1 1 4 1 Javier Quintero , Gilok Shin , Mi Ri Kim , Zhang Qiang , Muppala Reddy , Hyeong Cheol Park , Sang Yeol 1 1,3,4 2 1,5,6 1* Lee , Ray A. Bressan , Jose M. Pardo , Hans J. Bohnert , Dae-Jin Yun 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, 2 Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660701, South Korea, Instituto de Recursos 3 Naturales y Agrobiologia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41012 Sevilla, Spain, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA, 4Center for Plant Stress Genomics and Technology, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, 5 6 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Department of Plant Biology , Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL61801,USA

8 |

IL-A7

15:00 - 15:40
Molecular Systems Biology of Aging and Senescence in Arabidopsis Pyung Ok Lim1*, Ji HyungJ un2, Seung Hee Choi2, Il-Hwan Lee2, Yu Wang Kim2, Hye Ryun Woo4, Dae Hee Whang3 2,3 and Hong Gil Nam 1 Department of Science Education & Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea, 2Division of Molecular Life Sciences ,3School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and 4 Bioengineering, POSTECH, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea, Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

IL-A8

15:40 - 16:20
Photosynthetic Carbon Exchange Rates as an Indicator for the Identification of Genetic and Biochemical Factors to Improve Crop Yield Productivities Donghern Kim , Gang-Seob Lee, An-Cheol Chang, Keun-Pyo Lee, Soo-Jin Kim Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, NAAS, RDA
*

IL-B

Bioactive MaterialsNatural Product (Samda A)

October 20 (Thu), 14:50-16:10, Samda A Chair: Chu Won Nho (Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Korea)

IL-B1

14:50 - 15:30
A Focused New Natural Drug Development within Attractive Therapy Areas Hyung-In Moon Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea

IL-B2

15:30 - 16:10
Identification of Molecular Targets for the Development of Pharmaceuticals from Naturally Occurring Phytochemcals Ki Won Lee Center for Personalized Food-Medicine System Development, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea

October 21 (Fri), 10:00-16:20, Samda A Chair: Sang Ick Pakk (Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Korea) IL-B3 10:00 - 10:40
Saudi Medicinal Plants: Future for New Drug Discovery Essam Abdel-Sattar Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

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IL-B4

10:40 - 11:20
Lead Compounds from Natural Resources Hossam M. Abdallah Natural Product Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King AbdulAziz University, Saudi Arabia

IL-B5

11:20 - 12:00
Analogs of Insect Neuropeptides As Rational Tools for Development of Novel Pest Control Ronald J. Nachman Areawide Pest Management Research, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, USDA, 2881 F/B Road, College Station, TX 77845, USA

Chair: Se-Ho Kim (Research Center of the Green Cross Corp., Korea) IL-B6 14:20 - 14:50
Potent Immunotherapy for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasm Using DNA Vaccine Encoding Human Papillomavirus E6/E7 Fusion Antigen Moonsup Jeong Gene Vaccine Project Team, Research Institute of Genexine Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi, Korea

IL-B7

14:50 - 15:20
Molecular Engineering of TNF Receptor I (p55) Fragment and Its Application for the Treatment of Local Inflammatory Disease * Eun Sun Kim, Jae Kap Jeong, Ha Na Kim, Yeon Jung Song, Jeonghaing Heo, Seung Kook Park Biotechnology Research Center, HanAll BioPharma Co., Ltd., 12F Gyeonggibio-Center, 864-1, Iui-dong, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 443-270

IL-B8

15:20 - 15:50
Introduction of Molecular Diagnostics and Its Application Hae Joon Park Seegene, Inc., Korea

IL-B9

15:50 - 16:20
Overview of Antibody Industries & Therapeutic Antibody Development in the Green Cross Se-Ho Kim Research Center of the Green Cross Corp., Yongin, Korea

IL-C

Environmental SciencesFood Science (Samda B)

October 20 (Thu), 14:50-16:10, Samda B Chair: Yong Sik Ok (Kangwon National University, Korea)

IL-C1

14:50 - 15:20
Veterinary Antibiotics in Agricultural Soils - Fate, Effects and Policy Regulations Sren Thiele-Bruhn Soil Science, University of Trier, Campus II-Behringstr. 21, D-54286 Trier, Germany

10 |

IL-C2

15:20 - 15:50
Mechanisms of Stabilization/Immobilization of Heavy Metals in the Geoenvironment Dimitris Dermatas Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5, Heroon Polytechniou Str., 15780 Athens, Greece

IL-C3

15:50 - 16:20
Polyacrylamide Amendment for Erosion and Runoff Control on Soils of Differing Characteristics Sang Soo Lee, Yong Sik Ok* Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea

October 21 (Fri), 10:00-16:20, Samda B Chair: Young-Son Cho (Kyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Korea) IL-C4 10:00 - 10:30
The Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Traditional Korean Foods Sunmin Park

Dept. of Food & Nutrition, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea

IL-C5 10:30 - 11:00
Research of Organic Vegetables Grown in Green House with No-tillage Seung-Koo Yang1*, Youn-Won Seo1, Gil-Ho Shin1, Hee-Kwon Kim1, Jong-Dae Park1, Kyung-Ju Choi1, 1 2 Min-Soo Park ,Woo-Jin Jung 1 Environment-Friendly Agriculture Research Institute, Jeollanam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, 206-7 Snjeri Sanpomyeon, Najusi, Jionnam, 520-715, Korea, 2College of Agricultural & Life Sciences, Chonnam Nat'l Univ., Kwangju, 500-757, Korea

IL-C6

11:00 - 11:30
Small Scale Pilot Study for the Immobilization of As, Cu and Pb in Contaminated Soil Using Waste Resources Deok Hyun Moon1*, Kyung Hoon Cheong2, Jeehyeong Khim3, Tae Sung Kim4, Yong Sik Ok5 and Yoon-Young Chang6 1 2 Department of Environmental Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, 501-759, Korea, Department of Environmental Engineering and BK21 Team for Biohydrogen Production, Chosun University, Gwangju, 501-759, Korea, 3Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, 4 5 Korea, Haechun ETS Co., Ltd., Boryeong, 355-140, Korea, Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea, 6Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 139-701, Korea

IL-C7

11:30 - 12:00
Immobilizer Assisted Management of Metal Contaminated Agricultural Soils for Safer Food Production Kwon-Rae Kim1,2*, Jeong-Sik Park1,Min-SuckKim1, and Jeong-Gyu Kim1 1 Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, 2 Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Han-River Environment Research Center, 627 Yangsu-ri, Yangseo-myeon, Yangpyeong-kun, Kyounggi-do, Republic of Korea

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11

Chair: Yong Bok Lee (Gyeongsang National University, Korea)

IL-C8

14:20 - 14:50
Environmental Fates of Sulfonamides and Tetracyclines Jin-Wook Kwon Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency (QIA), Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Rep. of Korea, 620-2 Amnam-dong, Seo-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea

IL-C9

14:50 - 15:20
Passivation of Sulfide Mineral Oxidation Used by Coating Agent: Field Study Jaeyoung Choi Korea Institute of Science and Technology- Gangneung Institute, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung 210-340, Korea

IL-C10

15:20 - 15:50
Trace Elements in Soil and Environment Riaz A. Khattak Soil & Environ. Sciences, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, KPK Agricultural University, Peshawar, Pakistan

IL-C11

15:50 - 16:20
Soil Nickel and the Nutrition of Plants in Serpentine Geology of Japan Yohey Hashimoto Department of Bioresource Sciences, Mie University, 1577 Kurima-machiya, Mie 514-8507, Japan

Poster Session
PBC PBM PES PFM BiochemistryMolecular Biology Bioactive MaterialsNatural product PesticidesEnvironmental Sciences Food ScienceMicrobiology

PBC
PBC-1

BiochemistryMolecular Biology
Interaction of Nectarin 4 with a Fungal Protein and Defense Mechanism in Nectar Sanggyu Park1*, Robert Thornburg2, William York3 1 Division of Life & Environmental Science, Daegu University, 2Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & 3 4 Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Department of Biochemistry, University of Georgia, Department of Biology, Keimyung University

12 |

PBC-2

Petunia Nectar Proteins Have Ribonuclease Activity Sanggyu Park1*, Robert Thornburg2, Gustavo MacIntosh2 1 Division of Life & Environmental Science, Daegu University, 2Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University Identification of S-RNase and Peroxidase in Petunia Nectar 1* 2 2 Sanggyu Park , Robert Thornburg , Gustavo MacIntosh 1 Division of Life & Environmental Science, Daegu University, 2Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University Characteristics of Adhesive Disks in Parthenocissus tricuspidata during Attachment Sanggyu Park1*, Myung Hui Lee2, InSun Kim2 1 2 Division of Life & Environmental Science, Daegu University, Department of Biology, Keimyung University Ultrastructural Features of Plastids within Spirodela polyrhiza 1* 2 Sanggyu Park , InSun Kim 1 Division of Life & Environmental Science, Daegu University, 2Department of Biology, Keimyung University Mutation of Sbustrate Entry Way and Changes in the Activities of Alanine Racemase from E.coli Han-Chul Kang*, Chang-Muk Lee, Sang-Hong Yoon Rural Development Administration, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Dept. of Functional Bio-material, Suwon 441-707, KOREA Compositional Comparative Analysis between Insect-resistant Rice with a Synthetic cry1Ac Gene and Its Nontransgenic Counterpart Soo-Yun Park, Jae Kwang Kim*, Si Myung Lee, Jin-Hyoung Lee, Soon Jong Kweon, Seok-Cheol Suh National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea Novel Immunostimulatory Phosphodiester Oligodeoxynucelotides Containing CpT Sequences Isolated from Bacterial Chromosomal DNA Dongbum Kim1, Sanghoon Kwon1, Byoung Kwon Park1, Younghee Lee2, Hyung-Joo Kwon1* 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Gangwon-do, 200-702, Republic of 2 Korea, Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea Molecular Analysis and Bacterial Blight Screening for Resveratrol Rice Yang Qin1, Myung-Ho Lim1, So-Hyeon Baek2, Hong-Il Ahn1, Jin-Hyoung Lee1, Kong-Sik Shin1, Hee-Jong Woo1, Yong-Hwan Park1, Seok-Cheol Suh1, Soon-Jong Kweon1* 1 2 Biosafety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea, Rice Breeding and Cultivation Research Division,, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA,, Iksan 570-080, Korea Phytase Activity from Leaves of Daisy Fleabane, Erigeron annuus Pilsun Shin, Jajung Ku, Kyung Choi*, Kwang-Woo Park Dept. of Forest Resource Conservation, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon 487-821, Korea Analysis of Microbial Community in the Rhizosphere Soil of Transgenic Soybean Kijong Lee, Jong-Sug Park*, Mi-sun Lee, Soo-In Sohn, Sung-Dug Oh, Jang-Yong Lee, Seok-Choel Suh, Soon-Jong Kweon Biosafety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon, 441-707, Korea
www.ksabc.or.kr |

PBC-3

PBC-4

PBC-5

PBC-6

PBC-7

PBC-8

PBC-9

PBC-10

PBC-11

13

PBC-12

Environmental Assessment of Soil Microbial Community to Herbicide Resistant Chinese Cabbage Soo-In Sohn1, Jong-Sug Park1*, Young-Ju Oh2, Jin Hye Jin1, So-Young Lee1, Ki-Jong Lee1, Sung-Dug Oh1, Tae-Hoon Ryu1, Jang-Yong Lee1, Seok-Choel Suh1 1 2 Biosafety Divisioin, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea, Korea Biodiversity Research Center, Phochon 487-711, Korea Evaluation and Assessment of Biosafety for Golden Rice (PAC) : Progeny Study through Multiple Generations Sung-Dug Oh, Jong-Sug Park*, Ki-Jong Lee, Soo-In Sohn, Myung Ja Kang, Jang-Yong Lee, Tae-Hoon Ryu, Jae-Kwang Kim, Sun-Hwa Ha, Seok-Cheol Suh Biosafety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon, 441-707 Evaluation and Assessment of Biosafety forBt Rice : Responses of Cyprinus carpio Fed on Bt-transgenic Rice Variety Sung-Dug Oh1, Dae-Yong Lee2, Ki-Jong Lee1, Soo-In Sohn1, Myung Ja Kang1, Jang-Yong Lee1, Tae-Hoon Ryu1, 1 1* Seok-Cheol Suh , Jong-Sug Park 1 Biosafety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon, 441-707, Korea, 2Korea Testing & Research Institute, Kimpo, 415-871, Korea Isolation and Characterization of Asc1, a Potential Scaffold Protein in the AbFus3 Signaling Cascade of Alternaria brassicicola 1,2 1* Houjuan Xu , Kwang-Hyun Baek 1 School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 2College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University Engineering of Potato Plant (Solanum tuberosum) for the Production of Taxadiene Md. Mohidul Hasan, Kwang-Hyun Baek* School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University Rapid Determination of Transgene Copy Number in Progeny of TMT and TC Transgenic Rice by TaqMan Real-time PCR * Kong Sik Shin , Hee Jong Woo, Myung Ho Lim, Jin Hyoung Lee, Hong Il Ahn, Yang Qin, Soon Jong Kweon, Seok Cheol Suh Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science(NAAS), RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea Application of a Polymerase Chain Reaction with a Disposable Detection Device for the Identification of a Regulatory Gene Introduced into GM Maize Hee-Jong Woo1*, Chan-Mi Chung1, Kong-Sik Shin1, Myung-Ho Lim1, Ki-Jong Lee1, Yong-Gu Cho2, Soon-Jong Kweon1, and Seok-Cheol Suh1 1 National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea Kinetic Studies of Phosphofructokinase from Rat Muscle Yong-Kweon Cho* Department of Biochemistry and Health Science, Changwon National University, Sarimdong, Euchang-Gu, Changwon National University

PBC-13

PBC-14

PBC-15

PBC-16

PBC-17

PBC-18

PBC-19

14 |

PBC-20

Reaction Mechanism of Citrate Synthase from Rabbit Kidney Yong-Kweon Cho* Department of Biochemistry and Health Science, Changwon National University, Sarimdong, Euchang-Gu, Changwon, Gyeongnam 641-773 Improvement of Toleracne against Biotic/abiotic Stresses through the Regulation of Programmed Cell Death and Vitamin E Production in Rice Il-Pyung Ahn* Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea Biosynthesis of Flavonoid O-Xyloside in Engineered Escherichia coli * Jeong-A Yoon, Joong-Hoon Ahn , Bong-Gyu Kim Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea Creation of Glycosyltransferase Having Dual Sugar Selectivity by Swapping Domains Su Hyun Sung, Joong-Hoon Ahn*, Bong-Gyu Kim Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea Production of Chlorogenic Acid in Escherichia coli Woo Dam Jeong, Joong-Hoon Ahn*, Bong-Gyu Kim Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea Biosynthesis of a Novel Flavonoid Glycoside in Escherichia coli * Woo-Joo Lee, Joong-Hoon Ahn , Bong-Gyu Kim Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea Biosynthesis of Quercetin-3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside in Escherichia coli Hyeon Jeong Kim, Joong-Hoon Ahn*, Bong Gyu Kim Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea Potato LEA Protein, StLEA, Involved in Drought Tolerance Ji-Eun Choi2, Dool Yi Kim2* National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-701, Republic of Korea Arabidopsis ROP-interactive CRIB Motif-containing Protein 1 (RIC1) Positively Regulates Auxin Signaling and Negatively Regulates ABA Signaling during Root Development Yunjung Choi1, Yuree Lee2, Soo Young Kim3, Jong Bum Kim1, Hyun Uk Kim1, Jae-Ung Hwang2, Youngsook Lee2* 1 2 Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, POSTCH-UZH Global research Laboratory, Division of Molecular life sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 3 Department of Agricultural Life Science, Chonnam National University
www.ksabc.or.kr |

PBC-21

PBC-22

PBC-23

PBC-24

PBC-25

PBC-26

PBC-27

PBC-28

15

PBC-29

Metabolic Engineering for Production of Industrial Oils in Transgenic Plants Hyun-A Shin, Kyeong-Ryeol Lee, Jong Bum Kim, Hyun Uk Kim* Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA Phospholipid: Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase, PDAT1-2 from Castor Bean Enhances Hydroxy Fatty Acid Accumulation in Transgenic Plants * Su Jin Jung, Kyeong-Ryeol Lee, Jong Bum Kim, Hyun Uk Kim Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA Molecular Characterization and Functional Analysis of Four FAD2 Genes from Brassica napus Kyeong-Ryeol Lee1, Young Sam Go2, Jin Hee Jung3, Jong Bum Kim1, Kyung Hee Roh1, Mi Chung Suh3, Hyun Uk Kim1* 1 2 Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Department of Plant Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, 3Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University Molecular Cloning of Two FAD2 Genes from American Grape (Vitis labrusca L.) and Functional Analysis in fad2 Arabidopsis Plant 1 1 1 2 3 1 Yuri Choi , Kyeong-Ryeol Lee , Sun Hee Kim , Young Sam Go , Sung Min Cheong , Kyung Hee Roh , 1 4 1* Jong Bum Kim , Mi Chung Suh , Hyun Uk Kim 1 Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, 2Department of 3 Plant Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Department of Horticultural Crop Research, National 4 Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University

PBC-30

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Acanthopanax senticosus Has Heme Oxygenase-1 Signaling-dependent Effect on Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS-stimulated Macrophages 1 3 3 3 2 1 Hye Soo Kim , Sun Young Park , Eun Yeon Ryu , Young Hun Kim , Geuntae Park , Hyeng Sik Son , Sang Joon Lee1* 1 Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea, 2Institute for Research & 3 Industry Cooperation, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea, Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea
Anti-inflammatory Activity of Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam through Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression via Nrf-2 and p38 MAPK Signaling in Macrophages Gwi Hae Jin1, Sun Young Park2, Eun Yeon Ryu2, Young Hun Kim2, Geuntae Park3, Sang Joon Lee1* 1 2 Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea, Bio-IT Fusion Technology 3 Research Institute, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea, Institute for Research & Industry Cooperation, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea Characterization of Brassica rapa GIGANTEA Related to Regulation of Flowering Time Jin A Kim1*, Woe Yeon Kim2, Joon Ki Hong1, Jung Sun Kim1, Yeon-Hee Lee1 1 Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 224 Suinro Gwonseon-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 441-707, Republic of Korea, 2Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, #900 Gajwa-dong, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea

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Discerning the Flowering Type of Brassica Crop by PCR Marker Jin A Kim*, Jung Sun Kim, Joon Ki Hong, Yeon-Hee Lee, Soo In Lee Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 224 Suinro Gwonseon-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 441-707, Republic of Korea Expression of Brassica rapa SHI Family Genes Regulate Growth and Development in Arabidopsis * Joon Ki Hong , Jin A Kim, Jung Sun Kim, Soo In Lee, Yeon-Hee Lee Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Korea Analysis of the gALCHS7 Promoter from Acapulco lily in Transgenic Petunia Hybrida and Nicotiana tabacum 1* 2 3 1 1 1 Eun-Jung Suh , Bong Hee Han , Byeong Woo Yae , Dong-hern Kim , Mi-Jeong Jeong , Seung-Bum Lee , Seong-Kon Lee1, An-Cheol Chang1, Shin-Chul Bae1 1 Bio-crop Development Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, 441-857, KOREA, 2Dept. 3 of Seed Service, Foundation of Agri. Tech. Commercialization & Transfer, 441-100, Korea, Floriculture Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, 441-440, Korea

PBC-37

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Schisandra chinensis Compounds Induces Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression through PI3K/Akt and Nrf2 Signaling and Has Anti-inflammatory Activity in Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated Macrophages 1 2 1 1 3 4 Sun Young Park , Mei Ling Jin , Eun Yeon Ryu , Young Hun Kim , Young-Whan Choi , Geuntae Park , 2 Sang Joon Lee 1 Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea, 2 3 Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea, Department of Horticultural 4 Bioscience, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea, Institute for Research & Industry Cooperation, Pusan National University,, Busan, Republic of Korea
Identification of Acorus gramineus, Acorus calamus and Acorus tatarinowii by Comparison of Sequence Characterized Amplified Regions and Specific SCAR Primers * Young Seon Kim, Jin Ah Ryuk, Byoung Seob Ko Aging Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Identification of Candidate Genes for Marbling Trait in Hanwoo Hyesun Park1*, Seung Hwan Lee2, Hwan-Hoo Seong1, Dajeong Lim1 1 Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Scinece, RDA, 2Hanwoo Breeding Lab, Hanwoo Experiment Station, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA Nitrooleate Stimulate Nitric Oxide Production as Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Gamma Ligands Eunju Shin, Jihye Lim, Heejin Lim, Jieun Seo, Jinah Hwang* Department of Foods and Nutrition, Myongji University, YongIn 449-728, Republic of Korea Molecular Characterization of Two Rice Sucrose Synthase Genes, OsSUS5 and OsSUS7, Evolved via Duplication of a Chromosome Region 1 1 1 1 1,2 1* Jung-Il Cho , Hyun-Bi Kim , Chi-Yeol Kim , Tae-Ryong Hahn , Gurdev S. Khush , Jong-Seong Jeon 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology & Plant Metabolism Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Department of Plant Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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The Functional Comparison of Three Basic Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors in Rice Defense Signaling Seok-Jun Moon, Dongjin Shin, Seyoun Han, Myung-Ok Byun* Bio-crop development division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon 441-857, Korea Feeding Test of Transgenic Chinese cabbage Expressing Insecticidal Gene mCry1Ac1 Myung-Ho Lim, Hong-Il Ahn, Yang Qin, Jin-Hyoung Lee, Kong-Sik Shin, Hee-Jong Woo, Hyun-Suk Cho, Yong-Hwan Park, Seok-Cheol Suh, Soon-Jong Kweon* Biosafety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon 441-707, Korea Phosphoproteomics of Rat Brain and the Effect of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Cognition Jinwoo Lee, Seonmin Park, Jinkyu Lim* Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu, Korea Survey Analysis on the Farmers' Awareness and Perception on Genetically Modified Crops in Korea Bumkyu Lee1*, Kyungja Kim2, Hyo Jin Kim1, Hee-Jong Woo1, Seok-Cheol Suh1 1 Biosafety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 2 441-707, Korea, School of Human Ecology, Catholic University, Bucheon, 420-743, Korea Quantitative Analysis of mCry1Ac1 and PAT Proteins Expression during the Growth Stages of Genetically Modified Rice Hyo Jin Kim*, Si Myung Lee, Jae Kwang Kim, Bumkyu Lee, Seok Cheol Suh Biosafety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Korea. The Rice Functional ABA Receptor OsABAR10 Is a Positive Regulator of the ABA Signal Transduction Pathway in Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth Hyunmi Kim1, Hyunsik Hwang1, Jung-Woo Hong2, Il Pyung Ahn1, In Sun Yoon1, Sang-Dong Yoo2, Sung Chul Lee3, Beom-Gi Kim1* 1 2 Bio-crop Development Department, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon, Korea, 3 Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746 Korea, School of Biological Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756 Korea Gene Expression and Interaction Network of OsPYR/RCARs and Subclass A OsPP2Cs in Rice Min Kuk, Hyunmi Kim, Hyunsik Hwang, Kyeyoon Lee, Beom-Gi Kim* Bio-crop Development Department, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon, Korea Determination of Transcription Factor Binding Motifs Using Quadruple 9-mer-Based Protein Binding Microarray (Q9-PBM) Eun Hye Choi1, Min-Jeong Kim1, Pil Joong Chung1, Yoon-Mok Pahk1, Tae-Ho Lee1, Mee Yeon Hong1, Tae Hoon Kim1, Yeon-Ki Kim1*, Baek Hie Nahm1,2 1 2 Genomics genetics Institute, GreenGene Biotech, Yongin, Kyonggi, 449-728, South Korea, Division of Environmental Biological Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggi, 449-728, South Korea

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OsHMB4, a WOX Homedomain-containing Protein Is Involved in Early Flowering in Rice Pham Thi Minh Thu1, Songhwa Chae2, Min-Jeong Kim2, Joung-Sug Kim1, Kyong-Mi Jun2, Hyang-Mi Park3, Yul-Ho Kim3, Baek-Hie Nahm1,2, Yeon-Ki Kim2* 1 2 Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji university, Yongin, 449-728, Korea, Genomics Genetics 3 Institute, GreenGene Biotech Inc, Yongin, 449-728, Korea, Upland Crop Research division, National Institute of Crop Science, Suwon 441-857, Korea Capillary Electrophoresis Conditions for Quantification of Slightest Amount dNMPs Kyeong-Hwa Oh1*, Sook-Kyung Kim2, Hyo-Jin Yang1, Inchul Yang2 1 Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, University of Science and Technology, KRISS, Doryong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea, 2Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Doryong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea Study on OsMET2a during Flowering Development in Rice 1 2 2 2 1,2* Pham Quoc Tuan , Kyong-Mi Jun , Hyun Ju Ko , Yeon-Ki Kim , Baek-Hie Nahm 1 Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji university, Yongin, 449-728, Korea, 2Genomics Genetics Institute, GreenGene Biotech Inc., Yongin, 449-728, Korea Quantification of Genomic DNA from Microorganism by Capillary Electrophoresis Analysis Hyo-Jin Yang2, Sook-Kyung Kim1*, Sang-Ryoul Park1, Inchul Yang1 1 Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Doryong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea, 2Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, University of Science and Technology, KRISS, Doryong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea FSTVAL: Construction of Software for Validating Flanking Sequence Tags 1* 1 2 2 3 3 2 Joung Sug Kim , Jiye Kim , Tea-Ho Lee , Kyong Mi Jun , Yul-Ho Kim , Hyang-Mi Park , Seung Hyun An , Baek Hie Nahm1,2, Yeon-Ki Kim2 1 Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, MyongJi University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea, 2Genomics 3 Genetics Institute, GreenGene BioTech Inc., Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea, Upland Crop Research division, National Institute of Crop Science, Suwon 441-857, Korea Safety Assessment of a Carotene Cesaturase(CRT1) Protein Used as Key Enzyme of Vitamin A Rice Si Myung Lee*, Hyo Jin Kim, Jae Kwang Kim, Seok Cheol Suh Division of Biosafety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Korea Improvement of Drought Tolerance in Rice by Expression of CaMSRB2 through Chloroplast Protection Joung Sug Kim1, Na-ri Yee1, Ju-Kon Kim1, Yul-Ho Kim3, Hyang-Mi Park3, Sang-Keun Oh4, Doil Choi4, 1,2 2* Baek-hie Nahm , Yeon-Ki Kim 1 Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, MyongJi University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea, 2Genomics Genetics Institute, , GreenGene BioTech Inc., Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea, 3Upland Crop Research 4 Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Suwon 441-857, Korea, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Plant Genomics & Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea

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Functional Characterization of Stress Responsive Genes in Rice Kyeyoon Lee, Mi-Na Jeong, Hyun-Sik Hwang, Hyunmi Kim, Jung-Sook Lee, Beom-Gi Kim* Bio-crop Development Department, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon, Korea High-throughput Chemical Screening for Magnaporthe oryzae in Probenazole Inducible Promoter-GFP Rice Transgenic Plant in Rice 1 1 1 2 3 1,2* Bong Gyu Mun , Jingni Wu , Yiming Wang , Sang Gon Kim , Sun Tae Kim , Kyu Young Kang 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea, 2 Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, 3 Korea, Department of Plant Bioscienc, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, Republic of Korea

PBC-60

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In Vivo Apoplastic Secretome of Rice- Magnaporthe oryzae Interaction 1 1 1 2 3 1,2* Bong Gyu Mun , Jingni Wu , Yiming Wang , Sang Gon Kim , Sun Tae Kim , Kyu Young Kang 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea, 2 Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, 3 Korea, Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, Republic of Korea
A Rice Blast Fungus Alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase Protein MoABFb Is Related with Magnaporthe oryzae Infection in Rice Jingni Wu1, Yiming Wang2, Sang Gon Kim2, Kyu Young Kang1,2* 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, South Korea, 2 Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, South Korea

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In vivo Protein Secretion of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae during Host Infection Is Essential for Its Pathogenicity Sang Gon Kim1, Yiming Wang1, Jingni Wu2, Sun Tae Kim3, Kyu Young Kang1,2* 1 Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, South Korea, 2Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, South Korea, 3Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, Republic of Korea
Isolation and Characterization of a Gene Encoding Oxidation Reaction of trans-Anethole to para-Anisaldehyde by Pseudomonas putida JYR-1 * Dongfei Han, Ji-Young Ryu, Hor-Gil Hur School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Characterization and Expression Analysis of the OsDOR1 Gene, Encodes a Novel Protein with Glycine Rich Domain Sun Mi Huh1, Gang Sub Lee2, Moon-Young Eun3, Dool-Yi Kim1, In Sun Yoon1* 1 Bio-crop development Division, Natural Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-857, Korea, 2 Genomics Division, Natural Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon 441-857, Korea, 3School of Applied Bioscience, Kyung Pook National University, DAEGU 702-707,Korea Impaired Function of the Tonoplast-localized Sucrose Transporter in Rice, OsSUT2, Limits the Transport of Vacuolar Reserve Sucrose and Affects Plant Growth 1 1 1 1 1 1 Joon-Seob Eom , Jung-Il Cho , Min-Young Song , Bancha Mahong , Thuy Thi Bich Vo , Tae-Ryong Hahn , 2 1* Gurdev S. Khush , Jong-Seong Jeon 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology & Plant Metabolism Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 2 446-701, Korea, Department of Plant Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA

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Formation of Tellurium Nanosturctures via Reduction of Tellurite by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 Dong-Hun Kim, Hor-Gil Hur* School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Isolation of CYP74 Genes from Vitis ssp. 1,2 1 1 3 4 1,2 Doseung Lee , Jinkyu Woo , Seonyoung Yoon , Seong-Cheol Kim , Pyung Ok Lim , Kyung Hwan Boo , 1,2,5 1,2* Key Zung Riu , Dong-Sun Lee 1 College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 2Subtropical 3 Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, Agricultural Research Center for Climate Change, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeju 690-150, Republic of Korea, 4Department of Science Education, Jeju National University, 5 Jeju, 690-756, Republic of Korea, Gene & Material Bank for Citrus Breeding, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea Isolation and Characterization of High-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunit (HMW-GS) and Low-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunit (LMW-GS) in Wheat Jung-Hye Lee, Hye-jin Lee, Jong-Yeol Lee, Hyo-Jeong Kim, Sun-Hwa Ha, Sun-Hyung Lim, Young-Mi Kim* Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea Alteration of Accumulation and Composition of Rice Seed Storage Proteins Hye-jin Lee, Jung-Hye Lee, Jong-Yeol Lee, Hyo-Jeong Kim, Sun-Hwa Ha, Sun-Hyung Lim, Young-Mi Kim* Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea Expression of R1otavirus VP7 Protein in Transgenic Alfalfa and Its Immunogenicity in Mice 1,2 1 1 1 1 1 Hak-Sun Lee , Kyung-Hee Roh , Hyun-Uk Kim , Kyung-Ryeol Lee , Yeon-Hee Lee , Eun-Young Lee , Won-Yong Kim3, In-Sig Chung4, Dong-Hwa Shon5, Jeong-Sheop Shin2, Jong-Bum Kim1* 1 National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 2School of Life Sciences and 3 4 Biotechnology, Korea University, Dept. of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Graduate 5 School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Research Division for Emerging Innovative Technology, Korea Food Research Institute Improved PCR performance of a Mutant Tcel B DNA Polymerase from the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Thermococcus celericrescens * Kee Pum Kim, Sung Suk Cho, InHye Kim, Hye Woo Ppyun, Suk-Tae Kwon Department of Biotechnology & Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Cheoncheon-Dong, Jangan-Gu, Suwon 440-746, Korea Characterization of DNA Ligase from the Hyperthermophilic Crenarchaeon Ignicoccus hospitalis KIN4/I * Jun-Hwan Kim, Kang-Keun Lee, Man-Hui Youn, Gang-Jin Seo, Sung-Suk Cho, Suk-Tae Kwon Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Cheoncheon-Dong, Jangan-Gu, Suwon 440-746, Korea

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Development of Marker Targeted to P34 null Gene and Identification of Soybean Protein P34 from Antibody Kiwoung Yang1*, Jong-Min Ko1, Sun Tae Kim2, Yeong-Hoon Lee1, Myeong Gi Jeon1, Min Chul Kim3, 1 1 Hyun Tae Kim , In Youl Baek 1 Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, 1085 Neidong, Miryang, 627-803, Korea, 2Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang, 627-706, Korea, 3Department of Agronomy, Research institute of life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea Isolation and Characterization of Delta-6 Desaturase1 from Muraenesox cinereus 1* 1 1 1 1 1 Jong-Bum Kim , Kyung-Hee Roh , Soon-Hee Kim , Hyun-Uk Kim , Kyung-Ryeol Lee , Eun-Yong Lee , 1 1 1 2 Hag-Sun Lee , Jong-Sug Park , Jung-Bong Kim , Kwang-Soo Kim 1 National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 2National Institute of Crop 3 Science, Rural Development Administration, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University Tomato Inositol 5 Phosphatase, Le5PT1, Is Involved in Seedling Development and Stress Response Jong-Kuk Na, Dool-Yi Kim* Department of Agricultural Bio-Resorce, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Seodun-dong, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, Rep of Korea 441-701 Effects of Sound Wave on the Growth and the Gene Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana and Fungal Pathogen, Botrytis cinerea Bo Sung Choi* Plant molecular metabolic engineering lab, School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea Functional Expression of a Recombinant Chimeric Protein of Human Hepatitis A Virus VP1 and an Fc Antibody Fragment in Transgenic Tomato Plants Hyun-Ho Lee1, Ha-Young Chung1, Jong-Hwa Park1, Jong-Bum Kim2, Dong-Hwa Shon3, Wonyong Kim4, In Sik Chung1* 1 2 Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 449-701, Korea, Metabolic Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, RDA, 225 Seodun-dong, Suwon, 441-707, Korea, 3 Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam-si, Kyunggi-do 463-746, Korea, 4Department of Microbiology & Research Institute for Translational System Biomics, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 156-756, Korea Effects of Recombinant Canstatin on Anti-tumor Activitiesin Microresidual Tumor Model after Surgical Resection Ki Hyun Yoo, Jeon Hwang-Bo, Jong-Hwa Park, In Sik Chung* Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea The Function of Isopentenyl Diphosphate Synthase (IDS) Isogenes in Methylerythritol Phosphate (MEP) Pathway of Burkholderia glumae Moonhyuk Kwon, Young jin Son, Ingyu Hwang, Soo-Un Kim* School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea

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Anti-cancer Effects of 3-O-acetyloleanolic Acid (3A-OA) and the Extract Containing 3A-OA from Seeds of Vigna Sinensis In Vitro and In Vivo Ki Hyun Yoo1, En Ji Cui1, Jong-Hwa Park1, Jiyoung Kim1, Seong Gil Hong2, Nam In Baek1, In Sik Chung1* 1 2 Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 1Erom Life Co. Ltd., Seoul 135-825, Korea Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects of Calenduloside E 6'-methyl Ester from Acanthopanax Sessiliflorus Fruits in Mouse Colon Carcinoma Cells Bora Lee, Ki Hyun Yoo, Dae Young Lee, Jong-Hwa Park, Nam In Baek, In Sik Chung* Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Cyclin O, a Putative Cyclin Family Protein Containing Cyclin-like Domain, Stimulates an Activity of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 2 Do Hyung Kim, Ha Young Chung, Jong-Hwa Park, In Sik Chung* Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Effect of Pomolic Acid on the Proliferation of Doxorubicin-resistant Gastric Carcinoma SNU-620-Dox Cells Yuan-Yuan Fu, En-Ji Cui, Ki Hyun Yoo, Na-Young Song, Jong-Hwa Park, Nam-In Baek, In Sik Chung* Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Recombinant Canstatin Inhibits Angiopoietin-1-induced Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis Jeon Hwang-Bo, Ki Hyun Yoo, Jong-Hwa Park, In Sik Chung* Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Cloning and Characterization of a Cold-adapted Esterase with Specificity for p-Ntorphenyl Butyrate from Shewanella sp. Ke75 Young-Ok Kim*, Bo-Hye Nam, Hee Jeong Kong, Woo-Jin Kim, Dong-Gyun Kim, Bong-Seok Kim, Sang-Jun Lee Biotechnology Research Division, Fisheries and Research and Development Institute, Busan 619-705 Genetic Markers of the Immune Response of Fleshy Prawn, Fenneropenaeus chinensis, to White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) Hee Jeong Kong*, Young-Ok Kim, Bo-Hye Nam, Sang-Jun Lee, Hyon Sob Han, Woo-Jin Kim Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries and Research and Development Institute, Busan 619-705 Characterization of -Defensins Isolated from the Teleost Fish, Paralichthys olivaceus * Bo-Hye Nam , Young-Ok Kim, Hee Jeong Kong, Woo-Jin Kim, Dong Gyun Kim, Bong-Seok Kim, Sang-Jun Lee Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan 619-705 The R2-R3-type MYB Transcription Factor, AtMYB-S, Is a Negative Regulator of SOS1 Induction in Response to Salt Stress in Arabidopsis * Hojoung Lee , Jun Hyeok Kim Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 5-ka Anam-dong, Sungbuk-ku, Seoul
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Purifiaction and Characterization of Polyphenol Oxidase from Panax Ginseng Jae-Joon Kim1, Seul Ki Kim1, Jong-kee Kim2, Woo-Yeon Kim1* 1 Dept, of Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, 2Dept, of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 456-756, Korea Kinetics Study of (E)-4-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl Diphosphate Reductase from Gingko biloba Bok Kyu Shin, Jaehong Han* Metalloenzyme Research Group and School of Biological Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 456-756, Korea The Arabidopsis AtMYB-SL Regulates Lateral Root Growth in Response to Salt Stress with ABA Dependent Manner Hojoung Lee*, Woo Young Hyu Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 5-ka Anam-dong, Sungbuk-ku, Seoul Identification and Functional Characterization of the GALACTINOL SYNTHASE (MoGolS1) Gene in Melissa officinalis Plants Hojoung Lee*, Xiaonan Jin Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 5-ka Anam-dong, Sungbuk-ku, Seoul EPR Analysis of Different Plant Tissues after Gamma Irradiation 1 1 1 2 3 1* Min Hee Lee , Yu Ran Moon , Hyoung-Woo Bai , In-Chul Lee , Tae Hoon Kim , Byung Yeoup Chung 1 Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea, 2Senior Industry Cluster Agency, Youngdong University, Chungbuk 370-701, Republic of Korea, 3 Department of Herbal Medical Pharmacology, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 721-75, Republic of Korea Increment of Chaperone Activity of 2-Cysteine Peroxiredoxin by Electron Beam * Sung Hyun Hong, Byung Chull An, Seung Sik Lee, Eun Mi Lee, Byung Yeoup Chung Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea Functional and Structural Changes of Yeast Peroxiredoxin 2 Using Site-directed Mutagenesis Sung Hyun Hong, Seung Sik Lee, Eun Mi Lee, Hyoung-Woo Bai, Byung Yeoup Chung* Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea Characterization of Delay in Leaf Senescence of Arabidopsis drd1 Mutant Eun Ju Cho, Ji Hong Kim, Min Hee Lee, Ji Eun Kim, Byung Yeoup Chung, Jin-Hong Kim* Department of Radiation Research Division for Biotechnology, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute/Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Korea Effect of the Silk Protein on the Cartilage Regeneration * You-Young Jo , HaeYong Kweon, Kwang-Gill Lee, Heui-Sa, Lee, SungHee Nam, SoYoung Yang Sericultural & Apicultural Materials Division,, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA,, Suwon 441-100, Republic of Korea

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Isolation of Cytochrome P450 from Zea mays Jinkyu Woo1, Seonyoung Yoon1, Doseung Lee1,2, Kyung Hwan Boo1,2, Chang-Hoon Lee3, Pyung Ok Lim2,4, Key Zung Riu1,2,5, Dong-Sun Lee1,2* 1 2 College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, Subtropical 3 Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, Research Development, Jeju Special Self-governing Province Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jeju 697-828, 4 Republic of Korea, Department of Science Education, Jeju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Republic of Korea, 5 Gene & Material Bank for Citrus Breeding, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea Isolation of CYP74 Gene from Sweet Orange and Recombinant Protein Expression in E. coli Seonyoung Yoon1, Jinkyu Woo1, Kyung Hwan Boo1,2, Seong-Cheol Kim3, Somi K. Cho1,2, Pyung Ok Lim2,4, Key Zung Riu1,2,5, Dong-Sun Lee1,2* 1 2 College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 3Agricultural Research Center for Climate Change, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development 4 Administration, Jeju 690-150, Republic of Korea, Department of Science Education, Jeju National University, 5 Jeju, 690-756, Republic of Korea, Gene & Material Bank for Citrus Breeding, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea Cloning of a Gibberellin 3-Hydroxylase cDNA from Rosette Gall of Aster scaber Thunb. Doseung Lee1,2, Kyung Hwan Boo1,2, Duk-Houn Ko1, SePill Park1, Dong-Sun Lee1,2, Key Zung Riu1,2,3* 1 2 College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, Subtropical 3 Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, Gene & Material Bank for Citrus Breeding, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea Construction and Profile Analysis of cDNA Library from Diapensia lapponica, and Phylogenetic Analysis Based on NADH Dehydrogenase 1,2 1,2 1 1 1,2 1,2,3* Kyung Hwan Boo , Doseung Lee , Su-Hoon Lee , Seungtae Kang , Dong-Sun Lee , Key Zung Riu 1 College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 2Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 3Gene & Material Bank for Citrus Breeding, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea The Arabidopsis Wound-responsive Protein WRP1 Binds to Jasmonate Responsive Element of AtJMT Promoter and Represses Gene Expression Responding to JA and Wounding Jun Sung Seo, Song Yeon Yeu, Han Yong Lee, Tae Young Um, Yang Do Choi* Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National university Use of an Anthocyanin Production Phenotype as a Visible Selection Marker System in Transgenic Plants Sun-Hyung Lim, Seong-Han Sohn, Dong-Hern Kim, Jae Kwang Kim, Young-Mi Kim, Jong-Ryeol Lee, Sun-Hwa Ha* Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea Arginine Decarboxylase 2 Contributes to Pathogen Defense in Arabidopsis * * Sun-Hwa Kim , Su-Hyun Kim, Seung Jin Yoo, Young Cheol Kim, Baik Ho Cho, Kwang-Yeol Yang Department of Plant Biotechnology (BK21 program), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
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AtMYB44 Modulates Cross-talk between JA and SA by Regulating WRKY70 Expression Jae Sung Shim1, Choon Kyun Jung2, Han Yong Lee1, Tae Young Um1, Yang Do Choi1* 1 Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea, 2Rockefeller University, New York NY10065, USA
Mimicking Cotranslational Folding of Intramolecular Chaperone-containing Subtilisin E Using N-terminal Fragments Sung-Gun Kim*, Yong Taek Rho Department of Biomedical Science, Youngdong University, Chungbuk 370-701, South Korea Overexpression of the Ethylene-responsive Factor Gene OsERF4a and OsERF10a Confers Improved Drought Stress Tolerance in Rice Joungsu Joo1, Hae Jong Choi1, Youn Hab Lee1, Dong Hee Choi1, Yeon-Ki Kim2, Baek Hie Nahm1,2, Sang Ik Song1* 1 2 Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, Yongin 449-728, Korea, Genomics Genetics Institute, GreenGene BioTech, Inc., Yongin, Kyonggido 449728, Korea Expression of a Bifunctional Fusion of the Brevibacterium helvolum Genes for Maltooligosyltrehalose Synthase and Maltooligosyltrehalose Trehalohydrolase in Transgenic Rice Plants Increases Abiotic Stress Tolerance 1 1 1 1 2 3 Joungsu Joo , Hae Jong Choi , Youn Hab Lee , Dong Hee Choi , Chung Ho Kim , Jong-Joo Cheong , 3 1* Yang Do Choi , Sang Ik Song 1 Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, Yongin 449-728, Korea, 2Department of Food 3 and Nutrition, Seowon University, Chongju 361-742, Korea, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Agricultural Biomaterials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921, Korea. Inhibitory Effects of Polyamines on Nitric Oxide and Pro-inflammatory Interleukines Production in Murine Macrophage Raw 264.7 Cells Sun Chul Kang*, Souren Paul Dept. of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyungsan City, Kyungbook, 712-714, Republic of Korea Inhibitory Effect of Natural Polyamines on TPA Induced Ear Edema * Sun Chul Kang , Souren Paul Dept. of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyungsan City, Kyungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea Expression Profiling of Expansin Genes by Light Quality in Brassica rapa Soo In Lee*, Jin A Kim, Joon Ki Hong, Yeon-Hee Lee Functional Bio-Material Division, National Academy of Agricultural Biotechnology (NAAS), RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea Enhancement of GH66 Dextranase Activity by Truncation of N- and C-terminal Variable Regions, Suggesting Proenzyme-like Activation Young Min Kim1*, Young Bae Ryu1, Woo Song Lee1, Doman Kim3, Atsuo Kimura2 1 Eco-Friendly Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 2 Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 3 060-8589, Japan, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea Proteomic Analysis for Wheat Processing Properties Hyo Jeung Kim, Yeong Tae Kim, Sun Hyung Lim, Sun Hwa Ha, Young Mi Kim, Jong Yeol Lee* National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon, 441-707, Korea

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Discrimination of White Kwao Krua (Pueraria mirifica) Roots Produced in Different Harvest Season and Product Area in Thailand by LC-Q-TOF-MS and Principal Component Analysis Min Woo Han1*, Kyoung Sook Choi1, Nam In Baek2, Myun Ho Bang2, Sung Kwon Ko3, Chang Hwan Oh3, 1 Dae Kyun Chung 1 1 Kyung Hee University Skin Biotechnology Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon 443-766, Korea., 2Graduate School of Biotechnology and Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, 3 Korea., Oriental Medical Food & Nutriton, Semyung University, Jecheon 390-711, Korea. Carotenoid Isomerase Type 1 and 2 in Citrus unshiu cv. Markovich 1 1 1,2* Seong-Woo Kim , Ji-Man Heo , In-Jung Kim 1 Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea, 2 Research Institute of Subtropical Agriculture and Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea Effect on Shoot Development in Kiwi Leaf Explant by DMSO Treatment Seung Yeob Song1,3, Suk Weon Kim2, In-Jung Kim3* 1 Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 111 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Korea, 2Biological Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 111 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Korea, 3 Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea The Glycitein 7-O-beta-d-glucoside 4''-O-methylate (CGLM) Inhibits EGF-induced Mucus Hypersecretion in the Human Lung Mucoepidermoid Cells Jung-Hee Kim, Dong Ki Park, Choong Hwan Lee, Do-Young Yoon* Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea A Naringenin Derivative Diethyl (5,4'-dihydroxy flavanone-7-yl) Phosphate Inhibits Cell Growth and Induces Apoptosis in A549 Human Lung Cancer Cells 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Yesol Bak , Jung-Hee Kim , Heejong Kim , Jeong-Woo Kang , Dong Hun Lee , Man Sub Kim , Yun Sun Park , Eun-Jin Kim1, Kang-Yeoun Jung2, Yoongho Lim1, Jintae Hong3, Do-Young Yoon1* 1 Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea, 2 Department of Biochemical Engineering, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea, 3College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea Root Specific Expression of OsNAC10 Alters Root Architecture Enhancing Drought Tolerance and Grain Yield under Field Conditions 1 1 1 2 3 3 1* Jin Seo Jeong , Youn Shic Kim , Harin Jung , Sun-Hwa Ha , Yang Do Choi , Minkyun Kim , Ju-Kon Kim 1 2 School of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering, Myongji University, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, 3School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University Binding Site Confirmation of G250-protein Complex Based on X-ray Crystallography Hyung-Keun Ku1*, Sook-Kyung Kim1, Soo Jae Lee3, Sang-Ryoul Park1, Kyeong-Hwa Oh2, Hyo-Jin Yang2 1 Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Doryong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea, 2Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, University of Science and Technology, KRISS, Doryong-dong, Yuseong-gu, 3 Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea, College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Gaeshin-dong, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju City, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea

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Efficient Method for the Making a Transgenic Rice without Marker Which Can be Used for GM Crop Harin Jung*, Youn Shic Kim, Ju-Kon Kim School of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering, Myongji University, San 38-2 Nam-dong, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do 449-728 Korea Involvement of a Nascent Polypeptide Associated Complex Protein in Phytochrome- mediated Light Signaling in Arabidopsis Hye Lin Park, Man-Ho Cho, Dong Ho Shin, Seong Hee Bhoo, Tae-Ryong Hahn* Graduate School of Biotechnology and Plant Metabolism Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Analysis of Apoplastic Secretome from Rice Lesion Mimic Mutant (spl11) 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 Hyun-hye Huh , SoonJae Kwon , Jin young Kim , UG Kim , So Wun Kim , Sang Gon Kim , Yiming Wang , 2,3 1* Kyu Young Kang , Sun Tae Kim 1 Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, Korea, 2Plant Molecular Biology 3 and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea Elucidation of the Roles of ClpC1/C2 Protein on Development and Induction of Higher Tolerance against Heat and Salt Stresses by the Overexpression Sarafat Ali, Kwang-Hyun Baek* School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University Functional Characterization of LIM-domain Protein for Seed Development in Rice * Mi-Hye Seo, Jong-Kuk Na, Ji-Eun Choi, Beom-Gi Kim, In-Sun Yoon, Dool-Yi Kim Bio-crop Development Division, Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-701, Korea Epitope Mapping of Specific Antibodies to Deinococcus radiodurans Bacteriophytochome Tae-Lim Kim, Seong Hee Bhoo*, Tae-Ryong Hahn, Man-Ho Cho Graduate School of Biotechnology and Plant Metabolism Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Development of Biomarkers for Cultivar Discrimination of Sweet Potatoes Cultivated in Korea Using Combination of RAPD-proteome Analysis Su Ji Lee1, Jin Young Kim1, Hyun-hye Huh1, So Wun Kim1, Mi Nam Chung2, Joon Seol Lee2, Sun Hyung Kim3, 3 1 1* Sang-Gyu Seo , Yongchul Kim , Sun Tae Kim 1 Department of plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang, 627-707, South Korea, 2Bioenergy Crop Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science(NICS), Rural Development Administration(RDA), 3 Department of Environmental Horticulture, University of Seoul, Seoul, 130-743, South Korea The Mutants of the Hepatitis B Virus X Gene Modulate the Cell Cycle and Apoptotic Proteins in Normal Liver Chang Cell Chang Hee Yang*, Young Mee Kim, Moon Jae Cho Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, 66 Jejudaehakno, Jeju-si, Jeju Special Sele-Governing Province, Korea

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A Simple and Reliable Depletion Method of High Abundant Soybean Proteins Using MgNP40-PCP Technique UG Kim, Hwa-Jin Jung, SoonJae Kwon, Dong Wook Shin, Jin Young Kim, Hyun-Hye Huh, Su-Ji Lee, * Sun Tae Kim Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang, 627-706, South Korea Characterization of Recombinant L-Asparaginase from Thermococcus kodakaraensis KOD1 Yun-Ha Lee, Sung-Jun Hong, Gun-Seok Park, Jin-Ho Shin, Ihsan Ullah, Jae-Ho Shin* School of Applied Bioscience, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea Function of fujB, Codes for -ketoacyl Synthase(KS) Domain, in Allylmalonyl-CoA Biosynthesis in Streptomyces sp. KCCM11116P * Young-Kwang Ju, Sung-Kwon Lee, SangJoon Mo, Joo-Won Suh Department of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea Functional Analysis of Six Drought-inducible Promoters in Transgenic Rice Plants Seungwoon Bang1, Ju-Kon Kim1*, Youn Shic Kim1, Min-Ho Jeong1, Se-Jun Oh1, Jin Seo Jeong1, Su-Hyun Park1, Harin Jung1, Yang Do Choi2 1 2 School of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin 449-728, Korea, School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea Compound K Suppresses Intracellular Lipid Droplet Levels via Modulating Expressions of Genes Involved in Lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Cells Dong-Hun Lee, Jeong-Woo Kang, Jung-Hee Kim, Yesol Bak, Deok-Kun Oh, Do-Young Yoon* Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea Characterization and Molecular Analysis of -glucosidase Produced by Lactoccus lactis 1 1 1 1 2 1* Shu-Jun Fang , Jie Chang , Yong-Seok Lee , In-Hye Park , Soon-Cheol Ahn , Yong-Lark Choi 1 Department of Biotechnology, DongA University, Busan 604-714, South Korea, 2Department of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, South Korea IL-32 Phosphorylation by PKC Induces Protein Stabilization Man Sub Kim, Jeong Woo Kang, Yun Sun Park, Dong Hun Lee, Jung Hee Kim, Yesol Bak, Do Young Yoon* Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong 1, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea Immobilization of Recombinant -glucosidase from Exiguobacterium sp. DAU5 on Chitosan Bead for Hydrolysis of Isoflavone Glycoside Jie Chang1, Yong-Seok Lee1, Shu-Jun Fang1, In-Hye Park1, Soon-Cheol Ahn2, Yong-Lark Cho1* 1 2 Department of Biotechnology, DongA University, Busan 604-714, South Korea, Department of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, South Korea Reference Materials for Quantification of Residual Host Cell DNA in Protein Drugs Hannah Yu1,2*, Min-Jung Kang1, Sun-Mi Hwang1, Sook-Kyung Kim1, Inchul Yang1 1 Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, Korea Research Institute of Standards and 2 Science, Doryong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea, Bio-analysis Science, University of Science and Technology, Doryong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea

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Identification of the Allylmalonyl-CoA Extender Unit Biosynthesis Genes in the FK506 Biosynthetic Gene Cluster Sung-Kwon Lee, SangJoon Mo, Joo-Won Suh* Department of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Myongji University, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea Analysis of the Wsi18, a Stress-inducible Promoterthat Is Active in the Whole Grain of Transgenic Rice Hyung ill Kim1, Ju-Kon Kim1*, Nari Yi1, Se-Jun Oh1, Youn Shic Kim1, Hyun-Jun Jang1, Su-Hyun Park1, 1 1 2 Jin Seo Jeong , Sang Ik Song , Yang Do Choi 1 School of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin 449-728, Korea, 2School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National, Seoul 151-921, Korea Capillarisin Modulates the Lipopolysaccharide Induced iNOS and COX-2 via MAPK Signaling Pathway in Murine Macrophages 1 1 3 4 2* YoungMee Kim , Hee Kyoung Lim , Somi K. Cho , Sanggyu Park , Moonjae Cho 1 Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Cheju National University, 66 jejudaehakno, 690-756, Jeju, Korea, 2Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, and Institute of Medical Science, Cheju National 3 University, 66 jejudaehakno, 690-756, Jeju, Korea, Faculty of Biotechnology, Cheju National University, 66 4 jejudaehakno, 690-756, Jeju, Korea, Division of Life & Environmental Science, Daegu University, Daegu, 712-714, Korea Analysis of Five Novel Putative Constitutive Gene Promotersin Transgenic Rice Plants Kang Hyun Lee1, Ju-Kon Kim1*, Su-Hyun Park1, Nari Yi1, Youn Shic Kim1, Min-Ho Jeong1, Seung-Woon Bang1, 2 Yang Do Choi 1 School of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin 449-728, Korea, 2School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea Rapid Analysis System of Skin Active Natural Compound of Stewartia Koreana NAKAIUsed by HPLC/SPE/RRLC-q-TOF MS System 1 1* 1 1 1 1 Min Woo Han , Kyoung Sook Choi Soo Mi Ahn , Min Hee Han , Young-Sim Oh , Hye Kyoung Jeong , 1 1,2 2 Su Jin Oh , Dae Kyun Chung , Jae Sung Hwang 1 Skin Biotechnology Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon 443-766, Korea, 2Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, 1 Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Effect of Poly--Glutamic Acid on Growth, Viability and Productivity of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Producing Recombinant Erythropoietin in Chemically Defined Medium Tae Gon Kim, Young Choel Cho, Hye Jin Jung, Hyi Jin Kim, Bok-Hwan Chun, Namhyun Chung* Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Repulic of Korea Effect of Length and Shape on Cytotoxicity and Inflammatory Response of Silver Nanoparticles in Human Acute Monocytic Leukemia Cell Line THP-1 Hye Jin Jung, Yong Choel Cho, Hyi Jin Kim, Tae Gon Kim, Nam Hyun Chung* Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Repulic of Korea

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In vivo Evaluation of Toxicity with Different Sizes and Shapes of Silver Nanoparticles to Mice Hye Jin Jung, Yung Choel Cho, Hyi Jin Kim, Tae Gon Kim, Nam Hyun Chung* Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Repulic of Korea Determination of Acute Pulmonary Toxicity of Lung-injured Mice Exposing to On-road, Naebu Expressway in Seoul Young Choel Cho1, Tae Gon Kim1, Hye Jin Jung1, Hyi Jin Kim1, Seung Jae Lee2, Gwi Nam Bae2, Hyun Choel Kim2, Seung Bok Lee2, Seung Hee Yang3, Nam Hyun Chung1* 1 Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Korea University Seoul 136-713, Repulic of Korea, 2Environmental senser system research center, KIST, 3Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Facilitation of Tolaasin Toxicity by Phospholipids Evaluated by Competition Effect of Zn2+ and DDPE * Young-Bae Yoon, Young-Kee Kim Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea RNAi-mediated Rice Stripe Virus (RSV) Resistance Obtained by Targeting the Fully Complementary RSV-CP Gene Hyang-Mi Park, Man-Soo Choi, Do-Yeon Kwak, Bong-Choon Lee, Jong-Hee Lee, Myeong-Ki Kim, * Yeon-Kyu Kim, Dong-Bum Shin, Yu-Young Lee, Yul-Ho Kim National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Suwon, Kyounggido, 441-857, Korea Proteomics Analysis of CHO Host Cell Proteins Sun Mi Hwang, Min Jung Kang, Sook Kyung Kim, In chul Yang*, Duk Jin Kang Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Doryong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea Novel Biological Activities in TransgenicSoybeans Expressing OsHGGT 1 1 1 1 2 1* Yul-Ho Kim , Yu-Young Lee , Sun-Lim Kim , Young-Up Kwon , Eunjung Jin , Hyang-Mi Park 1 2 National Institute of Crop science, RDA, Suwon, Kyounggido, 441-857, Korea, Department of biological science, Wonkwang University, Iksan Chonbuk, 570-749, Korea Some Properties of MbsBURP1, a BURP Domain Protein from Mungbean Seeds Yeongtae Kim1*, Jin Kyo Jung2, Bo Yoon Seo2, Yul-Ho Kim2, Hyang-Mi Park2, Young-Sun Kim2, 3 Jung-Kyung Moon 1 National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, 2National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, 3Rural Development Administration, RDA Synthesis of Inorganic Nanostructures by Biological Route Using Peptides Jungok Kim, Hor-Gil Hur* School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju

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Post-transcriptional Control of Photosynthetic mRNA Decay under Stress Conditions Requires 3' Untranslated Regions and Correlates with Differential Polysome Association in Rice Su-Hyun Park1, Pil Joong Chung2, Piyada Juntawong3, Julia Bailey-Serres3, Youn Shic Kim1, Harin Jung1, 1 1 4 5 1* Seung Woon Bang , Eun Hyang Han , Yeon-Ki Kim , Yang Do Choi , Ju-Kon Kim 1 School of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin 449-728, Korea, 2 Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York 10065, USA, 3Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA,, 4 GreenGene Biotech Inc., GreenGene Biotech Inc., Yongin 449-728, Korea, 5School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea Adoption of New Carotenoid Pathway into Rice Endosperm Using Multistep Metabolic Engineering Ye Sol Jeong, Mi-Hee Song, Jae Kwang Kim, Sun-Hyung Lim, Ji Hye Hwang, Jong-Yeol Lee, Young-Mi Kim, Yeon-Hee Lee, Bon-Sung Goo, Sun-Hwa Ha* National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea Cloning and Characterization of the Plastidial 2-C-Methyl-D-Erythritol 4-Phohsphate Pathway Genes of Rice 1,2 1 1 1 1 1 Yun-A Jeon , Min Kyoung You , Sun-Hyung Lim , Jae Kwang Kim , Jong-Yeol Lee , Young-Mi Kim , 2 1* Sang Nag Ahn , Sun-Hwa Ha 1 National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea, 2Department of Agronomy College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea Phage Typing of Pseudomonas tolaasii, Brown Blotch-causing Bacteria * Seong-Wan Park, Soo-Jin Park, Young-Kee Kim Department of Environmental & Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, KOREA Variation of Photosynthetic Carbon Assimilation Rates among 164 Rice Recombinant Inbred Lines Derived from Genetic Crossing between Milyang23 and Giho-byeo Donghern Kim*, Soo-Jin Kim, Gang-Seob Lee Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, 224 Su-In Ro, Suwon, Korea Monitoring of Changes in Photosynthetic Carbon Assimilation Rates and Stomatal Opening of Rice Plants Transformed with ABP57 Genes by Abiotic Stress Donghern Kim1*, Keun-Pyo Lee2, Ancheol Chang1 1 Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, 224 Su-In Ro, Suwon, Korea, 2International Technical Coorperation Center, Rural Development Administration, 225 Su-In Ro, Suwon, Korea Platycodi Radix Powder Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Yoon Je Chang1*, Jong Jang Jo1, Chang Nam Kim2, Byung Yong Kim1, Moo Yeol Baik1 1 Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea, 2Department of Hotel Baking Technology, Hyejeon College, Hongseong, Korea

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PBM
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Bioactive MaterialsNatural product

Production of Resveratrol in Engineered Microorganism: Current State and Perspectives Changhyun Roh* Radiation Research Division for Biotechnology, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Potential of Hydroxyebastine and Terfenadine Alcohol to Inhibit the Human Cytochrome P450 2J2 Isoform 1* 2 Kwang-Hyeon Liu , Yune-Jung Yoon 1 College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, 2Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Trial Center, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan 614-735 Acaricidal Changes by Introducing of Functional Radicals to AP Derivatives against House Dust and Stored Food Mites 1 1 2 3 4 5 Min-Gi Kim , Eun-Young Jeong , Joo-Won Suh , Chung-Ho Kim , Sang-Hyun Lee , Jeong-Moon Kim , Hoi-Seon Lee1* 1 Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National 2 University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea, Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongi University, Yongin 449-728 Republic of Korea, 3Department of Food and Nutrition, Seowon University, Cheongju 361-742, Republic of Korea, 4Department of Forest Environment Science, College of 5 Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic Korea, Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea Antioxidant Properities of SB-24 Isolated from Morus alba Fruits Min-Gi Kim, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea Acaricidal Activities of HSL-223 Isolated from Doscorea japonica Roots Min-Gi Kim1, Eun-Young Jeong1, Sang-Hyun Lee2, Jeong-Moon Kim3, Joo-Won Suh4, Chung-Ho Kim5, Hoi-Seon Lee1* 1 Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Forest Environmental Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea, 3Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea, 4Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongi University, Yongin 449-728 Republic of Korea, 5Department of Food and Nutrition, Seowon University, Cheongju 361-742, Republic of Korea Antibacterial Activity of Naphthalin and Its Derivatives against Oral Bacteria * Ha-Yun Song, Hoi-Seon Lee Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea Antidiabetic Activities of Active Components Isolated from Triticum aestivum L. Sprouts Eun-Yong Jeong, Ji-Yeon Yang, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
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Acaricidal Toxicity of 1,4-Benzoquinone from Pyrus ussuriensis Fruits against Stored Food Mites Min-Gi Kim, Ji-Yeon Yang, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea Acaricidal Activity of 2'-Hydroxy-4'-methylacetophenone Isolated from Angelicae koreana Roots and Structure-Activity Relationships Eun-Young Jeong, Min-Seok Oh, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea Contact and Fumigant Toxicities of 5-Hydroxynaphthoquinone Isolated from Caesalpinia sappan * Min-Gi Kim, Hoi-Seon Lee Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea Toxicities of Insecticidal Constituent Isolated from Nepenthes ventricosa against Agricultural Insects Eun-Young Jeong, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea Influences of Organic Solvents and Solvent Dry Time of Contact and Fumigant Methods against Sitophilus zeamais Eun-Young Jeong1, Min-Gi Kim1, Ju-Hyun Jeon1, Jeong-Moon Kim2, Sang-Hyun Lee3, Hoi-Seon Lee1* 1 Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea, 3Department of Forest Environmental Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea Acaricidal Constituent Isolated from Periploca sepium Oil against Tyrophagus putrescentiae Eun-Young Jeong, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea The Phototactic Behavior of Various Light Emitting Diode (LED) against the Adult Plutella xylostella * Eun-Young Jeong, Min-Gi Kim, Hoi-Seon Lee Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea Visual Preference of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) Adults to Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) Eun-Young Jeong, Min-Gi Kim, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea Light Preference of High Power Light Emitting Diodes to Spodoptera exigua (Hbner) Min-Gi Kim, Kyoung-Shik Cho, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea

PBM-9

PBM-10

PBM-11

PBM-12

PBM-13

PBM-14

PBM-15

PBM-16

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Astaxanthin Improves the Proliferative Capacity as Well as the Osteogenic and Adipogenic Differentiation Potential in Neural Stem Cells Jeong-Hwan Kim1, Hyun-Ju Kwon1,3,4, Byung-Woo Kim1,3,4, Soo-Wan Nam1,2,4* 1 2 Department of Biomaterial Control (BK21 Program), Dong-Eui University, Department of Biotechnology and 3 Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dong-Eui University, 4 Department of Blue Bio Industry RIC, Dong-Eui University, Busan 614-714, Korea Anti-inflammatory Effects of the Phytochemicals by the Modulation of the Innate Immunity Hwa-Jeong Shin1, Soo-Jung Kim2, Hye-Jeong Park2, Jae-Ran Lee2, Ji Soo Kim2, Hee Jin Ahn2, In Soon Min3, 2* Hyung-Sun Youn 1 Department of Medical Science, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan-Si, Chungnam 336-745, Korea, 2Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang 3 University, Asan-Si, Chungnam 336-745, Korea, Department of Healthcare Management, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan-Si, Chungnam 336-745, Korea Mercury Induces the Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Soo-Jung Kim1, Hye-Jeong Park1, Hwa-Jeong Shin2, Jae-Ran Lee1, Ji Soo Kim1, Hee Jin Ahn1, In Soon Min3, Hyung-Sun Youn1* 1 Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan-Si, Chungnam 336-745, Korea, 2Department of Medical Science, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan-Si, Chungnam 336-745, Korea, 3Department of Healthcare Management, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan-Si, Chungnam 336-745, Korea Anti-inflammatory Activity of Peel Extracts in Potato cv. Haryeong 1* 1 1 1 1 1 Jung-Hwan Nam , Jin-Cheol Jeong , Young-Ho Yoon , Su-Young Hong , Su-Jeong Kim , Yong-Ik Jin , 1 1 1 2 3 Young-Eun Park , So-Young An , Hyun-Sam Kim , Kyung-Tea Lee , Hee-Jhun Park 1 Highland Agricultre Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Pyeongchang 232-955, Korea., 2 Department of pharmaceutical, College of Pharmacy, Kyung-Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea., 3 Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Health Sciences, Sangji University, Wonju 220-702, Korea The Novel Anti-inflammatory Effects of (E)-Isopropyl 4-oxo-4-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-butenoate (IPOP) by the Modulation of Toll-like Receptor Signaling Pathways 1 2 2 2 2 2 2* Hwa-Jeong Shin , Soo-Jung Kim , Hye-Jeong Park , Jae-Ran Lee , Ji Soo Kim , Hee Jin Ahn , Hyung-Sun Youn 1 Department of Medical Science, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan-Si, Chungnam 336-745, Korea, 2Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan-Si, Chungnam 336-745, Korea Production of Epitope Specific Antibody by Adjuvants Effect of Liposome-encapsulated Natural Phosphodiester CpG-DNA Dongbum Kim1, Sanghoon Kwon1, Min Chul Park1, Byoung Kwon Park1, Younghee Lee2, Hyung-Joo Kwon1* 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Gangwon-do 200-702, Republic of Korea, 2 Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea

PBM-18

PBM-19

PBM-20

PBM-21

PBM-22

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PBM-23

Wound Healing Effect of Bacterial Synthesized Cellulose from Citrus on Full Thickness Skin Defect in the Rat Dae Hwan Park1*, Sang-uk Park1, Byung Kwon Lee1, Mi-sun Kim1, Kwan-kyu Park2, Woo-Jung Sung2, 1 1 1 1 3 3 Hyun-yeon Kim , Peter Chanwoo Kim , Jeong Su Shim , Yong Jig Lee , Seong Ho Kim , In Ho Kim 1 Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Korea, 2Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Korea, 3Department of Food Science and Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 712-714, Korea Inhibitory Effects of Chalcones on the Clonogenicity of Ovarian Cancer Cells 1 2 1 1 3 2 Jiye Hyun , Soon Young Shin , Doseok Hwang , Geunhyeong Jo , Dongsoo Koh , Young Han Lee , 1* Yoongho Lim 1 Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, 2Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, SMART-Institute of Advanced Biomedical Science, RCTC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, 3Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 136-714, Korea Effects of Flavonoids on the Release of -Hexosaminidase Doseok Hwang1, Joo Yeon Oh1, Dong-Woon Kim2, Dong-Ki Park1, Hye-Jin Park1, Dongsoo Koh3, Yoongho Lim1* 1 2 Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, Swine science 3 division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 330-801, Korea, Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 136-714, Korea NMR Data of 5,6-Benzoflavones and 7,8-Benzoflavones Doseok Hwang1, Geunhyeong Jo1, Jiye Hyun1, Sung Dae Lee2, Dongsoo Koh3, Yoongho Lim1* 1 2 Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, Swine science 3 division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 330-801, Korea, Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 136-714, Korea The Relationship between Flavanone Derivatives and the Clonogenicity of HCT116 Cells Jiye Hyun1, Yoonkyung Woo1, Soon Young Shin2, Sung Dae Lee3, Dongsoo Koh4, Young Han Lee2, 1* Yoongho Lim 1 Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, 2Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, SMART-Institute of Advanced Biomedical Science, RCTC, Konkuk 3 University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, Swine science division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 4 330-801, Korea, Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 136-714, Korea Inhibitory Effects of Isoflavones on the Clonogenicity of Human Colon Cancer Cells and Targeting CDK2 Jiye Hyun1, Soon Young Shin2, Doseok Hwang1, Geunhyeong Jo1, Dongsoo Koh3, Young Han Lee2, Yoongho Lim1* 1 2 Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, SMART-Institute of Advanced Biomedical Science, RCTC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, 3Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 136-714, Korea Inhibitory Effects of Hydroxy Benzaldehyde Derivatives in Cryptococcus neoformans Ji Won Lee1, Geun Hyoung Choi1, Yeon-Ki Park1, Su-Myeong Hong1, Geon-Jae Im1, Oh-Kyung Kwon1, 2 1* Won Hee Jung , Jin Hyo Kim 1 Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-857, Korea, 2 Department of Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Korea

PBM-24

PBM-25

PBM-26

PBM-27

PBM-28

PBM-29

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PBM-30

Flavonoids Inhibit TNF Induced NF-B 2 1 2 2 3 1 Jiye Hyun , Soon Young Shin , Yoonkyung Woo , Yeonjoong Yong , Dongsoo Koh , Young Han Lee , 2* Yoongho Lim 1 Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, SMART-Institute of Advanced Biomedical Science, RCTC, 2 Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, 3 Seoul 143-701, Korea, Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 136-714, Korea Screening of Antifungal and Antioxidant Properties of Phenolic Derivatives aganst Cryptococcus neoformans Jung-Im Kim1, Ji Won Lee1, Geun Hyoung Choi1, Yeon-Ki Park1, Su-Myeong Hong1, Geon-Jae Im1, 1 2 1* Oh-Kyung Kwon , Won Hee Jung , Jin Hyo Kim 1 Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-857, Korea, 2 Department of Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Korea Effects of Substituents on NMR Data of Naphthalenyl-phenyl-pyrazole Doseok Hwang1, Geunhyeong Jo1, Jiye Hyun1, Dong-Woon Kim2, Dongsoo Koh3, Yoongho Lim1* 1 2 Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, Swine science 3 division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 330-801, Korea, Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 136-714, Korea Significant Enhancement in Radical-scavenging Activity of Curcuminoids Conferred by Acetoxy Substituent at the Central Methylene Carbon * Mi Kyoung Kim, Jihoon Kang, Youhoon Chong Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea One-step Production of a Biologically Active Novel Furan Fatty Acid from 7,10-Dihydroxy-8(E)octadecenoic Acid * Hak-Ryul Kim , Hye-Ran Sohn, Ka-Yeon Back School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea 702-701 Potent Inhibition of Bacterial Neuraminidase Activity by Pterocarpans Isolated from the Roots of Lespedeza bicolor Hyun Sim Woo1, Dae Wook Kim1, Young Bae Ryu2, Ki Hun Park1* 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea, 2Eco-Friendly Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea Piperidine Iminosugars Displaying Competitive -Rhamnosidase Inhibition and Its Kinetic Mechanism Hye Jin Kim1, jung keun cho1, jin hyo kim2, ki hun park1* 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea, 2 Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences(NAAS), RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea Antioxidative Capacity and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Effects of Polyphenols from Broussonetia papyrifera Ji Hye Lee1, Heung Joo Yuk1, Hyung Won Ryu2, Ki Hun Park1* 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program), IALS, GyeongSang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea, 2Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 580-185, Republic of Korea
www.ksabc.or.kr |

PBM-31

PBM-32

PBM-33

PBM-34

PBM-35

PBM-36

PBM-37

37

PBM-38

Polymethoxyflavones from Kaempferia parviflora (Krachaidum) Natcha Wongsrikaew1, Yong-ung Kim2, Somi Kim Cho3, Kanit Vichitphan4, Jaehong Han1* 1 Metalloenzyme Research Group and Department of Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 456-756, 2 Korea, Department of Herbalpharmaceutical Engineering, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 712-715, 3 Korea, Faculty of Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea, 4Department of Biotechnology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand Microorganism Production of DHD by a Human Intestinal Microorganism Sirirat Prasertwasu, Jaehong Han* Metalloenzyme Research Group and Department of Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 465-756, Korea High-performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Analysis of Nothapodytes foetida for Camptothecin: A Promising Anticancer Drug Ajay Sharma, Kwang-Hyun Baek* School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University Screening for Antioxidant Activity of Plant Extracts * Jeung-Min Lee , Young-Hee Kim, Jin-Young Hong, Chang-Wook Jo, Mi-Hwa Jung, Soo-Ji Kim, Jung-Eun Choi Conservation Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage, Munji-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-380, Korea Inclusion of Isoflavone Using , , -Cyclodextrins Jae-Kyung Lee1*, Yoon-Je Chang1, Byung-Yong Kim1, Moo-Yeol Baik1, Do-Hyeon Jeong2, Chang-Nam Kim3 1 2 Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea, Nuri and Development 3 Center, Yonsei Engineering Research Park, Korea, Department of Hotel Baking Technology, Hyejeon College, Hongseong, Korea Optimization of Ultra High Pressure Extraction (UHPE) for Puffed Ginseng A Ram Lee1*, Ah-Ra Cho1, Byung-Yong Kim1, Moo-Yeol Baik1, Sung-Won Choi2, Nam-Yoon Hur2 1 2 Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University,Yongin, Korea, Hotel and Culinary Arts Division, Osan University, Osan, Korea Phenylpropanoids from the Red Kohlrabi Sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes) Jae-Woong Lee1, Ji-Hae Park2, Jin-Gyeong Cho2, Nam-In Baek2, Youn-Hyung Lee1* 1 Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Graduate School of Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Isolation and Identification of Phenylpropanoid Glucosides from the Red Kohlrabi Sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes) Jae-Woong Lee1, Ji-Hae Park2, Jin-Gyeong Cho2, Nam-In Baek2, Youn-Hyung Lee1* 1 Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Graduate School of Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea

PBM-39

PBM-40

PBM-41

PBM-42

PBM-43

PBM-44

PBM-45

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PBM-46

Ursolic Acid Derivative as Inhibitor of Recombinant Human Aldose Reductase Eun Ha Lee1, S. A. Popov2, Joo Young Lee1, A. V. Shpatov2, T. P. Kukina2, Suk Woo Kang1, Cheol-Ho Pan1, Byung Hun Um1, Sang Hoon Jung1* 1 Functional Food Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung 210-340, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea, 2Experimental Chemistry Department, Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation One-step Separation of Four Flavonoids from Rhus verniciflua by High Speed Counter-current Chromatography 1 2 3 1 1* Soon Jung Choi , Min Young Lee , Soon Sung Lim , Hyoung Jo , Sang Hoon Jung 1 Functional Food Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute, Gangneung 210-340, Republic of Korea, 2Center for Efficacy Assessment and Development of Functional Foods and Drugs, 3 Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea Neuroprotective Effects of 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic Acid, Isolated from Gymnaster koraiensis against Oxidative Stress in vitro and in vivo Kyung-A Kim1, Kui Dong Kang2, Eun Ha Lee1, Chu Won Nho1, Sang Hoon Jung1* 1 2 Functional Food Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, The Catholic University of Korea Retrogradation Kinetics of Conventionally and UHP-assisted Dual-modified Cornstarches Ah Ra Cho2*, Sang-Kab Kim2, Sung-Won Choi2, Nam-Yoon Hur2, Byung-Yong Kim1, Moo-Yeol Baik1 1 Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea, 2Hotel and Culinary Arts Division, Osan University, Osan, Korea Effects of Chlorogenic Acid on Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia Rat Model * Jinhyun Bae, Youngmin Bu Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Seoul. 130-701 Prophylactic Effect of Honeysuckle on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-induced Colitis Mice Model by Inhibition of Th1/Th17 Response Yumi Bang2, Jae-Woo Park1*, Jinhyun Bae2, Youngmin Bu2 1 2 Department of internal medicine, College of Oriental medicine, Seoul, 130-701, Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Seoul, 130-701 Aesculin Inhibits Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression via p38 Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase and Activator Protein 1 in Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 Cells Hee-Jung Choi1, Myungsoo Joo1, Jaeho Cha2, Ki-Tae Ha1* 1 2 Division of Applied Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735 The Aqueous Extract of Gleditsia sinesis Ameliorates Acute Lung Inflammation via Activation of Nrf2 Kyun Ha Kim1, Min Jung Kwun1, Jun-Young Choi1,2, Chang Woo Han1,2, Han-Sol Jeong1, Ki-Tae Ha1, Sei-Ryang Oh3, Jaeho Cha4, Myungsoo Joo1* 1 2 School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Korean Medicine Hospital, Pusan 3 National University, Yangsan 626-870, Immune Modulator Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang 363-883, 4Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735
www.ksabc.or.kr |

PBM-47

PBM-48

PBM-49

PBM-50

PBM-51

PBM-52

PBM-53

39

PBM-54

Glycosylation Confers Anti-inflammatory Activity to Aseculin Kyun Ha Kim1, Min Jung Kwun1, Chang Woo Han1,2, Hyunsu Park3, Kyoung-Hwa Choi3, Ki-Tae Ha1, Myungsoo Joo1, Jaeho Cha3* 1 2 School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Korean Medicine Hospital, Pusan 3 National University, Yangsan 626-870, Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735 Dynamic Biofilm Formation of Escherichia coli JH81 at Low Temperature Jeonghwan Jang1, Yae-Seul Suh1, Doris Y.W. Di1, Hor-Gil Hur1,2* 1 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Oryong-dong, 2 Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea, International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea Three-dimensional Molecular Field Analysis of a Series of Molecules as BVDV Inhibitors Han-ha Chai*, Igsun Kim, Dajeong Lim, Junghyun Ahn, Mirim Park, Hwan-Hoo Seong Animal Genomics & Bioinformetics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA Beneficial Effect of Gastrointestinal Digest of Haliotis Discus Hannai Intestinal on Osteoblastic Cell Differentiation * Minh Hong Thi Nguyen, Zhong-Ji Qian, Won-Kyo Jung Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research & Education Center, Chosun University Protective Effects of the Compound Isolated from Alnus japonica on Oxidative Stress-induced Transformed Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGC-5) Hyoung Jo1, Min Young Lee2, Soon Sung Lim3, Soon Jung Choi1, Sang Hoon Jung1* 1 2 Funtional food center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute, 2 Center for 3 Efficacy Assessment and Development of Functional Foods and Drugs, Hallym University, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University Abalone Intestine Hydrolysates Inhibit LPS-induced Inducible NO Synthase Expression in Macrophages Cell via MAP Kinase Pathway * Phuong Hong Nguyen, Zhong-Ji Qian, Won-Kyo Jung Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research & Education Center, Chosun University Inhibition MMP-2 and MMP-9 Activity of Different Molecule Weight Fractions by Membrane System from Haliotis discus hannai in the HT1080 Cells Van-Tinh Nguyen, Zhong-Ji Qian, Wong-Kyo Jung* Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research & Education Center, Chosun University Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Haliotis discus hannai in Macrophage Cells 1 2 2 1* Zhong-Ji Qian , Jun Sik Lee , Mi Eun Kim , Won-Kyo Jung 1 Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research & Education Center, Chosun University, 2 Department of Biology, College of Natural Science, Chosun University Protective Effects of Fermented Marine Microalgae, Pavlova lutheri against Oxidative Stress in Macrophage Cells * Zhong-Ji Qian, Won-Kyo Jung Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research & Education Center, Chosun University

PBM-55

PBM-56

PBM-57

PBM-58

PBM-59

PBM-60

PBM-61

PBM-62

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PBM-63

The Rapid Identification of Antioxidants of Salsola komarovii Extract by the HPLC Coupled to an On-line ABTS+ Based Assay and HPLC-ESI/MS Hee Ju Lee, Cheol-Ho Pan, Chul Young Kim* Functional Food Center, KIST Gangneung Institute, Techno Valley, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 210-340, Korea Protective Effect of Momordica charantia from Nitric Oxide-induced Inflammation 1 2 2 2 1* 3* Seung Mi Sin , So-Youn Mok , Sanghyun Lee , Kye Man Cho , Eun Ju Cho , Hyun Young Kim 1 2 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea, Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Korea, 3Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Korea Regulation of Allergic Reaction by Using Traditional Korean Medicine Theory 1* 1 1 1 1 2 Hyung-Min Kim , Na-Ra Han , Phil-Dong Moon , Sun-Young Nam , Young-Sick Kim , Hyun-Ja Jeong 1 Department of Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 2Biochip Research Center, Hoseo University Protective Role of Tartary Buckwheat from A25-35-induced Cognition Impairment Ji Yeon Choi1, Hae Song Lee1, Jeong Min Lee2, Young-Ho Yoon3, Eun Ju Cho1*, Sanghyun Lee2* 1 2 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea, Department 3 of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Korea, Highland Agriculture Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science, Pyeongchang 232-955, Korea Effect of Antioxidant and Physiological Activitiesof Extractsfrom Castanea crenata Inner Shell Gap- Seon Kim1, Seung- A Lee2, Gi-Dong Lee2, Jin-Tae Lee3, Soon-Ju Cheon3, Hyo-Gwon Im2, Dae-Jun Kwoen2* 1 2 Department Faculty of Environmental studies, Keimyung University, Daegu 704-701, Korea, Department 3 Biohealth Convergence Center, Daegu Techonopark, Daegu 704-801, Korea, Department Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Hanny University, Gyonsan 712-715, Korea Purple Bamboo-salt Prevents Apoptosis of Auditory Hair Cell through the Blockade of Caspase-1 Activation 1 2* Hyun-Ja Jeong , Hyung-Min Kim 1 Biochip Research Center, Hoseo University, 2Department of Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University Alleviation of Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms by Ikwi-tang Hyun-A Oh1, Kyu-Yeob Kim1, Se-Eun Jin1, Phil-Dong Moon1, Hyun-Ja Jeong2, Hyung-Min Kim1* 1 Department of Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul,130-701, Republic of Korea, 2Biochip Research Center, Hoseo University, 165, Sechul-ri, Baebang-myun, Asan, Chungnam, 336-795, Republic of Korea Isolation and Purification of Antimicrobial Material from Jellyfish, Nemopilema nomurai Ho sung Moon1, Moon-Hee Lee1, Na Young Yoon1, Doo-Seog Lee1, Ho Dong Yoon1, Jung-Kil Seo2, 2 1* Nam Gyu Park , Yeon-kye Kim 1 Food and Safety Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, 2Department of Biotechnology, college of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University

PBM-64

PBM-65

PBM-66

PBM-67

PBM-68

PBM-69

PBM-70

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PBM-71

Glass Transition and Freeze-thaw Stability of Ultra High Pressure-assisted Hydroxypropylated Corn Starch Suntitham Chotipratoom*, Byung-Yong Kim, Moo-Yeol Baik Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in, Korea Oligonol Improives the Abilities of Memory and Cognition under A25-35-induced Alzheimer's Model Yoon Young Choi1, Takahiro Maeda2, Hajime Fujii2, Takako Yokozawa3, Hyun Young Kim4, Eun Ju Cho1* 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea, 2Amino Up 3 Chemical Co., Ltd, 363-32 Shin-ei, Kiyota-ku, Sapporo 004-0839, Japan, Institute of Natural Medicine, 4 University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan, Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Korea Preventive Effects of Herbal Medicines on Carotid Artery Thrombosis Model in a Rat Won Kyung Jeon1*, In Sun Lee1, Hyung-Won Kang2, Yeoung-Su Lyu2, Eun-Jung Heo1 1 Creative Research Laboratory, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 483 Expo-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-811, Korea, 2Dept. of Neuropsychiatry, College of Oriental Medicine, Won-Kwang University, Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea The Increase in the Content of Maysin and Maysin Derivatives from Centipedegrass by Various Stresses 1 1 1 2 3 1* Eun Mi Lee , Seung Sik Lee , Sung Hyun Hong , Jae-Young Cho , In-Chul Lee , Byung Yeoup Chung 1 Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Bioenvironmental Chemisty, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic 3 of Korea, Senior Industry Cluster Agency, Youngdong University, Chungbuk 370-701, Republic of Korea Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Duchesnea chrysantha Extract * Seon Il Jang , Deok Jaae Lee, In Hwa Jeon, Hyeon Soo Kim, Il Young Cho School of Alternative Medicine & Health Science, College of Alternative Medicine, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Korea Combination Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide and Gamma Ray on the Generation of Quercertin from Cyanidin-3-O-Xylosylrutinoside 1 1 1 2 3 4 Seung Sik Lee , Eun Mi Lee , Sung Hyun Hong , Sang-Ho Yoo , Jae-Young Cho , In Chul Lee , 1* Byung Yeoup Chung 1 Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic 2 of Korea, Department of Food Science & Technology and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea, 3Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University,, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea, 4Senior Industry Cluster Agency, Youngdong University, Chungbuk 370-701, Republic of Korea Effects of Divided- and Single Irradiation of Electron Beam on Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Bioethanol Production Byung Yeoup Chung1*, Jae Taek Lee2, Seung Sik Lee1, Jae-Young Cho2 1 Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic 2 of Korea, Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea

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Combined Pretreatment (Gamma Ray and Diluted Acid) Effect on the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Poplar Bark for Bioethanol Poduction Byung Yeoup Chung1*, Jae Taek Lee2, Hyoung-Woo Bai1, Jae-Young Cho2 1 Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea Optimization of Ferric Chloride induced Thrombosis Model in Rats: Effect of Ginkgo biloba Extracts * Won Kyung Jeon , In Sun Lee Creative Research Laboratory, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 483 Expo-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-811, Korea Ingenane-type Diperpenes with a Modulatory Effect on IFN- Production from Roots of Euphorbia kansui 1 1 2 3 3 1* Piseth Khiev , Hyeong-Kyu Lee , Young-Won Chin , Jae Sung Song , Jae Wha Kim , Sei-Ryang Oh 1 Natural Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun ChungBuk, 363-883 Korea, 2College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Pil-dong 3-ga, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Korea, 3 Medical Genomics Research Center, KRIBB, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Korea Protective Effect of Quercetin and Astragalin from Mulberry (Morus alba L.) Leaves on UVB-induced Damage in HaCaT Cells and Balb/c Mice Seon Il Jang1*, Ji Min Park1, Jung-Keun Cho2, Ji Ye Mok1, In Hwa Jeon1, Hyeon Soo Kim1 1 School of Alternative Medicine & Health Science, College of Alternative Medicine, Jeonju University, Jeonju 2 560-759, Republic of Korea, Department of Radiological Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Republic of Korea Constituents from the Leaves of Daphne kiusiana Zuh-Kyung Seong1, Young-Won Chin3, Hyeong-Kyu Lee1, Jae Wha Kim2, Sei-Ryang Oh1* 1 Natural Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun, ChungBuk 2 363-883, Korea, Medical Genomics Research Center, KRIBB, 125 Gwahar-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, 3 Korea, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, 26 Pil-dong, Jung-gu, Seoul, 100-715, Korea Colored Rice Extracts Modulate PPAR Activities thus Reducing Hepatic Lipid Concentrations Hea-won Kim, Mastura Abd Malek, Ji Hae Lee, Hee-jin Jun, Sung-Joon Lee* Division of Food Bioscience and Technology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, South Korea Biological Activities of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck) by Different Light Source Soo-Yeon Lee1, Ji-Young Yoon1, Hye-Ji Jun1, Yun-Ha Ju1, Sung-Pyo Lee2, Tae-Su Kim2, Jin-Young Lee1* 1 Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea, 2Misuba RTech Co., Ltd, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea Cosmeceutical Activities of Artemisia annua L. Extracts * Hye-Ji Jun, Soo-Yeon Lee, Ji-Young Yoon, Joo-Hoon Park, Jin-Young Lee Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea

PBM-79

PBM-80

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Biological Activities of Aconitum pseudolaeve Nakai. Ji-Young Yoon, Soo-Yeon Lee, Hye-Ji Jun, Yun-Ha Ju, Joo-Hoon Park, Jin-Young Lee* Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea Biological Activities of Nelumbo nucifera G. extracts and the Development of Functional Cosmetics 1 1 1 1 2 2 1* Soo-Yeon Lee , Ji-Young Yoon , Hye-Ji Jun , Yun-Ha Ju , Se-Gyu Oh , Ji-Hoon Choi , Jin-Young Lee 1 2 Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea, Ministry of culture & Tourism, Asan city, Chungnam, 336-701, Korea Cosmeceutical Activities of Tetragonia tetragonoides Extracts Hye-Ji Jun, Soo-Yeon Lee, Ji-Young Yoon, Yun-Ha Ju, Jin-Young Lee* Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea Biological Activities of Agrimonia pilosa LEDEB Extracts and the Development of Functional Cosmetics Ji-Young Yoon, Soo-Yeon Lee, Hye-Ji Jun, Jin-Young Lee* Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea Biological Activities of the Lycii fructus, Lycii folium and Dry-Lycii folium Extracts Soo-Yeon Lee1, Ji-Young Yoon1, Hye-Ji Jun1, Joo-Hoon Park1, Myung-Hwa Kang2, Jin-Young Lee1* 1 2 Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea, Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Hoseo University, Chungnam 336-795, Korea New Cytotoxic Neolignans from the Fruits of Magnolia obovata Kyeong-Hwa Seo1, Dae-Young Lee1, Ji-Hae Park1, Ki-Hyun Yoo2, Jae-Woong Lee3, In-Sik Chung2, Nam-In Baek1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology & Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials and Processing, Kyung-Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung-Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 3Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Kyung-Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Acyclic Terpenoids from the Fruit of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) Na-Young Song1, Jin-Gyeong Cho1, Qian Wu1, Hee-Cheol Kang2, Dong Geol Lee2, Nam-In Baek1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, Kyung-Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2R&D center, GFC Co., Ltd., Suwon 443-813, Korea New Diterpenoid and Flavonoids from the Peels of Citrus unshiu Marcovich Kyeong-Hwa Seo1, Dae-Young Lee1, Rak-Hun Jeong1, Sun-Ju Kim2, Hee-Cheol Kang2, Nam-In Baek1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology & Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials and Processing, Kyung-Hee 2 University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, R&D center, GFC Co., Ltd., Suwon 443-813, Korea Flavonoids from the Heartwood of Lindera glauca Blume 1 1 1 3 2 3 1* Gyu-Won Huh , Ji-Hae Park , Qian Wu , Mi Hee Park , Eun-Mi Ahn , Hee-Cheol Kang , Nam-In Baek 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology & Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials and Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Department of Herbal Foodceutical Science, Daegu Haany University, 3 Gyeongsan 712-715, Korea, R&D Center, GFC Co., Ltd., Suwon 443-813, Korea

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Phenolic Compounds from the Heartwood of Lindera glauca Blume Gyu-Won Huh1, Ji-Hae Park1, Gyeong-Hwa Seo1, Yu Jeong Lee2, Hee-Cheol Kang2, Nam-In Baek1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology & Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials and Processing, Kyung Hee 2 University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, R&D Center, GFC Co., Ltd., Suwon 443-813, Korea Flavonoids from Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) Calyx 1 1 1 2 2 3 Na-Young Song , Jin-Gyeong Cho , Gyu-Won Huh , Hee-Cheol Kang , Dong Moon Im , Eun-Mi Ahn , 1* Nam-In Baek 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, Kyung-Hee University, Yongin 2 3 446-701, Korea, R&D center, GFC Co., Ltd., Suwon 443-813, Korea, Department of Herbal Foodceutical Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Korea New Phlorotannin from a Brown Alga Ecklonia Cava and the Activity Ji-Hae Park1, Su-Yeon Kim1, Sabina Shrestha1, Hye-Im Yong2, Sueng-Mock Cho2, Dae-Seok Han2, Nam-In Baek1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology & Graduate School of Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Republic of Korea, 2Research Division of Food Industry Promotion, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam 608-737, Republic of Korea Structural and Quantitative Analysis of Antioxidant and LDL-antioxidant Flavonoids from the Grains of Sugary Rice 1 1 1 2 3 2 Dae-Young Lee , Sabina Shrestha , Rak-Hun Jeong , Woo Duck Seo , Tae-Sook Jeong , Jun Hyun Cho , 2 1 1* You Chun Song , Yeong-Deok Rho , Nam-In Baek 1 Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Republic 2 of Korea, Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Miryang 627-803, Republic of Korea, 3Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Taejon 305-600, Republic of Korea Cytotoxic Biflavonoids from the Fruits of Rhus parviflora Roxb. Sabina Shrestha1, Ji-Hae Park1, Dae-Young Lee1, Jin-Gyeong Cho1, Ki-Hyun Yoo1, In-Sik Chung1, 2 1* Youn-Hyung Lee , Nam-In Baek 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology, Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Two New Oleanane Saponins from Cowpea Seeds (Vigna sinensis K.) 1 1 1 2 1* En-Ji Cui , In-Sik Chung , Ji-Young Kim , Youn-Hyung Lee , Nam-In Baek 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology & Research Collection of Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Hydroxysitosterols from the Fruits of Urena lobata L. 1 1 1 1 2 2 Sabina Shrestha , Ji-Hae Park , Dae-Young Lee , Jin-Gyeong Cho , Jae-Woong Lee , Youn-Hyung Lee , 1* Nam-In Baek 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology, Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 2 446-701, Korea, Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea

PBM-96

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A New Miroestrol Glycoside from the Roots of White Kwao Krua (Pueraria mirifica) Myun-Ho Bang1, Do-Gyeong Lee3, Yoon-Su Baek1,3, Sung-Kwon Ko2, Chang-Hwan Oh2, Min-Woo Han3, Kyoung-Sook Choi3, Dae-Kyun Chung1,3, Nam-In Baek1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology and Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Oriental Medical Food & Nutriton, Semyung University, Jecheon 390-711, Korea, 3Skin Biotechnology Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon 443-766, Korea Flavonolignans from the Aerial Parts of Oryza sativa Inhibit Neuraminidase in Influenza Virus Activity 1 1 1 1 1 2 Rak-Hun Jeong , Dae-Young Lee , Jin-Gyeong Cho , Kyeong-Hwa Seo , Na-young Song , Woo-Duck Seo , 3 1 1* Hee-Cheol Kang , Yeong-Deok Rho , Nam-In Baek 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology and Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee 2 University, 446-701, Yongin, Korea, Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Milyang, Gyeongnam 627-830, Korea, 3R&D center, GFC Co., Ltd., Suwon 443-813, Korea Lignan and Diterpene from the Cabbage (Brassica oleraceae L. var. capitata) Su-Yeon Kim1, Jin-Gyeong Cho1, Ye-Jin Jung1, Na-Young Song1, Jae-Woong Lee2, Seo-Ji In1, Deok-Chun Yang1, Nam-In Baek1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology and Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Melanogenesis Iinhibitory Activity of Flavonoid Glycosides from Dendropanax morbifera Yoon-Su Baek1,2, Myun-Ho Bang1,2, Do-Gyeong Lee2, Dae-Kyun Chung1,2, Nam-In Baek1* 1 Department of Oriental Medicinal and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 446-701, Korea, 2Skin Biotechnology Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 443-766, Korea Flavonoids from the Roots of a Thailand Kudzu, White Kwao Krua (Pueraria mirifica) Jin-Gyeong Cho1, Hee-Jung Park1, Ji-Hae Park1, Gyu-Won Huh1, Na-Young Song1, Myun-Ho Bang1, 2 2 3 1* Sung-kwon Ko , Chang-Hwan Oh , Kyoung-Sook Choi , Nam-In Baek 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology and Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Oriental Medical Food & Nutriton, Semyung University, Jecheon 390-711, Korea, 3 Kyung Hee University, Skin Biotechnology Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon 443-766, Korea Miroestrols and Norsesquiterpenes from the Roots of a Thailand Kudzu, White Kwao Krua (Pueraria mirifica) Jin-Gyeong Cho1, Hee-Jung Park1, Kyeong-Hwa Seo1, Lak-Hoon Jeong1, Myun-Ho Bang1, Sung-kwon Ko2, Chang-Hwan Oh2, Kyoung-Sook Choi3, Nam-In Baek1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology and Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Oriental Medical Food & Nutriton, Semyung University, Jecheon 390-711, Korea, 3 Kyung Hee University, Skin Biotechnology Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon 443-766, Korea Antistress Activity of Combination Polygonum multiflorum and Acanthopanax senticosus in Mice Jong Hee Choi, Mi Ri Kim, Su Bin Wang, Han Saem Oh, Jae Ho Lee, Sa Rang Oh, Ji Wook Jung* Department of Herbal Medicinal Pharmacology, Daegu Haany University

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Biological Activities of Alcohol Extracts of Some Plants Collected from Saudi Arabia Joo Young Lee1, Deok Sung Bae2, Young Hoon Kim2, Jae Kwon Lee2, Hossam M. Abdallah3,4, Essam Abdel-Sattar4, Cheol-Ho Pan1* 1 Functional Food Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 210-340, Republic of Korea, 2 Department of Biology Education, Chungbuk National University, Chungcheongbuk-do 361-763, Republic of Korea, 3Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz 4 University, Saudi Arabia, Department of Pharamcognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt Hydroxamic Acid-based Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Suppress T cell Function Jae Kwon Lee*, Young Hoon Kim Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea Comparison on Proximate Composition and Fatty Acids of Red and Black Sea Cucumbers (Apostichopusjaponicus) from Ulleungdo and Dokdo Moon-Hee Lee1, Yeon-Kye Kim1*, Ho sung Moon1, Kwan-kyu Kim3, Hyeon-Ah Cho1, Na Young Yoon1, Hee-Yeon Park1, Doo-Seog Lee1, Chi-Won Lim1, Ho-Dong Yoon1, Sang-Kuk Han2 1 2 Food and Safety Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Division of Ocean System 3 Engineering, Mokpo National Maritime University, Fisheries Technology support division, Gyeongsangbuk-Do Fisheries Technology Center SARS-CoV 3CLpro Inhibitory Activity of Phlorotanins from the Edible Brown Alga Ecklonia cava Jang Hoon Kim, Hyung Jae Jeong, Young Min Kim, Ji-Young Park, Su-Jin Park, Young Bae Ryu*, Woo Song Lee Eco-Friendly Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea Changes of Carotenoid Contents between Wild Type and Natural Mutant of Citrus by Quantitative HPLC Analysis 1,2 3 4 1* Seong-Hun Lee , Seung Yeob Song , Suk Weon Kim , In-Jung Kim 1 Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea, 2 Citrus Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development 3 Administration, Seogwipo 697-943, Korea, Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 111 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Korea, 4 Biological Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 111 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Korea The Effect of Bee Venom on Ovalbumin-induced Asthma Model 1 2 2 2 Soojin Park , Minkyu Shin , Moochang Hong , Hyunsu Bae 1 Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center,College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, ,Seoul130-701, Republic of Korea, 2BK21 Oriental Medical Science Center, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul130-701, Republic of Korea Purification of Antibacterial Compounds from Rare Actinomycete MJMGP2 Dong-Ryung Lee, Jinhua Cheng, In-Ae Lee, SangJoon Mo, Joo-Won Suh* Department of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
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PBM-110

PBM-111

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Roles of Positive Regulator and Negative Regulator of FK506 Biosynthesis in Streptomyces sp. KCCM 11116P SangJoon Mo, Joo-Won Suh* Department of Enviromental Engineering and Biotechnology, Myongji Univ., Yongin, Gyunggido, Korea 449-728 In vitro Synergistic Effect of Antibiotics in Combination with Fucoidan against Oral Pathogenic Bacteria Jeong-Dan Cha*, Kyeung-Ae Jang Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Natural Sciences, Dongeui University Secondary Metabolites from the Propolis Isolation Jae-Sung Park, Jun-Young Kim, Young-Ju Ahn, Eun-Mi Ahn* Department of Harbal Foodceutical Science, Daegu-hanny University, Gyeongsan, 712-715, Korea Antibacterial and Synergistic Effects of Sophora flavescens against Oral Pathogenic Bacteria * Jeong-Dan Cha , Sung-Mi Choi, Haeng-Eun Lee Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Natural Sciences, Dongeui University The Biological Activity of the Phenanthrene Constituents Isolated from the Stem of Juncus effusus Jae-Sung Park, Jun-Young Kim, Young-Ju Ahn, Eun-Mi Ahn* Department of Harbal Foodceutical Science, Daegu-hanny University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Korea Stilbene Derivatives Inhibit LFA-1/ICAM-1-mediated Cell Adhesion * Seung Woong Lee, Hyun-Mee Oh, Chang-Kwon Kim, Bo Ra Yun, Mi Hwa Kim, Mun-Chual Rho Eco-friendly Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Jeonbuk 580-185, Republic of Korea Screening of Radical Scavenging Activity and Gastric Cancer Prevention Activity from Korean Folk Plants 1 1 1 2 3 3 3 Ji Myung Choi , Seung Mi Sin , Ji Yeon Choi , Hye Min Kim , Kyung Choi , Jajung Ku , Kwang Woo Park , 1* 2* Eun Ju Cho , Sanghyun Lee 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea, 2Department 3 of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Korea, Department of Forest Resource Conservation, Korea National Arboretum, Pochoeon 487-821, Korea Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils Extracted from Citrus 'Setoka' Mature and Immature Fruit in Jeju Island Sang Suk Kim1*, Mi-ae Kang1, Sun Yi Lee1, Kyung Jin Park1, Suk Man Park1, Nam Ho Lee2, Young Hun Choi1 1 Citrus Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Jeju, 697-943, Korea, 2 Department of Chemistry, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea

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Induction Apoptosis and Synergistic Effect of Nobiletin in Human Gastric Cancer SNU-16 Cells Jeong Yong Moon1, HyoenJi Kim1, Deok Hyeon Jeon1, Trang Thi Mai1, Yeon Woo Song1, Rajendra Gyawali3,4, Kwang Seok Ahn5, Somi kim Cho1,2,3* 1 Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 2The Research Institute for Subtropical Agriculture and Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 3Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, 4 5 Republic of Korea, dKathmandu University Department of Pharmacy, Kavre, Dhulikhel, Nepal, Oriental Medicine Pathological Laboratory, Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center 1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu Seoul, 130-701, Korea Changes of the Amino Acids Composition by Processing Types of Vegetables Su-Yeon Kim1, Bo-Min Kim1, Heon-Woong Kim1, Jung-Bong Kim1*, So-Young Kim1, Se-Na Kim1, 1 1 1 2 Young-Sook cho , Jae-Hyun Kim , Hong-Ju Park , Han-Seok Choi 1 Functional Food & Nutrition Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon 441-853, Korea, 2 Fermentation & Food Processing Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon 441-853, Korea Macrophage-stimulating Activities of Polysaccharides Isolated from the Mature Leaves of Camellia sinensis L. * Sun Young Jo, Hyun-Sun Lee, Hye-Ryung Park, Kwang-Soon Shin Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Gyeonggido 443-760, Korea Protective Effects of Neolignans Isolated from the Barks of Magnolia obovata against Glutamate-induced Cytotoxicity on Hippocampal Neuronal (HT22) Cells Eun-Ju Yang1, Ji Hye Jeong2, Han-Yeol Bang2, Se-Hoon Park3, Jun-Yub Lee3, Kyung-Sik Song3* 1 BK21 Research Team for Developing Functional Health Food Materials, Kyungpook National University, 1370, Sankyuk-Dong, Daegu 702-701, Korea, 2School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 3College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University Optimal Extraction Methods for Determining Tocopherols and Tocotrienols and Antioxidant Activities of Transgenic Soybean with OsHGGT Gene in Seeds and Germinating Seeds 1 1 1 1 1 1 Yu Young Lee , Hyang Mi Park , Choon Ki Lee , Sun Lim Kim , Tae-Young Hwang , Man Soo Choi , 1 1 2 1* Dea-Wook Kim , Young-Up Kwon , Sang Chul Lee , Yul Ho Kim 1 National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 441-857, Korea, 2 School of Applied Bioscience, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea Natural Products That Have Supressing Activites on Phytopathogens- from the Screening Method to Compounds Jeong-Gu Kim1*, Choong Hwan Lee2, Lin Woo Kang3, Sait Byul Park1,2, In Ae Lee4, Joo-Won Suh4, 5 1 Tae Jong Kim , Byoung Moo Lee 1 Genomics Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-857, Korea, 2Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, 3 4 Department of Advanced Technology Fusion, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongji University, Yongin 449-728, Korea, 5Department of Forest products and Biotechnology, Kookmin University, Seoul, 136-702, Korea

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AMP-activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Activating Effect of Ursolic Acid Isolated from Hedyotis diffusa WILLD Han-Yeol Bang1, Eun-Ju Yang2, Ji Hye Jeong1, Se-Hoon Park4, Jun-Yub Lee4, Tae-Lin Huh3, Ji-Eun Kim5, 4* Kyung-Sik Song 1 School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life-Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 1370, Sankyuk-Dong, Daegu 702-701, Korea, 2BK21 Research Team for Developing Functional Health Food 3 Materials, Kyungpook National University, College of Natural Science, Kyungpook National University, 4 College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 5TGbioTech, Kyungpook National University Effect of Volatile Organic Chemicals in the Essential Oil of Heracleum moellendorffii on Human Brain Wave Bo-ram Yeon, Sa-eun Lee, Sungmun Kim* Department of Biological Enviroment, Kangwon National University, Hyoja 3dong 17-1, Chuncheon, Kangwondo A study on the Anti-inflammatory of the Carthamus tinctorius Seed Dong-hee Kim, Tae-Soon Park, Eun-Young Hwang, Ju-young Hwang, Bo-Ram Shim, Dong-Ha Jun, Jun-Ho Son* Product development team, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute for Oriental Medicine Industry A Study on Physiological Effect of Carthamus tinctorius Seed and the Development of Functional Cosmetics Dong-Hee Kim, Eun-young Hwang, Ju-Young Hwang, Tae-Soon Park, Bo-Ram Shim, Dong-Ha Jun, Jun-Ho Son* Product development team, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute for Oriental Medicine Industry A Study on the Melanin Synthesis Inhibition and Whitening Effect of Carthamus tinctorius Seed, Cyperus rotundus, Schizonepeta tenuifolia Extracts Eun-Young Hwang, Dong-Hee Kim, Jo-Young Hwang, Tae-Soon Park, Bo-Ram Shim, Dong-Ha Jun, Jun-Ho Son* product develoment team, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute for Oriental medicinee Industry, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute for Oriental medicine Industry, 712-260, Korea Antioxidant Activities of Solvent Fractions from Persimmon calyx Extracts Eun-Young Hwang, Dong-Hee Kim, Jo-Young Hwang, Tae-Soon Park, Bo-Ram Shim, Dong-Ha Jun, Jun-Ho Son* Regional innovation system, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute for Oriental medicinee Industry, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute for Oriental medicine Industry, 712-260, Korea Chemical Compositions, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oil from Korean Orange Peel Xiao Nan Yang, Sharif M. Al-Reza, Sun Chul Kang* Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyoungsan City, Kyoungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea

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1-hydroxy-2-oxopomolic Acid Isolated from Agrimoniae pilosa Extract Inhibits Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Cells Eun-Kyung Ahn1, Jung A Lee1, Seong Su Hong1, Joa Sub Oh2* 1 Drug Evaluation Team, Gyeonggi Institute of Science & Technology Promotion Natural Products Research Institute, 864-1 Ieui-dong, Yeoungtong-gu, Suwon-si,Gyeonggi-do 443-766, Republic of Korea, 2College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, San29, Anseo-dong, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, 330-714, Republic of Korea Antioxidants from Basidiomycete, Fomes fomentarius Myeong-Seok Lee, In-Kyoung Lee, Young-Sook Kim, Bong-Sik Yun* Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-752, Korea Antioxidants from Basidiomycete, Stropharia rugosoannulata 1 1 1 2 1* Dae-Won Ki , In-Kyoung Lee , Young-Sook Kim , Soon-Ja Seok , Bong-Sik Yun 1 Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-752, Korea, 2Rural Development Administration, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon, 441-707, Korea Computational Approach for the Analysis of Post-PKS Glycosylation Ki-Bong Kim* Department of Biomedical Technology, Sangmyung University Comparative Antioxidant Activity of Different Solvent Fractions from Prunella vulgaris and Inhibitory Actions on Collagenase Eun-Sil Lee1, Geun-Hye Park1, Kyung-Yun Kang1, Hyeon-Jeong Kim1, Jin-Young Lee2, Bong-Jeun An1* 1 Department of Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongbuk, 712-715, Korea, 2Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea Antioxidant Activities of Extracts from Chestnut burs, and Inhibitory Actions on Elastase and Collagenase 1 1 1 1 2 3 Hyeon-Jeong Kim , Geun-Hye Park , Kyung-Yun Kang , Eun-Sil Lee , Jin-Young Lee , Dong-Hee Kim , Bong-Jeun An1* 1 Department of Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongbuk, 712-715, Korea, 2Department 3 of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, hungnam, 336-795, Korea, Development Division, Daegu Gyeongbuk institute for Oriental Medicine Industry, Gyeongbuk, 440-22, Korea Verification of Physiological Activities of the Solvent Fractions from Kaki Calyx Kyung-Yun Kang1, Geun-Hye Park1, Eun-Sil Lee1, Hyeon-Jeong Kim1, Jin-Young Lee2, Bong-Jeun An1* 1 Department of Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongbuk, 712-715, Korea, 2Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea Anti-inflammatory Effect of the Solvent Fractions from Sanguisorbae officinalis L. Extracts Geun-Hye Park1, Kyung-Yun Kang1, Eun-Sil Lee1, Hyeon-Jeong Kim1, Jin-Young Lee2, Bong-Jeun An1* 1 Department of Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongbuk, 712-715, Korea, 2Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea Antifungal Activity of Medicinal Plants against Phytopathogens Dang-Minh-Chanh Nguyen, Dong-Jun Seo, Yong-Su Song, Woo-Jin Jung* Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), Gwangju 500-757, Korea

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Chitinase Activity of Cultural Varieties of Soybean in Korea Dong-Jun Seo, Dang-Minh-Chanh Nguyen, Yong-Su Song, Woo-Jin Jung* Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea New Sugar Derivatives from the Root of Brassica rapa ssp campestris 1 1 1 1 1 4 2 Jin-Gyeong Cho , Qian Wu , Rak-Hun Jeong , Ji-Hae Park , Sabina Shresta , Hae-Gon Chung , Kyung-Tae Lee , 3 1* Myung-Sook Choi , Nam-In Baek 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology & Institute of Life Sciences and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 2 446-701, Korea, Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, 3 Korea, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea, 4 Ganghwa Agricultural, R & D Center, Incheon 417-833, Korea The Antibacterial Activity of Bee Venom 1 1 1 1 1 2 1* Gil-Sun Park , Bo-Kyeong Lee , Jum-Ji Kim , Hee-Beom Yoo , Ji-Hae Kim , Chung-Sub Han , Mi-Young Lee 1 Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, 336-600, Korea, 2 Marketing team, DongSung Pharm. Co., Ltd., Asan, Chungnam, 336-600, Korea

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PesticidesEnvironmental Sciences
Correlation of Annual Ring Growth of Red Pine with Monthly and Annual Variations of Temperature and Precipitation at Anmyoundo Climate Change Monitoring Site 1* 1 1 1 2 Woo-Jung Choi , Sang-Sun Lim , Kwang-Seung Lee , Dinh Viet Hung , Kye-Han Lee 1 Department of Rural & Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, 2Department of Forestry, Chonnam National University Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Surface Water and Waste Water in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam-occurrence and Typical Range in 2010 1 2 1 3 4 3 Sei-Young Kim , Anggita Karlesa , Seo-Young Kang , Eunkyung Lee , Le Thi Hong Tran , Jaeweon Cho , 5 1 Yang Paul , Suil Kang 1 International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology, Gwangju 500-712, 2 3 Korea, School of Life Science and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangu Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, 4 Korea, Faculty of Environment, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Str., District 5 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Mass Spectrometry Section, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, 125 Resources Road, Etiobiocke, Ontario, Canada M9P3V6 Determination of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) in Water from Hospital Wastewater and Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 1,3 1 2 3 3 Do Thi Thuy Phuong , Seo-Young Kang , Eunkyung Lee , Le Thi Hong Tran , Nguyen Tan Phong , 2 1* Jaeweon Cho , Suil Kang 1 International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology, Gwangju 500-712, 2 Korea, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 3 500-712, Korea, Faculty of Environment, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

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Determination of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) in Water from Canal and Drinking Water Treatment Plants (DWTPs) in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Phan Thanh Lam1,2, Seo-Young Kang1, Eunkyoung Lee3, Le Thi Hong Tran2, Nguyen Tan Phong2, Jaeweon Cho3, 1* Suil Kang 1 International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea, 2Faculty of Environment, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Str., District 3 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Instilute of Secence & Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea Automated Solid Phase Extraction of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Surface Water and Waste Water Samples- Method Development and Validation Seo-Young Kang1, Anggita Karlesa2, Eunkyung Lee3, Sungyun Lee3, Le Thi Hong Tran4, Jaeweon Cho3, 1* Suil Kang 1 International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea, 2School of Life Science and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia, 3School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangu Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea, 4Faculty of Environment, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Str., District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Insecticidal Activity of Asarum sieboldii against Termites Chang Wook Jo*, Young Hee Kim, Jin Young Hong, Jeong Min Lee, Mi Hwa Jung, Soo Ji Kim, Jung Eun Choi Conservation Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage, Munji-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-380, Korea Aphicidal Activity of Bacterial Culture Isolation from the Kochujang Si young Yang, In Seon Kim* Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea Aphicidal Activity of MS-1 Isolated from Chojang against Green Peach Aphid (Myzus persicae) Min seon Bong, In Seon Kim* Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea Aphicidal Activity of Biosurfactant-producing Bacterium against Green Peach Aphid (Myzus persicae) Ja Yeong Jang, Si Young Yang, In Seon Kim* Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea Screening of Antifungal-active Microorganisms against Ginseng Root Pathogen Cylindrocarpon destructans * You Ri Yang, Eun Ye Jeong, In Seon Kim Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea Alternative Approaches to Reducing Fungicide Resistance of Bakanae Disease Pathogens Based on Mode of Action You Ri Yang1, Min Seon Bong1, Se Woen Lee2, Si Woo Lee3, In Seon Kim1* 1 Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea, 2 Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Academy of Agicultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea, 3Applied Entomology Division, National Academy of Agicultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea
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Persistance of Prochloraz+Tebuconazole in Mixed Formulation Prochloraz and Tebuconazole in Single Formulation on Paprika Leaves and Their Residual Biological Activities to Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides 1 1 2 3 1* Dong Yeol Lee , Yeong Jin Kim , Min Ho Park , Hye Jin Cho , Kyu Young Kang 1 Divison of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program) & Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea, 2Inspection & analysis division, National Agricultural Products 3 Quality Management Service Gyeongnam provincial office, Busan, 611-084, Korea, Jinju Agriculture technology center, Jinju City Hall, jinju, 660-806, Korea Establishment of Pre-harvest Residue Limits of Insecticide Bifenthrin+Chlorfenapyr in Mixed Formulation and Bifenthrin, Chlorfenapyr in Single Formulation on Paprika Fruit Yeong Jin Kim1, Dong Yeol Lee1, Min Ho Park2, Hye Jin Cho3, Kyu Young Kang1* 1 Divison of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program) & Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea, 2Inspection & analysis division, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service Gyeongnam provincial office, Busan, 611-084, Korea, 3Jinju Agriculture technology center, Jinju City Hall, jinju, 660-806, Korea A New Cyclic Lipopeptide, Chromobactomycin, Contributes Substantially to the Antifungal Activity of the Chitinase-producing Biocontrol Strain Chromobacterium sp. C61 Hyun Jung Kim, Young Cheol Kim*, Si Young Yang, In Seon Kim Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea Characterization of Biocontrol Activities of the Novel Bioocontrol Bacterial Strains 1 1 2 3 1* Seung Hwan Lee , Jun-Kyung Park , Jin-Cheol Kim , Brian B. McSpadden Gardener , Young Cheol Kim 1 Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Korea, 2Chemical Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 3 Daejeon 305-605, Korea, Dept. Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, U.S.A. Genetic and Biochemical Analysis of Microbial Traits Involved in Biocontrol Activity of a Chitinase-producing Bacterium Serratia plymuthica C-1 Jin Hee Lee, Young Cheol Kim*, Seung Hwan Lee, Song Hee Han, Seung Je Lee Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea. Volatile-mediated Inhibition Of Arabidopsis thaliana By A Biocontrol Bacterium, Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6 Ju Yeon Park, YoungCheol Kim*, Song Hee Han Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea Repellent Action of Cinnamon Essential Oil on House Dust Mite 1 2* Ju-Hee Lee , Je-Hoon Oh 1 WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea, 212th Grade, Gyeonggi Suwon International School, Suwon 443-808, Republic of korea

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Effect of GacS/ GacA Two Components System on Motility, Biofilm and Flagella Formation, in a Biocontrol Bacterium, Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6 Song Hee Han, Young Cheol Kim*, Sang A Oh, Ju Yeon Park, Jin Hee Lee Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea Application of Immunochromatography for Rapid Detection of Cd in Rice Grain Sang Pil Lee1, Sung Chul Kim1, Won Il Kim3, Jae E. Yang1*, Yeong Sang Jung1 1 Department of Biological Environment, kangwon National University, Department of Biological Environment, 2 kangwon National University, Chun cheon, 200-701, Korea, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea Biodiversity and Antifungal Activity of Fungal Endophytes in Panax ginseng Cultivated in Korea Young-Hwan Park* Plant molecular metabolic engineering lab, School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea Evaluating Heavy Metal Stabilization in Overburden of Coal Mine Waste with Coal Combustion Product: Column Experiment Se jin Oh1, Sung Woo Moon1, Sung Chul Kim1, Ju In Ko2, Jin Soo Lee2, Jae E. Yang1* 1 Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chun-cheon, 200-701, Korea, 2Institute of Reclamation technology, Korea Mine Reclamation Corporation, Korea Mine Reclamation Corporation (MIRECO), Seoul, 110-727, Korea Effects of Pyrolysis Temperature on Soybean Stover and Peanut Shells Derived Biochar Properties and TCE Adsorption in Water * Mahtab Ahmad, Sang Soo Lee, Yong Sik Ok Biochar Research Center, Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea Effects of Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa R.) and Rye (Secale cereale L.) as Green Manure on C and N Mineralization in Rice Paddy Soil * Jung Eun Lim, Sang Soo Lee, Yong Sik Ok Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea Isolation of Cytochrome P450 Gene from Rosette Gall of Aster scaber and Recombinant Protein Expression in E. coli Seungtae Kang1, Jinkyu Woo1, Doseung Lee1,2, Kyung Hwan Boo1,2, Minyoung Kim1, Hyo Yeon Lee1,2,3, 1,2 1,2,3* Dong-Sun Lee , Key Zung Riu 1 College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 2Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 3Gene & Material Bank for Citrus Breeding, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea

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Agrobacterium Infiltration-mediated Transient Gene Expression System in Leaves of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Kyung Hwan Boo1,2, Quyen Van Nguyen1, Doseung Lee1,2, Chang-Hoon Lee3, Jae Hoon Kim1,2,4, 1,2,4 1,2* Key Zung Riu , Dong-Sun Lee 1 College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 2Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 3Research Development, Jeju Special Self-governing Province Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jeju 697-828, Republic of Korea, 4Gene & Material Bank for Citrus Breeding, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
Improvement of Plant Regeneration and Transformation System in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Quyen Van Nguyen1, Hyeon-Jin Sun2, Fangmeng Duan1, Ji-Hyun Lee1, HyoYeon Lee1,2,4, Kyung Hwan Boo1,2, 2,3 1,2 1,2,4* Pyung Ok Lim , Dong-Sun Lee , Key Zung Riu 1 College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 2Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 3Department of 4 Science Education, Jeju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Republic of Korea, Gene & Material Bank for Citrus Breeding, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea Characterization of Preventive Efficacy of Sulfur Compounds against Pear Diseases in the Orchard Kwang-Hyun Min*, Jeong-Pil Ryu, Sang-Hyun Lee, Wol-Soo Kim, Baik Ho Cho, Kwang-Yeol Yang* Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea Establishment of Maximum Residue Limits for Pesticides in Agriculture Commodities Moo Hyeog Im*, Hyung-Wook Chung, Chan-Hyeok Kwon, Jae-Ho Cho, Sun-Hee Park Food Standards Division, Korea Food&Drug Administration, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 643 Yeonje-ri, Gangoe-myeon, Cheongwon-Gun, Chungcheongbbuk-do Evaluation of Bacteriophages for Its Host-specificity in Microbial Source Tracking 1 1 1 3 2 1,2 Doris Yoong Wen Di , Jeonghwan Jang , Yae-Seul Suh , Tatsuya Unno , Kenneth Widmer , Hor-Gil Hur 1 School of Evnironmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea, 2International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and 3 Technology, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea, Department of Soil, Water, and Climate and Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA Multiple Degradation Pathways of Dibenzothiophene by Mycobacterium aromativorans Strain JS19b1 Jong-Su Seo1*, Young-Soo Keum2, Jong-Hwan Kim1, Min-Chul Shin1, Qing X. Li3 1 Environmental Toxicology Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 305-343, Korea, 2 Department of Molecular Biotechnology, KonKuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, 3Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolates from Urban Surface Waters in Southeast Asia 1* 2 Kenneth W. Widmer , Deby Fapyane 1 International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, Korea, 2Department of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Jl. Dharmawangsa Dalam Surabaya, Indonesia

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The Determination of the Quaternary Amine Compound Paraquat in Sun-dried Salts Using High-performance Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry Hyun jeong Cho*, Jung eun Park, Gi jun Park, Byeong cheol Son, Young bae Son Division of Safety Analysis, Experiment & Research Institute National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, 80 Seonyudong 1-ro, Youngdeungpo-gu, Seoul, Korea, 150-804 Prevalence of blaTEM Gene and blaCTX-M Gene among Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Yeongsan River Yae-Seul Suh, Jeonghwan Jang, Doris Yoong Wen Di, Hor-Gil Hur* Environmental Science and Engineering, GIST, 261 Cheonmdan-gwangiro,Buk-gu,Gwangju 500-712 Transition of Lead Released from 2 Closed Mine Tailings in Paddy Condition to Rice 1* 1 1 1 2 1 3 Won Il Kim , Ji Ho Lee , Ji Young Kim , Ji Hyock Yoo , Goo Bok Jung , Geon Jae Im , Jae E Yang 1 Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Korea, 2Department of Agricultural Environment, National Academy of 3 Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Korea, Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea Development of Numerical Equations for Estimating Total Content of Pb and Cd in Soil by the Multiple-regression Analysis Woo Ri Go1,2, Won Il Kim1*, Eun Yong Lee1, Seong Mook Lim1, Ji Hyock Yoo1, Ji Young Kim1, Geon Jae Im1, 2 Kye Hoon Kim 1 Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon 441-707, Korea, 2Dept. of Environmental Horticulture, The University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743, Korea Effects of Toxic Elements-contaminated Polished Rice on the Oxidative Stress-induced Protein Expression and DNA Damage in Human Keratinocytes Cell * Eun Jung Jeong, Ji Ho Lee , Won Il Kim, Geon Jae Im Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 150 Suin-Ro Kweon Seonku, Suwon, Republic of Korea 441-707 Toxic Elements Contamination in Hair Associated with Rice Intake of Residents Adjacent to Abandoned Mines * Ji Ho Lee , Won Il Kim, Eun Jung Jeong, Geon Jae Im Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 150 Suin-Ro Kweonseonku, Suwon, Republic of Korea 441-707 Runoff Characteristics of Pesticides from Upland and Forest Field under Schizandra chinensis Baillon Cultivation 1 2 1 1 1 1 Sung-Jin Lim , Seon-Ah Hwang , Jae-Taek Lee , Hye-Ran Jeong , Gyeong-Ae Lee , Won-Tae Shin , Jae-Young Cho1* 1 Department of Bio-environmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea, 2 Department of Agronomy, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea

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Runoff Characteristics of Pesticides from Upland and Forest Field under Disocorea batatas Cultivation Sung-Jin Lim1, Seon-Ah Hwang2, Jae-Taek Lee1, Hye-Ran Jeong1, Gyeong-Ae Lee1, Won-Tae Shin1, 1* Jae-Young Cho 1 Department of Bio-environmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea, 2 Department of Agronomy, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea Seasonal Distribution of Trace Environmental Pollutants in Mankyung River- Pesticides, Antibiotics, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons 1* 1 1 1 1 2 Jae-Young Cho , Young-Geun Kim , Sung-Jin Lim , Jae-Gwon Son , Jin-Kyu Choi , Gang-Won Choi 1 2 College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea, Rural Research Institute, Korea Rural Community Cooperation, Ansan 426-825, Korea Seasonal Distribution of Trace Environmental Pollutants in Dongin River- Pesticides, Antibiotics, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons 1* 1 1 1 1 2 Jae-Young Cho , Young-Geun Kim , Sung-Jin Lim , Jae-Gwon Son , Jin-Kyu Choi , Gang-Won Choi 1 2 College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea, Rural Research Institute, Korea Rural Community Cooperation, Ansan 426-825, Korea Simultaneous Determination of 30 Pesticides in Water Using GC-ECD Jong-Hyouk Park1, Nguyen Tan Phong2, Suil Kang3, Jae-Han Shim1* 1 Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biological Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea, 2Faculty of Environment, HoChiMinh City University of Technology, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, HoChiMinh City, 3 Vietnam, International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea Supercritical Fluid Extraction Approach for Avermectins in Soil Jong-Hyouk Park, Jeong-Heui Choi, Joon-Seong Park, Bo Mi Kim, Jae-Han Shim* Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biological Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea Genetic and Functional Diversity of Streptomyces Isolated from Yam Rhizosphere * Sasikumar AP, Seung Hwan Yang, Joo-Won Suh Department of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Myongji University, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea Monitoring of Microorganism in Commercial Liquid Pig Manures Seong-Mook Lim1, Yun-Hee Hong1, Woo-Ri Go1, Ji-Hyock Yoo1, Ji-Young Kim1, Ji-Ho Lee1, Sung-Gi Heu2, 1 1 1* Geon-Jae Im , Moo-Ki Hong , Won-Il Kim 1 Department of Agro-Food Safety, Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, 150 Suin-Ro Kweonseonku, Suwon, Republic of Korea 441-707, 2Department of Agro-Food Safety, Microbial Safety Division, National Academy of agricultural Science, RDA, 150 Suin-Ro Kweonseonku, Suwon, Republic of Korea 441-707

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Isolation and Characterization of Acetanilide Herbicides Degrading Bacteria Sunhwa Park1, Seonhwa Kim1, Hor-Gil Hur1,2* 1 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 2 500-712, South Korea, International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea Development of Calculation Algorithms for Food Commodity Intakes and Demographic Analysis of Average Daily Intakes of Cucumber Products for Korean Seungwon Kim1, Junho Jung1, Sanghoon Ko1*, Young Sig Park2 1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University, Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-747, 2Functional Food Research Center, Korea University, Functional Food Research Center, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Korea Effect of Rhizopus oligosporus CS-107 Strain against Tsugaru Apple Anthracnose in Field Trial 1 1 3 3 2 2 Anil K. Yadav , Sharif M. Al-Reza , Bon Soon Ku , Moon Soo Cho , Seak Won Choi , Ji Ae Seo , 1* Sun Chul Kang 1 Dept. of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyoungsan City, Kyoungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea, 2Research 3 Division, B & L Agro Co. Ltd.,, Andong, Kyoungbook 760-300, Republic of Korea, Department of Horticulture, Daegu University, Kyoungsan City, Kyoungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea Evaluation of Sediment Physico-chemical Characteristics in Jungseonpo River for Jeongcheon Industrial Complex Choong Heon Lee1, Jong Hwan Park1, Ah Reum Kim1, Seong Heon Kim1, Dong Cheol Seo2, Ju Sik Cho2, 1 Jong Soo Heo * 1 Divison of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program) & Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea, 2Department of Bio-Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University, sunchon, 540-742, Korea Environment Impact Assessment for Jeongchon Industrial Complex in Jungseonpo River 1 2 1 1 1, 2 Jong Hwan Park , Dong Cheol Seo , Ah Reum Kim , Seong Heon Kim , Choong Heon Lee Ju Sik Cho , 1 Jong Soo Heo 1 Divison of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program) & Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang 2 National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea, Department of Bio-Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, 540-742, Korea Runoff Characteristics of Non-point Pollutant Sources in Soyangcheon Basin Jae Gwon Son1, Jin Kyu Choi1, Jae Young Cho2, Nam Young Goh1*, Tae Ho Son1 1 Department of Regional Construction Engineering, Chonbuk National University, 2Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University Runoff Characteristics of Non-point Pollutant Sources in Hengjeong Bridge of Dongjin-river Basin Jae Gwon Son1*, Jin Kyu Choi1, Jae Young Cho2, Nam Young Goh1, Tae Ho Son1 1 Department of Regional Construction Engineering, Chonbuk National University, 2Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University

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Storage Effect of Tsugaru Apple Using Rhizopus oligosporus CS-107 Strain Anil K. Chauhan1, Sharif M. Al-Reza1, Bon Soon Ku3, Moon Soo Cho3, Seak Won Choi2, Ji Ae Seo2, Sun Chul Kang1* 1 Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyoungsan City, Kyoungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea, 2 Research Division, B & L Agro Co. Ltd., Andong City, Kyoungbook 760-300, Republic of Korea, 3Department of Horticulture, Daegu University, Kyoungsan City, Kyoungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea UV-mutagenesis of Streptomyces sp. BS062 Antagonistic to Botrytis cinerea Ja-Gyeong Song, Young-Sook Kim, In-Kyoung Lee, Bong-Sik Yun* Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-752, Korea Optimal Culture Conditions of Streptomyces sporoclivatus A0375 for the Antifungal Substance Production Ji-Hee Yeom, Young-Sook Kim, In-Kyoung Lee, Bong-Sik Yun* Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-752, Korea Antifungal Property of SG2-17 Strain against Korea Oak wilt Pathogen, Raffaelea quercus-mongolicae 2 3 1,3* Sang Hyun Lee , Jae Young KIM , Yong Sub YI 1 Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science,, Hoseo University, Asan, 336-795 Korea, 2Division of Forest Insect Pests and Disease, KFRI, Seoul, 130-712 Korea, 3Department of biochemistry,, Hoseo University, Asan, 336-795 Korea Antifungal Activity against the Pathogen of Juglans sinensis Dode 3 2 1,2* Sang Hyun Lee , Jae Young Kim , Yong Sub Yi 1 Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Asan, 336-795 Korea, 2Department of Biochemistry, Hoseo University, Asan, 336-795 Korea, 3Division of Forest Insect Pests and Disease, KFRI, Seoul, 130-712 Korea

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Food ScienceMicrobiology
Determination of Lipophilic Compounds in Rice Using Gas Chromatography-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Ji Yun Jung, Jae Kwang Kim*, Soo-Yun Park, Sun-Hwa Ha, Sun Hyung Lim, Si Myung Lee, Hyo Jin Kim, Seok-Cheol Suh, Dong Hern Kim National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea A Study of Hanwoo Discrimination Using DNA Marker- MC1R, SNP and 45 Species MS Marker Jungmin Ha*, Jin-Il Jeong, Seung-Sik Min, Sang-Ki Lee Drug and Toxicology Division, National Forensic Service, 139 Jiyangno Yangcheon-gu SEOUL 158-707 KOREA Properties of a Cold-active Lipase from Pichia lynferdii Y-7723 2* 2 2 Hak-Ryul Kim , Mee-Hyun Kwon , Sun-Young Park School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea 702-701

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Production of a Novel Cold-active Lipase from Pichia lynferdii Y-7723 Hak-Ryul Kim*, Sun-Young Park, Mee-Hyun Kwon School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea 702-701 Single Wavelength Treatment Increases the Resistance against Rotting Disease in Soybean (Glycine max) Sprouts * Radhika Dhakal, Kwang-Hyun Baek School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University Production of Vegetable Bioconverted Products Using a Bacterial Strain Pcc21 and Their Potential Antifungal and Antioxidant Effects Vivek K. Bajpai, Kwang-Hyun Baek* School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University

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Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam Modulates Neuroprotective and Anti-neuroinflammatory Effects in Hippocampal and Microglial Cells: Effects on HO-1 and Nrf-2 Signals Hye Won Eom1, Sun Young Park3, Eun Yeon Ryu3, Young Hun Kim3, Geuntae Park2, Sang Joon Lee1* 1 Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea, 2Institute for Research & 3 Industry Cooperation, Pusan National University, Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University
Anti-inflammatory Effects of Ginkgo biloba Extract via Nrf2-mediated Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression in Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells Ah Jeong Park1, Eun Yeon Ryu2, Sun Young Park2, Sung Hae Park3, Su Wook Bae3, Young Hun Kim2, 1* Sang Joon Lee 1 Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea, 2Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea, 3R&D Reserch and Dept., Lioele cosmetic CO.,STD., Pusan National University, Busan, Korea Microbial Reduction and Quality Characteristics of Chinese Cabbage by Different Salting Conditions Jung Min Sung, Seong Soon Park, Jeong Ho Lim, Kee Jai Park, Bum Keun Kim, Jin Woong Jeong* Food Industry Services Devision, Food Certification Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongman, Gyeonggi 463-746, Korea Disinfection Effects of Various Sterilizing Water with Dipping Time on Chinese Cabbage * Seong Soon Park, Jung Min Sung, Jeong Ho Lim, Kee Jai Park, Bum Keun Kim, Jin Woong Jeong Food Industry Services Devision, Food Certification Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongman, Gyeonggi 463-746, Korea Properties of Chitinase-producing Bacteria PRC-5 Isolated from Soil Yong-Su Song, Dong-Jun Seo, Dang-Minh-Chanh Nguyen, Woo-Jin Jung* Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea

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In Vitro Antioxidative Activities of Extracts and Various Fractions from Alianthus altissima and Actinidia arguta Planchon Sang-Min Jeon, Jin-Young Lee, Mi-Young Park, Young-Min Lee, Hwan-Hee Jang, Kyung-A Hwang, * Jae-Hyun Kim, Dong-Sik Park Department of Agrofood Resources, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-853 Antioxidant Activities of Solvent Fractions from Isodon japonicus, Zanthoxylum schinifolium, Aster scaber and Aster yomena Jin-Young Lee, Sang-Min Jeon, Young-Min Lee, Hwan-Hee Jang, Kyung-A Hwang, Mi-Young Park, * Jae-Hyun Kim, Dong-Sik Park Department of Agrofood Resources, Rural Development Administration, Suwon441-853 Effect of the Amount of Water on the Physicochemical Characteristics and Volatile Compounds of Makgeolli Hye-Ryun Kim, Ae-Ran Lee, Jae-Ho Kim, Byung-Hak Ahn* Korean Alcoholic Beverage Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute Characterization of Makgeolli Brewed from Yeasts Depending on the Temperature * Hye-Ryun Kim, Jeoung-Mae Son, Jae-Ho Kim, Byung-Hak Ahn Korean Alcoholic Beverage Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute The Antioxidant Avtivities of Extracts from Medicinal Plants Young-Je Cho1*, Hye-Jin Park2, Sun-Ae Kang2, Won-Seup Cha3, Bun-Sung Jo3, Jin-Sung Kim3, Bong-Jeun An4 1 School of Food Science & Biotechnology, Food & Bio-Industry Research Institute, Kyungpook National 2 University, Daegu 702-701, Korea, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 3 702-701, Korea, School of Food Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 742-711, Korea, 4Department of Cosmeceutical, Daegu Hanny University, Gyeongsan, 712-715, Korea The Antioxidant Activities of Extracts from Sambucus williamsii var. Young-Je Cho1*, Jung-Woo Chae2, Sun-Ae Kang3, Won-Seup Cha4, Bun-Sung Jo4, Jin-Sung Kim4, 1 3 5 Sung-Sook Chun , Hye-Jin Park , Bong-Jeun An 1 School of Food Science & Biotechnology, Food & Bio-Industry Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea, 2Gyeonggi-do Forest Environment Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do Forest 3 Environment Research Institute, Osan 447-290, Korea, School of Applied Biosciences, yungpook National 4 University, Daegu 702-701, Korea, School of Food Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 742-711, Korea, 5Department of Cosmeceutical, Daegu Hanny University, Gyeongsan, 712-715, Korea Biological Activity of Ethanol Extract from Amelanchier asiatica Young-Je Cho1*, Jung-Woo Chae2, Jin-Sung Kim3, Bun-Sung Jo4, Won-Seup Cha3, Sung-Sook Chun1, 4 4 Hye-Jin Park , Sun-Ae Kang 1 School of Food Science & Biotechnology, Food & Bio-Industry Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea, 2Gyeonggi-do Forest Environment Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do Forest 3 Environment Research Institute, Osan 447-290, Korea, School of Food Science, Kyungpook National University, 4 Sangju 742-711, Korea, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea

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Antioxidant Activities and Antimicrobial Activity against Helicobacter pylori of Extracts from Dystaenia takesimana Kitagawa Young-Je Cho1*, Jung-Woo Chae2, Bun-Sung Jo3, Jin-Sung Kim3, Won-Seup Cha3, Sung-Sook Chun1, 4 4 Hye-Jin Park , Sun-Ae Kang 1 School of Food Science & Biotechnology, Food & Bio-Industry Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea, 2Gyeonggi-do Forest Environment Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do Forest 3 Environment Research Institute, Osan 447-290, Korea, School of Food Science, Kyungpook National University, 4 Sangju 742-711, Korea, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea Trial to Reduce PAHs Contents in the Process of Sesame Oil Eun Young Kim1*, Jae Ho Ha2, Rae Kwang Cho1 1 Dept. of Applied Biology and Chemistry, Kyung-Pook National University, 2Food analysis center, Korea Food Research Institute Lipoxygenase Inhibitory Activity of Alkyl Protocatechuates 1,2 2 1 1 2 Tae Joung Ha , Ken-ichi Nihei , Hyun-Tae Kim , In-Youl Baek , Isao Kubo 1 Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, 20th Jeompiljero, Miryang 627-803, Korea, 2Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3114, USA Effect of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia) on Nuruk-making Process and Makgeolli Quality 1* 2 1 3 Kye Man Cho , Hyeon Kook Cho , Hyun Young Kim , Eun Ju Cho 1 Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Republic of Korea, 2R & D Center, Farming Corporation OrumJooga Winery, Sacheon 664-070, Republic of 3 Korea, Department of Food Science and Nutrition & Research Institute of Ecology for the Elderly, Pusan National University, Busan 609-753, Republic of Korea Metagenomic Characterization of Fermented Kanjang Reveals Predominance of Frmicutes Bacteria Kye Man Cho1*, Han Dae Yun2, Weon Taek Seo1 1 Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Republic of Korea, 2Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program) and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea Nutritional Evaluation of Deep-sea Fishes Lycodes sp. and Mola mola Hyeon-Ah Cho, Na Young Yoon, Doo-Seog Lee, Yeon-Kye Kim* Food and Safety Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute Physicochemical Properties of Citrus Peel Extracts Using Optimized Hot Water Extraction and Enzymatic Hydrolysis Dae-Ik Kim1*, Sung-Ran Yoon1, Jungeun Noh1, Ae-Kyoung Lim1, Dam Huh2 1 Daegu Technopark BioHealth Convergence Center, Daegu 704-801, Korea, 2Omniherb Co., Ltd., Daegu 706-060, Korea Optimization of Extraction Conditions for Bioactive Components from Citrus Peel Using Response Surface Methodology Dae-Ik Kim1*, Sung-Ran Yoon1, Jungeun Noh1, Ae-Kyoung Lim1, Dam Huh2 1 Daegu Technopark BioHealth Convergence Center, Daegu 704-801, Korea, 2Omniherb Co., Ltd, Daegu 706-060, Korea
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Antioxidative, Anti-inflammatory and Antipruritus Effects of Perilla frutescens Extract Seon Il Jang1*, In Hwa Jeon1, Ji Ye Mok1, Jung-Keun Cho2, Hyeon Soo Kim1, Ji Min Park1, Hyun-Ju Kang1 1 School of Alternative Medicine & Health Science, College of Alternative Medicine, Jeonju University, Jeonju 2 560-759, Republic of Korea, Department of Radiological Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Republic of Korea Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense Extract Seon Il Jang1*, Ji Ye Mok1, Jung-Keun Cho2, In Hwa Jeon1, Hyeon Soo Kim1, Ji Min Park1, Seung-Il Jeong3 1 School of Alternative Medicine & Health Science, College of Alternative Medicine, Jeonju University, Jeonju 2 560-759, Republic of Korea, Department of Radiological Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Republic 3 of Korea, Laboratory of Natural Product, Jeonju Biomaterials Institute Antioxidant Properties of Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense Extract Seon Il Jang1*, Hyun Ju Kang1, Jung-Keun Cho2, Ji Ye Mok1, In Hwa Jeon1, Hyeon Soo Kim1, Ji Min Park1, Jae-Suk Shim3 1 School of Alternative Medicine & Health Science, College of Alternative Medicine, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Radiological Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Republic of Korea, 3Laboratory of Natural Product, Imsil Herbal Medicine Association Effects of Corn Gluten Hydrolysate on Appetite Regulation in Rats Hyo Jung Lee, Han I Jang, Ju Mi Mun, Min Sun Moon, Ji Yeon Kim, Oran Kwon* Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea Glucosinolates in Green and Red Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) 1 2* Sun-Ju Kim , Suhyoung Park 1 Department of Biological Environment and Chemistry, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro,Yuseung-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, 2Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), RDA, 475 Imok-dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 440-706 Quantitative Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Curcuma Longa L. Using GC-TOF-MS 1,2 1 1,2 1 2 1,3* Jueun Lee , Youngae Jung , Juae Kim , Eunjung Bang , Dohyun Ryu , Geumsook Hwang 1 Department of Analytical Research, Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Chemistry, Natural Science Campus, Sungkyunkwan University, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, 3 Republic of Korea, Department of Analytical Science and Technology, Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea Metabolomics Approach for the Differentiation of Astragalus Roots from Different Origins Jeeyoun Jung1,2, Youngsang Jung1, Jinsup Kim1,3, Geumsook Hwang1,3* 1 Department of Analytical Research, Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 136-713, Republic of 2 Korea, Department of Physiology, College of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 540-749, Republic of Korea, 3Department of Analytical Science and Technology, Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea Bioavailability of Nano Particulate of Coenzyme Q10 in Rats Sang Mi Kim, Young Suk Ahn, You Jin Kim, Ji Yeon Kim, Oran Kown* Food and Nutritional Sciences, Ewha Womans University, 11-1 Daehyun-Dong 120-750, Seoul

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Characterization of Dandelion Species Using H NMR- and GC-MS-Based Metabolite Profiling Youngae Jung1, Yun Gyong Ahn1, Ho Kyoung Kim2, Zi-Hey Jang1,3, Yong-Kook Kwon1,3, Geum-Sook Hwang1,3* 1 Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea, 2Center of Herbal Resources 3 Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Deajeon, 305-811, Republic of Korea, Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam University, Deajeon, 305-764, Republic of Korea Study on Metabolic Profile after Oral Administration of Poly-gamma-glutamic Acid in Rats Eun-Jin Kim1,2, Jahaan Kim2, jungju Seo2, Sang-Yoon Choi1, Geum-Sook Hwang2,3* 1 School of Life Sci. & Biotechnol, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea, 2Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science 3 Institute,, Seoul 136-713, Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, chungnam University, Daejeon, 305-764 Comparison of Metabolic Profiles of HepG2 Cells Treated with Pigmented Rice Cultivars Young-Suk Kim*, A-Young Lee, Hyun Chung Department of Food Science and Technology, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea The Identification of Polyamine in the Korean Traditional Food Cher Won Hwang1*, Jae Ho Choi2, Sun Chul Kang3, Gi Seok Kwon4 1 GLS(Global Leadership School), Handong Global University, Handong Glabal University, Heunghae-eup, Buk-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongbuk, South Korea, 2Life Science, Handong Glabal University, Handong Glabal University, Heunghae-eup, Buk-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongbuk, South Korea, 3Biotechnology, Daegu University, 4 Daegu university, Jillyang, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, South Korea, Bioresource Science, Andong National University, Andong National University, (Songcheon-dong) 1375 Gyeongdong-ro, Andong-si, Gyeongbuk, South Korea Effect of Electron beam Irradiation on Dvelopment and Reproduction of Myzus persicae and Tetranychus uriticae 1 2 1 1 1 1 Sung-Jin Lim , Seon-Ah Hwang , Jae-Taek Lee , Hye-Ran Jeong , Gyeong-Ae Lee , Won-Tae Shin , Jae-Young Cho1* 1 Department of Bio-environmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea, 2 Department of Agronomy, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea Rapid Processing of the Low Salt Fermented Anchovy and Its Quality Evaluation 1 1* 1 1 1 2 1 Ho Dong Yoon , Yumi Hong , So Jeong Lee , Hye Youn Jung , Hye Jin Shim , Cheng Liang Xie , Kilbo Shim 1 2 Food and Safety Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Department of Food Science & Technology, Pusan National University Development of Competitive ELISA for Differentiation of West Nile Virus-infected Animals from Vaccinated Animals * Jung-Yong Yeh , Ji-Hye Lee, Jee Yong Park, Mi-Ae Ahn, Su-Mi Lee, Yun-Sang Cho, In-Soo Cho Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Anyang-ro 175, Anyang-city, Gyeonggi-do, 430-824, Korea Detection of the Pre-membrane Genes of the Japanese Encephalitis Viruses from Mosquitoes Collected in 2010 in Republic of Korea * Min-Ae Ahn, Jung-Yong Yeh , Ji-Hye Lee, Jee Yong Park, Su-Mi Lee, Yun-Sang Cho, In-Soo Cho Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Anyang-ro 175, Anyang-city, Gyeonggi-do, 430-824, Korea
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Inhibition of West Nile Virus Replication and Apoptosis in Vero Cells by Sulfasalazine Ji-Hye Lee, Jung-Yong Yeh*, Jee Yong Park, Min-Ae Ahn, Su-Mi Lee, Yun-Sang Cho, In-Soo Cho Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Anyang-ro 175, Anyang-city, Gyeonggi-do, 430-824, Korea Relationship of Antioxidant Activities and Anthocyanin Contents in the 12 Korean Colored Rice Varieties Ki Chang Jang*, Sang-Ik Han, Woo Duck Seo, Ji-Eun Ra, Jun Young Kim, You Chun Song, Mi Jin Park, Kyung-Jin Choi, Hang-Won Kang Department of Functional Crop, Functional Crop Resource Development Division, NICS, RDA Lawsonia Intracellularis Isolated in Korea: Minimal Inhibitory Concentration of Antimicrobial Chemicals Commercially Available Jeong-Min Hwang2, Jung-Yong Yeh1*, Jong-Man Kim2, Bo-Kyu Kang2, Yun-Sang Cho1, In-Soo Cho1, Ji-Hye Lee1, Min-Ae Ahn1 1 Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Anyang-ro 175, Anyang-city, Gyeonggi-do, 430-824, Korea, 2Veterinary Research Center, Green Cross Veterinary Products Co., Ltd., 227-5, Kugal-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-903, Republic of Korea Variation of Natural Colorant Contents in the Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) According to Extraction Conditions * Ki Chang Jang , Woo Duck Seo, Sang-Ik Han, Ji-Eun Ra, Jun Young Kim, Seong-Hwan Oh, Sang-Yeol Kim, Kyung-Jin Choi, Hang-Won Kang Department of Functional Crop, Functional Crop Resource Development Division, NICS, RDA Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Phenolic Compounds from Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) 1* 1 1 1 1 1,2 1,3 Jun Young KIM , Sang-Ik Han , Ki Chang Jang , Woo Duck Seo , Ji-Eun Ra , Bo Ram Park , Mi Jin Park , Sang-Yeol Kim1, Seong-Hwan Oh1, Kyung Jin Choi1, Byong Gu Ko1, Hang- Won Kang1 1 Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration 2 3 (RDA), Department of Food and Nutrition, Keimyung University, Pusan Natl Univ,, Coll Nat Resources & Life Sci Comparative Analysis of Neuraminidase Inhibitory Activity Compounds Contents in the Young Leaves of Variety Length of 10 Barley Varieties Ki Chang Jang*, Sang-Ik Han, Woo Duck Seo, Ji-Eun Ra, Jun Young Kim, Seong-Hwan Oh, Sang-Yeol Kim, Mi Jin Park, Kyung-Jin Choi, Hang-Won Kang Department of Functional Crop, Functional Crop Resource Development Division, NICS, RDA Characterization of Phenolic Compounds from the Grain Sorghum Bicolor by UPLC-Ms/Ms and Their Antioxidant Activities Jun Young Kim1*, Sang-Ik Han1, Ki Chang Jang1, Woo Duck Seo1, Ji-Eun Ra1, Bo Ram Park1,2, Mi Jin Park1,3, 1 1 1 1 1 Sang-Yeol Kim , Seong-Hwan Oh , Kyung Jin Choi , Byong Gu Ko , Hang- Won Kang 1 Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), 2Department of Food and Nutrition, Keimyung University, 3Pusan Natl Univ,, Coll Nat Resources & Life Sci

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Comparative Analysis of Antioxidant Activity in the Young Leaves of Variety Length of 10 Barley Varieties Mi Jin Park1,2, Keun Ki Kim2, Woo Duck Seo1, Sang-Ik Han1, Ji-Eun Ra1, Jun Young Kim1, Kyung-Jin Choi1, 1 1* Hang-Won Kang , Ki Chang Jang 1 Department of Functional Crop, Functional Crop Resource Development Division, NICS, RDA, 2Coll Nat Resources & Life Sci., Sch Appl Life Sci., Pusan National Univercity Phytochemical Study and Antibacterial Activity from the Fruits of Elaeagnus multiflora Dae-Young Lee1, Byeung-Ju Cha1, Suh-Ji In1, Nam-In Baek1, Sung-Hoon Kim2, Min-Ho Lee1* 1 Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Republic of Korea, 2Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea Neuraminidase Inhibitory Activities by Phenolic Compounds from Sorghum Grains (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Ji-Eun Ra*, Sang-Ik Han, Ki Chang Jang, Woo Duck Seo, Jun Young Kim, Seong-Hwan Oh, Sang-Yeol Kim, Kyung-Jin Choi, Hang-Won Kang Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA) Studies on Natural Pigments Content and Antioxidant Activity of Black Rice and Sorghum Harvested in Four Different Regions 1* 1 1 1 1 1,2 1 Ji-Eun Ra , Sang-Ik Han , Ki Chang Jang , Woo Duck Seo , Jun Young Kim , Mi Jin Park , Seong-Hwan Oh , 1 1 1 Sang-Yeol Kim , Kyung-Jin Choi , Hang-Won Kang 1 Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration 2 (RDA), Coll Nat Resources & Life Sci, Sch Appl Life Sci, Pusan Natl Univ, Miryang 627-702, Korea Identification of Phenolic Compounds and Concentrations of Nutritional Constituents in Korean Red Rice(Gunganghongmi) Woo Duck Seo1*, You-Chun Song1, Jun Hyun Cho1, Un-Sang Yeo1, Ki Chang Jang1, Jun Young Kim1, Sang-Ik Han1, Kyung-Jin Choi1, Ji-Eun Ra1, Sang-Yeol Kim1, Seong-Hwan Oh1, Bo-Ram Park1,2, 1 Hang-Won Kang 1 Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, 2 Department of Food and Nutrition, Keimyung University Quantitative Identification of Bioactive Phenolics in Detoxified Rhus verniciflua Stokes and Their Protective Effect on Human Keratinocytes against Oxidative Stress 1 1 2 3 3 1* Chun-Shan Liu , Tae-Gyu Nam , Min-Woo Han , Han Seok Choi , Tae Young Kim , Dae-Ok Kim 1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446-701, South Korea, 2 Skin Biotechnology Center, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi 443-766, South Korea, 3KHU Fermentation & Food Processing Division, Department of Korean Food Research for Globalization, NAAS, RAD, Suwon, Gyeonggi 441-707, South Korea New Bacteriostasis Trial against Antibiotics-resistant Helicobacter pylori with Black Rice Extract and Anthocyanin Woo Duck Seo1*, Sa-Hyun Kim2, Min Park2, Jong Bae Kim2, Sang-Ik Han1, Ki Chang Jang1, Jun Young Kim1, 1 1 1 1 1 Kyung-Jin Choi , Ji-Eun Ra , Sang-Yeol Kim , Seong-Hwan Oh , Hang-Won Kang 1 Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, 2 Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Yonsei University
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Effect of Monascus Pilosus Mycelial Extract in High Fat Diet-induced Obese Rats Sun-Young Lee1, In-Ae Lee1, Sang-Il Lee2, Jae-Won Kim3, Ye-Kyung Lee1, Soon-Dong Kim1, Joo-Won Suh1* 1 Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu Yongin, Gyeonggi-do 449-728, 2 3 Departent of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Arts, Keimyung College, Daegu 704-703, Korea, Faculty of Food Science and Industrial Technology, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan 712-702, Korea Anti-pigmentation Effect of Isolated Serotonin Alkaloid from Korean Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa utilis) Woo Duck Seo1*, Sang-Ik Han1, Ki Chang Jang1, Jun Young Kim1, Kyung-Jin Choi1, Ji-Eun Ra1, Sang-Yeol Kim1, 1 1,2 1 Seong-Hwan Oh , Bo-Ram Park , Hang-Won Kang 1 Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, 2 Department of Food and Nutrition, Keimyung University Effect of Electron Beam Irradiation on Development and Reproduction of Frankliniella occidentalis and Plancococcus citri 1 2 1 1 1 1 Sung-Jin Lim , Seon-Ah Hwang , Jae-Taek Lee , Hye-Ran Jeong , Gyeong-Ae Lee , Won-Tae Shin , 1* Jae-Young Cho 1 Department of Bio-environmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea, 2 Department of Agronomy, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea Isolation of Bacillus subtilis BY08 with Antimicrobial Activity against Bacillus cereus and Listeria monocytogenes Byung-Yong Ahn*, Wei-Jie Wu Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Republic of Korea Emulsification Properties of Biosurfactant Produced from Bacillus subtilis JK-1 Ji Yeon Kim* College of General Education, Inje University, 607 Obang-dong, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 621-749, Korea Induction of Apoptosis by Ethanol Extract of Mango Peel and Comparative Analysis of the Chemical Constitutes of Mango Peel and Flesh Hyeonji Kim1, Rajendra Gyawali2, Thi Trang Mai1, Moonjae Cho4, Jeong Yong Moon1, Ho Bong Hyun1, So Young Moon1, Somi Kim Cho1,2,3* 1 Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Ara 1dong, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 2The Research Institute for Subtropical Agriculture and Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Ara 1dong, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 3Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju 4 National University, Ara 1dong, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, Department of Medicine, Medical School, Jeju National University, Ara 1dong, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea Chemical Properties and Immuno-stimulating Activities of Polysaccharides from Commercial Soy Sauce Moon-Su Lee, Hye-Ryung Park, Sun Young Jo, Kwang-Soon Shin* Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Gyeonggido 443-760, Korea Optimal Reaction Conditions and Substrate Specificity for Trehalose Production by Resting Cells of Arthrobacter crystallopoietes N-08 Yi Seul Seo, Seong Yeong Kim, Ho Lee, Kwang-Soon Shin* Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Gyeonggido 443-760, Korea

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Polyamines and -Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Produced by Isolated Bacteria in Korean Traditional Food (Jeotgal) Young-Ho Nam1, Beam-Soo Kim1, Jung-Bok Lee2, Sun-Chul Kang3, Cher-Won Hwang4, Gi-Seok Kwon1* 1 2 School of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong, 760-749, Korea., Dept. of Optometry, 3 Kundong University, Andong, 760-833, Korea, Dept. of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyungsan, 712-714, Korea, 4School of Global Leadership, Handong Global University, Pohang, 791-708, Korea Evaluation of Proficiency Testing with Qualitative and Quantitative Microbiologic Analysis In Sun Hwang*, Kab-Ryong Chae, Sooyeul Cho, Jinho Kim, Hyeonkyeong Woo, Ji-won Kim, Ji Hyun Lee, Kyoungmoon Han, Jinsook Lee, SoRa Lee, Jiyoung Choi, Kwonyong Eom Advanced Analysis Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 643 Yeonje-ri, Gangoe-myeon, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-951, Korea Determination of 35 Anabolic Steroids in Health Functional Food by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry * Soonjae Kweon , Sooyeul Cho, Jin ho Kim, Insun Hwang, Kyoung moon Han, Hyeonkyeong Woo, Jiwon Kim, Ji Young Choi, Ji hyun Lee, Kwon Yong Eom, Kabryong Chae, Soon young Han Advanced Analysis Team, Toxicological Evaluation and Research Department, National institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 643 Yeonje-ri, Gangoe-myeon, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-951, Korea

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PL

Understanding C and N Cycling for Managing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Managed Ecosystems
Scott X. Chang
Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E3

Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling is directly linked to greenhouse gas emissions in agroecosystems, as the emission of greenhouse gases is itselfpart of the C and N cycling processes. Therefore factors affecting the stability of C and N in the soil will influence the rates of greenhouse gas emissions, which will eventually affect the global climate system. Of the studies my research group has conducted, we found that: 1) the type of land use system has a marked effect on soil C stability, with soil C in the less disturbed system (such as in a native forest ecosystem) more stable than those in highly disturbed systems (such as in agricultural systems); 2) under field conditions, soil surface CO2 efflux under different land uses was influenced by ecosystem C stock, temperature sensitivity (Q10) of organic matter present, and organic matter decomposability; 3) crop rotation exert a large influence on soil surface CO2 efflux; 4) the sink-source relationship of CO2, CH4 and N2O was also dramatically affected by land use change and 5) C and N cycling and the subsequent release of greenhouse gases were effectively changed by the application of biochar, a product created by pyrolysis of biomass and considered to be effective in improving water quality, and in increasing soil fertility and productivity. The application of biochar to the soil was particularly effective in reducing the emission of N2O, a potent greenhouse gas. We conclude that greenhouse gas emissions can be managed in agroecosystems by employing management practices that increase C and N stability to mitigate the rapidly changing global climate.

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AL-1

Unique Substrate Spectrum and Novel Hot-start PCR Application of Nanoarchaeum equitans Family B DNA Polymerase
Suk-Tae Kwon
Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea

Nanoarchaeum equitans Kin4-M was isolated from a submarine hot vent at the Kolbeinsey ridge, north of Iceland [1]. N. equitans is a nano-sized, hyperthermophilic anaerobe. This organism is an extremely tiny cell, only about 400 nm in diameter, growing on the surface of a specific crenarchaeal host, Ignicoccus hospitalis KIN4/I. N. equitans can only be cultivated in coculture with I. hospitalis KIN4/I, and the growth of these cells occurs under strictly anaerobic conditions between 70 and 98(optimally 90. The genome (490,885 bp), one of the smallest microbial genomes, of N. equitans has completely been sequenced [2]. N. equitans family B DNA polymerase (Neq DNA polymerase) is encoded by two open reading frames, separated by 83,295 bp on the chromosome, including a deduced split miniintein sequence. We previously reported the protein trans-splicing and characterization of Neq DNA polymerase from the hyperthermophilic archaeal parasite N. equitans [3]. Neq DNA polymerase is encoded by two separate genes, the large gene coding for the N-terminal part (Neq L) of Neq DNA polymerase and the small gene coding for the C-terminal part (Neq S), including a split mini-intein sequence. The two Neq DNA polymerase genes were cloned and expressed individually, together (for the Neq C) and as a genetically protein splicing-processed form (Neq P) in E. coli. The protein trans-spliced Neq C was obtained using the heating step at 80C after the co-expression of the two genes. Neq S has no catalytic activity and Neq L has the lower 3exonuclease activity; whereas Neq C and Neq P have polymerase and 3 exonuclease activities, indicating that both Neq L and Neq S are needed to form the active DNA polymerase possessing the higher proofreading activity. The protein trans-splicing of the N-terminal and C-terminal parts of Neq DNA polymerase was examined in vitro using the purified Neq L and Neq S. The trans-splicing was mainly influenced by temperature, and occurred only at temperatures above 50 The trans-splicing reaction was inhibited in the presence of zinc ion. The biochemical properties of Neq DNA polymerase were determined using the purified Neq C and Neq P under various reaction conditions. As expected, the genetically protein splicing-processed Neq P showed the same properties with the protein trans-spliced Neq C. The enzyme activity was highest at pH 8.0. The half-life of Neq DNA polymerase in the presence of 0.01% BSA was 183 min at 95 and 62 min at 100. Our results are the first evidence showing experimentally that the protein trans-splicing occurs in an archaeal protein, a thermostable protein and a family B-type DNA polymerase. The known archaeal family B DNA polymerases are unable to participate in the PCR in the presence of uracil. Here, we reported on a novel archaeal family B DNA polymerase from Nanoarchaeum equitans that can successfully utilize deaminated bases such as uracil and hypoxanthine, and its application to PCR [4]. Neq DNA polymerase -6 produced DNA fragments up to 10 kb with about 2.2-fold less error rate (5.53 10 ) than Taq DNA polymerase -6 (11.98 10 ). Uniquely, Neq DNA polymerase also amplified DNA fragments using dUTP(in place of dTTP) or dITP (partially replaced with dGTP). To increase PCR efficiency, Taq and NeqDNA polymerases were mixed in different ratios; a ratio of 10:1 efficiently facilitated long PCR (20 kb). In the presence of dUTP, the PCR efficiency of the mixture enzyme was 2-3 fold higher than those of each Taq and Neq DNA polymerase. These results suggest
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that Neq DNA polymerase and Neq plus DNA polymerase (mixture of Taq and Neq DNA polymerases) are useful in DNA amplification and PCR-based applications, particularly in clinical diagnoses using uracil-DNA glycosylase. NeqDNA polymerase is the first archaeal family B DNA polymerase reported to lack uracil recognition function and successfully utilize deaminated bases. We have focused on two amino acid residues (Y515, A523) in the fingers subdomain of Neq DNA polymerase, which were predicted to be located in the middle of the fingers subdomain, based on amino acid sequence alignment of the Neq DNA polymerase with structurally determined archaeal DNA polymerases [5]. Those two residues were replaced by site-directed mutagenesis, and the enzymatic properties of the mutants were analyzed. Here, we show that the A523 residue located in the middle of the fingers subdomain affects the processivity of Neq DNA polymerase. Mutational analysis has allowed us to enhance protein function as well as understand the function of the residues. One mutant protein, Neq A523R DNA polymerase, exhibited a roughly 3-fold enhanced processivity and extension rate compared to wild-type, enabling more efficient PCR. In the presence of uracil, Neq A523R DNA polymerase outperformed Taq DNA polymerase with enhanced specificity and sensitivity. These results suggest that Neq A523R DNA polymerase could be most effectively utilizedin real-time PCR using uracil-DNA glycosylase without the risk of carry-over contamination. The in vitro protein trans-splicing assay of the split mini-intein of Neq DNA polymerase was carried out using the purified Neq L and Neq S. The protein trans-splicing increased with temperature at 50C and above, reaching a maximum at 80-90C. We contrive novel hot-start PCR strategy using the dependence of protein trans-splicing on high temperature. We could amplify specific target gene (-actin gene or hemoglobin gene) in the presence of dNTP and dUTP using the purified Neq L and Neq S without any other non-specific band. We show that the protein trans-splicing of Neq L and Neq S can provide a hot-start effect for PCR. References 1. Huber H., Hohn M.J., Rachel R., Fuchs T., Wimmer V.C. and Stetter K.O. (2002) Nature 417, 63-67. 2. Waters E., Hohn M.J., Ahel I., Graham D.E., Adams M.D., Barnstead M., Beeson K.Y., Bibbs L., Bolanos R., Keller M., Kretz K., Lin X., Mathur E., Ni J., Podar M., Richardson T., Sutton G.G., Simon M., Soll D., Stetter K.O., Short J.M., Noordewier M. (2003) Proc.Natl. Acad. Sci.USA, 100, 12984-12988. 3. Choi J.J., Nam K.H., Min B., Kim S.J., Sll D. and Kwon S.T. (2006) J. Mol. Biol. 356, 1093-1106. 4. Choi J.J., Song J.G., Nam K.H., Lee J.I., Bae H., Kim G.A., Sun Y. and Kwon S.T. (2008) Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74, 6563-6569. 5. Song J.G., Kil E.J., Cho S.S., Kim I.H and Kwon S.T (2010) Protein Eng. Des. Sel. 23, 835842. Acknowledgment This work was supported by the Marine and Extreme Genome Research Center Program of the Ministry of Land, Transportation and Maritime Affairs, Republic of Korea.

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New Insight into Biological Synthesis of Nanomaterials and Their Applications

Hor-Gil Hur
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology

One of the most fascinating things of microbial interactions with minerals is the use of metals for respiration. By attaching to and transforming minerals, microbes play an important role in the altering minerals near the surface and maybe even at depth. The mechanisms underlying these biological transformations of metals and minerals have not been well understood yet. Dissimilatory metal-reducing prokaryotes have been believed to play an important role in metal and carbon cyclings in subsurface environments, which could be used as applicable potentials to environmental remediation of contaminants and biosynthesis of nanomaterials. Shewanella spp. have received more attention on environmental remediation since they are capable of reducing many heavy metals and radioactive elements to immobilized forms and producing diverse nano-sized secondary minerals. In order to remove arsenate (As(V)) from the solution, a strategy to precipitate As(V) to insoluble inorganic materials was selected. In the culture of Shewanella sp. HN-41, both thiosulfate and arsenate were reduced to sulfide and arsenite, respectively. Bright yellow fibrous or wire-like arsenic sulfide precipitates were formed. Roles of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) or exopolysaccharides were investigated for the nanowire-type formation. In addition to characterization of structural features during the formation by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), the biogenic arsenic sulfide showed electrical and optoelectronic properties which could be applied for perspective purpose. To determine if synthetic ability for As-S nanotues was unique to Shewanella sp. HN-41, ten different Shewanella strains, including Shewanella sp. HN-41, Shewanella sp. PV-4, S. alga BrY, S. amazonensis SB2B, S. denitrificans OS217, S. oneidensis MR-1, S. putrefaciens CN-32, S. putrefaciens IR-1, S. putrefaciens SP200 and S. putrefaciens W3-6-1, were examined for production of the As-S nanotubes under standardized conditions. Four of the ten 2Shewanella strains produced As-S nanotubes via the reduction of As(V) and S2O3 under the anaerobic conditions. While the morphological properties of As-S minerals formed by three Shewanella strains S. alga BrY, S. oneidensisMR-1, and S. putrefaciens CN-32 were similar, the chemical properties were different from the As-S nanotubes formed by Shewanella sp. HN-41. Formation of the As-S nanotubes was closely related to bacterial growth and rate of As(V) and thiosulfate reduction. However, since the detailed mechanisms of formation of As-S is still unclear, in addition to the required arsenate reducing reactions, other abiotic and biotic factors influencing the formation of photoactive As-S nanotubes by Shewanealla sp. strains should be investigated. In addition, we demonstrated the synthesis of chalcogenide ternary (i.e. As-S-Se and As-Cd-S) and quaternary (i.e. As-Cd-S-Se) composited nanotubes through bacterial Se(IV) reduction by strain HN-41 and/or abiotic ion exchange of As-S nanotubes with Cdunder ambient conditions. Microscopic observations and electrical measurements revealed that morphology, crystal structures, and electrical properties can be significantly altered by controlling the composition. These strategies may provide environmental friendly routes to manufacture other nanoengineered materials and devices in cost-effective matter. Shewanella strains was also able to utilize U(VI) as an electron acceptor for respiration under anaerobic condition.
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Shewanella oneidensis strain MR-1 and series of mutants grown in the medium containing uranyl acetate rapidly accumulate long, extracellular, U(VI) nanowires. The ultrafine nanowires with diameter approximately 2~5 and with length up to micrometer level, were composed of polycrystalline chains of discrete meta-schoepite (UO32H2O) nanocrystallites. Wild type strain MR-1 finally transformed the nanowires to uranium (IV) nanoparticles via further reduction of the uranium (VI) nanowires. However, the mutant strain with deletion in the tetraheme cytochrome (CymA), anchored to the cytoplasmic membrane stably maintained the uranium (VI) nanowires. This mutanthas an applicationfor remediation of uranium contamination in sediments and aquifers via physical processes of filtration or flocculation as well as for recovery of uranium in manufacturing processes. Better understanding of these interactions between biological materials and metals or minerals could suggest the green route for synthesis of functional nanomaterias as well as best solutions for environmental remediation of metal contamination in natural subsurface environments.

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IL-A1

Molecular Engineering of Environmental Stress Tolerance and High Yield in Plants

Shigeru Shigeoka
Dept. Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan

The explosive increase in world population and increasing pressure on agriculture through environmental deterioration threaten food shortages in the near future. To improve food production efficiency, crops that mature earlier with enhanced environmental stress tolerance and higher yield must be developed. Photosynthetic carbon metabolism in plants is thought to be one determining factor in plant growth and crop yield. The Calvin cycle is the primary pathway for carbon fixation. To determine the limiting steps of photosynthesis and factors that influence carbon allocation, the study of photosynthetic CO2 fixation in plant leaves has focused on the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. The photosynthetic CO2 fixation can be limited by some homeostatic factors, for example, the partial pressure of CO2, irradiance, and temperature. Although some of the enzymes involved in the Calvin cycle are present at levels well in excess of those required to sustain a continued rate of CO2 fixation, levels of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) and sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase) are extremely low compared with those of other enzymes in the Calvin cycle (Advances in Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,Vol. 1. 81-105, 2008 Elsevier, Oxford ). It has been reported that transgenic plants with a small decrease in the activities of FBPase or SBPaseexhibited a reduction in photosynthetic capacity, indicating that the reduction in photosynthesis results from a reduction in the regenerative capacity of the Calvin cycle. Furthermore, they catalyze irreversible reactions, and their activities are regulated by light-dependent changes in redox potential through the ferredoxin/thioredoxin system. The product of the reaction catalyzed by FBPase (i.e., fructose 6-phosphate) is the branchpoint for metabolites leaving the Calvin cycle and moving into starch biosynthesis. From these facts, it seems likely that FBPase and SBPase in the Calvin cycle are important strategic positions to determine the partitioning of carbon to end products. We demonstrated that cyanobacterial cells contain a unique enzyme, fructose-1,6-/sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (FBP/SBPase), which can hydrolyze both FBP and SBP with almost equal specific activities. This enzyme appeared a good candidate for genetic engineering because cyanobacterial FBP/SBPase has no homology with FBPase and SBPase genes derived from higher plants and is thus less likely to be prone to transgene silencing. In fact, the overexpression of cyanobacterial FBP/SBPase in the chloroplasts of transgenic tobacco plants led to increased photosynthetic capacity insource leaves, carbohydrate accumulation, and accelerated growth rate as sown in Fig. 1 (Nature Biotechnol. 19, 965-969, 2001). The data lead us to the conclusion that FBPase and/or SBPase involved in the regeneration of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate are oneof the limiting factors that participate in the regulation of the carbon flow through the Calvin cycle and the determination of the partitioning of carbon to end products (Plant Cell Physiol. 47, 380-390, 2006).

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Fig.1. Transgenic tobacco (A) and transplastomic lettuce (B) plants expressing cyanobacterial FBP/SBPase

Recently, we succeeded in generating transplastomic tobacco and lettuce (Fig. 1B) expressing FBP/SBPase with a PpsbA promoter and having enhanced photosynthetic capacity and productivity (Plant Cell Physiol. 49, 375-385, 2008: GM Crops1, 322-326, 2010). Furthermore, the effective packaging of multigenes, a FBP/SBPase and a gene involved in value added traits to plastid genomes simultaneously appears to provide more efficientproduction of foreign proteins, like edible vaccines, pharmaceuticals and antibodies in tobacco and crops (Plant Molecular Biology 76, 335-344, 2011). These findings offer a great potential to produce crops that mature earlier and in higher yield and also reduce the atmospheric CO2 level. In plant cells, many metabolic reactions, such as photosynthesis, photorespiration and respiration, involve the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). When plants are exposed to a variety of environmental stress conditions, including low water availability, high irradiance, temperature fluctuations and nutrient deprivation, excess amount of ROS is generated, resulting in oxidative damage at the cellular level (J. Exp. Bot. 53, 1305-1319, 2002; Plant Cell Physiol.45, 1586-1594, 2004). Recently, despite their potential for causing harmful oxidations, it is now well established that ROS are also powerful signaling molecules that are involved in the control of plant growth and development as well as priming acclimatory responses to stress stimuli (Fig. 2) (Plant Cell Physiol 51,190-200, 2010; Plant Physiol. 155, 93-10, 2011). A wide range of strategies, including molecular genetics and genetic engineering approaches, have been used to enhance the tolerance of plants to abiotic stress (Mittler and Blumwald, 2010). Many attempts have been made over the last two decades to protect photosynthesis against stress-induced inhibition by manipulation of component antioxidant enzymes, and an extensive literature exists showing that enhancing the capacity of the water-water cycle through genetic engineering, including the overexpression of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and dehydroascorbate reductase, can improve the tolerance of plants to abiotic stress (Logan et al., 2006). Overall, the enhancement of chloroplast antioxidant defenses has proved to be one of the most effective ways of protecting plant cells from abiotic stress (Fig. 3) (Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 72,1143-1154, 2008).

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Fig. 2. A simple scheme of the interactions between cellular redox state and photosynthesis within the context of plant stress responses and interactions with hormone signaling pathways.

Fig. 3. Ascorbate (AsA) peroxidase (APX)-dependent (right) and Thioredoxin (TRX)/ glutathione peroxidase (GPX)-dependent (left) pathways of H2O2 removal in chloroplasts

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Transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing thylakoid membrane-bound ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in the chloroplasts exhibited enhanced tolerance to high-light (HL) and paraquat (PQ) treatment, a combination that is designed to maximize photooxidative stress (Fig. 4) (Plant J. 32, 915-925, 2002). Similarly, transgenic tobacco and tomato plants overexpressing KatE, a gene encoding an Escherichia coli catalase (CAT) in the stroma, resulted in a greatly enhanced tolerance to photooxidative stress (Plant Cell Physiol. 41: 311-320, 2000; Plant Cell Environ. 26, 2037-2046, 2003; Plant Physiol. 145, 258-265, 2007). In this case, the enhanced tolerance was explained in terms of compensation for the inactivation of chloroplastic APXs by KatE. The physiological significance of the high susceptibility of chloroplastic APXs to inactivation by ROS remains a mystery if one considers only the potential for increased ROS-induced damage. However, from a signaling perspective, the inactivation of chloroplastic APXs may have a regulatory role in facilitating redox signaling pathways under conditions of high ROS production or oxidative stress. Ectopic expression of useful genes from cyanobacteria or Chlamydomonas (Plant J 37,12-33, 2004) into the chloroplasts of higher plants has proved to be effective at enhancing tolerance to abiotic stress. The GPX-like proteins of Synechocystis PCC 6803 are able to reduce unsaturated fatty acid hydroperoxides using NADPH as an electron donor, but not GSH and TRX (Plant Physiol., 136, 2855-2861, 2004). The expression of Synechocystis GPX in Arabidopsis chloroplasts resulted in a suppression of photoinhibition and an increased tolerance to photooxidative stress (Physiol. Plant 128, 251-262, 2006). Recently we reported that overexpression of heat shock transcription factor A2 (HsfA2) or ADP-ribose pyrophosphatase (AtNUDX2) confers enhanced tolerance to combined environmental stresses (Fig. 4). We isolated various HL and heat-shock stress-inducible genes, including a HsfA2, by suppression-subtractive hybridization from Arabidopsis plants. HsfA2-overexpressing Arabidopsis (Pro35S:HsfA2) plants showed increased tolerance to combined stress conditions, HL+ HS plus PQ treatments due to the increased expression of 46 genes, including a large number of heat-shock proteins, APX 2 and galactinol synthase 1 and 2 (Plant J. 48, 535547, 2006). Our findings indicated that HsfA2 is a key regulator in the induction of the defence system under several types of environmental stress (Plant Cell Physiol. 51, 486496, 2010; 52, 933-945, 2011). Furthermore, mutant pqr-216 from an Arabidopsis activation-tagged line showed a phenotype of increased tolerance to oxidative stress after treatment with 3 M PQ. Based on the phenotype of transgenic plants overexpressing the genes flanking the T-DNA insert, it was clear that enhanced expression of a Nudix (nucleoside diphosphates linked to some moiety X) hydrolase gene, AtNUDX2 encoding ADP-ribose pyrophosphatase, was responsible for the tolerance, resulting from maintenance of NAD+ and ATP levels by nucleotide recycling from free ADP-ribose molecules under stressful conditions (J. Biol. Chem. 280, 25277-25283, 2005; Plant Cell Physiol 48, 1438-1449,2007; Plant Physiol. 148, 1412-1424, 2008 151, 741-754, 2009; 152, 2000-2012, 2010; Plant J. 57, 289 301, 2009; Plant Signaling Behavior 5, 839-841, 2010). The evidence described above confirms the importance of the antioxidative enzymes in chloroplasts and the value of genetically enhanced antioxidants and other defense compounds as a mechanism for stabilizing photosynthesis in stress situations. Other metabolites can also serve protective functions in chloroplasts. Oligosaccharides such as galactinol and raffinose, which often accumulate to high concentrations, can also act as antioxidants and function as osmoprotectants in plant cells. However, they differ from AsA (J. Biol. Chem.283, 28842-28851, 31133-31141, 2008), GSH, and tocopherol, as such molecules are generally destroyed as a result of oxidation and cannot be recycled. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing galactinol synthases (GolS1 and GolS2), key enzymes in the synthesis of galactinol and raffinose, had increased levels of these oligosaccharides and enhanced tolerance to enhanced oxidation caused by exposure to paraquat, chilling, and osmotic stress (Fig. 4). Thus,these oligosaccharides can function to protect plant cells from oxidative damage (Plant Physiol. 147, 1251-1263, 2008; Plant Signaling & Behavior 3, 1016-1018, 2008). 86 |

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Fig. 4. Environmental stress tolerance of transgenic plants

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IL-A2

Biosynthesis of Camalexin and SA-Asp by a GH3 Amido Synthase in Arabidopsis

Zuhua He
Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China

As a unique phytoalexin only discovered in Arabidopsis, camalexin (3-thizole-2'-yl-indole) plays important role in defending against invasion of fungal pathogens, which consists of an indole ring and a thizole ring. It has been confirmed that the indole ring derives from tryptophan and its derivatives, and the sulphur atom of the thizole ring was thought from the cysteinederivative glutathione (GSH) through the conjugation of GSH with indole-3acetonitrile (IAN) catalyzed by theglutathione S-transferase GSTF6. However, there is still partial accumulation of camalexin in the IAN pathway-knockout mutants, indicative of an additional pathway involved in the biosynthesis of camalexin. In this study, we found that the level of camalexin was significantly increased (1.5-2 fold) in the GH3.5 activation-tagged mutant gh3.5-1D than the wild-type after pathogen infection, which encodes an amido synthase. The GH3.5 protein could catalyze the conjugation of indole-3-carboxylic acid and cysteine to form indole-3-acylcysteinate in vitro. Inoculation with Psm(avrRpm1), followed by spraying with indole-3-carboxylic acid and cysteine could significantly increase the levels of camalexin. By extensive genetic study, we documented that GH3.5 functions upstream of PAD3 in camalexin biosynthesis, through generating indole-3-acyl-cysteinate, a potential unrecognized precursor of camalexin. Salicylic acid (SA) plays a critical role in plant immunity particularly in the acquired systemic resistance (SAR). SA-Asp is reported so far the only type of SA-amino acid conjugates in plants. We also found that SA-Asp was greatly increased in the gh3.5-1D mutant after pathogen infection. In vitro biochemical experiments showed that the AtGH3.5 protein could catalyze the combination of SA with the Asp to form SA-Asp, which was dependent on SA production in planta. We found that SA-Asp has capacity of defense induction including PR gene expression and disease resistance. Our study showed that SA-Asp could be the source of free SA in planta instead of degradation. Our current study indicates that GH3.5 is enzyme with multifunction in hormone and phytoalexin metabolism.

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IL-A3

Effector Binding to a Co-repressor Complex Sustains the Plant Circadian Oscillator as a Light-responsive Process
Seth Jon Davis
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Carl-von-Linn Weg 10, 50829 Kln, Germany

The plant circadian clock is proposed as a network of three interconnected feedback loops and loss of any component leads to an acceleration of oscillator speed. Our group previously reported that ELF4 is required to sustain this oscillator and that the elf4 mutant is arrhythmic. This phenotype is shared with elf3 and lux. Here I will discuss how ELF4 functions as an effector that restricts ELF3 to the nucleus. Expression data was used to direct a position of ELF3 in the clock network. This predicted directeffects on the morning clock gene PRR9, and ELF3 was found to associate to a phylogenetically conserved region of the PRR9 promoter. A conserved cis-element in this region suggested ELF3 recruitment by the GARP-type DNA-binding protein LUX. Consistent with this, both ELF3 and LUX act genetically downstream of ELF4. From this, by forward genetics and QTL cloning, respectively, two reduced-function alleles of ELF3 were isolated that fail to properly process light input to the oscillator. Their phenotypes in phytochrome-signalling will be discussion. Taken together, a co-repressor complex pivotal to sustain the plant circadian oscillator serves as one input point for light perception to this clock.

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IL-A4

Understanding Stress Tolerance through Genomics

Hans J. Bohnert , Dae-Jin Yun , Ray A Bressan and laboratories
1 2 3

1*

Department of Plant Biology and Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, USA Division of Applied Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Korea Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulazziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

A close relative of Arabidopsis thaliana, Thellungiella parvula is adapted to a fundamentally different lifestyle compared to Arabdidopsis: the plant represents one of the species that we termed extremophiles. T. parvulais extremely salt tolerant, and it is drought and freezing tolerant, while it is equally adapted for life on resource-poor and degenerated soils. We have determined its genome sequence and stress-dependent transcriptome profiles with the objective of comparing how this plant differs in genome structure and expression characteristics from the model Arabidopsis, which does not exhibit any extremophile characters. The genome of T. parvula in seven chromosomes is approximately 15% larger than the Arabidopsis genome ~140 Mb. Very recently we have assembled a new version of the genome which has added centromeric regions to the original assembly. Surprisingly little repeat DNA and fewer transposons compared to Arabidopsis are present. The transcriptome, in terms of protein-coding as well as non-coding transcribed genes, has expanded by approximately 1,000 units. Examples of genome structure, gene complement and gene expression,and some obvious differences between T. parvula and A. thaliana, will be discussed. Our results support the notion that, to a very large degree, all genes that determine the extremophile lifestyle are present in all plants. A major distinction between glycophytes and extremophiles is the number and nature of gene duplications. Characterizing one level of difference is "copy number variation"(CNV) in terms of gene copy numbers in the genome as well as in terms of transcript expression strength and expression control. The second level of differences appears to pertain to protein domain structure and allelic micro-variation by which stress-essential proteins are distinguished from stress-sensitive species by minute alterations. Considering crop breeding in the age of genomics, we point to the importance of selecting extremophile characters, which are now revealed, that may be present in crop species. Alternatively, selecting segments of genomes from wild, stress-adapted relatives of crop species can be carried out, and transgenically introducing what is missing in our crops is now within reach. Maheshi Dassanayake, Dong-Ha Oh, Jeffrey S. Haas, Alvaro Hernandez, Hyewon Hong, Shahjahan Ali, Dae-Jin Yun, Ray A. Bressan, Jian-Kang Zhu, Hans J. Bohnert and John M. Cheeseman (2011) The genome of the extremophile crucifer Thellungiella parvula. Nature Genetics, epub, August 8, 2011.

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IL-A5

Arabidopsis Iap-like Protein Lacks a Bir Domain and Attenuates Cell Death in Plant and Animal Systems
Min Gab Kim
Department Pharmacy, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea

A novel Arabidopsis thaliana inhibitor of apoptosis was identified by sequence homology to other known inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins. Arabidopsis IAP-like protein (AtILP) contained a carboxy-terminal RING finger domain but lacked a baculovirus IAP repeat (BIR) domain, which is essential for anti-apoptotic activity in other IAP family members. The expression of AtILP in HeLa cells conferred resistance against tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-/ActD-induced apoptosis through the inactivation of caspase activity. In contrast to the carboxy-terminal RING domain of AtILP, which did not inhibit the activity of caspase-3, the N-terminal region, despite displaying no homology to known BIR domains, potently inhibited the activity of caspase-3 in vitro and blocked TNF-/ActD-induced apoptosis. The anti-apoptotic activity of the AtILP N-terminal domain observed in plants was reproduced in an animal system. Transgenic Arabidopsis lines over-expressing AtILP exhibited anti-apoptotic activity when challenged with the fungal toxin fumonisin B1, an agent that induces apoptosis-like cell death in plants. In AtIPL transgenic plants, suppression of cell death was accompanied by inhibition of caspase activation and DNA fragmentation. Over-expression of AtILP also attenuated effector protein-induced cell death and increased the growth of an avirulent bacterial pathogen. The current results demonstrated the existence of a novel plant IAP-like protein that prevents caspase activation in Arabidopsis, and showed that a plant anti-apoptosis gene functions similarly in plant and animal systems.

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IL-A6

Release of SOS2 Kinase from Sequestration with GIGANTEA Determines Extreme Salt Tolerance
Woe-Yeon Kim , Zahir Ali1, Su Jung Park , Hee Jin Park , Joon-Yung Cha1, Javier Perez-Hormaeche , Francisco Javier Quintero , Gilok Shin , Mi Ri Kim , 1 4 1 1 1,3,4 Zhang Qiang , Muppala Reddy , Hyeong Cheol Park , Sang Yeol Lee , Ray A. Bressan , Jose M. Pardo , Hans J. Bohnert
1

1*

1,5,6

, Dae-Jin Yun

1*

Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660701, South Korea,

Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41012 Sevilla, Spain,
3

Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA,
4

Center for Plant Stress Genomics and Technology, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Department of Plant Biology, 6Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA

Environmental challenges to plants typically entail retardation of vegetative growth and delay or cessation of flowering. We have uncovered a link between flowering time gene, GIGANTEA (GI) and adaptation to salt stress. GI, an important switch in the photoperiod pathway1-3 and the SNF1-related protein kinase SOS2 in the SOS (Salt-Overly-Sensitive) pathway4,5 functionally interact. In the absence of stress the inhibition of SOS2 kinase activity due to its presence in a complex with GI precludes activation of SOS1, the major plant Na+/H+-antiporter6 that mediates adaptation to salinity. GI overexpressing, rapidly flowering plants show enhanced salt sensitivity, whereas gi mutants1 exhibit enhanced salinity tolerance and delayed flowering. The GI-SOS2 interaction introduces a higher order regulatory circuit that can explain in molecular terms the long observed connection between flowering and stress perception for the integration of important environmental adaptive responses.

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IL-A7

Molecular Systems Biology of Aging and Senescence in Arabidopsis

Pyung Ok Lim , Ji Hyung Jun , Seung Hee Choi Il-Hwan Lee , Yu Wang Kim , Hye Ryun Woo , Dae Hee Whang and Hong Gil Nam
1

1*

2,

2,3

Department of Science Education & Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
2

Division of Molecular Life Sciences

School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, POSTECH, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea,
4

Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

Aging is a life history strategy, a process of functional switching of cells, organs, and organisms, although it includes some wear and tear processes inevitably. Leaf senescence and the associated cell death in plants serve as a mean to facilitate nutrient recovery and recycling to developing seeds or other organs. Thus, the fine tuning of the initiation and progression of leaf senescence is critical to optimize plants fitness. We are trying to understand what the age-dependent molecular program is, how the age-dependent program is operating for the functional switching, and how this program has evolved. In our recent research, we identified the trifurcate feed forward pathway for age-dependent cell death involving EIN2, ORE1, and miR164. We found that inyoung stage of Arabidopsis leaves, miR164 suppress ORE1 which functions positively in aging-induced cell death. But in old stage, EIN2 suppresses miR164 and induces ORE1 expression, which leads to age-dependent cell death in leaves. Currently, we are trying to expand our knowledge on understanding the function of the trifurcate pathway in age-dependent cell death process through genetic analysis and systems approach. We are also investigating the RNA network in control of leaf senescence and aging process.We are in the process of analyzing the RNA expression pattern along the plant aging utilizing next generation sequencing technology.

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IL-A8

Photosynthetic Carbon Exchange Rates as an Indicator for the Identification of Genetic and Biochemical Factors to Improve Crop Yield Productivities
Donghern Kim , Gang-Seob Lee, An-Cheol Chang, Keun-Pyo Lee, Soo-Jin Kim
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, NAAS, RDA
*

Various genetic as well as environmental factors affect photosynthetic carbon metabolism in plants. In Bio-Crops Development Division at NAAS, we have been conducting a couple of research projects to identify such factors. In the first project, photosynthetic carbon exchange rates, A/Ci curves and activities of enzymes involved in PCR of 164 recombinant inbred lines obtained from crossing between Milyang23 and Gihobyeo (MG RILs). The photosynthetic carbon exchange rates were varied among the MG RILs. When several enzyme activities were compared among members of MG RILs which were selected based on their photosynthetic activities, it was found that either RubisCO initial activity or RubisCO activation status is well correlated. The slope of A/Ci curve of MG RILs are also well correlated to the measured RubisCO activities. In the second project, changes in photosynthetic carbon exchange rates and stomatal conductance under environmental stress conditions using transgenic plants in which 57kD auxin binding protein genes are either overexpressed or reduced (RNAi lines). It was found that rapid stomatal closure and the decrease of photosynthesis rate took place when the overexpressed lines were treated by 150 mM NaCl. However, the photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were maintained relatively high in RNAi lines. In this presentation, most recent activities and outcomes of our research will be introduced and discussed.

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IL-B1

A Focused New Natural Drug Development within Attractive Therapy Areas

Hyung-In Moon
Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea

For the development of new natural active substances was designed. its purpose is isolation, dentification and characterization of the organic extracted from Korea local plant exerting potent physiological activities, such as anti-oxidant, neurotoxicity, antimalaria, anti-diabet, anti-aging and anti-inflammatory activities. Further more, our final goal is to elucidate the novel natural drugs underlying these physiological activities and to establish scientific basis on development of new natural products sourcefor eco-friendly creating a higher value-added business. In addition, the deeper aim of understanding life itself as a attractive therapy areas has motivated generations of scientists. One consequence of such studies has been the realization that natural products often serve central roles as biological signaling agents. We consider natural products from the viewpoint of the organisms that produce and/or respond to them and suggest how a attractive therapy areas may acquire its role in natural products communication.

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IL-B2

Identification of Molecular Targets for the Development of Pharmaceuticals from Naturally Occurring Phytochemcals
Ki Won Lee
Center for Personalized Food-Medicine System Development, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea

Naturally occurring phytochemicals have been recognized for possessing many health-promoting effects. However, its molecular mechanisms and targets remain to discover still. Recent studies suggest that inflammation is closely related to chronic diseases including cancer, atherosclerosis, obesity, diabetes, neurodegeneration, asthma, articular rheumatism, skin-aging and so on. Extracellular stimuli transmit signals into a cell by activating their target kinases involved in inflammation and the onset of chronic diseases. Phytochemicals can directly bind with specific proteins involving intracellular signaling networks and regulate its activity, leading to divergent physiological health effects. A better understanding about the direct interaction of phytochemcials and target proteins could strongly contribute to develop nutritional strategies for delaying or preventing the development of human diseases. Thus, our current data have focusing on the identification of molecular targets of phytochemicals with health-promoting effects. The recently identified molecular targets and signaling pathways regulated by phytochemcials will be discussed.

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IL-B3

Saudi Medicinal Plants: Future for New Drug Discovery

Essam Abdel-Sattar
Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy,Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

The use of traditional medicine at the primary health care level is widespread worldwide especially in developing countries where resources are mostly meager. Despite the increasing use of synthetic drugs, natural pharmaceuticals have persisted as the treatment of choice for different diseases in societies throughout the Arabian peninsula. Many local remedies used throughout the Arabian peninsula have never been properly explored, researched, evaluated or exploited. But, in last few decades Saudi plants have been scientifically investigated for their different biological activities. Ethnopharmacological search of medicinal plants from Saudi flora may represent a crucial step in the development and new drug discovery from natural sources. Saudi plants and biologically active compounds isolated from these plant species used in traditional medicine can be prolific resources for new drug discovery.

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IL-B4

Lead Compounds from Natural Resources

Hossam M. Abdallah
Natural Product Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King AbdulAziz University, Saudi Arabia

The use of plants for healing purposes predates human history and forms the origin of much modern medicine. Many conventional drugs originate from plant sources: a century ago, most of the few effective drugs were plant based. Examples include salicin (from willow bark), digoxin (from foxglove), quinine (from cinchona bark), and morphine (from opium). The development of drugs from plants continues, with drug companies engaged in large scale pharmacological screening of herbs. A large part of the reason for the importance of natural products in drug discovery is that natural products provide drugs that would be inaccessible by other routes. Natural products can provide templates for future drug design. In many cases, the isolated natural product may not be an effective drug for any of several possible reasons, but it may nevertheless have a novel pharmacophore. The Arabian Desert is considered as a treasure of medicinal plants. The flora of Saudi Arabia is one of the richest biodiversity areas in the Arabian Peninsula. A total of 2250 species (including pteridophytes and gymnosperms) in 142 families are represented in the flora of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. On the other hand Egypt also comprises over 2000 species. My work deals mainly with screening of medicinal plants for anticancer, anti-inflammatory, aldose reductase inhibitors and estrogenic activity. We hope to isolate a lead compound with specific biological activity. In this context, the methanolic extracts of forty species of plants traditionally used in Saudi Arabia for the treatment of a variety of diseases were tested in vitro for their potential anticancer activity on different human cancer cell lines. From these plants Caralluma quadrangular showed potent cytotoxic activity on breast cancer (MCF7), its chloroform fraction was the most active one, its chemical investigation led to the isolation of pregnane glycosides of boucerin skeleton and are now under testing of their cytotoxic effect. Another group of Saudi plants was tested also for anti-inflammatory activity, the results revealed high potency of the n-butanol fraction of Anabasis setifera and Anabasis articulate due to their saponin contents. In the course of our work to ameliorate diabetes complications, the n-butanol fraction of Pecan tree bark, Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh) K. Koch (Juglandaceae) afforded seven phenolic compounds. The isolated compounds were investigated for their hypoglycaemic, antioxidant as well as the aldose reductase (AR) inhibitory effect in lenses of streptozocin diabetic rats. In addition, we are searching Saudi and Egyptian flora for plants with estrogenic activity. The naringinase-treated methanol extract of Sophora japonica L. (Fabaceae) seeds showed potent estrogenic agonist activity. The active constituents from the naringinase-treated methanol extract of S. japonica, were isolated through bioassay-guided fractionation.

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IL-B5

Analogs of Insect Neuropeptides As Rational Tools for Development of Novel Pest Control
Ronald J. Nachman
Areawide Pest Management Research, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, USDA, 2881 F/B Road, College Station, TX 77845, USA

ABSTRACT The pyrokinin (PK) family plays a multifunctional role in an array of important physiological processes in a variety of insects. The strong activity observed for a PK active core analog containing an (E)-alkene, transPro isosteric component in six disparate PK bioassay systems provided strong evidence for the orientation of Pro and the core conformation adopted by PK neuropeptides during interaction with disparate PK receptors. A PK active core analog incorporating a second, novel transPro motif, the dihydroimidazole moiety, was found to demonstrate pure, selective agonism in a melanotropic bioassay, with no significant activity in three other PK bioassays. A second PK core analog incorporating the dihydroimidazole moiety proved to be an antagonist of the diapause-termination activity of diapause hormone, a member of the PK superfamily of neuropeptides. Both of these dihydroimidazole analogs feature a modification adjacent to the primary tissue-bound peptidase hydrolysis site that is expected to enhance biostability over natural PK peptides. The research identifies a novel scaffold with which to design either selective-agonist or antagonist, mimetic PK analogs as potential leads in the development of environmentally favorable pest management agents capable of disrupting PK-regulated systems. INTRODUCTION The pyrokinin (PK) family of peptides plays a multifunctional role in the physiology of insects. In 1986 the first member of the family, leucopyrokinin (LPK), was isolated from the cockroach Leucophaea maderae (1) with over 30 members of this peptide class identified thereafter. All family members share the common C-terminal pentapeptide FXPRL-amide (X=S, T, G or V) and include subfamilies such as PKs, myotropins (MTs), PBAN, diapause hormone (DH), melanization and reddish coloration hormone (MRCH), pheromonotropin (PT), as well as pheromonotropic and peptides derived from the cDNA of moths (1). The PK family has been shown to stimulate sex pheromone biosynthesis in moths (1,2,3,4), and mediate critical functions associated with feeding (gut contractions) (1,5,6), development (egg diapause, pupal diapause and pupariation) (1,7) and defense (melanin biosynthesis) (1,5,6) in a variety of insects. The peptides do not exhibit species specificity and experiments have shown that all of the functions listed above can be stimulated by more than one peptide (1,5,8), and that the C-terminal pentapeptide common to the PK neuropeptide class retains activity in each of the disparate functions. Although neuropeptides of the PK class are potent regulators of physiological processes critical to insect survival, they hold little promise as pest management agents because they are subject to rapid degradation by peptidases in the hemolymph, tissues and gut of pest insects. In previous work, a highly rigid cyclic PK analog cyclo[Asn1]LPK (cyclo[NTSFTPTL]), featuring a transPro, type I -turn, was determined to retain significant bioactivity in several PK/PBAN bioassays, including hindgut contractile (cockroach Leucophaea maderae)(6), oviduct contractile (cockroach Leucophaea maderae)(1,5), pheromonotropic (silk worm Bombyx mori) (3), egg diapause induction (silk worm Bombyx mori)(7), pupariation (flesh fly Neobelieria bullata)(1,5),
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and diapause termination (tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens)(7) assay systems. These results are consistent with the suggestion that a trans oriented Pro and the type I -turn structure holds broad significance for many physiological functions elicited by the PK neuropeptide family of peptides. In this manuscript, we review recent research undertaken to provide definitive evidence of the importance of a trans oriented Pro for a wide spectrum of PK bioactivities and to identify a novel transPro mimetic motif that can serve as a novel scaffold in the development of mimetic selective PK agonists or antagonists with greater biostability than natural neuropeptides. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The C-terminal pentapeptide FXPRLa is highly conserved and thus, shared by PK family of neuropeptides. This pentapeptide has further been identified as the active core in pheromonotropic bioassays (X = S) (1,3,5,6) and in an expressed PBAN receptor assay from the moth Heliothis virescens (2) and S. littoralis (5,8), although the C-terminal hexapeptide YFXPRLa (X= S) exhibits much greater potency. In the pupal diapause termination assay of the heliothine insect H. zea the active core for full activity has been identified as the larger C-terminal heptapeptide sequence LWFGPRLa (7), although the C-terminal pentapeptide does elicit a less potent response. The C-terminal pentapeptide common to the PK class has also been found to retain significant activity in other bioassays, such as melanotropic, pupariation, diapause-break and hindgut myotropic preparations. Nachman et al. conducted a conformational study of the rigid, cyclic PK/PBAN analog cyclo[NTSFTPRL] (cyclo [Asn1]LPK) in aqueous solution containing no organic solvents using a combination of NMR spectroscopic and molecular dynamics calculations (3,6). The specific conformation of this constrained, cyclic analog in aqueous solution was shown to be extremely rigid, featuring a trans-oriented Pro in the second position of a type-I -turn over residues Thr-Pro-Arg-Leu within the core region. A transPro is a defining characteristic of a type I -turn (3,6). Despite the conformational constraint imposed upon the cyclic PK analog cyclo[Asn1]LPK, it was found to retain a highly significant portion of the pheromonotropic activity of the 33-residue Bom-PBAN-I in a pheromonotropic bioassay in the silkworm B. mori. The analog cyclo[Asn1]LPK was also found to retain significant bioactivity in several other PK bioassays, including hindgut contractile (cockroach Leucophaea maderae), oviduct contractile (cockroach Leucophaea maderae), egg diapause induction (silk worm Bombyx mori), diapause termination in the moth Helicoverpa zea, pupariation (flesh fly Neobelieria bullata) assay systems, and termination of pupal diapause in helithines (3,6,7). (E)-alkene, trans-Pro isostere: In order to provide more definitive evidence that a transPro, and a type I -turn, represented the active conformation for the PK neuropeptide class, the PK analog PK-Etz (Ac-Tyr-Phe-Ser [(E)-CH=C]Pro-Arg-Leu-NH2), incorporating a transPro isostere (Etzkorn: Ser[(E)-CH=C]Pro), was evaluated in five diverse PK bioassay systems and on a recombinant PK GPCR receptor cell line. In PK-Etz, the peptide bond of the Pro is replaced with a rigid double bond that locks in the trans orientation (2,5) (Fig. 1). The bioassays used were the pheromone biosynthesis assay in the moth H.peltigera, the melanization assay in the Egyptian cotton leaf worm S. littoralis, the pupariation assay in the fleshfly, Neobellieria bullata, the hindgut myotropic assay in the cockroach Leucophaea maderae, and the diapause termination assay in the moth H. zea (5). Analog PK-Etz demonstrated activity essentially equivalent to parent PK analogs of equal length in four of the bioassay systems (5,7)and on the recombinant HevPBANR receptor cell line (2). In the melanization, pheromonotropic, pupariation and hindgut contractile assays, as well as with the expressed HevPBANR receptor, PK-Etz matched or approached the activity of natural PK isomorphs. The potent agonist activity of PK-Etz provides strong evidence that a transPro represents an important conformational aspect of the interaction of PK hormones with their receptors in the six disparate PK bioassay systems, each representing a different insect species. Dihydroimidazole (Jones) motif: The dihydroimidazole moiety has been previously introduced by Jones and coworkers as a peptide bond isostere (with an amidine as an amide bond replacement) (8). Until recently (8), it had not been previously proposed as a mimic of a trans peptide bond. Nachman et al. argued that the dihydroimidazole moiety can function as a mimic or surrogate of the trans peptide bond, and in particular, a transPro, locking a trans orientation within the constrained five-membered dihydroimidazole ring (Fig. 1). However, whereas the molecular 100 |

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modeling suggests that the dihydroimidazole moiety can function as a mimic of a transPro, it is clear that it is not an exact mimic; and furthermore, is not as close a mimic as is the (E)-alkene moiety mentioned above (2,5,8). Therefore, analogs containing the dihydroimidazole moiety provide an opportunity for either a selective agonist interaction with closely related PK receptorsor as an antagonist, as some receptors may display more tolerance to small deviations from the transPro structure of natural peptides than others. A selective PK agonist: Incorporation of the transPro surrogate, dihydroimidazoline (Jones) moiety into a PK/ PBAN C-terminal hexapeptide sequence led to analog PPK-Jo (Ac-YF[Jo]RLa)(8). PPK-Jo demonstrated strong activity in the in vivo S. littoralis melanotropic assay, matching the efficacy of PBAN and LPK at a dose of 100 pmol. Unlike the parent PK/PBAN hexapeptide YFTPRLa, PPK-Jo is a pure melanotropic agonist in the S. littoralis assay. PPK-Jo failed to elicit significant agonist (or antagonist) activity in three other PK bioassays; i.e., an in vivo H. peltigera pheromonotropic assay, an in vivo N. bullata pupariation assay, and in an in vitro cockroach L. maderae hindgut myotropic assay (8). Therefore, PPK-Jo is a pure, selective agonist for the melanotropic assay. It is apparent that the receptor associated with the melanotropic assay in S. littoralis is more promiscuous than those of the other PK assays, demonstrating more tolerance to deviations from the natural transPro structure. A PK antagonist: Most insects, including heliothine insects, have evolved a period of dormancy to escape the debilitating effects of inclement weather conditions such as winter. Another member of the PK neuropeptide family, the diapause hormone (DH), has been shown to terminate this protective state of diapause in pupae of heliothine moths (7,9). In very recent studies, the dihydroimidazole (Jones) motif was incorporated into the C-terminal heptapeptide active core region (LWFGPRLa) of DH (9), transforming a DH agonist into an antagonist capable of blocking the diapause termination activity of the native hormone in H. zea. The antagonist DH-Jo (Ac-LWA [Jo]RLa)at a dose of 2 nmoles can block up to 50% of the diapause termination activity of native DH hormone (9). This novel antagonist development strategy has provided the first known antagonist of this important regulatory peptide hormone. The antagonist represents a lead in the development of novel pest control agents capable of disrupting the protective state of diapause in insects. The dihydroimidazole motif in PPK-Jo and DH-Jo introduces a major structural modification adjacent to the peptide bond connected to Arg in the PK core pentapeptide, which has been identified as the primary tissue-bound peptidase susceptible site of the PK core (1,3,5-8). Therefore, it seems plausible that incorporation of the motif could enhance the biostability of PK analogs. SUMMARY Incorporation of the dihydroimidazole motif, a transPro isostere, into active core regions of the PK superfamily of peptides, provides a unique strategy for the development of mimetic analogs that can serve as either selective agonists or as antagonists of the broad class of PK receptors. Such analogs provide leads in the development of novel insect-specific, environmentally favorable pest management agents capable of disrupting PK-regulated physiological systems. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research was supported by a USDA-NIFA grant No. 2011-67013-30199, a US-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (BARD) grant (IS-4205-09C), and a grant from the USDA/DOD DWFP Initiative (#0500-32000-001-01R).

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REFERENCES 1. Predel R., Nachman R.J., 2006, In Kastin, A. (ed.) Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides, Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 207-213. 2. Nachman R.J., Kim Y.J., Wang X.J., Etzkorn F.E., Kaczmarek K., Zabrocki J., Adams M.E., 2009, Bioorg. Med. Chem., 17, 4216-4220. 3. Nachman R.J., Kuniyoshi H., Roberts V.A., Holman G.M., Suzuki A. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 1993, 193, 661-666. 4. Wang V.S., Kempe T.G., Raina A.K., Mazzocchi P.H. , 1994, Intern. J. Pept. Prot. Res. 43, 277-283. 5. Nachman, R.J., Wang, X.J., Etzkorn, F.A., Ben Aziz, O., Davidovitch, M., Kaczmarek, K., Zabrocki, J., Strey, A., Pryor, N., Altstein, M., 2009, Peptides, 30, 1254-1259. 6. Nachman R.J., Roberts V.A., Dyson H.J., Holman G.M., Tainer J.A., 1991, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 88, 4518-4522. 7. Zhang Q., Nachman R.J., Zubrzak P., Denlinger D., 2009, Peptides, 30: 596-602. 8. Nachman R.J., Ben Aziz O., Davidovitch M., Kaczmarek K., Zabrocki J., Williams H., Strey A., Altstein M. 2010, Front. Biosci., E2: 195-203. 9. Zhang Q., Nachman R.J., Kaczmarek K., Zabrocki J., Denlinger D. , 2011, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, in press. FIGURE LEGEND Fig. 1. Comparison of a trans-Pro configuration (middle) and the (E)-alkene trans-Pro mimetic Etzkorn (Ser [(E)-CH=C]Pro) motif (left). In this motif, the peptide bond that binds the amino group of the Pro is locked into a trans orientation by replacement with a double bond, which lacks the ability to rotate between trans and cis orientations as does a normal peptide bond (2,5,7). In addition, comparison of a trans-Pro configuration (middle) and the Jones dihydroimidazoline mimetic motif (right; X=N)(8).
H
R R

R N N X

N N O

O
ETZKORN TRANS-PRO (E-ALKENE) MIMIC TRANS-PRO CONFIGURATION JONES MIMIC

Figure 1

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IL-B6

Potent Immunotherapy for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasm Using DNA Vaccine Encoding Human Papillomavirus E6/E7 Fusion Antigen
Moonsup Jeong
Gene Vaccine Project Team, Research Institute of Genexine Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi, Korea

DNA vaccination has become an effective strategy for the development of vaccines against cancer including cervical carcinoma, especially cervical intraepithelial neoplasm(CIN). The formation of CIN is mainly associated with human papillomavirus(HPV) infection. Viral E6 and E7 oncoproteins are suitable for therapeutic vaccination. Here, we have developed optimal plasmid DNA vaccine encoding E6/E7 fusion antigen of HPV 16 and 18 by codon optimization and adding immune-enhancer, Fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 Ligand (Flt3L) and named it as GX-188E. To enhance transfection efficiency of plasmid DNA into body, we used electroporation system, which uses electrical field to increase DNA drug delivery efficiency by up to 1,000 fold with compared to normal injection. Then we evaluated therapeutic potential of GX-188E in cultured cell and disease animal model. We identified our E6/E7 fusion antigen by western blotting analysis, and determined antigen specific T cell activation and tumor specific cytotoxicity of immune response induced by GX-188E in normal mouse. We also evaluated the therapeutic anti-cancer effect of GX-188E in mouse bearing tumor cell, TC-1, mimicking human CIN disease. The treatment of GX-188E induced significant anti-tumor effect by suppressing tumor cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. Some mice were observed to have tumor mass removed (20~50%). The anti-tumor effect has proven to be HPV E6/E7 antigen specific cytotoxic T cell immune response. Our data indicate that GX-188E could become a potent therapeutic DNA vaccine and has therapeutic potentials to treat CIN. Currently, were filing IND for phase I clinical study to KFDA by early October 2011. Key words : DNA vaccine, Cervical intraepithelial neoplasm, Human papillomavirus, Electroporation, E6 and E7 oncogene

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IL-B7

Molecular Engineering of TNF Receptor I (p55) Fragment and Its Application for the Treatment of Local Inflammatory Disease
Eun Sun Kim, Jae Kap Jeong, Ha Na Kim, Yeon Jung Song, Jeonghaing Heo, Seung Kook Park*
Biotechnology Research Center, HanAll BioPharma Co., Ltd., 12F Gyeonggibio-Center, 864-1, Iui-dong, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 443-270

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases. Several anti-TNF biologic therapies have been developed for the treatment of those diseases. Over the decade of experiences of anti-TNF antibodies, it is obvious that the antibodies, as a whole IgG form, are very effective tools for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). As a second wave of TNF blocking biologics, several kinds of fragmented antibodies or antagonistic receptors have been developed especially for the treatment of local inflammatory diseases such as sciatica, hidradenitis suppurativa, uveitis and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in which the whole IgG form of antibodies are difficult to distribute effectively. For those indications, fragmented molecules (smaller and more stable) have advantages to penetrate tissues and target sites more rapidly and deeply than whole IgG form molecules, which, because of such physiologic parameters as interstitial pressure, tend to concentrate at the perivascular binding site barrier. There are two important considering factors, stability and neutralizing activity, to develop anti-TNF antibody fragments. We made a TNF receptor I (p55) fragment, which is one eighth molecular size compared with a whole antibody and extremely stable in the protease mixture and even in the concentrated digestive enzymes. To increase the TNF-neutralizing activity of the fragment which, because of the monovalent binding character of the fragment molecule, is less effective to neutralize TNF activity in physiologic solution than the bivalent binding of whole antibodies, we have engineered the fragment molecule using HanAll BioPharma's proprietary high-throughput protein engineering technology (ResisteinTM) to develop super TNF-blocking molecules. We have developed several engineered fragment molecules show over 10-fold increase in equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd value) by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis and about 200-fold improvement in the TNFneutralizing activity in cellular cytotoxicity assay compared with the wild type molecule. We also confirmed the superior tissue distribution and anti-inflammatory effect of the engineered molecules in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model in mice compared with the whole IgG form molecule. HanAll BioPharma has been developing candidate molecules for the treatment of local inflammatory diseases, such as uveitis and inflammatory bowel diseases via non-parenteral administration route.

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Poster Session

IL-B8

Introduction of Molecular Diagnostics and Its Application

Hae Joon Park
Seegene, Inc., Korea

Since the discovery of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) by Dr. Mullis in 1983, PCR technology played the important role in molecular diagnostic(MDx) business as well as molecular biology area. Especially, human genome project opened the information related with genetic disease and accelerated the application area of MDx. In this presentation, several PCR technology will be introduced and discussed the future trend of MDx.

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IL-B9

Overview of Antibody Industries & Therapeutic Antibody Development in the Green Cross
Se-Ho Kim
Research Center of the Green Cross Corp., Yongin, Korea

After 30 years of development, therapy with monoclonal antibodies has started to realize its promise. Therapeutic antibodies represent one of the fastest growing areas of the pharmaceutical industry. There are currently over 30 monoclonal antibodies in the market and over 200 in clinical developments. Monoclonal antibodies have promising potential therapeutic applications in the treatment of cancers, autoimmune diseases, viral infections, asthma, and other diseases. Green Cross is one of the leading biopharmaceutical companies in Korea and has established platform technologies for therapeutic antibody development such as antibody selection and engineering, cell line development and media optimization, bioreactor scale-up up to 500 L, purification and analytical methods, etc. Based on these platforms, Green Cross is developing several antibodies. In this presentation I will review the global trend of antibody industries and the Green Cross antibodies.

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Poster Session

IL-C1

Veterinary Antibiotics in Agricultural Soils - Fate, Effects and Policy Regulations

Sren Thiele-Bruhn
Soil Science, University of Trier, Campus II - Behringstr. 21, D-54286 Trier, Germany

Pharmaceutical antibiotics and especially tetracyclines and sulfonamides are widely used in modern agriculture for livestock breeding. Antibiotics are mostly quickly eliminated from the medicated body without substantial metabolisation. Consequently, the antibiotics enter the soil environment through the excreta of grazing livestock and the use of manure as fertilizer. Loads may reach a level known from pesticide application. Easily extractable concentrations of the mostly polar and species forming compounds quickly decline in soil, which is mostly due to sequestration, while, especially for the sulfonamides, the formation of soil bound residues, metabolisation and biodegradation are possible but subordinate. Sorption to soil organic matter but also to pedogenic minerals very much depends on pH and varies depending on the physicochemical properties of the individual antibiotics. Furthermore, it is influenced by manure as a complex mixture of mostly organic compounds, which also affects the transport into water bodies. Despite the rapid decline of extractable antibiotic concentrations using mild solvents, clear effects on soil microorganisms occur that increase over days and last over weeks and months. Effects on various endpoints of the structural and functional diversity and the resistance level of soil microbial communities have been shown. Especially the structural diversity has proven to be a good measure of antibiotic action in the soil environment. The worst-case scenario is that pharmaceutical antibiotics find their way back into the human food chain through contamination of water and food plants or that antibiotic resistance is transferred to pathogenic microorganisms infecting livestock and humans after contact with contaminated resources. Hence, in Europe an environmental assessment of veterinary antibiotics was enacted in 1998 and the use of antibiotics as ergotropics was prohibited in 2006. Further measures are under debate.

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IL-C2

Mechanisms of Stabilization/Immobilization of Heavy Metals in the Geoenvironment

Dimitris Dermatas
Department of Water Resources andEngineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5, Heroon Polytechniou Str., Athens, Greece

Heavy metal contamination of the geoenvironment is one of the most challenging environmental problems in todays world. Heavy metals are introduced via several pathways to the geoenvironment and once there, they may retain water solubility levels that will directly or indirectly threaten living organisms by passing onto the biological food chain. In order to minimize or even avoid altogether the adverse effects that heavy metal contamination poses, a wide array of remediation and filtration technologies have been developed and are currently being used with varying degrees of success. These technologies are mostly based on the immobilization of heavy metals in soils and other engineered filtration media and to a significantly lesser degree are based on the extraction of the heavy metals from the contaminated media. In any case, these technologies carry significant financial burdens once tested and applied to actual field scenarios, which, coupled with the inherent uncertainties on their respective effectiveness, makes imperative the understanding and deliniation of the underlying phsysicochemical mechanisms. In this presentation the main mechanisms of heavy metal immobilization in the geoenvironment will be presented and discussed based on As, Pb and hexavalent Cr contamination actual fieldcases involving mainly stabilization/ solidification (S/S) technologies. Knowledge of the principle heavy metal immobilization mechanisms at play, provide the founding block upon which remediation treatment sustainable design and overall effectivenss are based. Consequently, there will also be an overview of the state-of-the-art field and laboratory investigation tools that currently apeear to be the most promising in evaluating S/S treatment alternatives and developing sustainable S/S treatment design and field implementation.

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IL-C3

Polyacrylamide Amendment for Erosion and Runoff Control on Soils of Differing Characteristics
Sang Soo Lee, Yong Sik Ok*
Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea

Soil erosion severely induces the detrimental damages wide world and is getting worse every year. The use of anionic polyacrylamide (PAM) as a soil amendment is an emerging conservation practice. However, guidelines have not been developed with considerations of soil properties and topographic characteristics. The objectives of these studies were to evaluate the effects of PAM, gypsum, or their combination for four dependent variables of time to initial runoff (TRO), cumulative runoff (RO), and cumulative sediment loss (SL) on different soil materials with -3 selected slopes. Each soil material was packed to a bulk density of 1.3 Mg m in soil test beds subjected to a 61-mm -1 -2 -1 h simulated rainfall with a kinetic energy (KE) of 1.5 kJ m h for 62 min. Differences in TRO, RO, and SL for soils, amendments, and slopes were all significant, as were their two-way interactions (p<0.01). Tested soil amendments had varied responses on TRO, RO, and SL within soils. For reducing SL, a high level of PAM had better performance at a steep slope compared to a low level of PAM or <40% slope. Generally, the applications of PAM amendment were not effective in reducing RO, but increased TRO. Differing amendment performance for different soils and slopes make it necessary to continue to understand the soil-PAM bonding mechanisms. This work was carried out with the support of the "Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ0074092011)" Rural Development Administration and the Korea Ministry of Environment as "The GAIA project (No.173-111-040)" in Republic of Korea. Keywords: Soil erosion, Polyacrylamide (PAM), Runoff, Sediment loss, Slope, Soil properties

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IL-C4

The Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Traditional Korean Foods

Sunmin Park
Dept. of Food & Nutrition, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea

Type 2 diabetes is a heterogeneous metabolic disorder characterized by the impairment of insulin secretion from pancreatic -cells and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues such as the liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. Type 2 diabetes develops when insulin resistance is not compensated for by increased insulin secretion. Thus, diabetes can be prevented or delayed by promoting glucose-stimulated insulin secretion as well as reducing insulin resistance. Since type 2 diabetes in Western people is typically accompanied by obesity and hyperinsulinemia, insulin secretion has received less emphasis than insulin resistance. However, type 2 diabetes in Asians is characterized by normal weight and insulin deficiency when insulin resistance increases. Historically, the incidence of type 2 diabetes has been lower in Asian as compared to Western populations. One possible reason for the historically lower incidence among Asians is the consumption of a low fat intake as well as several foods such as fermented soybean products, Fructus Schisandrae, Platycodi radix and other foods unique to traditional Asian diets. Our previous studies have revealed that these foods prevent the development of type 2 diabetes and they can be categorized into foods containing insulin sensitizers having peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor (PPAR)- agonistic activity and insulinotropic agents having glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistic activity. We hypothesized that some foods mostly consumed by Koreans had insulin sensitizing and insulinotropic actions. Chungkookjang improved insulinotropic actions and hepatic insulin sensitizing actions better than soybeans by increasing genistein, daidzein and small peptides whereas kochujang exerted insulin sensitizing action only. Lignan-rich fraction of Fructus schisandrae, the fruit of Schisandra chinensis Baillon, had PPAR- agonistic activity and improved peripheral insulin sensitivity but it did not show insulinotropic activity. The water extracts of Platycodi radix and its crude mixture of triterpenoidal saponins exert anti-diabetic effects by increasing insulin sensitivity and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in type 2 diabetic rats. Among the constituents of Platycodi radix, platyconic acid most effectively improved glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetic mice, partly by enhancing hepatic and adipocyte insulin sensitivity, possibly by activating PPAR-. In conclusion, some Korean foods may traditionally prevent the development of type 2 diabetes by potentiating insulinotropic action and attenuating insulin resistance.

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Poster Session

IL-C5

Research of Organic Vegetables Grown in Green House with No-tillage

Seung-Koo Yang , Youn-Won Seo , Gil-Ho Shin , Hee-Kwon Kim , Jong-Dae Park , Kyung-Ju Choi , Min-Soo Park , Woo-Jin Jung
1

1*

Environment-Friendly Agriculture Research Institute, Jeollanam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, 206-7 Snjeri Sanpomyeon, Najusi, Jionnam, 520-715, Korea
2

College of Agricultural & Life Sciences, Chonnam Nat'l Univ., Kwangju, 500-757, Korea

. Introduction Long time ago, mankinds had lived by hunting and gathering. As time goes by, they had used to cultivate lands by agricultural tools. The more industries have developed, the heavier equipments have been used in tillage. Agriculture has been undertaken that "More compost and deeper plowing is the basic of agriculture." However, workforce in rural areas has declined every year and senility and womanization in this areas makes quality or efficiency of farm-work lower. Naturally, brand-new techniques are required in agriculture in the response of these growing problems. Tillage has increased production cost of agricultural equipment and volume of CO2 produced. It also caused deterioration of soil-environment, soil erosion problems and global warming as well. To solve these problems, research related with sustainable agriculture based on no-tillage has been emphasized gradually. . History of plowing in Korea Peninsula In Korean Peninsula, Stone-plows, which were used in BC 3000, have been excavated and records about plow frequently found in Suttanipata(BC 272~232), Bddihism scripture. Samgukyusa(The Heritage of the Three States) say "plows and shares, ice storages, and wagons were manufactured"(AD 23~57), "Farming were recommended and plows with cow were used(AD 502)". Like this, We can see that plowing was generalized in Korean Peninsula long time ago. . Problems of tillage Protected horticulture was labor-intensive industry in Korea that was grown 2~3 crop cycles per year. In general, tillage was required to remove support ropes, irrigation systems, and mulchings among the structures of greenhouse. Then, two times of plowing were performed and next step was made bed and furrow with agricultural machine. After these tillage steps, all equipments such as support ropes, irrigation systems, and mulchings should be rearranged as the beginning. Tillage is repeated every cropping periods, generally performed at the hot in summer and cold weather, in winter which means backbreaking and painstaking labor. Workings related to tillage require lots of labor cost. Purchasing tractor and agricultural equipments would become main debt of farmer. Tillage of using agricultural equipment would stimulate soil loss, caused poor drainage, and contaminated to spread soil insect. Additionally, tillage encourages emission of CO2 as the results of shortening on carbon cycle and it also decreases diversity of creatures. Tillage is vulnerable to weather disasters so that it may rise the problems such as delaying the transplanting and seeding time.

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. Review of researches on no-tillage agriculture in Korea Research of no-tillage on rice(paddy field crop) has been carried out. Horticultural crop has mostly been tried for short periods. For examples, tomato cultivation again after tomato growing, no-tillage of two crop cycles of watermelon cultivation, watermelon cultivation after strawberry growing. Beans, wheat, corns were also tried no-tillage cultivation. . Result of no-tillage in organic vegetables prolongedly. 1. changes on soil physical property - Solid phases and deviation Bulk density in soil surface was increased significantly no-tillage soil compared to tillage soil. Solid phase in soil surface of no-tillage was increased by 16% compared to tillage. Porosity in soil surface of no-tillage was higher tillage soil than no-tillage soil. Deviation of solid phase and porosity in surface soil and subsoil was 2 times higher tillage soil than no-tillage soil. Crack occurrence of upper part of tillage soil was found in 9 sites cracking and no-tillage soil was not found. The cause of crack occurrence in tillage soil may be formed by irrigation and reaction of cohesive power with combination of soil particles in plant growth. - Soil water-stable aggregate The percentage of distribution of water-stable aggregate in tilled soil was about 10%, the level of distribution of no-tilled soil was highly increased as 12% for 1 year and 22% for 2 year, respectively. -The capacity of soil for retaining moisture The capacity of tilled soil was approximately 21% under 1 bar pressure but no-tilled soil retained 22% of moisture. The degree of change in moisture on tilled soil during irrigating was outstandingly large but, the degree of change on no tilled soil was slightly low. - The penetration resistance of soil As the results from sandy loam soil, the penetration resistance of tilled soil was increased from about 170 mega pascal(MPa) in 20cm-deep, to 500 MPa in 37cm-deep. In the case of no-tilled soil for a year, it kept 170 MPa in 30cm-deep and also maintain 440 MPa in 43cm-deep. With clay loam soil, the penetration resistance of tilled soil was started at 50 MPa. After change of depth, it gradually increased to 250 MPa in 50cm-deep. In the case of no-tillage soil, it reached 250 mega pascal at first in 2cm-deep, and it maintained that even in 80cm-deep. After growing beans, sorghums, Nemajanfhwang and melon which are green manure crops, for 2 months, the roots were distributed in 25cm-deep, 25~83cm-deep, 45cm-deep each. - The change in soil physical properties after outdoor no-tillage As the change in soil physical properties after 1-year outdoor growing in the way of no-tillage, bulk density of surface soil was 1.03. This shown 7% lower than that of tillage soil 1.10. The proportion of liquid phase in both surface soil, deep soil were increased by 1.75%, 1.96% respectively, and the portion of porosity in surface soil also increased by 2.7%. - The chemical change in no-tillage soil Soil microbial biomass C was relatively increased in no-tillage surface soil compared to tillage soil but, in the case of deep soil, it was rather decreased. However, the chemical change in soil were less changeable and shown less tendency than the physical changes which means more systematic examinations required. Therefore, the chemical change in soil were not mentioned on this research.

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Poster Session

2. The biological diversity of creatures on soil - soil microbe As the results from the research on changes of microbes in tillage/no-tillage soil under controlled green house, the 7 7 density of bacteria in no-tillage soil was 2.910 which means 2.2 times larger than tillage, 1.310 . The density of 4 fungi in no-tillage soil was 9.510 which means 1.6 times larger, and of actinomycetes was 2.1106, meaning 2.6 6 times larger than that of tillage soil, 8.010 . The soil microbial communities in both surface and deep soil with no-tillage were as similar as that of surface soil with tillage, but the only differences were found in deep soil with tillage. - microfauna in soil The distribution of microfauna in soil showed differences according to the time when the investigation performed and to which crops were done. 5 sorts, 39-number of microfaunas were found in the tillage soil, but 9 sorts, 99-number of microfaunas were found in no-tillage soil. In addition, untreated no-tilled soil had only 5 sorts, 52-number of microfaunas but, treated with organic fertilizer no-tillage soil had 9 sorts, 261-number of microfaunas. 3. The yield of organic vegetables grown in no-tilled soil - red pepper The red peppers were planted on Feb and March in 2008, harvested on July and were planted on Jul and Aug again, grown till Dec in green house. In this way, comparing yields on tilled soil and those of no-tilled soil, the peppers which grown by 2010 were investigated. Growth of pepper grown organically in no-tillage culture was tended toward suppression compared with in tillage culture. But yield in no-tillage pepper was 96% to 117% compared with tillage pepper. From these results, work process such as Labor power, organic fertilizer, and depreciation cost of large agricultural machinery reduced, and also working expenses decreased. In the case of outdoor culture, yield in no-tillage pepper was also increased by 9% to 10% compared with tillage pepper, and this result showed similar tendency as grown with green house. - Melon In 2009, melon were grown as succeeding crop of strawberry. Yield in melons with tilled soil were only 4~15% because of occurrence of fusarium wilt, but no-tillage melon were 43~47%. On July, the harvesting time, its rainfall recorded 607mm. According to genetic analysis, there were no differences between tilled soil and no-tilled soil regarding number of pathogens. Because no-tilled soil had 38% less cracks in the soil compared to tilled soil, melon's roots were less damaged with no-tilled soil. Therefore, possibility of fusarim wilt and that of moisture stress decreased so that occurrence of fusarim wilt were delayed. - Tomato Since 2008 both no-tilled soil and tilled soil harvest 2kg per plant of tomato, which means no differences between them regarding tomato growing. Under no tillage, yield from soil covered with green manure crop on all the surfaces was 2.4kg per plant. This figure is 30% bigger than that of soil only covered on furrow. - Others crops Cucumber, young pumpkin and aubergime which grown by no tillage were also able to be raised and harvest as normal level. . Discussion As was investigated above, no-tilled soil can increase bulk density and decrease solid deviation between surface soil and deep soil, so that cracks on soil and damage in roots can be declined. Thanks to penetration resistance of soil and improving capacity to retain water, degree ofchange in moisture can be decreased and it also make possible to get more yield and better quality in harvesting pepper and melon. No tillage also affects dropping the possibility of infection. Additionally, with no-tilled soil, water-stable aggregate increased so that soil erosion was expected to be prevented. Finally, not only decreasing damage on roots, but preserving crops as it is, no-tillage can delay carbon cyclicality and can reduce emission of greenhouse gas, which also can contribute to preventing global warming.

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IL-C6

Small Scale Pilot Study for the Immobilization of As, Cu and Pb in Contaminated Soil Using Waste Resources
Deok Hyun Moon , Kyung Hoon Cheong , Jeehyeong Khim , Tae Sung Kim , Yong Sik Ok and Yoon-Young Chang
1 2

1*

Department of Environmental Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, 501-759, Korea Department of Environmental Engineering and BK21 Team for Biohydrogen Production Chosun University, Gwangju, 501-759, Korea

Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea
4 5

Haechun ETS Co., Ltd., Boryeong, 355-140, Korea

Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea

6

Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 139-701, Korea

A small scale pilot study was conducted using an in-situ mechanical mixing back hoe attachment to immobilize As, Cu and Pb in a contaminated soil near the Pungjeong mine, South Korea. The total concentrations ofAs, Cu and Pb were 370 mg/kg, 158 mg/kg and 3,170 mg/kg, respectively. Various immobilizing agents such as quicklime (CaO), calcined oyster shells (COS), waste cow bones (WCB) and coal mine drainage sludge (CMDS) were used to evaluate their feasibility for the immobilization of As, Cu and Pb in a contaminated soil. The treatments were conducted using the -#10 mesh materials with a curing time of 7 day, 28 days and 90 days. The effectiveness of the pilot study treatments was evaluated based on the Korean leaching standards. The Cu and Pb immobilization treatments were evaluated using a 0.1N HCl extraction fluid, whereas the As immobilization treatment was evaluated using a 1N HCl extraction fluid. The treatment results showed that no significant As, Cu and Pb immobilization was attained after 7 days of curing. However, a drastic reduction of As, Cu and Pb leachability was observed after 28 days of curing in all treatment scenarios. The combination treatments of CaO-CMDS and CaO-WCB for Pb and Cu immobilization were effective in reducing long term Pb and Cu leachability. The combination treatment of CaOCMDS for As immobilization outperformed the CaO-WCB treatment. Key words: immobilization, As, heavy metals, quicklime, calcined oyster shells, coal mine drainage sludge, waste cow bones ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This study was supported by the Korea Ministry of Environment as The GAIA (Geo-Advanced Innovative Action) Projects (No. 173-091-003) and (No. 173-111-040).

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IL-C7

Immobilizer Assisted Management of Metal Contaminated Agricultural Soils for Safer Food Production
Kwon-Rae Kim
1

1,2*

, Jeong-Sik Park , Min-Suck Kim , and Jeong-Gyu Kim

Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,

Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Han-River Environment Research Center, 627 Yangsu-ri, Yangseo-myeon, Yangpyeong-kun, Kyounggi-do, Republic of Korea

Introduction Crops grown on metal contaminated agricultural lands are likely to contain high concentrations of metals, above limitsconsidered safe for human consumption. For this reason, the maximum allowable standard limits for Cd and Pb concentrations in crop foods were legislated internationally as well as nationally. These guidelines were prepared to allow screening for contaminated crops before distribution to market. However, monitoring and screening of potentially contaminated crops has been so limited that health safety issues from consumption of contaminated crop products is still of concern. Thus post crop management methods have failed and in order to secure food safety, management approaches applied during crop production via appropriate management of the contaminated agricultural lands are required. Thus in the present study, a field scale experiment was carried out to investigate whether an integrated management protocol including chemical immobilization and appropriatevegetable crop selection could decrease metal uptake in edible crop parts. Materials and Methods The experimental plots were installed in the cultivated upland soil contaminated by several nearby metal mines (Table 1).

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Table 1. Selected physicochemical properties and trace metal concentrations of the upland and uncontaminated "clean" soil. Upland soil Clean soil pH (1:5) EC (dS m-1) Organic matter (%) -1 CEC (cmol kg ) Particle size (%) Sand Silt Clay -1 Trace metal (mg kg ) Cd (4) Cu (150) Pb (200) Zn (300) 6.1 0.13 2.4 11.6 64 27 9 25 179 4377 498 6.1 0.11 1.6 9.2 68 25 7 2 12 160 70

The numbers in parenthesis represent the legislated guideline, the warning levels in Soil Environmental Conservation Act 2007

Metal uptake, as influenced by pH change-induced immobilizing agents (dolomite, steel slag, and agricultural lime) andsorption agents (zeolite and compost), was monitored in three common vegetables representative of leafy (Chinese cabbage), root (spring onion) and fruit (red pepper) vegetables, in a field experiment. Results -1 Among plant species, the fruit vegetable (red pepper) showed the least accumulation of Cd (0.16-0.29 mg kg -1 DW) and Pb (0.2-0.9 mg kg DW) in edible parts regardless of treatments indicating that the selection of low metal accumulating cropswas a reasonable strategy for safer food production (Table 2). However, safer food production was more likely to be achievable by combining crop selection with immobilizing agent amendment of soils. Among the immobilizing agents, pH change-induced immobilizers were more effective than sorption agents, showing decreases in Cd and Pb concentrations in each plant well below standard limits. The efficiency of pH change-induced immobilizers was also comparable to reductions obtained in clean soil cover where the total metal concentrations of the plow layer were reduced via capping the surface with uncontaminated soil. In addition, if the target soils are only moderately contaminated the types of crops grown could also potentially be extended in association with amendment of pH change-induced immobilizing agents.

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Table 2. Concentration of trace metals in edible crop parts of three vegetables cultivated in soils treated with immobilizing agents or clean soil cover. Metal concentration (mg kg-1) Cd Control Dolomite Steel slag Agri-lime Zeolite Compost Soil cover Limit Control Dolomite Steel slag Agri-lime Zeolite Compost Soil cover Limit Control Dolomite Steel slag Agri-lime Zeolite Compost Soil cover Limit Control Dolomite Steel slag Agri-lime Zeolite Compost Soil cover
a

Cu Spring onion 11 ab 10 ab 12 a 11 ab 13 a 12 a 7.8 b 5.0 a 4.4 a 4.9 a 5.7 a 5.3 a 5.7 a 3.0 b 7.7 a 6.9 a 6.3 a 7.7 a 7.5 a 7.6 a 6.3 a 8.3 b 7.4 bc 6.3 c 7b c 7.6 bc 7.7 bc 13 a

Pb 60 a 27 c 28 bc 30 bc 53 a 39 b 3.3 d 1.1 (0.1) Chinese cabbage 8.4 a 2.6 c 3.0 c 2.4 c 6.0 b 5.7 b 3.1 c 3.75 (0.3) Red pepper (Fruit) 0.9 a 0.4 c 0.3 d 0.4 c 0.5 b 0.5 b 0.2 d 1.4 (0.2) Red pepper (Shoot) 25 a 5.6 c 5.8 c 9.0 b 23 a 24 a 7.0 bc

Zn 188 a 49 d 55 d 60 d 84 c 121 b 57 d 82a 40d 41d 54 c 61bc 66b 38 d 25 a 14 c 15 c 17 bc 16 bc 19 b 15 bc 109 a 36 cd 25 d 36 cd 83 b 88 b 45 c

3.4 a 0.3 d 0.4 cd 0.4 cd 0.9 bc 1.4 b 0.6 cd 0.6a (0.05) 0.67 a 0.32 d 0.34 d 0.46 c 0.44 c 0.56 b 0.29 d 2.5 (0.2) 0.28 a 0.22 b 0.29 a 0.23 b 0.21 bc 0.16 d 0.19 c 1.4 (0.1) 2.5 a 1.2 c 1.3 c 1.3 c 1.6 b 1.2 c 1.3 c

Dry weight based values were converted from fresh weight based maximum allowable standard limits for vegetables in parenthesis usingthe measured moisture contents of each plant tissue, Differences in letters represent significant differences among treatments at the 95% confidence level

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IL-C8

Environmental Fates of Sulfonamides and Tetracyclines

Jin-Wook Kwon
Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency (QIA), Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Rep. of Korea, 620-2 Amnam-dong, Seo-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea

Veterinary drugs, as newly emerging contaminants in the environment need environmental risk assessment data not only for their registrations but also for the sustainable environment. Monitoring of residue concentration of veterinary drugs together with their sales and use data has to be set as the fundamentals. This study aims at preventing the risk of veterinary drugs in the environment by providing basic environment fate study data of veterinary drugs. Thus the current study is organized into three chapters. 1. Fates of sulfonamides and tetracyclines in Korean soil environment 2. Mobility evaluation of sulfonamides and tetracyclines in Korean soil environment 3. Environmental residue and antimicrobial resistance to veterinary drugs in the Korean animal farming settings. Field and laboratory studies examined the fate of chlortetracycline (CTC), oxytetracycline (OTC), sulfamethazine (SMT), sulfathiazole (STZ), sulfamethoxazole (SMTZ) in the soil environment. Overall, the results demonstrate that CTC and OTC have strongly potential to persist in Korean arable soils, forming bioactive metabolites and epimers. The estimated half-life (DT50) of CTC was 18.63~30.16 days in outdoors and 26.70~27.17 days in indoors, OTC was 6.43 days in outdoors and 26.63 days in indoors. And the estimated half-life (DT50) of SMT was 5.31~6.87 days in outdoors and 18.47~76.85 days in indoors, STZ was 3.24~3.68 days in outdoors and 4.96~6.57 days in indoors, and SMTZ was 4.37~7.38 days in outdoors and 12.19~22.54 days in indoors with application of manure compost by the first order kinetics. This study investigated the mobility of veterinary drugs in a soil column to which manure compost was applied to assess the potential for groundwater contamination in Korean arable soils, reflecting the Korean agricultural environment. The mobility, measured by the concentration of leachates from silty loam soil over 9 days, was in the order SAs (STZ and SMT > SMTZ) > TCs (CTC > OTC). We postulate that the changes in soil pH following manure compost application promote the elution of chemicals. SAs pose a high risk of ground and surface water contamination and TCs have the potential to persist as bioactive epimers in soils. Residue concentration and antimicrobial resistance in the korean animal farming environment were also investigated. Residue concentration of veterinary drugs ranged at the ng g-1 level. But various drugs were found in most of the environment sample, as respective and combined. In case of liquid compost, residue concentration ranged from practical quantitation limit (PQL) to almost 16 times higher than water, and also mainly found SMT and OTC. Soil and compost from swine farms showed similar patterns of residual concentration and residual drugs. In case of chicken farms, sulfonamides were mainly persistent in compost. E coli., Enterococcus. faecalis, and E. faecium were isolated animal farm environment. Occurrence of antimicrobial resistance from the pig farm showed mainly against tetracycline, and against amoxicillin in chicken farm. In case of E coli. from pig farm soil, relatively highly occurrence of antimicrobial resistance against various veterinary drugs. E. faecium from compost of two pig farms presented diverse occurrence of antimicrobial resistance against penicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, rifampin etc. Furthermore, relationship between the occurrence of residue and the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance was identified, when tetracycline is residue, resistance bacterials to tetracycline were always existed. 118 |

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IL-C9

Passivation of Sulfide Mineral Oxidation Used by Coating Agent: Field Study

Jaeyoung Choi
Korea Institute of Science and Technology- Gangneung Institute, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung 210-340, Korea

Mining activities and mineral industries have impacted on rapid oxidation of sulfide minerals such as pyrite (FeS2) which leads to Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) formation. In South Korea, there are about 379 coal mines, 906 metal mines and 1,173 nonmetal mines and 80% of these mines were abandoned. In thisstudy, several treatment agents have applied to control AMD from abandoned coal mine in South Korea. Five natural minerals (limestone, dolomite, apatite, birnessite, smectite) and 3 chemicals (KH2PO4, MgO, KMnO4) were selected as a treatment agents for reducing the oxidation of iron sulfideminerals. For measuring acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), net acid generation (NCG), and maximum potential acidity (MPA), ASTM D 5744-07 method was used. Among treatment agents, both MgO and KMnO4 showed higher ability of coating with iron sulfur composition on the surface of pyrite. The optimal conditions of coating wit chemicals are 0.01 M MgO+H2O2+NaOAc and KMnO4+H2O2+NaOAc at the initial pH 6.0, respectively. Hydrogen peroxide and NaOAc were required to occur surface oxidation of pyrite and pH maintaining around 6.0, respectively. Batch experiments with Young-Dong mine 2samples showed the least SO4 production in the presence of KMnO4 (16%) sulfate production compared to no 2surface coating agents) or cement (4%) within 8 days. In case of Il-Gwang mine samples, the least SO4 production was observed in the presence of KH2PO4 (8%) or cement (2%) within 8 days. Potential of phosphate coating agent for preventing oxidation of sulfide minerals from one Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) sites were examined by conducting field tests using treatment agents. KH2PO4, NaClO and NaOAc at the -2 concentration of 10 M were tested for field application to Il-Gwang mine. Field-scale coating tests at Il-Gwang site -1 also showed that KH2PO4 could reduce sulfate concentration from 200 to 13 mg L . Field-scale tests also demonstrated that only 7% of sulfate was produced in the presence of KH2PO4 suggesting the amendment of surface coating agents could be a promising technology for inhibiting sulfide oxidation from AMD sites. Key words: Acid Mine Drainage, Sulfide mineral, Surface coating agent

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IL-C10

Trace Elements in Soil and Environment Riaz A. Khattak

Soil & Environ. Sciences, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, KPK Agricultural University, Peshawar, Pakistan

Trace elements, also called as heavy metals, find its way into soil and plant system through natural and anthropogenic pathways. Research on understanding various aspects of trace elements accumulated greatly over the last three four decades. Since the identification of diseases of Minamata, associated with methyl/mercury poising and Itai-itai, associated with Cd, in Japan and the deformation of birds associated with Se concentration in evaporation ponds constructed for collecting agricultural drainage waters in California, generated a large volume and body of knowledge pertaining to various aspects of trace elements in soil, waters, plants and sediments in relation to bioaccumulation, bioconcentration and biomagnifications with current focus on soil and environmental restoration and remediation. Research on establishment of precise and accurate values of trace elements in soil and in food chain with particular health effects still a long way from reaching a sound understanding. This paper presents results ofselected studies on trace elements levels in soils irrigated with domestic drainage waters, in plants grown on these soils, in bovine milk samples obtained from animals fed with forages grown on effluents and meat sold on road side with heavy traffic and subject to dust fall deposition. Results indicated trace elements concentration in these samples which could be considered above the permissible levels and might have adverse health implication.

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IL-C11

Soil Nickel and the Nutrition of Plants in Serpentine Geology of Japan

Yohey Hashimoto
Department of Bioresource Sciences, Mie University, 1577 Kurima-machiya, Mie 514-8507, Japan

The soils derived from ultramafic bedrock give rise to unique associations of landscape and plant community. Distinctive plant community in serpentine areas is derived from the extreme soil conditions that are low in nutrition (e.g., Ca) and high in toxic metals (e.g., Ni). While serpentine soils have been studied extensively, little study has appeared on the direct speciation of nickel naturally present in serpentine soils using synchrotron-based XAFS. The objectives of this study were to investigate the nutrient status and chemical speciation of Ni in serpentine geology in Japan. Our study found that serpentine soilscontained excess Mg and were deficient in available forms of Ca, which was indicated by the Ca/Mg ratio with <1.0. According to a sequential extraction analysis, the predominant Ni fraction was residual (~50%) and oxide occluded forms (~25%) whereas exchangeable Ni was negligible with <1% of the total proportion. The EXAFS investigation on soil Ni speciation showed the presence of Ni/Al-LDH phases and as Ni sorbed with humus, suggesting that the significant amount of Ni in serpentine soils was associated with secondary minerals and organic matter. The XAFS results showed that Ni hydroxides, oxides and carbonates did not appear to be important phases in these serpentine soils. Based on XAFS investigations and soil chemical properties, Ni toxicity to plants occurs unlikely but Ca deficiency may be significant in these serpentine soils.

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BiochemistryMolecular Biology - PBC

PBC-1 PBC-3

Interaction of Nectarin 4 with a Fungal Protein and Defense Mechanism in Nectar

Sanggyu Park , Robert Thornburg , William York 1 Division of Life & Environmental Science, Daegu University, 2Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, 3 Department of Biochemistry, University of Georgia, 4Department of Biology, Keimyung University Understanding the biochemical mechanisms by which plants respond to microbial infection is a fundamental goal of plant science. Extracellular dermal glycoproteins (EDGPs) are widely expressed in plant tissues and have been implicated in plant defense responses. Although EDGPs are known to interact with fungal proteins, the downstream effects of these interactions are poorly understood. To gain insight into these phenomena, we used tobacco floral nectar as a model system to identify a mechanism by which the EDGP known as Nectarin IV (NEC4) functions as pathogen surveillance molecule. Our data demonstrates that the interaction of NEC4 with a fungal endoglucanase (XEG) promotes the catalytic activity of Nectarin V (NEC5), which catalyzes the conversion of glucose and molecular oxygen to gluconic acid and H2O2. Significantly enhanced NEC5 activity was observed when XEG was added to nectar or nectarin solutions that contain NEC4. This response was also observed when the purified NEC4:XEG complex was added to NEC4-depleted nectarin solutions, which did not respond to XEG alone. These results indicate that formation of the NEC4:XEG complex is a key step leading to induction of NEC5 activity in floral nectar, resulting in an increase in concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are known to inhibit microbial growth directly and activate signal transduction pathways that induce innate immunity responses in the plant.
1* 2 3

Identification of S-RNase and Peroxidase in Petunia Nectar

Sanggyu Park 1*, Robert Thornburg 2, Gustavo MacIntosh 2 1 2 Division of Life & Environmental Science, Daegu University, Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University Previous SDS-PAGE gel analysis of the floral nectars from petunia and tobacco plants revealed significant differences in the protein patterns. Petunia floral nectar was shown to contain an umber of RNase activities by in gel RNase activity assay. To identify the sep roteins in more detail, the bands with RNase activity were excised from gel and subjected to trypsin digestion followed by LCMS/MS analysis. This analysis revealed that S-RNases accumulate in nectar from Petunia hybrida, where they should carry out abiological function different from self-pollen rejection. In addition, other proteins were identified by the LCMS/MS analysis. These proteins include a peroxidase, an endochitinase, and aputative fructokinase. Each of these proteins contained a secretory signal sequence that marked the maspotential nectar proteins. We developed RT-PCR assays for each of these five proteins and demonstrated that each of these proteins was expressed in the petunia floral nectary.

PBC-2

PBC-4

Petunia Nectar Proteins Have Ribonuclease Activity

Sanggyu Park , Robert Thornburg , Gustavo MacIntosh 1 Division of Life & Environmental Science, Daegu University, 2Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University Plants requiring an insect pollinator often produce nectar as a reward for the pollinator's visitations. This rich secretion needs mechanisms to inhibit microbial growth. In Nicotiana spp. nectar, anti-microbial activity is due to the production of hydrogen peroxide. In a close relative, Petunia hybrida, limited production of hydrogen peroxide was found; yet petunia nectar still has anti-bacterial properties, suggesting that a different mechanism may exist for this inhibition. The nectar proteins of petunia plants were compared with those of ornamental tobacco and significant differences were found inprotein profiles and function between these two closely related species. Among those proteins, RNase activities unique to petunia nectar were identified. The genes corresponding to four RNase T2 proteins from Petunia hybrida that show unique expression patterns in different plant tissues were cloned. Two of these enzymes, RNase Phy3 and RNase Phy4 are unique among the T2 family and contain characteristics similar to both S- and S-like RNases. Analysis of amino acid patterns suggest that these proteins are an intermediate between S- and S-like RNases, and support the hypothesis that S-RNases evolved from defence RNases expressed in floral parts. This is the first report of RNase activities in nectar.
1* 2 2

Characteristics of Adhesive Disks in Parthenocissus tricuspidata during Attachment

Sanggyu Park 1*, Myung Hui Lee 2, InSun Kim 2 1 Division of Life & Environmental Science, Daegu University, 2Department of Biology, Keimyung University Parthenocissus tricuspidata is an epiphyte that lacks a main axial stem, but develops adhesive disks along the stem for climbing support. In this study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were utilized to examine the brick wall surface and the adhesive disks of P. tricuspidata that attached to the surface successfully. The study was mainly focused the outermost layers of both structures before and after adhesion to find out whether there has been some structural and/or physical interactions between the two. The adhesive disks adhered firmly tothe brick wall by secreting adhesive materials that help them for a tight attachment to the surface. The rough wall surface appeared facilitating better attachment of the adhesive disks by infiltrating the materials into those spaces leading to some degree of interactions at the interface. EDS analysis on the outermost layers of the adhesive disks that were separated from the substrateswas also consistent with the SEM data on the interaction between the adhesive disks and the substrate surface. EDS analysis of the brick wall surface and the adhesive disks demonstrated similar elements of O, Si, Fe, Al, K, Mg, and Na in their components.

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PBC-5

PBC-7

Ultrastructural Features of Plastids within Spirodela polyrhiza

Sanggyu Park , InSun Kim 1 2 Division of Life & Environmental Science, Daegu University, Department of Biology, Keimyung University Reduced plants of Spirodela polyrhiza consisting only of fronds, stalks and roots form turions during dormancy. In development, mature fronds produce offspring frondsby vegetative reproduction, and turions arise laterally from the mother frond before dormancy. The turion primordium is derived from the frond, while the frond primordium forms within the turion tissue. In the present study, cellular features, especially those of the plastids, of the above four tissue types have been examined and compared using electron microscopy. Proplastids, found to be numerous in the frond and turion primordia, differentiated into chloroplasts rapidly upon growth. The proplastids weresmall and the thylakoidal membrane system was rudimentary, however the chloroplasts exhibited variation by cell type. Chloroplasts were found within cells of the frond, stalk and root tissue. The thylakoidal membrane system, which formed grana stacks, wasmoderately developed within frond chloroplasts, while only a few were present in those of the stalk and root cortical cells. One to two starch grains were accumulated within frond chloroplasts, but little to none were found in stalk and root cortical chloroplasts. Although the degree of cellular and tissue differentiation was rather minimal within their reduced body, the functional differentiation of Spirodela polyrhiza was very efficient, as is the case in other advanced species.
1* 2

Compositional Comparative Analysis between Insect-resistant Rice with a Synthetic cry1Ac Gene and Its Nontransgenic Counterpart
Soo-Yun Park, Jae Kwang Kim*, Si Myung Lee, Jin-Hyoung Lee, Soon Jong Kweon, Seok-Cheol Suh National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea Composition analysis of genetically modified (GM) crops is an important consideration in the assessment of food safety. Agb0101 (Oryza sativaL. cv. Nakdongbyeo) developed in Korea is a form of insect-resistant rice that contains a synthetic truncated cry1Ac gene isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), and demonstrates high resistance to rice leaf folder under field conditions. Nutrients, anti-nutritive components, and secondary metabolites of Agb0101 were analyzed and compared with those of its non-transgenic counterpart. The amounts of proximates, amino acids, fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, trypsin inhibitors, phytic acid, and ferulic acid in brown rice from Agb0101 were comparable to those of its non-transgenic counterpart. Statistical comparisons to test for equivalence showed that all of the analyzed components in the insect-resistant rice plants were substantially equivalent to those of its non-transgenic counterpart. Furthermore, most of the measured values from Agb0101 were within the range of values reported for other commercial rice varieties.

PBC-6

PBC-8

Mutation of Sbustrate Entry Way and Changes in the Activities of Alanine Racemase from E.coli
Han-Chul Kang*, Chang-Muk Lee, Sang-Hong Yoon Rural Development Administration, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Dept. of Functional Bio-material, Suwon 441-707, KOREA A gene encoding an alanine racemase in E.coli JM109 was isolated using PCR technique and subcloned into pGEM-Teasy vector. The cloned gene was digested with Nde I and Sal I. The digested gene was inserted into a pET-20(b) which was also digested with the same restriction enzymes. Some substrate entry way were substituted by site-directed mutagenesis technic using the pET-21(b) as a template for mutation PCR. A substrate entry way, Glu165, were substituted with various amino acids and most of enzyme activities decreased.However, an alanine racemase, Glu165Asn, showed a increased enzyme activity which produces D-alanine by 21.4%. Another mutant, Glu165Asn also increased the enzyme activity by 29.2% which produces L-alanine. Collectively, the enzyme activity of alanine racemase can be increased by mutation of substrate entry way.

Novel Immunostimulatory Phosphodiester Oligodeoxynucelotides Containing CpT Sequences Isolated from Bacterial Chromosomal DNA
Dongbum Kim 1, Sanghoon Kwon 1, Byoung Kwon Park 1, Younghee Lee 2, Hyung-Joo Kwon 1* 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Gangwon-do, 200-702, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea The innate immune systems use pattern recognition receptors to recognize the pathogen-associated molecular pattern signatures of bacterial components, including lipopolysaccharide, bacterial DNA, peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid, as an infectious nonself. TLR9 recognizes synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) and bacterial DNA containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in the context of specific base sequences (CpG-DNA). Here, we demonstrate that phosphorothioate backbone CT-ODN (PS-CT-ODN), a derivative of phosphorothioate backbone CpG-DNA (PS-ODN) with CT sequences substituted for the CG sequences, stimulates IL-8 promoter activation and gene expression. Furthermore, we identified an immunostimulatory phosphodiester bond CT-ODN (PO-CT-ODN) from bacterial chromosomal DNA. We also found that the PO-CT-ODN induces cytokine production in a TLR9-dependent manner when encapsulated with a proper liposome. Our experimental analyses also demonstrate that the immunostimulatory PO-CT-ODN can act as an adjuvant for the induction of Ag-driven IgG production. Further investigation of the functional role of PO-CT-ODN may support the future application of PO-CT-ODN in immunotherapeutics. (SRAA)

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PBC-9

PBC-11

Molecular Analysis and Bacterial Blight Screening for Resveratrol Rice

Yang Qin , Myung-Ho Lim , So-Hyeon Baek , Hong-Il Ahn , Jin-Hyoung Lee , 1 1 1 1 Kong-Sik Shin , Hee-Jong Woo , Yong-Hwan Park , Seok-Cheol Suh , Soon-Jong Kweon 1* 1 Biosafety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 2 441-707, Korea, Rice Breeding and Cultivation Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA,, Iksan 570-080, Korea Resveratrol, a beneficial molecule to human health, helps prevent the development of cardiovascular diseases due to its antioxidant properties. As a phytoalexin, resveratrol is produced in response to stresses such as wounding or pathogen attack. In the previous studies, two resveratrol rice lines, Iksan 515 and Iksan 526, were developed by National Institute of Crop Sciences (NICS), RDA, showing stable expression of resveratrol synthase (RS) and high trans-resveratrol production. However, so far, the effect of RS gene was not identified on rice diseases response whether it shows resistant to pathogen attack, like other plant species such as grape, tomato, poplar and so on. In this study, Iksan 515 and Iksan 526 and their donor variety Dongjin were inoculated with four Korean races of bacterial blight (BB) pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) at maximum tilling stage in greenhouse by using leaf-clipping method. Results indicated that Iksan 515 and Iksan 526 showed more susceptibility than their donor variety Dongjinafter BB inoculation, contrary to our expectations. The ongoing study is continuously carrying out to identify the reasons cause more susceptible disease response of these transgenic lines.
1 1 2 1 1

Analysis of Microbial Community in the Rhizosphere Soil of Transgenic Soybean

Kijong Lee, Jong-Sug Park*, Mi-sun Lee, Soo-In Sohn, Sung-Dug Oh, Jang-Yong Lee, Seok-Choel Suh, Soon-Jong Kweon Biosafety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon, 441-707, Korea This study was conducted to evaluate the possible impact of transgenic soybean[Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivation on the soil microbial community. Microorganisms were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of two different transgenic soybean events and their non-transgenic soybean. Microbial community was identified based on the culture-dependent and molecular biology methods. The result show that the total numbers of bacteria, fungi and actinomycete in the rhizosphere of transgenic and non-transgenic soybean plant were similar to each other, suggesting that there was no significant difference between transgenic and non-transgenic soybean. The analysis of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE) between transgenic and non-transgenic soybean soils also didn't show significant difference to each other. When soil DNAs were analyzed with PCR by using primer for bar gene, which was introduced into transgenic soybean, amplified DNA bands were not detected. The results of this study suggested that microbial community of soybean field were not significantly affected by cultivation of the transgenic soybeans.

PBC-10

PBC-12

Phytase Activity from Leaves of Daisy Fleabane, Erigeron annuus

Pilsun Shin, Jajung Ku, Kyung Choi*, Kwang-Woo Park Dept. of Forest Resource Conservation, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon 487-821, Korea Phytate[known as inositol hexakisphosphate(IP6)] is the principle storage form of phosphorus in many plant tissue. Various plant species could use phytate as the only P source. Phytase degrade a phytate. Phytate is indigestible for monogastric animals, because they don't produce a phytase. Phytate was elevated the amount of phosphorus in manure and liquid effluent. It leads to phosphorus pollution and eutrophication of water environments. The purpose of this study is to determine phytase activity of native plants and to select plant species as used to feed additives of live stock. We conducted to test for phytase activity of Erigeron annuus. Phytase from Erigeron annuus was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel filtration chromatography. We investigated effect of pH and temperature on the activity of phytase from Erigeron annuus.

Environmental Assessment of Soil Microbial Community to Herbicide Resistant Chinese Cabbage

Soo-In Sohn , Jong-Sug Park *, Young-Ju Oh , Jin Hye Jin , So-Young Lee , Ki-Jong Lee1, Sung-Dug Oh1, Tae-Hoon Ryu1, Jang-Yong Lee1, Seok-Choel Suh 1 1 Biosafety Divisioin, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea, 2Korea Biodiversity Research Center, Phochon 487-711, Korea The effects of herbicide-resistant GM Chinese cabbage on microbial communities in the field were assessed using both cultivation and molecular methods. The Chinese cabbage field plot consisted of fifteen subplots was planted with one genetically modified Chinese cabbage and four non-GM Chinese cabbage including parental variety. Through colony counting, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, species diversity index, we compared the bacterial communities in the soils of GM Chinese cabbage, its non-GM counterpart, Samjin and three conventional Chinese cabbages, Jangmi, Gawulmat & Hwangseung during growing periods. The bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes population densities were not significantly different between GM and non-GM Chinese cabbage soils. The soils planted with GM and non-GM Chinese cabbage did not differ significantly in bacterial species diversity indices. DGGE banding patterns of GM and non-GM soils were quite similar to each other, suggesting that the bacterial community structures appeared to be stable in a given month and there was no significant difference in bacterial community between GM and non-GM Chinese cabbage soils. These results suggested that microbial communities in the field were not significantly affected by cultivation of herbicide-resistant GM Chinese cabbage.
1 1 2 1 1

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PBC-13

PBC-15

Evaluation and Assessment of Biosafety for Golden Rice (PAC) : Progeny Study through Multiple Generations
Sung-Dug Oh, Jong-Sug Park*, Ki-Jong Lee, Soo-In Sohn, Myung Ja Kang, Jang-Yong Lee, Tae-Hoon Ryu, Jae-Kwang Kim, Sun-Hwa Ha, Seok-Cheol Suh Biosafety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon, 441-707 The vitamin A enriched golden rice (PAC) was developed and confirmed to synthesis carotenoids (zeaxanthin, -carotene and -carotene) in rice endosperm. For biosafety assessment of golden rice, the stability of the insert genes in golden rice at genomic and protein expression level through different generations(T3~T6) was studied. Southern blot analysis confirmed that the multi-generation stability of the genes : PAC gene(CrtI and Psy), promoters(35S and Glb), terminators(NOS and PinII), selection marker(bar) and MARgene. And it was also confirmed that the backbone DNA containing antibacterial gene(aadA) was not present in golden rice. Immuno-strip assay(PAT) showed bar gene was stably expressed through generations. These result will be filed to biosafety assessment document of Golden rice.

Isolation and Characterization of Asc1, a Potential Scaffold Protein in the AbFus3 Signaling Cascade of Alternaria brassicicola
Houjuan Xu , Kwang-Hyun Baek * 1 School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, 2College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling pathways are widely spread in eukaryotic cells. These different MAPK signaling cascades are involved in many cell processes such as stress responses, proliferation and differentiation and have quite complicated and precise mechanisms to regulate different pathways against cross talk. As one of the specificity mechanisms, scaffold proteins bind cognate components into an active complex, thus helping these three separate kinases close to each other and insulating it from other MAPK modules. Although the importance of scaffold proteins has been well-known for many years, there has been no information available on plant pathogen MAPK signaling pathway to date. We have found a Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ste5 homolog in Alternaria brassicicola and named Asc1. Like other reported homologues, Asc1 shares low amino acid identities with Ste5, but has a high structural identity with the three domains of Ste5, a ring zinc finger domain, a pleckstrin-homology (PH) domain and a vWA (von Willebrand factor type A) domain. Elucidation of the function of Asc1 will help us to understand the mechanisms which specifically regulate the MAPK signaling cascade in A. brassicicola.
1,2 1

PBC-14

PBC-16

Evaluation and Assessment of Biosafety forBt Rice : Responses of Cyprinus carpio Fed on Bt-transgenic Rice Variety
Sung-Dug Oh , Dae-Yong Lee , Ki-Jong Lee , Soo-In Sohn , Myung Ja Kang1, Jang-Yong Lee1, Tae-Hoon Ryu1, Seok-Cheol Suh1, Jong-Sug Park1* 1 Biosafety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon, 441-707, Korea, 2Korea Testing & Research Institute, Kimpo, 415-871, Korea Insect-resistant transgenic rice was developed by introducing the modified mCry1Ac1 gene from the soil bacterium Bacullus thuringiemsis. For biosafety assessment, we studied the effects of Bt rice on survival of cantor Cyprinus carpio, a commonly used model organism in ecotoxicological studies. Cyprinus carpio fed on Bt rice and its non-GM counterparts (Nakdong rice) grown under the same environment. The samples were confirmed to have Bt gene(mCry1Ac1) by the southern blot analysis and the Bt gene expression by immuno strip analysis. Feeding study showed that no significant differences in cumulative immobility and abnormal response of Cyprinus carpio fed on between non-GM counterparts and Bt rice. LC50 values showed no difference between Bt rice(>1,000mg/L) and non-GM rice(>1,000mg/L). It was concluded that there was no significant difference in toxicity for nontarget organism(Cyprinus carpio) between non-GM counterparts and Bt rice. This rice will provide farmers improved insect efficacy for rice and excellent insect management, and ultimately lead to reduced pesticide use.
1 2 1 1

Engineering of Potato Plant (Solanum tuberosum) for the Production of Taxadiene

Md. Mohidul Hasan, Kwang-Hyun Baek* School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University As an important chemotherapeutic natural diterpenoid, paclitaxel (Taxol) is found in yew tree (Taxussp.) and extensively used as an anticancer agent against a wide variety of cancers like as breast and ovarian cancers. Low yielding together with destruction of natural resources is the main drawback for industrial productions of paclitaxel. Trial of industrial production via semi-synthesis or total synthesis also results low-yield of paclitaxel. Therefore, low yield and high cost of synthetic industrial production system led researchers to move to sustainable production of paclitaxel using biotechnological approaches. Taxadiene synthase (TS) enzyme catalyze the production of taxadiene from geranylgeranyl diphosphate , which is the first committed step towards taxol production. In our research, an effort was made to transform potato (Solanum tuberosum) plant to produce taxadiene by the introduction of a TS gene from T. cuspidata Sieb. Et Zucc. TS gene was successfully introduced into potato plant, which was confirmed by using the RT-PCR reaction amplifying 579 bp fragment of the cloned gene. Further research is under progress to identify the amount of taxadiene in the leaves and tubers of the transgenic potato plants.

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Poster Session

PBC-17

PBC-19

Rapid Determination of Transgene Copy Number in Progeny of TMT and TC Transgenic Rice by TaqMan Real-time PCR
Kong Sik Shin*, Hee Jong Woo, Myung Ho Lim, Jin Hyoung Lee, Hong Il Ahn, Yang Qin, Soon Jong Kweon, Seok Cheol Suh Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science(NAAS), RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea Rapid and accurate identification of transgene homozygotes in transgenic plants with currently available techniques demands tedious and timeconsuming procedures with high proportion of ambiguous results. Real-time PCR is a quantitative and extremely precise method with high throughput that could be applied to the analysis of large number of plants by comprising the advantages of being very rapid and requiring little genomic DNA. Here, we demonstrated that the TaqMan real-time quantitative PCR system could be used to examine the transgene copy number and/or homozygotes of transgenic rice with the use of various fluorogenic probes. RBE4, a gene validated to be present as a single copy per haploid Oryza Sativa genome, was used as the endogenous reference to estimate copy number of TMT and TC gene in subsequent generations of transgenic rice plants. This system was found to be more rapid and accurate than genomic Southern blot hybridization and could effectively determine homozygote or heterozygote in a T1 transgenic rice population. Therefore it is appropriate for simple and cost effective early screening of transgenic crop plants and identifying transgene homozygotes in segregation populations.

Kinetic Studies of Phosphofructokinase from Rat Muscle

Yong-Kweon Cho* Department of Biochemistry and Health Science, Changwon National University, Sarimdong, Euchang-Gu, Changwon National University Inhibition patterns for Cr-ATP and 1-deoxy-D-F6P were obtained for rat muscle phosphofructokinase at pH 7.4 and 25. Nucleotides are mutually competitive, as are sugars, with nucleotides being noncompetitive versus sugars and vice versa, except that MgATP appears competitive versus FDP. The data indicate that thekinetic mechanism is random, with the formation of a dead end E-MgADP-F6P complex, but little or no E-MgADP-FDP complex. In the absence of nucleotides, F6P binds to PFK 30-fold more tightly than 1-deoxyfructose-6-P, indicating that the 1-OH is important for binding, but in the presence of MgATP the affinities are the same, suggesting that the confomation change which normally produces catalysis by generating compression between the two substrates causes deoxyfructose6-P and MgATP to move closer to each other and thus be more tightly bound when the 1-OH is missing. The Cr-ADP complex does not show the effect, although its affinity for free enzyme is the same as that of the Cr-ATP complex.

PBC-18

PBC-20

Application of a Polymerase Chain Reaction with a Disposable Detection Device for the Identification of a Regulatory Gene Introduced into GM Maize
Hee-Jong Woo *, Chan-Mi Chung , Kong-Sik Shin , Myung-Ho Lim , Ki-Jong Lee1, Yong-Gu Cho2, Soon-Jong Kweon 1, and Seok-Cheol Suh 1 1 National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration 2 (RDA), Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea, Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea A novel genetically modified organism (GMO) detection method was developed using a simple and rapid procedure to identify a regulatory gene introduced into genetically modified (GM) maize. After DNA extraction from GM maize flours, fragments of the conserved sequence of the CaMV 35S promoter gene along with a competitive internal control gene were amplified using duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Amplification products were then detected using a disposable detection device. The quantitative detection limit for GM maize 59122 was found to be 1.0% (w/w). Because the combination-method involving PCR technology coupled with a disposable detection device does not require expensive instrumentation or expertise, it will serve as a valuable alternative to immunoassays and traditional PCR-based tests in the detection of GMOs.
1 1 1 1

Reaction Mechanism of Citrate Synthase from Rabbit Kidney

Yong-Kweon Cho* Department of Biochemistry and Health Science, Changwon National University, Sarimdong, Euchang-Gu, Changwon, Gyeongnam 641-773 Kinetic studies includingproduct inhibition experiments show that the substrates are added in a random order, the products come off in random order, and that two dead end complexs are formed. When acetyl-CoA concentrations are varied over wide range, a nonlinear Lineweaver-Burk plot is obtained suggesting apparent substrate activation, indicating that some cooperativity exists between two sites on the citrate synthase.

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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PBC-21

PBC-23

Improvement of Toleracne against Biotic/abiotic Stresses through the Regulation of Programmed Cell Death and Vitamin E Production in Rice
Il-Pyung Ahn* Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea Brown leaf spot, caused by necrotrophic Cochliobolus miyabeanus (imperfect; Bipolaris oryzae), is one of the devastating disease in rice (Oryza sativa). We hypothesized that regulation of programmed cell death (PCD) should be a common solution conferring resistance and tolerance against above biotic and abiotic stresses at the same time. Among 17 CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATED ION CHANNELin rice (OsCNGCs), over expression of a CNGC resulted in lesion mimic phenotypes in Dongjin background. Further, knock out of a CNGC resulted in enhanced resistance against rice brown spot in the field. Therefore, selected OsCNGC should be involved in the PCD regulation and fungal infection-specific regulation of OsCNGC expression might induce resistance against rice brown spot because of pathogens necrotrophic nature. Vitamin E, tocopherol, is involved in the accumulation inhibition of reactive oxygen species involving superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. Tocopherol cyclase in Nicotiana benthamiana(NtTC) conferred tolerance against drought stress to rice. We already have settled down the recombination system effectively removing selection markers in vector. Based on these systems, we will define fungal secretome and genome, confirmation of PAMPs/effectors, identification of rice pattern recognition receptor, and functional characterization of these rice genes in the respect of PCD and disease resistance. These works should give us a bundle of rice genes conferring resistance and tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses and amount of information.

Creation of Glycosyltransferase Having Dual Sugar Selectivity by Swapping Domains

Su Hyun Sung, Joong-Hoon Ahn*, Bong-Gyu Kim Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea Flavonoids are dominantly found as glycoside in plants. Glycosylation of flavonoids ismediated by uridinediphosphate dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT). UGTs attached various sugars including arabinose, glucose, galactose, xylose, glucuronic acid to flavonoid aglycones. Two UGTs from Arabidopsis thaliana, UGT-A and UGT-B showed 75.4% sequence similarity in amino acid and attach a sugar to 3-hydroxyl group of flavonol using UDP-sugar. However, UGT-A and UGT-B use UDP-glucose and UDP-arabinose, respectively. In order to increase UGT(s) having dual sugar selectivity, domain exchanges between UGT-A and UGT-B were carried out, and we created nineteen fusion proteins. Among them, we found three fusion proteins having dual sugar selectivity. Fusion-7 and Fusion-16 showed higher selectivity for UDP-arabinose than for UDP-glucose. On the other hand, Fusion-17 showed higher selectivity for UDP-glucose than for UDP-arabinose.(SRAA)

PBC-22

PBC-24

Biosynthesis of Flavonoid O-Xyloside in Engineered Escherichia coli

Jeong-A Yoon, Joong-Hoon Ahn*, Bong-Gyu Kim Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea Flavonoids form glycosides in plants. Arabinose, glucose, glucuronic acid, galactose, rhamnose, and xylose are typical sugars which attach to flavonoids by the action of uridine diphosphate dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT). In order to synthesize flavonoid xyloside from flavonoid in Escherichia coli, two strategies were used. First, we engineered UGT to change sugar selectivity from UDP-arabinose to UDP-xylose through molecular modeling and site directed mutagenesis. Second, we engineered nucleotide biosynthetic pathway in E. coli to increase the supplement of UDP-xylose. But UDP-xyloside is not in E. coli. So, We employed UXS(UDP-xyloside synthase) at Arabidopsis thalia. And In order to accumulate UDP-xyloside, arnA (UDP-L-Ara4N formyltransferase/ UDP-GlcA C-4"-decarboxylase) gene was deleted in E. coli. In addition, ugd (UDP-glucose dehydrogenase), which converts UDP-glucose into UDP-glucuronide, was overexpressed. In ugd overexpressded E. coli strain, the production of flavonoid xyloside increased 2.84 fold compared to not emplyoed E. coli. And with arnA gene deleted in E. coli, the production of flavonoid xyloside increased 4.96 fold compared to not trangenic E. coli. (SRAA)

Production of Chlorogenic Acid in Escherichia coli

Woo Dam Jeong, Joong-Hoon Ahn*, Bong-Gyu Kim Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea Chlorogenic acid, which is ester between caffeic acid and quinic acid, is one of prevalent hydroxycinnamic acid conjugates. It has diverse physiological activities including an antioxidant and inhibition of the tumor promoting activity. In order to chlorogenic acid from cffeic acid using E. coli, three genes, 4-coumarateCoA-Ligase (4CL), hydroxycinnamoyl CoA/quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HQT) and quinate/shikimate 5-dehydrogenase (ydiB) were introduced into E. coli. Feeding of caffeic acid as a substrate in transgenic E. coli, resulted in a small amount of the chlorogenic acid production. To increase the production of chlorogenic acid, aroD (3-dehydroquinate dehydratase) was deleted in E. coli to accumulate the substrate, quinic acid. Using E. coli aroD mutant expressing 4CL, HQT and ydiB, 252.5 mg/L of chlorogenic acid could be produced, which is 17.5 fold higher than wild type. (SRAA)

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Poster Session

PBC-25

PBC-27

Biosynthesis of a Novel Flavonoid Glycoside in Escherichia coli

Woo-Joo Lee, Joong-Hoon Ahn*, Bong-Gyu Kim Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea Most flavonoids are found as sugar conjugates. Naturally occurring flavonoid sugar conjugates include glucoside, galactoside, glucuronide, rhamnoside, xyloside and arabinoside. These flavonoid glycosides have diverse physiological activities depending on the type of sugar attached. In order to synthesize unnatural flavonoid glycosides in Escherichia coli, two genes (UGlcNAcDH and UXNAcS), which convert E. coli endogenous nucleotide sugar UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine to UDP-N-acetyl-xylosamine, were introduced into E. coli. These two genes are involved in the production of a novel nucleotide sugar. Glycosyltransferase (GT), which transfers N-acetyl-xylosamine from UDP-N-acetyl-xylosamine to quercetin, was also introduced into E. coli. Supplement of quercetin in this E. coli resulted in the production of quercetin-3-O-N-acetyl- xylosamine. In order to increase the production of quercetin-3-O-N- acetyl-xylosamine in E. coli, we engineered E. coli to increase the supplement of substrate UDP-N-acetyl-glucosaminedeleting phosphglucomutase (pgm). With this engineered E. coli strain, quercetin-3-O-N-acetyl-xylosamine was produced 170% more than wild type E. coli.(SRAA)

Potato LEA Protein, StLEA, Involved in Drought Tolerance

Ji-Eun Choi , Dool Yi Kim * National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-701, Republic of Korea Late-embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are closely related to the acquisition of desiccation tolerance during seed development and accumulate in vegetative and reproductive tissues in response to environmental cues such as drought, salinity, and freezing. LEA proteins are considered to exert important roles under adverse environmental conditions. In this study, we isolated and characterized a LEA gene, StLEA (GB accession no. HQ881587), from Solanum tuberosum cv. Superior. StLEA expression is up-regulated under dehydration (PEG), NaCl, and low temperature, suggesting that StLEA may be involved in multiple stress responses. Blast search results in that StLEA is homologous to LEA_3 superfamily, of which functions are not well studied. To examine whether StLEA has role(s) in stress tolerance, StLEA under the control of stress-inducible RD29A promoter is introduced into potato. The presence of transgene, pRD29A:StLEA, were confirmed by genomic PCR, and the level of StLEA transcripts was examined by RT-PCR analysis. Among transgenic lines, 7 lines with higher level of residual StLEA expression were selected for further study. All 7 lines exhibited drought tolerance compared to wild type and were recovered from survival test under water deficit stress while wild type deceased, indicating that StLEA is involved in drought tolerance. We are also examining how StLEA transgenic plants respond to low temperature and salt stress, which will be addressed.
2 2

PBC-26

Biosynthesis of Quercetin-3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside in Escherichia coli

Hyeon Jeong Kim, Joong-Hoon Ahn*, Bong Gyu Kim Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea Regioselective glycosylation of flavonoids cannot be easily achieved due to the several hydroxyl groups present in flavonoids as well as sugars. This hardship can be overcome by employing uridine diphosphate dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs). UGTs use nucleotide sugars as sugar donor and diverse compounds including flavonoids as sugar acceptor. In order to synthesize quercetin-3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside, we used biotransformation using Escherichia coli harboring two UGTs. The first UGT transfers regioselectively glucose from UDP-glucose to 3-hydroxyl group of quercetin and the second UGT transfers rhamnose from UDP-rhamnose to 7-hydroxyl group of quercetin 3-O-glucoside. Using this approach, 120 M of quercetin 3-O-glucoside 7-O-rhamnoside from 300M of quercetin was synthesized. In addition, we engineered the pathway from UDP-glucose to UDP-rhamnose by introducing rhm, which converts UDP-glucose to UDP-rhamnose, into E. coli harboring two UGTs. With this E. coli, formation of byproduct was reduced.(SRAA)

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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PBC-28

PBC-29

Arabidopsis ROP-interactive CRIB Motif-containing Protein 1 (RIC1) Positively Regulates Auxin Signaling and Negatively Regulates ABA Signaling during Root Development
Yunjung Choi , Yuree Lee , Soo Young Kim , Jong Bum Kim , Hyun Uk Kim , Jae-Ung Hwang 2, Youngsook Lee2* 1 Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural 2 Science, RDA, POSTCH-UZH Global research Laboratory, Division of Molecular life sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 3Department of Agricultural Life Science, Chonnam National University Auxin and abscisic acid (ABA) modulate numerous aspects of plant development together, mostly in opposite directions, suggesting that extensive crosstalk occurs between the signaling pathways of the two hormones. However, little is known about the nature of this crosstalk. We demonstrate that ROP-interactive CRIB motif-containing protein 1 (RIC1) is a component of auxin and ABA crosstalk in root growth and lateral root formation. RIC1 is induced by both hormones, and is expressed in the roots of young seedlings, particularly in root tips and at sites of lateral root emergence. Whereas auxin-responsive gene induction and the effect of auxin on root growth and lateral root formation were suppressed in the ric1 knockout, ABA-responsive gene induction and the effect of ABA on seed germination, root growth, and lateral root formation were potentiated. Thus, RIC1 positively regulates auxin responses, but negatively regulates ABA responses. Furthermore, RIC1 appears to form feedback loops that regulate each of these hormone responses and to connect auxin and ABA signal transduction pathways. We show that RIC1 functions downstream of ROP9 and ROP10 GTPases in these pathways. Similar to ric1, null mutants of ROP9 and ROP10 exhibited altered responses to auxin and ABA in terms of gene expression, root development, and seed germination. Localization of GFP:RIC1 to the plasma membrane of root epidermal cells was significantly reduced in these null mutants. Together, our results suggest that RIC1 is a component of the intricate signaling network that underlies auxin and ABA crosstalk.
1 2 3 1 1

Metabolic Engineering for Production of Industrial Oils in Transgenic Plants

Hyun-A Shin, Kyeong-Ryeol Lee, Jong Bum Kim, Hyun Uk Kim* Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA Seed storage lipids of plants, essential for seed germination as energy supplier, have been used for humankind and animal as nutrition sources. Fatty acids of vegetable oils have the characters appropriate for industry based on their chain length, the position and the number of double bonds. So they are used as raw materials for lubricants, cosmetics, soaps, paints and plastics or as energy source such as bio-diesel. However, there is a limit that applies vegetable oils from typical oil crops for industrial uses, mainly because of the mixture of five common fatty acids. Therefore, identification of unusual fatty acids for industrial uses from diverse plant resources and metabolic engineering to produce unusual fatty acids have been carried out in Arabidopsis as a model for the study of oilseed biology. Here, we discuss the unusual fatty acids for industrial uses, the genes synthesizing them in lipid metabolism, and the current limits in production of transgenic plants accumulating unusual fatty acid in their seeds. In addition, we describe our work on metabolic engineering of Brassica napus for the production of the unusual fatty acid ricinoleic acid in the seed, because of its industrial uses.

PBC-30

Phospholipid: Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase, PDAT1-2 from Castor Bean Enhances Hydroxy Fatty Acid Accumulation in Transgenic Plants
Su Jin Jung, Kyeong-Ryeol Lee, Jong Bum Kim, Hyun Uk Kim* Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA Ricinoleic acid (12-hydroxy-octadeca-9-enoic acid) is a major unusual fatty acid in castor oil. This hydroxy fatty acid isuseful in industrial materials. This unusual fatty acid accumulates in triacylglycerol (TAG) in the seeds of the castor bean (Ricinus communis L.), even though it is synthesized in phospholipids, which indicates that the castor plant has an editing enzyme, that functions as a phospholipid: diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT) that is specific to ricinoleic acid. The transgenic plant containing fatty acid 2-hydroxylase from the castor bean, FAH12 gene, produces a limited amount of hydroxy fatty acid, maximum around 17% of TAG present in Arabidopsis seeds and this unusual fatty acid remains in phospholipids of cell membranes in seeds. Identification of ricinoleate-specific PDAT from the castor bean and manipulation of the phospholipid editing system in transgenic plants will enhance accumulation of hydroxy fatty acid in transgenic seeds. The castor plant has three PDAT genes; PDAT1-1 and PDAT2 are homologs of PDAT, which are commonly found in plants; however, PDAT1-2 is newly grouped as a castor bean-specific. PDAT1-2 is expressed in developing seeds and localized in endoplasmic reticulum, similar to FAH12, indicating its involvement in conversion of ricinoleic acid into TAG. PDAT1-2 significantly enhances accumulation of total hydroxy fattyacids up to 25%, with a significant increase in castor-like oil, 2-OH TAG in seeds of transgenic Arabidopsis, which is an identification of the key gene for oilseed engineering in production of unusual fatty acids.

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Poster Session

PBC-31

PBC-33

Molecular Characterization and Functional Analysis of Four FAD2 Genes from Brassica napus
Kyeong-Ryeol Lee , Young Sam Go , Jin Hee Jung , Jong Bum Kim , Kyung 1 3 1 Hee Roh , Mi Chung Suh , Hyun Uk Kim * 1 Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, 2Department of Plant Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, 3 Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University Fatty acid desaturase 2(FAD2), where exists in endoplasmic reticulum (ER), plays an role in producing linoleic acid (18:2) through desaturation forming double bond of 12 position by using oleic acid (18:1) as precursor. FAD2 is the first step enzyme involved in producing polyunsaturated fatty acids composed in glycerolipids of cell membrane and triacylglycerols in seed. We have identified four FAD2 genes from allotetraploid Brassica napus genome by PCR amplification, which divided into two groups: type I (FAD2-1, FAD2-2) shows ubiquitous and type II (FAD2-3, FAD2-4) is seed-abundant expression. Four FAD2 genes of B. napus were originated from crossing in diploid B. rapa and B. oleracea. Each B. rapa and B. oleracea, respectively has two genes corresponding with type I and type II from B. napus. The FAD2-3 of B. napus, nonfunctional gene derived from multiple deletions and insertions in nucleotides, was originated from B. rapa. Three FAD2 proteins except for FAD2-3 were localized on ER, but nonfunctional FAD2-3 protein leads to localize on nucleus. The function of four BnFAD2s was confirmed by analyses of fatty acid from budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) introduced pYES vector carrying four BnFAD2 genes, respectively. Budding yeast transformed by BnFAD2-1, -2, -4 can synthesize 18:2 as well as 16:2. However, wild type yeast and transformed by blank vector cannot synthesize any polyunsaturated fatty acid.
1 2 3 1

Acanthopanax senticosus Has Heme Oxygenase-1 Signaling-dependent Effect on Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS-stimulated Macrophages
Hye Soo Kim , Sun Young Park , Eun Yeon Ryu , Young Hun Kim , Geuntae Park2, Hyeng Sik Son 1, Sang Joon Lee 1* 1 Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of 2 Korea, Institute for Research & Industry Cooperation, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea, 3Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a causative element for a chronic inflammatory disease in oral, paradentitis. Previous studies widely confirmed the effectiveness of Acanthopanax senticosus (ASE) in preventing and treating several inflammatory diseases, but, its accurate mechamisms remain poorly explained. In the present study, we extracted ASE ethylacetate fraction and tested whether ASE has antiinflammatory effect in P. gingivalis LPS-stimulated macrophages. First, ASE evidently suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-, IL-1 and IL-6 in dose-dependent manner. Next, ASE inhibited the nuclear translocation, activity of NF-B and further phosphorylation of I-Bin LPS-induced macrophage cells. Inhibition of NF-B activation by ASE suggests that ASE exerts its anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of NF-B. Several studies have indicated that HO-1 expression is induced by a variety of stimuli such as LPS, cytokines, oxidative stress, and antioxidant phytochemicals. The anti-inflammatory response of ASE was attenuated in the presence of a specific inhibitor of HO-1 (SnPP). HO-1 expression was induced after pretreatment with ASE in macrophages via Nrf-2 signaling, ERK and JNK activation. Taken together, our study suggests that ASE exerts anti-inflammatory effects on P.g LPS-stimulated macrophages by a reduction of NF-B activity and up-regulation of HO-1 through activation of MAPK signaling and Nrf-2 pathway. Therefore, ASE could be a prospective candidate for the suppression of excessive inflammatory responses in the oral.
1 3 3 3

PBC-32

PBC-34

Molecular Cloning of Two FAD2 Genes from American Grape (Vitis labrusca L.) and Functional Analysis in fad2 Arabidopsis Plant
Yuri Choi1, Kyeong-Ryeol Lee 1, Sun Hee Kim 1, Young Sam Go 2, Sung Min 3 1 1 4 1 Cheong , Kyung Hee Roh , Jong Bum Kim , Mi Chung Suh , Hyun Uk Kim * 1 Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, 2Department of Plant Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, 3 Department of Horticultural Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, 4Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University The synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), the most abundant fatty acids in plant, is started by the catalytic reaction of FAD2 (fatty acid desaturase 2), called the microsomal oleate 12-desaturase. FAD2 gene was firstly identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. Subsequently, FAD2 genes from other various oil crops have been reported. Grape is one of the most grown fruit in the world. The most part of the commercially cultivated grape is Vitis vinifera and V. labrusca. Grapeseed oil contains approximately 60-70% of linoleic acid (18:2), which is relatively higher proportion than other oil crops. Recently, whole genome sequence of european grape, V. vinifera was revealed. Because V. labrusca is closely related to V. vinifera, so we cloned two putative FAD2 genes from V. labrusca using V. vinifera genome information. Phylogenetic relationship among various FAD2 represents that VlFAD2-1 and VlFAD2-2 are separately grouped in constitutive and seed-specific FAD2, respectively. We transformed fad2-1 mutant Arabidopsis with Agrobacterium tumefaciens GV3101 harboring VlFAD2-1 or VlFAD2-2 and confirmed the FAD2 activity by restoring PUFA proportions to wild type from fad2-1 seeds. PUFA proportions of transgenic plants were equivalent or higher than 40% to those of Col-0. In conclusion, functional FAD2 genes in V. labrusca exist two different types and their function was confirmed by complemention of fad2-1 mutant Arabidopsis.

Anti-inflammatory Activity of Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam through Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression via Nrf-2 and p38 MAPK Signaling in Macrophages
Gwi Hae Jin , Sun Young Park , Eun Yeon Ryu , Young Hun Kim , Geuntae Park3, Sang Joon Lee 1* 1 Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of 2 Korea, Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, 3 Republic of Korea, Institute for Research & Industry Cooperation, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea Heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) is regarded as a key molecule for controlling oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions. Recently, it has been reported that several natural extracts have anti-inflammatory effects through HO-1 induction. In this study, we used Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam ethyl acetate fraction(BCE) and investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of BCE in macrophages stimulated with LPS from P. gingivalis. We observed that BCE inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines expression such as TNF-a, IL-1b, IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, While BCE increased HO-1 expression. Also BCE suppressed the nuclear translocation and activity of NF-kB and phosphorylation of IkB. We examined whether anti-inflammatory effects of BCE related to expression of HO-1via Nrf-2 activation. BCE increased nuclear translocation of Nrf-2. Treatment with a selective inhibitor of HO-1(SnPP) suppressed the BCE-mediated inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These results suggest that BCE induces anti-inflammatory effects by HO-1 induction through Nrf-2 activation. Furthermore, BCE-mediated induction of HO-1 was related to phosphorylation ofp38 which is important upstream signaling molecule in inflammatory reactions. Inhibition of p38 decreased BCE-mediated induction of HO-1, suggesting that BCE induce HO-1 expression via p38 signaling. Through this study, we found that BCE in P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide stimulated macrophages induces anti-inflammatory effects by activating Nrf-2-mediated HO-1 induction via p38 signaling. Ultimately, this indicates that BCE is suggested as a promising therapeutic agent to combat inflammatory diseases.
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PBC-35

PBC-37

Characterization of Brassica rapa GIGANTEA Related to Regulation of Flowering Time

Jin A Kim *, Woe Yeon Kim , Joon Ki Hong , Jung Sun Kim , Yeon-Hee Lee 1 Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 224 Suinro Gwonseon-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 441-707, Republic of Korea, 2Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, #900 Gajwa-dong, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea Flowering is one of the most important development traits for the production of Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa). After planting, sudden low temperature triggers premature flowering leading to a reduction in the yield and quality of harvested production. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of flowering control is important in agronomic practice in preventing Chinese cabbage from flowering prematurely. Mutations in the Arabidopsis GIGANTEA(GI) gene delay flowering and enlarge the plant size. We isolated the GI gene in Brassica rapa using in silico method and constructed RNAi vectors which contained each 10 fragment from the coding region and 3`-UTR. These constructs were transformed into Arabidopsis thaliana L.(Columbia ecotypes). These suppression lines showed various phenotypes in terms of flowering time and size. The analysis of mRNA expression and phenotypes revealed the domains which showed strong suppression effects on GI expressions. In this study, we confirmed function of BrGI in flowering time and plant size and also suggested the new possibility to regulate flowering time of B. rapa. by the RNAi-mediated knockdown.
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Expression of Brassica rapa SHI Family Genes Regulate Growth and Development in Arabidopsis
Joon Ki Hong*, Jin A Kim, Jung Sun Kim, Soo In Lee, Yeon-Hee Lee Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Korea SHI (short internodes)-related sequence (SRS) genes are plant-specific transcription factors containing a zinc-binding RING finger motif, which have critical role to play in plant growth, development of shoot apical region, and gynoecium and leaf development. Six cDNAs encoding SRS were isolated from Brassica rapa shoot apical regions. To define the function of BrSRS genes in plant growth and development, BrSRS overexpressing transgenic Arabidopsis plants were generated. Among these, BrSTY1, BrSRS7, and BrLRP1over-expressing Arabidopsis exhibited dwarfed plant growth and upward curling leaf. Also, these transgenic plants had narrow widths and short petioles in leaves, and showed shorter siliques and low fertility. However, transgenic plants over-expressing BrSTY2a, BrSTY2b, and BrSRS5 genes were phenotypicaly similar to the wild-type plants. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analyses of transgenic plants revealed that BrSTY1, BrSRS7, and BrLRP1 genes differentlyregulate expression of several GA and auxin related-genes in leaves, shoot apical regions, and roots. From these data, we deduced that BrSTY1, BrSRS7, and BrLRP1 genes may participate in the control of growth and development by regulating expression of phytohormone-related genes.

PBC-36

PBC-38

Discerning the Flowering Type of Brassica Crop by PCR Marker

Jin A Kim*, Jung Sun Kim, Joon Ki Hong, Yeon-Hee Lee, Soo In Lee Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 224 Suinro Gwonseon-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 441-707, Republic of Korea Flowering is one of themost important development traits for the production of Brassica rapa crops. After planting, sudden low temperature triggers premature flowering leading to a reduction in the yield and quality of harvested production. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of flowering control is important in agronomic practice in preventing Brassica rapa from flowering prematurely. Vernalization is generally known as main factor of flowering in Brassica plant. However, in the subspecies of Brassica rapa, some accession like Yellow sarson and Komatsuna show the phenotype of flowering without vernalization. We classified the 22 B. rapa accession to two groups, vernalization and non-vernalization and sequenced several flowering gene and circadian gene conserved in the accession. Among them, BrPRR1b gene is come out to have variation regions which classify the two groups by 33 bp deletion. The PCR primer was designed to amplify the short band of 422bp in vernalization type and long band of 451bp in non-vernalization type. This primer set was applied to distinguish the flowering type in 43 B. rapa accession and 4 Brassica genus crop, Broccoli, cabbage, mustard, and rape. The PCR results and flowering information of each crop showed that the primer set can be used as marker to discern flowering type in Brassica crops. This marker system can be applied to B. rapa breeding selecting flowering character of new progenies or introduction varieties at the early stage.

Analysis of the gALCHS7 Promoter from Acapulco lily in Transgenic Petunia Hybrida and Nicotiana tabacum
Eun-Jung Suh *, Bong Hee Han , Byeong Woo Yae , Dong-hern Kim , Mi-Jeong Jeong 1, Seung-Bum Lee1, Seong-Kon Lee1, An-Cheol Chang1, Shin-Chul Bae1 1 Bio-crop Development Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, 441-857, KOREA, 2Dept. of Seed Service, Foundation of Agri. Tech. Commercialization & Transfer, 441-100, Korea, 3Floriculture Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, 441-440, Korea In previously work, we isolated anther-expressed promoter from Acapulco lily. Isolated clone was 1584 bp size and confirmed its expression region by introducing petunia ( petunia hybrida cv. Dreams Red). Ten transgenic plant using GUS (-glucuronidase) was highly expressed in anther but some of them (five of ten lines) also showed weak GUS expression in ovule. Flurorometric assay with floral organ from transgenic plants was revealed that GUS activity of line 6 was highest expression in anther. In that case, our promoter was higher activity than that of 35S CaMV promotor by 3 folds. To determine anther specific region in gALCHS7 promoter, we deleted the clone about 100-200 bp by cis-acting elements. Among 6 deleted construction, the minist promoter (gALCHS7-7, 270 bp) was showed GUS expression only in anther. Through dark-field microscopic analysis, pollen, endothesium, and epidermis in anther organ were showed red signal faintly. We are trying to confirm other elements by petunia and also transformed to tabacco (Nicotiana tabacum L cv. Xanthi) with same clones to apply for other plants.
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Plenary Lecture

Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBC-39

PBC-40

Schisandra chinensis Compounds Induces Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression through PI3K/Akt and Nrf2 Signaling and Has Anti-inflammatory Activity in Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated Macrophages
Sun Young Park , Mei Ling Jin , Eun Yeon Ryu , Young Hun Kim , Young-Whan Choi3, Geuntae Park 4, Sang Joon Lee 2 1 Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, 2 Republic of Korea, Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea, 3Department of Horticultural Bioscience, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea, 4Institute for Research & Industry Cooperation, Pusan National University,, Busan, Republic of Korea Heme oxygenase-1 is a potent anti-inflammatory molecule that regulates pro-inflammatory mediators. In this study, we assessed the anti-inflammatory effects of a novel Schisandra chinensis compounds (SCCs: a-iso-cubebenol, Schisandrin, gomisins A, G and J) isolated from the dried fruits of Schisandra chinensisin macrophage and investigated the involvement of HO-1 signaling. We first observed that SCCs induced HO-1 mRNA and protein expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner via theactivation of erythroid-specific nuclear factor-regulated factor 2. We also found that SCCs induced phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt and extracellular-regulated kinase in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, treatment of cells with inhibitors and siRNA specific for PI3K/Akt and ERK decreased the expression of HO-1. These results suggested that SCCs induce HO-1 expression through the activation of PI3K/Akt, ERK, and Nrf2 signaling. Next, SCCs strongly inhibited Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS-stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, we observed that SCCs treatment inhibited the nuclear levels and activity of NF-B in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, treatment with tin-protoporphyrin, a selective inhibitor of HO-1, reversed the SCCs -mediated inhibition of P. gingivalis LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines. Hence, Schisandra chinensis compounds might induce anti-inflammatory effects on P. gingivalis LPS-stimulated macrophages by mediating the activation of PI3k/Akt and ERK that leads to the over-expression of HO-1 and Nrf-2. These findings suggest that Schisandra chinensis compounds may be considered as a novel therapeutic agent to ameliorate periodontitis. (SRAA)
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Identification of Acorus gramineus, Acorus calamus and Acorus tatarinowii by Comparison of Sequence Characterized Amplified Regions and Specific SCAR Primers
Young Seon Kim, Jin Ah Ryuk, Byoung Seob Ko* Aging Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Acori Gramineri Rhizoma, widely used traditional herb medicine, is the roots of Acorus gramineus Soland. Acoraceae contained Acorus gramineus, Acorus calamus, Acorus tatarinowii etc. In China, A. tatarinowii is called as same name of A. gramineus in Korea. In the this study, we examined polymorphism analysis of Acori Gramineri Rhizoma to compare the difference at the genomic DNA level. As a result, ITS1 and ITS4 in nDNA region and rbcL in cpDNA sequences of Acorus gramineus, Acorus calamus and Acorus tatarinowii were compared. And we designed specific primer for A. calamus and A. tatarinowii in ITS region (A.cataF4/ R4). RAPD analysis showed a difference of A. calamus in UBC 681 primer.The specific primer (Aca681-F/R) designed was amplified at 138bp A. caramus. Designed primer in this study (A.cataF4/A.cataR4, Aca681-F/R) can be used as multiplex PCR primer. The SCAR marker is expected to serve as molecular evidence distinguishing Araceae Radix.

PBC-41

Identification of Candidate Genes for Marbling Trait in Hanwoo

Hyesun Park , Seung Hwan Lee , Hwan-Hoo Seong , Dajeong Lim 1 Animal Genomics & Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Scinece, RDA, 2Hanwoo Breeding Lab, Hanwoo Experiment Station, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA The intramuscular fat is important trait for meat quality of beef market in Korea. QTL studies are performed for finding has affects genomic regions for expression trait of phenotype by genetic variations. Also, pathway analysis is useful method for understanding of expression of phenotypes in biological level. In this study, we performed QTL fine mapping for marbling using bovine 10K SNP panel. We found candidate genes from detected putative QTL regions for marbling. From these candidate genes we performed functional annotation using Gene Ontology term (GO) and pathway analysis for find involving lipid metabolism or fat depositions. As a result, we found nine of putative QTL regions for marbling. We found several candidate genes are involving lipid metabolism and fatty acid storage from putative QTL region.
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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PBC-42

PBC-44

Nitrooleate Stimulate Nitric Oxide Production as Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Gamma Ligands
Eunju Shin, Jihye Lim, Heejin Lim, Jieun Seo, Jinah Hwang* Department of Foods and Nutrition, Myongji University, YongIn 449-728, Republic of Korea Nitrated lipids such as nitrooleate (OA-NO2) can act as endogenous peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR) ligands to exert vascular protective effects. However, the molecular mechanism regarding nitric oxide (NO) production and its regulation are not fully defined in the vasculature. Here, we show that OA-NO2 increased cultured endothelial NO release via modulating activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in HUVECs. Treatment with OA-NO2 (3 M) increased NO release in time-dependent manner. OA-NO2 decrased protein expression of eNOS and caveolin-1 but increased Hsp90 protein expression. Immunoprecipitation analysis confirmed that OA-NO2 replaced eNOS-caveolin1 with eNOS-Hsp90 interaction. OA-NO2 also induced 633 1177 eNOS phosphorylation at Ser and Ser and eNOS dephosphorylation 495 at Thr . OA-NO2 up-regulate eNOS activity through the activation of extracellular signal regulated protein kinase (ERK)1/2 and AKT signaling. Collectively, these results substantiate a new functional role for nitrated fatty acids, demonstrating that OA-NO2 exerts vascular protective effects by increasing NO bioavailability through eNOS hosphorylation /dephosphorylation and interaction with associated proteins such as caveolin-1 and Hsp90. (SRAA)

The Functional Comparison of Three Basic Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors in Rice Defense Signaling
Seok-Jun Moon, Dongjin Shin, Seyoun Han, Myung-Ok Byun* Bio-crop development division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon 441-857, Korea We chose and named three genes of leucine zipper (bZIP) domain transcription factors as OsRBI1, OsRBI2, and OsRBI3, respectively, and studied a functional role in rice defense signaling. Under SA treatment conditions, transcript level of OsRBI3 was increased from 3 hour, but transcript levels of OsRBI1 and OsRBI2 were increased from 6 hour. OsRBI1 and OsRBI3 were enhanced under MeJA and Xoo treatment, but not OsRBI2. These OsRBIs had common characteristics of bZIP transcription factor; nuclear localization, DNA binding, and homo- or heterodimerization. We further examined the protein-protein interactions between three OsRBIs and five OsNH-like proteins in yeast and plant. OsRBI1 and OsRBI2 interacted with OsNH-like proteins, but OsRBI3 didnt interact with OsNH-like proteins in yeast. However, in rice protoplast, OsRBI3 can strongly interact with OsNH1 and OsNH2. Over-expression of OsRBI3 transgenic plants showed resistance phenotype against bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xoo, but not OsRBI2. Finally, several pathogen-related genes such as PR1a are up-regulated in over-expression of OsRBI3 transgenic plant. These results indicate that these bZIP TFs have high sequence homology, but may be have different a biological role in rice defense signaling.(SRAA)

PBC-43

PBC-45

Molecular Characterization of Two Rice Sucrose Synthase Genes, OsSUS5 and OsSUS7, Evolved via Duplication of a Chromosome Region
Jung-Il Cho , Hyun-Bi Kim , Chi-Yeol Kim , Tae-Ryong Hahn , Gurdev S. Khush 1,2, Jong-Seong Jeon 1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology & Plant Metabolism Research Center, Kyung 2 Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, Department of Plant Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA Systematic searches using the complete genome sequence of rice (Oryza sativa) identified OsSUS7, a new member of the rice sucrose synthase (OsSUS) gene family, which shows only nine single nucleotide substitutions in the OsSUS5 coding sequence. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the synteny between OsSUS5 and OsSUS7 is conserved, and that significant numbers of transposable elements are scattered at both loci. In particular, a 17.6-kb genomic region containing transposable elements was identified in the 5 upstream sequence of the OsSUS7gene. GFP fusion experiments indicated that OsSUS5 and OsSUS7 are largely associated with the plasma membrane and partly with the cytosol in maize mesophyll protoplasts. RT-PCR analysis and transient expression assays revealedthat OsSUS5 and OsSUS7exhibit similar expression patterns in rice tissues, with the highest expression evident in roots. These results suggest that two redundant genes, OsSUS5 and OsSUS7, evolved via duplication of a chromosome region and through the transposition of transposable elements.
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Feeding Test of Transgenic Chinese cabbage Expressing Insecticidal Gene mCry1Ac1

Myung-Ho Lim, Hong-Il Ahn, Yang Qin, Jin-Hyoung Lee, Kong-Sik Shin, Hee-Jong Woo, Hyun-Suk Cho, Yong-Hwan Park, Seok-Cheol Suh, Soon-Jong Kweon* Biosafety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon 441-707, Korea A transgenic Chinese cabbage plant with insecticidal gene mCry1Ac1, which encodes a crystal protein from B. thuringiensis, has been developed. Stable expression and inheritance of mCry1Ac1 gene through the generations were confirmed by southern blot analysis, immuno-strip assay, and RT-PCR analyses. Flanking sequence analysis confirmed that the introduced T-DNA in transgenic plant was inserted on the intergenic loci of pseudochromosome A10 of B. rapa. Four Lepidopteran insect species, Plutella xylostella, Heliothis assulta, Spodoptera exigua, and Spodoptera litura were used for feeding test with transgenic Chinese cabbage and survival ratios were examined after 4 days of feeding with young leaves of transgenic plants. Both Heliothis assulta and Plutella xylostella showed near 100% death ratio after 4 days of feeding. However, death ratios of Spodoptera exigua and Spodoptera litura were around 5~15%. This result demonstrated that the transgenic Chinese cabbage which expressing Cry1Ac1 protein has species-specific spectrum of insecticidal ability against Lepidoteran species.

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Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBC-46

PBC-48

Phosphoproteomics of Rat Brain and the Effect of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Cognition
Jinwoo Lee, Seonmin Park, Jinkyu Lim Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu, Korea The human brain maintains homeostasis, cognition and interpretation, motor control, emotional responsiveness and behavior. Brain mechanism of learning and memory is promoted by biological activity of proteins by inducing phosphorylation. Some signals transfer sub-signals through reversible phosphorylation. In this study, we investigated the effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid by determining metabolism and level of phosphorylation in relation to cognitive brain function. Experimental animals were divided into two groups and fed with ground seed and oil diets of Perilla frutescens in a three-weeks (young group) and three-months (old group) feeding period. Each rat model from the different groups were subjected to behavioral and memory tests using the T-maze Test to compare the learning and memory development. After this, test animals were sacrificed and the brain tissue were collected particularly the cerebral cortex and hippocampus - areas of the brain responsible for cognitive function. The brain samples were subjected to 2D gel and candidate proteins were confirmed using MALDI-TOF and Q-TOF. Based on the results, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids induced phosphorylation thus, enhancing cognitive function.
*

Quantitative Analysis of mCry1Ac1 and PAT Proteins Expression during the Growth Stages of Genetically Modified Rice
Hyo Jin Kim*, Si Myung Lee, Jae Kwang Kim, Bumkyu Lee, Seok Cheol Suh Biosafety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Korea. Genetically modified (GM) rice containing modified Cry1Ac (mCry1Ac1) and phosphinothricin acetyl transferase (PAT) was developed by the Rural Development Admistration in Korea. Analysis of protein expressed in GM product is important as part of an overall safety assessment. In this study, we analyzed mCry1Ac1 and PAT protein levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). mCry1Ac1 and PAT expression levels, based on both dry weight and fresh weight, were variable among different plant generations and plant sections from isolated genetically modified organism (GMO) fields at four developmental stages. mCry1Ac1 expression was highest in leaves at tillering stage (0.83mg/gdw and 0.30 mg/gfw) and lowest in brown rice (0.25 g/gdw and 0.19 g/gfw). PAT expression was also highest in leaves at tillering stage (97.49 g/gdw and 32.17 g/gfw) and lowest in polished rice (1.02 g/gdw and 0.78 g/gfw). Unlike PAT protein, mCry1Ac1 was not detected in polished rice. As a general pattern show a decline of mCry1Ac1 and PAT expression with the passage of time. As expected, mCry1Ac1 and PAT protein expression was not detectable in non GM rice.This study applies to the regulation for Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Foods which is notified by the KFDA.

PBC-47

PBC-49

Survey Analysis on the Farmers Awareness and Perception on Genetically Modified Crops in Korea
Bumkyu Lee *, Kyungja Kim , Hyo Jin Kim , Hee-Jong Woo , Seok-Cheol Suh 1 1 Biosafety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Korea, 2School of Human Ecology, Catholic University, Bucheon, 420-743, Korea A survey of farmers awareness and perception of genetically modified (GM) crops was conducted from October 2009 to January 2010. The questionnaires were distributed to 717 farmers who lived in four cities (Nonsan, Kimcheon, Chungju, and Sangju) in Korea. More than 86% of respondents were exposed to information related to GM crops. The GM crops that respondents had heard were yield increase (31%), disease resistance (21%), insect resistance (18%), and the biggest source of the informations was TV/radio (50%). Though 53% of farmers responded that GM crops have benefit to people, 61% of respondents concerned about GM food safety. The farmers attitude about culture of GM crops was 39%, and preference of GM traits was disease resistance (20%), health improvement (18%), yield increase (16%), flavor improvement (14%).
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The Rice Functional ABA Receptor OsABAR10 Is a Positive Regulator of the ABA Signal Transduction Pathway in Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth
Hyunmi Kim , Hyunsik Hwang , Jung-Woo Hong , Il Pyung Ahn , In Sun Yoon , Sang-Dong Yoo 2, Sung Chul Lee 3, Beom-Gi Kim 1* 1 Bio-crop Development Department, National Academy of Agricultural Science, 2 RDA, Suwon, Korea, Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746 Korea, 3School of Biological Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756 Korea ABA is a phytohormone that positively regulates seed dormancy and stress tolerance, and negatively regulates vegetative growth. PYR/RCAR was identified as an intracellular ABA receptor regulating ABA dependent gene expression in Arabidopsis.However, its function in monocot species has not been characterized yet. We showed here that PYR/RCAR orthologues in a monocot rice act a positive regulator of ABA signal transduction pathway. Transgenic rice plants expressing OsABAR10, a PYR/RCAR orthologue of rice were hypersensitive to ABA during seed germination and early seedling growth. We further identified a rice ABA signaling unit comprised of OsABAR10, OsPP2CA8, SAPK2 and OsABI5/OREB1 for ABA-dependent gene regulation by using interaction assays and a transient gene expression assay. Thus we have demonstrated that PYR/RCAR based ABA signaling is evolutionarily conserved in both monocot and dicot plants. This study may presents valuable ideas to improve its commodity value through rewiring ABA-dependent stress adaptation in monocot crops.
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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PBC-50

PBC-52

Gene Expression and Interaction Network of OsPYR/RCARs and Subclass A OsPP2Cs in Rice
Min Kuk, Hyunmi Kim, Hyunsik Hwang, Kyeyoon Lee, Beom-Gi Kim* Bio-crop Development Department, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon, Korea ABA is the phytohormone which gives the abiotic stress tolerance to the plants. Recently the ABA receptors related with ABA dependent gene expression were reported in Arabidopsis thaliana. The ABA receptors transduce the ABA signal through the interaction with subclass A PP2Cs and PP2Cs activate the SnRK2 which phosphorylate the ABFs, transcription factors in A. thaliana. We tried to identify the signaling components and interaction networks of ABA receptors and OsPP2Cs in rice. These signaling components, OsPYR/RCARs, OsPP2C and SAPKs were conserved in the protein structures and the number of genes in rice. We tried to identify the interaction networks between OsPYR/RCARs and subclass A PP2Cs using the yeast two hybridization in rice. OsPYR/ RCARs interacted with subclass A OsPP2Cs dependently on ABA. However, OsPP2C3 and OsPP2C4 interacted with some OsPYR/RCARs independently on ABA. Taken together, we suppose that the ABA signaling components and signaling network is highly conserved between Arabidopsis and rice.

OsHMB4, a WOX Homedomain-containing Protein Is Involved in Early Flowering in Rice

Pham Thi Minh Thu , Songhwa Chae , Min-Jeong Kim , Joung-Sug Kim , 2 3 3 1,2 Kyong-Mi Jun , Hyang-Mi Park , Yul-Ho Kim , Baek-Hie Nahm , Yeon-Ki Kim 2* 1 Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji university, Yongin, 449-728, 2 Korea, Genomics Genetics Institute, GreenGene Biotech Inc, Yongin, 449-728, Korea, 3Upland Crop Research division, National Institute of Crop Science, Suwon 441-857, Korea The Wuschel related homeobox (WOX) family proteins are key regulators implicated in the determination of cell fate in plants by preventing cell differentiation. In this study, we identified a WOX protein from rice, named OsHMB4, which is involved in early flowering under different day length conditions. OsHMB4 is a member of the most conserved WOX clade in plants, WOX13, which affects root and flower development in Arabidopsis. OsHMB4 is highly expressed in germination seeds, roots, and mature leaves. During flowering stage, it is abundant in flag leaf then accumulated in flower after pollination. When over-expression of OsHMB4 under rab21, a drought and seed specific promoter, the early flowering phenotype was observed through T1 and T2 generations both in the field and green house conditions, on the main harvest of the year (May to Oct, long-day condition). Besides, there is an over-expression line under constitutive promoter that stably flowers earlier than wild-type in short-day (winterearly spring) but not long-day condition, which suggests OsHMB4 may involve in photoperiod or light signaling response. The early flowering phenotypeof different transgenic plants, which were transformed with different promoters, in different conditions suggests that HMB4 may have more than one function that promotes the early flowering in rice.
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PBC-51

PBC-53

Determination of Transcription Factor Binding Motifs Using Quadruple 9-mer-Based Protein Binding Microarray (Q9-PBM)
Eun Hye Choi , Min-Jeong Kim , Pil Joong Chung , Yoon-Mok Pahk , Tae-Ho Lee 1, Mee Yeon Hong 1, Tae Hoon Kim 1, Yeon-Ki Kim 1*, Baek Hie Nahm 1,2 1 Genomics genetics Institute, GreenGene Biotech, Yongin, Kyonggi, 449-728, South Korea, 2Division of Environmental Biological Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggi, 449-728, South Korea The surveying of binding affinity between a particular transcription factor and DNA motifs is important in order to understand the global gene expression and regulatory networks of an organism. In this study, the PBM technology was facilitated using a DsRed fluorescent protein and a concatenated sequence of oligonucleotides. The PBM was designed in such a way that target probes were synthesized as quadruples of all possible 9-mer combinations, permitting unequivocal interpretation of the cis-acting elements. The complimentary DNA strands of the features were synthesized with a primer and DNA polymerase on microarray slides. Proteins were labeled via N-terminal fusion with DsRed fluorescent protein, which circumvents the need for a multi-step incubation. The concatenated PBM, named Q9-PBM, presented herein confirmed the well-known DNA-binding sequences of Cbf1 from yeast, CBF1/DREB1B and FUS3 from Arabidopsis. Their binding motifs of DNA were basically matched to the core of the previously identified and the adjacent sequences could be extended from Q9-PBM results, Also, Q9-PBM was applied to elucidate the unidentified cis-acting
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Capillary Electrophoresis Conditions for Quantification of Slightest Amount dNMPs

Kyeong-Hwa Oh *, Sook-Kyung Kim , Hyo-Jin Yang , Inchul Yang 1 Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, University of Science and Technology, KRISS, Doryong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea, 2Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Doryong-dong, Yuseonggu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea Capillary electrophoresis(CE) is an useful technique for separation and quantification of charged molecules. Especially, a micellar electrokinetic chromatography(MEKC), usinga cationicsurfactant to reverse electro osmotic force(EOF), is appropriate CE mode to separate and quantify 2-deoxyribonucleoside 5-monophosphates(dNMPs). There are several important factors for dNMP separation; buffer pH, background electrolyte (BGE) concentration and salt concentration of stacking buffer. Even though separation conditions are well established, the detailed conditions for small amount of dNMPs quantification are not well known. Under the optimized separating conditions, we chose and changed three independent variable factors; stacking time, stacking buffer and glycerol concentrations with 2.38~9.53ppm dNMPs concentration. Beyond our expectations, results were showed the lower dNMPs concentration, the more stacking time consuming. Also, a high glycerol concentration in the sample, the peaks shape had difficulty in integration and calculation of dNMPs molar concentration.
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Poster Session

PBC-54

PBC-56

Study on OsMET2a during Flowering Development in Rice

Pham Quoc Tuan , Kyong-Mi Jun , Hyun Ju Ko , Yeon-Ki Kim , Baek-Hie Nahm 1,2* 1 Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji university, Yongin, 449-728, 2 Korea, Genomics Genetics Institute, GreenGene Biotech Inc., Yongin, 449-728, Korea DNA methylation is a biochemical process that plays a very important role in development of plant and animal. In rice (Oryza sativajaponica) genome, there are 10 genes that contain the highly conserved methylase catalytic domain. In this study, through callus culture, we collected a mutant line of OsMET2a whose last intron was inserted by TOS17. T1 seeds of the mutant are smaller in size and darker in color compared to wild-type. OsMET2aexpresses strongly in flower before pollination (BP) and drops rapidly after pollination (AP). Thus, it might involve in regulating of genes that function in early stage of flowering by modifying their methylation status. Homozygous T1 plants were selected by T-DNA sequence flanking and genomic PCR with gene-specific primers. The RT-PCR result of homozygous flower at BP stage still shows the expression of MET2a at transcript level, which suggests that the mutant phenotype is caused by the changes after mRNA transcription process. In future, we will verify the affect of OsMET2a to methylation status of genes related to flowering in rice.
1 2 2 2

FSTVAL: Construction of Software for Validating Flanking Sequence Tags

Joung Sug Kim *, Jiye Kim , Tea-Ho Lee , Kyong Mi Jun , Yul-Ho Kim , 3 2 1,2 2 Hyang-Mi Park , Seung Hyun An , Baek Hie Nahm , Yeon-Ki Kim 1 Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, MyongJi University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea, 2Genomics Genetics Institute, GreenGene BioTech Inc., Yongin, 3 Kyonggido 449-728, Korea, Upland Crop Research division, National Institute of Crop Science, Suwon 441-857, Korea Although the huge number of genes has been predicted by sequence information, the functions of the most genes are still unknown. To determine gene functions, insertional mutagenesis by T-DNA or transposones has been generally used. Undertaking such a project, the validation of flanking sequences and determination their positions along the chromosomes is indispensable. However, those processes are laborious and complicated regardless of the number of the mutants. To decrease the efforts of a researcher, we developed an open web-based tool, flanking sequence tags validator (FSTVAL), tomanage bulk flanking sequence tags (FSTs). FSTVAL automatically evaluates the FSTs and finds their best mapping positions against genome sequence. The statistics in terms of genic and intergenic regions are presented as a table, a distribution map, and a frequency graph along the chromosomes. Sequences ranging 0.1 to 1 kb regions around insertions are extracted to test preference of insertions on genome in terms of GC content and sequence motifs. Currently, 16 plant genome sequences are available as reference sequences. We evaluated the utility of the tool with rice 4,252 FSTs. The whole process from uploading the sequences to generating statistics tables of insertions took 19 minutes, which suggested it took about 0.27 seconds per sequence. FSTVAL also successfully handles with 27,621 preexisting rice T-DNA insertion sequences as well. FSTVAL is freely available without login at http://bioinfo.mju.ac.kr/fstval/.
1 1 2 2 3

PBC-55

PBC-57

Quantification of Genomic DNA from Microorganism by Capillary Electrophoresis Analysis

Hyo-Jin Yang , Sook-Kyung Kim *, Sang-Ryoul Park , Inchul Yang 1 Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Doryong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea, 2Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, University of Science and Technology, KRISS, Doryong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea There are many analysis techniques for DNA quantification measurement of UV absorbance, intercalation of fluorescence dyes, quantitation of phosphorus by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and dNMP quantitaion by capillary electrophoresis(CE). We purified genomic DNA from E. coli and B. subtilis with three different methods-the organic solvent extraction with CTAB, anion exchange chromatography, and silica gel adsorption. Quantity of each microbial genomic DNA was determined by several different methods as mentioned above. Interestingly, genomic DNA from B. subtilis was analysed that it contains large amount of phosphorus by ICP-OES compared with E. coli, a gram negative bacterium. The main two differences between the gram positive bacteria and the gram negative bacteria are cell wall thickness and composition of peptidoglycan layer. In the gram positive bacteria cell wall, peptidoglycan layers are anchored by wall teichoic acids(WTAs) and lipo teichoic acids(LTAs) which are polymers containing an alditol phosphate in their repeating units. Both types of teichoic acids contain phosphate groups and anion charged polymers. For this reason, WTAs and LTAs were assumed as genomic DNA quantitation interfering molecules. ICP-OES has been regarded as the most accurate technique for quantitation of oligonucleotide, plasmid and human genomic DNA. In our study, dNMP quantitation by CE is more accurate and useful method for quantitation of gram positive bacterial genomic DNA than ICP-OES.
2 1 1 1

Safety Assessment of a Carotene Cesaturase(CRT1) Protein Used as Key Enzyme of Vitamin A Rice
Si Myung Lee*, Hyo Jin Kim, Jae Kwang Kim, Seok Cheol Suh Division of Biosafety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Korea Carotene desaturase (CRT1) enzymes have been isolated from bacteria Erwinia uredovora and catalyze in biosynthesis of Lycopene from phytoene and carotene. The safety assessment of the CRT1 protein is discussed. Bioinformatics comparison of the amino acid sequence did not identify similarities to known allergenic or toxic proteins. In vitro studies demonstrated rapid degradation in simulated gastric fluid and intestinal fluid (<15s). The enzymatic activity was completely inactivated at 100 for 10 min demonstrating heat lability. The protein expressed in cytosol is notglycosylated and genetically modified rices expressing the CRT1 protein produced similar protein/allergen profiles as its non-transgenic parental isoline. No adverse effects were observed in mice in a 90-day dietary toxicity study. The results demonstrate CRT1 protein safety when used in agricultural biotechnology

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PBC-58

PBC-60

Improvement of Drought Tolerance in Rice by Expression of CaMSRB2 through Chloroplast Protection

Joung Sug Kim , Na-ri Yee , Ju-Kon Kim , Yul-Ho Kim , Hyang-Mi Park , 4 4 1,2 2 Sang-Keun Oh , Doil Choi , Baek-hie Nahm , Yeon-Ki Kim * 1 Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, MyongJi University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea, 2Genomics Genetics Institute, , GreenGene BioTech Inc., Yongin, 3 Kyonggido 449-728, Korea, Upland Crop Research Division, National Institute 4 of Crop Science, Suwon 441-857, Korea, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Plant Genomics & Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea Among the environmental stresses, drought stress is one of the most adverse factors of plant growth and productivity. Drought stress led to the production of reactive oxyen species (ROS) in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and peroxidomes. And excessive enhanced ROS can cause oxidative damage to all biomolecules including the amino acids of protein, especially sulfer-containing residues. Methionine is highly sensitive to ROS-mediated oxidation, and Met oxidation to Methionine sulfoxide results in modification of activity and conformation for many proteins. Methionine sulfoxide reductases are ubiquitous enzymes, which catalyze the reduction of MetSO back to the correct Met residue. Previously, a Capsicum annuum methionine sulfoxide reductase B2 was isolated and CaMSRB2-overexpressing tomato shows enhanced growth, which may trigger increased resistance to the pathogens. To examine the role of CaMSRB2 in transgenic rice, CaMSRB2 was transformed into rice under the control of Rab21 as a grain/ABA inducible promoter with/without Bar marker gene. In the current study, we found another function of CaMSRB2, which confers tolerance against drought in rice. And CaMsrB2 protein was targeted to the chloroplast of rice. With microarry experiments, we identified transcripts whose level increased in CaMSRB1-overexpressing rice under drought stress, but not in wild type under drought stress. Intriguingly, many transcripts are involved in photosynthesis. Our results indicate CaMSRB2 might have an important functional role in chloroplast for conferring drought stress tolerance in rice.
1 1 1 3 3

High-throughput Chemical Screening for Magnaporthe oryzae in Probenazole Inducible Promoter-GFP Rice Transgenic Plant in Rice
Bong Gyu Mun 1, Jingni Wu 1, Yiming Wang 1, Sang Gon Kim 2, Sun Tae Kim 3, 1,2 Kyu Young Kang * 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea, 2Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea, 3 Department of Plant Bioscienc, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, Republic of Korea Despite the tremendous economic problem of cereal crop pathogens such as the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae), the development of strategies for enhanced crop protection is hampered by complex host genetics and difficulties in performing high-throughput analyses. To bypass these challenges, we have developed an assay in which the interaction between M. oryzae and small handy punched PBZ1pro or DUF26pro:: GFP rice transgenic (TG) leaves is monitored in liquid media with 7,825 chemicals obtained from Korean Chemical Bank in 96-well plates. In this assay, 5 chemicals in DUF26pro::GFP TG line, 121 chemicals in PBZ1pro:: GFP TG line, and 24 chemicals in both TG lines induced GFP signals. We further dropped those 150 pre-screened chemicals on detached TG leaves to clarify high-throughput chemical screening. From dropping assay, 54 chemicals in PBZ1pro::GFP detached TG leaves and 13 chemicals in both detached TG leaves induced GFP signals. We finally confirmed that 2 out of 67 chemicals reduced the severity of M. oryzae infection in PBZ1 pro::GFP whole plants. Our screening suggested that this assay system is useful for high-throughput studies of agriculturally important plant pathogen interactions.

PBC-59

PBC-61

Functional Characterization of Stress Responsive Genes in Rice

Kyeyoon Lee, Mi-Na Jeong, Hyun-Sik Hwang, Hyunmi Kim, Jung-Sook Lee, Beom-Gi Kim* Bio-crop Development Department, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon, Korea Rice is one of the most important cereal crops in many parts of the world. Abiotic stresses such as drought, high salinity and low temperature are one of the most adverse factors to diminish the productivity of rice. Several genes which were induced in abiotic stress conditions were reported to give the abiotic stress tolerance to plant when those are constitutively expressed in plant. In this study, we are trying to identify the function of abiotic stress responsive genes which were isolated by DNA chip analysis using tansgenic rice expressing the genes ectopically in rice. To date, thirty one genes of them were transformed into rice and T1 seeds were harvested. To identify the function of the overexpressing transgenic rice plants, we are assaying the abiotic stresses tolerance such as salt, drought and cold.

In Vivo Apoplastic Secretome of Rice Magnaporthe oryzae Interaction

Bong Gyu Mun , Jingni Wu , Yiming Wang , Sang Gon Kim , Sun Tae Kim , 1,2 Kyu Young Kang * 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea, 2Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, 3 Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea, Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, Republic of Korea The rice blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) is the most serious disease of cultivated rice, which has been adopted as a model to understand host-pathogen interactions. The first and real battle field between rice and M. oryzae has taken place in the apoplast, intercellular space located between fungal invasive hypha (IH) and encasing rice plasma membrane. To identify secreted proteins rice leaves inoculated with M. oryzae without rice leaves damage, we applied proteomics analysis with secreted proteins extracted from rice leaves which were inoculated with M. oryzae compatible (S, KJ301) or incompatible (R, KJ401) using apoplastic protein extraction buffer (50 mM sodium acetate, pH 4.3 containing 0.2 M CaCl2). Thirty eight protein spots on 2-DGE were differentially expressed and specifically induced secreted proteins in incompatible and compatible interactions were 9 and 4, respectively. Twenty secreted proteins of them were identified by MALDI-TOF/MS.
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Poster Session

PBC-62

PBC-64

A Rice Blast Fungus Alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase Protein MoABFb Is Related with Magnaporthe oryzae Infection in Rice
Jingni Wu , Yiming Wang , Sang Gon Kim , Kyu Young Kang * 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, South Korea, 2Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, South Korea Glycosyl hydrolase family protein is a widespread group enzymes that hydrolase the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates. During host infection process, M. oryzae secreted out a series of GH family proteins to degrade rice wall for successful infection. One of those GH family protein alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase B (MoABFb), which belongs to the GH43 subfamily, was previously detected related with fungal infection process. Sequence alignment of MoABFb homologs revealed a high conservation of amino acid sequence with GH43 family proteins from other species. Biochemical analysis by using recombinant MoABFb protein confirmed that MoABFb contains a high arabinofuranosidase activity. The expression of MoABFb was increased after cultured in minimal medium (MM) condition, or amended with xanthan gum (GUM), and xylan as carbon substrates instead of sucrose. RT-PCR and western blot results suggested that MoABFb was accumulated after 48 h after inoculation to the compatible rice strain and revealed a good match with fungal infected pattern, which suggested that MoABFb may related with fungal pathogenicity. Therefore, we analyzed the pathogenic ability of MoABFb both in vitro and in vivo in the transgenic rice harboring PBZ1 pro::GFP reporter, which is a hallmark of cell death. Exogenous treatment and in vivo expression of MoABFb indicated that the extracellular expression is important for the cell death activation. To understand the role of MoABFb in fungal pathogenicity, generation of fungal mutant is in the process.
1 2 2 1,2

Isolation and Characterization of a Gene Encoding Oxidation Reaction of trans-Anethole to para-Anisaldehyde by Pseudomonas putida JYR-1
Dongfei Han, Ji-Young Ryu, Hor-Gil Hur* School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology A plasmid pTA163 in Escherichia coli contains about 34-kb gene fragment of Pseudomonas putida JYR-1 including genes responsible for the metabolism of trans-anethole to protocatechuic acid. Three Tn5-disrupted ORF 10 mutants of the plasmid pTA163 lost its ability to catalyze trans-anethole. Heterologously expressed ORF 10 (1047 nt) under T7 promoter in E. coli catalyzed oxidative cleavage of a propenyl group of trans-anethole to an aldehyde group, resulting in the production of para-anisaldehyde, designated it as trans-anethole oxygenase (tao) gene. The deduced amino acid sequence of TAO had the highest identity (34%) to a hypothetical protein of Agrobacterium vitis S4 with no putative conserved domains, suggesting TAO is likely to be a novel oxygenase. Preferred incorporation of oxygen molecule from water into p-anisaldehyde using 18O-labeling experiments implied stereopreference of TAO for hydrolysis of the epoxide group. Interestingly, unlike a narrow substrate range of isoeugenol monooxygenase from Pseudomonas putida IE27 and Pseudomonas nitroreducens Jin1, TAO of P. putida JYR-1 can catalyze isoeugenol, O-methyl isoeugenol, and isosafrole, all of which contain the 2-propenyl functional group on the aromatic ring structure. Addition of NAD(P)H to the ultrafiltered cell extracts of E. coli (pTA163) expressing tao increased activity of TAO. This is the first report for cloning the gene involved in the biotransformation of trans-anethole to para-anisaldehyde, which is likely to be applied for production of various fragrance compounds from the phenylpropanoid compounds of plants, due to its relaxed substrate range.

PBC-63

PBC-65

In vivo Protein Secretion of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae during Host Infection Is Essential for Its Pathogenicity
Sang Gon Kim1, Yiming Wang1, Jingni Wu2, Sun Tae Kim3, Kyu Young Kang1,2* 1 Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, South Korea, 2Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, South Korea, 3 Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, Republic of Korea Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae(Xoo), the causal agent bacterial blight of rice, is one of the most important diseases of rice in most rice growing countries. Here, we reported a proteomics investigation of secreted proteins isolated from culture medium (in vitro) and rice leaves during the infection of Xoo compatible (K3) race (in vivo). Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DGE) coupled with MALDI-TOF-MS and/or liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (nLC-ESI-MS/MS) was employed for this secretome investigation. The 2-DGE analysis ofsecreted proteins revealed 153 differentially in vitro or in vivo accumulated protein spots. A total of 141 spots were identified encoding 111 unique proteins (6 rice proteins and 105 bacterial proteins). Those proteins were related with multiple biological and molecular functions, including membrane and receptor, transporter and signal transduction. Transcript levels of nine randomly selected proteins was confirmed by semiquantitative RT-PCR and revealed a good correlation between RNA and protein levels. This proteomic analysis provided new information to understand the protein expression and host infection of Xoo.

Characterization and Expression Analysis of the OsDOR1 Gene, Encodes a Novel Protein with Glycine Rich Domain
Sun Mi Huh , Gang Sub Lee , Moon-Young Eun , Dool-Yi Kim , In Sun Yoon * 1 Bio-crop development Division, Natural Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-857, Korea, 2Genomics Division, Natural Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon 441-857, Korea, 3School of Applied Bioscience, Kyung Pook National University, DAEGU 702-707,Korea The precocious germination on the mother plant(vivipary) is an important agronomic trait related to seed dormancy that results in significant economic loss. In the previous study, we have obtained 52 viviparous mutant lines by screening of Ac/Ds tagging rices. One of the tagging gene, OsDOR1 encodes a novel protein with glycine-rich domain. The OsDOR1mutant lines contain the Ds insertion in the coding region of the OsDOR1 gene. The loss of the OsDOR1expression in mutant lines was confirmed by RT-PCR using total RNA isolated from mature seeds. Interestingly, we found that expression of the OsDOR1 gene was highly specific to mature seeds. Cis-acting elements into the OsDOR1 promoter were analyzed by using PLACE (http://www.dna.affrc.go.jp/PLACE). The OsDOR1promoter contains seed-responsive (GLMHVCHORD), embryo specific (DPBFCOREDCDC3), and hormone (ABA, GA, Auxin, and Ethylene) responsive elements. We confirmed that the OsDOR1 promoter(2kb)-enhanced GUS activity was strong in the aleurone layer. Transient expression of OsDOR1-GFP fusion protein in onion epidermis and tobacco leaves indicated that OsDOR1 is a membrane localized protein. Potential function of OsDOR1 in rice seed dormancy control is under investigation. Supported by a postdoctoral Fellowship and by a grant from Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development (PJ006684), NAAS, RDA.
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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PBC-66

PBC-68

Impaired Function of the Tonoplast-localized Sucrose Transporter in Rice, OsSUT2, Limits the Transport of Vacuolar Reserve Sucrose and Affects Plant Growth
Joon-Seob Eom , Jung-Il Cho , Min-Young Song , Bancha Mahong , Thuy Thi Bich Vo1, Tae-Ryong Hahn 1, Gurdev S. Khush 2, Jong-Seong Jeon 1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology & Plant Metabolism Research Center, Kyung 2 Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, Department of Plant Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA Physiological functions of sucrose (Suc) transporters (SUTs) localized to the tonoplast in higherplants are poorly understood. We here report the isolation and characterization of a mutation in the rice (Oryza sativa) OsSUT2 gene. Expression of OsSUT2-green fluorescent protein in rice revealed that OsSUT2 localizes to the tonoplast. Analysis of the OsSUT2 promoter::beta-glucuronidase transgenic rice indicated that this gene is highly expressed in leaf mesophyll cells, emerging lateral roots, pedicels of fertilized spikelets, and cross cell layers of seed coats. Results of Suc + transport assays in yeast were consistent with a H -Suc symport mechanism, suggesting that OsSUT2 functions in Suc uptake from the vacuole. The ossut2 mutant exhibited a growth retardation phenotype with a significant reduction in tiller number, plant height, 1,000-grain weight, and root dry weight compared with the controls, the wild type, and complemented transgenic lines. Analysis of primary carbon metabolites revealed that ossut2 accumulated more Suc, glucose, and fructose in the leaves than the controls. Further sugar export analysis of detached leaves indicated that ossut2had a significantly decreased sugar export ability compared with the controls. These results suggest that OsSUT2 is involved in Suc transport across the tonoplast from the vacuole lumen to the cytosol in rice, playing an essential role in sugar export from the source leaves to sink organs.(SRAA)
1 1 1 1

Isolation of CYP74 Genes from Vitis ssp.

Doseung Lee 1,2, Jinkyu Woo1, Seonyoung Yoon 1, Seong-Cheol Kim 3, 4 1,2 1,2,5 1,2 Pyung Ok Lim , Kyung Hwan Boo , Key Zung Riu , Dong-Sun Lee * 1 College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 2Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 3Agricultural Research Center for Climate Change, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development 4 Administration, Jeju 690-150, Republic of Korea, Department of Science Education, Jeju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Republic of Korea, 5Gene & Material Bank for Citrus Breeding, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea Hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) is one of the major enzymes in the oxylipin pathway and belongs to cytochrome P450 family. This enzyme involved in producing -oxo fatty acids and C6 aldehydes, which are known to play a pivotal role in signaling and defense system in plant. This study was carried out to isolate HPL gene from Vitis ssp. HPL genes information in NCBI identified from Vitis vinifera were used to design primers and RT-PCR was performed using cDNA synthesized from total RNA of leaves in Vitis ssp. As the results, three kinds of putative HPL genes designated by names, VHPL1, VHPL2 and VHPL3 were identified and the lengths of these genes were 1,452, 1,452 and 1,464 bp, respectively. Those three genes were highly homologous with HPL genes in NCBI database, especially with HPL gene 2 isolated from Vitis vinifera. However, among those isolated genes, there were some different in amino acid sequences and homology was in the range from 74 to 94%. Those results indicated that Vitis ssp contain more than three kinds of HPL genes to regulate production of C6 aldehyde volatiles, and those isolated genes might be used usefully to perform a functional study in in vitro and in planta.

PBC-67

PBC-69

Formation of Tellurium Nanosturctures via Reduction of Tellurite by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1

Dong-Hun Kim, Hor-Gil Hur* School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology The metalloid oxyanion tellurite(TeO3 ) is highly toxic to most organisms and specific mechanisms explaining its toxicity are not well known to date. Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 can reduce tellurite [TeO32-] to elemental tellurium [Te(0)] under anaerobic conditions. This reduction results in the formation of unique crystalline Te nanoarchitectures as end products. The needle-like shaped granules of Te are localized periplasmic space of cells and composed entirely of Te. Fatty acids analysis confirmed that the toxic tellurite may have an impact on the lipid components of the cell membrane and lead to lose the structural integrity of the cellular membrane. The lower reduction rate of tellurite of c-type cytochrome deletion mutants suggested that Mtr respiratory pathway is important for reduction of tellurite in S. oneidensis MR-1. These results suggest that S. oneidensis MR-1 may play a greater role in trace element biogeochemistry than has been previously assumed. Additionally, the use of microorganisms may be an alternative approach to eco-friendly generation of Te nanomaterials than conventional methods.
2-

Isolation and Characterization of High-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunit (HMW-GS) and Low-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunit (LMW-GS) in Wheat
Jung-Hye Lee, Hye-jin Lee, Jong-Yeol Lee, Hyo-Jeong Kim, Sun-Hwa Ha, Sun-Hyung Lim, Young-Mi Kim* Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea Glutenins are one of main storage protein in the endosperm of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its related species. In wheat, Glutenin is composed of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) and low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (LMW-GS), which are responsiblefor the dough visco-elastic properties. The genes which encode LMW-GSs have not been well described and their functions are little known, whereas HMW-GSs have been systematically studied and they play the most important role in bread-making quality although they appears to be only about 10% of the total seed storage proteins. On the other hand, rice dough-making quality of storage proteins is very poor compared to wheat. One possible explanation could be that rice endosperm lacks the proteins responsible for viscoelastic and cohesive properties like as HMW-GSs. To improve dough making-quality of rice flour, we are trying to introduce HMW-GSs and LMW-GSs genes in rice.In this study, we isolated and characterized HMW-GS and LMW-GS genes from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The amino acid sequences of HMW-GS and LMW-GS were subjected to blast in the GenBank database of NCBI and genetic information ofHMW-GSs and forty-three LMW-GSs of eight groups were found. Full length genes of and LMW-GS were PCR-amplified using specific primers, fused with the riceglutelin promoter and introduced into rice (Oryza sativa L.) using the Agrobacterium-mediated co-cultivation method.rice plants were obtained andto contain-GS and LMW-GSvia PCR and Southern blot analysis. (SRAA)

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Poster Session

PBC-70

PBC-72

Alteration of Accumulation and Composition of Rice Seed Storage Proteins

Hye-jin Lee, Jung-Hye Lee, Jong-Yeol Lee, Hyo-Jeong Kim, Sun-Hwa Ha, Sun-Hyung Lim, Young-Mi Kim* Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important grain crops in the world for food resources. Rice grain consists of 90% starch and 6~8% proteins, which contains less protein contents than legume seeds. Its grain accumulates glutelins as a major seed storage protein accounting for 60-80% of the total storage proteins, and prolamins and globulins comprise about the rest 20% of the total endosperm protein in rice. In remarkable contrast, prolamins are the most abundant storage protein in other cereal seeds of wheat, corn and barely, and globulins represent a major storage protein in rye. To improve the functional usage or nutritional quality of rice seeds, we are trying to design seed storage proteins composition and accumulation. In this study, we generated transgenic rice plants in which different storage protein genes were suppressed by RNAi targeting and analyzed seed storage proteins. Single or multi-gene RNAi targeting vectors to glutein A and B subfamily genes, prolamin genes, and globulin genes were constructed and some transgenic seeds transformed with these RNAi vectors were obtained. Our results revealed that a target seed storage protein was reduced in RNAi transgenic seeds and reduction of one kind of storage protein were compensated by increasing other storage proteins. (SRAA)

Improved PCR performance of a Mutant Tcel B DNA Polymerase from the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Thermococcus celericrescens
Kee Pum Kim, Sung Suk Cho, InHye Kim, Hye Woo Ppyun, Suk-Tae Kwon* Department of Biotechnology & Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Cheoncheon-Dong, Jangan-Gu, Suwon 440-746, Korea We have characterized a family B DNA polymerase from the hyperthermophile euryarchaeon Thermococcus celericrescens (Tcel). However, Tcel DNA polymerase has poor thermostability and PCR efficiency compared to those of other family B DNA polymerases. To improve thermostability and PCR efficiency, mutant Tcel DNA polymerases were created by site-directed mutagenesis. Specifically, we targeted the A752 residue for enhanced thermostability and the N213 residue for improved PCR efficiency. The mutant Tcel DNA polymerases all showed enhanced PCR efficiency and thermostability compared to those of the wild-type Tcel DNA polymerase. Specifically, the double mutant TcelA752K/N213D DNA polymerase had an approximately three-fold increase in thermostability over that of the wild-type enzyme and amplified a long 10-kb PCR product in an extension time of 2 min. However, there was a small change in the 3 exonuclease activity compared with that of the wild-type Tcel DNA polymerase. The double mutant TcelA752K/N213D DNA polymerase had a 2.6-fold lower error rate than Taq DNA polymerase. It seems that the double mutant TcelA752K/N213D DNA polymerase can be apply to LA(long and accurate) PCR. [Thiswork was supported by the Marine and Extreme Genome Research Center Program of the Ministry of Land, Transportation and Maritime Affairs, Republic of Korea.]

PBC-71

PBC-73

Expression of Rotavirus VP7 Protein in Transgenic Alfalfa and Its Immunogenicity in Mice
Hak-Sun Lee , Kyung-Hee Roh , Hyun-Uk Kim , Kyung-Ryeol Lee , Yeon-Hee Lee 1, Eun-Young Lee 1, Won-Yong Kim 3, In-Sig Chung 4, Dong-Hwa Shon 5, Jeong-Sheop Shin 2, Jong-Bum Kim 1* 1 National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 2 School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 3Dept. of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 4Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, 5Research Division for Emerging Innovative Technology, Korea Food Research Institute Rotavirus is the cause of severe diarrheal disease in infants and young children worldwide. WHO has estimated that every year the number of deaths from rotavirus is over half a million in children under 5 years old. In Korea, there was a mass outbreak of rotavirus disease in postpartum care center located at Koyang City in 2001 and 2002, and several infant had died. So it is required to develop a rotavirus vaccine. The plant system is the ideal strategies for the production and oral delivery of vaccines. The VP7 gene(0.98kb) encoding surface antigen of human rotavirus was employed to develop edible vaccine using transgenic plant. Gateway vector pB7WG2D harboring bar gene as a selectable marker was used for the construction of plant transformation vector. Alfalfa was transformed by agrobacterium-mediated method, A hundred of transgenic plants were obtained and confirmed by genomic PCR. Of which six transgenic lines expressing VP7 protein in high level were selected by ELISA, which were reconfirmed by Southern blot analysis. The transcripts of the transgene were detected by RT-PCR, and VP7 protein in transgenic plants was also identified by Western blot analysis. To test immunogenicity, alfalfa extracts were orally administered to mice once daily for 3 weeks, and mice fed with the transgenic alfalfa line elicited IgG and IgA antibody responses. In future, we will assess the neutralizing activity of the antibodies raised from the mice immunized with the transgenic plants.
1,2 1 1 1

Characterization of DNA Ligase from the Hyperthermophilic Crenarchaeon Ignicoccus hospitalis KIN4/I
Jun-Hwan Kim, Kang-Keun Lee, Man-Hui Youn, Gang-Jin Seo, Sung-Suk Cho, Suk-Tae Kwon* Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Cheoncheon-Dong, Jangan-Gu, Suwon 440-746, Korea We have cloned a DNA ligase from the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon Ignicoccus hospitalis KIN4/I (Iho). Iho DNA ligase gene was expressed under the control of the T7lac promoter on the pTYB1His in Escherichia coli BL21-CodonPlus(DE3)-RIL. The expressed Iho DNA ligase was then TM purified IMPACT -CN (intein-mediated purification with an affinity chitin-binding tag) system and HisTrapTM-HP column. The optimal temperature of Iho DNA ligase was 75, and optimal pH was 8.5 in Tris-HCl buffer. The activity was highly dependent on MgCl2, with maximuml activity at above 4 mM. Especially, the Iho DNA ligase could use ADP and GTP addition to ATP as a cofactor. This result might be another important evidence of an undifferentiated ancestral stage in the evolution of ligase with broad nucleotide cofactor specificity. [This work was supported by the Marine and Extreme Genome Research Center Program of the Ministry of Land, Transportation and Maritime Affairs, Republic of Korea.]

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PBC-74

PBC-76

Development of Marker Targeted to P34 null Gene and Identification of Soybean Protein P34 from Antibody
Kiwoung Yang *, Jong-Min Ko , Sun Tae Kim , Yeong-Hoon Lee , Myeong 1 3 1 1 Gi Jeon , Min Chul Kim , Hyun Tae Kim , In Youl Baek 1 Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, 1085 Neidong, Miryang, 627-803, Korea, 2Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan 3 National University, Miryang, 627-706, Korea, Department of Agronomy, Research institute of life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea Soybean proteins are widely used for human and animal feeds worldwide. Soybean seed possesses about 15 proteins recognized by IgEs from soy-sensitive human. As the allergenic impact of soybean proteins limit its extensive usage in a broad range of processed foods. Soybean protein P34 or Gly m Bd 30 K of the cysteine protease family is one of the major allergen of the soybean seed. The P34 null soybean, PI567476, was identified among soybean (Glycine max) from USDA soybean germplasm screened. Also, P34 gene and P34 null gene comparative search of sequences polymorphism. So, the target of P34 null gene developed molecular marker. Recently, relative amount of P34 protein was observed by Western blot analysis. The objective of this research is to conform P34 nullgene and P34 null protein. PI567476 X Taekwang population used genotype confirmation and P34 protein. These result provide valuable information to breed for new soybean with low allergy and identification of molecular marekr linked to P34 locus.
1 1 2 1

Tomato Inositol 5 Phosphatase, Le5PT1, Is Involved in Seedling Development and Stress Response
Jong-Kuk Na, Dool-Yi Kim* Department of Agricultural Bio-Resorce, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Seodun-dong, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, Rep of KOREA 441-701 The objective of this study was to increase the resistance of crops (tobacco and tomato) to water deficit stress. To achieve this goal transgenic plants were generated using a putativetomato type I inositol 5 polyphosphatase (5PTase) that terminates inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate (IP3) signaling. IP3, as one of phosphoinositides, is known to transduce a stress signal by changing its level in response to water deficit, osmotic stress, andlow temperature in plants. Recently it was shown that type I 5PTases, At5PTase1 and At5PTase2, regulate IP3 level in plant like in animals and that up-regulation of these genes decreases IP3 levels which leads to a reduction in the expression of ABA-/drought-responsive genes in Arabidopsis. On the basis of sequence similarity to Arabidopsis 5PTases, four tomato cDNAs (Le5PT1-4) that encode putative tomato type I 5PTase proteins were identified. Predicted protein sequences of identified Le5PTs had conservedcatalytic domains that are required for 5PTase enzyme activity. Two clones, Le5PT1 and Le5PT2 were similar to At5PTase2 and At5PTase1, respectively. The expression of Le5PT1 was down-regulated in early time point under dehydration, NaCl, and exogenous ABA treatment, indicating that Le5PT1 may play a negative role in stress signaling. Transgenic tobacco plants with 35S:Le5PT1did exhibit weak expression of the drought inducible gene, NtERD10B, but did not show correlation with resistance to water deficit stress.

PBC-75

PBC-77

Isolation and Characterization of Delta-6 Desaturase1 from Muraenesox cinereus

Jong-Bum Kim 1*, Kyung-Hee Roh 1, Soon-Hee Kim 1, Hyun-Uk Kim 1, 1 1 1 1 Kyung-Ryeol Lee , Eun-Yong Lee , Hag-Sun Lee , Jong-Sug Park , Jung-Bong Kim 1, Kwang-Soo Kim 2 1 NationalAcademy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 2 National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, 3School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University Delta-6 desaturase(D6DES) is key enzyme in the synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs) in microorganisms, plants and animals including gamma-linolenic acid(GLA), EPA(eicosapentaenoic acid), DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) etc.. McD6DES cDNA has been isolated from Muraenesox cinereus through RACE-PCR, clonedinto pGEM. Nucloetide sequences were determined and analyzed homology compared with other D6DES. To identify the activity of the McD6DES1 gene product, the gene was cloned into yeast expression vector pYES2 and transformed into Saccharomyces cerevisae. S. cerevisaes were cultured by feeding linoleic acid(LA) or -linolenic acid in each media. After that, the fatty acid composition of the cell membrane was analyzed by GC. The results showed that linoleic acid 9,12 9,12,15 ) were conversed (LA, C18: ) and -linolenic acid(ALA, C18: 6,9,12 ). and stearidonic acid(STA, into gamma-linolenic acid(GLA, C18: 6,9,12,15 ), respectively. The conversion rate was 16% for LA(-6 fatty acid), C18: 46% for -linolenic acid(-3 fatty acid). The McD6DES1 preferentially catalysis double bond formation at delta-6 carbon of -3 fatty acid rather than that of -6 fatty acid. In future, McD6DES will be applied to metabolic engineering for development of transgenic oil plants producing GLA, EPA and DHA.

Effects of Sound Wave on the Growth and the Gene Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana and Fungal Pathogen, Botrytis cinerea
Bo Sung Choi Plant molecular metabolic engineering lab, School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea Treatment of sound wave shows an obvious effects on the growth and development of plants. Researchers found that the induction of indole acetic acid (IAA) and the reduction of abscisic acid (ABA) correlated with sound wave treatment. However, the mechanism of how sound wave changes the growth and development has not been fully explained. The effects of music on plants have been controversial because the precise experimental conditions were not specified. In addition, music isa mixture of different frequencies and amplitudes, which makes more difficult to interpret the effects of sound waves. Despite the importance of sound wave in plant growth and development, little is known regarding the molecular physiological mechanisms underlying such a response. In this study, we will investigate the changes in growth and gene expression in Arabidopsis and B. cinerea using frequency-specific sound waves in the controlled environment.
*

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Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBC-78

PBC-80

Functional Expression of a Recombinant Chimeric Protein of Human Hepatitis A Virus VP1 and an Fc Antibody Fragment in Transgenic Tomato Plants
Hyun-Ho Lee , Ha-Young Chung , Jong-Hwa Park , Jong-Bum Kim , Dong-Hwa Shon 3, Wonyong Kim 4, In Sik Chung 1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 449-701, Korea, 2 Metabolic Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, RDA, 225 Seodun-dong, Suwon, 441-707, Korea, 3Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam-si, Kyunggi-do 463-746, Korea, 4Department of Microbiology & Research Institute for Translational System Biomics, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 156-756, Korea Transgenic tomato plants expressing the gene of a chimeric protein (HAV VP1-Fc) consisting of human hepatitis A virus (HAV) VP1 and an fc antibody fragment of antibody have been obtained. Recombinant VP1-Fc was expressed in transgenic tomato plants with a molecular mass of approximately 68 kDa. Recombinant VP1-Fc, purified using Protein A Sepharose affinity chromatography, elicited production of specific IgG antibodies in the serum after intraperitoneal immunization. Antibodies produced by mice against transgenic plant-derived recombinant VP1-Fc most likely recognize epitopes in the HAV viral antigen. Following vaccination with recombinant VP1-Fc protein, expression of IFN-and IL-4 were increased in splenocytes at the time of sacrifice. Recombinant VP1-Fc from transgenic tomato plants can be used as an effective experimental immunogen for research into vaccine development. This work was supported by a grant from the BioGreen 21 Program (No. PJ0067462011), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. (SRAA)
1 1 1 2

The Function of Isopentenyl Diphosphate Synthase (IDS) Isogenes in Methylerythritol Phosphate (MEP) Pathway of Burkholderia glumae
Moonhyuk Kwon, Young jin Son, Ingyu Hwang, Soo-Un Kim* School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea Burkholderia glumae is the pathogen of rice and cause the rice grain rot. The bacterium has two ids isogenes that have a function of IPP and DMAPP formation. But each isogene has different functions; in the case of ids1, this gene is related with the heat shock mechanisms, while ids2 is regulated by quorum sensing activator ToxR. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms through which id sisogenes regulate the cellular process, is not clear. To probe the function of the isogenes, promoter exchange strategy was adopted. To this end, it was necessary to complement each ids isogene knock out mutants. ids1 ORF, ids2 ORF, ids1 promotor & ORF, ids2 promotor & ORF, ids1 promotor & ids2 ORF, and finally ids2 promotor & ids1 ORF were cloned into the broad host vector pRK415. Each vector was transformed to wild-type, ids1 KO mutant and, ids2 KO mutant. The phenotype exchange and rescue of the growth were observed. For more comprehensive phenotying, a transcriptome analysis (mRNA-seq) was performed. The results will be presented in light of functions of each ids isogene.(SRAA)

PBC-79

PBC-81

Effects of Recombinant Canstatin on Anti-tumor Activitiesin Microresidual Tumor Model after Surgical Resection
Ki Hyun Yoo, Jeon Hwang-Bo, Jong-Hwa Park, In Sik Chung* Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Canstatin, a 24 kDa peptide derived from the C-terminal globular noncollageneous (NC1) domain of the 2 chain of Type IV collagen, has been reported to be a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis with a distinct anti-tumor activity. Recombinant canstatin from stably transformed Drosophila S2 cells inhibited proliferation, tube formation, and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and lymphatic endothelial cells. In our microresidual tumor model, the inhibitory effect of recombinant canstatin on residual tumor growth was investigated using a heterotopic CT-26 colon carcinoma animal (BALB/c mice) model after surgery. We also investigated that recombinant canstatin reduced the serum levels of several proangiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin after surgical tumor resection. Recombinant canstatin reduced the final volume and weight of microresidual tumors, and blood and lymphatic vessel densities of microresidual tumors, which were evaluated by CD-31 and LYVE-1 immunostaining. These results indicate that recombinant canstatin has anti-tumoral effects against residual colon carcinoma. This study was supported by a grant from the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (20110003112).(SRAA)

Anti-cancer Effects of 3-O-acetyloleanolic Acid (3A-OA) and the Extract Containing 3A-OA from Seeds of Vigna Sinensis In Vitro and In Vivo
Ki Hyun Yoo 1, En Ji Cui1, Jong-Hwa Park 1, Jiyoung Kim 1, Seong Gil Hong 2, 1 1 Nam In Baek , In Sik Chung * 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2 1Erom Life Co. Ltd., Seoul 135-825, Korea We describe the anti-cancer effects of 3-O-acetyloleanolic acid (3A-OA) and the extract containing 3A-OA from seeds of Vigna sinensis in vitro and in vivo. The cytotoxic effect of 3A-OA from seeds of Vigna sinensisK., was investigated in human colon carcinoma HCT-116 cells. 3A-OA dose-dependently inhibited the viability of HCT-116 cells. Apoptosis was further characterized by detection of cell surface Annexin-V and sub-G1 apoptotic cell populations. The number of immunostained cells with anti-Annexin-V-FITC was increased after treatment with 3A-OA. The sub-G1 cell population was also increased. Expression of TRAILmediated apoptosis signaling-related death receptor DR5 and DR4 were increased in 3A-OA-treated HCT-116 cells. Activation of caspase-8 and caspase-3, critical mediators of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis signaling, was also increased by 3A-OA. In addition, the extract containing 3A-OA suppressed the volume and weight of tumor in BALB/c mice subcutaneously implanted by CT-26 cells. These results indicate that 3A-OA leads to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis signaling extrinsic pathway though death receptors in HCT-116 cells and the extract containing 3A-OA has anti-tumoral activities against CT-26 colon carcinoma cells. This work was carried out with the support of "Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development (Project No.PJ006885022011)" Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.(SRAA)

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PBC-82

PBC-84

Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects of Calenduloside E 6-methyl Ester from Acanthopanax Sessiliflorus Fruits in Mouse Colon Carcinoma Cells
Bora Lee, Ki Hyun Yoo, Dae Young Lee, Jong-Hwa Park, Nam In Baek, In Sik Chung* Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea The cytotoxic effect of Calenduloside E 6-methyl ester, a calenduloside E 6-methyl ester derivative isolated from Acanthopanax sessiliflorus fruits, was investigated in mouse colon carcinoma CT-26 cells. Calenduloside E 6-methyl ester dose-dependently inhibited the viability of CT-26 cells. Apoptosis was further characterized by detection of cell surface Annexin-V and sub-G1 apoptotic cell populations. The number of immunostained cells with anti-Annexin-V-FITC was increased after treatment with calenduloside E 6-methyl ester. The sub-G1 cell population was also increased. Activation of caspase family, critical mediators of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis signaling, was also increased by calenduloside E 6-methyl ester. Taken together, our results indicate that calenduloside E 6-methyl ester induces apoptosis in CT-26 cells mediated by an extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis signaling cascade.(SRAA)

Effect of Pomolic Acid on the Proliferation of Doxorubicin-resistant Gastric Carcinoma SNU-620-Dox Cells
Yuan-Yuan Fu, En-Ji Cui, Ki Hyun Yoo, Na-Young Song, Jong-Hwa Park, Nam-In Baek, In Sik Chung* Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Pomolic acid (PA), a pentacyclic triterpene inducing mitochondriadependent apoptotic cell death in leukemia and cancer cells, is suggested to overcome multidrug resistance mediated by over-expression of anti-apoptotic proteins. However, the probability of PA as an agent to overcome doxorubicin resistance was not fully investigated. Here, we examined the effect of PA, isolated from flowers of Osmathus fragrans var. aurantiacus Makino, on the proliferation of doxorubicin-resistant gastric carcinoma SNU-620-Dox cells. Doxorubicin less inhibited the viability of SNU-620-Dox, compared to that of doxorubicin-treated SNU-620 (a gastric carcinoma cell that does not show doxorubicin resistance). Also, the cleavage of caspase 3, 8, and 9 by doxorubicin was not observed in SNU-620-Dox. In SNU-620, doxorubicin decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Mcl-1). However, the decrease of anti-apoptotic proteins by doxorubicin was not observed in SNU-620-Dox. This indicates that doxorubicin resistance of SNU-620-Dox is mediated by over-expression of anti-apoptotic proteins. When PAwas treated with doxorubicin, the cell density of SNU-620-Dox was dramatically decreased, compared to only PA or doxorubicin-treated cells. The cleavage of caspase 3, 8, and 9 was also increased. These results suggest that PA can be used as an agent to overcome doxorubicin resistance of gastric carcinoma SNU-620-Dox cells. We currently investigate the expression and modulation of anti-apoptotic proteins in doxorubicinand/or PA-treated SNU-620-Dox.(SRAA)

PBC-83

PBC-85

Cyclin O, a Putative Cyclin Family Protein Containing Cyclin-like Domain, Stimulates an Activity of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 2
Do Hyung Kim, Ha Young Chung, Jong-Hwa Park, In Sik Chung* Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) belong to a family of Ser/Thr protein kinase is a representative cell cycle regulatory protein, which catalytic activity is tightly regulated by an interaction with cyclin. We identified and investigated a novel interaction between Cdk2 and cyclin O, a putative cyclin family protein containing cyclin-like domain that is conserved in cyclin family proteins. Co-immunoprecipitation using transiently transfected HEK293 cells showed that cyclin O interacted with Cdk2, especially with the active form of endogenous Cdk2. Cyclin O was expressed as several different bands between 45 and 50 kDa, due to post-translational modification. Interestingly, the co-expression of cyclin O and Cdk2 enhanced the intensity of upper band. The treatment of calf intestinal phosphatase (CIP) reduced the intensity of the uppermost band of cyclin O. Mass spectroscopic analysis showed that the 81st serine residue of cyclin O was phosphorylated by co-expression of Cdk2. The in vitro catalytic activity of Cdk2 phosphorylating histone H1 (HH1) was dramatically increased in cells over-expressing cyclin O. The Cdk2 kinase activity of cells over-expressing cyclin O S81A (mutant replaced 81st Ser to Ala) was less than that of cells over-expressing native cyclin O. Additional modifications of cyclin O were found in 16-51 amino acid residues. We currently investigate the effect of these modifications on the kinase activity of Cdk2.(SRAA)

Recombinant Canstatin Inhibits Angiopoietin-1-induced Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis

Jeon Hwang-Bo, Ki Hyun Yoo, Jong-Hwa Park, In Sik Chung* Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea We describe the effect of recombinant canstatin on suppression of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Recombinant canstatin produced from stably transformed Drosophila S2 cells reduced expression of angiopoietin-1 in hypoxia mimetic agent, CoCl2-treated CT-26 cells. Recombinant canstatin inhibited proliferation, tube formation, and migration of human angiopoietin-1 (rhAngpt-1)-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC). Recombinant canstatin suppressed expression of Tie-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor-3 (VEGFR-3) transcripts in rhAngpt-1-treated HUVEC and LEC, respectively. The inhibitory effect of recombinant canstatin on tumor growth was also investigated using a heterotopic CT-26 colon carcinoma animal (BALB/c mice) model. Recombinant canstatin reduced the final volume and weight of tumors, and blood and lymphatic vessel densities of tumors, which were evaluated after CD-31 and LYVE-1 immunostaining. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that recombinant canstatin dramatically reduced expression of angiopoietin-1 in CT-26 colon carcinoma-induced tumor, but not expression of VEGF-C. Tie-2 and VEGFR-3 expressions were also reduced in recombinant canstatintreated tumors. These results indicate that recombinant canstatin has anti-tumoral activities against CT-26 colon carcinoma cells. Recombinant canstatin probably inhibits angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis via suppression of the integrin-dependent FAK signaling induced by angiopoietin1/Tie-2 and/or VEGFR-3. This study was supported by grants from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (20110003112).(SRAA)

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Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBC-86

PBC-88

Cloning and Characterization of a Cold-adapted Esterase with Specificity for p-Ntorphenyl Butyrate from Shewanella sp. Ke75
Young-Ok Kim*, Bo-Hye Nam, Hee Jeong Kong, Woo-Jin Kim, Dong-Gyun Kim, Bong-Seok Kim, Sang-Jun Lee Biotechnology Research Division, Fisheries and Research and Development Institute, Busan 619-705 A bacterial strain that produced a cold-adapted esterase was isolated from tidal flat and identified as Shewanella sp. Ke75. In the present study, the corresponding gene was cloned usingshotgun method. The amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence (957 bp) corresponded to a protein of 318 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 37,186. The lipase had 68 and 57% identities with the putative lipases of Shewanella amazonensis SB2B and Colwellia psychrerythraea 34H, respectively. The esterase contained a putative leader sequence, as well as the conserved catalytic triad (Ser, His, Asp), consensus pentapeptide GXSXG, and oxyanion hole sequence (HG). The protein Ke75 was produced in both a soluble and insoluble form when the Escherichia colicells harboring the gene were cultured at 30. The optimum pH and temperature for the enzyme activity was pH 9.0 and 30, respectively. 50% of the activity observed at 30 was still remaining at 5. Enzyme activity was enhanced in the presence of Mn2+ ions, but inhibited by Cd2+, Cu2+, Hg2+ and Zn2+ions. The substrate specificity of the enzyme showed specific for C4 (butyrate) with no activity on other p-nitrophenyl esters tested. Partial characterization indicated that the esterase from Shewanella sp. Ke75 is a new cold-adapted enzyme.

Characterization of -Defensins Isolated from the Teleost Fish, Paralichthys olivaceus

Bo-Hye Nam*, Young-Ok Kim, Hee Jeong Kong, Woo-Jin Kim, Dong Gyun Kim, Bong-Seok Kim, Sang-Jun Lee Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan 619-705 Defensins are small, cationic, amphipathic, cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides found in plants, insects, and vertebrates, including fish. Most antimicrobial peptides, including defensins, are encoded by multigene families. The -defensins in several fish species were revealed to exist as multiple forms on the same or different chromosomes. In this study, three types of -defensins were identified in the olive flounder, Parlichthys olivaceus. The type I -defensins (fBDI) were resulted to 5 isoforms (fBDI-1 to -5), which show identical amino acid sequence in 24 residues of signal peptide and 38 residues of mature peptide. However, the propiece region varies in sequence and length, from 5 to 15 amino acid residues. The type II and type III -defensins (fBDII and fBDIII, respectively) showed approximately 55% and 56% identical to fBDI at amino acid levels, respectively. We produece a recombinant fBDI peptide (smfBD) using the expression plasmid pET32 and examined its antimicrobial activities against several fish pathogens.

PBC-87

PBC-89

Genetic Markers of the Immune Response of Fleshy Prawn, Fenneropenaeus chinensis, to White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV)
Hee Jeong Kong*, Young-Ok Kim, Bo-Hye Nam, Sang-Jun Lee, Hyon Sob Han, Woo-Jin Kim Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries and Research and Development Institute, Busan 619-705 White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a major risk factor in farmed fleshy prawn (Fenneropenaeus chinensis), the unique shrimp species that growing only in the West sea and Yellow sea, since its infection has caused mass mortality and huge economic losses. To identify genes involved in host defense to viral infection in shrimp, expressed sequence tag (EST) and cDNA microarray analyses have been conducted to healthy- and WSSV-infected fleshy prawn hemocytes. We have identified various stress-response genes and immune related genes, which are activated or repressed in fleshy prawn hemocytes during the course of WSSV infection. Gene expressions were measured by RT-PCR at three time-points: 1d, 4d, and 7d post-infection. The present work provides a wide array of genes regulated in WSSV-infected fleshy prawn, and an insight for further studies aimed at host defense mechanism in shrimp.

The R2-R3-type MYB Transcription Factor, AtMYB-S, Is a Negative Regulator of SOS1 Induction in Response to Salt Stress in Arabidopsis
Hojoung Lee*, Jun Hyeok Kim Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 5-ka Anam-dong, Sungbuk-ku, Seoul Environmental insults including high salt, drought and low or high temperatures are often associated with a significant loss of agricultural productivity. To cope with the abiotic stresses, plants have evolved a diverse array of signaling pathways to modulate its development in response to various environmental challenges. Here, we reportthe characterization of a member of the R2R3-MYB transcription factor family, Myb-S. The MYB Sexpressionwas up-regulated only by salt stress not by other stresses. Its maximum expression was observed at 6 h with 300 mM NaCl treatment and decreased gradually. Under salt stress myb - S ko mutant plants exhibited much longer lateral roots, higher fresh weight, and more reduced rate of seed germination than Col-0 in standard growth condition. Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) demonstrated that SOS1 transcript accumulation was increased in myb-S ko than Col-0 in standard growth condition. Our results indicate that Myb-S plays anegative regulator of SOS1 induction in response to salt stress. (SRAA)

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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PBC-90

PBC-92

Purifiaction and Characterization of Polyphenol Oxidase from Panax Ginseng

Jae-Joon Kim , Seul Ki Kim , Jong-kee Kim , Woo-Yeon Kim * 1 Dept, of Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, 2Dept, of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 456-756, Korea Polyphenol oxidase from plant, which is a copper containing enzyme and is make o-quinone by oxidizing o-diphenol and monophenol. Polyphenol oxidase was purified from Ginseng by acetone precipitation, CMSepharose and Phenyl-Sepharose column chromatography. Two types of polyphenol oxidase were obtained from acetone precipitation and ionexchange chromatography. Type polyphenol oxidase did not bind to CM-Sephrose. Type polyphenol oxidase eluted with 0.5 M NaCl was further purified by chromatography on Phenyl-Sepharose. The molecular weight of the purified polyphenol oxidase from ginseng determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel eletrophoresis was about 35,000. Optimal temperature and pH of the purified polyphenol oxidase was 20 and pH 7.0, respectively.
1 1 2 1

The Arabidopsis AtMYB-SL Regulates Lateral Root Growth in Response to Salt Stress with ABA Dependent Manner
Hojoung Lee*, Woo Young Hyu Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 5-ka Anam-dong, Sungbuk-ku, Seoul High saline soil imposes detrimental effects on crop yield worldwide in the 21st century. Thus, plants adopted smart strategies to deal with high salt stress, which is to activate a signaling cascade to allow for the plant to cope with challenging environment. In current study, we identified an Arabidopsis R2R3 Myb gene, Myb-SL, which is induced by high salt and ABA. The myb-SL ko mutant exhibited a reduced lateral root growth in response to salt or ABA. Moreover, we observed that germination rate was also decreased in myb-SL ko mutant when compared to Col-0. Our results suggest that Myb-SL plays a crucial role in adaptation in response to high salt stress by modulating lateral root growth.(SRAA)

PBC-91

PBC-93

Kinetics Study of (E)-4-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl Diphosphate Reductase from Gingko biloba

Bok Kyu Shin, Jaehong Han* Metalloenzyme Research Group and School of Biological Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 456-756, Korea (E)-4-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase (IDS, IspH or LytB) is a terminal enzyme of non-mevalonate pathway, and which contains an Fe/S cluster in the active site. IDS catalyzes the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) from (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate (HMBPP). Ginkgo biloba IDS1 (GbIDS1) (54.7 kDa) has an extra loop at the N-terminal, compared with IDS (36.2 kDa) from Escherichia coli. Recombinant GbIDS1 with poly-His tag was expressed from the recombinant E. coli BL21 (DE3) containing pQE-31 vector, and purified by Ni-NTA affinity column chromatography. To reconstitute the Fe/S cluster in GbIDS1, purified enzyme was reacted with ferric chloride, sodium sulfide and dithiothreitol in Tris-HCl buffer (100 mM and pH 8.0) under anaerobic condition. Reconstituion of the Fe/S cluster and confirmed by UV-Vis and ICP spectroscopy. Enzyme activity was assayed with the methyl viologen (MV)/Na2S2O4 reducing system, by monitoring the MV oxidation in the presence of substrate (HMBPP). Substrate-dependent activity of GbIDS1 showed a typical Michealis-Menten type kinetics. The kinetic parameters of KM and kcat for the reconstituted GbIDS1 (Fe/protein = 4.40) were 39.5 -1 7.3 M and 154.5 min , respectively. Specific activity of the reconstituted GbIDS1 was obtained 3.21 mol min-1mg-1.(SRAA)

Identification and Functional Characterization of the GALACTINOL SYNTHASE (MoGolS1) Gene in Melissa officinalis Plants
Hojoung Lee*, Xiaonan Jin Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 5-ka Anam-dong, Sungbuk-ku, Seoul Galactinol and rafinose accumulation in plants is associated with stressful environmental conditions such as cold, heat, or dehydration by the action of galactinols synthase (GolS) in the RFO biosynthetic pathway from UDP-galactose. Moreover, several reports mentioned that GolS transcription is up regulated by various environmental stresses like cold, heat, dehydration. Therefore, to determine whether MoGolS1 was induced with the abiotic stress we analyzed the expression pattern of the gene under various abiotic stresses like heat, cold, ABA, sucrose and salt concentration in the lemon balm plants grown in standard MS medium. The MoGolS1 gene was 981-bp in length encoding 326 amino acids in its sequence and shared 77% and 76% sequence similarity with AtGolS4 and AtGolS1 genes respectively. The MoGolS1 gene was strongly expressed by the abiotic stress induced by sucrose, ABA or heat shock. It was also expressed in responses to cold, manitol and NaCl. MoGolS1gene induction with various stresses may be possible for itscrucial function in abiotic stress tolerance in plants, providing a good engineering target for genetic engineering. (SRAA)

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Plenary Lecture

Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBC-94

PBC-96

EPR Analysis of Different Plant Tissues after Gamma Irradiation

Min Hee Lee , Yu Ran Moon , Hyoung-Woo Bai , In-Chul Lee , Tae Hoon Kim , 1 Byung Yeoup Chung * 1 Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea, 2Senior Industry Cluster Agency, Youngdong University, Chungbuk 370-701, Republic of Korea, 3Department of Herbal Medical Pharmacology, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 721-75, Republic of Korea Recently, radiation technique is wildly used in various industrial areas suchas food irradiation, plant mutation breeding, environmental science, material science and so on. These applications are mainly based on the characteristics of radiation which can be produced various reactive oxygen species (ROS) in water or organic solvents. In life science, especially in plant system, there is no report so far that how much ROS can be able to produce in different organs. The Arabidopsis is exposed to 1 to 10 kGy of gamma ray. The level of total ROS signal at 1 kGy in stem is the highest as a 3.54 of relative unit (r.u.), compared with 2.67 and 1.01 in root and leaf respectively. However, ROS signals were drastically decreased at both 5 and 10 kGy and the level of ROS signal in stem (1.31 r.u.) was similar to leaf (1.27 r.u.) at 5 kGy, together with 0.93 r.u. in root. ROS signals were dose-dependently increased as a typical pattern in leaf ranged from 1.01 r.u. at 1 kGy to 1.46 r.u. at 10 kGy. However, ROS signals were significantly dose-dependently decreased from 2.67 r.u. at 1 kGy to 0.35 at 10 kGy in root and from 3.54 r.u. at 1 kGy to 0.88 r.u. at 10 kGy in stem as unexpected patterns. Although this controversial or opposite tendency of EPR signal intensity in different plant organs such as leaf, stem, and root, we deduced that some of ROS produced by gamma irradiation might be occurred radical-radical condensation reaction in both stem and root. In conclusions, the orders of EPR signal intensities are as follows; 1) stem> root>leaf at 1 kGy, 2) leafstem >root at 5 kGy, 3) leaf>stem>root at 10 kGy. In addition, ROS signals were dose-dependently increased in leaf, whereas these were drastically dose-dependently decreased in both root and stem of Arabidopsis.(SRAA)
1 1 1 2 3

Functional and Structural Changes of Yeast Peroxiredoxin 2 Using Site-directed Mutagenesis

Sung Hyun Hong, Seung Sik Lee, Eun Mi Lee, Hyoung-Woo Bai, Byung Yeoup Chung* Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea Yeast peroxiredoxin 2 (yPrx2) which is one of antioxidant enzymes may plays a protective role against the damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). yPrx2 is a thiol-dependense peroxidase belong to the 2-Cys Prxs family. The yPrx2 has enzymatic dual functions acting as a peroxidase and a molecular chaperone, and the activities would be dependent on its molecular structures. In this study, to address the effects of additional Cys residues on the dual functions of yPrx2, the substitution mutants, S79C-yPrx2 and S109C-yPrx2, were generated by site-directed mutagenesis. As a result, S109C-yPrx2 had an about 3.7 folds stronger chaperone activity than WT-yPrx2 and S79C-yPrx2 had an about 2.7 folds stronger peroxidase activity than WT-yPrx2. This activity switching was closely related to the structural changes. S109C- yPrx2 showed high molecular weight (HMW) complexes and low molecular weight (LMW) species, but S79C-yPrx2 had LMW structures only. HMW structures predominantly exhibited a chaperone function, and LMW structures had a peroxidase function. These structural changes lead to the changes of secondary structure and hydrophobicity of yPrx2 proteins. The increase of hydrophobicity and b-sheet structure were closely associated with increasing chaperone activity in S109C-yPrx2. In addition, the Cys mutant, S79C-yPrx2 and S109C-yPrx2, showed more resistance to heat stress compared with WT-yPrx and especially, the highest thermoresistance was shown by the S109C-yPrx2.(SRAA)

PBC-95

PBC-97

Increment of Chaperone Activity of 2-Cysteine Peroxiredoxin by Electron Beam

Sung Hyun Hong, Byung Chull An, Seung Sik Lee, Eun Mi Lee, Byung Yeoup Chung* Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea A typical 2-cysteine peroxiredoxin PaPrx, exists in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, has dual functions acting as thioredoxin (Trx)-dependent peroxidase and molecular chaperone. In addition, the functional of PaPrx is regulated by its structural status. In present study, we examined the effect of electron beam on structural modification related to chaperone activity. When irradiated electron beam at 1 kGy, the structural and functional changes of PaPrx were initiated. The enhanced chaperone activity was increased about 3- to 4-fold at 2 kGy compared with non-irradiated, while the peroxidase activity was decreased. We also investigated the influence of the electron beam on protein physical property factors such as hydrophobicity and secondary structure. The exposure of hydrophobic domains reached a peak at 2 kGy of electron beam and then dosedependently decreased with increasing electron beam irradiation. In addition, the electron beam irradiated PaPrx significantly increased exposure of -sheet and random coil elements on the protein surface whereas exposure of -helix and turn elements was decreased. Our results suggest that highly enhanced chaperone activity could be applied to use in bio-engineering systems and various industrial applications. (SRAA)

Characterization of Delay in Leaf Senescence of Arabidopsis drd1 Mutant

Eun Ju Cho, Ji Hong Kim, Min Hee Lee, Ji Eun Kim, Byung Yeoup Chung, Jin-Hong Kim* Department of Radiation Research Division for Biotechnology, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute/Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, 29 Geumgu-gil, Jeongeup 580-185, Korea The present study aimed to reveal and characterize a substantial delay in leaf senescence of drd1 compared to that of the wild type (WT). DRD1 involves in chromatin modification as a SWI2/SNF2-ATPase. Seedlings were grown on soil in a growth chamber with at 110 mol m-2 s-1 and a 16 o h photoperiod at 22/18 C (D/N) for 28 d after sowing. To induce leaf senescence, rosette leaves detached from the WT and drd1 were incubated in the dark at the same temperature regime for 5 d. The WT leaves turned yellow green, while the drd1 leaves were kept constant in color. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis demonstrated that the 5-d dark incubation decreased 83.3% and 55.1% of the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) in the detached leaves of the WT and drd1, respectively. According to pigment analysis using an HPLC, the levels of chlorophyll and carotenoid involving in photosynthesis were 6.9-20.9% and 29.9-45.5% of the control leaves of the WT and drd1 after the 5-d dark incubation, respectively. Also RNA and protein content were remarkably decreased in the WT leaves. Moreover, transcript levels of senescence-associated genes, e.g. SAG12, were noticeably lower in the drd1 leaves than in the WT ones after the 5-d dark incubation. These results suggest that DRD1-mediated epigenetic regulation might be a crucial factor to determine the senescence of detached leaves.

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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PBC-98

PBC-100

Effect of the Silk Protein on the Cartilage Regeneration

You-Young Jo*, HaeYong Kweon, Kwang-Gill Lee, Heui-Sa, Lee, SungHee Nam, SoYoung Yang Sericultural & Apicultural Materials Division,, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA,, Suwon 441-100, Republic of Korea Recently, many studies on the cartilage regeneration are in the progress using a variety of materials. In this study, we investigated the possibility of silk for the cartilage regeneration. Silk protein is natural polymer with biocompatibility and mechanical strength. We isolated chondrocyte from human nasal cartilage. The chondrocyte showed optimal growth when they were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 100 M ascorbic acid. Sterile/unsterile silk fibroin solutions were added in 3D culture medium and expression levels of collagen type2 as a chondrocyte marker were measured. The expression levels of collagen type2 were upregulated 2.7 times by unsterile silk fibroin. But sterile silk fibroin did not affect on collagen type2. The structural differences between the two silk fibroin solutions were observed by FT-IR and DSC, but were not find a particular difference. We suggest the possibility of silk protein on the cartilage regeneration.

Isolation of CYP74 Gene from Sweet Orange and Recombinant Protein Expression in E. coli
Seonyoung Yoon , Jinkyu Woo , Kyung Hwan Boo , Seong-Cheol Kim , 1,2 2,4 1,2,5 1,2 Somi K. Cho , Pyung Ok Lim , Key Zung Riu , Dong-Sun Lee * 1 College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 2Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National Unversity, 3 Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, Agricultural Research Center for Climate Change, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeju 690-150, Republic of Korea, 4Department of Science Education, Jeju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Republic of Korea, 5Gene & Material Bank for Citrus Breeding, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea CYP74 enzyme is one of the major enzymes in the oxylipin pathway and belongs to cytochrome P450 family. Hydroperoxide lyase (HPL), as one among three different CYP74 enzymes, catalyzes the cleavage of 13-hydroperoxide and leads to the production of C6 aldehyde volatiles in plant. These compounds produced by HPL in plant were known to play the important roles in signaling and defense system. In this study, we tried to isolate CYP74 gene from sweet orange and express it in E. coli to purify a recombinant protein. Isolated gene was highly homologous with known plant HPL genes and length of its open reading frame was 1,521 bp in nucleotide sequence. Molecular weight of recombinant protein was about 55 kDa when the HPL enzyme was purified using Ni+-NTA and gel filtration chromatography. Purified protein showed the CO difference spectrum with max at 450 nm. These results suggest that isolated gene might be related to HPL pathway in sweet orange and have a potential role in the plant defense system.(SRAA)
1 1 1,2 3

PBC-99

PBC-101

Isolation of Cytochrome P450 from Zea mays

Jinkyu Woo , Seonyoung Yoon , Doseung Lee , Kyung Hwan Boo , Chang-Hoon Lee 3, Pyung Ok Lim 2,4, Key Zung Riu 1,2,5, Dong-Sun Lee1,2* 1 College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic 2 of Korea, Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 3Research Development, Jeju Special Selfgoverning Province Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jeju 697-828, Republic of Korea, 4Department of Science Education, Jeju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Republic of Korea, 5Gene & Material Bank for Citrus Breeding, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea Green leaf volatiles such as C6 aldehydes, alcohols and their esters are produced through a hydroperoxide lyase pathway in oxylipin metabolism. Hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) belonging to family of cytochrome P450 catalyzes the cleavage of 13-hydroperoxide and lead to the production of C6 aldehydes and -oxo fatty acids in plant. These compounds produced by HPL have a significant role in plant signaling and defense system. So, in order to characterize Zea may HPL, we tried to overexpress the gene in E. coli and purify a recombinant protein. Zea mays HPL gene used for this study was isolated by RT-PCR using gene information in NCBI. The open reading frame of hpl gene contained 1,479 bp. Molecular weight of recombinant protein was about 55 kDa when this enzyme was purified using Ni+-NTA and gel filtration chromatography. Purified protein showed the CO difference spectrum with max at 450 nm. These results suggest that purified enzyme may be used for characterizing the Zea mays HPL in the further study.(SRAA)
1 1 1,2 1,2

Cloning of a Gibberellin 3-Hydroxylase cDNA from Rosette Gall of Aster scaber Thunb.
Doseung Lee 1,2, Kyung Hwan Boo 1,2, Duk-Houn Ko1, SePill Park1, 1,2 1,2,3 Dong-Sun Lee , Key Zung Riu * 1 College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 2Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 3Gene & Material Bank for Citrus Breeding, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea Gibberellins (GAs), as a phytohormone, are signaling molecules that regulate and integrate developmental processes during the life cycle of higher plants, including shoot elongation, germination, flower development and stem elongation. GA3-oxidase (GA3ox) functions as a 3-hydroxylase, adding a hydroxyl group to C-3 to form the active GAs in the final step of the biosynthesis GAs. Plant galls induced by specific interaction between plants and various organisms, including insects, mites, nematodes, bacteria or fungi. Cecidogensis (gall formation) morphological changes occur concomitantly with physiological and biochemical modification at the cellular level. The most commonly proposed signals are known phytohormones, such as IAA, other auxins, zeatin and other cytokinins. GAs are intimately involved gall development and differentiation. The plant gall of A. scaber is formed by Dasineura asteriae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and showed well-organized rosette-like organ (rosette gall), although it isa dwarf and rootless. However, differentiation- and development-related genes are until unknown in this insect-plant interaction model. Therefore, this study was carried out to isolate GA3ox gene from rosette gall by 5` & 3` RACE PCR. An isolated gene was highly homologous with the known GA3ox genes from other plants, and length of its open reading frame was 1,083 bp in nucleotide sequence encoding 346 amino acid residues. Expression level of GA3ox was low in the inner-leaflet tissue while the expression levels in outer-leaflet and gall part of rosette gall are similar to the mother leaf tissue. Our data suggest that this GA3ox in rosette gall might be induced regulation of rosette gall development by insectplant interaction.

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Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBC-102

PBC-104

Construction and Profile Analysis of cDNA Library from Diapensia lapponica, and Phylogenetic Analysis Based on NADH Dehydrogenase
Kyung Hwan Boo , Doseung Lee , Su-Hoon Lee , Seungtae Kang , Dong-Sun Lee1,2, Key Zung Riu 1,2,3* 1 College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic 2 of Korea, Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 3Gene & Material Bank for Citrus Breeding, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea Diapensia lapponicais a woody plant belonging to the family Diapensiaceae and small cushion-forming evergreen perennial shrub grown up to 15 cm in height. Two subspecies, lapponica and obovata, are recognized, and obovata subspecies is only distributed at Halla Mt in Korea. However, this plant is very rare and endangered because of climate change. The present study was carried out in order to profile expressed genes in small woody plant. cDNA library was constructed using leaves of obovata subspecies, and nucleotide sequences of 1,145 cDNA clones were determined. Among those, the number of unigene was 586, which consisted of 236 contigs and 350 singletons. According to the homology search with BLASTX against NCBI database, amino acid sequences of unigenes homologous to proteins with known and unknown function were 36% and 17%, respectively, and the other 47% of unigenes had no significant similarity to any other peptides. Interestingly, most abundant gene was TonB-dependent receptor, which is known to express in gram-negative bacteria, when the expression level of each gene was analyzed based on the redundancy of cDNA clones. Additionally, we tried to analyze a phylogeny based on NADH dehydrogenase subunit F gene, and the results showed the close relationship with other D. lapponica species. However, this group of eudicots including D. lapponica species was obviously distinguished from other eudicots plants. These results suggested that D. lapponica plant is very different with other plants in evolution and useful as a source of interesting genes and to identify plant evolution.
1,2 1,2 1 1

Use of an Anthocyanin Production Phenotype as a Visible Selection Marker System in Transgenic Plants
Sun-Hyung Lim, Seong-Han Sohn, Dong-Hern Kim, Jae Kwang Kim, Young-Mi Kim, Jong-Ryeol Lee, Sun-Hwa Ha* Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea The rapid development of plant genetic engineering technology has enabled the production of various transgenic plants. However, the selectable marker genes that are co-introduced with the genes of interest in these plant lines can have a negative impact on their cultivation as commercially viable crops in the face of opposition by consumer groups and public opinion towards genetically modified (GM) foods. To alleviate some of the concerns regarding GM crops, anthocyanin biosynthesis has emerged as a potentially alternative method for the selection of transgenic plants by providing a visible system as the index of positive gene introduction instead of antibiotic or herbicide resistance. To induce and test anthocyanin pigmentation as a viable selection approach in our current study, two regulatory genes of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway, the R2R3 MYB mPAP1 gene from Arabidopsis and the basic helix loop helix (bHLH) B-Peru gene from maize, were amplified by RT-PCR and then individually cloned into a plant expression vector. The requirement of these two genes for anthocyanin pigmentation was confirmed via an in vivo assay using tobacco agro-infiltration. The mPAP1 and B-Peru vectors were stably co-transformed into tobacco plants using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404. Tobacco plants harboring both genes could be readily selected through the manifestation of a red color due to anthocyanin accumulation in the whole plant body. The T1 segregants showed red or green phenotypes depending on the genotype. The need for both the mPAP1 and B-Peru genes for a red color phenotype due to anthocyanin pigmentation was further confirmed by genotyping of the T1 generation by genomic PCR analysis and an in vivo assay using agro-infiltration. From these results, we conclude that co-transformation with two individual vectors harboring a critical anthocyanin transcriptional factor has potential utility as an alternative visible selectable marker system for transgenic progeny selection in plants.

PBC-103

PBC-105

The Arabidopsis Wound-responsive Protein WRP1 Binds to Jasmonate Responsive Element of AtJMT Promoter and Represses Gene Expression Responding to JA and Wounding
Jun Sung Seo, Song Yeon Yeu, Han Yong Lee, Tae Young Um, Yang Do Choi* Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National university Methyl jasmonate is a plant volatile that acts as an important cellular regulator mediating diverse developmental processes and defense responses. Brassica NTR1 and its Arabidopsis homolog AtJMT are encoding S-adenosyl-L-methionine: jasmonic acid methyltransferase and induced by JA and wound. By their promoter deletion assay, it was defined that jasmonate-responsive promoter element (JRE : 12 nt) existed in both promoters. Also a DNA-binding protein (WRP1: Wound Resposive Protein 1) was isolated by yeast one-hybrid screening, using the BcNTR1 promoter region including JRE as a bait. Through the yeast one hybrid method, it was found that WRP1 binds to the specific 6-mers (TCCTGA) of the JRE sequence. WRP1 was indued by methyl-jasmonate and wound treatments. AtJMT transcription level was reduced in WRP1 overexpression lines and enhanced in double knock-out plant. Also JA and wound responsive genes (JR2, PDF1.2) was reduced in WRP1 knock-out, and enhanced in overexpressed plants compared with wild-type. Therefore, it is suggested that WRP1 regulates AtJMT gene expression negatively responding to JA or wound through directly binding to specific cis-element of AtJMT promoter and modulates JA signaling pathway.

Arginine Decarboxylase 2 Contributes to Pathogen Defense in Arabidopsis

Sun-Hwa Kim*, Su-Hyun Kim, Seung Jin Yoo, Young Cheol Kim, Baik Ho Cho, Kwang-Yeol Yang* Department of Plant Biotechnology (BK21 program), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea The signaling pathways underlying the induction of polyamine after pathogen infection are largely unknown. In this study, we report that the expression of ADC1and ADC2 in GVG-NtMEK2DDtransgenic Arabidopsis was rapidly induced following DEX treatment. DEX treatment of GVG-NtMEK2DD Arabidopsis plants also led to putrescine induction dramatically. In addition, the expression of these genes and putrescine DD induction were partially compromised in GVG-NtMEK2 /mpk6 and GVGDD NtMEK2 /mpk3 mutants following DEX treatment. The expression of ADC2 was induced by pathogen infection, while the transcript levels of ADC1 remain constant. Compared to the putrescine content in WT plant, putrescine content in adc2 knock-out mutants were reduced after 24 h with Pst DC3000 inoculation. The adc2 mutant was more susceptible to pathogen infection than the WT plant. The growth of the pathogen in the adc2 mutants infiltrated by Pst DC3000 was about 4-fold more than the WT plant. Furthermore, The disease susceptibility of adc2 mutant recovered by the addition of exogenous Put. These results suggest that the arginine decarboxylase 2 contributes to pathogen defense in Arabidopsis.

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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PBC-106

PBC-108

AtMYB44 Modulates Cross-talk between JA and SA by Regulating WRKY70 Expression

Jae Sung Shim , Choon Kyun Jung , Han Yong Lee , Tae Young Um , Yang 1 Do Choi * 1 Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea, 2Rockefeller University, New York NY10065, USA Jasmonates play important roles in development, stress responses and defense in plants. Transcription factors are critical regulators of the changes in gene expression that drive developmental processes and environmental stress responses. AtMYB44 belongs to the R2R3 MYB transcription factor subgroup 22 family in Arabidopsis thaliana. AtMYB44 is rapidly induced by jasmonate. To test whether JA-mediated responses are affected by AtMYB44, the role of AtMYB44 in root growth and accumulation of anthocyanin were characterized. Gain or loss of AtMYB44 function causes opposite effect on JA-mediated responses. While overexpression of AtMYB44 caused reduced response to JA, knock-out mutation of AtMYB44 increased response to JA. Expression of JA responsive marker genes, including AOS, VSP1 and PDF1.2 were suppressed in the 35S:AtMYB44 and increased in atmyb44 plant under MeJA treatment. Negative regulation of JA response by AtMYB44 affected to salicylic acid (SA) response. AtMYB44 overexpression plants showed disease resistance to virulent pathogen. PR genes and WRKY70 were constitutively activated in AtMYB44 overexpression plants. These altered response to JA and SA in AtMYB44 overexpression plants were recovered by crossing with NahG but not npr1-1 plants. AtMYB44 is required for NPR1 independent early induction of WRKY70. In gel mobility shift assay, AtMYB44 binds to promoter of WRKY70. From these data, we suggest that AtMYB44 regulate cross-talk between JA and SA by regulating WRKY70 expression.
1 2 1 1

Overexpression of the Ethylene-responsive Factor Gene OsERF4a and OsERF10a Confers Improved Drought Stress Tolerance in Rice
Joungsu Joo , Hae Jong Choi , Youn Hab Lee , Dong Hee Choi , Yeon-Ki Kim , Baek Hie Nahm 1,2, Sang Ik Song 1* 1 Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, Yongin 449-728, 2 Korea, Genomics Genetics Institute, GreenGene BioTech, Inc., Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea Ethylene-responsive factors (ERFs) play important roles in biotic and abiotic stress responses in plants. Here, we report the results of a study using a transgenic approach that identified two rice ERF genes. OsERF4a and OsERF10a showed different expression pattern but mainly expressed in the before pollinated spikelet. In particular, OsERF4a contains a conserved ERF-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motif in the C-terminal region, which has been shown to function as a transcriptional repression domain. Transgenic over-expression of OsERF4a or OsERF10a in rice confers plant tolerance to drought stress. The expression profiling of OsERF4a over-expressed transgenic rice plants showed that 45 and 79 genes commonly down- and up-regulated two-fold or more in the OsCc1: OsERF4a and Ai:OsERF4a plants. Over-expression of OsERF4a and OsERF10 aalso affected the crop yield parameters. However degrees of the yield parameters were variable depending on the transgenic line and using promoters. Choice of promoters and transgenic lines are important factors in determining crop yield for transgenic plants which are improved abiotic stress tolerance.
1 1 1 1 2

PBC-107

PBC-109

Mimicking Cotranslational Folding of Intramolecular Chaperone-containing Subtilisin E Using N-terminal Fragments

Sung-Gun Kim*, Yong Taek Rho Department of Biomedical Science, Youngdong University, Chungbuk 370-701, South Korea Nascent polypeptides are synthesized on ribosomes from their N-terminus and simultaneously start to fold during protein translation in the cell. In previous studies of some small proteins, N-terminal fragments of increasing length have been used to mimic co-translational folding intermediates and have shown progressive structure formation with growing polypeptide lengths. Here, we studied the cotranslational protein folding of prosubtilisin E a protein that requires an N-terminal intramolecular chaperone (IMC) to fold into its native conformation. Seven N-terminal fragments of prosubtilisin E exhibit progressive enhancement of their secondary structures and thermostabilities with increasing length. These secondary structure features are correlated with long-range contacts between the N-terminal intramolecular chaperone and subtilisin suggesting that these contacts play a crucial role in IMC-mediated folding. While the full-length protein adopts a stable tertiary structure, even the largest fragment for which the C-terminal 72-residues are missing behave as a molten globule indicating the requirement of the C-terminus to have a stable tertiary structure. We propose a model of cotranslational folding for the IMC-containing subtilisin.

Expression of a Bifunctional Fusion of the Brevibacterium helvolum Genes for Maltooligosyltrehalose Synthase and Maltooligosyltrehalose Trehalohydrolase in Transgenic Rice Plants Increases Abiotic Stress Tolerance
Joungsu Joo , Hae Jong Choi , Youn Hab Lee , Dong Hee Choi , Chung Ho Kim 2, Jong-Joo Cheong 3, Yang Do Choi3, Sang Ik Song 1* 1 Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, Yongin 449-728, 2 Korea, Department of Food and Nutrition, Seowon University, Chongju 361-742, Korea, 3Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Agricultural Biomaterials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921, Korea. Trehalose (a-D-glucopyranosyl-[1,1]-a-D-glucopyranose) is a nonreducing diglucoside found in various organisms, including bacteria, algae, fungi, yeasts, insects, and some plants. In nature, trehalose serves not only as a carbohydrate reserve but also as an agent that protects against a variety of physical and chemical stresses in various organisms. Trehalose- producing transgenic rice (Oryza sativa) plants were generated by the introduction of a gene encoding a bifunctional fusion (MTSH) of maltooligosyltrehalose synthase (BvMTS) and maltooligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (BvMTH) of Brevibacterium helvolum, under the control of the rice cytochrome C promoter (OsCc1), ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase small subunit promoter (rbcS), or ABA inducible promoter (ABI). The enzymes (BvMTS and BvMTH) shortened maltooligosaccharides by two glucose units per cycle of sequential reactions and released trehalose. The expression levels of transgenes in transgenic plant were analyzed by using semi quantitative RT-PCR or RNA gel-blot analysis. Trehalose contents detected by GC/MS were increased up to 20~50% in transgenic rice treated with validamycin A than WT under same condition. In early growth under the various stress conditions did not showed difference between wild type and transgenic rice, except ABA. Under media containing 3M ABA, trehaloseproducing transgenic rice showed more root growth rate than that of wild type. In mature growth stage, trehalose-producing transgenic rice increased the tolerance against abiotic stress as shown by chlorophyll fluorescence and growth inhibition analyses.
1 1 1 1

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Plenary Lecture

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Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBC-110

PBC-112

Inhibitory Effects of Polyamines on Nitric Oxide and Pro-inflammatory Interleukines Production in Murine Macrophage Raw 264.7 Cells
Sun Chul Kang*, Souren Paul Dept. of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyungsan City, Kyungbook, 712-714, Republic of Korea We investigated inhibitory effects of polyamines, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophage Raw 264.7 cells. Treatment with polyamines inhibited expression levels of inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor- (TNF- ), and interleukin-1 (IL-1 ) in a dose-dependent manner in LPS-stimulated murine macrophage Raw 264.7 cells. Spermine had a higher inhibitory effect on production of nitric oxide (NO), cytokines such as IL-1 and TNF- in LPS-stimulated murine macrophage Raw 264.7 cells than those of other polyamines. Also, spermidine had significant inhibitory activity on production ofnitric oxide (NO), cytokines such as IL-1 and TNF- in LPS-stimulated murine macrophage Raw 264.7 cells over putrescine. Putrescine showed remarkable inhibitory activity on pro-inflammatory cytokines production, but inhibition on NO production was less. As a result of this study, polyamines can be considered as a potential immunomodulatory agent.

Expression Profiling of Expansin Genes by Light Quality in Brassica rapa

Soo In Lee*, Jin A Kim, Joon Ki Hong, Yeon-Hee Lee Functional Bio-Material Division, National Academy of Agricultural Biotechnology (NAAS), RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea To investigate genes related in light signaling in Brassica rapa, we designed and generated a B. rapa oligo microarray, KBGP-24K, using sequence information from approximately 24,000 unigenes. RNA was extracted from B. rapa treated with blue, red, far-red, dark, and white lights and hybridized on KBGP-24K. Among several genes showing different expression patterns under different light sources, we selected expansins for further study. Expansins are plant cell wall loosening proteins in a variety of developmental processes. comprise a large superfamily of genes consisting of four families (EXPA, EXPB, EXLA and EXLB). the base of microarray analysis, BrEXPA1 and BrEXPB3 expression were upregulated under red and blue light treatment conditions compared to white light treatment conditions. BrEXPA5 and BrEXPA11 expression were up-regulated under blue light treatment conditions.Interestingly, transcript level of BrEXLB1 was specifically increased in the dark conditions. These expressions were validated with semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis. results mean that expansins maybe have different biological functions in developmental processes by light quality in plant.

PBC-111

Inhibitory Effect of Natural Polyamines on TPA Induced Ear Edema

Sun Chul Kang*, Souren Paul Dept. of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyungsan City, Kyungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of natural polyamines on TPA induced skin inflammation in experimental mice. Exposure of TPA on the ear of BALB/c mice caused a marked increase in both ear thickness and skin water content. The increment of ear thickness measured for TPA induced ear was 0.60 mm, as compared for to control (0.30 mm).Treatment with 250 g/mL of Putrescine, spermidine, spermine caused significant decrease in ear thickness which weremeasured to be 0.35 mm, 0.25 mm, and 0.20 mm respectively. Polyamines (Putrescine, spermidine, spermine) also reduced the water content about 47%, 56% and 71% respectively in the TPA induced skin inflammation model. Furthermore, histological analysis clearly confirmed that polyamines inhibited the inflammatory responses of skin inflammation in animal model. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that the polyamines might accelerate the development of new drugs for various inflammatory diseases.(SRAA)

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PBC-113

PBC-114

Enhancement of GH66 Dextranase Activity by Truncation of Nand C-terminal Variable Regions, Suggesting Proenzyme-like Activation
Young Min Kim *, Young Bae Ryu , Woo Song Lee , Doman Kim , Atsuo Kimura 1 Eco-Friendly Biomaterial ResearchCenter, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea, 2Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan, 3School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
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Proteomic Analysis for Wheat Processing Properties

Hyo Jeung Kim, Yeong Tae Kim, Sun Hyung Lim, Sun Hwa Ha, Young Mi Kim, Jong Yeol Lee* National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon, 441-707, Korea Although it is known that the composition of high-molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs) and low-molecular weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GSs) are important factor for bread, noodle and cookie, it is still not clear which HMW-GSs and LMW-GSs confer improved processing properties and how those HMW-GSs and LMW-GSs interact each other. In this study, to investigate distinctive glutenin proteins for characteristic processing properties for noodle, glutenins extracted from seeds of several Korean and Chinese wheat cultivars were focused in IPG gel strip and subjected to SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Differential protein expression level was analyzed using image master platinum 6. Then to characterize the HMW-GSs of Korean cultivar Uri, extracted glutenin proteins were separated by two dimensional gel electrophoresis. Nine spots digested with trypsin resulting peptide fragmentation were identified by LC ESI-MS/MS and MASCOT database. We also separated HMW-GSs from wheat cultivar Uri by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) withResource Phe column using gradient buffer condition with 4M Urea and 0.45M ammonium sulfate.Each single band of 1Bx8, 1Dx 2.2, 1Dy 12, and double bands of 1Dx2.2 and 1Bx7 were separated.

Dextranases (Dexs; EC 3.2.1.11) randomly hydrolyze the internal alpha1,6-linkages of dextran. Dexs are classified into two groups: glycoside hydrolase family (GH) 49 or 66. Formation of protease-associated multiple isoforms has been reported on many GH 66 Dexs of native enzymes and recombinant enzymes. Some degraded polypeptide fragments still maintain the dextranolytic activity. Since proteolytic degradation often leads to decrease in enzyme activity and stability, protection against protease attack is desirable for the industrial application of Dexs. The GH 66 Dex gene from Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 (SmDex) was expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant full-size (95.4 kDa) SmDex protein was digested to form an 89.8 kDa isoform (SmDex90). The purified SmDex90 was proteolytically degraded to more than seven polypeptides (2370 kDa) during long storage (several months). SmDex was predicted to comprise four regions after cleavage of the signal peptide (N-terminal 24 amino acids): N-terminal variable region (N-VR; Ser25 to Asn99), catalytic region (CR; Gln100 to Ala615), glucan-binding site (GBS; Leu616 to Ile732), and C-terminal variable region (C-VR; Asn733 to Asp850). Two truncation-mutant enzymes devoid of C-VR (TM-NCGD) or N-VR/C-VR (TM-DCGD) were catalytically active, thereby indicating that N-VR and C-VR were not essential for the catalytic activity. TM-DCGD was resistant to further degradation during long storage. Surprisingly, TM-NCGD and TM-DCGD exhibited enhanced hydrolytic activity, mainly due to high affinity to substrate (smaller Km values), suggesting that N-VR and C-VR induce hindered substrate binding to the active site. The activation mechanism is similar to those of trypsinogen and chymotrypsinogen, bothof which are also activated by digestion of their polypeptide chains. Our finding is the first example of proenzymeassociated activation at glycoside hydrolases.

PBC-115

Discrimination of White Kwao Krua (Pueraria mirifica) Roots Produced in Different Harvest Season and Product Area in Thailand by LC-Q-TOF-MS and Principal Component Analysis
Min Woo Han *, Kyoung Sook Choi , Nam In Baek , Myun Ho Bang , Sung 3 3 1 Kwon Ko , Chang Hwan Oh , Dae Kyun Chung 1 1 Kyung Hee University Skin Biotechnology Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon 443-766, Korea., 2Graduate School of Biotechnology and Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea., 3Oriental Medical Food & Nutriton, Semyung University, Jecheon 390-711, Korea. Kwao Krua is a native herb abundant in the jungles of the north Thailand and Burma. It has been well known to local people for many years due to its distinguished properties, traditional medicine and efficacy. It is as regarded as the national identity of Thailand and Burma. Typically, there are three types namely, white, red, and black Kwao Krua. White Kwao Krua (Pueraria mirifica Airy Shaw et Suvatabandhu), has long been used as a rejuvenating and anti-aging supplement in Thailand and Myanmar. Distinct differences in quality and quantity of Pueraria mirifica were found among White Kwao Krua roots produced in different harvest season and product area. The metabolites data were processed by principal component analysis (PCA) as multivariate analysis to determine whether separate classes of cultivar. For PCA, two principal components have been extracted. Principal component 1 (PC1) influences the separation between different sample sets, capturing 40.31% variance, while principal component 2 (PC2) affects differentiation within sample sets, capturing 25.43% variance. In summary, LC-QTOF-MS coupled with PCA analysis could be a well-acceptable strategy to differentiate of Chiang Dau and Chiang Mai collected from different areas in Thailand, but non-differentiate of collection of winter season and rainy season.
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Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBC-116

PBC-118

Carotenoid Isomerase Type 1 and 2 in Citrus unshiu cv. Markovich

Seong-Woo Kim , Ji-Man Heo , In-Jung Kim * 1 Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea, 2Research Institute of Subtropical Agriculture and Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea Through isolation of differentially expressed genes (DEG) between Citrus peel and flesh, and chromosomal walking, we obtained gene fragments of 1757 bp and 1982 bp in size encoding caroteinoid isomerase (CRTISO). Carotenoid isomerase in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway plays key roles in the cis-trans-isomerisation reactions involved in the synthesis of the trans-lycopene. According to sequence homologies of CitrusCRTISO to other plant carotenoid isomerase genes, the Citrus CRTISO were classified into Type 1 and Type 2, respectively. Citus CRTISO Type 1 showed the highest homology of 82% identities and 91% positives with Zea mays CRTISO 1. Citrus CRTISO Type 2 seqeuence showed the homologies with those of Ipomoea sp. Kenyan, Solanum lycopersicum and Citrus limon, Citrus sinensis and Zea mays CRTISO 2. We analyzed the expression patterns of Citrus CRTISO type 1 using RT-PCR.While the transcripts of Citrus CRTISO type 1 increased according to the maturity of fruit development, during the maturation of flesh the expression was decreased. Citrus CRTISO Type1 promoter can be useful for induction of expression of foreign genes into peel of transgenic Citrus to effectively control the peel characteristics including the storage duration and the contents of bioactive compounds. (This work was supported by Priority Research Centers Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2010-0029630)).(SRAA)
1 1 1,2

The Glycitein 7-O-beta-d-glucoside 4''-O-methylate (CGLM) Inhibits EGF-induced Mucus Hypersecretion in the Human Lung Mucoepidermoid Cells
Jung-Hee Kim, Dong Ki Park, Choong Hwan Lee, Do-Young Yoon* Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea CGLM, the glycitein 7-O-beta-d-glucoside 4''-O-methylate, was isolated from Cordyceps militaris grown on germinated soybeans extract. Cordyceps militaris has been reported to possess anti-fibrotic, -inflammatory, -nociceptive, -oxidant, and -angiogenic activities. In the present study, CGLM was investigated for its suppression of the airway mucous hyper-secretion in epidermal growth factor (EGF)-treated human lung mucoepidermoid cells. CGLM was treated for 1 hour and then followed by EGF treatment for 24 hours into NCI-H292 cells. The decrease of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) production was correlated with the reduced levels of proteins and mRNAs of inducible matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and mucin MUC5AC. CGLM directly inhibited down-regulated NF-B activity, and significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2 (p42/p44) in NCI-H292 cells. These results suggest that CGLM protects NCI-H292 cells from EGF-induced damage by down-regulation of COX-2, MMP-9, and MUC5AC gene expressions by blocking NF-kappa-B and p38/ERK MAPK pathways.

PBC-117

PBC-119

Effect on Shoot Development in Kiwi Leaf Explant by DMSO Treatment

Seung Yeob Song , Suk Weon Kim , In-Jung Kim * 1Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 111 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Korea, 2Biological Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 111 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 3 305-806, Korea, Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea In animal cells, DMSO has been shown to have a number of activities including as an anti-inflammatory agent, a ROS scavenger, a modulator of cytokine activation, and a histone deacetylase inhibitor. This suggests that addition of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to kiwi leaf explant might increase the shooting efficiency. Thus we investigated the effect of DMSO treatment to kiwi leaf explant. After treatment of 0.1%, 0.5%, 1% DMSO in Kiwi leaf explant, we have cultured for 3 weeks. Compared to control group, the treatment group of both 0.5% and 1% showed shooting rate of 9.5%, but 0.1% DMSO group showed shooting rate of 36.5%. Thus the rate in 0.1% treatment was approximately 4-fold more than higher concentration treatment. After 4 weeks culture, 0.5% and 1% DMSO groups showed shooting rate of 1.6% and 7.9%, respectively. After treatment of both 0.1% DMSO and 5mM H2O2treatment in kiwi leaves and 3 weeks culture, shooting rate showed 30.16%. A group of only 5mM H2O2 treatment showed 0%. A group of both 0.1% DMSO and 5mM H2O2 treatment showed 6.35%, which is lower rather than DMSO treatment. However, DMSO treatment increased shoot efficiency than H2O2 treatment only. After 4 and 5 weeks, 0.1% DMSO treatment showed the rate of 46.03% and 47.62%, respectively. A group of both 0.1% DMSO and 5mM H2O2 group showed the rate of 25.4%. (This work was supported by Priority Research Centers Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2010-0029630)).(SRAA)
1,3 2 3

A Naringenin Derivative Diethyl (5,4-dihydroxy flavanone-7-yl) Phosphate Inhibits Cell Growth and Induces Apoptosis in A549 Human Lung Cancer Cells
Yesol Bak , Jung-Hee Kim , Heejong Kim , Jeong-Woo Kang , Dong Hun Lee , Man Sub Kim 1, Yun Sun Park 1, Eun-Jin Kim 1, Kang-Yeoun Jung 2, Yoongho 1 3 1 Lim , Jintae Hong , Do-Young Yoon * 1 Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Biochemical Engineering, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea, 3College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea This study is focused on the evaluation of the anti-cancer effects of a naringenin derivative diethyl (5,4-dihydroxy flavanone-7-yl) phosphate (named as dEdHF-7-p) in human lung cancer cells. The dEdHF-7-p suppressed A549 cells growth though mechanisms including inhibition of cell cycle and increased apoptosis. The following apoptotic and cell cycle modulators were modulated by dEdHF-7-p in A549 cells: cyclins, ppRB, and anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 were down-regulated while apoptotic factor Bax as well as CDK inhibitors p21 and p53 were enhanced, thereby releasing cytochrome c into the cytosol of dEdHF-7-p -treated A549 cells. The dEdHF-7-p treatment led to the processing of caspases-3/-8/-9, followed by cleavage of PARP. Furthermore, dEdHF-7-p treatment led to enhanced Fas expression and decreased expression of cell survival factors such as PI3K and p-Akt in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, dEdHF-7-p induces apoptosis by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt survival signaling pathway and modulating mitochondria-emanated intrinsic and Fas extrinsic pathways in A549 cells.
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PBC-120

PBC-122

Root Specific Expression of OsNAC10 Alters Root Architecture Enhancing Drought Tolerance and Grain Yield under Field Conditions
Jin Seo Jeong 1, Youn Shic Kim 1, Harin Jung 1, Sun-Hwa Ha2, Yang Do Choi3, 3 1 Minkyun Kim , Ju-Kon Kim * 1 School of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering, Myongji University, 2 National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, 3School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University We report the results of a functional genomics approach that identified a rice NAC-domain gene, OsNAC10, which improved performance of transgenic rice plants under field drought conditions. The OsNAC10 is expressed predominantly in roots and panicles, and induced by drought, high salinity and ABA. Overexpression of OsNAC10 under the control of the constitutive promoter GOS2 and the root-specific promoter RCc3 increased the plant tolerance to drought, high salinity and low temperature at the vegetative stage. More importantly, the RCc3:OsNAC10 plants showed significantly enhanced drought tolerance at the reproductive stage, increasing grain yield by 25-42% and 5-14% over controls in the field under drought and normal conditions, respectively. Grain yield of GOS2:OsNAC10 plants in the field, in contrast, remained similar to that of controls under both normal and drought conditions. These differences in performance under field drought conditions reflect the difference in expression of OsNAC10-dependent target genes in roots as well as in leaves of the two transgenicplants, as revealed by microarray analyses. Root diameter of the RCc3:OsNAC10 plants was thicker by 1.25-fold than that of the GOS2:OsNAC10 and NT plants due to the enlarged stele, cortex and epidermis. Overall, our results demonstrated that root specific overexpression of OsNAC10 enlarges roots, enhancing drought tolerance of transgenic plants, which increases grain yield significantly under field drought conditions.

Efficient Method for the Making a Transgenic Rice without Marker Which Can be Used for GM Crop
Harin Jung*, Youn Shic Kim, Ju-Kon Kim School of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering, Myongji University, San 38-2 Nam-dong, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do 449-728 Korea Over the past several years, consumer and environmental groups have expressed concern about the use of antibiotic-and herbicide-resistance genes against ecological and food safety perspective. Although no scientific basis has been established for these concerns, generating marker-free plants would certainly contribute to the public acceptance of transgenic crops. Here we present a technology that allows us to make transgenic plants without using selectable markers. This technology relies on an efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method and TaqMan Real time PCR-based selection of transformants. After co-cultivated, transformed cells were allowed to regenerate on MS medium without any antibiotics or herbicides. In about 2-3 weeks after regeneration, a leaf disc of regenerated plants from one callus was punched and pooled in a tube. We performed TaqMan PCR with the leaf discs for the presence of transgene in the pools. We then select the positive pools and punched a leaf disc of individual rice plants in the positive pools. Second PCR from individual plants of the PCR-positive pools led us to identify transgenic plants. This marker-free transgenic rice was analyzed T-DNA insertion site in the rice genome by flanking sequencing and verified the copy number of the T-DNA by the TaqMan PCR. Such transgenic rice with a single copy and intergenic T-DNA in the genome can be used directly for commercial purpose.(SRAA)

PBC-121

PBC-123

Binding Site Confirmation of G250-protein Complex Based on X-ray Crystallography

Hyung-Keun Ku *, Sook-Kyung Kim , Soo Jae Lee , Sang-Ryoul Park , 2 2 Kyeong-Hwa Oh , Hyo-Jin Yang 1 Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Doryong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-340, 2 Republic of Korea, Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, University of Science and Technology, KRISS, Doryong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea, 3College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Gaeshin-dong, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju City, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea Bradford assay is simple and common method for protein quantitation by measuring the binding of Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 dye to proteins, with formation of dye-protein complex absorbing light at 595 nm. It is routinely used as its simplicity, economy and sensitivity. However, since formation of dye-protein complex is dependent on specific residues, mainly basic residues in protein, variation from protein to protein is matter of concern for quantitative analysis. Previous work, we verified binding sites in the biochemical study. Now we are interested in confirmation of binding residues in proteins through biophysical approach, and adopted X-ray crystallography in order to reveal them. We select lysozyme as target protein since lysozyme is reported as an easily crystal-formed protein. In several conditions with or without G250, crystals are formed with different shapes. With soaking or backsoaking approaches, we are now carried out for X-ray crystallography. We expect it will show binding sites of G250 clearly.
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Involvement of a Nascent Polypeptide Associated Complex Protein in Phytochrome- mediated Light Signaling in Arabidopsis
Hye Lin Park, Man-Ho Cho, Dong Ho Shin, Seong Hee Bhoo, Tae-Ryong Hahn* Graduate School of Biotechnology and Plant Metabolism Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Nascent polypeptide associated complex (NAC) is a heterodimeric protein that bind to newly synthesized polypeptide chains from the ribosome. Cellular functions of NACs are less understood in plants. The NAC alpha 2 protein was identified as a phytochrome interacting protein by Coimmunoprecipitation linked proteomic analysis. An in vitro pull-down assay confirmed that the NAC protein interacts with phytochromes. This phytochrome-interacting nascent polypeptide associated complex (PNAC) protein was expressedin the cytosol and PNAC was not translocated into nucleus by irradiation. The PNAC gene expression was increased by light treatment, especially red light. These findings suggested that PNAC interacts with phytochromes in the cytosol and is involved in phytochromemediated light signaling. The histochemical analysis of PNAC-GUS transgenic plants demonstrated that PNAC likely functions in vegetative growth and reproductive development of Arabidopsis. (SRAA)

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Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBC-124

PBC-126

Analysis of Apoplastic Secretome from Rice Lesion Mimic Mutant (spl11)

Hyun-hye Huh , SoonJae Kwon , Jin young Kim , UG Kim , So Wun Kim , Sang 2 2 2,3 1 Gon Kim , Yiming Wang , Kyu Young Kang , Sun Tae Kim * 1 Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, Korea, 2Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang 3 National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea Here, we first demonstrate that identification of rice lesion mimic mutant (spl11) proteins is possible for understanding the programmed cell death (PCD) and defense mechanism in plants using apoplastic proteome with its non-destructive spotted leaf tissues as a model system. Apoplastic proteins from spotted leaves of spl11, were isolated by vacuum infiltration with CaCl2/Na-acetate extraction buffer, separated by 2-DGE, and identified by MALDI - TOF MS. The 2-DGE analysis of apoplastic secreted proteins from spl11mutant resulted in detection of 28 differentially-expressed protein spots. The MS analyses confidently assigned the identity of 13 protein spots. Bioinformatics analysis using GO term and Pfam revealed that identified proteins were mainly metabolic enzymes, Rubisco proteins with small molecular weight, and ROS detoxifying proteins. The large proportion of proteins identified from the apoplast was in accordance with ROS detoxifying proteins. Their mRNA expression patterns were also investigated by public rice microarray chips including biotic and abiotic stresses, resulting that a gene encoding peroxidase was significantly induced in response to bacteria blight interaction. Thus, peroxidase may play a critical role for not only development of cell death in spl11,but also defense response against pathogen. These result may lead that developed inventory could be exploited to better understand plant and microbe interactions as well. Taken together, we suggested that the apoplastic secreted proteome from spl11 provides the evidence on secretion of novel and previously known proteins during its early PCD process. (SRAA)
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Functional Characterization of LIM-domain Protein for Seed Development in Rice

Mi-Hye Seo, Jong-Kuk Na, Ji-Eun Choi, Beom-Gi Kim, In-Sun Yoon, Dool-Yi Kim* Bio-crop Development Division, Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-701, Korea LIM-domain proteins (LIMs) are actin-binding proteins (ABPs) and characterized by the presence of two LIM domains consisting of tandem zing finger structure. Upon interaction with interacting partners, LIMs play important roles in cytoskeleton organization, which is crucial for various developmental processes such as cell division, vesicle trafficking, and transcription. In Sunflower, LIM proteins are describedto be involved in actin-binding, -stabilizing, and -bundling. While OsWLIMs express overall in Rice plant, OsPLIMs express highly in pollen, suggesting that PLIMs may play important role(s) in reproductive development. In this study, we identified and characterized rice LIM genes. OsLIM with a 675bp ORF encodes a polypeptide of 225-aa with an estimated MW of 24.8 kDa. OsPLIM with a 621bp ORF encodes a polypeptide of 206-aa with an estimated MW of 22.5 kDa. The LIM domains of OsLIM and OsPLIM contain a conserved double zinc-finger structure. For functional analysis, pOsLIM:OsLIM are introduced into rice, and 17 pOsLIM: OsLIM transgenic plants were obtained. Phenotypic analyses exhibit that both transgenic lines have less tiller numbers than wild type, indicating that both LIMs may be involved in tiller differentiation. However, both transgenic lines have bigger seed size than that of wild type, suggesting that reduction in tiller numbers may be compensated with seed size. Further functional characteristics of LIMs will be addressed.(SRAA)

PBC-125

PBC-127

Elucidation of the Roles of ClpC1/C2 Protein on Development and Induction of Higher Tolerance against Heat and Salt Stresses by the Overexpression
Sarafat Ali, Kwang-Hyun Baek* School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University Clp protease is a special proteolyic system composed of more than 15 proteins in plastids. As the subunits for the Clp protease working as chaperone proteins, ClpC1/C2 subunit proteins seems to be related to chlorophyll synthesis and plant height regulation. The ClpC1/C2 co-silenced Nicotiana benthamina shows severe chlorosis, semi-dwarf phenotype, and accelerated hypersensitive response. The roles of ClpC1/C2 subunit proteins in the development of N. benthamiana are under investigation, especially focusing the elucidation of the substrate proteins for the ClpC1/C2 subunits. Furthemore, overexpression of ClpC1 or ClpC2 gene will be expected to induce higher tolerance levels for heat and salt stresses.

Epitope Mapping of Specific Antibodies to Deinococcus radiodurans Bacteriophytochome

Tae-Lim Kim, Seong Hee Bhoo*, Tae-Ryong Hahn, Man-Ho Cho Graduate School of Biotechnology and Plant Metabolism Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Phytochromes are a superfamily of photoreceptors, which utilize covalently attached bilin chromophores and enable to sense light signal. Recently discovered bacteriophytochromes (BphP) are phytochrome-like photoreceptors in bacteria such as Deinococcus radiodurans, which have biliverdin as a chromophore. To analyze the surface properties of DrBphP, five (2B8, 2C11, 3B2, 3D2, 3H7) anti-BphP monoclonal antibodies were produced by immunizing full-length DrBphP.2B8 and 2C11 preferentially recognized the epitopes at N-terminal region of BphP, and 3B2, 3D2 and 3H7 showed preferential affinities to the epitopes of C-terminal region of DrBphP. We performed epitope mapping of the five monoclonal antibodies in detail using recombinant partial BphP proteins. The results demonstrated that five monoclonal antibodies recognize different regions on the DrBphP protein. Thus we expect that these five monoclonal antibodies are applicable to topological study of DrBphP. (SRAA)

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PBC-128

PBC-130

Development of Biomarkers for Cultivar Discrimination of Sweet Potatoes Cultivated in Korea Using Combination of RAPD-proteome Analysis
Su Ji Lee , Jin Young Kim , Hyun-hye Huh , So Wun Kim , Mi Nam Chung , Joon Seol Lee2, Sun Hyung Kim 3, Sang-Gyu Seo3, Yongchul Kim 1, Sun Tae 1 Kim * 1 Department of plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang, 627-707, South Korea, 2Bioenergy Crop Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science(NICS), Rural Development Administration(RDA), 3Department of Environmental Horticulture, University of Seoul, Seoul, 130-743, South Korea The present study was carried out to develop DNA and protein biomarkers for cultivar discrimination of 28 accessions of sweet potato cultivated in Korea. The analysis of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) revealed that 80 random primers generated 50 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers from 28 accessions of sweet potato cultivated in Korea. Among them, 36 RAPD fragments were cloned and sequenced for conversion into sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. A putative biomarker showing specificity in Hayanmi was identified by SCAR marker. In order to develop the protein markers, furthermore, 5 sweet potatoes were selected according to their color traits (lemon-yellow color, orange color, purple color) characterized by dendrogam generated by polymorphic RAPD bands. Total proteins from leaf were extracted, separated by 2-DGE, revealing that 8 protein spots are differentially expressed, indicating that they may be useful biomarker for cultivar discrimination of sweet potato in Korea.(SRAA)
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A Simple and Reliable Depletion Method of High Abundant Soybean Proteins Using MgNP40-PCP Technique
UG Kim, Hwa-Jin Jung, SoonJae Kwon, Dong Wook Shin, Jin Young Kim, Hyun-Hye Huh, Su-Ji Lee, Sun Tae Kim* Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang, 627-706, South Korea Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DGE) is one of the simplest and effective method for separating proteins. However, a few hundred abundant proteins out of thousands visualized on a 2-DGE gel can be identified by previous extraction technique. Thepresent of the two major storage proteins, beta-conglycinin and glycinin in the soybean seeds and Rubisco in leaves limit protein loading. An improved fractionation method for depletion of abundant proteins from soybean on SDS-PAGE or 2-DGE gels was developed by means of the Mg/NP-40 extraction buffer with Poly Cationic Peptide (PCP), named as a MgNP40-PCP. Proteins from soybean seeds and leaves were extracted with Mg/NP-40 extraction buffer and fractionated with PCP into two fractions: Soybean seeds; 0.05% PCP supernatant (PCPS) and 0.05% PCP precipitants (PCPP), soybean leaves; 0.1% PCPS and 0.1% PCPP. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that most of glycinins and Rubisco were clearly fractionated into the PCPP. PCPS fraction was essentially free from contamination of Rubisco as judged by Western blot analysis. We further verified whether MgNP40-PCP fractionation method enables us to display more proteins and to detect low-abundance proteins using 2-DGE. We suggest that this fractionation technique is a simple and reliable enrichment method of low abundant proteins and should provide more in depth comparison of protein arrays.(SRAA)

PBC-129

PBC-131

The Mutants of the Hepatitis B Virus X Gene Modulate the Cell Cycle and Apoptotic Proteins in Normal Liver Chang Cell
Chang Hee Yang*, Young Mee Kim, Moon Jae Cho Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, 66 Jejudaehakno, Jeju-si, Jeju Special Sele-Governing Province, Korea Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the major risk factors for the development of liver cancer and heptocellular carcinoma(HCC)-associated disease. HBV mutations often occur on the basal core promoter (BCP), which is overlapped with hepatitis B virus X (HBx) protein at the open reading frame (ORF). The HBx protein is very important multifunctional regulatory protein in development of liver cancer. In this study, we have investigated the effect of HBx mutation on the intracellular localization and cell cycle regulation and apoptosis proteins in normal liver Chang cell line. The result,HBx and HBx mutants is not influenced on the intracellular localization. We have cloned three mutants of HBx from clinical samples, and then transfected into chang cell and transfection positive cells were selected by G418. Each HBx stable cells showed some difference in cell cycle regulation and apoptotic proteins. the mutant HBx proteins dramatically increased expression of CDK inhibitor p27 and p21. also , apoptotic protein cleaved PARP was dramatically increased.

Characterization of Recombinant L-Asparaginase from Thermococcus kodakaraensis KOD1

Yun-Ha Lee, Sung-Jun Hong, Gun-Seok Park, Jin-Ho Shin, Ihsan Ullah, Jae-Ho Shin* School of Applied Bioscience, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea L-asparaginase(E.C.3.5.1.1) catalyzes hydrolysis of L-asparagine into L-aspartate and ammonia. This enzyme is present in various living organisms including animals, plants and bacteria. Industrial L-asparaginase, produced by genetically modifeid Escherichia coli, is using for reducing acrylamide content in food processing. Acrylamide, a suspected carcinogen, is produced during starch food processing by Maillard reaction from L-asparagine. A gene coding putative L-asparaginase was from a thermophilicT. kodakaraensis KOD1. The nucleotide sequence revealed that L-asparaginase of T. kodakaraensis KOD1 consist 328 amino acid and has a molecular weight of 36 kDa (GenBank Accession No. NC_006624). The PCR amplified L-asparaginase gene with 6xHistag was subcloned into pET21a(+) and subsequently transformed to E. coli BLR(DE3). The expressed recombinant enzyme was purified withNi-Sepharose FF affinity chromatography. The optimum temperature and pH of recombinant L-asparaginase were 90 and pH 8.0, respectively. In thermostability experiments, the enzyme activity remained about 50% after heat-treated at 80 for 24h. Km and 2+ 2+ Vmax values were 1.889 mM and 0.100 mol/min. Ni and Mg were the most effective divalent cation for L-asparaginase activity.

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Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBC-132

PBC-134

Function of fujB, Codes for -ketoacyl Synthase(KS) Domain, in Allylmalonyl-CoA Biosynthesis in Streptomyces sp. KCCM11116P
Young-Kwang Ju, Sung-Kwon Lee, SangJoon Mo, Joo-Won Suh* Department of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea MJM7001 strain obtained from among 1,000 streptomycetes which had antifungalactivities. Because production of FK506, That has properties of inhibition of T-cell proliferation. The strain was tentatively identified as Streptomyces sp., and it has been deposited in the strain collection of the Korean Culture Center of Microorganisms under the accession number KCCM11116P. FK506 biosynthetic gene cluster was separated from genomic DNA of KCCM11116P. The fujABCD involved in the biosynthesis of the unique allyl side chain of FK506 were confirmed by in-frame gene deletion experiments. Especially, distinct PKS system with noncanonical domain architecture composes two genes, fujA and fujB. The fujB codes for -ketoacyl synthase (KS) domain similar to the initiating KS (KSIII) of type II PKS priming system. Homologous initiating KS gene of type II PKS was introduced into fujB mutant for complementation and revealed that FK506 production was restored. We propose that function of fujB, which codes for -ketoacyl synthase(KS) domain, as priming KS acylated by propionyl-CoA

Compound K Suppresses Intracellular Lipid Droplet Levels via Modulating Expressions of Genes Involved in Lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Cells
Dong-Hun Lee, Jeong-Woo Kang, Jung-Hee Kim, Yesol Bak, Deok-Kun Oh, Do-Young Yoon* Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea Compound K (CK) is a major intestinal metabolite of ginsenosides derived from ginseng radix. Recently, CK has been known to have effect of anti-diabetes via AMPK activation in human hepatoma cell and stimulation of glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. But the effect and mechanism of CK on anti-obesity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes remain unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of CK on adipocyte differentiation using 3T3-L1 cells. We found that CK significantly inhibited 3T3-L1 differentiation via PPAR inhibition. There was no cytotoxic effect of CK in 3T3-L1 cells and treatment of during differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells with CK resulted in AMPK activation and also down-regulation of fatty acid synthase (FAS). The modulating effect of CK on expressions of genes involved in lipogenesis was partially abrogated by treatment with troglitazone, a PPAR agonist. These results indicate that CK inhibits 3T3-L1 adipogenic differentiation by inducing AMPK activation and inhibiting PPAR expression, and CK may be a promising compound for the treatment of obesity.

PBC-133

PBC-135

Functional Analysis of Six Drought-inducible Promoters in Transgenic Rice Plants

Seungwoon Bang , Ju-Kon Kim *, Youn Shic Kim , Min-Ho Jeong , Se-Jun Oh 1, Jin Seo Jeong 1, Su-Hyun Park 1, Harin Jung 1, Yang Do Choi2 1 School of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin 449-728, Korea, 2School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
1 1 1 1

Characterization and Molecular Analysis of -glucosidase Produced by Lactoccus lactis

Shu-Jun Fang , Jie Chang , Yong-Seok Lee , In-Hye Park , Soon-Cheol 2 1 Ahn , Yong-Lark Choi * 1 Department of Biotechnology, DongA University, Busan 604-714, South Korea., 2 Department of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, South Korea. A gram-positive bacterium, designated strain FSJ4, was isolated from soil samples because it demonstrated high -glucosidase activity. Through 16SrDNA gene sequence analysis the strain was identified as belong to Lactoccus lactis. The -glucosidase gene of Lactoccus lactis FSJ4 was successfully cloned by the shotgun method. Nucleotide sequence determination by sodium dodecyl sulfate-ployacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that the gene for the enzyme contained 1437 bp, was coded by 478 amino acids, and was 54 kDa. The polypeptide exhibits significant homology with other bacterial -glucosidase and belongs to the Glycoside Hydrolase Family 1. The -glucosidase was purified by a His-fusion purification system. The optimal pH and temperature of the enzyme were 6.0 and 40, respectively. The enzyme activity was strongly inhibited by + 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ + 2+ K , Mg , Na , Ni , Ca , Li ,Zn ,and EDTA partially inhibited the enzyme activity. The BglA showed the highest activity with p-NPG. Strain FSJ4 -glucosidase, which is for degradation of oligosaccharides, is expected to be useful for the fermentation of cellulose degradation. (SRAA)
1 1 1 1

There are few efficient promoters for use with stress-inducible gene expression in plants, and in particular for monocotyledonous crops. Here, we report the identification of six genes, Rab21, Wsi18, Lea3, Uge1, Dip1, and R1G1B that were induced by drought stress in rice microarray experiments. Gene promoters were linked to the gfp reporter and their activities were analyzed in transgenic rice plants throughout all stages of plant growth, from dry seeds to vegetative tissues to flowers, both before and after drought treatments. In fold induction levels, Rab21 and Wsi18 promoters ranged from 65- and 36-fold in leaves to 1,355- and 492-fold in flowers, respectively, whereas Lea3 and Uge1 were higher in leaves, but lower in roots and flowers, as compared with Rab21 and Wsi18. Dip1 and R1G1B promoters had higher basal levels of activity under normal growth conditions in all tissues, resulting in smaller fold-induction levels than those of the others. In drought treatment time course, activities of Dip1 and R1G1Bpromoters rapidly increased, peaked at 2 h, and remained constant until 8 h, while that of Lea3 slowly yet steadily increased until 8 h. Interestingly, Rab21 activity increased rapidly and steadily in response to drought stress until expression peaked at 8 h. Thus, we have isolated and characterized six rice promoters that are all distinct in fold induction, tissue specificity, and induction kinetics under drought conditions, providing a variety of drought-inducible promoters for crop biotechnology.

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PBC-136

PBC-138

IL-32 Phosphorylation by PKC Induces Protein Stabilization

Man Sub Kim, Jeong Woo Kang, Yun Sun Park, Dong Hun Lee, Jung Hee Kim, Yesol Bak, Do Young Yoon* Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong 1, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea IL-32 has been known to play as a pro-inflammatory factor. However, it has also been reported that IL-32 functions intracellularly. Many isoforms of IL-32 have been found and the function of IL-32 has not been clarified. To this end, we investigated the intracellular modifications of IL-32 and its physiological meanings. We observed that the protein level of IL-32 was increased upon PMA treatment, but not mRNA level in human U937 lymphoma cells. Inhibition of de nove protein synthesis by cycloheximide induces fast disappearance of IL-32 protein band, but pretreatment of PMA 30 minutes before cycloheximide treatment retarded the band disappearance, which means that PMA treatment induces IL-32 protein stabilization. Because this phenomenon was PMA-dependent, we examined PKC interaction with IL-32b. We found that IL-32 interacted with PKC and also with PKC to a lesser extent. We furthermore observed that PMA-activated PKC interacted with IL-32 and phosphorylated it. PKC -specific inhibitor, rottlerin, inhibited these interaction and phosphorylation of IL-32. Our data show that IL-32 protein can be modified and this means that IL-32 may function as an intracellular factor.

Reference Materials for Quantification of Residual Host Cell DNA in Protein Drugs
Hannah Yu *, Min-Jung Kang , Sun-Mi Hwang , Sook-Kyung Kim , Inchul 1 Yang 1 Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Doryong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-340, 2 Republic of Korea, Bio-analysis Science, University of Science and Technology, Doryong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea In the common manufacturing processes of biopharmaceuticals which involve expression and purification of a recombinant protein using a host cell system, it is essential to eliminate all contaminants including DNA and proteins originated from the host cell. Regarding the removal and quantification of the residual host cell DNA impurity, not only an analytical method for quantification of trace level DNA but also standard materials by which the accuracy and validity of measurement performances could be evaluated. Recently, we have developed a real-time degenerate oligonucleotide primed PCR (DOP-PCR) approach which enabled quantification of trace amounts of DNA down to 80 fg independently of their species and suggested it as one of measurement platforms for trace level DNA including the residual host cell DNA in biopharmaceuticals. In this study, we report reference materials (RM) which could support the accuracy and traceability in quantitative analysis of the residual host cell DNA in protein drugs. Accurately defined amounts of CHO DNA were added into the active pharmaceutical substances of human growth hormone (hGH) to preparative concentrations of 10 fg/mL 10 pg/mL. The actual concentrations of the CHO DNA in the protein drugs were confirmed by the real time DOP-PCR to be equivalent to the preparative values.
1,2 1 1 1

PBC-137

PBC-139

Immobilization of Recombinant -glucosidase from Exiguobacterium sp. DAU5 on Chitosan Bead for Hydrolysis of Isoflavone Glycoside
Jie Chang , Yong-Seok Lee , Shu-Jun Fang , In-Hye Park , Soon-Cheol 2 1 Ahn , Yong-Lark Cho * 1 Department of Biotechnology, DongA University, Busan 604-714, South Korea., 2 Department of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, South Korea. Glutaraldehyde was used cross-linked for prepared chitosan beads to immobilize the crude enzyme -glucosidase from Exiguobacterium sp. DAU5. The conditions of prepare cross-linking chitosan beads and immobilization such as concentration of glutaradehyde, cross-linking time, immobilization pH and time were optimized. Based on optimized condition for product of immobilized -glucosidase, an overall yield of 20% and specific activity of 5.22 U/g chitosan beads were obtained. The optimized pH and temperature were 9.0 and 55 C, respectively. About stability, which retained more then 80% of its activity at pH 7.0 pH 10.0 and retained 80% of its activity by incubating 40 C for 2 h and 48% at 50 C for 1 h. However, the immobilization product showed higher pH and thermal stabilities then free enzymes. Analysis of hydrolysis isoflavone glycoside from soybean, It also showed high hydrolyzing activity with soybean isoflavone glycoside. These results suggest the broad application prospects of immobilization enzyme.(SRAA)
1 1 1 1

Identification of the Allylmalonyl-CoA Extender Unit Biosynthesis Genes in the FK506 Biosynthetic Gene Cluster
Sung-Kwon Lee, SangJoon Mo, Joo-Won Suh* Department of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Myongji University, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea FK506 (Tacrolimus) is an important 23-membered polyketide macrolide with immunosuppressant activity. Streptomyces sp. KCCM 11116P, the FK506 producer, was isolated from 10,000 streptomyces strains. The FK506 biosynthetic gene cluster of Streptomyces sp. MJM 7001, which is the UV-mutated FK506 (tacrolimus) high-producer from Streptomyces sp. KCCM 11116P (wild-type), contains four putative allylmalonyl-CoA biosynthetic genes, fujA, fujB, fujC, and fujD. Function of these four genes was supposed by protein homology search. The gene expression level of fujA, fujB, fujC, and fujD from Streptomyces sp. KCCM 11116P and Streptomyces sp. MJM 7001 was analyzed by RT-PCR and transcription level analysis revealed fairly that the FK506 production yield was dependent on expression level of these four genes. To confirm function of fujA, fujB, fujC, and fujD, they were heterologously expressed in Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. ascomyceticus ATCC 14891, which is produce only FK520, and overexpressed in Streptomyces sp. KCCM 11116P. The FK506 production was detected from heterologous expression mutant and the FK506 productivity of overexpression mutant was enhanced up to fourfold than wild-type. Overall, these results show that fujA, fujB, fujC, and fujD are coding the allylmalonyl-CoA extender unit biosynthesis genes.

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Plenary Lecture

Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBC-140

PBC-142

Analysis of the Wsi18, a Stress-inducible Promoterthat Is Active in the Whole Grain of Transgenic Rice
Hyung ill Kim , Ju-Kon Kim *, Nari Yi , Se-Jun Oh , Youn Shic Kim , Hyun-Jun 1 1 1 1 2 Jang , Su-Hyun Park , Jin Seo Jeong , Sang Ik Song , Yang Do Choi 1 School of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin 449-728, Korea, 2School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National, Seoul 151-921, Korea There is currently a shortage of efficient promoters for stress-inducible gene expression, especially in monocotyledonous crops. Here, wereport analysis of the rice Wsi18 promoter, a member of the group 3 Lea family, in transgenic rice plants. The abundance of Wsi18 mRNA increased in leaf tissues within 2 h of exposure to NaCl or abscisic acid (ABA) and within 6 h of exposure to drought, but there was no transcript increase in response to low-temperature conditions. Wsi18 mRNA accumulated in the roots similarly to in the leaves, but at a faster rate. The promoter was linked to the GFP reporter gene, transformed into rice, and its activity was analyzed in transgenic plants at all stages of plant growth from calli, vegetative tissues, flowers, and to dry seeds, both before and after stress treatment. The activity of the promoter was significantly increased in the whole plant body, including flowers, on exposure of plants to stress conditions, with very low levels of basal activity in all tissues. Moreover, the promoter was found to be predominantly active in the whole grain, including endosperm, embryo, and aleurone layer during seed development. Together, we have identified and analyzed the Wsi18 promoter and found a previously undescribed characteristic-a stress-inducible property in the whole plant body with activity in the whole grain during seed development.
1 1 1 1 1

Analysis of Five Novel Putative Constitutive Gene Promotersin Transgenic Rice Plants
Kang Hyun Lee , Ju-Kon Kim *, Su-Hyun Park , Nari Yi , Youn Shic Kim , 1 1 2 Min-Ho Jeong , Seung-Woon Bang , Yang Do Choi 1 School of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin 449-728, Korea, 2School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea Novel constitutive gene promoters are essential components of crop biotechnology. Our analysis of five such promoters, APX, SCP1, PGD1, R1G1B, and EIF5, in transgenic rice plants is reported here. The five promoter regions were linked to the gfp reporter gene and transformed into rice. Using fluorescent microscopy and q-RT-PCR, promoter activities were analysed in comparison with OsCc1, Act1, and ZmUbi1, previously characterized as strong constitutive promoters. The APX and PGD1 promoters direct high levels of gene expression in all tissues and stages, producing GFP at levels of up to 1.3% of the total soluble protein. PGD1 is particularly active in flowers and mature roots. The R1G1B is active in the whole grain including the embryo, endosperm, and aleurone layer, and thus represents a constitutive promoter with activity in whole seeds that has not been described previously. The ZmUbi1 and R1G1B promoters are markedly less active in young roots and mature leaves whilst the APX, PGD1, OsCc1, and Act1 promoters are highly active in both vegetative and reproductive tissues. Overall, our results demonstrate that APX, PGD1, and R1G1B are novel gene promoters that are highly active at all stages of plant growth with distinct levels of activity.
1 1 1 1 1

PBC-141

PBC-143

Capillarisin Modulates the Lipopolysaccharide Induced iNOS and COX-2 via MAPK Signaling Pathway in Murine Macrophages
YoungMee Kim 1, Hee Kyoung Lim 1, Somi K. Cho 3, Sanggyu Park 4, Moonjae 2 Cho * 1 Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Cheju National University, 66jejudaehakno, 690-756, Jeju, Korea, 2Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, and Institute of Medical Science, Cheju National University, 66 jejudaehakno, 690-756, Jeju, Korea, 3Faculty of Biotechnology, Cheju National 4 University, 66 jejudaehakno, 690-756, Jeju, Korea, Division of Life & Environmental Science, Daegu University, Daegu, 712-714, Korea In the previous study, ethanol extracts of Artemisia capillaries showed strong anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Capillarisin, a flavone, main constituent of Artemisia capillaries (Compositae), was studied for its anti-inflammatory activity. Capillarisin induced dose-dependent nitric oxide and PGE2 production via reductions in the levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA and proteins. Additionally, capillarisin was shown to suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines including IL-1, TNF, and IL-6. Capillarisin was shown to induce a dose-dependent inhibition of the phosphorylation of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs; JNK, ERK and p38). Among them, phosphorylation of p38 kinase was more inhibited and that of ERK was less affected. Anti-inflammatory activity did not related with antioxidant activity of capillarisin.

Rapid Analysis System of Skin Active Natural Compound of Stewartia Koreana NAKAIby HPLC/SPE/RRLC-q-TOF MS System
Min Woo Han1, Kyoung Sook Choi1*, Soo Mi Ahn 1, Min Hee Han 1, Young-Sim 1 1 1 1,2 2 Oh , Hye Kyoung Jeong , Su Jin Oh , Dae Kyun Chung , Jae Sung Hwang 1 Skin Biotechnology Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon 443-766, Korea, 2 Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, 1 Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea. Automated HPLC/SPE/ RRLC-q-TOF MS Systemwas tried to the rapid identification of skin active natural compound of Stewartia Koreana NAKAI. The classical bioactive-guided fractionation for the purification and identification of biologically acitive compounds from plant extracts can be effort process with long time.The Sepbox system has been developed to rapidly separate complex mixtures of natural products to almost pure compounds or mixtures of a few substances, which can then be used directly for biological testing. The method is a combination of HPLC and solid phase extraction (SPE) and is coupled into a HPLC/SPE/ HPLC unit with 2 semi-preparative pumps, 7 HPLC columns, 18 adsorbed traps for SPE, an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) and UV detectors. In Sepbox-250 system used in this study, fractionation of a crude extract into 100-300 subfractions including many fairly pure compounds is possible through this HPLC/SPE/HPLC coupling experiments within less than 30 hours. Extracts of Stewartia koreana exhibit various biological activities such as antioxidant activity. The methanol extract of Stewartia koreana (250mg) was adsorbed onto C18 reverse-phase resin(seperation 1st column) and subjected to SPE/HPLC (C18 reverse-phase resin , ndt analysis, 2 column) coupling system equipped with UV (280 nm) and ELSD detectors. The automated HPLC/SPE/HPLC coupling system allowed the rapid fractionation of 15 fractions. Each fractions was RRLC-q-Tof analyzed to identify and evaluated skin activity, Tyrosinase inhibition, MMP-1 assay, and DPPH assay.
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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PBC-144

PBC-146

Effect of Poly--Glutamic Acid on Growth, Viability and Productivity of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Producing Recombinant Erythropoietin in Chemically Defined Medium
Tae Gon Kim, Young Choel Cho, Hye Jin Jung, Hyi Jin Kim, Bok-Hwan Chun, Namhyun Chung* Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Repulic of Korea In suspension cell culture of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells producing recombinant Erythropoietin, the protective effect of poly--glutamic acid (PGA) aginst fluid mechanical damage and shear stress was evaluated in a chemically defined medium (CDM). Growth, viability, and productivity of recombinant CHO cells were investigated in CDM with PGA of 50 and 500 kD, the results of which was compared to those in CDM with Pluronic F68, the protective polymer of the most common usage in suspension cell culture. Cell growth and viability with PGAs were similar to those with Pluronic F68 but no difference was observed with different molecular weights of PGA. The productive level of rhEPO was measured by sandwitch ELISA. When the culture reached at the highest cell numbers, the productivity with PGA 500 kD was 88% of that with Pluronic F68, but the level of rhEPO production with PGA 50 kD was 13% lower than that with PGA 500 kD. PGA, the natural anionic homopolyamide form of glutamic acid, has not only the protective effect of mammalian cells in suspension culture, but also the positive effect of the expression of recombinant protein.(SRAA)

In vivo Evaluation of Toxicity with Different Sizes and Shapes of Silver Nanoparticles to Mice
Hye Jin Jung, Yung Choel Cho, Hyi Jin Kim, Tae Gon Kim, Nam Hyun Chung* Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Repulic of Korea Though silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely applied to living products, only a few studies have been addressed possible toxic effects of inhaled AgNPs. Also, toxicity of NPs may rely on many factors such as size, shape, and surface area. The purpose of this study was to evaluate theeffects of acute lung toxicity and inflammatory responses induced by different forms of AgNPs in mice. In this study, ICR mice were divided into four experimental groups and intratracheally treated 1 mg/kg of LPS with Ag 2.7 m, Ag 150 nm, or Ag wire 5.3 m, respectively. Toxicity was assessed by differential counting cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) stained by Diff quick staining method, the level of lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH) assay, and ELISA of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-) in BALF. Histopathologic changes of lungs were evaluated by H&E staining and the level of cytokine in tissue was evaluated by Western blotting targeting MCP-1. As results, the level of inflammatory cytokines and LDH were higher when treated with Ag 150 nm than with the other two AgNPs. The results of Western blotting and histological data also supported the aforementioned results. All these results indicated that AgNPs might induce inflammatory responses and tissue damage in the lung of mice.(SRAA)

PBC-145

PBC-147

Effect of Length and Shape on Cytotoxicity and Inflammatory Response of Silver Nanoparticles in Human Acute Monocytic Leukemia Cell Line THP-1
Hye Jin Jung, Yong Choel Cho, Hyi Jin Kim, Tae Gon Kim, Nam Hyun Chung* Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Repulic of Korea Since silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have a high antimicrobial activity, they have been widely used in diverse fields. However, side effects and toxicity by usage of AgNPs have not been studied thoroughly, especially in the field of safety evaluation. Thus, cytotoxicity and mechanisms of IL-1 (an important pro-imflammatory cytokine secreted by activation of NALP3 inflammasome) production were investigated by treating three different forms of AgNPs (i.e., Ag 2.7 m, Ag 150 nm, and Ag wire 5.3 m) on macrophage-like THP-1 cells. Our results showed that the differences in the cytotoxicity and the IL-1 production were dependent on the forms of AgNPs. Among the forms, the cytotoxicity and IL-1 production was the highest with Ag wire and followed by Ag 150 nm and Ag 2.7 m in order. In the mechanism study, the production of IL-1 was dependent on the level of activated caspase-1 and activation of the NALP3 inflammasome was induced by lysosomal destabilization, release of cathepsin B, and generation ofintracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, changes of cell cycle progression and cell shrinkage were observed. Considering all results above, we speculated that AgNPs induced the apoptosis and that produced IL-1 could inhibit cell proliferation with the known mechanims. Our results suggested that the various forms and sizes of AgNPs could induce cytotoxicity and production of inflammatory cytokine, IL-1.(SRAA)

Determination of Acute Pulmonary Toxicity of Lung-injured Mice Exposing to On-road, Naebu Expressway in Seoul
Young Choel Cho , Tae Gon Kim , Hye Jin Jung , Hyi Jin Kim , Seung Jae Lee , Gwi Nam Bae 2, Hyun Choel Kim 2, Seung Bok Lee2, Seung Hee Yang 3, Nam Hyun Chung 1* 1 Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Korea University Seoul 136-713, Repulic of Korea, 2Environmental senser system research center, KIST, 3Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Ambient particulate pollution is related to adverse health effects in especially pulmonary diseases. The ambient pollution in Seoul has been regarded as considerable. Therefore, the aim of this study was toxicity evaluation of Seoul ambient air on-road. For this purpose, on-road experiments driving MEL (Mobile Emission Laboratory) were conducted to evaluate the sensitivities and pulmonary toxicity of lung-injured ICR mice induced by LPS to real-world aerosol. Measurements of aerosol size distribution, gas, and exposures were carried out over 4 days, 6 h/day, driving a route on Naebu Expressway, located in the middle of Seoul with heavy traffic volume. In order to expose on-read aerosol to the mice without stress, we manufactured a whole body chamber with the flow rate of 12 LPM without vacuum. About 16 hours after the exposure, the mice were sacrificed and then the levels of acute-phase inflammatory responses were measured. We observed the expected increases in response measured by IL-6 ELISA, LDH assay, and differential cell counting in Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BLAF). Real time PCR and western blot targeting MCP-1 also showed a difference. In histological evaluation, inflammatory leukocyte infiltration also supported the other results. These results suggest that exposure to on-road particle mixtures in Seoul has effects on pulmonary system in lung-injured mice, implicating that lung-injured people might get affected on lungs when exposed.(SRAA)
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Poster Session

PBC-148

PBC-150

Facilitation of Tolaasin Toxicity by Phospholipids Evaluated by 2+ Competition Effect of Zn and DDPE

Young-Bae Yoon, Young-Kee Kim* Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, KOREA Tolaasin is a pore-forming peptide toxin produced by Pseudomonas tolaasii and causes a brown blotch disease on the cultivated mushrooms. It forms 4 turns of left-handed -helix in the membrane. Therefore, the length of tolaasin channel corresponds to near 20 and it is a little shorterthan the thickness of membrane. The mismatch between the length of tolaasin channel and the thickness of membrane made the channel unstable. The addition of phosphatidyl ethanolamine made with two medium-chain decanoic acids (DDPE, 200 M) facilitated tolaasininduced hemolysis. The hemolysis was stimulated at the concentrations above 2 nM DDPE. In order to characterize the DDPE-induced facilitation, 2+ competition effect of Zn , a potent tolaasin inhibitor, and DDPE on tolaasin-induced hemolysis was investigated. When Zn2+and DDPE were added simultaneously, the stimulatory effects of DDPE observed at low 2+ 2+ concentrations of Zn . However, at the concentrations of Zn above 1 mM, no effect of DDPE was measured. In these experiments, the hemolytic 2+ activity of tolaasin was dominated by Zn at the concentrations higher 2+ than 1 mM and dominated by DDPE at the Zn concentrations below 0.2 mM. Mixed effect of these two modulators were observed at 0.5 mM Zn2+. Based on these results, we suggest that DDPE stabilizes the tolaasin 2+ channel but it does not inhibit the binding of Zn to tolaasin channel.

Proteomics Analysis of CHO Host Cell Proteins

Sun Mi Hwang, Min Jung Kang, Sook Kyung Kim, In chul Yang*, Duk Jin Kang Center for Bioanalysis, Division of Metrology for Quality of Life, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Doryong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-340, Republic of Korea Immunoassays using polyclonal antibodies against the whole host cell proteins are currently the method of choice for quantitative analysis of host cell protein impurities in biopharmaceutical drugs. However, it is hard to guarantee if all the residual host cell protein impurities were successfully detected and adequately quantified by the all-in-all immunoassay due to the bias and under-representation of the polyclonal antibody mixture against the whole host cell proteins. In order to overcome the limitations of the polyclonal antibody-based approach, we designed an isotope dilution mass spectrometric (ID-MS) measurement of individual representative host cell protein impurities in protein drugs. First step of the study involves the proteomic identification of major host cell proteins and selection of representative protein groups for the subsequent ID-MS analysis. The secretory host cell proteins from the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines were selected as a model system and proteomically identified by two different mass spectrometric approaches; MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry following two-dimensional gel analysis and the linear trap mass spectrometry following two-dimensional liquid chromatography. As many as 100 different host cell proteins were identified by the current proteomics approaches.

PBC-149

PBC-151

RNAi-mediated Rice Stripe Virus (RSV) Resistance Obtained by Targeting the Fully Complementary RSV-CP Gene
Hyang-Mi Park, Man-Soo Choi, Do-Yeon Kwak, Bong-Choon Lee, Jong-Hee Lee, Myeong-Ki Kim, Yeon-Kyu Kim, Dong-Bum Shin, Yu-Young Lee, Yul-Ho Kim* National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Suwon, Kyounggido, 441-857, Korea Rice stripe virus (RSV) is a viral disease that seriously impacts rice production in East Asia, most notably in Korea, China, and Japan. Highly RSV-resistant transgenic japonica rice plants were generated using a dsRNAi construct designed to silence the entire sequence region of the RSV-CP gene. Transgenic rice plants were inoculated with a population of viruliferous insects, small brown planthoppers (SBPH), and their resistance was evaluated using ELISA and an infection rate assay. A correlation between the expression of the RSV-CP homologous small RNAs and the RSV resistance of the transgenic rice lines was discovered. These plants were also analyzed by comparing the expression pattern of invading viral genes, small RNA production and the stabletransmission of the RSV resistance trait to the T3 generation. Furthermore, the agronomic trait was stably transmitted to the T4 generation of transgenic plants.

Novel Biological Activities in TransgenicExpressing OsHGGT

Yul-Ho Kim , Yu-Young Lee , Sun-Lim Kim , Young-Up Kwon , Eunjung Jin , Hyang-Mi Park 1* 1 National Institute of Crop science, RDA, Suwon, Kyounggido, 441-857, Korea, 2 Department of biological science, Wonkwang University, Iksan Chonbuk, 570-749, Korea Tocochromanols are potent lipid-soluble antioxidants and essential nutrients for human health. Genetic engineering techniques were used to develop soybeans with enhanced vitamin E levels, including tocotrienols, which are not found in soybean. The gene encoding rice homogentisate geranylgeranyl transferase (HGGT) was over-expressed in soybeans using seed-specific and constitutive promoters. The association between abundance of vitamin E isomers and antioxidant activity was investigated during seed germination. With the exception of -tocotrienol, all vitamin E isomers were detected in germinating seeds expressing OsHGGT. The antioxidant properties of germinating seed extracts were determined using DPPH, ABTS radicals, and lipid peroxidation (TBARS). Compared with intact wild-type seeds, transgenic seeds showed an increase in radical scavenging of 5.417% and 23.235.3% in the DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. Also, the lipid peroxidation levels were 2.04.5-fold lower in germinating seeds from transgenic lines than in wild-type seeds. Furthermore, it is having goodagainst osteoarthritis.Therefore, it appears that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatoryof transgenic oil-producing plants such as soybean, sunflower and corn may be enhanced by overexpressing OsHGGT during seed germination.
1 1 1 1 2

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PBC-152

PBC-154

Some Properties of MbsBURP1, a BURP Domain Protein from Mungbean Seeds

Yeongtae Kim *, Jin Kyo Jung , Bo Yoon Seo , Yul-Ho Kim , Hyang-Mi Park , 2 3 Young-Sun Kim , Jung-Kyung Moon 1 National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, 2National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, 3Rural Development Administration, RDA BURP domain has been named for the four members of the group initially identified, BNM2(Brassica), USP(field bean), RD22(Arabidopsis), and PG1beta(tomato). Most of the BURP domain proteins have been isolated from many plant species, yet the functional characterization has been poorly understood.We isolated MbsBURP1 gene from mungbean seeds using RACE PCR and the coding sequence was cloned and analyzed. The cDNAis1,374 bp in size, containing an open readingframe encoding 457 amino acids. The domain architecture deduced from MbsBURP1 cDNA is composed of a signal peptide, repeated units and c-terminal BURP domain. This protein interacted within silico analysis. The deduced amino acid sequence showed a high de(90%) of homology to those of resistant specific protein-2 (Genbank BAC22500) from Vigna radiata. The recombinant MbsBURP1 protein without signal peptide of about 52KD was overexpressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta gami cells. Western blots revealed that MbsBURP1 was detected in mungbean seeds resistance to adzuki bean weevil, whereas anti-MbsBURP1 was reacted weakly or not reacted with susceptible seed proteins. In artificial diet assay, the recombinant protein displayed some level of resistance to adzuki bean weevil.
1 2 2 2 2

Post-transcriptional Control of Photosynthetic mRNA Decay under Stress Conditions Requires 3Untranslated Regions and Correlates with Differential Polysome Association in Rice
Su-Hyun Park , Pil Joong Chung , Piyada Juntawong , Julia Bailey-Serres , Youn Shic Kim 1, Harin Jung 1, Seung Woon Bang 1, Eun Hyang Han 1, Yeon-Ki 4 5 1 Kim , Yang Do Choi , Ju-Kon Kim * 1 School of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin 449-728, Korea, 2Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York 10065, USA, 3Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA,, 4 GreenGene Biotech Inc., GreenGene BiotechInc., Yongin 449-728, Korea, 5School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea Abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity and temperature extremes, regulate gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Expression profiling of total mRNAs from rice (Oryza sativa) leaves grown under stress conditions revealed that mRNA levels of photosynthetic genes are reduced more rapidly than others, a phenomenon referred to as Stress-induced mRNA Decay (SMD). By comparing RNA polymerase II engagement with the steady-state mRNA level, we show that SMD is a post-transcriptional event. To discern any correlation between SMD and the process of translation, changes in total and polysomeassociated mRNA levels following stress were measured. Total and polysome-associated mRNA levels of two photosynthetic (RbcS1 and Cab1), one stress-inducible (Dip1) and one conserved (Ubi1) gene were found to be markedly similar, demonstrating the importance of polysome association of mRNAfor transcript stability under stress conditions. Microarray experiments performed on total and polysomal mRNAs indicated that approximately half of all mRNAs that undergo SMD remain polysome-associated during stress treatments, suggesting the presence of polysome-dependent and polysome-independent decay processes. To delineate the functional determinant(s) of mRNAs responsible for SMD, the RbcS1 and Cab1transcripts were dissected into several components. Expression of different combinations of the mRNA components were analyzed under stress conditions in transgenic rice plants revealed that the 3untranslated region harbors the major mRNA sequence elements that mediate SMD. Thus, our results suggest that post-transcriptional control of photosynthetic mRNA decay under stress conditions requires 3 untranslated regions and correlates with differential polysome association. (SRAA)
1 2 3 3

PBC-153

Synthesis of Inorganic Nanostructures by Biological Route Using Peptides

Jungok Kim, Hor-Gil Hur* School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju Nanotechnology is fascinating research area due to their high surface area to volume ratio and their unique properties. Although many of conventional physical and chemical techniques to produce nanomaterials are reported, biological synthesis routes are becoming new strategy because they are more clean, non-toxic, and environmentally benign as well as able to tailor the dimension and properties of nanostructures. Among various living organisms and biomolecules, biologically originated peptides that specifically recognize inorganic surfaces and control their size, shape, and crystal structures have been shown to be useful for the assembly and synthesis of inorganic nanostructures. In addition, peptide can easily genetic engineered via controlling amino acid sequences. Not only as reducing and/or capping agents to synthesize various nano or minrostructures, but peptide also act as versatile building blocks of peptide superstructures via self-assembly.In this report, gold nanostructures has been synthesized by isolated peptide from phage displayed peptide library and their size and shape were found to be controlled by reaction conditions and amino acid sequences. Among many of gold nanostructures, peptide-mediatedely synthesized gold nanoribbonshave beenused as templates for the fabrication of silica coated gold nanocables. In addition, hybrid spheres containing peptides and gold nanoparticlesbeensimultaneously produced in water by peptide self-assembly where their size of hybrid spheresprecisely controlled by operating temperature. The ability to synthesize gold nanostructures and control their shape and size in an environmentally benign way will allow us to fabricate a new class of multifunctional nanostructures with various electronic, sensor, and biomedical applications.(SRAA)

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Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBC-155

PBC-157

Adoption of New Carotenoid Pathway into Rice Endosperm Using Multistep Metabolic Engineering
Ye Sol Jeong, Mi-Hee Song, Jae Kwang Kim, Sun-Hyung Lim, Ji Hye Hwang, Jong-Yeol Lee, Young-Mi Kim, Yeon-Hee Lee, Bon-Sung Goo, Sun-Hwa Ha* National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea In plants, two major pigment groups, carotenoids and anthocyanins, are biosynthesized from two independent metabolic pathways, one is the plastidic methyerythritol phosphate pathway that forms a part of the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway and the other is the phenylpropanoid pathway that follows after the shikimate pathway. Our aim, in the long run, is the development of diverse functional color rice crops by multi-step metabolic engineering of two pigment groups that have different physical and chemical properties. Recently, we developed two transgenic -carotene rice plants, PAC and PIC rice, through the comparison of two bicistronic systems involving a synthetic 2A sequence from foot-andmouth disease virus and the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) sequence from crucifer-infecting tobamovirus through the pathway engineering of carotenoids in rice endosperm. Our results was the first in plants that both 2A and IRES systems can coordinate the expression of two genes, withthe 2A being greater in efficiency. This study paved the way for metabolic engineering of further important metabolites. Currently, we obtained functional and colorful rice grains to adopt the new carotenoid pathway for zeaxanthin and astaxanthin components beyond -carotene, reflecting successful multistep metabolic engineering. The metabolic profiling and molecular characterization of diverse transgenic rice plants will be presented in detail.(SRAA)

Phage Typing of Pseudomonas tolaasii, Brown Blotch-causing Bacteria

Seong-Wan Park, Soo-Jin Park, Young-Kee Kim* Department of Environmental & Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, KOREA Brown blotch disease on the cultivated mushroom is known to be caused by Pseudomonas tolaasii producing tolaasin. Forty two strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the mushrooms which had symptom of brown blotch disease during last 20 years. In order to classify these bacteria, genes of 16S rRNA were sequenced and analyzed. Thirty three strains were isolated as Pseudomonas species, and twenty six were identified as Pseudomonas tolaasii, named as P1 type. Since P1-type bacteria were major pathogenscausing blotch disease, phylogenetic analyses of P1-type pathogens were conducted with the neighbor-joining method. P1-type pathogens consist of three phylogenetic subtypes, P1a(6 strains), P1b(15 strains) and P1c(1 strain). Phage typings of these 22 P1-type strains divided into 8 phage types, P1a-type bacteria into 3 phage types, P1b-type bacteria into 4 phage types, and P1c-type bacteria into 1 phage type. Reversely, when P1a-type bacteria were used to classify the corresponding phages, 23 phages were divided into 3 types. Similarly, P1b and P1c bacteria were able to classify their phages into 5 types. The phage typing of pathogenic bacteria will be very useful for the diagnosis and prevention of the brown blotch disease. When the disease spreads during the mushroom cultivation, pathogenic bacteria can be identified and the corresponding phages should be used to control the pathogenic bacteria.

PBC-156

PBC-158

Cloning and Characterization of the Plastidial 2-C-Methyl-D-Erythritol 4-Phohsphate Pathway Genes of Rice
Yun-A Jeon , Min Kyoung You , Sun-Hyung Lim , Jae Kwang Kim , Jong-Yeol Lee 1, Young-Mi Kim 1, Sang Nag Ahn 2, Sun-Hwa Ha 1* 1 National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea, 2 Department of Agronomy College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea Plants have two isoprenoid biosynthetic pathways, the cytosolic mevalonate (MVA) pathway and the plastidial methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, unlike animals that have the only MVA pathway in cytoplasmic space. Plant isoprenoids play many essential roles as the major photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids) as well as other key photosynthesis related compounds (plastoquinones, phylloquinones and tocopherols), phytohormones (gibberellins and abscisic acid) and monoterpenes. Formation of two building blocks, isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate, for the MEP pathway is regulated by eight enzymatic steps being consist of DXS, DXR, IspD, IspE, IspF, IspG, IspH, IPI through deoxy-xylulose 5-phosphate from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. In rice, 11 genes have been collected to be responsible for the eight MEP enzymes based on GenBank database, and the six genes of those were selected for further studies of their major roles in carotenoid biosynthesis. We here report the gene information and tissue specific expression patterns of those genes. Transgenic research is under way to over-express in the common rice plants for functional studies and to enhance the productivity of -carotene in the -carotene rice that has been already reported by our group (Ha et al., 2010). Our studies might be useful for better understanding the genetic clues of the rice MEP-based isoprenoid synthetic pathway. In particular, the activation of the MEP pathway will be provided as the practical tools for metabolic engineering to enhance the levels of isoprenoidderived compounds including carotenoids in plants.(SRAA)
1,2 1 1 1

Variation of Photosynthetic Carbon Assimilation Rates among 164 Rice Recombinant Inbred Lines Derived from Genetic Crossing between Milyang23 and Giho-byeo
Donghern Kim*, Soo-Jin Kim, Gang-Seob Lee Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, 224 Su-In Ro, Suwon, Korea In order to identify factors affecting plant's photosynthetic carbon reduction (PCR), photosynthetic carbon assimilation rates were measured using Milyang23 (M) x Giho-byeo (G) RILs. MG RILs have been proven to be useful materials for various QTL analysis. When measured under -1 -1 -1 conditions of 400 molmol CO2 and 1,000 molm sec PAR, the photosynthetic activities and A/Ci were normally distributed among the RILs. It was also observed that the photosynthetic activities largely depend on leaf stomatal conductance. Several lines which showed eitherhighest or lowest A/Ci values were selected for the measurement of activities of enzymes involved in PCR pathway. Intitial RuibsCO activities and RubisCO activation status of those lines were closely related to the A/Ci values. In order to RubisCO and photosynthetic electron transport dependence of RIL's photosynthetic activities, A/Ci analyses of MG RILs were performed by changing CO2 concentration. In this poster, results of A/Ci measurement are discussed.

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PBC-159

Monitoring of Changes in Photosynthetic Carbon Assimilation Rates and Stomatal Opening of Rice Plants Transformed with ABP57 Genes by Abiotic Stress
Donghern Kim 1*, Keun-Pyo Lee 2, Ancheol Chang 1 1 Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, 224 Su-In Ro, Suwon, Korea, 2International Technical Coorperation Center, Rural Development Administration, 225 Su-In Ro, Suwon, Korea A 57kDa auxin binding protein, ABP57, functions to mediate the auxin+ induced activation of the plasma membrane P-type H -ATPase by proteinprotein interaction.When expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana, ABP57 promotes the growth of the transgenic plants as compared to controls.In this study, we transformed rice with sense and RNAi genes of ABP57 in order to identify physiological function of the gene.Seeds of the overexpressing lines were about 10% heavier than those of the nontransgenic and the RNAi transgenic lines.We also monitored changes of carbon assimilation rates and stomatal opening of transgenic as well as non-transgenic rice plants.There were rapid decrease of both of CO2 exchange rate and stomatal conductance responding to salt stress treatment either at 100, 150 and 200 mM NaCl or 20% PEG.In the presentation, the difference between the over-expressing lines and the controls in the kinetic change of these parameters under stress conditions.

PBC-160

Optimization of Ultra High Pressure Extraction (UHPE) for Platycodi Radix Powder Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Yoon Je Chang 1*, Jong Jang Jo1, Chang Nam Kim 2, Byung Yong Kim 1, 1 Moo Yeol Baik 1 Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea, 2Department of Hotel Baking Technology, Hyejeon College, Hongseong, Korea Platycosides were major bioactive compounds in Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC. Optimum conditions of ultra high pressure extraction (UHPE) were evaluated for Platycodi radix powder using response surface methodology (RSM). Pressure (X1) and time (X2) were chosen as independent variables under the central composite design (CCD). UHPE of Platycodi radix powder was performed using 70% ethanol-water mixture (v/v) under different pressures (200-450 MPa) and times (5-15 min). Extraction effect was indicated as extraction yield (%, Y1) and crude saponin contents (mg/g, Y2). The optimum conditions of highest extraction yield and crude saponin content were obtained at 450MPa for 5min and 200MPa for 5min, respectively. Desirabilities were 0.949 and 0.8849, respectively. Extraction yield increased with increasing pressure regardless of extraction time. On the other hand, as pressure and time increased, crude saponin content varied insignificantly indicating that crude saponin was sufficiently extracted at relatively low pressure (200MPa). Compared with other extraction methods, UHPE took relatively low extraction time.

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Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

Bioactive MaterialsNatural product - PBM

PBM-1 PBM-3

Production of Resveratrol in Engineered Microorganism: Current State and Perspectives

Changhyun Roh* Radiation Research Division for Biotechnology, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Resveratrol is a growing scientific interest that enhances their healthrelated qualities in human. Resveratrol (3,5,4'-transhydroxystilbene) is one of the most widely studied representatives of the plant-produced polyphenols. It is well-known for its presence in red wine. As a component of grape skin (up to 0.1%), it is extracted,than combined with the colored anthocyanins, into red wine during fermentation. The health effect of red wine is believed to result from its high concentration of polyphenols, which include resveratrol. A number of researchers have reported the multiple beneficial effects of this molecule in humans, including anti-carcinogenic and low-density lipoproteins. In plants, resveratrol is produced as a branch from the Phenylpropanoid pathway. Here, we review the current status of resveratrol production technologyusing microbial systems as an alternative to extraction from plant or chemical synthesis. Thus, this system appears as attractive production alternatives for commercial production of these high-value chemicals. This issue provides golden opportunities forthe development of new methodologies and technologies in biosynthetic engineering that can be utilized in several other biosynthetic engineering projects related to natural product biosynthesis. [This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (grant no. 2011-0010634).

Acaricidal Changes by Introducing of Functional Radicals to AP Derivatives against House Dust and Stored Food Mites
Min-Gi Kim , Eun-Young Jeong , Joo-Won Suh , Chung-Ho Kim , 4 5 1 Sang-Hyun Lee , Jeong-Moon Kim , Hoi-Seon Lee * 1 Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea, 2 Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongi 3 University, Yongin 449-728 Republic of Korea, Department of Food and Nutrition, Seowon University, Cheongju 361-742, Republic of Korea, 4Department of Forest Environment Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic Korea, 5Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea Benzyl benzoate and DEET are synthetic acaricides used to control the house dust and stored food mites. Repeated use of these synthetic acaricides appears to cause resistance in the house dust and stored food mites. This study evaluated the acaricidal activities of AP and its derivatives for their potentials as natural acaricides using an impregnated fumigant bioassay against Dermatophagoides spp. and Tyrophagus putrescentiae. Based on the LD50 values of AP against D. farinae, 3-MAP (0.41 g/cm2) was 89.9 times more toxic than DEET (36.87 g/cm2), 2 2 followed by 4-MAP (0.52 g/cm ), 2-MAP (0.75 g/cm ), 2-H-5-MAP (1.03 g/cm2), 2-H-4-MAP (1.29 g/cm2), AP (1.48 g/cm2), 2-HAP (1.74 g/cm2), 2,5-DMAP (1.87 g/cm2), 2,4-DMAP (2.10 g/cm2) and benzyl 2 benzoate (9.92 g/cm ). In regard to structure-activity relationships between acaricidal activity and functional radicals (hydroxyl and methoxy groups) on the AP skeleton, a mono-methoxy group (2-,3-, and 4-MAP) on the AP skeleton was more toxic than the other groups (2,4- and 2,5-DMAP, 2- and 4-HAP, 2-H-4-MAP, 2-H-5-MAP, and 4-H-3-MAP). These results indicated that acaricidal activity against three mite species was changed with the introduction of functional radicals (hydroxyl and methoxy groups) onto the AP skeleton.(SRAA)
1 1 2 3

PBM-2

PBM-4

Potential of Hydroxyebastine and Terfenadine Alcohol to Inhibit the Human Cytochrome P450 2J2 Isoform
Kwang-Hyeon Liu *, Yune-Jung Yoon 1 College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, 2Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Trial Center, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan 614-735 Selective inhibitors of cytochrome P450 enzymes can be used to determine the relative contributions of these enzymes to xenobiotic metabolism. However, characterization of CYP2J2 in drug metabolism is more challenging because of the lack of selective, well-characterized inhibitors. Thus, the effects of hydroxyebastine, which has high affinity for recombinant CYP2J2, were studied to examine its selectivity. The IC50 value for hydroxyebastine in CYP2J2-mediated astemizole O-demethylation activity was lower than that of its structural analog, terfenadine alcohol. Terfenadine alcohol inhibited several other P450 activities, such as CYP2D6, more potently than CYP2J2, and is thus not suitable as a CYP2J2-selective inhibitor. The Kiof hydroxyebastine in CYP2J2- catalyzed astemizole O-demethylation was 0.45 M, and in tolbutamide hydroxylation (CYP2C9), S-mephenytoin hydroxylation (CYP2C19), and dextromethorphan Odemethylation (CYP2D6), it was 2.74, 10.22, and 3.83 M, respectively. The inhibitory potential for other P450 enzymes, such as CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2E1, and CYP3A, was negligible. Although hydroxyebastine was a relatively potent inhibitor of CYP2J2, it provided a selectivity of only >6-fold (CYP2J2 vs. other P450s). However, hydroxyebastine can serve as a relatively selective inhibitor of CYP2J2 and can be used to characterize the contribution of CYP2J2 to xenobiotic metabolism, because of the current lack of a more specific inhibitor.
1 2

Antioxidant Properities of SB-24 Isolated from Morus alba Fruits

Min-Gi Kim, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea The antioxidant activities of methanol extract obtained from Morus alba fruits were evaluated to the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6- sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation assay, and contents of total polyphenol and flavonoid. According to DPPH radical scavenging and ABTS radical cation activities at 250 g/mL, the methanol extract of M. alba fruits showed 77% and 89% activities. The contents of total polyphenol and flavonoid of the methanol extract of M. alba fruits contained approximately 43.4 mg/g and 2.5 mg/g, respectively. The antioxidant constituent of the methanol extract derived from M. alba fruits was isolated by various chromatography methods and identified as SB-24. Based on the IC50 values against DPPH radical scavenging and ABTS radical cation activities, the SB-24 had about 30 ppm and 19.9 ppm antioxidant activities, respectively. In conclusion, the SB-24 isolated from M. alba fruits could be useful as natural agents for the management of antioxidant.(SRAA)

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PBM-5

PBM-7

Acaricidal Activities of HSL-223 Isolated from Doscorea japonica Roots

Min-Gi Kim , Eun-Young Jeong , Sang-Hyun Lee , Jeong-Moon Kim , 4 5 1 Joo-Won Suh , Chung-Ho Kim , Hoi-Seon Lee * 1 Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Forest Environmental Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk 3 National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea, Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea, 4Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongi University, Yongin 449-728 Republic of Korea, 5 Department of Food and Nutrition, Seowon University, Cheongju 361-742, Republic of Korea The acaricidal activities of active component isolated from Doscorea japonica roots against Dermatophagoides farinae, D. pteronyssinus, and Tyrophagus putrescentiae were determined by impregnated fabric disk method and compared with that of the commercial benzyl benzoate and N, N-diethyl-m-toluamid (DEET). The acaricidal component of the D. japonica oil was isolated by silica gel column chromatography and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), and was identified as HSL-223 1 13 by EI-MS, H-NMR and C-NMR spectroscopy. Based on the LD50 2 values, the acaricidal activity of HSL-223 (1.29 g/cm ) against D. farinae was 7.7 and 28.6 times more toxic than that of benzyl benzoate (9.92 2 2 g/cm ) and DEET (36.87 g/cm ). Against D. pteronyssinus, the acaricidal 2 activity of HSL-223 (1.78 g/cm ) was 4.9 and10.1 times more effective 2 2 than that of benzyl benzoate (8.75 g/cm ) and DEET (17.93 g/cm ). In the case of T. putrescentiae, the acaricidal activity of HSL-223 (2.28 2 g/cm ) was 4.9 and 6.0 times more active than that of benzyl benzoate 2 2 (11.24 g/cm ) and DEET (13.58 g/cm ). These results indicate that HSL-223 is useful as a lead compound to development new agent for control of the house dust and stored food mites.(SRAA)
1 1 2 3

Antidiabetic Activities of Active Components Isolated from Triticum aestivum L. Sprouts

Eun-Yong Jeong, Ji-Yeon Yang, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea Antidiabetic activities of a water extract extracted from Triticum aestivum L. sprouts against -amylase and -glucosidase were examined. The bioactive compounds of the T. aestivum extracts were purified using bioassay-guided fractionation and various chromatography methods. The structures of aminobutyric acid and ferulic acid were determined on the basis of IR and NMR data. Aminobutyric acid and ferulic acid showed high inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 5.40.2 mM and 4.80.1 mM against amylase, respectively, and 2.20.4 mM and 1.20.3 mM against glucosidase. In the ferulic acid derivatives, the methoxy group on the hydroxycinnamic acid played important functions in the amylase and glucosidase inhibitory activities. Based on the IC50 values of nitritescavenging activity, ferulic acid (983.9 g/mL) was the most effective constituent, followed by aminobutyric acid (1824.2 g/mL), sinapic acid (3012.7 g/mL), and p-coumaric acid (4542.2 g/mL), respectively. Taken together, the findings of this study indicate that aminobutyric acid and ferulic acid could prove useful as preventative agents, and possibly therapeutic modalities for the treatment of metabolic diseases.(SRAA)

PBM-6

PBM-8

Antibacterial Activity of Naphthalin and Its Derivatives against Oral Bacteria

Ha-Yun Song, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea Dental caries and periodontal diseases were caused by oral bacteria. In present study, the antibacterial activity of active constituent derived from Magnolia liliflora oil was assessed against seven oral bacteria and compared with that of derivatives. Bioactive compound of M. liliflora was identified as naphthalin. Naphthalin showed strong (+++) growth-inhibitory activity against Actinomyces viscosus and Streptococcus salivarius, and exhibited moderate (++) or weak (+) growth-inhibitory activity against Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, P. gingivalis, S. mutans, S. sobrinus at 2.0 mg/disc. However, L. rhamnosus had no growth-inhibitory activity. Furthermore, some naphthalins derivatives (containing hydroxyl group) had the strong (+++) or moderate (++) growth-inhibitory activity against S. mutans, S. sobrinus, A. viscosus and S. salivariusat 2.0 mg/disc, respectively. However, naphthalin derivatives containing methyl group had no (-) growth-inhibiting activity against seven oral bacteria. Our results indicate that growth-inhibitory effects of naphthalin and its derivatives against oral bacteria are related to hydroxy group. Therefore, bioactive compounds of M. liliflora could be useful as a natural preventive agent.(SRAA)

Acaricidal Toxicity of 1,4-Benzoquinone from Pyrus ussuriensis Fruits against Stored Food Mites
Min-Gi Kim, Ji-Yeon Yang, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea The acaricidal toxicity of Pyrus ussuriensis fruits was evaluated against stored food mites (Tyrophagus putrescentiae) and compared with that of benzyl benzoate used to commercial acaricide. Based on the LD50 values, the ethyl acetate fraction derived from an aqueous extract of P. ussuriensis 2 fruits had the highest acaricidal toxicity (16.32 g/cm ) against T. putrescentiae. The acaricidal component of P. ussuriensis fruits was isolated by various chromatography methods andidentified as 1,4-benzoquinone. Compared with the LD50 values of 1,4-benzoquinone, its derivatives, and benzyl benzoate, in case of the fumigant bioassay, the acaricidal toxicity of 1,4-benzoquinone (1.98 g/cm2) was 5.9 times more active than that 2 of benzyl benzoate (11.69 g/cm ), followed by 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-1, 2 4-benzoquinone (3.29 g/cm ) and 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1, 4benzoquinone (5.03 g/cm2) against T. putrescentiae. In a filter paper 2 bioassay, the acaricidal toxicity of 1,4-benzoquinone (0.07 g/cm ) was 2 120.1 times more effective than that of benzyl benzoate (8.41 g/cm ), followed by 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (0.11 g/cm2) and 2 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (0.30 g/cm ) against T. putrescentiae. These results indicate that P. ussuriensis fruit-derived material and its derivatives have potential as new preventive agents for the control of stored food mites.(SRAA)

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Plenary Lecture

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Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBM-9

PBM-11

Acaricidal Activity of 2-Hydroxy-4-methylacetophenone Isolated from Angelicae koreana Roots and Structure-Activity Relationships
Eun-Young Jeong, Min-Seok Oh, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea The acaricidal activities of 2-hydroxy-4-methylacetophenone isolated from Angelica koreana roots and its derivatives against Dermatophagoides farinae, D. pteronyssinus and Tyrophagus putrescentiaewere examined by vapor phase and contact toxicity bioassays and then compared with those of commercial acaricides including benzyl benzoate and DEET. In 2 the vapor phase toxicity bioassay, 2-methylacetophenone (1.25 g/cm ) 2 was 29.58 times more toxic against D. farinae than DEET (36.98 g/cm ), followed by 3-methylacetophenone (1.26 g/cm2), 4-methylacetophenone 2 2 (1.29 g/cm ), 2-hydroxy-4-methylacetophenone (1.75 g/cm ), 2-hydroxy-5 2 2 -methylacetophenone (1.96 g/cm ), and benzyl benzoate (10.00 g/cm ). In the contact toxicity bioassay, 3-methylacetophenone (0.58 g/cm2) was 57.78 times more effective against D. farinae than DEET (20.13 2 2 g/cm ), followed by 2-methylacetophenone (0.64 g/cm ), 2-hydroxy-4 2 -methylacetophenone (0.76 g/cm ), 4-methylacetophenone (0.77 g/cm2), 2 2-hydroxy-5-methylacetophenone (1.16 g/cm ), and benzyl benzoate 2 (7.52 g/cm ). The acaricidal activities of 2-hydroxy-4- methylacetophenone derivatives against D. pteronyssinus and T. putrescentiae were similar to those against D. farinae. In the structure-activity relationships, the acaricidal activities of 2-hydroxy-4-methylacetophenone derivatives against the three mite species were changed with the introduction of functional radicals (hydroxyl and methyl groups) onto the acetophenone skeleton. (SRAA)

Toxicities of Insecticidal Constituent Isolated from Nepenthes ventricosa against Agricultural Insects
EunYoung Jeong, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea

The toxicities of insecticidal constituent derived from methanol extract of Nepenthes ventricosa against Tetranychus urticae, Planococcus citri and Liriomyza trifolii were evaluated by fumigant, leaf dipping, and leaf disk methods. The methanol extract of N. ventricosa had the potent insecticidal activities (+++) against T. urticae and P. citri, and the moderate insecticidal activity (++) against L. trifolii at 2,000 ppm. The methanol extract of N. ventricosa was successively divided with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water fractions, and the chloroform fraction exhibited the strong insecticidal activities against T. urticae, P. citri and L. trifolii. To isolate insecticidal constituent of chloroform fraction, various chromatography analyses (silica gel column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography) were performed. NC-2132 as active fraction was isolated. The structure of active constituent was 1 13 identified by EI-MS, H-NMR and C-NMR spectra. The NC-2132 at 500 ppm had the strong insecticidal activity (+++) against T. urticae and weak activities (+) against P. citri and L. trifolii. These results indicate that the insecticidal activity of N. ventricosa is attributed to NC-2132. Therefore, NC-2132 could be used for the biological management of the insects. (SRAA)

PBM-10

PBM-12

Contact and Fumigant Toxicities of 5-Hydroxynaphthoquinone Isolated from Caesalpinia sappan

Min-Gi Kim, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea The insecticidal activities of the methanol extracts derived from Caesalpinia sappan were evaluated against adults of Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch), using by direct contact and fumigant methods. At 20 mg dose, the methanol extract had the moderate (++) activity and weak (+) activity by direct contact and fumigant methods against maize weevil, respectively. Therefore, the methanol extract was sequentially separated into hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water fractions. Ethyl acetate fraction showed strong (+++) and weak (+) insecticidal activities at 10 mg, respectively. Insecticidal component of the ethyl acetate fraction was purified by silica gel column chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. The active SA-3324 was isolated successfully as a single peak and then the structure of SA-3324 was identified by 1 13 spectroscopic analysis including GC-MS, H, and C-NMR and characterized as 5HpNQ (5-Hydroxynaphthoquinone). 5HpNQ showed strong (+++) and moderate (++) insecticidal activities against maize weevil. Takentogether, these results indicate that 5HpNQ has potential for development as new preventive agents for control of maize weevil. Further research should be performed to the structure activity relationship of 5HpNQ and compared with its derivatives.(SRAA)

Influences of Organic Solvents and Solvent Dry Time of Contact and Fumigant Methods against Sitophilus zeamais
Eun-Young Jeong , Min-Gi Kim , Ju-Hyun Jeon , Jeong-Moon Kim , Sang-Hyun Lee 3, Hoi-Seon Lee 1* 1 Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea, 3Department of Forest Environmental Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea The objective of this study was to establish the economical and suitable routine bioassay system for natural insecticides against Sitophilus zeamais adults. In this study, we determined the influences of organic solvents, and solvent dry time of application methods (contact and fumigant). The organic solvents (acetone, acetonitrile, hexane, methanol, and methylene chloride) were screened for toxicity against S. zeamais adults in the laboratory condition. Methylene chloride gave the most toxicity to S. zeamais adults than the others (acetone, acetonitrile, hexane, and methanol). In the contact and fumigant methods, 10% acetone solution may be most suitable to natural insecticides because of its favorable solubility of compounds, lower toxicity to insects, and lower phytotoxicity. Moreover, 10 minutes for solvent dry time is good for the determination of stable insecticidal effect. These results could be used as standardization of bioassay system for natural insecticides. Further studies are required in order to standardization of various bioassays for natural insecticides.(SRAA)
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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PBM-13

PBM-15

Acaricidal Constituent Isolated from Periploca sepium Oil against Tyrophagus putrescentiae
Eun-Young Jeong, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea The acaricidal activity of major constituent from Periploca sepium oil was compared with those of benzyl benzoate and DEET against Tyrophagus putrescentiae. Based on the LD50 values, P. sepium oil (8.45 g/cm2) was highly active against T. putrescentiae. The active constituent of P. sepium was isolated by various chromatographic techniques and identified as 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde through 1H- and 13C-NMR. In comparison with synthetic acaricides, the acaricidal activity of 2-hydroxy-42 ethoxybenzaldehyde (0.94 g/cm ) against T. putrescentiae was 12.18and 31.20-fold greater than that of benzyl benzoate (11.45 g/cm2) and 2 DEET (29.33 g/cm ), respectively. To establish structure-activity relationships, the acaricidal activities of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde and its derivatives against T. putrescentiae were determined. On the basis of LD50 2 values, 4-methoxybenzaldehyde (0.48 g/cm ) was the most effective against T. putrescentiae, followed by 3-methoxybenzaldehyde (0.82 g/cm2), 2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (0.92 g/cm2), 2-methoxybenzaldehyde 2 2 (0.95 g/cm ), 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde (0.97 g/cm ), and 2-hydroxy-32 ethoxybenzaldehyde (2.35 g/cm ). Overall, these findings indicate that the introduction of a hydroxyl and/or methoxy group into the benzaldehyde backbone contributes to acaricidal activity. Therefore, 2-hydroxy-4ethoxybenzaldehyde and its derivatives have potential for use as control agents against T. putrescentiae. (SRAA)

Visual Preference of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) Adults to Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs)

Eun-Young Jeong, Min-Gi Kim, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea. The behavioral response of Sweet Potato Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), to four light-emitting diodes (LEDs) was tested at various intensity of a LED-equipped Y-maze chamber. These studies with diverse LEDs were maintained in the dark room at 27 0.5C and 60 5% relative humidity. Evaluated specific wavelengths were blue (470 10 nm), green (520 5 nm), red (625 10 nm), and yellow (590 5 nm). When a light intensity was fixed at 100 lx, the attraction rate of the green (94.4%) was the most effective to sweet potato whitefly than the dark phase, followed by yellow (78.9%), blue (71.1%) and red (60%), respectively. According to the change of lluminance intensity (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 lx), green LED showed the high potential activity under the 40 lux and 60 lux intensity. These results may be used as information for developing an eco-friendly insect pest control system. Further research needs to be performed to evaluate the behavioral responses to single and multiple LED sources in the field.(SRAA)

PBM-14

PBM-16

The Phototactic Behavior of Various Light Emitting Diode (LED) against the Adult Plutella xylostella
Eun-Young Jeong, Min-Gi Kim, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea To evaluate various light emitting diode (LED) as potential phototatic behavior for Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), we investigated the attractiveness of specific wavelengths and illuminance intensity. Evaluated specific wavelengths were blue (47010 nm), green (5205 nm), yellow (5905 nm), and red (62510 nm). When a light intensity was fixed at 100 lux, the attraction rate of the green (96.7%) was the most effective to P. xylostella than the dark phase, followed by yellow, blue, and red, respectively. According to the change of lluminance intensity (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 lux), green LED showed the high potential activity under the 40 lux and 60 luxintensity. Overall, these findings indicated that the eco-friendly LED lights could be a more effective substitute for the chemical free insect pest control system because of the various advantages. Further research needs to be performed to evaluate the phototatic behavioral responses to single and multiple LED sources in the field. SRAA)

Light Preference of High Power Light Emitting Diodes to Spodoptera exigua (Hbner)
Min-Gi Kim, Kyoung-Shik Cho, Hoi-Seon Lee* Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea This study was to evaluate the attraction effect of various colored high power light emitting diodes (HPLEDs) against Spodoptera exiguaadults. This test was examined by HPLEDs equipped chamber in the dark room condition against S. exigua. The study used HPLEDs were blue (470 nm), green (525 nm), yellow (598 nm), red (630 nm) and white (450~620 nm) light, and compared with fluorescent lamp (380-800 nm). The illuminance intensity was tested at 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 lux. Light exposure time was determined at 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 min in a test chamber. The all light treatments with the 40 lux intensity and the 60 min light exposure time attracted the significantly highest number of S. exigua. Based on the attraction rate in the optimal conditions, white HPLED (91.1%) was the most attractive against S. exigua, followed by green HPLED (88.9%), blue HPLED (81.8%), yellow HPLED (63.3%) and red HPLED (56.7%). In comparisons of HPLED and fluorescent lamp, the S. exigua preferred the white HPLED is more effective than fluorescent lamp (80.0%). These results suggest that white HPLED could be useful as a eco-friendly pest control system against S. exigua adults.(SRAA)

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Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBM-17

PBM-19

Astaxanthin Improves the Proliferative Capacity as Well as the Osteogenic and Adipogenic Differentiation Potential in Neural Stem Cells
Jeong-Hwan Kim , Hyun-Ju Kwon , Byung-Woo Kim , Soo-Wan 1,2,4 Nam * 1 Department of Biomaterial Control (BK21 Program), Dong-Eui University, 2 Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, 3 Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dong-Eui University, 4Department of Blue Bio Industry RIC, Dong-Eui University, Busan 614-714, Korea In the present study, the effect of astaxanthin on improvement of the proliferative capacity as well as the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential in neural stem cells (NSCs) was evaluated. Treatment of astaxanthin induced actives cell growth in a dose-dependent and timedependent manner. Results from a clonogenic assay clearly indicated that astaxanthin can actively stimulate proliferation of NSCs. Astaxanthininduced improvement in the proliferative capacity of NSCs resulted in overexpression of several proliferation-related proteins. Astaxanthininduced activation of PI3K and its downstream mediators, p-MEK, pERK, and p-Stat3 in NSCs resulted in subsequent induction of expression of proliferation-related transcription factors (Rex1, CDK1, and CDK2) and stemness genes (OCT4, SOX2, Nanog, and KLF4). Astaxanthin also improved the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential of NSCs. Astaxanthin-treated NSCs showed prominent calcium deposits and fat formation. These results were consistent with overexpression of osteogenesisrelated genes (osteonectin, RXR, and osteopontin) and adipogenesisrelated genes (AP and PPAR-g) after astaxanthin treatment. These findings clearly demonstrated that astaxanthin acts synergistically on the regulatory circuitry that controls proliferation and differentiation of NSCs.
1 1,3,4 1,3,4

Mercury Induces the Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase
Soo-Jung Kim , Hye-Jeong Park , Hwa-Jeong Shin , Jae-Ran Lee , Ji Soo 1 1 3 1 Kim , Hee Jin Ahn , In Soon Min , Hyung-Sun Youn * 1 Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan-Si, Chungnam 336-745, Korea, 2Department of Medical Science, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, 3 Asan-Si, Chungnam 336-745, Korea, Department of Healthcare Management, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan-Si, Chungnam 336-745, Korea Nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) is a transcription factor that mediates the inducible expression of a variety of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. NF-kB activation induces numerous pro-inflammatory gene products including cytokines, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The divalent heavy metal mercury has been used for thousands of years. Although mercury is clearly toxic to most mammalian organ systems, especially the immune system, exposure has still increased in some areas of the world. However, the underlying toxic mechanism is not clearly identified. Here, we report biochemical evidence that mercury alone induces NF-kB activation, resulting in the induced expression of COX-2 and iNOS. The results suggest that mercury can induce inflammatory diseases by lowering host defense. This poster presentation was financially supported by the Korea Ministry of Education, Science and Technology and Korea Foundation for the Advancement of Science & Creativity(Undergraduate Research Program) and SCH SE (Student Enterprise).
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PBM-18

PBM-20

Anti-inflammatory Effects of the Phytochemicals by the Modulation of the Innate Immunity

Hwa-Jeong Shin , Soo-Jung Kim , Hye-Jeong Park , Jae-Ran Lee , Ji Soo 2 2 3 2 Kim , Hee Jin Ahn , In Soon Min , Hyung-Sun Youn * 1 Department of Medical Science, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan-Si, Chungnam 336-745, Korea, 2Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan-Si, Chungnam 3 336-745, Korea, Department of Healthcare Management, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan-Si, Chungnam 336-745, Korea Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a key role in sensing microbial components and inducing innate immune responses that are essential for host defense against invading microbial pathogens leading to the activation of the adaptive immune responses. In general, TLRs have two major downstream signaling pathways; myeloid differential factor 88 (MyD88) and Toll/IL-1R domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-(TRIF) leading to the activation of NF-kB and IRF3. Numerous studies demonstrated that certain phytochemicals possessing anti-inflammatory effects inhibit NF-kB activation induced by various receptor agonists. However, the direct molecular targets for such anti-inflammatory phytochemicals are not fully identified. Therefore, we attempted to identify the molecular targets for resveratrol, (-)-epigallocatechin -3-gallate (EGCG), curcumin, cinnamaldehyde, 6-shogaol, isoliquiritigenin, and sulforaphane in TLR signaling pathways. Resveratrol, EGCG, 6-shogaol, and isoliquiritigenin inhibited TRIF-dependent pathway in the TLR3 and TLR4 signaling by targeting TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK1). In contrast, curcumin, cinnamonaldehyde, 6-shogaol, and isoliquiritgenin with a,b-unsaturated carbonyl groups, or sulforaphane with an isothiocyanate group, inhibitedLPS-induced dimerization of TLR4. Together, these results imply that TLRs and downstream signaling components are molecular targets for dietary phytochemicals to reduce TLRs-mediated chronic inflammation and consequent risks of chronic diseases. This study was financially supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2010-0023637).
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Anti-inflammatory Activity of Peel Extracts in Potato cv. Haryeong

Jung-Hwan Nam *, Jin-Cheol Jeong , Young-Ho Yoon , Su-Young Hong , Su-Jeong Kim 1, Yong-Ik Jin1, Young-Eun Park 1, So-Young An 1, Hyun-Sam Kim 1, Kyung-Tea Lee 2, Hee-Jhun Park 3 1 Highland Agricultre Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Pyeongchang 232-955, Korea., 2Department of pharmaceutical, College of Pharmacy, Kyung-Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea., 3Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Health Sciences, Sangji University, Wonju 220-702, Korea. Potatoes were first introduced outside the Andes region four centuries ago, and have become an integral part of much of the world's food. Potatoes were first introduced into Europe in the 16th century and Korea in the early 19th century. It is the world's fourth-largest crop, following rice, wheat, and maize. In the nutritional aspects, potatoes contain abundant vitamins and minerals, as well as an assortment of phytochemicals such as carotenoids and natural phenols. Chlorogenic acid constitutes up to 90% of potato natural phenols. Due to the high content of potato functional compounds, it has known that potatoes are effective in the prevention of various human diseases. Recently, potato Haryeongwas developed by RDA, and it has reported that they have a high-yield and dry matter content. Processing industry of potato generates high amounts of peel as a byproduct. It was reported as a good source of several beneficial functional ingredients including antioxidant effect. This study was conducted to enhance the utilization of the peel of Potato Haryeong. The anti-inflammatory effects on ethanol extract and its solvent fraction were also evaluated. The anti-inflammatory activities of Ethylacetate fraction was evaluated for inhibitory activities against lipopolysacchride(LPS) induced nitric oxide(NO) in RAW264.7 cell lines. The fraction inhibitory activity for tests with IC50 values showed in the ranges of 34.9g/ml. This result revealed that ethylacetate fraction of Haryeongs peel is expected to be good candidate for development into source of anti-inflammatory agent.
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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PBM-21

PBM-23

The Novel Anti-inflammatory Effects of (E)-Isopropyl 4-oxo-4-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-butenoate (IPOP) by the Modulation of Toll-like Receptor Signaling Pathways
Hwa-Jeong Shin , Soo-Jung Kim2, Hye-Jeong Park , Jae-Ran Lee , Ji Soo Kim 2, Hee Jin Ahn 2, Hyung-Sun Youn 2* 1 Department of Medical Science, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang 2 University, Asan-Si, Chungnam 336-745, Korea, Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan-Si, Chungnam 336-745, Korea Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in host defense by sensing invading microbial pathogens and initiating innate immune responses. In general, TLRs have two downstream signaling pathways, myeloid differential factor 88 (MyD88)-dependent and toll-interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter inducing interferon-b (TRIF)-dependent pathways. In advance, we synthesized fumaryl pyrrolidinone, (E)-isopropyl 4-oxo-4-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-butenoate (IPOP), which inhibits the activation of nuclear factor-B by suppressing the MyD88-dependent pathway of TLRs. However, the effect of IPOP is unknown about TRIF-dependent pathway, so we study the effect of IPOP on signal transduction via the TRIF-dependent pathway of TLRs. IPOP inhibited lipopolysaccharide- or polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid-induced interferon regulatory factor 3 activation, as well as interferon-inducible genes such as interferon inducible protein-10. These results demonstrate that the anti-inflammatory effects of IPOP are carried out via the modulation of TRIF-dependent signaling pathway of TLRs. Following are results of a study on the 'Human Resource Development Center for Economic Region Leading Industry' Project, supported by the Ministry of Education, Science & Technology (MEST) and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF).
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Wound Healing Effect of Bacterial Synthesized Cellulose from Citrus on Full Thickness Skin Defect in the Rat
Dae Hwan Park *, Sang-uk Park , Byung Kwon Lee , Mi-sun Kim , Kwan-kyu 2 2 1 1 Park , Woo-Jung Sung , Hyun-yeon Kim , Peter Chanwoo Kim , Jeong Su Shim 1, Yong Jig Lee 1, Seong Ho Kim 3, In Ho Kim 3 1 Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Daegu 2 Catholic University, Daegu, Korea, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu, Korea, 3Department of Food Science and Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 712-714, Korea Cellulose was a natural substance from plant or bacteria. We know that, especially, bacterial synthesized cellulose had wound healing effect. The aim of this study show wound healing effect of bacterial synthesized cellulose from citrus. Bacterial synthesized cellulose from citrus showed more decreased of wound size compared to vaseline gauze (33% versus 7.2% at wound after 28 days). The histologic findings reveal bacterial ? synthesized cellulose from citrus and Algisite M (Smith & Nephew, England) preceed the process of wound healing rather than vaseline gauze.(more rapid collagen deposition and neovascularization and reduced inflammation) Also, the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-1 were increased in the ? bacterial synthesized cellulose from citrus and Algisite M treated group compared with the vaseline gauze group at 7 day. In addition, VEGF and TGF-1 expression were decreased in the bacterial synthesized cellulose ? from citrus and Algisite M treated group at 14 day, however vaseline gauze group was not decreased at 14 day because of delayed wound healing process. Bacterial synthesized cellulose from citrus has wound healing effect. Therefore, we use these things; the wound was more healed and then no transformed to chronic wound. [This work was supported by a grant from the Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program (No. 20119102), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.] (SRAA)
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PBM-22

PBM-24

Production of Epitope Specific Antibody by Adjuvants Effect of Liposome-encapsulated Natural Phosphodiester CpG-DNA
Dongbum Kim 1, Sanghoon Kwon 1, Min Chul Park 1, Byoung Kwon Park 1, 2 1 Younghee Lee , Hyung-Joo Kwon * 1 Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Gangwondo 200-702, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea Immunostimulatory CpG-DNA targeting TLR9 is the most extensively evaluated as vaccine adjuvants. Previously, we have reported effective immunostimulatory natural phosphodiester CpG-DNA (PO-ODN) from chromosomal DNA sequences of M. bovis and E. coli. In this study, we showed that the binding of CpG-DNA to TLR9 is increased when CpGDNA is encapsulated in a phosphatidyl--oleoyl--palmitoyl ethanolamine (DOPE):cholesterol hemisuccinate (CHEMS) complex (Lipoplex(O)). We examined involvement of myeloid differentiation protein (MyD88) and NF-B activation in liposome-encapsulated CpG-DNA-induced IL-8 promoter activation. We also investigated that Lipoplex(O) surpassed other forms of liposome-encapsulated CpG-DNA in terms of the potency of protein antigen-specific IgG production and Th1-associated IgG2a production. Furthermore, We also screened B cell epitopes of envelope protein (E protein) of hepatitis C virus (HCV-E) and attachment glycoprotein G and fusion protein F of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV-G and HRSV-F) by immunization with complexes of several peptides and Lipoplex(O) without carriers. Therefore, Lipoplex(O) is a potentially applicable universal adjuvant for peptide-based epitope screening and antibody production.(SRAA)

Inhibitory Effects of Chalcones on the Clonogenicity of Ovarian Cancer Cells

Jiye Hyun 1, Soon Young Shin 2, Doseok Hwang 1, Geunhyeong Jo 1, Dongsoo 3 2 1 Koh , Young Han Lee , Yoongho Lim * 1 Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, 2Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, SMARTInstitute of Advanced Biomedical Science, RCTC, Konkuk University, Seoul 3 143-701, Korea, Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Womens University, Seoul 136-714, Korea Diagnosis of ovarian cancer is difficult at its early stages, so that it advances to later stages. Even though its exact cause is not known, its risk is high in women not to have been pregnant or to use postmenopausal estrogen have high risk and low in women to have more children or to have tubectomy. Chemotherapy and surgery are widely used for its treatment. To discover agents for chemotherapy, chalcone compounds were designed and synthezied. Their activties were tested using the clonogenicity of A2780 ovarian cancer cells. Based on in silico calculations using CoMSIA, the realtionships between the structural properties of chalcones and their clonogenicity were elucidated. Finally, the structure of a novel compound showing the better activity is proposed here. (SRAA)

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Plenary Lecture

Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBM-25

PBM-27

Effects of Flavonoids on the Release of -Hexosaminidase

Doseok Hwang , Joo Yeon Oh , Dong-Woon Kim , Dong-Ki Park , Hye-Jin Park1, Dongsoo Koh 3, Yoongho Lim 1* 1 Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 2 143-701, Korea, Swine science division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 330-801, Korea, 3Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Womens University, Seoul 136-714, Korea In allergic inflammatory disorder, mast cells play important roles in causing the pathogenesis of allergic reactions. This phenomenon occurs via the degranulation process, so that measurement of degranulation provides us information about mast cell activation as well as allergic reactions. During the degranulation process, because -hexosaminidase is released, it can be a marker to measure the degranulation. As a result, information about allergic inflammatory disorder can be known from the release of -hexosaminidase. It hydrolyzes the terminal N-acetyl-Dhexosamine and consists of three isozymes based on the combination of and subunits. Of them, subunit is necessary for its hydrolysis. Some flavonoids such as kaempferol and chrysin have been known to show inhibitory effects on the release of -hexosaminidase. They belong to flavone which has 4H-chromen-4-one moiety. We tested forty flavone derivatives and elucidated the relationships between their structures and the release of -hexosaminidase. (SRAA)
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The Relationship between Flavanone Derivatives and the Clonogenicity of HCT116 Cells
Jiye Hyun , Yoonkyung Woo , Soon Young Shin , Sung Dae Lee , Dongsoo 4 2 1 Koh , Young Han Lee , Yoongho Lim * 1 Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, 2Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, SMARTInstitute of Advanced Biomedical Science, RCTC, Konkuk University, Seoul 3 143-701, Korea, Swine science division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 330-801, Korea, 4Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Womens University, Seoul 136-714, Korea A trihydroxyflavanone, naringenin, shows various biological effects such as antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, and anti-viral activities. Taxifolin, a pentahydroxyflavanone, inhibits the production of lipopolysaccharideinduced prostaglandin E and the expressions of inflammatory mediators, and shows analgesic activity. Fustin, a tetrahydroxyflavanone, reduces beta-amyloid-induced learning impairment, theactivity of acetyl cholinesterase, and the gene expression induced by beta-amyloid, and shows a dose-independent anti-mutagenic activity. Pinocembrin, a dihydroxyflavanone, improves neurological deficits and the survival of Epilachna paenulata, soothes hippocampal neuronal loss, and increases the activity of heme oxygenase. Alpinetin, 7-hydroxy-5-methoxyflavanone, shows the cytotoxic activities against human cancer cells such as MCF7 and Caski cells. They all belong to flavanone which is a class of flavonoid with a C6-C3-C6 skeleton. Here, the C6-C3 of chroman-4-one and C6 of phenyl ring were connected to each other through a carbon-carbon single bond. Because chroman-4-one contains a chiral carbon, the structure of flavanone is flexible. The wide range of the flavanone bioactivity might be due to its chiral structure. (SRAA)
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PBM-26

PBM-28

NMR Data of 5,6-Benzoflavones and 7,8-Benzoflavones

Doseok Hwang , Geunhyeong Jo , Jiye Hyun , Sung Dae Lee , Dongsoo Koh , Yoongho Lim 1* 1 Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, 2Swine science division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 330-801, Korea, 3Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Womens University, Seoul 136-714, Korea 7,8-Benzoflavone is a potent in vitro inhibitor of cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) and an in vitro activator of CYP3A4. It was recently identified as one of the most potent inhibitors of the breast cancer resistance protein. 7,8-Benzoflavone is a known phytotoxin that can inhibit seed germination of many plant species. Root exudates from Acroptilon repens (Russian knapweed) were found to be phytotoxic and the phytotoxin in the exudate was identified as 7,8-benzoflavone. 5,6-Benzoflavone is also a phytotoxin. The former originated from plants, but the later was synthesized. They both belong to polyphenols and methoxylated derivatives can be prepared. In addition, many benzoflavone derivatives have been known. Since some derivatives were synthesized before the NMR instruments were developed, they were identified without NMR data. In this study, we synthesized six 7,8-benzoflvone derivatives and eight 5,6-benzoflavone derivatives. Of them, four were novel. The 1H NMR data for four of these compounds, 13 1 13 the C NMR data for two of them, and both H NMR data and C NMR data for one of them have been previously reported. Three of the derivatives were previously synthesized compounds, but NMR data on these compounds is currently available. Therefore, complete NMRdata on these 14 benzoflavone derivatives were acquired and compared the previously published data. The complete NMR data of the benzoflavone derivatives can be useful for the identification of newly isolated or synthesized derivatives. (SRAA)
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Inhibitory Effects of Isoflavones on the Clonogenicity of Human Colon Cancer Cells and Targeting CDK2
Jiye Hyun , Soon Young Shin , Doseok Hwang , Geunhyeong Jo , Dongsoo 3 2 1 Koh , Young Han Lee , Yoongho Lim * 1 Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, 2Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, SMARTInstitute of Advanced Biomedical Science, RCTC, Konkuk University, Seoul 1433 701, Korea, Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Womens University, Seoul 136-714, Korea Since the anti-cancer activities of isoflavone derivatives have rarely been reported, we examined the inhibitory effects of various derivatives on HCT116 colon cancer cells. Isoflavones containing hydroxy, methoxy, or chlorinated substituents showed good clonogenicity of HCT116 cells. From our previous results, it was known that methoxy groups have advantages in the cell permeability and stability, so that the same clonogenic assay for methoylated isoflavones was carried. In addition, in order to design novel isoflavanone derivativesthat inhibit clonogenicity of HCT116 cells, structure-activity relationships were examined. DE Lee et al (Carcinogenesis 32: 629) reported that hydroxyisoflavone inhibits HCT-116 human colon cancer cell by targeting cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) 2. Therefore, we performed in silico docking isoflavones used here for CDK2. As a result, structural condition to show good inhibitory activity on clonogenicity of HCT116 colon cancer cell was revealed. (SRAA)
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Inhibitory Effects of Hydroxy Benzaldehyde Derivatives in Cryptococcus neoformans

Ji Won Lee , Geun Hyoung Choi , Yeon-Ki Park , Su-Myeong Hong , 1 1 2 1 Geon-Jae Im , Oh-Kyung Kwon , Won Hee Jung , Jin Hyo Kim * 1 Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-857, Korea, 2Department of Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Korea In the present study, we characterize antifungal activities of hydroxy side-groups of benzaldehydes , which can specifically inhibit Cryptococcus neoformans and their antioxidant activities. As a results, 2,3-dihydroxy benzaldehyde (2) is the best inhibitor with a MIC of 8 g/mL, and 2,4-dihydroxy (3) and 2,3,4-trihydroxy (4) benzaldehydes also showed inhibition activity on 16 g/mL, 32 g/mL, respectively. Whereas 2-hydroxy benzaldehyde (1) was not showed inhibition activity on 128 g/mL. In addition, DPPH and ABTs radical scavenging activities of the studied compounds were determined in vitro. Some of the studied compounds (2 and 4) showed antioxidant activity on 1.67 g/mL (ABTs 2.74 g/mL) and 2.66 g/mL (ABTs 4.79 g/mL), respectively. Whereas compound 1 and 3 were lower than 50% or not antioxidant activity on 100 g/mL. There results suggest that these phenolics can be potent redox cyclers that inhibit microbial growth through disruption of cellular redox homeostasis and/or a antioxidant systems and hydroxyl group either reacts with enzyme active sites through the formation of hydrogen bonds or acts as a transmembrane carrier for monovalent cationsb. aKim et al. Annals of Clinical Microbiology b and Antimicrobials 2011, 10, 23 Daniel J. et al. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2005, 53, 1769
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Screening of Antifungal and Antioxidant Properties of Phenolic Derivatives aganst Cryptococcus neoformans
Jung-Im Kim , Ji Won Lee , Geun Hyoung Choi , Yeon-Ki Park , Su-Myeong 1 1 1 2 1 Hong , Geon-Jae Im , Oh-Kyung Kwon , Won Hee Jung , Jin Hyo Kim * 1 Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-857, Korea, 2Department of Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Korea Common phenolics found in edible plants, inhibit biosynthesis of mycotoxin and growth of various fungi, both filamentous and yeasts. The aim of the present study was to evaluate which structural elements of the phenolic molecule are responsible for its observed antifungal activity. MICs of vanillin (benzaldehyde analogs), its two direct structural analogues, and several other phenolic compounds (acid and amide) were determined in RPMI medium against Cryptococcus neoformans. As a results, Vanillin (1) and benzoic acids (4 and 5), benzamides (6 and 7) analogs exhibited no antifungal activity on 128 g/mL. On the other hand, 2-hydroxy-3methoxy benzaldehyde (2, o-Vanillin) and 3,4-dihydroxy benzaldehyde (3) of direct vanillin derivatives showed the MIC of 4 g/mL, 64g/mL, respectively. Regardless of their C-1 functional group, several compounds showed radical scavenging activity on the DPPH (2 - 5) and ABTs (1 - 4 and 7). In this study, no correlation was observed between the relative antifungal activity of the test compounds and antioxidant activity. And the presence of an aldehyde group has the greatest influence on its antifungal property.
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Flavonoids Inhibit TNF Induced NF-B

Jiye Hyun , Soon Young Shin , Yoonkyung Woo , Yeonjoong Yong , Dongsoo Koh 3, Young Han Lee 1, Yoongho Lim 2* 1 Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, SMART-Institute of Advanced 2 Biomedical Science, RCTC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, 3 Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Womens University, Seoul 136-714, Korea Plants produce flavonoids as secondary metabolites for UV protection, defense against pathogens, allelopathic agents, etc. In addition, they have also been used as drugs, flavoring agents, perfumes, and dyes. Their common structural feature is the C6-C3-C6 skeleton and they can be classified based on their structure. Flavone has a 2-phenyl-4H-chromen4-one moiety, isoflavone has a 3-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one moiety, and flavanone has a 2-phenyl-chroman-4-one moiety. For these compounds, the C6-C3-C6 skeleton consists of three rings, which are named the A, C, and B rings, respectively. Chalcone does not contain a C ring but the A and B rings are connected through an acrylaldehyde. Even though they have a similar skeleton, many different substituents can be attached to the rings. Gossypin, a hexahydroxyflavone, was shown to display anti-allergic activity in a rat mast cell-mediated allergy model. Naringenin, which is a trihydroxyflavanone, was reported to have osteogenic efficacy in small polar active fraction in Drynaria fortunei. Prunetin-4',5-dimethylether, which is an isoflavone,induces Bradyrhizobium group-specific nod gene expression. In addition, chalcone was reported to show anti-malarial activity. It has been known that small differences in the structure of flavonoids can cause large changes in their biological activities. To elucidate the flavonoid structure affecting the capacity to inhibit TNF -induced NF-B activation and to design the most ideal structure, the relationships between the structure of flavonoids such as flavone, flavanone, isoflavone, and chalcone, and their biological activities were studied here. (SRAA)
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Effects of Substituents on NMR Data of Naphthalenyl-phenyl-pyrazole

Doseok Hwang 1, Geunhyeong Jo1, Jiye Hyun 1, Dong-Woon Kim 2, Dongsoo 3 1 Koh , Yoongho Lim * 1 Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, 2Swine science division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan 330-801, Korea, 3Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Womens University, Seoul 136-714, Korea Monoamine oxidase hastwo isomers, A and B. They deaminate amine neurotransmitters and use FAD as a cofactor. The inhibitors of the former can be applied for cardioprotective agents, and those of the latter, for drugs of neurological disorders. Our previous study revealed thatchalcones inhibit both monoamine oxidases. To discover inhibitors showing selective inhibitory effects, naphthalenyl-phenyl-pyrazole derivatives were designed. 17 derivatives were synthesized. While they have naphthalenyl-phenyl- pyrazole moiety, benzo, phenyl, or hydroxyl groups were substituted. Here, we report effects of substituents on their NMR data. (SRAA)

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Significant Enhancement in Radical-scavenging Activity of Curcuminoids Conferred by Acetoxy Substituent at the Central Methylene Carbon
Mi Kyoung Kim, Jihoon Kang, Youhoon Chong* Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea. For a compound to be a radical-trapping antioxidant, the antioxidantderived radical must be sufficiently inert to molecular oxygen as this would generate harmful chain-propagating peroxyl radicals. Curcumin has a unique structure with phenolic hydroxyl group as well as -diketone moiety in the same molecule, both of which are able to donate electrons to free radicals. However, due to the reactivity toward molecular oxygen, the carbon-centered radical derived from b-diketone moiety do not serve as radical-trapping antioxidants. In this study, we reasoned that stabilization of the carbon-centered radical through substitution with an electronwithdrawing group would enhance the radical-scavenging antioxidative activity of the resulting curcuminoids. Thus, various substituents (methyl, allyl, methoxy, xanthate, and acetoxy) covering broad spectrum of the polar substituent effect were introduced to the central methylene position of both phenolic and non-phenolic curcuminoids. With the free phenolic hydroxyl groups present, the methylene-substituent did not exert significant effect on the antioxidant activity of the curcuminoids (EC50 = 23.230.3 M) with the exception of the acetoxy-substituted derivative (EC50 = 8.7 M) which showed more potent activity than curcumin (EC50 = 22.6 M). When substituted to the non-phenolic curcumin scaffold, however, the methylene-substituent enhanced antioxidant activity of the otherwise inactive curcuminoids in the increasing order of methyl < allyl < methoxy < xanthate << acetoxy, which is well correlated with the polar inductive effects of the substituents.

Potent Inhibition of Bacterial Neuraminidase Activity by Pterocarpans Isolated from the Roots of Lespedeza bicolor
Hyun Sim Woo , Dae Wook Kim , Young Bae Ryu , Ki Hun Park * 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea, 2Eco-Friendly Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea Bacterial neuraminidase has been highlighted as a key enzyme for pathogenic infection and sepsis. Six pterocarpans displaying significant levels of neuraminidase inhibitory activity were isolated from the root bark of Lespedeza bicolor. The isolated compounds were identified as three new pterocarpans (13) together with known compounds erythrabyssin II (4), lespebuergine G4 (5), and 1-methoxyerythrabyssin II (6). The new compounds were characterized as bicolosin A (1), bicolosin B (2), and bicolosin C (3). All compounds inhibited bacterial neuraminidase in a dose-dependent manner with significant inhibition (IC50 = 0.09 3.25 M). All neuraminidase inhibitors screened were found to exhibit noncompetitive kinetics. The three most potent neuraminidase inhibitors (1, 3 and 6) feature a methoxy substitution on C-1.
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One-step Production of a Biologically Active Novel Furan Fatty Acid from 7,10-Dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic Acid
Hak-Ryul Kim*, Hye-Ran Sohn, Ka-Yeon Back School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea 702-701 Furan fatty acids (F-acids) gain special attentions since they are known to play important roles in biological systems including human. Specifically F-acids are known to have strong antioxidant activity like radical scavenging activity. Although widely distributed in most biological systems, F-acids are trace components and their biosynthesis are complicated and quite different from sources. Based on biochemical study, they are considered to be an essential nutritional factor for mammals and should be provided through diet. Hence several studies reported chemical synthesis of furan fatty acids using chemical catalysts. However, chemical synthesis required complicated multistep. In this study we developed a simple one-step synthesis of a novel furan fatty acid 7,10-epoxy-octadeca-7, 9-dienoic acid (EODA) from a dihydroxyl fatty acid 7,10-dihydroxy-8(E)octadecenoic acid (DOD) by heat treatment. Structure of EODA was confirmed by GC/MS, NMR, FTIR analysis and maximum production o yield under the reaction conditions of at 90 C, 24 hour reached 80%. (SRAA)

Piperidine Iminosugars Displaying Competitive -Rhamnosidase Inhibition and Its Kinetic Mechanism
Hye Jin Kim , jung keun cho , jin hyo kim , ki hun park * 1 Divisionof Applied Life Science (BK21 program), IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea, 2Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences(NAAS), RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea -Rhamnosidase(E.C.3.2.1.40) hydrolases a terminal -L-rhamnose specifically and has been implicated in invasion process of pathogenic fungi, infection of bacteria by bacteriophages and metabolism of bacterial bioflim. The enantiomer of 1,6-dideoxynojirimycin (ent-1,6-dDNJ) 1 and (2S,3R)-2-hydroxymethylpiperidin-3-ol 5 transpire to show highly specific and potent inhibition against -rhamnosidase with Ki values of 4.2 and 16.6 M, respectively. The compounds 1 and 5 were synthesized starting from L-alanine and L-serine via ring closing metathesis and stereoselective hydroxylation. In kinetic studies, both compounds exhibited a competitive inhibition behavior. Interestingly, the compound 1 manifested simple reversible slow-binding inhibition with the following kinetic parameters: k3= 0.001168 M-1min-1, k4 = 0.00596 min-1, and Kiapp = 5.1 M.
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Antioxidative Capacity and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Effects of Polyphenols from Broussonetia papyrifera
Ji Hye Lee , Heung Joo Yuk , Hyung Won Ryu , Ki Hun Park * 1 Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program), IALS, GyeongSang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea, 2Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 580-185, Republic of Korea The antioxidative capacity and xanthine oxidase inhibitory effects of extracts and main polyphenolic compounds of Broussonetia papyrifera were studied in this work. The antioxidative capacity was evaluated by + DPPH, ABTS , superoxide radical scavenging activity, reducing power and xanthine oxidase assays. Among all fractions derived from the root bark extracts, the chloroform fraction exhibited the best antioxidant activity. Due to its potency, subsequent bioactivity-guided fractionation of the chloroform extract led to thirteen polyphenols. Of the polyphenolic compounds (1-13) showed a various activity. The IC50 values ranged from 9.9 to 252.8 M, 5.8 to 31.1 M, 115.7 to 489 M of TE/ml, 99.0 to 266.4 + mg/ml and 0.6 to 164.0 M in the DPPH, ABTS , superoxide radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and xanthine oxidase assays, respectively. Especially, compounds 1 and 3 displayed significant inhibitor against xanthine oxidase with IC50 values of 0.6 and 4.5M, respectively. In kinetic studies, both compounds acted xanthine oxidase with mixed type inhibition behavior.
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Microorganism Production of DHD by a Human Intestinal Microorganism

Sirirat Prasertwasu, Jaehong Han* Metalloenzyme Research Group and Department of Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 465-756, Korea Isoflavonoids, a secondary metabolite abundant in legumes, derived in the human diet mainly from soybeans and various soybean-based food products, exhibit important biological activities in the prevention of cancers, heart disease, menopausal symptoms and osteoporosis. Recent studies showed microbial biotransformation of these isoflavones in the human intestine is an essential prerequisite of the activities. The two major soy isoflavone glucosides, daidzin and genistin, are known to be poorly absorbed and less bioactive, as compared with their aglycones and biotransformed metabolites. It is reported daidzin is converted to S-equol, the most potent phytoestrogen, via dihydrodaidzein (DHD) by intestinal bacteria. This study investigated the DHD production conditions with a human intestinal bacterium, MRG-1, under various growth conditions, including substrate concentration, temperature, growth medium and medium scale.(SRAA)

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Polymethoxyflavones from Kaempferia parviflora (Krachaidum)

Natcha Wongsrikaew , Yong-ung Kim , Somi Kim Cho , Kanit Vichitphan , Jaehong Han 1* 1 Metalloenzyme Research Group and Department of Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 456-756, Korea, 2Department of Herbalpharmaceutical 3 Engineering, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 712-715, Korea, Faculty of Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea, 4Department of Biotechnology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand Kaempferia parviflora is a Thai herb in the Zingiberaceae family, locally known in Thai as Kra-Chai-Dum. The rhizome part of krachaidum is well known as a traditional folk medicine in the Southeast Asia. Because various polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) in krachaidum are proposed as active compounds, carbon dioxide supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was adopted for the selective and safe extraction method.The composition and efficiency of the krachaidum SFE extract were compared to the organic solvent extractions. Nine PMFs were isolated by flash column chromatography and the structures were characterized by NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Anti-cancer activity and inhibition of 5-reductase of each PMF were presented here. (SRAA)
1 2 3 4

High-performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Analysis of Nothapodytes foetida for Camptothecin: A Promising Anticancer Drug
Ajay Sharma, Kwang-Hyun Baek* School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University Plant tissue culture techniques are being popular because of their well known ability to enhance the content of secondary metabolites in plants. Nothapodytes foetida is an endangered camptothecin containing medicinal plant (family Icacinaceae). Camptothecin inhibits the replication of human immuno deficiency virus (HIV) and is also shown to be effective in the complete remission of lung, breast, uterine and cervical cancers. The molecular and cytotoxic effects of camptothecin on Plasmodium falciparum proventhat CPT is an interesting target for new anti-malarial drug development. Tissue culture grown callus of N. foetida was developed using 250 different media composition and the media composition were optimized. Methanolic extracts derived from the callus (MEC) and different parts of N. foetida were comparatively analyzed using a high performance thin layer chromatography method for the quantitation of camptothecin. Chloroform-ethylacetate-methanol (4:5:0.5 v/v) was used as the mobile phase. Methanolic extract of plant tissue culture grown callus of N. foetida with media composition, picloram + thidiazuron + gibberellic acid (1:1:4) showed higher percentage of camptothecin (5.74% w/v) than methanolic extract of fruits (3.56% w/w), leaves (1.56% w/w), stem (1.19% w/w) and root (1.11% w/w) of natural grown N. foetida.

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Screening for Antioxidant Activity of Plant Extracts

Jeung-Min Lee*, Young-Hee Kim, Jin-Young Hong, Chang-Wook Jo, Mi-Hwa Jung, Soo-Ji Kim, Jung-Eun Choi Conservation Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage, Munji-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-380, Korea This study was to examine the effect of antioxidant activity with methanol extracts from different parts (leaf, stem, xylem and back) of plants. Antioxidant activity of plant onto free radical generation was determined by measuring DPPH and ABTs radical scavenging activities in vitro. The antioxidant activity of methanol extracts from different parts of plants on the DPPH and ABTs radical was raised with increasing amount of extracts and methanol extract form stem and xylem of Taxus cuspidata showed the highest radical scavenging activities. Therefore, these results suggest that the methanol extract of Taxus cuspidata possess excellent antioxidant activities and thus it has great potential as a source for natural antioxidant.

Optimization of Ultra High Pressure Extraction (UHPE) for Puffed Ginseng

A Ram Lee *, Ah-Ra Cho , Byung-Yong Kim , Moo-Yeol Baik , Sung-Won 2 2 Choi , Nam-Yoon Hur 1 Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University,Yongin, Korea, 2Hotel and Culinary Arts Division, Osan University, Osan, Korea Ultra high pressure extraction (UHPE) is a novel technology that can be used as a non-thermal extraction of bioactive components. The objective of this study was to establish the optimum condition of ultra high pressure extraction (UHPE) for puffed ginseng. To determine optimum extraction conditions, response surface methodology (RSM) was used with two independent variables such as pressure and time. As pressure and time increased, extraction yield and crude saponin content increased. Especially, the treatment time greatly affected extraction yield and crude saponin. The optimum condition of extraction yield was determined at 446.46 MPa, for 14.84 min. Estimated data of extraction yield was shown 21.72 % with 1.000 of desirability. Also, optimum condition of crude saponin content was determined at 450 MPa for 15 min. Estimated data of crude saponin content was shown 12.90 mg/g with 0.700 of desirability. Verification data was determined as 22.671.23 %of extraction yield and 14.570.69 mg/g of crude saponin content, respectively. On the other hand, optimum condition of both extraction yield and crude saponin content were determined as 21.84% and 12.90 mg/g with 0.837 of desirability. Verification data was determined as 23.471.04 % of extraction yield and 14.570.69 mg/g of crude saponin content.
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Inclusion of Isoflavone Using , , -Cyclodextrins

Jae-Kyung Lee *, Yoon-Je Chang , Byung-Yong Kim , Moo-Yeol Baik , Do-Hyeon Jeong 2, Chang-Nam Kim 3 1 Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 2 Korea, Nuri and Development Center, Yonsei Engineering Research Park, Korea, 3 Department of Hotel Baking Technology, Hyejeon College, Hongseong, Korea has very poor water solubility due to their hydrophobic structure. They can form an inclusion complex with cyclodextrins. The water solubility of isoflavones can be enhanced if they are generating inclusion complex with cyclodextrins. The formation of 1:1 complex of isoflavone and cyclodextrin in solution increased the solubility and could be easily used as food ingredients. The objectives of this study were to establish the optimum extraction conditions of isoflavone from soybean chaff and to find the optimum inclusion conditions with three cyclodextrins (, , -cyclodextrins) using Response Surface Methodology. Isoflavone was extracted from soybean chaff at 50 for 2 hours using various concentration of ethanol (0, 30, 50 and 70%, v/v). The highest extraction yield was obtained at 70% (v/v) ethanol. HPLC analysis showed that majority of isoflavone from soybean chaff was glycons with very small amount of aglycons. For optimization of inclusion conditions, the highest inclusion capacity was obtained at 50 for 5hr with addition of 3ml extract in case of -cyclodextrin. On the other hand, -cyclodextrin showed the highest inclusion capacity at 30for 1hr with addition of 1ml extract. However, no inclusion of isoflavone was obtained in case of -cyclodextrin.
1 1 1 1

Phenylpropanoids from the Red Kohlrabi Sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes)
Jae-Woong Lee , Ji-Hae Park , Jin-Gyeong Cho , Nam-In Baek , Youn-Hyung Lee1* 1 Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Graduate School of Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea The interest in health has increased according to the well-being trend. As a symbol of health, eating habits have shifted from meat-eating culture in the past to a vegetable diet. Especially, baby vegetables have become popular because of its simple cultivation method without agrichemical usage. Baby vegetables do not mean specific cultivar, but seed leaves, young leaves or stems of the vegetables. Some studies have demonstrated that there are much more useful components in sprouts compared to fully-grown vegetables. In this experiment, red kohlrabi which originated from Europe and is novel to Korea is a family of Brassicaceae specialized from Cabbage. It is cultivated in Jeju Island and under test cultivation in Okcheon of Chungcheong Province, Korea. Only a few phytochemical studies on Kohlabi have been published; especially, there have been no researches on Kohlabi sprouts to date. The sprouts of Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes were extracted with 100% MeOH and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH and H2O, successively. From the n-BuOH fraction, three phenylpropanoids were isolated through the repeated silica gel and ODS column chromatographies. From the results of physico-chemical data including NMR, MS and IR, the chemical structures of the compounds were determined as 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl ester (2E)-2-Propenoic acid (1), (E)-5-(3-hydroxy-3-methoxyprop1-enyl) benzene-1,2,3-triol (2) and, 3-(4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl ester (2E)- 2-Propenoic acid (3). They were the first to be isolated from red kohlrabi sprouts. (SRAA)
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Isolation and Identification of Phenylpropanoid Glucosides from the Red Kohlrabi Sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes)
Jae-Woong Lee , Ji-Hae Park , Jin-Gyeong Cho , Nam-In Baek , 1 Youn-Hyung Lee * 1 Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Graduate School of Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Recent concern about human health has increased and has shifted diet patterns toward herbivorous diet but carnivorous diet. Especially, baby vegetables have become popular because of the simple method of cultivation without using agrichemical. Baby vegetables do not mean specific cultivar, but seed leaves, young leaves or stems of the vegetables. Some studies indicate that sprouts contain much more useful components than mature vegetables. Red kohlrabi, the target plant in this research, is a family of Brassicaceae specialized from Cabbage. Not only have only a fewphytochemical studies on Kohlabi been published, but also no researches on Kohlabi sprouts have been conducted at all. This research was focused on the isolation and identification of the phytochemicals from the red kohlrabi sprouts. The sprouts of Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes were extracted with 100% MeOH and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH and H2O, successively. From the n-BuOH fraction, four phenylpropanoid glucosides were isolated through the repeated silica gel and ODScolumn chromatographies. From the results of physico-chemical data including NMR, MS and IR, the isolated compounds were identified as phenylpropanoid glucosides. They were the first to be isolated from red kohlrabi sprouts. (SRAA)
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One-step Separation of Four Flavonoids from Rhus verniciflua by High Speed Counter-current Chromatography
Soon Jung Choi , Min Young Lee , Soon Sung Lim , Hyoung Jo , Sang Hoon 1 Jung * 1 Functional Food Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung Institute, Gangneung 210-340, Republic of Korea, 2Center for Efficacy Assessment and Development of Functional Foods and Drugs, Hallym University, 3 Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea High-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) was successively used for the separation of flavonoids from Rhus verniciflua (RV). The two-phase solvent system composed of hexane-ethyl acetate-methanolwater (3.5:5:3.5:5, v/v) was used for HSCCC. Dried ethanol extract (1.5 g) was separated by HSCCC, yielding 252.1 mg of peak I at a purity of over 93.09%, 51.2 mg of peak II at a purity of over 95.45%, 39.7 mg of peak III at a purity of over 95.17%, and 10.7 mg of peak IV over 95.01%. Their structures were identified by ESI-MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and 2D NMR, and were confirmed by direct comparison of spectral data from literature.
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Ursolic Acid Derivative as Inhibitor of Recombinant Human Aldose Reductase

Eun Ha Lee1, S. A. Popov2, Joo Young Lee1, A. V. Shpatov2, T. P. Kukina2, Suk Woo Kang 1, Cheol-Ho Pan 1, Byung Hun Um 1, Sang Hoon Jung 1* 1 Functional Food Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 679 Saimdang-ro, Gangneung 210-340, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea, 2Experimental Chemistry Department, Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation Aldose reductase (AR), the key enzyme in the polyol pathway, has been reported to play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Ursolic acid is known to exhibit antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and anti-diabetic activities. In an attempt to develop potent recombinant human AR(rhAR) inhibitor, structural modifications of ursolic acid were performed and their influence on the inhibitory effect was established. N-(3-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oyl)-4-aminobutyric acid (XV) showed most potent rhAR inhibitory activity in vitro. Inhibition mode of compound (XV) was tested uncompetitively by kinetic analysis using the Lineweaver-Burk plots. Ursolic acid derivative compound (XV) is able to inhibit rhAR uncompetitively and could be offered as a lead compound for AR inhibition.

Neuroprotective Effects of 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic Acid, Isolated from Gymnaster koraiensis against Oxidative Stress in vitro and in vivo
Kyung-A Kim , Kui Dong Kang , Eun Ha Lee , Chu Won Nho , Sang Hoon Jung1* 1 Functional Food Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) 2 Gangneung Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, The Catholic University of Korea To determine if the compound isolated from Gymnaster koraiensis has a neuroprotective effect against oxidative stress-induced cell death in vitro and in vivo. Pre-treatment of RGC-5 cells with the isolated compound, 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,5-DCQA), were reduced cell death caused by 300 M H2O2. Moreover, 3,5-DCQA reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and recovered depletion of glutathione level caused by various radical species such as H2O2, O2.-, OH. Expression of apoptotic protein and anti-oxidant protein levels were evaluated by western blot analysis. Anti-oxidant proteins decreased and apoptotic proteins were increased in RGC-5 cells treated with 300 M H2O2 alone. However, apoptotic proteins (PARP, AIF, cleaved caspase-3) were decreased and anti-oxidant proteins (Bcl-2, GPx-1, Catalase) were increased when treated with 3,5-DCQA. In addition, treatment of 3,5-DCQA inhibited lipid peroxidation caused by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in rat brain homogenates. From in vivo experiments, retinal damage was induced by intravitreous injection of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and 3,5-DCQA inhibited the thinning of the IPL andincreased TUNEL positive cells in the ganglion cell layer (GCL). Moreover, expression of anti-oxidant protein (SOD-1, GPx-1, Catalase) as down-regulation after NMDA-injection were significantly blunted by 3,5-DCQA injection by using western blot analysis. These results suggest that 3,5-DCQA isolated from G.koraiensis has protective effects against retina damage both in vitro and in vivo. (SRAA)
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Poster Session

PBM-49

PBM-51

Retrogradation Kinetics of Conventionally and UHP-assisted Dual-modified Cornstarches

Ah Ra Cho *, Sang-Kab Kim , Sung-Won Choi , Nam-Yoon Hur , 1 1 Byung-Yong Kim , Moo-Yeol Baik 1 Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea, 2Hotel and Culinary Arts Division, Osan University, Osan, Korea Retrogradation kinetics ofconventionally and UHP-assisted dual-modified (cross-linked with STMP/STPP and acetylated with acetic anhydride) corn starches were investigated. Conventionally dual-modified cornstarch was cross-linked at 45 oC for 3 hr and consecutively acetylated o at 45 C for 60 min under atmospheric pressure. UHP-assisted dualmodified cornstarch was cross-linked at 25oC for 15 min and then acetylated at 25 oC for 15 min under 400 MPa. Gelatinized starches were o stored at 4 C for 14 days. During storage, Tg and ice melting enthalpy were measured using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and relative crystallinity was measured using X-ray Diffractometer (XRD). both conventionally and UHP-assisted cross-linked corn starches, Tg and relative crystallinity increased significantly during first 5-7 days of storage and leveled-off thereafter, whereas, ice melting enthalpy decreased until 7-10 days of storage and consecutively leveled-off. No significant difference was observed between conventional and UHP-assisted crosslinking methods, but small difference was observed depending on measured physicochemical properties. Avrami exponents of all samples were closed to 1 (instantaneous nucleation followed by rod-like growth of crystal). UHP-assisted dual-modified cornstarch showed different retrogradation rate with conventionally cross-linked starch and native corn starch. Although Tg, ice melting enthalpy and relative crystallinity are different physicochemical properties, it is expected that all of them can be used as indicators for retrogrdation.(SRAA)
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Prophylactic Effect of Honeysuckle on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-induced Colitis Mice Model by Inhibition of Th1/Th17 Response
Yumi Bang , Jae-Woo Park *, Jinhyun Bae , Youngmin Bu 1 Department of internal medicine, College of Oriental medicine, Seoul, 130-701, 2 Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Seoul, 130-701 Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are the chronic intestinal inflammatory disorders. Recently, natural products have emerged to be the possible interventions for IBD. Honeysuckle flower, the flower of Lonicera japonica (LJ), is a well-known agent and has been used to treat various inflammatorydiseases. In the current study, we investigated the effects on colitis model induced by 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice. The water extract (LJE, 20, 100 and 500 mg/kg, p.o., bid for 7 days) was treated and the body weight, colon length and histological score were assessed to investigate the effects on colitis. Cytokine profiles were analyzed to investigate the effects on helper T cell-related responses. In addition, the + + + CD4 CD25 FoxP3 T cells were analyzed in in vivo and in vitro to investigate the effects on regulatory T (Treg) cell. LJE showed dosedependent inhibitory effects against colon shortening, weight loss and histological damages. It also down-regulated IL-1, TNF, IFN , IL-6, IL-12 and IL-17 productions. However, it did not show any effects on IL-10, IL-23, TGF 1 productions and Treg cell populations. In conclusion, LJE showed the protective effects against DSS-induced colitis by Th1/Th17 pathway and not by Treg-related mechanisms. Acknowledgments: This research was supported by BasicScience Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2011-0013837).
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PBM-50

PBM-52

Effects of Chlorogenic Acid on Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia Rat Model

Jinhyun Bae, Youngmin Bu* Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Seoul. 130-701 Coffee has been reported the preventive effects on ischemic stroke. The major effective compound of coffee is known to be chlorogenic acid (CGA) which is reported to have various effects on the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems. It is also the major compound in various natural products including blueberry and honeysuckle. We focused on vascular events in patho-physiology in stroke, because brain damage in ischemic stroke is come from vascular events. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo, 2 h of occlusion and 22 h ofreperfusion) rat model was used. Neurobehavioral deficit and infarct volume were assessed at 22 hour after MCAo. We measured brain water content (BWC) and Evans blue leakage at 24 h after MCAo. For mechanism study, we analyzed aquaporin 4 (AQP4), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and MMP-9 expression at 4 and 24 h after ischemia. CGA (3, 10, and 300 mg/kg, i.p.) administered at 0 and 2 h after ischemia reduced brain infarct, behavioral deficits, BWC and EB leakage, dose dependently. CGA inhibited MMP2 and 9 expressions at 24 h after ischemia and did not inhibit AQP4 expression. CGA might be effective in ischemic brain pathology by MMP 2 and 9 inhibitions in acute ischemia. Acknowledgments: This study was carried out with the support of "Specific Joint Agricultural Research-promoting Project (Code No. 20070101033050)," Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.

Aesculin Inhibits Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression via p38 Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase and Activator Protein 1 in Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 Cells
Hee-Jung Choi , Myungsoo Joo , Jaeho Cha , Ki-Tae Ha * 1 Division of Applied Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, 2 Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735 Expression of MMP-9 may contribute to the inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, hepatitis, atherosclerosis, and pulmonary fibrosis. Macrophages stimulated with LPS express MMP-9 through the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-B) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) signaling pathway. Aesculin, a 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin-6-O--glucopyranoside, is abundantly found in stem barks of Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance that belongs to the Oleaceae family, which is widely used for the treatment of diarrhea, leucorrhea, gout, and arthritis in Korea. In this study, we investigated the effects of aesculin on LPS-stimulated MMP-9 production and its regulatory mechanism by using the murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Aesculin did not have any significant cytotoxic effect on RAW264.7 cells up to 150 M in concentration. Secretion and expression levels of MMP-9 were highly elevated by LPS treatment, which was decreased by addition of aesculin in a dose dependent manner. However, gelatinolytic activity of MMP-9 was not decreased by aesculin. Luciferase activity assay shows that the inhibition of MMP-9 expression by aesculin was mediated by AP-1 rather than NF-B because aesculin inhibits p38 MAPK, which activates AP-1, but not JNK and ERK1/2. These results suggest that aesculin may be a potent therapeutic agent for inflammation.
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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PBM-53

PBM-55

The Aqueous Extract of Gleditsia sinesis Ameliorates Acute Lung Inflammation via Activation of Nrf2
Kyun Ha Kim , Min Jung Kwun , Jun-Young Choi , Chang Woo Han , Han-Sol 1 1 3 4 1 Jeong , Ki-Tae Ha , Sei-Ryang Oh , Jaeho Cha , Myungsoo Joo * 1 School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, 2Korean Medicine Hospital, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, 3Immune Modulator Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 4 Ochang 363-883, Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735 The fruit hull of Gleditsia sinesis (Leguminosae) has long been used as a traditional eastern Asian medicinal herb to treat various inflammatory medical conditions such as dyspnea, cough with phlegm, and sore throat. The herb has also been prescribed to treat subcutaneous pyogenic infections. Although it is highly likely that the therapeutic effect of this herb is associated with anti-inflammatory activity, the precise underlying mechanisms are largely unknown, which has hampered the proper usage of it as a prescription. Here we sought to determine the efficacy of this herb in regulation of inflammation and elucidate the possible underlying mechanisms for that. The aqueous extract of the fruit hull of Gleditsia sinesis (FGS) was prepared, and tested for the possibility that FGS exerts its effect by suppressing a well-documented pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-kB. Reporter assays and western blot analysis show no effect on NF-kB. Rather, FGS activated Nrf2, an anti-oxidant transcription factor that protects from various inflammatory diseases, and induced Nrf2regulated genes including GCLC, NQO-1 and HO-1 in RAW 26 4.7 cells. Mice that were pretreated with FGS showed significant attenuation of lung inflammation induced by intranasal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) compared to control mice treated with vehicle, suggesting the preventive effect of FGS against acute lung inflammation. These results demonstrate that the therapeutic effects of FGS are related with suppression of inflammation, which is, at least in part, mediated by activation of anti-inflammatory factor Nrf2.
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Dynamic Biofilm Formation of Escherichia coli JH81 at Low Temperature

Jeonghwan Jang , Yae-Seul Suh , Doris Y.W. Di , Hor-Gil Hur * 1 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea, 2International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea Escherichia coli JH81, which is isolated from the fresh water sample collected from Yeongsan River in October 2009, formed significantly higher amount of biofilm at low temperature below 25 oC compared to E. coli K12 (KCTC 1116) and the other E. coli starins obtained from Yeongsan River as well. Biofilm of E. coli JH81 is also distinguished from the one of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (KCTC 2695) which is well known to be pathogen forming biofilm on lung of people with the genetic disease cystic fibrosis. In this study, we examined the low temperature-dependent biofilm formation of E. coli JH81 on the intra- and interspecies level and discussed about the results from the study and future works on it. This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (MEST), and also by the Korea Environmental Technology & Industry Institute (KEITI) as the Next Generation Eco Innovation Technology Development Project.(SRAA)
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PBM-54

PBM-56

Glycosylation Confers Anti-inflammatory Activity to Aseculin

Kyun Ha Kim , Min Jung Kwun , Chang Woo Han , Hyunsu Park , Kyoung-Hwa Choi3, Ki-Tae Ha1, Myungsoo Joo 1, Jaeho Cha 3* 1 School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, 2 Korean Medicine Hospital, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, 3 Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735 Aesculin, a 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin-6-O--glucopyranoside, is abundantly found in stem barks of Fraxinus rhynchophylla and is widely used for the treatment of diarrhea, leucorrhea, gout, and arthritis in Korea. Possible anti-inflammatory activity has been ascribed to aesculin, but the efficacy is marginal and the precise underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Here we determine the efficacy of aesculin and explore the possibility that glycosylation of aseculin improves its efficacy in regulating inflammation. Glycosylation of aesculin was performed by using -glucosidase from hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga neapolitana. The enzyme was reacted with cellobiose and aesculin as a donor and an acceptor, respectively. Resultant product, G1-aesculin, was purified by HPLC and the chemical structure was determined as an aesculin-3-O--glucopyranoside. Reporter assays show that both aseculin and G1-aseculin had no impact on NF- B-driven transcriptional activity. However, unlike aseculin, G1-aseculin significantly activated Nrf2, an anti-oxidant transcription factor that protects from various inflammatory diseases, suggesting that glycosylation of aesculin enhances the potency of the anti-inflammatory activity of aseculin. Consistent with this, G1-aesculin suppressed acute lung inflammation in an acute lung injury mouse model compared to aseculin-treated mice, suggesting a possible therapeutic benefit of G1-aseculin. These results support the possibility that modifications of sugar residues improve the efficacy of a drug.
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Three-dimensional Molecular Field Analysis of a Series of Molecules as BVDV Inhibitors

Han-ha Chai*, Igsun Kim, Dajeong Lim, Junghyun Ahn, Mirim Park, Hwan-Hoo Seong Animal Genomics & Bioinformetics, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA The quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) of a set of arylazoenamines against BVDV NS5B polymerase was analyzed by molecular field analysis (MFA). MFA of these compounds evaluated effectively the energy between a probe and a molecular model at a series of points defined by a rectangular grid. Contour surface for the molecular fields are presented. This result will be provided to the substitutional requirements for favorable BVDV NS5B- candidate inhibitors and useful information in the characterization and differentiation of their binding site. The results may be useful in further designing molecule as novel anti-Pestivirus.

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PBM-57

PBM-59

Beneficial Effect of Gastrointestinal Digest of Haliotis Discus Hannai Intestinal on Osteoblastic Cell Differentiation
Minh Hong Thi Nguyen, Zhong-Ji Qian, Won-Kyo Jung* Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research & Education Center, Chosun University Osteoblast differentiation and bone formation are accompanied in bone health. Imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption lead to bone disease such as osteoporosis. Abalone is one of the important marine resources and has a high commercial value in the fishery industry. In this investigation, abalone intestines, one of the by-products of abalone processing, abalone intestine gastro-intestinal digests (AIGIDs) was used as bioactive substances for testing osteoblast differention and bone formation. Our results indicated that AIGIDs significantly increased activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), a phenotypic marker for earlystage of osteoblast differentiation, and amount of hydroxyapatite known as expression of mineralization processing. Interestingly, stimulation of AIGIDs had the positive effects on BMP expression and promoted osteoblast differentiation via MAPK pathway. The investigation may provide new insights in stimulating bone formation, contributing to regain balance of bone homeostasis for supplement in bone health.(SRAA)

Abalone Intestine Hydrolysates Inhibit LPS-induced Inducible NO Synthase Expression in Macrophages Cell via MAP Kinase Pathway
Phuong Hong Nguyen, Zhong-Ji Qian, Won-Kyo Jung* Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research & Education Center, Chosun University Abalone has been a valuable food and healthy diet for humans in the world. In this study, we investigated the gastrointestinal enzyme production of anti-inflammatory AIG (abalone intestine gastric digestion) prepared by pepsin hydrolysis and AIGID (abalone intestine gastrointestinal digestion) prepared by the subsequent trypsin and -chymotrypsin hydrolyses in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. The bio-accessibility of bioactive hydrolysates through gastrointestinal digestion may be crucial for their absorption and bioavailability. AIG and AIGID showed the reduction of NO overproduction stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW264.7 cells. Among of them, AIGID significantly diminished LPS-induced NO over-production and was considered for the next investigation as a target crucial agent against LPS-induced inflammatory responses. Continuously, AIGID significantly exhibited the inhibitory activity on inflammatory mediators of inducible enzyme of iNOS and pro-inflammatory cytokines of TNF-, IL-1, and IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, AIGID administration showed the significantly reduced effects of MAP kinases via the attenuation of the phosphorylated ERK-1/2 and p38 protein kinase expression in RAW264.7 cells. It could be suggested that the abalone (H. hannai) intestine gastrointestinal digests could be considered as a potential candidate for anti-inflammatory application and dedicate in functional food.(SRAA)

PBM-58

PBM-60

Protective Effects of the Compound Isolated from Alnus japonica on Oxidative Stress-induced Transformed Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGC-5)
Hyoung Jo , Min Young Lee , Soon Sung Lim , Soon Jung Choi , Sang Hoon Jung1* 1 Funtional food center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) 2 Gangneung Institute, 2 Center for Efficacy Assessment and Development of Functional Foods and Drugs, Hallym University, 3Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University This study was to determine whether hirsutenone isolated from Alnus japonica could attenuate oxidative stress-induced transformed retinal ganglion cells (RGC-5) death. We investigated the protective effect of A. japonica on l-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO) with glutamate for 24 h. Hirsutenone isolated from A. japonica significantly attenuated negative effects of BSO with glutamate to RGC-5 cells. Treatment of RGC-5 cells with hirsutenone caused by BSO with glutamate showed a significantly higher inhibition which was in a concentration dependent manner tested by propidium iodide (PI)/Hoechst 33342 double staining and MTT assay. Hirsutenone potently attenuated the lipid peroxidation of rat brain homogenates initiated by SNP. Moreover, hirsutenone protected the increase of apoptotic protein caused by BSO with glutamate by using western blot analysis. Applying NMDA to the retina affected the thickness of the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) produced a positive effect on ganglion cells. Importantly, hirsutenone protected the thinning of IPL and increased TUNEL positive cells in the ganglion cell layer (GCL). In conclusion, A. japonica has neuroprotective effects against retinal damage both in vitro and in vivo. (SRAA)
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Inhibition MMP-2 and MMP-9 Activity of Different Molecule Weight Fractions by Membrane System from Haliotis discus hannai in the HT1080 Cells
Van-Tinh Nguyen, Zhong-Ji Qian, Wong-Kyo Jung* Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research & Education Center, Chosun University Abalone Haliotis discus hannai is an important mariculture shellfish, their intestines system as bioactive substances. Abalone intestine gastrointestinal digests (AIGIDs) containing AIGID II (100 - 10 kDa) and AIGID III (10 - 5kDa) were isolated from abalone intestines system by an ultrafiltration system. MMPs play a fundamental role in invasion and metastasis of tumor. Among MMPs, MMP-2 and MMP-9 has demonstrated to play a major in the establishment of metastases and increasedinvasion of tumors. AIGID II and AIGID III exhibited the highest inhibitory effect on matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) activity in HT1080 cells assessed by gelatin zymography with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated expressions high level of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Abalone intestine gastro-intestinal digests extract was capable of inhibiting activity and expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein in human fibrosarcoma cell line (HT1080). In addition, AIGID II and AIGID III repressed the gene expression of p65, a part of nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-B) transcription factor. These dings support the suggestion that AIGID II and AIGID III may be a useful anti-invasive and a promising potential as valuable natural chemopreventive agents for rosarcoma metastasis. (SRAA)

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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PBM-61

PBM-63

Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Haliotis discus hannai in Macrophage Cells

Zhong-Ji Qian , Jun Sik Lee , Mi Eun Kim , Won-Kyo Jung * 1 Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research & Education Center, Chosun University, 2Department of Biology, College of Natural Science, Chosun University Abalone is a marine gastropod, which is one of important fishery and food industrial resources, massively maricultured in Asia, Africa, Australia, and America. However, health beneficial effects of the abalone have rarely been reported. In the present study, we examined that antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of abalone Haliotis discus hannai in macrophage cells. The results exhibited that abalone intestine digest (AID) has higher antioxidant activities against lipid peroxidation, ROS stress and DNA damage than those of abalone muscle digest (AMD) in H2O2-treated RAW264.7 macrophages.In the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages, AID suppresses LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) via inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in a dose-dependent manner. It also significantly reduced the generation of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-, IL-6. Furthermore, AID significantly suppresses phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) such as ERK, JNK, and p38. These results indicated that AID inhibits ROS and LPS-induced inflammatory response via blocking of MAPK signaling pathway in murine macrophages. Therefore, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of abalone might suggest possibility for functional foods and therapeutic substances. (SRAA)
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The Rapid Identification of Antioxidants of Salsola komarovii Extract by the HPLC Coupled to an On-line ABTS+ Based Assay and HPLC-ESI/MS
Hee Ju Lee, Cheol-Ho Pan, Chul Young Kim* Functional Food Center, KIST Gangneung Institute, Techno Valley, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 210-340, Korea Online HPLC-ABTS+ based assay system and HPLC-ESI/MS were developed to rapidly determine and identify the phenolic antioxidants in Salsola komarovii extracts. The extracts was separated by HPLC and the elute was mixed with a stabilized solution of ABTS+ radical scavenging detection system. The negative peaks, which indicated the antioxidant activity, were monitored by measuring the decrease in absorbance at 734 nm. HPLC-ESI/MS were used to identify the seven flavonoids and two phenolic amides in S. komarovii extracts. The antioxidant compounds were separated and identified as rutin, isoquercitrin, astragalin, and isorhametin.(SRAA)

PBM-62

PBM-64

Protective Effects of Fermented Marine Microalgae, Pavlova lutheri against Oxidative Stress in Macrophage Cells
Zhong-Ji Qian, Won-Kyo Jung* Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research & Education Center, Chosun University Microalgae are major primary producers of organic matters in aquatic environments through their photosynthetic activities. Fermented microalgae (Pavlova lutheri) preparation (FMP) is product of yeast fermentation of Hansenula polymorpha. It was tested for their antioxidant activities including lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity, free radicals scavenging activity, inhibition of reactive oxygen species on mouse macrophages, RAW264.7 cell and inhibited myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in human myeloid cells (HL60). FMP exhibited the highest antioxidant activity and inhibitory intracellular ROS such as hydroxyl and superoxide radicals. And MTT assay showed no cytotoxicity on mouse macrophages cell (RAW264.7), human myeloid cells (HL60) and human fetal lung fibroblast cell line (MRC-5). Further, the antioxidant mechanism of FMP was evaluated by protein expression levels of antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase and glutathione) using western blot. The results obtained in the present study indicated that the FMP is a potential source of natural antioxidant. (SRAA)

Protective Effect of Momordica charantia from Nitric Oxide-induced Inflammation

Seung Mi Sin , So-Youn Mok , Sanghyun Lee , Kye Man Cho , Eun Ju Cho *, 3 Hyun Young Kim * 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea, 2Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, 3 Anseong 456-756, Korea, Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Korea This study was focused on the evaluation of anti-inflammatory effect of Momordica charantia L..This plantwas extracted with MeOH and then fractionated into 4 fractions, EtOAc, BuOH, MC and Hx. Among the extract and fractions, BuOH fraction exerted the strongest scavenging activity of nitric oxide (NO). In addition, under NO-induced cellular inflammatory system using RAW 264.7 macrophage cell, the extract and fractions scavenged NO generated by both toxin, such as exotoxinnitroprusside) and endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide andinterferon- gamma). In particular, the treatment of BuOH fraction from Momordica charantia showed the highest protective effect from NO-induced inflammation, through elevation of cell viability and inhibition of NO production. These results indicated that Momordica charantia L.has protective activity against oxidative damage induced by free radicals and the BuOH fraction contains active compounds with protective role from inflammation. The present study suggest that Momordica charantia would have the protective role against NO-induced inflammation. *Acknowledgment : This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2010-0005480).
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PBM-65

PBM-67

Regulation of Allergic Reaction by Using Traditional Korean Medicine Theory

Hyung-Min Kim *, Na-Ra Han , Phil-Dong Moon , Sun-Young Nam , 1 2 Young-Sick Kim , Hyun-Ja Jeong 1 Department of Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 2Biochip Research Center, Hoseo University Digestive tract disease is closely associated with allergic reaction. To study the traditional Korean medicine (TKM) theory-based regulatory allergic reaction, we investigated whether Pyeongwee-San (KMP6), a TKM, which has been used for the treatment of digestive tract disease could have anti-atopic dermatitis (AD) effect on 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. The administration of KMP6 inhibited the scratching number in DNFB -induced AD model. The mRNA expressions of IL-4, IFN-, TNF-, and CCR3 were significantly reduced by KMP6. The levels of IgE, histamine, and IL-4 were significantly reduced by KMP6 in serum of DNFB-induced AD model. KMP6 significantly decreased the productions of IL-4, IFN-, and TNF- in anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28 antibodies-stimulated splenocytes. Futhermore, KMP6 inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic reaction and ear swelling response as well as histamine release, intracellular calcium level, and tryptase release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs). KMP6 inhibited the activity and expression of HDC from stimulated human mast cell line cells. In addition, KMP6 inhibited Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction induced by anti-DNP IgE as well as the levels of IgE, IL-6, and TNF- in serum from mice under PCA. Therefore, KMP6 may be a potential therapeutic agent for AD and allergic reaction besides just a medicine for the stomach and bowels.
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Effect of Antioxidant and Physiological Activities of Extracts from Castanea crenata Inner Shell
Gap- Seon Kim , Seung- A Lee , Gi-Dong Lee , Jin-Tae Lee , 3 2 2 Soon-Ju Cheon , Hyo-Gwon Im , Dae-Jun Kwoen * 1 Department Faculty of Environmental studies, Keimyung University, Daegu 704-701, Korea, 2Department Biohealth Convergence Center, Daegu Techonopark, 3 Daegu 704-801, Korea, Department Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Hanny University, Gyonsan 712-715, Korea This is study was carried out to compare the antioxidant activities and function for physiological activity of ethanol, water extract from Castanea crenata Inner Shell.Chestnut inner shell, which had been extracted, concentrated, and freeze drying with water and ethanol, have been used for the experiment. The effects on electronic donating ability, ABTS radical scavenging assay, Xanthine oxidase inhibition, nitric oxide inhibition have been investigated in the physiological activity measurement of function experiment. The content of total phenol compound of ethanol extract was 144.02mg/L higher than water extraction was 108.21mg/L, respectively. The content of total flavonoid compound of Ethanol and water extract was 37.43mg/L, 18.54mg/L Under themal oxidation conditions, the ehanol extract showed stronger antioxidant activity than water extract. In the anti-inflammatory test, the water extract and ethanol extract inhibitied the generation of nitric oxide. These results indicated that extract of Castanea crenata Inner Shell can be used as a natural ingredients with biological function.
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PBM-66

PBM-68

Protective Role of Tartary Buckwheat from A 25-35-induced Cognition Impairment

Ji Yeon Choi , Hae Song Lee , Jeong Min Lee , Young-Ho Yoon , Eun Ju Cho *, Sanghyun Lee2* 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea, 2Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, 3 Anseong 456-756, Korea, Highland Agriculture Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science, Pyeongchang 232-955, Korea Alzheimers disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disorder in elderly, is characterized by progressive memory deficits, cognitive impairment and personality changes. Under amyloid-beta25-35 (A25-35)induced AD model, the protective effects of extract from tartary buckwheat was investigated. The damage of recognition ability injected A25-35 into brain was found under T-maze test, object recognition test and Morris water maze test. However, the results on behavior tests under AD model using ICR mouse. Showed that the oral administration of tartary buckwheat extract (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight/day for 7 days) after A injection improved impairments of cognition and memory function. Furthermore, the groups administered tartary buckwheat extract inhibited significantly and dose-dependently lipid peroxidation and NO production in tissue elevated by injection of A25-35. The present study indicated that administration of tartary buckwheat played the protective role from memory deficits and cognition impairment caused from A25-35-induced AD. *Acknowledgments : This research was supported by Rural Development Administration Research Grant (PJ007799) in 2010.
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Purple Bamboo-salt Prevents Apoptosis of Auditory Hair Cell through the Blockade of Caspase-1 Activation
Hyun-Ja Jeong , Hyung-Min Kim * 1 Biochip Research Center, Hoseo University, 2Department of Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University Cisplatin is a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent but with significant ototoxic side effects. Apoptosis is an important mechanism of cochlear hair cell loss following exposure to an ototoxic level of cisplatin. The present study investigated the effects of purple bamboo-salt (BS) on cisplatin-induced apoptosis. We demonstrated that apoptosis induced by cisplatin was inhibited by treatment with BS in a dose-dependent manner. Activation of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 was observed within cisplatin-treated HEI-OC1 cells. BS inhibited the activation of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9. BS also inhibited the release of cytochrome c and translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor. BS inhibited the cisplatinnduced reactive oxygen species production. Lastly, BS suppressed the cisplatin-induced caspase-1 activation. In conclusion, these findings show that BS blockage of a critical step in apoptosis may be useful strategy to prevent harmful side effects of cisplatin ototoxicity in patients undergoing chemotherapy.
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PBM-69

PBM-71

Alleviation of Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms by Ikwi-tang

Hyun-A Oh , Kyu-Yeob Kim , Se-Eun Jin , Phil-Dong Moon , Hyun-Ja Jeong 2, Hyung-Min Kim 1* 1 Department of Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee 2 University, Seoul,130-701, Republic of Korea, Biochip Research Center, Hoseo University, 165, Sechul-ri, Baebang-myun, Asan, Chungnam, 336-795, Republic of Korea Ikwi-tang (IW) is Korean medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorder. IW consists of Liriopis Tuber, Rehmanniae Radix, Adenophorae Radix, Polygonati odorati Rhizoma, and Sacchrum Glacialis herbs. Chelidonic acid (CA) is a major component of the Rehmanniae Radix. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of IW in the ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized allergic rhinitis (AR) model. IW and CA significantly decreased the number of nasal/ear rubs and increment of IgE levels in the AR mice. The level of interferon- was enhanced while the level of IL-4 was reduced on the spleen tissue of the IW or CA-administered AR mice. Expressions of IL-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 were inhibited by IW or CA administration in the nasal mucosa tissues. Infiltration of eosinophils and mast cells was decreased in the IW or CA-administered AR mice. We thus identified the new effect of IW. (SRAA)
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Glass Transition and Freeze-thaw Stability of Ultra High Pressure-assisted Hydroxypropylated Corn Starch
Suntitham Chotipratoom*, Byung-Yong Kim, Moo-Yeol Baik Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in, Korea Effect of ultra high pressure (UHP) on glass transition and freeze-thaw stability properties of hydroxypropylated corn starch with propylene oxide (PO) was investigated. For hydroxypropylated sample, cornstarch was hydroxypropylated with PO (4, 8, 12%, v/w) at 100, 200, 300, and 400MPa for 15 min. UHP-assisted hydroxypropylated cornstarch was stored at 4 C for 1-14 days for glass transition and at 20 C for 5 cycles for freeze-thaw stability. Glass transition temperature and freeze-thaw stability of UHP-assisted hydroxypropylated cornstarch showed different pattern compared to native and conventionally hydroxypropylated cornstarches. Degree of propylene oxide and level of ultra high pressure greatly influenced both glass transition temperature and freeze-thaw stability. The highest freeze-thaw stability was observed in UHP-assisted hydroxypropylated cornstarch with 12% PO at 400 MPa for15 min. Moreover, higher pressure and PO level lowered glass transition temperature. The increase of freezethaw stability and decrease of glass transition temperature of UHP-assisted hydroxypropylated starch may be due to the strong hydroxypropyl group and reinforcement of hydrogen bond in the granule of starch.

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Isolation and Purification of Antimicrobial Material from Jellyfish, Nemopilema nomurai

Ho sung Moon 1, Moon-Hee Lee1, Na Young Yoon1, Doo-Seog Lee1, Ho Dong 1 2 2 1 Yoon , Jung-Kil Seo , Nam Gyu Park , Yeon-kye Kim * 1 Food and Safety Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, 2 Department of Biotechnology, college of Fisheries Science, Pukyong National University An antimicrobial material was purified from acidified whole body extract of the jellyfish, Nemopilema nomurai, by using C18 reversed phase and cation-exchange high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The whole body extract and the purified compound (JAP-1) showed potent antimicrobial activities against a wide range of microorganisms including Escherichia coli D31, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus iniae and Candida albicans, without significant hemolytic activity. Treatment of JAP-1 with trypsin completely abolished all antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, suggesting that the JAP-1 would be a proteinaceous antibiotics. The molecular weight of the JAP-1 was elucidated as 680.10 Da by MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy.

Oligonol Improives the Abilities of Memory and Cognition under A25-35-induced Alzheimer's Model
Yoon Young Choi , Takahiro Maeda , Hajime Fujii , Takako Yokozawa , Hyun Young Kim 4, Eun Ju Cho1* 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea, 2Amino Up Chemical Co., Ltd, 363-32 Shin-ei, Kiyota-ku, Sapporo 3 004-0839, Japan, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan, 4Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Korea The protective effect of Oligonol, a low-molecular polyphenol derived from lychee fruit, against amyloid beta25-35 (A25-35)-induced memory impairment was investigated under in vivo Alzheimer's model. The aggregation of A25-35 was induced by incubation at 37 for 3 days before injection into brain (5 nmol/mouse) and then Oligonol was orally administered at 100200 mg/kg body weight for 2 weeks. The memory and cognition abilities were observed by the tests of T-maze, object recognition and Morris water maze. The group injected with A25-35 showed impairments of recognition and memory ability. However, the abilities of novel object recognition and new route awareness were improved by the administration of Oligonol as oral dose-dependent manner. In addition, the results on Morris water maze test indicated that Oligonol exerted the protective activity against cognitive impairment induced by A25-35. The present results suggest that Oligonol improvesA25-35-induced memory deficit and cognition impairment.
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PBM-75

Preventive Effects of Herbal Medicines on Carotid Artery Thrombosis Model in a Rat

Won Kyung Jeon *, In Sun Lee , Hyung-Won Kang , Yeoung-Su Lyu , 1 Eun-Jung Heo 1 Creative Research Laboratory, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 483 Expo-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-811, Korea, 2Dept. of Neuropsychiatry, College of Oriental Medicine, Won-Kwang University, Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea Certain herbal medicines show promise as agents for preventing atherosclerotic diseases, such as myocardial and cerebral infarction. These herbal medicines have been commonly used in Asia including Korea, China and Japan. The aim of this study is examine the preventive effects of high frequency herbal medicines for alleviation of dementia symptoms related cerebral infarction on carotid artery thrombosis in a rat model. We tested the effects of 9 kinds of herbal medicines on time to occlusion (TTO) in thrombosis model by induced FeCl3 using the laser Doppler flow meter and accessed thrombus weight (TW) inhibition and measured collagen fibres in the vessel after injury using Massons trichrome stain. Among them, Chongmyeongtang (100 mg/kg, i.p.), LMK02 (100 mg/kg, i.p.) and Sokmyoungtang (100 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly delayed TTO (14.67 0.82, 14.17 1.72 and 13.17 1.33 min, respectively, p<0.01) compare to vehicle control group (8.52 1.47 min). In addition, Chongmyeongtang, Hwangyounheadoktang, and LMK02 showed a significant inhibiting effect on TW with 0.610.05, 0.670.01, 0.670.02 mg/mm, respectively. These results show that Chongmyeongtang and LMK02 water extract are most efficacious on anti-thrombotic activity.
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Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Duchesnea chrysantha Extract

Seon Il Jang*, Deok Jaae Lee, In Hwa Jeon, Hyeon Soo Kim, Il Young Cho School of Alternative Medicine & Health Science, College of Alternative Medicine, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Korea Oxidative stress has been implicated in cutaneous damage in various inflammatory skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis. The present study was undertaken to investigate the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of the extract of Duchesnea chrysantha (DCE). DCE significantly increased electron donating ability (DPPH), nitrite scavenging (NO), ABTS reducing activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities in dose dependant. DCE also showed high levels of total flavonoid and polyphenol. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of DCE on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. DCE significantly suppressed NO and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in dose dependant. These results suggest that DCE may has value as natural product with its high quality funtional components, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities.

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PBM-76

The Increase in the Content of Maysin and Maysin Derivatives from Centipedegrass by Various Stresses
Eun Mi Lee , Seung Sik Lee , Sung Hyun Hong , Jae-Young Cho , In-Chul Lee 3, Byung Yeoup Chung 1* 1 Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 2 Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea, Department of Bioenvironmental Chemisty, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea, 3Senior Industry Cluster Agency, Youngdong University, Chungbuk 370-701, Republic of Korea The red leaves of centipedegrass have much stronger antibiotic effects than green leaves. Therefore, the aim of stress treatment was making red leaves from green. Green leaves ofcentipedegrass were effectively turned into a red color by various stresses. The content of luteolin was increased about 1.3, 1.6, and 2.0 times by gamma irradiation, UV-B irradiation, and wounding, respectively. Isoorientin was detected predominantly redleaves and it was increased about 2.2 and 2.9 times by UV-B irradiation and wounding, respectively. The contents of mixed rhamnosylisoorientin and orientin were increased 1.6 and 2.4 times UV-B irradiation and wounding, respectively. By gamma irradiation,the contents of isoorientin and mixed rhamnosylisoorientin and orientin were similar to red leaf. The contents of derhamnosylmaysin were significantly increased 3.5, 4.2 and 6.8 times by gamma irradiation, UV-B irradiation, and wounding, respectively. The contents of maysin were increased 1.6, 1.2, and 1.7 times by gamma irradiation, UV-B irradiation, and wounding, respectively. The last, the contents of luteolin-6-C-boivinopyranoside were increased 2.1, 3.4, 5.6 times by gamma irradiation, UV-B irradiation, and wounding, respectively and derhamnosylmaysin and luteolin-6-C-boivinopyranoside were maximally increased by wounding. According to the results, wounding and gamma irradiation were promising methods for increasing the contents of maysin and maysin derivatives.(SRAA)
1 1 1 2

Combination Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide and Gamma Ray on the Generation of Quercertin from Cyanidin-3-O-Xylosylrutinoside
Seung Sik Lee , Eun Mi Lee , Sung Hyun Hong , Sang-Ho Yoo , Jae-Young Cho 3, In Chul Lee 4, Byung Yeoup Chung 1* 1 Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research 2 Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea, Department of Food Science & Technology and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea, 3Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University,, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea, 4Senior Industry Cluster Agency, Youngdong University, Chungbuk 370-701, Republic of Korea We previously reported that cyanidin-3-O-xylosylrutinoside (cya-3-O-xylrut), a major pigment in Schizandra chinensis Baillon, was effectively removed by gamma irradiation of greater than 2 kGy, whereas quercetin could be generated by degradation of cya-3-O-xylrut. In the present study, we investigated the effect of combination treatment of gamma ray and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the formation of quercetin through the degradation of cya-3-O-xylrut. Cya-3-O-xylrut was significantly degraded (~93%) by gamma irradiation at 2 kGy and it was completely removed by a combination treatment (0.2% H2O2 and 2 kGy gamma ray). The formation of quercetin was significantly appeared at 2 kGy of gamma ray, together with disappearance of cya-3-O-xylrut. The quercetin formation by gamma ray is 3.2 g/ml and combination treatment is 7.7 g/ml. Therefore, the combination treatment of H2O2 and gamma ray is more effective to convert cya-3-O-xylrut into quercetin than gamma irradiation only. In conclusion, gamma ray combined with H2O2 would be a promising tool for bio-conversion of organic compounds.
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PBM-77

PBM-79

Effects of Divided- and Single Irradiation of Electron Beam on Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Bioethanol Production
Byung Yeoup Chung *, Jae Taek Lee , Seung Sik Lee , Jae-Young Cho 1 Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea Wheat straws were exposed to electron beam, ranged from 0 to 100 kGy, and we focused on the effect of dividedirradiation (25 kGy x 4 times) vs. single irradiation (100 kGy) on enzymatic hydrolysis for bioethanol production. The yields of reducing sugars such as glucose and xylose after divided irradiation (51.1%) is negligibly changed from the control (40.9%), however, in case of single irradiation, the yields of reducing sugars obviously increased from 40.9 to 74.9%. This would be due to bombardment with electrons or reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by electron beam hydrolysis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that the crystallinity was slightly decreased from 43.0% in the control to 38.8% in divided irradiation, together with relatively low crystallinity as a 34.1% in single irradiation. In addition, removal of hemicelluloses and modification of lignin polymer were also significantly changed. These results indicate that electron beam irradiation has a destructive influence on both physical and chemical properties of wheat straw and therefore has an increase in cellulose surface accessibility and wouldtheoretically enable more efficient cellulose hydrolysis. Moreover, divided irradiation do not show a significant influence on enzymatic hydrolysis, thus single irradiation process is much better than divided irradiation process for increasing hydrolysis efficiency.
1 2 1 2

Optimization of Ferric Chloride induced Thrombosis Model in Rats: Effect of Ginkgo biloba Extracts
Won Kyung Jeon*, In Sun Lee Creative Research Laboratory, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 483 Expo-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-811, Korea Animal models are important tools in thrombosis research and preclinical drug development. In recent studies, ferric chloride (FeCl3) has been widely used to induce arterial thrombosis in a variety of species. The purpose of this study was to find an optimal concentration of FeCl3 and validate this model suited better for thrombosis research. A small piece of filter paper, soaked in FeCl3 solution (10, 20 or 35%, w/v) was topically applied on the carotid artery of SD rats to measure the time to occlusion (TTO) and thrombus weight (TW) to ascertain 35%, as an optimal FeCl3 concentration (8.83 0.75 min; p = 0.000, 0.79 0.04 mg/mm; p = 0.000, respectively). To validate this experimental model, Ginkgo biloba special extract EGb761 (5, 10 or 30 mg/kg) as a control agent administered by peritoneal route for 1h prior to the induction of thrombosis, showed significantly increased TTO in a dose dependent manner (18.50 2.17, 29.17 1.83, and 38.00 1.79 min, respectively) and significantly reduced TW in the injured vessel. Our results provide a simple, reproducible and well controlled in vivo screening system to induce thrombosis in rats by the topical application of 35% FeCl3 to assess the efficacy of the new anti-thrombotic agents.

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Combined Pretreatment (Gamma Ray and Diluted Acid) Effect on the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Poplar Bark for Bioethanol Poduction
Byung Yeoup Chung *, Jae Taek Lee , Hyoung-Woo Bai , Jae-Young Cho 1 Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea Pretreating poplar bark with combination of dilute acid (3% of H2SO4) and gamma irradiation (0-1000 kGy) was performed an attempt to enhance the enzymatic hydrolysis for bioethanol production. The glucose yields were slightly increased with increasing irradiation dose ranged from 35.4 to 51.5%, together with 56.1% ofglucose yield after dilute acid pretreated sample. This hydrolysis results clearly showed that soluble sugars were released faster and to a greater extent in dilute acid pretreated poplar than in gamma irradiation pretreated one. When combined pretreatment was carried out, a drastic increase in glucose yield (83.1%) was found compared with individual pretreatment. These results would be associated with cellulose crystallinity, lignin modification, and removal of hemicelluloses.
1 2 1 2

Ingenane-type Diperpenes with a Modulatory Effect on IFN- Production from Roots of Euphorbia kansui
Piseth Khiev , Hyeong-Kyu Lee , Young-Won Chin , Jae Sung Song , Jae Wha Kim 3, Sei-Ryang Oh 1* 1 Natural Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun ChungBuk, 363-883 Korea, 2College of Pharmacy, Dongguk 3 University, Pil-dong 3-ga, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Korea, Medical Genomics Research Center, KRIBB, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Korea A new ingenane-type diterpene, 5-O-(2,3-dimethylbutanoyl)-13-O-dodecanoyl-20-O-deoxyingenol (1), along with the eight known compounds, 3-O-(2,3-dimethylbutanoyl)-13-O-dodecanoyl-20-O-deoxyingenol (2), 20-O-decanoylingenol (3), 20-O-acethylingenol-3-O-(2'E, 4'Z) decadienate (4), kansuiphorin A (5), 3-O-(2,3-dimethylbutanoyl)-13-O-dodecanoylingenol (6), kansuinin F (7), (20R,23E)-eupha-8, 23-dien-3b, 5-diol (8), and euphol (9), were isolated from the chloroform extract of the roots of E. kansui. The structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, includding 1D and 2D NMR analyses. All the isolated compounds were evaluated for their potential of producing IFN-g in NK92 cells. Interestingly, compounds 6 and 4 (10 nM) displayed the most considerable effects on IFN-g production, which has comparable effects as the same dose of phorbol 12-myistate 13-acetate. Whereas, high dose of compounds 3 (100 nM), 1 (1.25 M), 5 and 8 (5 M) are also able to activate the IFN-g production.(SRAA)
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PBM-83

Protective Effect of Quercetin and Astragalin from Mulberry (Morus alba L.) Leaves on UVB-induced Damage in HaCaT Cells and Balb/c Mice
Seon Il Jang1*, Ji Min Park1, Jung-Keun Cho2, Ji Ye Mok1, In Hwa Jeon1, Hyeon 1 Soo Kim 1 School of Alternative Medicine & Health Science, College of Alternative Medicine, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Radiological Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Republic of Korea Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation is the major environmental cause of carcinogenesis, sunburn, and photoaging through production of oxidative stress and inflammation. The purpose of this study was to determine the protective effects of quercetin, astragalin or quercetin plus astragalin from the mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves by UVB irradiation in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells and Balb/c mice. UVB irradiation significantly increased the cytotoxicity in HaCaT keratinocytes compared to the control group. However, the treatment of quercetin or astragalin significantly was able to cell protective effect against UVB-induced cytotoxicity in dose dependant manner. Especially, the cotreatment of quercetin and astragalin markedly suppressed the UVB-induced keratinocyte injury. These suppressive effects were synergistically increased by their combination. The cotreatment of quercetin and astragalin reduced the incidence of histological skin alterations, mainly the epidermal damage, and histological aspects such as infiltration of inflammatory cells through the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. These results suggest that cotreatment of quercetin and astragalin from the mulberry leaves may have a potential use as a compound for protection against UVB-irradiated skin damage.

Colored Rice Extracts Modulate PPAR Activities thus Reducing Hepatic Lipid Concentrations
Hea-won Kim, Mastura Abd Malek, Ji Hae Lee, Hee-jin Jun, Sung-Joon Lee* Division of Food Bioscience and Technology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, South Korea The objective of this study was to test PPAR modulating activities of the newly bred rice strains, characterized by enriched color pigments or high amylose content. PPARs are nuclear receptors that regulate the transcription of genes in lipid metabolism in the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. Rice samples were obtained by extraction with 80% ethanol and subsequent evaporation and freeze-drying. Results from the reporter gene assay with CHO-K1 cells co-transfecting GAL4-PPAR-LBD and UAS-Luc vectors, the rice extracts showed agonistic activity with PPAR and PPAR, and displayed inhibitory activity of PPAR suggesting thatthe tested rice extracts may have anti-obesogenic activity by inhibiting lipid synthesis and adipogenesis. Results from the cellular lipid levels in HepG2 cells showed cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly reduced after stimulation of cells with rice extracts. Thus, compared with conventional rice extracts (Ilpum), the rice extracts enriched with color compounds (Heukgwang) showed 78% (P<0.05) and 74.5% (P<0.05) of cellular cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, respectively. These suggest that some rice strains enriched with color compounds may modulate cellular lipid level thus show anti-obesogenic activities by regulating PPARs.

PBM-82

PBM-84

Constituents from the Leaves of Daphne kiusiana

Zuh-Kyung Seong , Young-Won Chin , Hyeong-Kyu Lee , Jae Wha Kim , Sei-Ryang Oh 1* 1Natural Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun, ChungBuk 363-883, Korea, 2Medical Genomics Research Center, KRIBB, 125 Gwahar-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Korea, 3College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, 26 Pil-dong, Jung-gu, Seoul, 100-715, Korea Nine known compounds, sesamin (1), pinoresinol (2), cholesterol (3), -amyrenone (4),daphneolone (5), daphneone (6) daphnetin (7), 3-coumarinylcarbinol (8), theaspirone (9) were firstly isolated from the extracts of D. kiusiana. The structures of isolated compounds were identified by spectroscopic analysis, including 1D, 2D NMR. Among them, compound 8 was isolated for the first time from natural source.(SRAA)
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Biological Activities of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck) by Different Light Source
Soo-Yeon Lee , Ji-Young Yoon , Hye-Ji Jun , Yun-Ha Ju , Sung-Pyo Lee , Tae-Su Kim 2, Jin-Young Lee 1* 1 Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea, 2Misuba RTech Co., Ltd, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea The purpose of this study was to research the biological activity of the 70% ethanol extracts from drying Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck (BO) at red lighting, blue lighting, red+blue lighting and white lighting. The electron donating ability of 70% ethanol extracts from drying BO at red lighting, blue lighting, red+blue lighting and white lighting showed 62.8%, 68.1%, 60.9%, 69.9% at 500ppm concentration. The superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity of 70% ethanol extracts from drying BO at red lighting, blue lighting, red+blue lighting and white lighting showed 39.2%, 47.2%, 19.6%, 21.6% at 1000ppm concentration. In xanthine oxidase inhibition effects, 70% ethanol extracts from drying BO at red lighting, blue lighting, red+blue lighting and white lighting showed 45.1%, 56.2%, 38.8%, 53.3% at 1000ppm concentration. Tyrosinase inhibition effect of 70% ethanol extracts from drying BO at red lighting, blue lighting, red+blue lighting and white lighting showed 21.0%, 13.1%, 26.0%, 19.1% at 1000ppm concentration. The collagenase inhibition effects of 70% ethanol extracts from drying BO at red lighting, blue lighting, red+blue lighting and white lighting showed 47.4%, 20.8%, 54.6%, 37.2% at 1000ppm concentration. All these findings suggested that drying BO extracts at red lighting, blue lighting, red+blue lighting and white lighting has great potential as a cosmeceutical ingredient with a biological activity.(SRAA)
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PBM-85

PBM-87

Cosmeceutical Activities of Artemisia annua L. Extracts

Hye-Ji Jun, Soo-Yeon Lee, Ji-Young Yoon, Joo-Hoon Park, Jin-Young Lee* Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea In this study, the high anti-oxidant medicinal plants were used, one of the Artemisia annua L. According to the result of examining Artemisia annua L. medical action and its applicability as a new ingredient for cosmetics, as its water extract, it showed about 53.6% DPPH radical scavenging activity in 1000ppm, and as its ethanol extract, it indicated about 47.1% activity in 1000ppm. Regarding SOD, as its water extract, it showed about 18.6% in 1000ppm, and as its ethanol extract, it indicated activity of about 31.3% in 1000ppm. Also, as its water extract, it showed about 5.7% xanthine oxidase inhibiting activity in 1000ppm, and as its ethanol extract, it indicated about 42.7% activity in 1000ppm. In the collagenase inhibiting activity test, the water extract showed about 26.1% in 1000ppm while the ethanol extract indicated high inhibiting activity of about 51.8% in 1000ppm. Based on this result, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of Artemisia annua L. showing the greatest activity can be used as an ingredient for functional cosmetics having excellent medical actions of anti-wrinkle and collagenase scavenging activity. (SRAA)

Biological Activities of Nelumbo nucifera G. extracts and the Development of Functional Cosmetics
Soo-Yeon Lee , Ji-Young Yoon , Hye-Ji Jun , Yun-Ha Ju , Se-Gyu Oh , 2 1 Ji-Hoon Choi , Jin-Young Lee * 1 Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea, 2Ministry of culture & Tourism, Asan city, Chungnam, 336-701, Korea The purpose of this study was to research the biological activity of the 70% ethanol and water extracts from Nelumbo nucifera G. Leaf (NNL), Nelumbo nucifera G. Flower (NNF) and Nelumbo nucifera G. Steam (NNS). The electron donating ability of 70% ethanol and water extracts from NNL andNNF showed 79.2%, 72.0% and 70.6%, 66.4% at 500ppm concentration. In xanthine oxidase inhibition effect, 70% ethanol extracts from NNL, NNF, NNS was higher than water extracts from NNL, NNF and NNS and water extract from NNL was more than 51.7% respectively at 1000ppm concentration. Tyrosinase inhibition effect of 70% ethanol from NNL, NNF and NNS were higher than 42.4%, 44.9%, 32.3% respectively at 1000ppm concentration. In melanin synthesis inhibition effect of 70% ethanol and water extracts from NNL, NNF and NNS, extract of NNF was more than 40% respectively at 1000ppm. The elastase inhibition effect of 70% ethanol extract from NNF was more than 60.3% respectively at 1000ppm. The collagenase inhibition effect of 70% ethanol extract from NNL and NNF were more than 80.8%, 74.4% respectively at 500ppm. Astringent inhibition effect of 70% ethanol of NNF and NNS were 91.2%, 66.2% respectively at 5000ppm. All these findings suggested that NNL, NNF and NNS extracts has great potential as a cosmeceutical ingredient with a biological activity.(SRAA)
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PBM-86

PBM-88

Biological Activities of Aconitum pseudolaeve Nakai.

Ji-Young Yoon, Soo-Yeon Lee, Hye-Ji Jun, Yun-Ha Ju, Joo-Hoon Park, Jin-Young Lee* Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea Aconitum pseudolaeve Nakai. is around the perennial herb that grows in the mountains of Korea rose by studied the results of biological activity electron donating ability of ethanol extract was about 68.8%, the water extract was about stand out more than 66.0% of the activity at 1,000ppm concentration. The superoxide dismutase(SOD)-like activity of ethanol extract was about 44.3%, the water extract was about stand out more than 47.7% of the activity at 1,000ppm concentration. Xanthine oxidase experiment in anti-oxidant of water extract was about stand out more than 22.5% of the activity at 1,000ppm concentration. Tyrosinase activity of ethanol extract was 27.5% at 1,000ppm concentration. Collagenase of ethanol extract and water extract was 62.2%, 34.3% respectively at 500ppm concentration. In the astringent active measurement of water extract was 51.8% at 5,000ppm concentration. B16F10 cell skin cancer by using the anticancer effect of measured more than 25% ethanol extracts showed inhibition of tumor growth at 100ug/ml concentrations. Results of these experiments were identified as having anti-oxidant properties. (SRAA)

Cosmeceutical Activities of Tetragonia tetragonoides Extracts

Hye-Ji Jun, Soo-Yeon Lee, Ji-Young Yoon, Yun-Ha Ju, Jin-Young Lee* Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea In this study, Tetragonia tetragonoides was used in medicine valuable drug. According to the result of examining Tetragonia tetragonoides medical action and its applicability as a new ingredient for cosmetics, as its water extract, it showed about 56.3% DPPH radical scavenging activity in 1000ppm, and as its ethanol extract, it indicated about 68.6% high activity in 1000ppm. Regarding SOD, as its water extract, it showed about 36.1% in 1000ppm, and as its ethanol extract, it indicated low activity of about 4.5% in 1000ppm. In the xanthine oxidase inhibiting activity, the ethanol extract showed about 44.7% in 1000ppm. And in the tyrosinase inhibiting activity test, the water extract showed about 23.6% in 1000ppm while the ethanol extract indicated activity of about 23.0% in 1000ppm. In the collagenase inhibiting activity test, the water extract showed about 28.4% in 1000ppm while the ethanol extract indicated high inhibiting activity of about 45.4% in 1000ppm. Regarding elastase test, the water extract showed about 39.6% in 1000ppm while the ethanol extract indicated about 66.8% high inhibiting activity in 1000ppm. Based on this result, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of Tetragonia tetragonoides showing the greatest activity can be used as an ingredient for functional cosmetics. (SRAA)

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PBM-89

PBM-91

Biological Activities of Agrimonia pilosa LEDEB Extracts and the Development of Functional Cosmetics
Ji-Young Yoon, Soo-Yeon Lee, Hye-Ji Jun, Jin-Young Lee* Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea Agrimonia pilosa LEDEB of a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to Rosaceae anti-oxidants, whitening, anti-wrinkle results of studying the effects the electron donating ability of its water extract in Agrimonia pilosa LEDEB was about 65.4%, the ethanol extract in Agrimonia pilosa LEDEB was about 79.2% at 1,000ug/ml concentrations. Superoxide dismutaseability of its ethanol extract was about 41.5% and the water extract was about 52.2% at 1,000ug/ml concentrations. Xanthine oxidase ability of ethanol extract was about 87.9% and the water extract was about 64.4% at 1,000ug/ml concentrations. Tyrosinase inhibition ability of the ethanol extract in was about 59.6% and the water extract was about 24.1% at 1,000ug/ml concentrations. Elastase inhibition ability of its the ethanol extract was about 60.8% and the water extract was about 18.0% at 500ug/ml concentrations. Collagenase inhibition ability of the ethanol extract was about 80.6% and the water extract was about 32.4% at 100ug/ml concentrations. B16F10 cell skin cancer by using the anticancer effect of measured more than 69% ethanol extracts showed inhibition of tumor growth at 100ug/ml concentrations. These results confirmed the Agrimonia pilosa LEDEB has a sufficient anti-oxidants, whitening, anti-wrinkle efficacy has been confirmed.(SRAA)

New Cytotoxic Neolignans from the Fruits of Magnolia obovata

Kyeong-Hwa Seo , Dae-Young Lee , Ji-Hae Park , Ki-Hyun Yoo , Jae-Woong Lee 3, In-Sik Chung 2, Nam-In Baek 1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology & Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials 2 and Processing, Kyung-Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung-Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 3Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Kyung-Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Magnolia obovata (Magnoliaceae), a deciduods tree growing up to 20 m high which is widely distributed in Korea, China, and Japan. This plant has been used for the treatment of fever, headache, diarrhea, anxiety, and relief of asthma in Chinese medicine. Its fruits have been reported to have anti-platelet aggregation, anti-oxidation activities, prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative disease. However, up to now, only few chemical constituents, such as magnolol, honokiol, obovatol, methyl caffeate, and syringin have been isolated from Magnolia obovata fruits. Therefore the authors carried out this study to find out the lead compounds from the fruits of Magnolia obovata. Dried fruits of M. obovata were extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH, and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O, successively. As a result of repeated silica gel, and ODS column chromatographies on EtOAc fraction, four new neolignans (7-10) along with six related known compounds (1-6) were isolated. Their chemical structures were determined as a isomagnolol (1), obovatol (2), magnolol (3), honokiol (4), obovaaldehyde (5), obovatal (6), compound 1 (7), compound 2 (8), compound 3 (9), compound 4 (10). on the basis of spectroscopic data. All isolated compounds were evaluated for the cytotoxicity activity. In this, human colon adenocarcinoma (HCT-116), human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), human breast adenocarcinoma (SK-BR-3), human ovarian adenocarcinoma (SK-OV-3), human cervix adenocarcinoma (Hela), human hepatoma (HepG2), and human melanoma (SK-MEL-5) were used for in vitro evaluation of cytotoxic activity.
1 1 1 2

PBM-90

PBM-92

Biological Activities of the Lycii fructus, Lycii folium and Dry-Lycii folium Extracts
Soo-Yeon Lee , Ji-Young Yoon , Hye-Ji Jun , Joo-Hoon Park , Myung-Hwa Kang2, Jin-Young Lee1* 1 Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea, 2Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Hoseo University, Chungnam 336-795, Korea The purpose of this study was to research the anti-oxidant activity and skin whitening activity of the 70% ethanol and water extracts from Lycii fructus (LF1), Lycii folium (LF1) and dry-Lycii folium (DLF2). The electron donating ability of 70% ethanol and water extracts from DLF2 and LF2 showed 66.5%, 64.6% at 1000ppm concentration. The xanthine oxidase inhibition effect of the LF1, LF2, DLF2 ethanol and water extracts were more than 54.2%, 62.5%, 84.3% and 60.9%, 85.5%, 70.6% at 1000ppm concentration. Tyrosinase inhibition effect of LF1, LF2, DLF2 ethanol and water extracts were more then about 30.8%, 19.2%, 27.6% and 14.7%, 42%, 46.2% at 1000ppm concentration. However, elastase inhibition effect of LF1, LF2, DLF2 ethanol and water extracts were less than 4.3%, 15.1%, 45.6% and 6.6%, 29.8%, 11.7% respectively at 1000ppm concentration. Collagenase inhibition effect of LF1, LF2, DLF2 ethanol and water extracts were more than 34.7%, 44.5%, 28.9% and 41.9%, 65.0%, 37.0% at 1000ppm concentration. All these findings suggested that LF1, LF2 and DLF2 have a great potential as a cosmeceutical ingredient. (SRAA)
1 1 1 1

Acyclic Terpenoids from the Fruit of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)

Na-Young Song , Jin-Gyeong Cho , Qian Wu , Hee-Cheol Kang , Dong Geol Lee 2, Nam-In Baek 1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, 2 Kyung-Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, R&D center, GFC Co., Ltd., Suwon 443-813, Korea Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is one of the most widely used vegetable not onlyfor food but for cosmetics. Also, tomato is used as a drug for heart disease and the study of tomato lectin for drug delivery is in progress. Tomato is Solanaceae family, growing up to 1 m. It has characteristically distinctive smell over the whole body. It has a yellow flower and lanceolate calyx. Its fruit is a red berry. Tomato is reported that it has many activity such as antioxidant, hepatoprotective effect, protect prostatism, anti-platelet aggregation and anticancer activity. This study was initiated for isolation and identification of principal component to show pharmacological activity from the fruit of tomato. The powders of tomato fruit (9 kg) were extracted with 80% aq. MeOH and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O, successively. From the EtOAc fraction and n-BuOH fraction, three acyclic terpenoids were isolated through the silica gel and octadecyl silica gel column chromatographies. On the basis of spectroscopic methods, such as NMR, MS, and IR, the chemical structures of the compounds were determined as farnesyl acetone (1) and -tocopherol (2), and -tocopherol quinone (3). Compounds 1 and 2were reported that they have a antioxidant activity and compound 2 have been first isolated from the fruit of tomato.
1 1 1 2

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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PBM-93

PBM-95

New Diterpenoid and Flavonoids from the Peels of Citrus unshiu Marcovich
Kyeong-Hwa Seo , Dae-Young Lee , Rak-Hun Jeong , Sun-Ju Kim , 2 1 Hee-Cheol Kang , Nam-In Baek * 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology &Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials and Processing, Kyung-Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2R&D center, GFC Co., Ltd., Suwon 443-813, Korea Citrus species (Rutaceae), a small evergreen deciduous tree growing up to 20~40 m high, has narrow-long oval leaves. Flowers are white and, its fruits ripen from September to October. It is widely distributed in Korea, Japan (Citrus unshiu Marcovich), and China (Citrus reticulata Blanco). This plant has been used for anti-platelet aggregation, anti-allergy, anti-gastric ulcer, discharge of phlegm, promotion of gastric secretion in Chinese medicine. Its peels have been reported to show anti-toxoplasmosis, anti-dementia and anti-oxidation activities. Our phytochemical study on the peels of this plant led to isolation and structure determination of a new diterpenoid together with several known compounds. The peels of C. unshiu Marcovich were extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH, and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O, successively. From the EtOAc fraction, two diterpenoids and two flavonoids were isolated through the repeated silica gel and ODS column chromatographies. 1 From the results of spectroscopic data including EI-MS, H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, DEPT, and 2D-NMR (gCOSY, gHSQC, gHMBC), the chemical structures of two diterpenoids and two flavonoids were determined as a a-tocopherol (1), a new diterpenoid (2), hesperidin (3), narirutin (4), respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 were isolated for the first time from the peels of Citrus unshiu Marcovich. Among them, a-tocopherol is typical of anti-oxidation in nature. Therefore, it is expected that compound 2 may also have anti-oxidant activities. Besides, these further activity research will be done for the new compound.
1 1 1 2

Phenolic Compounds from the Heartwood of Lindera glauca Blume

Gyu-Won Huh , Ji-Hae Park , Gyeong-Hwa Seo , Yu Jeong Lee , Hee-Cheol 2 1 Kang , Nam-In Baek * 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology &Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials and Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2R&D Center, GFC Co., Ltd., Suwon 443-813, Korea Grayblue spicebush (Lindera glauca Blume, Lauraceae) is a deciduous shrub, which is distributed in the mountainous regions of northeast Asian countries. It was reported that the roots and leaves of L. glauca Bl. were traditionally used for treating several symptoms such as aphasia, cardialgia, and abdominal pain. In the previous phytochemical studies, itwas reported that thirty-nine compounds including alkaloid, benzenoid, cyclohexanoid, flavonoid, steroid, and terpenoid categories were isolated from the aerial parts in L. glauca. This study deals with investigation of phenolic compounds from the heartwood of this plant. The chipped heartwood of this plant was extracted repeatedly with 80% aqueous MeOH at room temperature, and the concentrated extract was successively partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O. Seven phenolic compounds were isolated through the repeated silica gel (SiO2), octadecyl silica gel (ODS), and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography from the EtOAc fraction. According to interpretation of spectroscopic data including nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), mass spectroscopy (MS),and infrared spectroscopy (IR), the chemical structure of the compounds was determined as syringaresinol (1), lyoniresinol (2), lyoniside (3), vanillin (4), 3,4,5-trimethoxy-1-O--D-glucoside (5), 4-hydroxy-2methoxyphenyl-6-O-syringoyl--D-glucoside (6), and 4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxy-1-O--D-glucoside (7). These compounds were firstly isolated from L. glauca.
1 1 1 2

PBM-94

PBM-96

Flavonoids from the Heartwood of Lindera glauca Blume

Gyu-Won Huh , Ji-Hae Park , Qian Wu , Mi Hee Park , Eun-Mi Ahn , Hee-Cheol Kang 3, Nam-In Baek 1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology & Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials 2 and Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, Department of Herbal Foodceutical Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Korea, 3R&D Center, GFC Co., Ltd., Suwon 443-813, Korea Lindera glauca (Lauraceae) is a deciduous shrub, which is distributed widely in the mountainous regions of China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. It was reported that the radices and leaves of L. glauca were used as folk medicine for treating several symptoms by paralysis such as aphasia, cardialgia and abdominal pain. In the previous phytochemical studies, it was reported that thirty-nine compounds including nineteen alkaloids, one butanolide, six benzenoids, one diterpene, one triterpene, five steroids, four flavonoids, one p-quinone, and one cyclohex-2-en-1-one were isolated from the aerial parts in this species. This study deals with isolation and identification of flavonoids from the heartwood of L. glauca. The chipped heartwood of this plant was extracted repeatedly with 80% aqueous methanol at room temperature, and the extract was concentrated and partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O, successively. From the EtOAc fraction, ten flavonoids were isolated through the repeated silica gel, octadecyl silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. According to usage of spectroscopic method including NMR, MS and IR, the chemical structure of the compounds was determined as lindeglaucone A (1), lindeglaucone B (2), lindeglaucoside A (3), cilicicone B (4), (+)-catechin (5), (-)-epicatechin (6), tamarixetin 3-O--L-rhamnoside (7), procyanidin A2 (8), cinnamtannin B1 (9), and cinnamtannin D1 (10). These compounds were firstly isolated from L. glauca and flavonoids 1-3 among them are new compounds.
1 1 1 3 2

Flavonoids from Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) Calyx

Na-Young Song , Jin-Gyeong Cho , Gyu-Won Huh , Hee-Cheol Kang , Dong Moon Im 2, Eun-Mi Ahn 3, Nam-In Baek 1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, 2 Kyung-Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, R&D center, GFC Co., Ltd., 3 Suwon 443-813, Korea, Department of Herbal Foodceutical Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Korea Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) is one of the very popular fruits belonging to the Rosaceae family. Strawberry is also well known to have antioxidant activity because of a lot of anthocyanins. In our preliminary experiment, the strawberry calyx also showed high antioxidant activity, which is almost equivalent to that of green tea. This study was initiated for isolation and identification of the principal components to manifest antioxidant activity from the strawberry calyx. The dry calyx powders (8.5 kg) were extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O, successively. Silica gel, octadecyl silica gel (ODS), and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies were applied to isolate bioactive components. Finally, three flavonoids were isolated from the EtOAc fraction. On the basis of spectroscopic 1 13 methods, such as H-NMR, C-NMR, DEPT, and 2D-NMR (COSY, HSQC, HMBC), the chemical structures of the flavonoids were determined to be quercetin (1), kaempferol (2), and sexangularetin (3). Compounds 1 and 2 have antioxidant activity as free radical scavenger. These compounds have been first isolated from the calyx of Fragaria ananassa.
1 1 1 2

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Plenary Lecture

Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBM-97

PBM-99

New Phlorotannin from a Brown Alga Ecklonia Cava and the Activity
Ji-Hae Park , Su-Yeon Kim , Sabina Shrestha , Hye-Im Yong , Sueng-Mock 2 2 1 Cho , Dae-Seok Han , Nam-In Baek * 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology & Graduate School of Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Republic of Korea, 2 Research Division of Food Industry Promotion, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam 608-737, Republic of Korea Seaweeds traditionally include macroscopic, multicellular marine red, green, and brown algae. Ecklonia cava is a brown alga (Alariaceae), widely distributed on the southern coasts of Korea and Japan. It is plentifully produced in Jeju Island of Korea (30,000 tons per year). Seaweeds are regarded as well-balanced and harmless natural diets. Marine algae are widely used in the life science as the source of compounds with diverse structural forms and biological activities. Among them, phlorotannins have been clarified to exhibit many biological activities including anti-diabetes, anti-oxidation, anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, anti-HIV. The alcohol extract of Ecklonia cava showed the activity. EtOH extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH and H2O, and each fraction was checked using TLC which showed EtOAc fraction contained rich phlorotannins. So, authors carried out this study to isolate phlorotannin compounds from Ecklonia cava. The dried and powdered Ecklonia cava was extracted with n-hexane solvent to remove chlorophyll and lipids. And the residue was extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH including 0.3% ascorbic acid, and the concentrated extract was partitioned with n-hexane, EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O, successively. The repeated silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies of the EtOAc fraction led to isolation of seven phlorotannins including a new compound. From the result of spectroscopy data including NMR and EI/MS, they were identified to be phlorotannin such as phloroglucinol (1), fucodiphlorethol G (2), eckstolonol (3), eckol (4), triphlorethol A (5), 6,6-bieckol (6), and the new phlorotannin (7). These compounds showed the pharmaceutical activity.
1 1 1 2

Cytotoxic Biflavonoids from the Fruits of Rhus parviflora Roxb.

Sabina Shrestha1, Ji-Hae Park1, Dae-Young Lee1, Jin-Gyeong Cho1, 1 1 2 1* Ki-Hyun Yoo , In-Sik Chung , Youn-Hyung Lee , Nam-In Baek 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology, Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Rhus parviflora(Anacardiaceae) is a sub-deciduous shrub with irregularly crenate, trifoliate leaves and small rounded berry. It is distributed in Nepal, Bhutan, India, and Sri Lanka in altitudinal range 700-1,100 m. It is commonly known as Satibayerin Nepal. It is used in Ayurvedic formulation for cure of stomach disorders. Previous chemical work on the fruit of this plant reported echinulin, trimethyl citrate, and citric acid 2-methyl ester. We initiated this study to isolate major secondary metabolites. We reported previously some sterols, flavanone and flavonoid glycosides from this plant. The dried and powdered fruits of R. parviflora were extracted with 80% MeOH and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O, successively. The repeated silica gel, ODS, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography from EtOAc fraction led to the isolation of some biflavonoids. From the interpretation of spectroscopic data including NMR, MS, and IR, the chemical structures of the compounds were determined as mesuaferrone (1), rhusflavanone (2), rhusflavone (3), agathisflavone (4), and cupressuflavone (5). These compounds were isolated for the first time from the fruits of R. parviflora. The biflavonoids 1, 3 and 4 showed significant cytotoxity in vitro MTT assay with IC50 17.25 M (mesuaferrone B against HCT-116), 17.50 M (rhusflavone against MCF-7), 15.20M (agathisflavone against HeLa).

PBM-98

PBM-100

Structural and Quantitative Analysis of Antioxidant and LDL-antioxidant Flavonoids from the Grains of Sugary Rice
Dae-Young Lee , Sabina Shrestha , Rak-Hun Jeong , Woo Duck Seo , Tae-Sook Jeong3, Jun Hyun Cho 2, You Chun Song 2, Yeong-Deok Rho 1, 1 Nam-In Baek * 1 Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Miryang 627-803, Republic of Korea, 3Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Taejon 305-600, Republic of Korea The grains of sugary rice were extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH and the concentrated extracts were successively partitioned using EtOAc, n-BuOH and H2O. From the n-BuOH fractions, four flavonoid glycosides were isolated through repeated silica gel, octadecyl silica gel (ODS) and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies. Based on the spectroscopic data from NMR, MS and IR, the chemical structures of the compounds were determined to be taxifolin-7-O-b-D-glucopyranoside (1), hyperin (2), isoquercitrin (3), and quercetin gentiobioside (4). These compounds were isolated from the grains of sugary rice for the first time. All isolated compounds were tested for antioxidant activity and LDL-antioxidative activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) assays. Compound 1 exhibited a strong scavenging effect on DPPH, with an IC50 value of 8.1 mM, and also inhibited LDL-oxidation with an IC50 value of 40.020 M. A simple and efficient HPLC/DAD method for the simultaneous determination of four bioactive flavonoids (1-4) have been developed and applied for their content determination in the sugary rice. The grains were extracted by 80% methanol and the contents of 1, 2, 3 and 4 were determined to be 1.120.045, 0.650.011, 0.680.032, and 0.890.021 mg/g, respectively.
1 1 1 2

Two New Oleanane Saponins from Cowpea seeds (Vigna sinensis K.)
En-Ji Cui1, In-Sik Chung 1, Ji-Young Kim 1, Youn-Hyung Lee1, Nam-In Baek1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology & Research Collection of Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Cowpea (Vigna sinensis K.), an annual legume, is also known as blackeyed peas, southern peas and crowder peas, and is cultivated throughout the tropics and subtropics of Asia, Africa and Central and South America. Cowpea is important for both human and animal diets. Like other legumes, it is a good source of protein, carbohydrate and other nutrients. In addition, it contains bioactive compounds such as vitamins, steroids, terpenoids and phenolics. More studies revealed that ingestion of legume seeds exhibited therapeutic or protective effects with regard to hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. In our previous study has reported that isolation of four sterols from cowpea seeds the first time, which have heme oxygenase activity in HepG2 cells. Cowpea seeds were extracted with 80% MeOH and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O, successively. The concentrated H2O extract was passed through a Diaion HP-20 column eluting with MeOH and H2O to exclude the sugar. The eluting MeOH fraction was collected and further fractionated by repeated silica gel and octadecyl silica gel column chromatography to yield two new oleanane saponins. The structure determination was accomplished by extensive studies of both one and two 1 13 dimensional H and C-NMR spectra, the FAB-MS spectra, and alkaline and acid hydrolyses.

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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PBM-101

PBM-103

Hydroxysitosterols from the Fruits of Urena lobata L.

Sabina Shrestha , Ji-Hae Park , Dae-Young Lee , Jin-Gyeong Cho , 2 2 1 Jae-Woong Lee , Youn-Hyung Lee , Nam-In Baek * 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology, Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Urena lobata(Malvaceae) is a shrub with rhomboid leaves, pink flowers and small rounded bristly fruits. It is distributed in tropical and subtropical areas throughout the world. It is commonly known as caesar weed. The leaves and flowers are used as a famine food in Africa. Its strong bast fiber is used for various purposes. Its fruit paste is used for treating diarrhea in Nepal. Previous chemical work on the seeds of this plant reported few cyclopropenoid. There are few constituents like flavonoid, flavonoid glycoside, and furocoumarin reported from other parts of this plant available in literature, so we initiated this study to isolate major secondary metabolites from the fruit. The dried and powdered fruits of U. lobata were extracted with 80% MeOH and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O, successively. The repeated silica gel, ODS, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography from EtOAc fraction led to the isolation of three hydroxysitosterols. From the interpretation of spectroscopic data including NMR, MS, and IR, the chemical structures of the compounds were determined as 7-methoxysitosterol (1), 7 -hydroxysitosterol (2), and 7-hydroxysitosterol (3). These compounds were isolated for the first time from the fruits of U. lobata.
1 1 1 1

Flavonolignans from the Aerial Parts of Oryza sativa Inhibit Neuraminidase in Influenza Virus Activity
Rak-Hun Jeong , Dae-Young Lee , Jin-Gyeong Cho , Kyeong-Hwa Seo , 1 2 3 1 Na-young Song , Woo-Duck Seo , Hee-Cheol Kang , Yeong-Deok Rho , Nam-In Baek1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology and Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, 446-701, Yongin, Korea, 2 Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Milyang, Gyeongnam 627-830, Korea, 3R&D center, GFC Co., Ltd., Suwon 443-813, Korea Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the principal cereal food in Asia and is ingested by the majority of thepopulation. Because there are few reports on constituents or pharmacological activity of this plant, the isolation and identification of the bioactive constituents are still required. Therefore, the aim of this research is to isolate and identify the bioactive constituents from the leaves and stems of O. sativa. The leaves and stems of O. sativa were extracted with 80% MeOH and the concentrated extract was partitioned with n-hexane, EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O, successively. Our phytochemical study on O. sativa (leaves and stems) led to isolation and determination of chemical structure of four new flavonolignans along with a known compound, salcolin B (1). The structure of the isolated 1 compounds was determined on the basis of EI-MS, FAB-MS, H- and 13 C-NMR, DEPT, and 2D-NMR experiments. New flavonolignans were named as salcolin C (2), salcolinoside A (3), salcolinoside B (4), and salcolinoside C (5). Neuraminidase is a proven target in anti-viral drug development. It also appears to be important for infection by certain pathogenic bacteria and has been implicated in biofilm formation. All isolated flavonolignans showed inhibit effect on neuraminidase in influenza virus with IC50s between 46.07 and 102.83 uM. In addition, this is the first report detailing flavonolignans exhibiting neuraminidase inhibition.
1 1 1 1

PBM-102

PBM-104

A New Miroestrol Glycoside from the Roots of White Kwao Krua (Pueraria mirifica)
Myun-Ho Bang 1, Do-Gyeong Lee 3, Yoon-Su Baek 1,3, Sung-Kwon Ko2, 2 3 3 1,3 Chang-Hwan Oh , Min-Woo Han , Kyoung-Sook Choi , Dae-Kyun Chung , Nam-In Baek1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology and Oriental Medicinal Materials & 2 Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, Oriental Medical 3 Food & Nutriton, Semyung University, Jecheon 390-711, Korea, Skin Biotechnology Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon 443-766, Korea Pueraria mirifica, a Thailnad kudzu, is distributed over a wide area of the north Thailand and Myanmar. It has been well known for estrogen (miroesterol) in its tuberous roots. Although miroestrol does not possess the 1,2diphenylpropane skeleton common to all isoflavonoids, its A- and B- rings closely resemble the corresponding A- and C-rings of daidzein (7,4dihydroxyisofIavone), some isoflavones exhibit significant estrogenic activity. For this reason, study of metabolites in Pueraria mirificahas been regarded as worthy endeavor. In this study, we report the isolation and identification of a new miroestrol glycoside from the roots of Pueraria mirifica. The roots of Pueraria mirifica, were extracted with 80% MeOH, and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O, successively. The repeated ODS and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies of the n-BuOH fraction led to isolation of one new miroestrol glycoside. According to the results of physico-chemical and spectroscopic data including NMR, LC/MSMS and IR, the chemical structures of the compound was determined as miroestrol-3-O-bglucopyranoside (1). This compound has never been reported so far.

Lignan and Diterpene from the Cabbage (Brassica oleraceae L. var. capitata)
Su-Yeon Kim 1, Jin-Gyeong Cho 1, Ye-Jin Jung 1, Na-Young Song 1, 2 1 1 1 Jae-Woong Lee , Seo-Ji In , Deok-Chun Yang , Nam-In Baek * 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology and Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea Cabbage (Brassica oleraceae L. var. capitata) is one of the most important vegetables grown worldwide and thought to have originated in Western Europe. This shallow-rooted and cool-season crop is cultivated for its large leafy head. In addition, Cabbage leaves are used in traditional medicine. They are used externally both as a wound healing remedy and for pain relief in joints, especially in the knee. In this study, the authors reported the isolation and identification of the three secondary metabolites from the cabbage.The cabbages were extracted with 100% MeOH and 80% aqueous MeOH. The concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH and H2O, successively. The repeated silica gel and octadecyl silica gel (ODS) column chromatographic separations for the EtOAc fraction led to isolation of three compounds. According to the results of spectroscopic data such as NMR, IR, and MS, the chemical structures of the compounds were determined as -sitosterol (1), phytol (2), and ligballinol (3). Phytop (2) have an antispasmodic activity and anticancer activity. Ligballinol (3) was reported as stress metabolite and have been isolated from this plant for the first time.

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Plenary Lecture

Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBM-105

PBM-107

Melanogenesis Iinhibitory Activity of Flavonoid Glycosides from Dendropanax morbifera

Yoon-Su Baek , Myun-Ho Bang , Do-Gyeong Lee , Dae-Kyun Chung , 1 Nam-In Baek * 1 Department of Oriental Medicinal and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, 446-701, Korea, 2Skin Biotechnology Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 443-766, Korea Dendropanax morbifera (Araliaceae) is a deciduous tree and distributed throughout southern-west part of south Korea. Polyacetylene, terpenoids, and dendropanoxide have all been isolated from the plant. Dendropanax species have been employed in folk medicine for the treatment of headache, infectious diseases, malady, and skin diseases. In our present study, bioactivity-guided fractionation of the BuOH extracts of D. morbifera led to isolation of three flavonoid glycosides, rutin (1), hyperin (2), and nicotiflorin (3). Our phytochemical study on the fruits of D. morbifera led to isolation of flavonoid glycosides through repeated column chromatography and structure determination on the basis of spectroscopic methods such as NMR, IR, and MS. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic methods (ESI-MS, NMR). The melanogenesis acitivity was evaluated for the isolated compounds, which dose-dependently inhibited the activity to be significant at 10-100 mg/mL concentrations tested. At concentration of 10 mg/mL, compounds 1-3 showed inhibition activity of 54.29.8%, 71.17.6% and 103.15.7%, respectively.
1,2 1,2 2 1,2

Miroestrols and Norsesquiterpenes from the Roots of a Thailand Kudzu, White Kwao Krua (Pueraria mirifica)
Jin-Gyeong Cho , Hee-Jung Park , Kyeong-Hwa Seo , Lak-Hoon Jeong , 1 2 2 3 Myun-Ho Bang , Sung-kwon Ko , Chang-Hwan Oh , Kyoung-Sook Choi , Nam-In Baek1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology and Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, 2 Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, Oriental Medical Food & Nutriton, Semyung University, Jecheon 390-711, Korea, 3Kyung Hee University, Skin Biotechnology Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon 443-766, Korea people for many years due to its distinguished properties, traditional medicine and efficacy. It is as regarded as the national identity of Thailand and Myanmar. Typically, there are three types of Thailand kudzu namely, white, red (Butea superba Roxb), and black (Mucuna collettii Lace) Kwao Krua. White Kwao Krua (Pueraria mirifica Airy Shaw et Suvatabandhu) has long been used as a rejuvenating and anti-aging supplement in Thailand and Myanmar. Especially, miroestols and chromenes has been thought to be the principal compound to show the rejuvenating activity. In this study, we report the isolation and identification of two chromens and two norsesquiterpenes from the roots of Pueraria mirifica. The roots of Pueraria mirifica, were extracted with 80% MeOH, and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O, successively. From the EtOAc fraction, nine flavonoids were isolated through the repeated silica gel and ODS column chromatographies. According to the results of physico-chemical and spectroscopic data including NMR, MS and IR, the chemical structures of the compounds were determined as miroestrol (1), isomiroestrol (2), megastigm-5-en-3,9-diol (3), and liarionoside B (4), ambocin (5). This study reports the first isolation of compounds 3 and 4 from the roots of Pueraria mirifica.
1 1 1 1

PBM-106

PBM-108

Flavonoids from the Roots of a Thailand Kudzu, White Kwao Krua (Pueraria mirifica)
Jin-Gyeong Cho , Hee-Jung Park , Ji-Hae Park , Gyu-Won Huh , Na-Young Song1, Myun-Ho Bang1, Sung-kwon Ko 2, Chang-Hwan Oh2, Kyoung-Sook Choi3, Nam-In Baek 1* 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology and Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Oriental Medical Food & Nutriton, Semyung University, Jecheon 390-711, Korea, 3Kyung Hee University, Skin Biotechnology Center, Kyung Hee University, Suwon 443-766, Korea Kwao Krua, a Thailand kudzu is a native herb abundant in the jungles of the north Thailand and Myanmar. It has been well known to local people for many years due to its distinguished properties, traditional medicine and efficacy. It is as regarded as the national identity of Thailand and Myanmar. Typically, there are three types of Thailand kudzu namely, white, red (Butea superba Roxb), and black (Mucuna collettii Lace) Kwao Krua. White Kwao Krua (Pueraria mirifica Airy Shaw et Suvatabandhu) has long been used as a rejuvenating and anti-aging supplement in Thailand and Myanmar. Recently, imports of white Kwao Krua from Thailand has rapidly increased in Korea. But does not prove the efficacy of white Kwao Krua, so we initiated this study in search of principal compounds responsible for the activities. In this study, we report the isolation and identification of nine flavonoids from the roots of Pueraria mirifica. The roots of Pueraria mirifica, were extracted with 80% MeOH, and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O, successively. From the EtOAc fraction, nine flavonoids were isolated through the repeated silica gel and ODS column chromatographies. According to the results of physico-chemical and spectroscopic data including NMR, MS and IR, the chemical structures of the compounds were determined as naringenin (1), isoliquiritigenin (2), genistein (3), daidzein (4), ambocin (5), genistin (6), daidzin (7), genistein-8-C--D-apiofuranosyl-(16)-O-D-glucopyranoside (8), and puerarin-4-O--D-glucopyranoside (9). This study reports the first isolation of compounds 1, 2, 5, 8, and 9 from the roots of Pueraria mirifica.
1 1 1 1

Antistress Activity of Combination Polygonum multiflorum and Acanthopanax senticosus in Mice

Jong Hee Choi, Mi Ri Kim, Su Bin Wang, Han Saem Oh, Jae Ho Lee, Sa Rang Oh, Ji Wook Jung* Department of Herbal Medicinal Pharmacology, Daegu Haany University According to the DSM-, "The essential feature of Acute Stress Disorder is the development of characteristic anxiety, dissociative, and other symptoms that occurs within 1 month after exposure to an extreme traumatic stress"The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effect of a combination of Polygonum multiflorum (PM) and Acanthopanax senticosus (AS) on stress, we evaluated using a BALB/C mice acute stress model. Polygonum multiflorum (PM), the root of a Korean medicinal herb, has been used for a long time as an antiaging agent. Acanthopanax senticosus(AS) has been used as a crude drug to treat stress-induced physiological changes various allergic conditions, inflammation and cancer. Stress consisted of immobilization, restrainer for 25 minutes and electric foot shocks for20 minutes a day for 15 days and the following behavioral tasks: elevated plus maze (EPM), open field test (OFT), forced swimming test (FST) and celiectomy. Mice were administered with herbal extracts and diazepam (1 mg/kg, i.p.) for 15days. Increased locomotor activity and the percentage of time spent in the open arms of an elevated plus maze under stress were recovered by treatment with the extract containing the ratio of one to two amounts of PM and AS (PM1-AS2) at 100 and 200 mg/kg (P < 0.05). Thymus and spleen sizes increases induced stress were prevented by PM1-AS2 (200 mg/kg) (P < 0.05). These results suggested that P. multiflorum and A. senticosus in the ratio of one to two amounts could be used to treat stress disorders.(SRAA)

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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PBM-109

PBM-111

Biological Activities of Alcohol Extracts of Some Plants Collected from Saudi Arabia
Joo Young Lee , Deok Sung Bae , Young Hoon Kim , Jae Kwon Lee , Hossam 3,4 4 1 M. Abdallah , Essam Abdel-Sattar , Cheol-Ho Pan * 1 Functional Food Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 210-340, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Biology Education, Chungbuk National 3 University, Chungcheongbuk-do 361-763, Republic of Korea, Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia, 4Department of Pharamcognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt Saudi Arabia is rich in desert flora. Especially in the western regions, more than 4000 species have been found. The flora is specific to Saudi Arabia in great number of plants. Even the plants grow in other countries, from our previous experience with Saudi plants, they showed different spectrum of constituents either in the amount or in the presence of new compounds with different stereo configuration. In spite of previous investigation of a great number of Saudi plants, they still need detailed investigation with focusing on their biological evaluation. In this study, alcohol extracts prepared from 50 Saudiplants were examined for their antioxidant activity, inhibitory effects on recombinant human AKR1B1 (rhAKR1B1) and AKR1B10 (rhAKR1B10), and inhibition of NO production in LPSstimulated murine macrophage Raw 264.7 cells. Eight extracts showed more than 80% of ABTS radical scavenging activity at 100 g/mL, 5 and 3 extracts inhibited more than 50% of rhAKR1B1 and rhAKR1B10 activity, respectively, at 10 g/mL, and 10 extracts inhibited the NO production without any cytotoxicity at 20 g/mL.(SRAA)
1 2 2 2

Comparison on Proximate Composition and Fatty Acids of Red and Black Sea Cucumbers (Apostichopusjaponicus) from Ulleungdo and Dokdo
Moon-Hee Lee , Yeon-Kye Kim *, Ho sung Moon , Kwan-kyu Kim , Hyeon-Ah Cho1, Na Young Yoon1, Hee-Yeon Park1, Doo-Seog Lee1, Chi-Won 1 1 2 Lim , Ho-Dong Yoon , Sang-Kuk Han 1 Food and Safety Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, 2 Division of Ocean System Engineering, Mokpo National Maritime University, 3 Fisheries Technology support division, Gyeongsangbuk-Do Fisheries Technology Center The proximate composition and fatty acid profile of the body wall and viscera of each red and black sea cucumbers were compared. Moisture, ash, crude protein and crude lipid contents ranged between 80.3%-91.8%, 2.6%-6.8%, 1.1%-4.0% and 0.1-2.1%, respectively. The fatty acid values varied depending on the species and the regions of collection.Theanteiso C17:0,C16:1n9, C17:1n7, C18:1n11 and C16:2n7 were only observed in the body wall. Among the tested fatty acids, the C18:1n11 was the specific in red sea cucumber the C20:4n6 (17.7%) and C20:5n3 (17.6%) were the predominant PUFAs in all samples. The contents of the C18:0 DMA, C16:1n7, C16:1n5 and C18:1n5 were compared in details.
1 1 1 3

PBM-110

PBM-112

Hydroxamic Acid-based Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Suppress T cell Function

Jae Kwon Lee*, Young Hoon Kim Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have recently been shown to suppress inflammatory responses at much lower concentrations than that the concentrations that produce an anti-tumor effect. In the current study, the inhibitory activity of T cell functions by three different HDACis was compared, and the mechanisms underlying the inhibitory activity were demonstrated. Trichostatin-A (TSA) and scriptaid (ST) had potent inhibitory effects on the proliferation of T cells. TSA suppressed the synthesis of the T cell-activating cytokine, interleukin (IL)-2, and the T cell-derived cytokines, interferon (IFN)-, IL-4, and IL-13. In addition, TSA induced inhibition of cell cycle progression and IL-2 receptor expression. On the whole, TSA had a stronger effect on T cell functions than other HDACis. Similarly, a longer duration of hyperacetylation was observed in the cells that had been exposed to TSA. Thus, the inhibition of histone deacetylation appears to be related to the inhibitory effect of TSA. These results are expected to serve as a guide for future studies on the ability of HDACis to inhibit acute and chronic inflammatory diseases provoked by T cells.

SARS-CoV 3CLpro Inhibitory Activity of Phlorotanins from the Edible Brown Alga Ecklonia cava
Jang Hoon Kim, Hyung Jae Jeong, Young Min Kim, Ji-Young Park, Su-Jin Park, Young Bae Ryu*, Woo Song Lee Eco-Friendly Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea SARS-CoV 3CLpro, a chymotrypsin-like protease essential for protein processing in SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV), is considered a good drug target for the prevention SARS-CoV replication. During the course of a search for 3CLpro inhibitors from edible natural sources, we found that the ethanol extracts of Ecklonia cava showed extremely high 3CLpro-inhibitory activity (88.2% inhibition at 30 mg/mL). Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate layer of ethanol extracts yielded five phlorotanins, identified as phloroglucinol (1), eckol (2), 7-phloroeckol (3), phlorofucoeckol (4), and dieckol (5). Phlorotanins 15 were evaluated for SARS-CoV 3CLproinhibition using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis. All isolated phlorotanins, apart from phloroglucinol (1), exhibited pro a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on SARS-CoV 3CL . Among the isolated phlorotanins, eckol (2), 7-phloroeckol (3), phlorofucoeckol (4), and dieckol (5) exhibited inhibitory effects on 3CLpro, with. IC50 values of 10.1, 22.4, 6.7, and 3.8 mM, respectively. Monomeric phlorotanins (1) did not show a significant inhibitory effect (30% at 200 mM). From this, it may be inferred that the number of phloroglucinol moieties, and thus the number of hydroxyl groups, on the phlorotanins backbone contributes to significant 3CLpro-inhibitory activity. All 3CLpro inhibit phlorotanins have proven to be noncompetitive by the kinetic analysis.(SRAA)

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Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBM-113

PBM-115

Changes of Carotenoid Contents between Wild Type and Natural Mutant of Citrus by Quantitative HPLC Analysis
Seong-Hun Lee , Seung Yeob Song , Suk Weon Kim , In-Jung Kim * 1 Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea, 2Citrus Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Seogwipo 697-943, Korea, 3 Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 111 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Korea, 4 Biological Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 111 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Korea Through microarray analysis between control and natural mutant fruits of Citrus, we selected several genes relating to the coloring in fruits including mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase, carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 1, and flavonoid 3'-monooxygenase. The quantification of carotenoids during the development of Citrus fruit was confirmed by quantitative HPLC analysis. Significant qualitative changes in the carotenoid pattern included an increase in -cryptoxanthin and decrease in lutein content during citrus fruit development. In the fruit flesh, the content of most carotenoid components except lutein was increased during fruit development. However, the degree of quantitative monthly variation in carotenoid content in fruit flesh was less than that in peels. The carotenoid components showing the greatest quantitative variation in peels were lutein and -cryptoxanthin. The content of lutein in peels sharply decreased from June to November, whereas the content of -cryptoxanthin increased greatly from June to November. A similar quantitative variation in the content of lutein and -cryptoxanthin was also observed in the flesh. We also compared the content of carotenoids between wild-type and a red color mutant of C. unshiu. Quantitative variation in carotenoid content, except for lutein, form peels and flesh were not significantly different between wild-type and the radiation mutant. Lutein content, a yellow color pigment, in mutant from October was lower than wild type of Citrus. (This work was supported by the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) grant funded by the Korea government(MEST) (No. 20100007627).)(SRAA)
1,2 3 4 1

Purification of Antibacterial Compounds from Rare Actinomycete MJMGP2

Dong-Ryung Lee, Jinhua Cheng, In-Ae Lee, SangJoon Mo, Joo-Won Suh* Department of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea There is increasing public concern over therise in bacterial infection, particularly with the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistant strains. Natural products are big source for screening of useful antibacterial compounds. Particularly, actinomycetes are known to produce many secondary metabolites with antagonistic activities. With the expectation of new antibacterial antibiotics, we searched actinomycetes which produce potent antibacterial compounds from ECUM(Extract Collection of Useful Microorganism) in Myungji Univ. and selected a strainwith strong antibacterial activity. This strain showed 99% similarity with rare actinomycetes by 16S rDNA sequence that produced glycopeptides, and was designated MJMGP2. The strain produces compounds with strong antibacterial activity but not glycopeptides confirmed by glycopeptidesspecific detection system. For isolation of this compound, fifteen liters of culture broth was obtained, and extracted with Ethyl acetate. The crude extract was separated by using Sephadex LH-20, active fraction were pooled, and applied to prep-HPLC. Active fraction against bacteria was concentrated and the structure is being analyzed.(SRAA)

PBM-114

PBM-116

The Effect of Bee Venom on Ovalbumin-induced Asthma Model

Soojin Park , Minkyu Shin , Moochang Hong , Hyunsu Bae 1 Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center,College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemungu, ,Seoul130-701, Republic of Korea, 2BK21 Oriental Medical Science Center, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, ,Seoul130-701, Republic of Korea Asthma is a chronic disease marked by airway hyperreactivity and inflammation. Bee venom(BV) has been traditionally used in oriental medicine to relieve pain and to treat chronic inflammatory diseases. Some recent reports suggest that BV maybe an effective treatment for patients with asthma. However, there are still some unanswered questions relating to efficacy of BV therapy in asthma. The CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cell(Treg) play an important role in regulating the immune response. Treg can reduce inflammation and allergic reactions through its inhibitory functions. In this study, we reasoned that BV inhibits inflammatory diseases by effect on Treg and examined the effect of BV in nave mice. Diverse concentration was treated everyday for 5days and BV significantly expanded Treg on 1mg/kg concentration. This result proposes that BV can attenuate asthma. We used 7-10 weeks female Balb/c mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA). As a result, BV decreased inflammatory cytokine secretion including IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 in bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL) fluid. Also BV was significantly decrease structural remodeling of the airway. The number of Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, Macrophage, and total cells were significantly lower in the BV group than the OVA group. These results suggest that BV has potential therapeutic value for controlling asthma responses resulting from exposure to allergens. work was supported by the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation(KOSEF) grant funded by the Korea government (Ministry of Education,Science and Technology)(NO.2011-0063466)
1 2 2 2

Roles of Positive Regulator and Negative Regulator of FK506 Biosynthesis in Streptomyces sp. KCCM 11116P
SangJoon Mo, Joo-Won Suh* Department of Enviromental Engineering and Biotechnology, Myongji Univ., Yongin, Gyunggido, Korea 449-728 FK506 is an important 23-membered polyketide macrolide with immunosuppressant activity. Its entire biosynthetic gene cluster was previously cloned from Streptomycessp. KCCM 11116P, and sequence analysis identified three putative regulatory genes. Overexpression of pathway-specific regulatory gene (positive regulatory gene) improved the production of both FK506 and FK520 by approximately 2.0-fold, and deletion of pathway-specific regulatory gene caused a complete loss of FK506 and FK520 production. While overexpression of negative regulatory gene slightly decreased the production of FK506 and FK520, deletion of negative regulatory gene causeda 1.9-fold and 1.5-fold increase in FK506 and FK520 production, respectively. Finally, positive regulatory gene overexpression in the negative regulatory gene deletion strain resulted in a 4.0-fold (21 mg/liter) increase in FK506 production compared with the wild-type strain. These results indicate that positive regulatory protein is essential for FK506/FK520 biosynthesis and negative regulatory gene negatively regulates their biosynthesis, and demonstrate the potential of exploiting this information for strain improvement.

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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PBM-117

PBM-119

In vitro Synergistic Effect of Antibiotics in Combination with Fucoidan against Oral Pathogenic Bacteria
Jeong-Dan Cha*, Kyeung-Ae Jang Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Natural Sciences, Dongeui University Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide that is primarily extracted from brown seaweeds which has been broadly studied in recent years due to its numerous biological properties, including anticoagulant, antithrombotic, antitumor and antiviral activities. In this study, fucoidan was evaluated against oral bacteria, either alone or with antibiotics, via broth dilution method and checkerboard and time kill assay. MIC/MBC values for the fucoidan against all the tested bacteria ranged between 125-500/250-1000 microg/mL, for ampicillin 0.0156-8/0.0625-16 microg/mL and for gentamicin 1-256/4-512 microg/mL respectively. Furthermore, the MIC and MBC were reduced to one half-eighth as a result of the combination of the fucoidan with antibiotics. 1-2 hours of treatment with 1/2 MIC of lavender oil with 1/2 MIC of antibiotics resulted from an increase of the rate of killing in units of CFU/mL to a greater degree than was observed with alone. These results suggest that fucoidan are important in the antibacterial actions of the agents. Acknowledgement: This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (KRF-20110023479).

Antibacterial and Synergistic Effects of Sophora flavescens against Oral Pathogenic Bacteria
Jeong-Dan Cha*, Sung-Mi Choi, Haeng-Eun Lee Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Natural Sciences, Dongeui University Sophora flavescens contains alkaloids, triterpenoids, and flavonoids, some of which have shown various biological activities such as antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-diabetic effects. The in vitro antibacterial activity of extract and several fractions of S. flavescens roots alone and in combination with antibiotics (ampicillin and gentamicin) by means of fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICI) as well as by the use of time-kill assays against oral bacteria were studied. The n-BuOH and EtOAc fractions were exhibited stronger activity than other fractions and extract on tested oral bacteria. The MIC/MBC values for BuOH fraction against all the tested bacteria ranged between 0.313-2.5/ 0.625-2.5 g/mL, for EtOAc fraction 0.625-5/1.25-10 g/mL, respectively. The MIC and MBC were reduced to one half-fourth as a result of the combination of n-BuOH and EtOAc fractions with antibiotics. 2-3 hours of treatment with 1/2 MIC of the n-BuOH fraction with 1/2 MIC of antibiotics resulted in an increase in the rate of killing in units of CFU/mL to a greater degree than was observed with alone. The results suggest that n-BuOH and EtOAc fractions of S. flavescens roots could be employed as a natural antibacterial agent against cariogenic and periodontopathogenic bacteria. Acknowledgement: This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (KRF-20110023479).

PBM-118

PBM-120

Secondary Metabolites from the Propolis Isolation

Jae-Sung Park, Jun-Young Kim, Young-Ju Ahn, Eun-Mi Ahn* Department of Harbal Foodceutical Science, Daegu-hanny University, Gyeongsan, 712-715, Korea Propolis, natural resinousproduct collected by honeybees from buds and exudates of various of plant sources, has been used empirically as a traditional remedy in folk medicine for centuries. Propolis consists of approximately 300 plant derived compounds including flavonoids, phenolic acids, cinnamic acid derivatives, terpenoids, cellulose and amino acids. Recently, It possesses several biological activities such as antiinflammatory, anti-viral and anti bacterial. In this study, a few structures of the isolated compounds from Propolis was determined by analysis instrument. The Propolis were extracted with 70% aqueous EtOH and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH and H2O, successfully. The repeated silica gel, ODS, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographic separation from EtOAc led to the isolation of two 1 compounds. From the results of spectroscopic data including H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and DEPT, the chemical structures of the compound were determined as chrysin(1), galangin(2) respectly. These compounds were known asbiologically active compounds in many plants and possesses potent anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-oxidation, anti-mutagenic properties.

The Biological Activity of the Phenanthrene Constituents Isolated from the Stem of Juncus effusus
Jae-Sung Park, Jun-Young Kim, Young-Ju Ahn, Eun-Mi Ahn* Department of Harbal Foodceutical Science, Daegu-hanny University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Korea Juncus effusus L.ranges from the tropical and subtropical zones to the frigid zone and is often found in wetlands and coastal marshes. The medullae can be utilized to cure irritability and insomnia. Recently, antioxidant and antiviral activities are reported in an ethyl-acetate extract. This study aims that isolated compounds from the Juncus effusus EtOAc layer fraction were measured by antioxidant and anticancer activities. In this study, the dried and powdered stems of Juncus effussus were extracted with 70% aqueous EtOH and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH and H2O, successfully. From the EtOAc fraction, three of phenanthrene constituent repeated silica gel, ODS, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. On the basis of spectroscopic methods, such as 1 H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT, and 2D-NMR, the chemical structures of the three phenanthrene were determined as effusol(1), dehydroeffusol(2), and the other compound(3). Their antioxidant activity is determined by measuring free radical scavenging activity by DPPH and Azino-bis (ABTS) assay. As a result, It measured all of isolated compounds have strong activity by anti-oxidative experiment, depend on concentration.

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Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBM-121

PBM-123

Stilbene Derivatives Inhibit LFA-1/ICAM-1-mediated Cell Adhesion

Seung Woong Lee, Hyun-Mee Oh, Chang-Kwon Kim, Bo Ra Yun, Mi Hwa Kim, Mun-Chual Rho* Eco-friendly Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Jeonbuk 580-185, Republic of Korea Seven stilbenes were isolated from the MeOH extract of Rheum undulatum rhizomes and Polygoni cuspidati roots by bioactivity-guided fractionation. The structures of the compounds were determined by spectroscopic 1 13 analysis ( H-, C-NMR and MS), to be desoxyrhapontingenin (1), rhapontingenin (2), trans-resveratrol (3), piceatannol (4), Piceatannol3'-O--D-glucopyranoside (5), isorhapontin (6) and piceid (7).These compounds (1-7) and other stilbene derivatives (8-12) were measured cell adhesion inhibitory activities. result, compounds 1, 2, 3, 4 and 9 inhibited the direct binding between sICAM-1 and LFA-1 of THP-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 50.1, 25.3, 33.4, 45.9 and 48.6 mM, respectively.However, other compounds did notshow any inhibitory activity in the cell adhesion assay (IC50 values of >100.0 M).

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils Extracted from Citrus SetokaMature and Immature Fruit in Jeju Island
Sang Suk Kim 1*, Mi-ae Kang 1, Sun Yi Lee1, Kyung Jin Park 1, Suk Man Park 1, 2 1 Nam Ho Lee , Young Hun Choi 1 Citrus Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Jeju, 697-943, Korea, 2Department of Chemistry, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea Due to increases in antibiotic resistance, there is mounting interest in essential oils as alternatives to synthetic drugs, particularly against microbial agents. In the present study, we evaluated the chemical compositionand the antibacterial activity of the 'Setoka' mature and immature fruit essential oil. 'Setoka' mature and immature fruit were collected from Jeju Island, south of Korea, and the essential oil was examined by GC/MS and bacteriological tests. The major constituents of 'Setoka' mature and immature fruit were limonene (88.41% and 73.6%), linalool (7.3% and 2.19%) and terpineol (1.18% and 6.6%). The antibacterial activities of 'Setoka' mature and immature fruit against skin pathogens have not previously been reported. Thus, we determined the anti-bacterial activities of 'Setoka' mature and immature fruit using the disk diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values. In this study, 'Setoka' mature and immature fruit showed excellent antibacterial activities against drug-susceptible and -resistant skin pathogens such as Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis which are acne-causing bacteria. In addition, 'Setoka' mature and immature fruit reduced the Propionibacterium acnes-induced secretion of tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) and interleukin8 (IL-8) in THP-1 cells, indicating its anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, 'Setoka' mature and immature fruit were also examined on DPPH radical scavenging activities, which showed moderate antioxidant activity (IC50, 40 L/mL and 35.3 L/mL). Taken together, we suggest that 'Setoka' mature and immature fruit may be an attractive candidate as an ingredient for skin care products.

PBM-122

PBM-124

Screening of Radical Scavenging Activity and Gastric Cancer Prevention Activity from Korean Folk Plants
Ji Myung Choi , Seung Mi Sin , Ji Yeon Choi , Hye Min Kim , Kyung Choi , Jajung Ku 3, Kwang Woo Park 3, Eun Ju Cho 1*, Sanghyun Lee 2* 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea, 2Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, 3 Anseong 456-756, Korea, Department of Forest Resource Conservation, Korea National Arboretum, Pochoeon 487-821, Korea This study was conducted to screen of Korean folk plants (KFP) with radical scavenging activity and prevention effect from gastric cancer. Scavenging activities on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical (OH), microbial inhibition activity against Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and growth inhibitory effects in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells (AGS) were investigated. Among 54 plants, 22 and 54 plants at 100 g/mL showed over 80% scavenging activity of DPPH and OH, respectively. In particular, Mukdenia rossi (Oliver) Koidzumi showed the strongest radical scavenging activity against DPPH and OH. In addition, the treatment of 9 plants at the concentration of 10 g/30 L showed strong antimicrobial activity (clear zone > 13 mm) against H. pylori and 8 plants inhibited over 60% growth of AGS cells at 100 g/mL. Especially, Alopecurus aequalis Sobolewski and Compositae scavenged radical and inhibited growth of gastric cancer cells the most effectively, suggesting the promising novel resources for the prevention of degenerative diseases including gastric cancer. * Acknowledgement : This work was supported by grants from Scientific Research of Korea National Arboretum.
1 1 1 2 3

Induction Apoptosis and Synergistic Effect of Nobiletin in Human Gastric Cancer SNU-16 Cells
Jeong Yong Moon , HyoenJi Kim , Deok Hyeon Jeon , Trang Thi Mai , Yeon Woo Song 1, Rajendra Gyawali3,4, Kwang Seok Ahn 5, Somi kim Cho1,2,3* 1 Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National 2 University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, The Research Institute for Subtropical Agriculture and Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 3Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 4dKathmandu University Department of Pharmacy, Kavre, Dhulikhel, Nepal, 5Oriental Medicine Pathological Laboratory, Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center 1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu Seoul, 130-701, Korea Nobiletin, a typical polymethoxyl flavone from Citrus, has been shown to possess anti-cancer, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in cancer cells. In the present study we examined the anti-proliferation inducing property of various flavonoids in SNU-16 human gastric cancer cells. Nobiletin was found as the best anti-proliferation inducing agent among the tested flavonoids and it induced an apoptosis which was via intrinsic pathway by cleavage of caspase-9 and decreasing the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax. To examine therapeutic synergism occurred with the combination therapy of nobiletin and anti-cancer drug 5-fluorouracil, the cells were treated with the lowest effective dosages. Combination result showed that the apoptosis was slightly increased at 24h but significantly increased at 48 h as compared to either compound alone. 2-DE-gel electrophoresis of nobiletin induced apoptotic cells showed that in total, marked 17 spots were successfully identified. In conclusion, nobiletin is playing prominent role to increase the apoptosis of SNU-16 cells via intrinsic pathway and its potentiality can be enhanced by the combination treatment with 5- fluorouracil.
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Changes of the Amino Acids Composition by Processing Types of Vegetables

Su-Yeon Kim , Bo-Min Kim , Heon-Woong Kim , Jung-Bong Kim *, 1 1 1 1 So-Young Kim , Se-Na Kim , Young-Sook cho , Jae-Hyun Kim , Hong-Ju Park1, Han-Seok Choi2 1 Functional Food & Nutrition Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, 2 Suwon 441-853, Korea, Fermentation & Food Processing Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon 441-853, Korea This study was conducted to investigate the changes of amino acids composition by the processing types(control, blanching, high temperature and pressure) of vegetables(carrot, crown daisy, cabbage, onion, garlic, Artemisia iwayomogi Kitamura) using amino acid autoanalyzer. The 15 types of amino acids including threonine(Thr), valine(Val), isoleucine(Ile), leucine(Leu), phenylalanine(Phe) and lysine(Lys) as essential amino acids were examined in this experiments. In the total amino acids content, carrot, crown daisy, cabbage, onion, galic and Artemisia iwayomogi Kitamura of control type showed contents of 3.30.1 g/100g, 20.90.6 g/100g, 8.70.2 g/100g, 6.50.1 g/100g, 16.30.3 g/100g, 11.10.2 g/100g, respectively. Additionally, control and blanching showed the similar patterns but high temperature and pressure reduced contents of Lys and Arg in amino acid composition. As a results, Lys and Arg were more sensitive factors than other amino acids in the type of high temperature and pressure. (SRAA)
1 1 1 1

Protective Effects of Neolignans Isolated from the Barks of Magnolia obovata against Glutamate-induced Cytotoxicity on Hippocampal Neuronal (HT22) Cells
Eun-Ju Yang , Ji Hye Jeong , Han-Yeol Bang , Se-Hoon Park , Jun-Yub Lee 3, Kyung-Sik Song 3* 1 BK21 Research Team for Developing Functional Health Food Materials, Kyungpook National University, 1370, Sankyuk-Dong, Daegu 702-701, Korea, 2 School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 3College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University In neuronal cells, glutamate toxicity leads to generation of reactive oxygen species which contributes to apoptosis in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimers disease and Parkinsons disease. Therefore, the searching of anti-oxidative compounds, which could protect the neuronal cells against glutamate-mediated cytotoxicity is needed for prevention of neurodegenerative disorders. The barks of Magnolia obovata had been used as a traditional medicine for fever, diarrhea, and headache, but its protective effect on glutamate-stressed neuronal cell death is unknown. In this study, we studied the neuroprotective effects of neolignans isolated from the bark of M. obovata on glutamate-treated mouse hippocampal neuronal (HT22) cells. The dried barks of M. obovata (5 kg) were refluxed with 95% ethanol, and the extract was partitioned with ethyl acetate. The EtOAc soluble fraction (54 g) was chromatographed over silica gel columns to isolate three compounds (1-3). The chemical structures of 1, 2, and 3 were identified as obovatol, honokiol, and magnolol, respectively, on the basis of the 1H- and 13 C-NMR data. The HT22 cell viability was increased by 10 mM of 1 and 2, and 50 mM of 3 up to 91.801.70%, 93.591.93%, and 85.367.40%, respectively, while that of 5 mM glutamate-exposed group was 16.984.58% over the control (100.0010.15%). This result indicates that isolated neolignans are expected to be useful for preventing the neurodegenerative diseases.
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Macrophage-stimulating Activities of Polysaccharides Isolated from the Mature Leaves of Camellia sinensis L.
Sun Young Jo, Hyun-Sun Lee, Hye-Ryung Park, Kwang-Soon Shin* Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Gyeonggido 443-760, Korea. In order to develop the new physiologically active polysaccharides from mature tea (Camellia sinensis L.) leaves, two extracts were made using hot water(GTW) and pectinase digests (GTE-0) and they were estimated about the effect of macrophage functions. GTE-0 showed higher than GTW on the production of cytokines such as ILIL12 and TNF-a in peritoneal macrophages. GTW and GTE-0 significantly increased the phagocytic activity of murine peritoneal macrophages on FITC-labeled E. coliin a dose dependent manner. However, GTE-0 is more effective in increasing phagocytosis. GTW and GTE-0 significantly augmented the oxygen burst response, H2O2 and NO production of macrophages, and the activity of GTE-0 was more potent than that of GTW in all the assays. The GTE-0 (100 g/mouse) were injected i.p 3day before assay. And then the macrophages obtained from the GTE-0-treated group showed significantly higher tumoricidal activity against YAC-1 tumor cells than that of the vehicle. But macrophages obtained from the GTW-treated group didnt show any activity against YAC-1 tumor cells. These data suggest that the polysaccharides obtained from mature tea-leaves have themacrophagestimulating activities. The results presented lead to conclude that the pectinase-treated process is indispensable to obtain polysaccharides having immune-stimulating.

Optimal Extraction Methods for Determining Tocopherols and Tocotrienols and Antioxidant Activities of Transgenic Soybean with OsHGGT Gene in Seeds and Germinating Seeds
Yu Young Lee1, Hyang Mi Park 1, Choon Ki Lee 1, Sun Lim Kim 1, Tae-Young 1 1 1 1 2 Hwang , Man Soo Choi , Dea-Wook Kim , Young-Up Kwon , Sang Chul Lee , 1 Yul Ho Kim * 1 National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 2 Gyeonggi, 441-857, Korea, School of Applied Bioscience, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea The transgenic soybeans producing tocotrienols which are not found in soybean were developed. To establish optimal extraction method for transgenic soybean, we applied three different extraction methods in seeds and germinating seeds, respectively. Significant differences were observed among the extraction methods in seeds and germinating seed respectively. In the seeds, the highest analytical values(Tocopherols and tocotrienols) were observed using rapid soxhlet extraction. In the germinating seeds, the content of total vitamin E (tocopherols, 180.4, 207.3 g/g; and tocotrienols, 8.2 and 8.4 g/g) of transgenic soybean(B20, C5) in direct extraction were about 16% and 9% higher than that of in the saponication method. The extracts tested antioxidant activities including 1,1-diphenyl2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS) radicals. In rapid soxhlet extraction, the DPPH, ABTS radical-scavenging activities of transgenic soybean(B20, C5) seed extracts were up 22, 36% and 18, 35% higher than those of extracts from saponication extract. Increased antioxidant activity was also observed in direct extract, i.e., increases of 2.1-fold and 85% in transgenic soybean that hadgerminated for 3 days in the DPPH assays. Also, ABTS radicalscavenging activity of transgenic germinating seed extracts were up 2.1-fold higher, than those of extracts from saponication extract. Therefore, these result suggest that theoptimal extraction method was the most important parameter to determine novel minor functional compounds as biofortification crops for evaluating the biological activity.

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Poster Session

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Natural Products That Have Supressing Activites on Phytopathogensfrom the Screening Method to Compounds
Jeong-Gu Kim *, Choong Hwan Lee , Lin Woo Kang , Sait Byul Park , In 4 4 5 1 Ae Lee , Joo-Won Suh , Tae Jong Kim , Byoung Moo Lee 1 Genomics Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-857, Korea, 2Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 3 Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, Department of Advanced Technology 4 Fusion, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongji University, Yongin 449-728, Korea, 5Department of Forest products and Biotechnology, Kookmin University, Seoul, 136-702, Korea Bacterial blight of rice, soft rot of cabbage and leaf spot of pepper are caused by a Gram negative bacteria, Xanthomonas oryzae pathovar oryzae (Xoo), Pectobacterium carotovorum, and Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria. A screening system for suppressing activity against the pathogen was developed. The suspension of the pathogen is applied to a 96-well plate. Any compound or mixture to be tested is mixed, and then fresh, surface sterilized rice explants is put on the surface. After incubation at 30C for 7 days, the activity can be estimated. This method is very easy, economical and dose-dependent. With the method, the phytotoxicity test is not needed. From the library of various extracts of Streptomyces, several new activities were found. The list includes one compound that has cyclic peptide moiety, one sporin group, and one macrolide.
1 2 3 1,2

Effect of Volatile Organic Chemicals in the Essential Oil of Heracleum moellendorffii on Human Brain Wave
Bo-ram Yeon, Sa-eun Lee, Sungmun Kim* Department of Biological Enviroment, Kangwon National University, Hyoja 3dong 17-1, Chuncheon, Kangwondo Eo-Su-Ri (Heracleum moellendorffii) is a perennial herbal plant growing in mountain area of Korean peninsula. Young leaves Heracleum moellendorffii have been consumed as an edible herb and fruits and roots have been used as an important source in traditional Korean medicine, Han-Yak. Leaves of the plant have good fragrance but no research has been published on the nature of the fragrance. The objective of this study was to understand the fragrance type and organic chemicals in the essential oil of Heracleum moellendorffii, and also the effect of the essential oil on human brain. Heracleum moellendorffii was collected at Yang-gu, Gangwon-do, and the essential oil was produced by steam distillation extraction. The fragrance types of the essential oil were citrus, green, herbal and spicy and their fragrance strength were 5, 7, 6 and 2, respectively. There were 23 volatile organic chemicals in the essential oil, and the major chemicals were limonene (27.06%), -terpinolen (11.87%), germacrene D (11.54%), -caryophyllen (10.39%), and -pinene (9.07%). Electroencephalograms of ten persons were recorded and the data were analyzed by Telescan data analysis software program. The essential oil decreased relative slow alpha power spectrum and increased relative high beta power spectrum. These data indicate that volatile fragrant organic chemicals in the essential oil activated the concentration of human brain.

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AMP-activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Activating Effect of Ursolic Acid Isolated from Hedyotis diffusa WILLD
Han-Yeol Bang , Eun-Ju Yang , Ji Hye Jeong , Se-Hoon Park , Jun-Yub Lee , 3 5 4 Tae-Lin Huh , Ji-Eun Kim , Kyung-Sik Song * 1 School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life-Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 1370, Sankyuk-Dong, Daegu 702-701, Korea, 2 BK21 Research Team for Developing Functional Health Food Materials, Kyungpook 3 National University, College of Natural Science, Kyungpook National University, 4 College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 5TGbioTech, Kyungpook National University AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a trimeric enzyme complex composed of a catalytic subunit and non-catalytic and subunits, and has a role that regulates the cellular and whole-body energy homeostasis, may be a point in metabolic control. In the previous study, we isolated two anthraquinones activating AMPK activity from Hedyotis diffusa. In the subsequent study, an additional AMPK activator was isolated and its structure was determined as ursolic acid (1). 1 significantly activated AMPK and its down-stream, ACC (acetyl-CoA carboxylase) in skeletal muscle L6 cells in a dose dependent manner. In artificially AMPK-activated HEK293 cell lysate, 1 weakly inhibited AMPK dephosphorylation at 40 M, suggesting that the effect was from inhibition of AMPK dephosphorylation. In addition, 1 did not activate AMPK in HeLa cells lacking of LKB1. Also, co-treatment of STO-609, an inhibitor of CaMKK activity, with 1 reduced the phospholaytion of AMPK, indicating that 1 activates AMPK through LKB1 rather than CaMKK. To clarify whether 1 affect on the distribution of LKB1 in the cytosol, recombinant pEGFP:LKB1 plasmid DNA was transfected to the HeLa cell which is lack of LKB1. As a result, in 1 treated cells, LKB1 stayed in the nucleus as in the control group. Therefore, increase in the AMPK phosphorylation by 1 was not concerned with the movement of LKB1 to thecytosol.(SRAA)
1 2 1 4 4

A study on the Anti-inflammatory of the Carthamus tinctorius Seed

Dong-hee Kim, Tae-Soon Park, Eun-Young Hwang, Ju-young Hwang, Bo-Ram Shim, Dong-Ha Jun, Jun-Ho Son* Product development team, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute for Oriental Medicine Industry The objective of this study was to evaluate the skin inflammation effect of the Carthamus tinctorius seed. Regulatory mechanisms of cytokines and nitric oxide(NO) involved in immunological activity of Raw 264.7 cells. Tested cells were pretreated with 70% acetone extracted of Carthamus tinctorius seed and further cultured for an appropriated time after lipopolyssacharide(LPS) addition. During the entire experimental period, 5, 10, 25, 50 ug/ml of Carthamus tinctorius seed had no cytotoxicity. In these concentrations, Carthamus tinctorius seed inhibited the production of NO and prostaglandin E2(PGE2), tumor necorsis factor-a(TNF-a), interleukin-1(IL-1), interleukin-6(IL-6) expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2). Carthamus tinctorius seed showed 60% of PGE2 inhibition rateat 50ug/ml. iNOS and COX-2 inhibition activity 54%, and 65% at 50ug/ml, respectively. Inaddition, Carthamus tinctorius seed extract reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-a, IL-1 and IL-6. These results suggest that Carthamus tinctorius seed may have significant effects on inflammatory factors, and may be a potential anti-inflammatory therapeutic agent.

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A Study on Physiological Effect of Carthamus tinctorius Seed and the Development of Functional Cosmetics
Dong-Hee Kim, Eun-young Hwang, Ju-Young Hwang, Tae-Soon Park, Bo-Ram Shim, Dong-Ha Jun, Jun-Ho Son* Product development team, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute for Oriental Medicine Industry The solvent extracts of Carthamus tinctorius seed were investigated for the activities of antioxidant, whitening and anti-wrinkle effects to apply as a functional ingredient for cosmetic products. The electron donating ability of Carthamus tinctorius seed extracts were above 85% at the concentration of 1,000 ug/ml. The superoxide dismutase(SOD)-like activity of Carthamus tinctorius seed extracts was about 60% at 1,000ug/ml concentration. The superoxide anion radical inhibitory effect of Carthamus tinctorius seed extract was about 80% at 1,000ug/ml concentration. The tyrosinase inhibitory effect, which is related to skin- whitening, was 45% in Carthamus tinctorius seed at 1,000ug/ml. For anti-wrinkle effect, the elastase and collagenase inhibition activity of Carthamus tinctorius seed were about 40% and 90% at 1,000ug/ml respectively.

Antioxidant Activities of Solvent Fractions from Persimmon calyx Extracts

Eun-Young Hwang, Dong-Hee Kim, Jo-Young Hwang, Tae-Soon Park, Bo-Ram Shim, Dong-Ha Jun, Jun-Ho Son* Regional innovation system, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute for Oriental medicinee Industry, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute for Oriental medicine Industry, 712-260, Korea In this study, antioxidant activity of methanol extracts and fractions (n-hexane, EtOAc, BuOH and water) from persimmon calyx were investigated in vitro. Contents of poly phenol and flavonoid in ethyl acetate fraction was found to be extremely high (compared with the other fractions examined). Radical-scavenging activities of ethanol extracts and fractions were examined using ,-diphenyl--picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and superoxide anion radical assay. As a result, ethyl acetate fraction of persimmon calyx showed the highest radical-scavenging activity in various antioxidant system. Therefore, the persimmon calyx extract/ fractions could be used as natural phamaceutical and cosmeceutical in the food, medical and cosmetic industries.

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PBM-136

A Study on the Melanin Synthesis Inhibition and Whitening Effect of Carthamus tinctorius Seed, Cyperus rotundus, Schizonepeta tenuifolia Extracts
Eun-Young Hwang, Dong-Hee Kim, Jo-Young Hwang, Tae-Soon Park, Bo-Ram Shim, Dong-Ha Jun, Jun-Ho Son* product develoment team, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute for Oriental medicinee Industry, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute for Oriental medicine Industry, 712-260, Korea The objective of the present study was to evaluate the skin whitening effect of the extracts of 3 herbs, Carthamus tinctorius seed, Cyperus rotundus, Schizonepeta tenuifolia. Their effects on tyrosinase and melanin synthesis inhibitory action were further assessed, and we found that the Carthamus tinctorius seed ethanol extracts reduced the tyrosinase activity and melanin formation of B16F10 melanoma cells. Also, Carthamus tinctorius seed suppressed the expression of MITF(microphthalmia associated transcription factor), tyrosinase, TRP-1(tyrosinase related protein 1) and TRP-2 (tyrosinase related protein 2) in B16F10 melanoma cells. These results show that Carthamus tinctorius seed inhibited melanin production on the melanogenesis. The underlying mechanism of Carthamus tinctorius seed in whitening activity may be due to the inhibition of tyrisinase, melanin synthesis activity and MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2 expression. The results suggested that Carthamus tinctorius seed has a great potential as a natural functional ingredients with whitening effect.

Chemical Compositions, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oil from Korean Orange Peel
Xiao Nan Yang, Sharif M. Al-Reza, Sun Chul Kang* Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyoungsan City, Kyoungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea This study was carried out to assess antimicrobial and antioxidant effect of Korean orange peel essential oil. The compositions of essential oil were analyzed by GC-MS. Eight compounds were identified as l-limonene (88.11%), -terpinene (4.66%), cyclohexane, 2,4-diisopropenyl- 1-methyl1-vinyl (1.82%), diethyl phthalate (1.02%), -linalool (0.97%), -myrcene (0.91%), -farnesene (0.91%) and o-cymene (0.85%). The SC50 values of this essential oil on DPPH and superoxide anion were 0.21 and 0.22% (v/v), respectively. The antibacterial activities of the peel essential oil were investigated by zone of inhibition, MIC and MBC against four grampositive and three gram-negative food-borne pathogenic bacteria. The oil displayed antibacterial effects against B. ceres KCTC 14042, B. subtilis ATCC 6633 and S. aureus ATCC6538.(SRAA)

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Poster Session

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PBM-139

1-hydroxy-2-oxopomolic Acid Isolated from Agrimoniae pilosa Extract Inhibits Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Cells
Eun-Kyung Ahn , Jung A Lee , Seong Su Hong , Joa Sub Oh * 1 Drug Evaluation Team, Gyeonggi Institute of Science &Technology Promotion Natural Products Research Institute, 864-1 Ieui-dong, Yeoungtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 443-766, Republic of Korea, 2College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, San29, Anseo-dong, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, 330-714, Republic of Korea In order to determine anti-adipogenic effect, this study investigated 1 -hydroxy-2-oxopomolic acid isolated from Agrimoniae pilosa inhibits adipocyte differentiation and expression of adipogenic marker genes, such as PPAR, C/EBP, GLUT4, adiponectin, aP2, ADD1/SREBP1c, resistin, and Fas in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte. We demonstrated that 1-hydroxy-2oxopomolic acid induced a significant decrease in lipid accumulation and expression of adipogenic marker genes in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, 1-hydroxy-2-oxopomolic acid reduced the transcripitional activity of PPAR induced by troglitazone, a potent diabetes agent; it also suppressed expression of PPAR and C/EBP protein levels. These findings demonstrated effective inhibition of adipocyte differentiation through downregulation of various adipocytokines, particularly the PPAR gene, by 1-hydroxy-2-oxopomolic acid isolated from Agrimonia pilosa. Acknowledgement This research was supported by Industrialization Support Program for Bio-technology of Agriculture and Forestry (810007-03-1SU000), Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Republic of Korea.
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Antioxidants from Basidiomycete, Stropharia rugosoannulata

Dae-Won Ki , In-Kyoung Lee , Young-Sook Kim , Soon-Ja Seok , Bong-Sik Yun 1* 1 Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-752, 2 Korea, Rural Development Administration, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon, 441-707, Korea Oxidative DNA damage by reactive oxygen species is generally regarded as carcinogenic and implicates in the pathogenesis of various human diseases including cancer, atherosclerosis, neurodegeneration, and aging. Hydroxyl radical is generated through Fenton reaction from hydrogen peroxide in the presence of iron. It rapidly attacks almost all cellular biomolecules including DNA and therefore, actively participates in many pathological processes. Inhibition of Fenton reaction may reduce the generation of hydroxyl radicals and consequently, alleviate the hydroxyl radical-related diseases. In the course of screening for Fenton reaction inhibitors from Basidiomycetes, we found that the methanolic extract of the fruiting bodies of Stropharia rugosoannulata exhibited potent inhibitory activity against Fenton reaction. S. rugosoannulata is an agaric type of the family Strophariaceae found in Asia, Europe and North America, and unlike many other members of the genus Stropharia, it is widely regarded as edible and cultivated for food. The methanolic extract of S. rugosoannulatawas partitioned subsequently between hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate and water. An active fraction was chromatographed on columns of Sephadex LH-20, silica gel, and C18 Sep-pak cartridge, consecutively. In this study, we will present the isolation, structure determination and biological properties of active substances from the fruiting bodies of S. rugosoannulata. (SRAA)
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Antioxidants from Basidiomycete, Fomes fomentarius

Myeong-Seok Lee, In-Kyoung Lee, Young-Sook Kim, Bong-Sik Yun* Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-752, Korea Basidiomycetes represent an ecologically important group of organisms in the environment, and are known to produce a large variety of secondary metabolites with unique chemical structures and interesting biological activities. In the course of screening for antioxidants from Korean native mushroom extracts, we found that the methanolic extract of the fruiting body of Fomes fomentarius exhibited potent free radical scavenging activity. F. fomentarius belonging to polyporaceae family is a species of fungal plant pathogen found in Europe, Asia, Africa and North America. It is also used to make a popular drink, which is believed in Japan to be a tonic and to have an anticancer effect. It has been reported that F. fomentariushas an anti-inflammatory activity, anti-nociceptive effects and inhibitory effect of virus infection on plant. Moreover, it produced mainly the red-brown purpurogallin derivative fomentariol, which is concentrated in the hard crust of the basidiomata and is responsible for the intense red color produced when this fungus is treated with alkali. In this study, we isolated free radical scavengers from the fruiting body of F. fomentarius, and their chemical structures were determined by spectroscopic methods. Additionally, antioxidant capacity of these compounds was estimated by the ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging assay, reducing power assay and DNA single strand breakage assay methods.(SRAA)

Computational Approach for the Analysis of Post-PKS Glycosylation

Ki-Bong Kim* Department of Biomedical Technology, Sangmyung University This paper deals with a computational approach for analysis of glycosylation in Post-PKS tailoring steps. It is a computational method to predict the deoxysugar biosynthesis unit pathway and the substrate specificity of glycosyltransferases involved in the glycosylation of polyketides. In this work, a directed and weighted graph is introduced to represent and predict the deoxysugar biosynthesis unit pathway. In addition, a homology based gene clustering method is used to predict the substrate specificity of glycosyltransferases. It is useful for the rational design of polyketide natural products, which leads to in silico drug discovery

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PBM-141

PBM-143

Comparative Antioxidant Activity of Different Solvent Fractions from Prunella vulgaris and Inhibitory Actions on Collagenase
Eun-Sil Lee , Geun-Hye Park , Kyung-Yun Kang , Hyeon-Jeong Kim , 2 1 Jin-Young Lee , Bong-Jeun An * 1 Department of Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongbuk, 712-715, Korea, 2Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea The purpose of this study was to antioxidant activity and inhibitory actions on collagenase from Prunella vulgaris fractions. Layer fraction is Chloroform, Ethyl acetate, Butyl alcohol, H2O, using four types of solvents used in the experiment were frozen. In the first experiment is electron donating ability of Prunella vulgaris CHCl3, EtOAc, BuOH, H2O fraction showed each over 62%, 82%, 47%, 18% at a 1000ug/mL concentration. As the second experiment measurement of ABTS radical cation scavenging activity of Prunella vulgaris CHCl3, EtOAc, BuOH, H2O fraction showed each over 98%, 99%, 94%, 91% at a 1000ug/mL concentration. NBTXanthine oxidase ability of Prunella vulgaris CHCl3, EtOAc, BuOH, H2O fraction showed each over 97%, 99%, 93%, 76% at a 1000ug/mL concentration. The last Measurement For Ability of wrinkles inhibition on Collagenase inhibitory activity of Prunella vulgaris EtOAc, BuOH fraction showed each over 92%, 15%, at a 1000ug/mL concentration. As a result, Prunella vulgaris fractions showed the possibility for antioxidant and Inhibitory Actions on Collagenase properies.(SRAA)
1 1 1 1

Verification of Physiological Activities of the Solvent Fractions from Kaki Calyx

Kyung-Yun Kang , Geun-Hye Park , Eun-Sil Lee , Hyeon-Jeong Kim , 2 1 Jin-Young Lee , Bong-Jeun An * 1 Department of Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongbuk, 712-715, Korea, 2Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea The biological activities of the solvent fractions from Kaki Calyx. was investigated. Layer fraction is Chloroform, Ethyl acetate, Butyl alcohol, H2O, using four types of solvents used in the experiment were frozen. The electron donating ability of Kaki Calyx. CHCl3, EtOAc, BuOH, H2O fraction showed each over 64%, 95%, 96%, 79%at a 1000ug/mL concentration. The superoxide dismutase ability of Kaki Calyx. BuOH fraction showed over 26% at a 1000ug/mL concentration. Measurement of ABTS radical cation scavenging activity of all fraction showed over 98% at a 1000ug/mL concentration. NBT-Xanthine oxidase ability of Kaki Calyx. CHCl3, EtOAC, BuOH, H2O fraction showed each over 97%, 99%, 93%, 76% at a 1000ug/mL concentration. The astringent ability of Kaki Calyx. H2O fraction showed over 58% at a 1000ug/mL concentration. The tyrosinase inhibitioneffect of Kaki Calyx. CHCl3, EtOAc, BuOH, H2O fraction showed each over 12%, 12%, 43%, 28% at a 1000ug/mL concentration. As a result, Kaki Calyx. solvent fractions showed the sufficient antioxidative, whitening and as a natural and functional additives. (SRAA)
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PBM-144

Antioxidant Activities of Extracts from Chestnut burs, and Inhibitory Actions on Elastase and Collagenase
Hyeon-Jeong Kim , Geun-Hye Park , Kyung-Yun Kang , Eun-Sil Lee , Jin-Young Lee2, Dong-Hee Kim 3, Bong-Jeun An 1* 1 Department of Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongbuk, 712-715, Korea, 2Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, 3 hungnam, 336-795, Korea, Development Division, Daegu Gyeongbuk institute for Oriental Medicine Industry, Gyeongbuk, 440-22, Korea The solvent extracts of Chestnut burs were investigated for the activities of antioxidant and anti-wrinkle effects. The Chestnut burs was extracted with water at 80(CHW), 70% ethanol(CBE), 70% acetone(CBA). The electron donating ability of Chestnut burs extracts were above water, ethanol and acetone extracts took effect over 80% at 100ug/mL. The superoxide anion radical inhibitory effect of Chestnut burs extract was about CBW(78.2% at 50ug/mL), CBE(79.1% at 50ug/mL), CBA(80.5% at 50ug/mL). The elastase inhibition activity was CBW(61.10% at 1000ug/mL), CBE(73.88% at 1000ug/mL), CBA(70.95% at 1000ug/mL). The collagenase inhibition activity was CBE(52.04% at 1000ug/mL), CBA(56.69% at 1000ug/mL). These results suggest that Chestnut burs may have antiwrinkle activity and antioxidant activity.(SRAA)
1 1 1 1

Anti-inflammatory Effect of the Solvent Fractions from Sanguisorbae officinalis L. Extracts

Geun-Hye Park , Kyung-Yun Kang , Eun-Sil Lee , Hyeon-Jeong Kim , Jin-Young Lee2, Bong-Jeun An 1* 1 Department of Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongbuk, 712-715, Korea, 2Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Chungnam, 336-795, Korea The Anti-inflammatory Effect of the solvent fractions from Sanguisorbae officinalisL. acetone extract was investigated. Layer fraction is Chloroform, Ethyl acetate, Butyl alcohol, H2O, using four types of solvents used in the experiment were frozen. The hyaluronidase inhibition effect of Sanguisorbae officinalis L. CHCl3, EtOAc, BuOH, H2O fraction showed each over 5%, 58%, 55%, 72% at a 1000ug/mL concentration. During the entire experimental period, there was no cytotoxicity found from the solvent fractions from Sanguisorbae officinalis L. acetone extract up to 100ug/mL. Nitric oxide or PGE2 inhibition effect of Sanguisorbae officinalis L. BuOH fraction was above 60% at a 100ug/mL concentration. The inhibitory effects against the expression of inducible NO syntase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were 50% in Sanguisorbae officinalis L. BuOH fraction at 100ug/mL concentration. As a result, the solvent fractions from Sanguisorbae officinalis L. acetone extract was expected anti-inflammatory effect. (SRAA)
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Plenary Lecture

Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PBM-145

PBM-147

Antifungal Activity of Medicinal Plants against Phytopathogens

Dang-Minh-Chanh Nguyen, Dong-Jun Seo, Yong-Su Song, Woo-Jin Jung* Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of EnvironmentallyFriendly Agriculture (IEFA), Gwangju 500-757, Korea In this study, in vitro antifungal activities of plant methanolic extracts from 4 medicinal plants were investigated on the initial growth of mycelium in four fungal species, namely Botrytis cinerea KACC 40574, Fusarium solani KACC 40384, Fusarium oxysforum KACC 40032, and Rhizoctonia solani KACC 40111. Of the 4 medicinal plants tested, Terminalia nigrovenulosa and Cinnamomum cassia crude extract was showed the highest antifungal activity against F. solani and R. solani, respectively. The remainder of the plant extracts showed a slight inhibition to the growth of F. solani. The experimental results also showed that the antifungal activity of T. nigrovenulosa extract was gradually increased with increasing concentrations. The highest T. nigrovenulosa concentration was expressed by 10 mg/paper disc with inhibition of 85% for the growth of F. solani mycelium compared to control at 48 hours after treatment. The hyphal morphology of F. solani in T. nigrovenulosa extracts from the observed treatment and the hyphae showed seriously damage for this treatment. On the other hand, the hyphae tips of F. solani became swollen, collapsed, and even collapsed for treatment with solution containing 5% of T. nigrovenulosa at 24 hours. These results indicate that the crude extract from medicinal plant T. nigrovenulosa could be playing an important role on biological control agent for phytopathogens in field test. (SRAA)

New Sugar Derivatives from the Root of Brassica rapa ssp campestris
Jin-Gyeong Cho , Qian Wu , Rak-Hun Jeong , Ji-Hae Park , Sabina Shresta , 4 2 3 1 Hae-Gon Chung , Kyung-Tae Lee , Myung-Sook Choi , Nam-In Baek * 1 Graduate School of Biotechnology & Institute of Life Sciences and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 2Department of Biochemistry, 3 College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea, 4Ganghwa Agricultural, R & D Center, Incheon 417-833, Korea Brassica rapa is a common deep-purple and conical shaped edible root vegetable in Korea, which is well known for its ability to alleviate jaundice, to combat liver illnesses, to relieve hangover, and to improve chronic constipation and kidney functions. The ingestion of B. campestris L. is good for human health because of some phytochemicals. This study was initiated for identification of a variety of functional constituents from the roots of B. campestris L. The roots of Brassica rapa (77.1 kg) were extracted with 95% aqueous EtOH, and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O, successively. From the EtOAc fraction, three sugar derivatives were isolated via the repeated silica gel and octadecyl silica gel (ODS) column chromatographies. From the results of spectroscopic data including NMR, MS, and IR, the chemical structures of the compounds were determined as sucrose 2,6,3,4-triisovalerate (1), sucrose 3,3,4-triisovalerate (2), sucrose 6,3,4-triisovalerate (3). Compound (2) and (3) are new compounds. The compound (1) was isolated from B. campestrisL. for the first time.
1 1 1 1 1

PBM-146

PBM-148

Chitinase Activity of Cultural Varieties of Soybean in Korea

Dong-Jun Seo, Dang-Minh-Chanh Nguyen, Yong-Su Song, Woo-Jin Jung* Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of EnvironmentallyFriendly Agriculture (IEFA), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea This experiment was studied the important role of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins in soybean plant resistant system. Chitinase specific activities were measured in seeds and seedlings (Glycine max L. Merr.) of 9 soybean varieties. The results showed that chitinase activity in soybean seeds was the highest in the T and C varieties (14 U/mL). Three bands (S1, S2, andS3) of chitinase from soybean seed were observed on SDS-PAGE gel. The root of T variety has highest active bands (C1 and C2). A chitinase was purified partially from the seedling, using a combination of 80% ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-sephadex A50, and regenerated chitin affinity column. Two peaks (D1 and D2) had strongly chitinase activity. Also, two bands of chitinase were observed as C1 and C2. Two-dimensional (2-D) electrophoresis were used to identify and quantify the isoforms of the chitinase in soybean seedlings. These results indicated that chitinase of soybean plays an important role in plant defense mechanism.(SRAA)

The Antibacterial Activity of Bee Venom

Gil-Sun Park , Bo-Kyeong Lee , Jum-Ji Kim , Hee-Beom Yoo , Ji-Hae Kim , Chung-Sub Han 2, Mi-Young Lee 1* 1 Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 2 Chungnam, 336-600, Korea, Marketing team, DongSung Pharm. Co., Ltd., Asan, Chungnam, 336-600, Korea Rep pine (Pinus desiflora) is an important timber species in Korea and its growth might have been influenced by climate change such as temperature and precipitation. This study was conducted to investigate the correlation between annual growth of red pine tree ring and monthly and annual variations of such climate variables in an effort to understand historical tree growth variations. Three tree ring disks and climate variables data were collected from Anmyoundo which is one of the national climate change monitoring sites of South Korea. Annual ring width (from 1902 and 2010) was measured and ring area was calculated. Climate data were available since 1968 and annual tree ring area increments were correlated with monthly and annual variations of mean (Tmean), maximum (Tmax), and minimum (Tmin) air temperature and precipitation. Annual ring area was positively correlated with annual Tmean (r=0.34, P<0.05), monthly Tmean of March (r=0.37, P<0.05) and June (r=0.42, P<0.01), and Tmax of September (r=0.39, P<0.01). Precipitation amount between June and October (active growth season) was also positively correlated (r=0.34, P<0.05) with annual area of tree rings. Therefore, it was suggested that annual Tmean and precipitation amount during the active growth season rather than that during the entire year need to be considered when estimating historical variations in red pine tree growth.
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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PesticidesEnvironmental Sciences - PES

PES-1 PES-3

Correlation of Annual Ring Growth of Red Pine with Monthly and Annual Variations of Temperature and Precipitation at Anmyoundo Climate Change Monitoring Site
Woo-Jung Choi1*, Sang-Sun Lim 1, Kwang-Seung Lee 1, Dinh Viet Hung 1, 2 Kye-Han Lee 1 Department of Rural & Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, 2 Department of Forestry, Chonnam National University Rep pine (Pinus desiflora) is an important timber species in Korea and its growth might have been influenced by climate change such as temperature and precipitation. This study was conducted to investigate the correlation between annual growth of red pine tree ring and monthly and annual variations of such climate variables in an effort to understand historical tree growth variations. Three tree ring disks and climate variables data were collected from Anmyoundo which is one of the national climate change monitoring sites of South Korea. Annual ring width (from 1902 and 2010) was measured and ring area was calculated. Climate data were available since 1968 and annual tree ring area increments were correlated with monthly and annual variations of mean (Tmean), maximum (Tmax), and minimum (Tmin) air temperature and precipitation. Annual ring area was positively correlated with annual Tmean (r=0.34, P<0.05), monthly Tmean of March (r=0.37, P<0.05) and June (r=0.42, P<0.01), and Tmax of September (r=0.39, P<0.01). Precipitation amount between June and October (active growth season) was also positively correlated (r=0.34, P<0.05) with annual area of tree rings. Therefore, it was suggested that annual Tmean and precipitation amount during the active growth season rather than that during the entire year need to be considered when estimating historical variations in red pine tree growth.

Determination of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) in Water from Hospital Wastewater and Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Do Thi Thuy Phuong1,3, Seo-Young Kang1, Eunkyung Lee2, Le Thi Hong Tran3, 3 2 1 Nguyen Tan Phong , Jaeweon Cho , Suil Kang * 1 International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea, 2School of Environmental Science and Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea, 3Faculty of Environment, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam PPCPs, which are generally synthetic organic compounds, have emerged as environmental contaminants with potentially widespread environmental effects. Although no clear evidence had been found of human health effects from PPCPs in the environment, PPCPs is still concerned about risk associated with ecological harm and long-term exposure with these compounds to human and animals. PPCPs are found where people or animals are treated with drugs and people use personal care products, then PPCPs are released into wastewater which treated in WWTPs. Study were conducted for samples in four WWTPs, two domestic WWTPs and two hospital WWTPs in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam. Combination of solid phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method was employed for detection of nineteen target PPCPs. Owing to hydrophilic and lipophilic retention properties, Oasis HLB was used sorbent material in SPE. The results showed fourteen and eleven compounds out of nineteen target compounds had been detected in January and in May. Four compounds, atenolol, carbamazepine, sulfamethoxazole and dilantin had been found, while four compounds, N-Acetyl-SMX, O-Desmethyl-NPX and 1-Hydroxyl IBU had not been found in all samples in both two month January. Highest concentrations were found in acetaminophen (1661.1ng/L), caffeine (4031.4) and sufamethoxazole (993.5ng/L). Acetaminophen, caffeine, ibuprofen-carboxylic acid and 2-Hydroxyl-ibuprofen had highest elimination rate, 96.6, 98.8, 100 and 100%, respectively.Almost efficiencies of PPCPs removal in WWTPs were low and efficiency in hospital WWTPs was lower than in domestic WWTPs.(SRAA)

PES-2

Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Surface Water and Waste Water in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam-occurrence and Typical Range in 2010
Sei-Young Kim 1, Anggita Karlesa2, Seo-Young Kang 1, Eunkyung Lee 3, Le 4 3 5 1 Thi Hong Tran , Jaeweon Cho , Yang Paul , Suil Kang 1 International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea, 2School of Life Science and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia, 3School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangu Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju500-712, Korea, 4 Faculty of Environment, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, 268 Ly Thuong 5 Kiet Str., District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Mass Spectrometry Section, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, 125 Resources Road, Etiobiocke, Ontario, Canada M9P3V6 Many pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have been consistently found in the aquatic environment such as surface waters and wastewater effluents at the ppt (ng/L) to ppb (g/L) levels. Their occurrence and contamination are of recent environmental concerns because some have biological effects in living tissues and organisms, may likely to be bioaccumulative and very little is known about their collaborative effects. We present in this talk initial monitoring results obtained from the 2010 PPCP typical background study using samples collected from canals and rivers around and in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam. A total of 46 PPCP target compounds were monitored using automated solid phase extraction (SPE) for sample preparationand liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Quality assurance data obtained during the analysis. Lincomycin, sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacine, ibuprofen, naproxen, acetoaminophen, bisphenol A and 17--ethynylestradiol were detected at the concentration more than 1 ppb while sulfadimethoxine, sulfamerazine, sulfamethizole, sulfachloropyridazine, sulfadiazine, chloramphenicol, indomethacin, carbadox, clofibric acid, warfarin, lasalcid A, diethylstilbesterol, 17--estradiol, 17--estradiol and equilin were rarely detected.

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Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PES-4

PES-6

Determination of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) in Water from Canal and Drinking Water TreatmentPlants (DWTPs) in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Phan Thanh Lam 1,2, Seo-Young Kang 1, Eunkyoung Lee3, Le Thi Hong Tran2, 2 3 1 Nguyen Tan Phong , Jaeweon Cho , Suil Kang * 1 International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science &Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea, 2Faculty of Environment, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Str., District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 3School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Instilute of Secence & Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) have been detected in many countries in surface waters. PPCPs in water sites have been one of potential causes for downstream environmental contamination in HCMC, Vietnam. These include residential (hospitals treatment plants, sewage treatment plants, wastewater treatment plan and canal discharges) waste streams, also concern about their possible effect to wildlife and humans.All water samples were collected from Drinking Water Treatment Plants (DWTPs) and Canals in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Viet Nam. The deterioration of water quality in Dong Nai Sai Gon river system is increasing at an alarming level and has been heavily polluted and increasingly serves as sinks of untreated domestic sewage and industrial wastewater. The method employs solid phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) for determination trace analysis of PPCPs (up to ng/L). Nine of nineteen of PPCPs targeted compoundwere detected in almost sample, while 8 compounds (N-Acetylsulfamethoxazole, O-Desmethylnaproxen, Florfenicol, 1-Hydroxyibuprofen, 2-Hydroxyibuprofen, Ibuprofen carboxylic acid, Iopromide and Naproxen) were not detected in all samples.Target compounds were detected less frequently in DWTPs as compared to water sample from canals.(SRAA)

Insecticidal Activity of Asarum sieboldii against Termites

Chang Wook Jo*, Young Hee Kim, Jin Young Hong, Jeong Min Lee, Mi Hwa Jung, Soo Ji Kim, Jung Eun Choi Conservation Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage, Munji-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-380, Korea Termite cause very serious damage to wooden cultural heritages and wooden structures. Because they have wood-eating habit, control of termites is very important. To control of termites, we used Asarum sieboldii. Insecticidal component of A. sieboldii is known very effectively. Extracted a solution was filtered out impurities by filter paper and concentrated reduction of pressure with the rotary vacuum condenser. We used worker termite cause many damage in wooden cultural properties for experiment. The insecticidal activity against termites was investigated by fumigation method on the filter paper (55) applied to 250extracts and solvent fractions of the A. sieboldii. We observed and recorded after 24hr,48hr. We used methanol extracts and solvent fractions of A. sieboldii for insecticidal bioassay. After 24hr 48hr, methanol extract of A. sieboldii wasn't shown very effectively mortality but, after 72hr, mortality was risen rapidly and 0.005g/ appeared over 80% mortality. Insecticidal activity of A. sieboldii hexane fractions were more effectively than methanol extraction solution after 24hr. Even 0.005g/concentration were insecticidal activity over 80% and after 48hr, almost reached insecticidal activity 100%. Overall, A. sieboldii was effectively against termite.

PES-5

PES-7

Automated Solid Phase Extraction of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Surface Water and Waste Water Samples- Method Development and Validation
Seo-Young Kang 1, Anggita Karlesa 2, Eunkyung Lee3, Sungyun Lee3, Le Thi 4 3 1 Hong Tran , Jaeweon Cho , Suil Kang * 1 International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea, 2School of Life Science and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia, 3School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangu Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 4 500-712, Korea, Faculty of Environment, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Str., District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Aquatic samples require the analysis of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) target compounds are usually prepared by solid phase extraction (SPE) methods using different adsorbents. The sample preparation will usually take about two days to complete and would have subjected to many tedious steps that are prone to mistakes. The ability to automate the SPE process would minimize steps required in the SPE sample preparation and improved the data quality and operation efficiency. We present in this talk results obtained during the development and validation of an automated SPE sample preparation method that has been used to prepare aquatic samples for liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric analysis of PPCPs. Used in the monitoring program of the 2010 PPCP typical background study in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam, a total of 62 PPCP target compounds were monitored using this automated SPE with quality control data in two different laboratories. Quality assurance data obtained during the analysis will be discussed on the ruggedness, including precision and accuracy, of this automated process.

Aphicidal Activity of Bacterial Culture Isolation from the Kochujang

Si young Yang, In Seon Kim* Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea Green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) has been known as a sucking-insect taking nutrients from host plants. Also, aphids can transmit plantpathogenic viruses to plants through their sucking-organism. Because of these damages, the control of aphids is necessary in agriculture. The aim of the present study is to isolate a microorganism exhibiting insecticidal activity against Green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) and identify the insecticidal metabolites. A bacterium named G-1 was isolated from red-pepper sauce was incubated in LB for 4 days. The culture were extracted with organic solvents. The extracts were subjected to a series of column chromatography. To determine insecticidal activity, topical assay against green peach aphids was performed. The extracts with ethylacetate showed about 90 % aphid mortality at a dose level of 1000 mg/L. To identify the active compounds, repetitive purification of extracts and structure analysis are in progress. (SRAA)

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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PES-8

PES-10

Aphicidal Activity of MS-1 Isolated from Chojang against Green Peach Aphid (Myzus persicae)
Min seon Bong, In Seon Kim* Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea Green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) is one of the harmful insects in agriculture. Because they suck nutrients of their host plant, the growth of host plant could inhibited. Therefore, to sustain the yield of crop, the control of aphids is essential. The aim of this study is to isolate a microorganism exhibiting aphicidal activity against Green peachaphid and identify the aphicidal metabolites. A bacterium named MS-1 was isolated from Chojang and incubated in LB for 4 days. The culture was extracted with organic solvents. The extracts were subjected to a series of column chromatography to fractionate active compounds. To determine aphicidal activity, topical assay against green peach aphids was performed. The insecticidal mortality was calculated with the Abbotts formula. The culture of MS-1 grown on LB for 3 days exhibited more than 85 % insecticidal activity. The extracts of chloroform, ethylacetate and ethylacetate under acidic condition showed 91 %, 85 % and 25 % of mortality at 1000 mg/L against aphids, respectively. To identify the active compounds structure analysis in progress. (SRAA)

Screening of Antifungal-active Microorganisms against Ginseng Root Pathogen Cylindrocarpon destructans

You Ri Yang, Eun Ye Jeong, In Seon Kim* Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea As a bio-control agent, the cases about microorganisms capable of oil-degrading have been reported, since their metabolites can attack the membrane of insects or plant pathogenic fungi. This study was performed to screen oil-degrading strains having antifungal-activity against Cylindrocarpon destructans, a pathogen in ginseng. Forty-four oil-degrading bacteria were isolated and incubated in LB for 4 days. To select strains having the strong oil-degrading ability, TLC was performed. Six C. destructans strains were subjected to exam the antifungal activity of oil-degrading bacteria. Each oil-degrading bacterium and each C. destructans strain were inoculated in LB+PDA. After 7 days and 14 days, the antifungal activity was determined. Based on TLC data, fifteen strains were selected to test antifungal activity. The isolates, EP-3, EP-11, EP-21, EP-38 and EP-41, showed the strong antifungal activity against C. destructans, the most in EP-21 and EP-38. This study suggested that the selected oil-degrading bacteria would control the growth of plant pathogenic fungi, C. destructans. Further study on the mode of action is in progress.(SRAA)

PES-9

PES-11

Aphicidal Activity of Biosurfactant-producing Bacterium against Green Peach Aphid (Myzus persicae)
Ja Yeong Jang, Si Young Yang, In Seon Kim* Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea Biosurfactant producing microorganism is a potential for the control of plant pathogens and pest insects alternative to synthetic pesticides in agriculture. In this study, we examined bacterial cultures capable of producing biosurfactants for the control of green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) in cabbage. Microorganisms were isolated from oil contaminated soil. When the isolate was incubated in LB medium, microbial growth was accompanied by a decrease in surface tension values, giving a value 31.58 mN/m at 96 h and suggesting that isolate produced biosurfactant during growth. Aphid mortalities were accompanied by the growth on LB, exhibited more than 70% mortality after a 96 h growth. The cell free cultures were extracted with ethyl acetate and purified by silica gel column chromatography and reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The aphicidal HPLC fraction resolved as a single spot on TLC and showed positive reaction with 10% v/v aqueous solution of sulphuric acid. TOF-MS analysis was implemented to identify the aphicidal metabolite produced by the isolate. TOF-MS analysis of the isolated metabolite detected (M + H)+ peak at m/z 1317.8. The isolated metabolite showed more than 80% mortality at a dose level of 100 mg/L. Further study undergoes to determine chemical structure of the metabolite.(SRAA)

Alternative Approaches to Reducing Fungicide Resistance of Bakanae Disease Pathogens Based on Mode of Action
You Ri Yang , Min Seon Bong , Se Woen Lee , Si Woo Lee , In Seon Kim * 1 Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea, 2Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Academy of Agicultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea, 3Applied Entomology Division, National Academy of Agicultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea According to our previous research, Fusarium fujikuroi CF245 and CF337 causing rice Bakanae disease showed resistance against fungicide prochloraz. The resistance levels were 2.0 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L for CF245 and CF337, respectively. This study was performed to investigate the cross-resistance by F. fujikuroi strains against several commercial fungicides having a different ingredient. The fungal strains used in the experiment were prochloraz sensitive strain F. fujikuroi CF106, resistant strains CF245 and CF337. The fungicide ingredients were thiophanate methyl-thiram, prochloraz, benomyl-thiram and tebuconazole. The pathogens were incubated with or without each fungicide for 7 days. Also the pathogens were inoculated with Pseudomonas sp. EP-3 producing rhamnolipid to examine growth inhibition. Both CF245 and CF337 showed resistance at 16 mg/L against benomyl-thiram and 32 mg/L against thiophanate methyl-thiram. CF337 showed resistance at 5.0 mg/L against tebuconazole, two times higher than CF245. However, CF106 cannot grow at these concentrations. In dual incubation with Pseudomonas sp. EP-3, growth of CF106, CF245 and CF337 was inhibited. These data indicate that the prochloraz resistant strains F. fujikuroi CF245 and CF337 showed cross-resistance against several fungicides. Biocontrol with Pseudomonas sp. EP-3 can inhibit the growth of pathogens. Further researches about the combination treatment of fungicides at lower levels than resistance levels and the incubation of pathogens with EP-3 in liquid culture are needed to confirm growth inhibition.(SRAA)
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Poster Session

PES-12

PES-14

Persistance of Prochloraz+Tebuconazole in Mixed Formulation Prochloraz and Tebuconazole in Single Formulation on Paprika Leaves and Their Residual Biological Activities to Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides
Dong Yeol Lee1, Yeong Jin Kim1, Min Ho Park2, Hye Jin Cho3, Kyu Young Kang1* 1 Divison of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program) & Institute of Agriculture and 2 Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea, Inspection & analysis division, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service Gyeongnam provincial office, Busan, 611-084, Korea, 3Jinju Agriculture technology center, Jinju City Hall, jinju, 660-806, Korea Experiments were conducted to investigate persistance of fungicides on the leaf and their residual biological activities to pathogen, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides after treatment of fungicides prochloraz and tebuconazole of both mixed formulation (a.i.; 25 + 12.5%) and singleformulation (a.i.; 50 and 25%, respectively) to the paprika leaves at the recommended dosage and double dosage. The fungicide prochloraz+tebuconazole in mixed formulation in leaves persisted in range of 0.06 ~ 2.09 mg kg-1 in prochloraz and 6.04 ~ 10.87 mg kg-1in tebuconazole during 21 days of experimental period. Prochloraz and tebuconazole in single formulation in leaves persisted in range of 0.97 ~ 3.43 in prochloraz and 14.12 ~ 24.53 mg kg-1 in tebuconazole, respectively. Residual fungicide activity was assayed 72 hour after inoculation on detached leaf. The fungicidal activities to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides persisted in prochloraz+tebuconazole in mixed formulation for 12 days. Fungicidal activities of prochloraz and tebuconazole in single formulation exhibited up to 15 and 7 days, respectively.

A New Cyclic Lipopeptide, Chromobactomycin, Contributes Substantially to the Antifungal Activity of the Chitinaseproducing Biocontrol Strain Chromobacterium sp. C61
Hyun Jung Kim, Young Cheol Kim*, Si Young Yang, In Seon Kim Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea. A chitinase-producing Chromobacterium sp. strain C61 has previously been shown to have strong biocontrol capacities, but the chemical nature of plant disease suppression were unknown. Here, we report on the identification and characterization of a major determinant of biocontrol activity in C61. Biochemical analysis of ethyl-acetate extracts of culture filtrates of C61 showed that an unknown compound, with a molecular weight of 1,196 Da, was produced by the C61. Nuclear magnetic resonance mass spectrometry revealed that compound to be a cyclic lipopeptide containing a unique nonameric peptide ring. The full chemical structure of this CLP was determined and named chromobactomycin. Purified chromobactomycin was shown to be inhibitory to the growth of several phytopathogenic fungi in vitro, and changes in chromobactomycin production by C61 induced by the addition of chitin in the growth media by C61 in culture media were correlated with reductions in pathogen inhibition. Foliar application of the cell-free culture filtrate of the C61 strain was able to significantly reduce these same diseases. These data suggest that production of chromobactomycin by Chromobacterium strain C61 plays an important role inits ability to suppress plant diseases caused by fungal plant pathogens.

PES-13

PES-15

Establishment of Pre-harvest Residue Limits of Insecticide Bifenthrin+Chlorfenapyr in Mixed Formulation and Bifenthrin, Chlorfenapyr in Single Formulation on Paprika Fruit
Yeong Jin Kim , Dong Yeol Lee , Min Ho Park , Hye Jin Cho , Kyu Young Kang * 1 Divison of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program) & Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea, 2Inspection & analysis division, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service Gyeongnam provincial office, Busan, 611-084, Korea, 3Jinju Agriculture technology center, Jinju City Hall, jinju, 660-806, Korea Pre-Harvest residue limits of bifenthrin+chlorfenapyr in mixed formulation -1 (a.i; 1 + 2%, and bifenthrin (a.i; 2%, MRL : 1.0 mg kg , , chlorfenapyr (a.i; 10%, MRL : 0.7 mg kg-1, in single formulation on paprika fruits were established by using the dissipation curve and biological half-lives. The residue was analyzed for 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 18, 21 days after spray. Paprika fruit samples were extracted with acetonitrile and cleaned-up with NH2, PSA matrixes. The residues of two insecticides were quantified using GLC/ECD. Recoveries of two insecticides from paprika were ranged from 89.1 ~ 95.2%. The biological half-lives of bifenthrin+chlorfenapyr in mixed formulation were 2.1 days for bifenthrin, 43.2 days for chlorfenapyr, respectively. The half-lives on single formulation bifenthrin and chlorfenapyr were 8.5 and 16.8 days, respectively. The Pre-Harvest Residue Limit of bifenthrin+chlorfenapyr in mixed formulation were recommended as bifenthrin 5.73 and chlorfenapyr 0.75 mg kg-1 for 10 days, and single formulation bifenthrin and chlorfenapyr were recommended as 1.05 and 0.93 mg kg-1 for 10 days before harvest, respectively.
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Characterization of Biocontrol Activities of the Novel Bioocontrol Bacterial Strains

Seung Hwan Lee , Jun-Kyung Park , Jin-Cheol Kim , Brian B. McSpadden 3 1 Gardener , Young Cheol Kim * 1 Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Korea, 2Chemical Biotechnology Research Center, Korea 3 Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-605, Korea, Dept. Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, U.S.A. Biopesticides constitute a rapidly growing area and discovery of novel bacterial strains will be one key to further market, because isolates from only a few genera have been developed commercially. Previously, a large collection of bacterial strains were isolated using a multi-factor selection strategy from diverse plants and soils in Korea and chose 417 isolates based primarily on genotypic differentiation. In this study, we were screening to find novel strain for biocontrol activities against phyto-pathogen. From these, a diverse set of 14 isolates displayed remarkable biopesticide properties. Each of the strains reduced disease as compared to the negative control (P < 0.10), and did so as well or better than the commercial biofungicide Serenade. We selected 4 stains belong to Pantoea, Proteus, Exiguobacterium and Serratia sp. to characterize in vitro anti-fungal and bacterial properties and production of secondary metabolites. One of them, Serratia strain was able to induce systemic resistance to gray mold disease caused by Botrytis cinerea. To develop effective bioformulated product, various liquid and solid state formulations were designed and tested for their efficacies against various plant diseases. One of solid formulated product showed great biocontrol activity better than the commercial biofungicide Serenade. These results indicated the selected novel bicontrol bacterial strains will be useful as a potential novel and useful biocontrol agent for controlling diverse plant diseases.(SRAA)
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Genetic and Biochemical Analysis of Microbial Traits Involved in Biocontrol Activity of a Chitinase-producing Bacterium Serratia plymuthica C-1
Jin Hee Lee, Young Cheol Kim*, Seung Hwan Lee, Song Hee Han, Seung Je Lee Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea. A chitinase producing bacterial strain Serratia plymuthica C-1 isolated from forest soil in Jeonnam Providence was successfully used as an effective biocontrol bioformulation product to suppress a wide range of phytopathogenic fungi, such as Phytophthora capsici, Collectotrichum gleosporoides, Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea, and growth of gram negative Xanthomonas species in vitro. Application of the formulated product contained S. plymuthica C-1 protected red pepper against Phytophthora blight and Korean Ginseng against Anthracnose and Alternaria blight diseases in the fields. The strain possesses strong chitinase, gelatinase and protease. To investigate genes involved in biocontrol activity of the strain, we constructed over 4,000 mutants by Tn5-insertion mutagenesis. So far we isolated four mutants which were defective to inhibit growth of R. solani in vitro. We are currently under investigating to identify Tn5-flanking sequence of the mutants and to determine the major antifungal compounds.(SRAA)

Repellent Action of Cinnamon Essential Oil on House Dust Mite

Ju-Hee Lee , Je-Hoon Oh * 1 WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea, 212th Grade, Gyeonggi Suwon International School, Suwon 443-808, Republic of korea House dust mites (Dematophagoides farinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) are major source of allergy in most areas commonly inhabited by people. Both decomposing animal parts and the protein that surrounds mite fecal pellets causes mite allergy. Control of house dust mite populations with using chemicalacaricides would be a potential problem in human health. Moreover, house dust mite remains as allergens even after death. So, it is more effective method keeping the house dust mites away than killing them and the use of plant-derived naturalacaricides rather than chemical acaricides. This investigation was initiated with the purpose of studying the effect of cinnamon essential oil on house dust mite with the hopeof securing results of practical and eco-friendly value. Cinnamon bark and leaf essential oil were exposed at different doses (164.50, 82.25, 41.12, 20.56, 10.28, 8.31, 0.82, 6.17, 5.14 and 4.11 /) on D. farinae. The minimum effective doses was 8.22 /and there was little difference in acaricidal effect between cinnamon bark and leaf essential oil. To test the repellent effect, different doses under minimum acaricidal rate were used (8.22, 6.19, 5.46 and 4.11 /). The most effective doses was 6.19/ and its repellent rate was 88.6%. The result of this study proved that cinnamon essential oil merit further study as potential house dust mite repellent.
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Volatile-mediated Inhibition Of Arabidopsis thaliana By A Biocontrol Bacterium, Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6

Ju Yeon Park, YoungCheol Kim*, Song Hee Han Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6, is able to promote plant growth by producing volatile signaling compound like 2,3-butanediol, and inhibited growth fungal pathogens by producing various secondary metabolites, such as hydrogen cyanide (HCN), phenzines, and pyrrolnitrin. However, plant growth retardation effects have been reported upon root- colonization with P. chlororaphis O6 under certain conditions, little is known about the major compounds involved in plant growth retardation by O6 strain. Using various mutants, we demonstrated that bacterial volatile compounds accounts for the deleterious effects on A. thaliana. Only a two component sensor kinase deficient mutant, GacS, which is known to enhance IAA production and to diminish hydrogen cyanide production, did not show any volatile-mediated phytotoxicity. Plant growth alternations by P. chlororaphis O6 strains were not significantly differed when glycine for HCN production or tryptophan for IAA production were supplemented on growth medium. In addition, phenazines-deficient mutant, pyrrolnitrindeficient mutant, and sigma factor RpoS mutant showed similar effects on plant growth with wild type, indicating antifungal compounds produced by O6 are not major compounds for plant growth effects. We are currently constructing HCN deficient mutant and IAA-deficient mutant to rule out mode of action involving in deleterious effects O6 on A. thalina growth. These results indicated P. chlororaphis O6 produced unidentified volatile compounds responsible to alter plant growth under different environmental growth conditions.(SRAA)

Effect of GacS/ GacA Two Components System on Motility, Biofilm and Flagella Formation, in a Biocontrol Bacterium, Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6
Song Hee Han, Young Cheol Kim*, Sang A Oh, Ju Yeon Park, Jin Hee Lee Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Buk-Gu, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea Biofilm formation by a biocontrol root colonizer, Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6, varied with medium. Biofilm formation on minimal medium containing undefined casamino acids was impaired by a mutation in gacS eliminating GacS/GacA global regulation. In a fully defined minimal medium, the gacS mutant formed strong biofilms as the cultures aged. A natural mutant of the gacS mutant, called a small colony variant (SCV) because ofgrowth as small raised colonies on plate medium, rapidly formed dense biofilms on both media. Biofilms from the gacS and SCV mutants were not associated with production of phenazines or acyl homo-serine lactones that promote biofilms for other pseudomonads. Flagella formation was reduced in the SCV and enhanced in the gacS strain compared to the wild type. The transcriptional analysis of fliQ encoding flagella biosynthetic gene in the P. chlororaphis O6 and its gacS derived mutants indicated that different flagella formation in the strains were regulated at the transcriptional level. This trait correlated with impaired swimming and swarming activities of the SCV mutant compared to the gacS strain which had better swimming potential than the wild type strain. These findings suggest that the processes of biofilm formation are complex and sensitive to growth conditions.

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Poster Session

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PES-22

Application of Immunochromatography for Rapid Detection of Cd in Rice Grain

Sang Pil Lee , Sung Chul Kim , Won Il Kim , Jae E. Yang *, Yeong Sang Jung 1 Department of Biological Environment, kangwon National University, Department of Biological Environment, kangwon National University, Chun cheon, 200-701, Korea, 2National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-707, Korea Concerning about crop safety has been increased recently because of human health aspect. Especially, bioaccumulated heavy metals in crops can cause detrimental effect not only on crop growth but human health. The main objective of this research was to apply immunochromatograpy (IC) that use antigen-antibody techniques for quantifying Cd in rice grain. Cadmium in rice grain was extracted with 0.1N HCl and quantified with IC techniques. In addition, correlation analysis for Cd concentration was conducted between IC and ICP (Induced Coupled Plasma) measurement. Average Cd concentration in rice grain was 0.46-2.39 mg/kg and 0.52-1.97 mg/kg for IC and ICP measurement respectively. The result of correlation also showed the statistically significant correlation between two measurement techniques (r2= 0.98). This result clearly showed that IC technique can be applied to quantify the heavy metal concentration in crops and further research is necessary to apply IC technique for other matrixes.(SRAA)
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Evaluating Heavy Metal Stabilization in Overburden of Coal Mine Waste with Coal Combustion Product: Column Experiment
Se jin Oh , Sung Woo Moon , Sung Chul Kim , Ju In Ko , Jin Soo Lee , Jae 1 E. Yang * 1 Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chun-cheon, 200-701, 2 Korea, Institute of Reclamation technology, Korea Mine Reclamation Corporation, Korea Mine Reclamation Corporation (MIRECO), Seoul, 110-727, Korea Release of heavy metal residuals as acid mine drainage (AMD) from overburden of coal mine waste can cause water quality problems near at the watershed. Therefore, the main purpose of this research was to evaluate neutralizing effect of coal combustion product (CCP) for minimizing release of heavy metals in leachate of coal mine waste. Two different mixing ratio (20 and 40%) of CCP was applied with coal mine waste and two different techniques (mixing and layering) were examined. Heavy metal concentration, pH, EC (Electronical Conductivity) and anions concentration in leachate were monitored. Result showed that pH in leachate was increased as more CCP was applied (20%: 4.0-4.5, 40%:4.5-5.0) compared to control (3.0-3.5). Average iron concentration was also decreased as more CCP was applied in the column (control: 40-50 mg/kg, 20%: 20-30 mg/kg, 40%: 10-15%). Based on overall result, CCP showed the high efficiency to neutralize AMD in the leachate of coal mine waste and can be used as remediation materials in future.(SRAA)
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Biodiversity and Antifungal Activity of Fungal Endophytes in Panax ginseng Cultivated in Korea
Young-Hwan Park* Plant molecular metabolic engineering lab, School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea Fungal endophytes were isolated from ginseng plants (Panax ginseng Meyer) in three different cultivation locations. the first experiment, various tissues (root, stem, petiole, leaf and flower stalk) of 3- and 4-year-old ginseng plants were used to isolate fungal endophytes.Three cultivars of 3-year-old ginseng roots (Chunpoong, Yunpoong, and Gumpoong) were used to isolated fungal endophytes in the second experiment.Three different ages (1, 2, 3 and 4-year-old) of ginseng roots were used to isolate fungal endophytes in the third experiment. The isolated fungal endoophytes were identified based on the analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and morphological characterization of spore and hypha. total, 244 fungal isolates (125, 81 and 38, respectively) were categorized into 36 taxa. Extracellular metabolites were extracted from the liquid culture using ethyl acetate and were evaluated for their antifungal activities against five ginseng fungal pathogensy, such as Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea, Phytophthora cactorum, Alternaria sp, and Collectotrichum sp. Some of the metabolites showed antifungal activities against pathogens. components of antifungal metabolites will be identified and characterized using HPLC and NMR.

Effects of Pyrolysis Temperature on Soybean Stover and Peanut Shells Derived Biochar Properties and TCE Adsorption in Water
Mahtab Ahmad, Sang Soo Lee, Yong Sik Ok* Biochar Research Center, Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea In Korea, 5.7 x 105 metric ton of crop residue is being considered for biofuel and bioenergy production to prevent environmental pollution generated from direct combustion in the field. Converting crop residue into biochar, a multifunctional material, can offset the associated environmental problems. We used biochars (BCs) derived from soybean stover (S-BC300 and S-BC700) and peanut shells (P-BC300 and P-BC700) carbonized at 300 and 700C to remove trichloroethylene (TCE) in groundwater. Spectral, elemental and morphological properties of BCs were evaluated as a function of carbonization temperature. Sorption isotherms were compared using Freundlich and Langmuir linearized equations. TCE adsorption was highly dependent on BC properties. Linear relations were observed between sorption parameters (KM and SM) and molar elemental ratios as well as surface area of BCs. Relatively high adsorption capacity of BCs produced at 700C was attributed to their high aromaticity and low polarity. TCE removal from water by S-BC700 and P-BC700 was comparable to that of activated carbon. We conclude pyrolysis temperature was the controlling factor for the BC properties that influenced on the removal of TCE in water. The study was supported by the Korea Ministry of Environment as "The GAIA project (No. 173-092-010)".

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PES-26

Effects of Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa R.) and Rye (Secale cereale L.) as Green Manure on C and N Mineralization in Rice Paddy Soil
Jung Eun Lim, Sang Soo Lee, Yong Sik Ok* Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea Green manure such as hairy vetch and rye are widely cultivated to supply nutrients to succeeding crops. In rice paddy, green manure is mixed with soils before its flowering to maintain an adequate level of fertility and to reduce the input of chemical fertilizers in soils. Generally, leguminous cover crops having relatively low C/N ratios (<20:1) could be more effective to supply nitrogen into soils, compared to gramineae having high C/N ratios (>20:1). Application of green manure also leads to the improvement of physicochemical and biological properties of soils. In this study, we selected two green manure crops contrasting in C/N ratio, hairy vetch (Vicia villosa R.) with C/N ratio of 8.65:1 and rye (Secale cereale L.) with C/N ratio of 28.14:1. To investigate differences of C and N mineralization between each green manure crop and their mixed effects, hairy vetch, rye and their mixture were applied to rice paddy soil at 6 Mg ha-1 for the incubation test during 64 days. Soil samples were collected at different durations of incubation in 0, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 days for determining soil organic carbon (SOC), CO2 efflux, inorganic N, essential plant nutrients and microbial biomass C and N. This ongoing study will evaluate the application efficacy of green manure crops in the rice field and their impact on soil quality, as an alternative to conventional fertilizers. This work was carried out with the support of the "Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ9069612011)", Rural Development Administration in Korea.

Agrobacterium Infiltration-mediated Transient Gene Expression System in Leaves of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)
Kyung Hwan Boo , Quyen Van Nguyen , Doseung Lee , Chang-Hoon Lee , 1,2,4 1,2,4 1,2 Jae Hoon Kim , Key Zung Riu , Dong-Sun Lee * 1 College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 2Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 3Research Development, Jeju Special Selfgoverning Province Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jeju 697-828, Republic of Korea, 4Gene & Material Bank for Citrus Breeding, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea Agrobacterium-mediated transient gene expression is a rapid and useful tool to assess gene function in plant without constructing a transgenic plant. So, in order to investigate the functional analysis system of gene isolated from spinach rapidly, we tried to express a gene transiently in leaves of spinach by Agrobacterium-mediated infiltration. Transformation vector harboring gfp gene was used for this study. Agrobacterium was infected into leaf by infiltration with a syringe and those leaves were harvested 6 days after Agrobacterium infection. Transient gene expression was checked by detecting GFP expression and RT-PCR of GFP gene. As the result, transient expression of gfp gene was detected in Agrobacteriuminfected leaves and moreover, gfp gene expression in transcriptional level was confirmed by RT-PCR. These results suggest that Agrobacteriummediatedtransient gene expression might be useful for analysis of gene function and regulation of gene expression in spinach.
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PES-27

Isolation of Cytochrome P450 Gene from Rosette Gall of Aster scaber and Recombinant Protein Expression in E. coli
Seungtae Kang , Jinkyu Woo , Doseung Lee , Kyung Hwan Boo , Minyoung 1 1,2,3 1,2 1,2,3 Kim , Hyo Yeon Lee , Dong-Sun Lee , Key Zung Riu * 1 College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 2Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National Unversity, 3 Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, Gene & Material Bank for Citrus Breeding, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea Plant galls are variously formed as a result of specific interaction with other life forms, such as parasites or bacterial infection. Galls are their unique patterns of differentiation on tissue of host plant. The rosette gall of A. scaber is induced by an insect, Dasineura asteriae Shinji (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and developed to nearly a complete plant in situ although it is a dwarf and rootless. CYP74 is one of the major enzymes in the oxylipin pathway and belongs to cytochrome P450 family. This enzyme catalyzes the cleavage of 13-hydroperoxide and leads to the production of C6 aldehyde volatiles in plant. These compounds produced by CYP74 in plant were known to play the important roles in signaling and defense system. So, in order to understand the relationship between oxylipin signals and rosette gall development, we tried to isolate CYP74 gene from the rosette gall of A. scaber and express recombinant protein in E. coli. Isolated gene was highly homologous with known plant CYP74 genes in NCBI database and length of its open reading frame was 1,533 bp in nucleotide sequence. Molecular weight of this P450 was 57 kDa when the enzyme purified using Ni-NTA and gel filtration chromatography. Purified protein showed the CO difference spectrum with max at 450 nm. Our data suggest that this P450 forms oxylipin in rosette gall and that this molecule might be induced by insect-plant interaction to regulate rosette gall development in A. scaber.(SRAA)
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Improvement of Plant Regeneration and Transformation System in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)
Quyen Van Nguyen , Hyeon-Jin Sun , Fangmeng Duan , Ji-Hyun Lee , HyoYeon Lee1,2,4, Kyung Hwan Boo1,2, Pyung Ok Lim 2,3, Dong-Sun Lee1,2, Key Zung Riu1,2,4* 1 College of Applied Life Science, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 2Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 3Department of Science Education, Jeju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Republic of Korea, 4Gene & Material Bank for Citrus Breeding, Jeju National Unversity, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea Efficient plant regeneration system and an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method in spinach (Spinacia oleraceaL.), a high-nutrient vegetable crop, were developed. Callus was induced from the root explants in media supplemented with 6-Benzylaminopurine (BA), 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and gibberellins GA3. After that, effects of growth regulator combination on spinach regeneration were evaluated, and efficient regeneration systems were established. The system which shows the highest regeneration efficiency was initiated in medium supplemented with 10 M NAA and 0.3 M GA3, and shoot was induced in medium containing 5 M BA and 1 M NAA (83.33%). Regenerated plants were successfully transplanted into soil in greenhouse and reproduced seeds. Furthermore, we examined on several factors that influence the DNA transfer into spinach via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation with -glucuronidase (GUS) gene. The transformation efficiency was affected by the Agrobacterium strain, acetosyringone concentration and a cocultivation period. The Agrobacterium strain EHA105 showed a higher effect than LBA4404. The inclusion of 200 M acetosyringone and fourday-period of co-cultivation gave the highest transformation efficiency. The GUS staining was carried out to determine GUS expression in spinach callus. This study is regarded as the efficient systems of plant regeneration and an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in spinach, suggesting that Agrobacterium-mediated transformation could be a useful tool for gene expression in spinach.(SRAA)
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Poster Session

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PES-30

Characterization of Preventive Efficacy of Sulfur Compounds against Pear Diseases in the Orchard
Kwang-Hyun Min*, Jeong-Pil Ryu, Sang-Hyun Lee, Wol-Soo Kim, Baik Ho Cho, Kwang-Yeol Yang* Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea In order to effectively control pear diseases in the orchard, we must control primary infections. In most cases, sulfur compounds have been applied for curative and preventive purposes in the fields. Here we introduce the preventive efficacy of sulfur compounds for pear diseases control through an in vitro study. The object of disease control using sulfur compounds is to reduce primary inoculum on spring season. On 2008 and 2009, fallen leaves from pear orchard infected by scab and other diseases were collected and treated with sulfur compounds or water as a control. Pear fruits on water-treated fallen leaves became severely infected, while they on sulfur-treated fallen leaves were fresh and uninfected after 10 days incubation. To characterize the diversity of our samples, we analyzed 18S rRNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of extracted genomic DNA from sulfur-treated or water-treated leaves, respectively. We finally identified about 20 genetically distinct fungal species. Ascomycota and Cladosporium were most common fungal species in both treated leaves. However, the population dynamics of several fungal species including Ascomycota and Cladosporium were a quite different in each treated leaves. These results suggest that the sulfur compounds treatment led to changes of fungal communities in orchard.

Evaluation of Bacteriophages for Its Host-Specificity in Microbial Source Tracking

Doris Yoong Wen Di , Jeonghwan Jang , Yae-Seul Suh , Tatsuya Unno , 2 1,2 Kenneth Widmer , Hor-Gil Hur 1 School of Evnironmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea, 2International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, 3 South Korea, Department of Soil, Water, and Climate and Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA. Identification of sources causing fecal contamination in water resources is important in proper management of human health risks. Bacteriophages have been considered to be potential indicators for enteric viruses in water sources contaminated with fecal material. Male-Specific (F+) Bacteriophage group has been suggested to be an auxiliary indicator of fecal coliforms for indexing enteric viral pollution. This study is intended to examine the host specificity of bacteriophage depending on its phage type, and discuss about probability of its host specificity which can be used as microbial source tracking (MST) method. A total of 300 Escherichia coli isolated from several hosts such as human, beef cow, dairy cow, swine, chicken, and duck have been infected on F+ DNA coliphages (M13) and F+ RNA coliphages (Group I MS2, II - Q, III - GA, & IV F1). E. coli C-3000 (ATCC 15597) has been used as the positive control. Most of the E. coli from all six sources is non-susceptible to all types of coliphages. Less than 2% of the E. coli isolated from chicken was successfully infected by all types of coliphages. Although F+ RNA coliphages used in this study have been previously determined to statistically represent fecal origins of humans or animals, the result obtained from this study suggests that bacteriophages are not able to be used for MST technique by infecting E. coli directly with the phages.(SRAA)
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PES-31

Establishment of Maximum Residue Limits for Pesticides in Agriculture Commodities

Moo Hyeog Im*, Hyung-Wook Chung, Chan-Hyeok Kwon, Jae-Ho Cho, Sun-Hee Park Food Standards Division, Korea Food&Drug Administration, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 643 Yeonje-ri, Gangoe-myeon, CheongwonGun, Chungcheongbbuk-do Food Sanitation Act establishes Maximum residue limits (MRLs) of pesticides in food that are newly registered and re-evaluated. Current Food Code contains the MRLs for a total of 425 pesticides in 166 food types. MRLs for pesticides have been established by based on scientific data of good agricultural practice (GAP), acceptable daily intake (ADI), food intake, average body weight and others. As results, 59 MRLs in agricultural products and fresh ginsengs were newly set for 37 pesticides (Fungicide Amisulbrom, Boscalid, Carbendazim, Cyazofamid, Cymoxanil, Difenoconazole, Dimethomorph, Ethaboxam, etc Insecticide : Bifenazate, Carbosulfan, Carbofuran, Chlorfenapyr, Chromafenozide, Clothianidin, etc) in 2011. MRLs of Methoxyfenozide for jujube, apricot, cherry, prune, peach were deleted and stone fruits group MRL was established. As the ratio of theoretical maximum daily intake (TMDI) are set below ADI, there no concerns of MRLs for pesticides in foods.

Multiple Degradation Pathways of Dibenzothiophene by Mycobacterium aromativorans Strain JS19b1

Jong-Su Seo *, Young-Soo Keum , Jong-Hwan Kim , Min-Chul Shin , Qing X. Li3 1 Environmental Toxicology Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 305-343, Korea, 2Department of Molecular Biotechnology, KonKuk 3 University, Seoul 143-701, Korea, Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA Initial reaction of bacterial degradation of dibenzothiophene can be classified into a) angular dioxygenation which leads to desulfurization, b) consecutive incorporation of oxygens into sulfur atom to produce dibenzothiophene sulfoxide and sulfone, and c) peripheral dioxygenation to corresponding dihydrodiol. Mycobacterium aromativorans JS19b1 isolated from a petroleum contaminated site can metabolize a broad range of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heterocycles including dibenzothiophene. Strain JS19b1 degraded approximately 100% of DBT (40 mg l-1) for 11day incubation. Metabolites were thoroughly profiled and characterized. Strain JS19b1 undertake peripheral dioxygenation initially and metabolize dibenzothiophene very rapidly. Metabolite identification suggest that dioxygenation occurs at 1,2- and 3,4-C of dibenzothiophene. In contrast to other PAH-degrading Mycobacterium spp., dibenzothiophene sulfone and sulfoxide are minor metabolites by strain JS19b1.These results are also different from other Mycobacterium spp., by which the degradation of dibenzothiophene is initiated by angular dioxygenation. o-Hydroxybenzothiophene carboxaldehydes are the most dominant metabolites in the initial period (<4 days) and comprise up to 30% of total identifiable metabolites. Final products are 2-mercaptobenzoic acid. From these results, we proposed the detailed metabolic pathways of dibenzothiophene.
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PES-34

Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolates from Urban Surface Waters in Southeast Asia
Kenneth W. Widmer *, Deby Fapyane 1 International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, Korea, 2Department of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Jl. Dharmawangsa Dalam Surabaya, Indonesia Southeast Asian countries are dependent on agriculture and aquaculture as dominant economic industries. In these countries unregulated non-therapeutic use of antibiotics is not uncommon in animal husbandry and aquaculture operations. Escherichia coli is a common bacterium found in urban environmental waters and may harbor antibiotic resistance genes. As some E. coli can serve as opportunistic pathogens, the presence of antibiotic resistant strains may adversely impact public health. This study describes theantibiotic resistance profiling of 590 E. coli isolates obtained from urban surface waters in Southeast Asia. Isolates were screened comparing OD values to that of a control strain in medium supplemented with antibiotics at minimum inhibitory concentrations. Results indicate chloramphenicol, tetracycline and trimethoprim expressed the most common resistance, with approximately 83%, 78% and 73% of isolates showing resistance to these three antibiotics, respectively. Conversely, most of the isolates were susceptible to sulfamethoxazole (29.8%).
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Prevalence of blaTEM Gene and blaCTX-M Gene among Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Yeongsan River
Yae-Seul Suh, Jeonghwan Jang, Doris Yoong Wen Di, Hor-Gil Hur* Environmental Science and Engineering, GIST, 261 Cheonmdan-gwangiro, Buk-gu,Gwangju 500-712 Extended spectrum -lactamases (ESBLs) producing bacteria have been surveyed widely in clinical areas. However, only few studies have been investigated in environmental areas. 3,960 Escherichia coli isolates were obtained from Yeongsan river during the period of 2009 and were screened with ceftazidime (2mg/ml), cefotaxime(2mg/ml) and aztreonam(2mg /ml) each. 89 positive Escherichia coli isolates (2.24%) were examined by multiplex PCR and showed existence of ESBL gene. In these study, the TEM (89 isolates) was the most dominant of the ESBL gene followed by CTX-M(60 isolates). 3 out of 60 isolates carrying TEM- and CTX-M gene were found to carry OXA gene. The SHV gene were detected in 2 isolates; both of isolates carry TEM gene, and 1 of 2 isolates carry CTX-M gene. Moreover 72 ESBL producers (80.9%) were detected near urban area. It is the first discovery in the world that E. coli isolated from rivers carry SHV gene. As ESBL producers act as risk factors of treatment of bacteremia, the discovery of ESBL producing E .coli and ESBL genes in urban river raises alarms for potential dissemination of antibiotic resistant bacteria through environments.(SRAA)

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PES-35

The Determination of the Quaternary Amine Compound Paraquat in Sun-dried Salts Using High-performance Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry
Hyun jeong Cho*, Jung eun Park, Gi jun Park, Byeong cheol Son, Young bae Son Division of Safety Analysis, Experiment & Research Institute National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, 80, Seonyudong 1-ro, Youngdeungpo-gu, Seoul, Korea, 150-804 In recent the suspicions that pesticides were used for the removal of glasswort(hamcho) in the salt field have been raised, so there was controversy about the safety of sun-dried salt. In order to secure the safety of sun-dried salt of pesticides, Analytical method of herbicide paraquat (being marketed in korea, Geuramokson) using SPE cartridge for pre-treatment in sun-dried salt has been developed and analyzed to quantify paraquat by use of high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS). In pre-treatment of samples, the strong cation exchange SPE cartridge was used to remove the salt, and paraquat was purified by the weak cation exchange SPE cartridge. As the polarity of paraquat as a quaternary amine compound is strong base it is ionized nearly at all pH, so it was not retained by standard reversed phased columns. But it could be accurately separated through HPLC with a HILIC column. The detection was carried out with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with an electrospray ionization probe in positive ion mode in multiple reaction monitoring. Analysis in blank samples spiked from 10 to 100 ng/mL was resulted in recoveries from 74.5 to 86.7%, the relative standard deviation is less than 10.5% and limit of detection is below 1 ng/mL. The results of analysis for 17 sun-dried salt samples collected in each salt fields were less than the limit of detection.

Transition of Lead Released from 2 Closed Mine Tailings in Paddy Condition to Rice
Won Il Kim *, Ji Ho Lee , Ji Young Kim , Ji Hyock Yoo , Goo Bok Jung , Geon 1 3 Jae Im , Jae E Yang 1 Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Korea, 2Department of Agricultural Environment, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development 3 Administration, Suwon 441-707, Korea, Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea Three-year lysimeter experiments packing with Sandy Loam and Silt Loam soil types were done in order to assess the release characteristics of lead(Pb) from the mine tailings to paddy fields and to predict Pb load potential to soil and rice. The concentrations of Pb in polished rice were increased as the treatment of both mine tailings increased. Compared with soil types, rice harvested on the Sandy Loam plot contained more Pb than that on the Silt Loam plot. Sequential extraction procedure was used to assess availability of soil Pb in the mine tailing treated plots after harvest. Exchangeable and carbonated-bound forms of Pb in soils were positively correlated with Pb in polished rice, but organic matter bound, Fe-Mn oxide-bound and residual forms of Pb were not correlated. Lead speciation in soil leachate was calculated by MINTEQ program. Major composition + 2+ + in leachate was PbOH , Pb , PbSO4 (aq), and PbCl , which consists of more than 98%. However, these species were not positively correlated with Pb concentration in polished rice.
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Poster Session

PES-36

PES-38

Development of Numerical Equations for Estimating Total Content of Pb and Cd in Soil by the Multiple-regression Analysis
Woo Ri Go 1,2, Won Il Kim 1*, Eun Yong Lee 1, Seong Mook Lim 1, Ji Hyock Yoo 1, 1 1 2 Ji Young Kim , Geon Jae Im , Kye Hoon Kim 1 Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon 441-707, Korea, 2Dept. of Environmental Horticulture, The University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743, Korea The methods of soil analysis for heavy metals in Soil Environment Conservation Act were revised from acid extraction to acid digestion (total) with a reflux condenser in 2010. This study was carried out to find a possibility to utilize a large dataset by the former extraction method based on the bioavailability of heavy metals to plants. Models that can correlate the 0.1 N-HCl extractable-Pb (E-Pb) and -Cd (E-Cd) contents with the total Pb (T-Pb) and total Cd (T-Cd) contents were developed using a stepwise multiple-regression analysis that requires chemical properties of the soils such as pH, organic matter content (OM), exchangeable-Ca content (Ca), and available P2O5 content (P2O5) with eighty-nine paddy soils collected from areas around abandoned mines in 2009 and 2010 (equations 1 & 2). T-Pb= -152.9402 + 2.0994E-Pb + 1.1017OM + 0.6308Ca + 27.5130pH 2 0.0228P2O5 (R =0.8552) --- (1) T-Cd= 5.0272 + 1.1207E-Cd + 0.0201OM 0.0246Ca - 0.3374pH - 0.0023P2O5 (R2=0.2312) --- (2) The estimated total Pb and total Cd using the models showed highly significant relationship with the measured total Pb and total Cd contents, showing great potential of utilizing the large dataset by the former extraction method.(SRAA)

Toxic Elements Contamination in Hair Associated with Rice Intake of Residents Adjacent to Abandoned Mines
Ji Ho Lee*, Won Il Kim, Eun Jung Jeong, Geon Jae Im Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 150 Suin-Ro Kweonseonku, Suwon, Republic of KOREA 441-707 Toxic elements (TEs) are significantly exposed through oral intake of food, which is transferred from contaminated paddy soil nearby abandoned mines, and metabolized within humanbody. Exposure of TEs through intake of contaminated polished rice and its relationship with those contents in hair were assessed. Positive correlation between TEs levels in polished rice and their average daily dose (ADD) and those in hair of residents nearby mines were observed. Residents in the nearby mines were exposed to elevated health risks due to intake of contaminated polished rice. Moreover, accumulation of TEs in hair varied among individual resident from 0.05 g/g for arsenic to 188.37 g/g forzinc. It suggests that intake of mine-impacted polished rice was mainly attributed to the TEs exposure for residents around mines. Actual intake would be much higher than that of the rice intake pathway alone.

PES-37

PES-39

Effects of Toxic Elements-contaminated Polished Rice on the Oxidative Stress-induced Protein Expression and DNA Damage in Human Keratinocytes Cell
Eun Jung Jeong, Ji Ho Lee*, Won Il Kim, Geon Jae Im Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 150 Suin-Ro Kweon Seonku, Suwon, Republic of Korea 441-707 Protein expression and DNA damage caused by oxidative stress were evaluated in human keratinocytes cell treated with toxic elements (TEs)contaminated polished rice nearby abandoned mines. Oxidative stressinduced DNA damage, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and expression of protein, i.e. ASK1, phospho-ASK1, p38MAPK, phospho- p38MAPK were measured by alkaline comet assay, lipid peroxidation assay, and western blotting. Activation of ASK1, phospho-ASK1, p38MAPK, phosphop38MAPK was enhanced in TEs-contaminated polished rice, inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and MDA level. Moreover, the DNA damage measured by tail-length measurement in TEs-contaminated polished rice was significantly observed at 72hr. This demonstrates that mine-impacted polished rice stimulated the DNA damage, and ASK1/ p38MAPK activation, together with enhancement of the oxidative stress

Runoff Characteristics of Pesticides from Upland and Forest Field under Schizandra chinensis Baillon Cultivation
Sung-Jin Lim , Seon-Ah Hwang , Jae-Taek Lee , Hye-Ran Jeong , Gyeong-Ae Lee1, Won-Tae Shin 1, Jae-Young Cho 1* 1 Department of Bio-environmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea, 2Department of Agronomy, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea This experiment was carried out to compare rainfall-runoff event and runoff characteristics of pesticides between upland and forest field that was used for Schizandra chinensis Baillon cultivation with ethoprophos, fenarimol, and chlorothalonil treatment. The rainfall-runoff event occurred in the two field was 14 times, and the loss of runoff was 5395.2 and 5629.8 m3in, respectively. The residual level of fenarimol in upland and forest field soil was 0.74 and 0.76 ppm at 0 days after 1 times treatment. However, the residue of pesticides in forest field was higher than that of upland with progressing the date. Also, the agrochemicals were quickly degraded and reached under detection limit (0.025 ppm) at 16 days after 3 times treatment. Residual level of chlorothalonil and ethoprophos in forest field was also higher than that of upland. Although the degradation of thesechemical was slightly slower than that of fenarimol, these agrochemical was quickly degraded and reached under detection limit (0.0125 ppm) at 31 days after 3 times treatment. Also, pesticides were detected at low level only in the initial runoff and wereunder detection limit in the others runoff. Therefore, although 3 pesticides will be entered into water ecosystem with runoff water that will not be noxious to the fish. Also, the crop safety of 3 pesticides using for pest control was established because the residual level in S. chinensis Baillon was under the detection limit.
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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PES-40

PES-42

Runoff Characteristics of Pesticides from Upland and Forest Field under Disocorea batatas Cultivation
Sung-Jin Lim , Seon-Ah Hwang , Jae-Taek Lee , Hye-Ran Jeong , 1 1 1 Gyeong-Ae Lee , Won-Tae Shin , Jae-Young Cho * 1 Department of Bio-environmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea, 2Department of Agronomy, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea This experiment was conducted to compare rainfall-runoff event and runoff characteristics of pesticides between upland and forest field that was used for Disocorea battatas cultivation with ethoprophos, fenarimol, and chlorothalonil treatment. Rainfall-runoff event occurred in the two field was 14 times, and the loss of runoff was 3869.4 and 4210.2 m3 in upland and forest field, respectively. Also, pesticides were detected at low level only in the initial runoff and were under detection limit in the others runoff. Therefore, although 3 pesticides will be entered into water ecosystem with runoff water that will not be noxious to the fish. Also, the crop safety of 3 pesticides using for pest control was established because the residual level in D. battatas was under the detection limit.
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Seasonal Distribution of Trace Environmental Pollutants in Dongin River-Pesticides, Antibiotics, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Jae-Young Cho 1*, Young-Geun Kim 1, Sung-Jin Lim 1, Jae-Gwon Son 1, 1 2 Jin-Kyu Choi , Gang-Won Choi 1 College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea, 2Rural Research Institute, Korea Rural Community Cooperation, Ansan 426-825, Korea This experiment was carried out to examine the trace environmental pollutants (TEPs) in Dongjin river (a major stream of Saemangeum). The monitoring was conducted 3 times at 10 sites on Dec. 2010, Mar. and Jun. 2011, and residual levels of 17 pesticides, 15 antibiotics, and 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed. 4 pesticides including chlorpyrifos at 2 sites, 4 antibiotics including tetracycline at 3 sites, and 2 PAHs including anthracene at 3 sites were detected to level of 0.041-0.095, 0.071-0.207, and 0.029-0.051 g L-1, respectively. For the season, the level of pesticides and antibiotics was relatively higher on June because of agricultural activities, but PAHs was not significantly different. Although pesticides, antibiotics, and PAHs were detected at the very low level, the successive monitoring of these pollutants will be conducted because of a bioaccumulation.

PES-41

PES-43

Seasonal Distribution of Trace Environmental Pollutants in Mankyung River-Pesticides, Antibiotics, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Jae-Young Cho *, Young-Geun Kim , Sung-Jin Lim , Jae-Gwon Son , 1 2 Jin-Kyu Choi , Gang-Won Choi 1 College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea, 2Rural Research Institute, Korea Rural Community Cooperation, Ansan 426-825, Korea This experiment was carried out to monitor the trace environmental pollutants (TEPs) in Mankyung river (a major stream of Saemangeum). The monitoring was conducted 3 times at 14 sites on Dec. 2010, Mar. and Jun. 2011, and residual levels of 17 pesticides, 15 antibiotics, and 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) were analyzed. 5 pesticides including chlorpyrifos at 6 sites, 5 antibiotics including tetracycline at 8 sites, and 4 PAHs including pyrene at 7 sites were detected to level of 0.029-0.088, 0.085-0.247, and 0.025-0.048 g L-1, respectively. For theseason, the level of pesticides and antibiotics was relatively higher on June because of agricultural activities, but PAHs was not significantly different. Although pesticides, antibiotics, and PAHs were detected at the very low level, the successive monitoring of these pollutants will be conducted because of a bioaccumulation.
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Simultaneous Determination of 30 Pesticides in Water Using GC-ECD

Jong-Hyouk Park , Nguyen Tan Phong , Suil Kang , Jae-Han Shim * 1 Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biological Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbongro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea, 2Faculty of Environment, HoChiMinh City University of Technology, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, HoChiMinh City, 3 Vietnam, International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea The problem of pesticide contamination of ground water due to their uses in agricultural sector has become an important subject as ground water is used for drinking water purpose in many countries. Pesticides enter surface and ground water primarily as runoff from crop producing areas, golf courses, forested areas, etc. and being mostly modern chemicals can potentially harm the environment and human health. Proper use of pesticides in the field and development of easy, reliable and simple analytical methods are necessary that cover as many differentpesticide residues as possible with a wide range of concentrations. A simple and easy multiresidual analytical method for the monitoring of 30 pesticides in water samples using gas chromatograph equipped with electron capture detector (GC-ECD) has been developed in this study. Water sample was extracted with dichloromethane and analyzed with GC-ECD and confirmed with GC-MS. The linearity of the calibration curves was yielded the correlation efficients ranged from 0.5 to 100 ng/g. The developed method was validated with triplicate recovery analyses at two different spiking levels (8 and 40 ng/g). Quantification was carried out by external standard using calibration curve. The developed method was applied to analyze the targeted pesticide residues in 13 samples collected from An Giang province of Vietnam.(SRAA)
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Poster Session

PES-44

PES-46

Supercritical Fluid Extraction Approach for Avermectins in Soil

Jong-Hyouk Park, Jeong-Heui Choi, Joon-Seong Park, Bo Mi Kim, Jae-Han Shim* Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biological Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea The principal objective of the present study was to develop a multiresidue analytical method for avermectins (abamectin, ivermecin, moxidectin, doramectin) in a soil matrix using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and LC-MS/MS. Optimal extraction parameters, such as extraction time, supercritical fluid volume, modifier concentration, pressure, and temperature, were determined for the SFE. The optimal SFE extraction conditions for 2 a multi-residue analysis was 80 for oven temperature, 300 kg/cm for system pressure and 3 ml/min for total flow rate. The optimal extraction time was 40 min and optimal modifier rate was 30%. The linearity of the calibration curves was excellent and yielded the correlation efficients (r2=0.9900.998, range from 5 to 5000 ng/g). Soil samples were fortified with known quantities of pesticides at three different concentration levels (0.5, 0.1 and 0.05 g/g) and the recoveries were in the range of 76.393.8% with RSD values from 2.0 to 8.1%. SFE and LC-MS/MS has been developed to be highly efficient, suitable and especially environmental friendly for the simultaneous determination of four avermectins in soil samples.(SRAA)

Monitoring of Microorganism in Commercial Liquid Pig Manures

Seong-Mook Lim , Yun-Hee Hong , Woo-Ri Go , Ji-Hyock Yoo , Ji-Young 1 2 1 1 1 Kim , Ji-Ho Lee1, Sung-Gi Heu , Geon-Jae Im , Moo-Ki Hong , Won-Il Kim * 1 Department of Agro-Food Safety, Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, 150 Suin-Ro Kweonseonku, Suwon, Republic of 2 KOREA 441-707, Department of Agro-Food Safety, Microbial Safety Division, National Academy of agricultural Science, RDA, 150 Suin-Ro Kweonseonku, Suwon, Republic of KOREA 441-707 Total aerobic bacteria, Esherichia coli O157:H7, and Salmonella typhimurium were examined in commercial liquid pig manures. Commercial liquid pig manures (n=33) were collected in muck joint resource recovery plant in April, June, August, October 2009, Korea. Total aerobic bacteria was incubated at 37for 24-48 hrs, and quantified as a colony-forming unit (CFU)/g. Esherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella typhimurium analysis were followed by Korean Food Standards Codex method. Colony of Salmonella typhimurium was confirmed by API kit and Real Time PCR. Total numbers of microorganism isolated from fermented commercial 5 3 liquid pig manures ranged from 5.23 10 to 1.27 10 CFU/mL. Esherichia coli O157:H7 was not detected, but Salmonella typhimurium showed the low detection frequency at 3%. This study suggests that continuous monitoring in commercial liquid pig manures is required to improve the agricultural food through management of agricultural land contaminated with liquid pig manures.
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PES-45

PES-47

Genetic and Functional Diversity of Streptomyces Isolated from Yam Rhizosphere

Sasikumar AP, Seung Hwan Yang, Joo-Won Suh* Department of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Myongji University, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea Streptomyces isolates were collected from the rhizosphere of healthy yam plants from heavily fungal infested agricultural fields from Yeoju, South Korea. These isolates were screened for various biocontrol and plant growth promoting traits. 16S rDNA was amplified, sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis was carried out to assess the genetic diversity of the Streptomyces isolates. Functional diversity was analyzed by screening all the isolates for antagonistic activity on plant pathogenic fungi and bacteria, production of protease, siderophore, chitinase, endo--1,4-glucanase, indole acetic acid, phosphate solubilization, ACC deaminase activity and promotion of Arabidopsis growth, in vitro. The Streptomyces isolates exhibited high genetic and functional diversity. Furthermore, it was observed that Streptomyces phaeopurpureus is the highest occurring species in yam rhizosphere. Streptomyces strains exhibiting high diversity in their functionalitywas identified as a novel and promising biocontrol as well as plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) that produces antifungal, anti-bacterial metabolites and plant growth promoting substances.

Isolation and Characterization of Acetanilide Herbicides Degrading Bacteria

Sunhwa Park , Seonhwa Kim , Hor-Gil Hur * 1 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea, 2International Environmental Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea Alachlor(2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl) acetamide) and metolachlor( 2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N(2-methoxy-1-methyl) acetamide) are the two most commonly used acetanilide herbicides for controlling broadleaf and weeds. Although microorganisms is thought to play major roles in the degradation of alachlor and metolachlor , little is known about the degradation process and mechanisms by microorganisms. In this study, we isolated bacterium capable of degrading alachlor and metolachlor was isolated from alachlorcontaminated soil. The identification of isolated bacterium was carried out by morphological criteria and by sequence analysis of 16S rRNA. The isolated herbicide- bacterium was identified as Sphingomonas sp. (Sphingomonas sp. SH-1). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses indicated that Sphingomonas sp. SH-1 degraded 70% of the added alachlor and 40% of the added metholachlor after 4 days of growth on 10-1 diluted nutrient broth.(SRAA)
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PES-48

PES-50

Development of Calculation Algorithms for Food Commodity Intakes and Demographic Analysis of Average Daily Intakes of Cucumber Products for Korean
Seungwon Kim , Junho Jung , Sanghoon Ko *, Young Sig Park 1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University, Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-747, 2Functional Food Research Center, Korea University, Functional Food Research Center, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Korea The safety and security of the food supply is one of the primary responsibilities of any government. Estimation of nations food commodity intakes is important to predict and control the potential risks within the food systems since food hazards are often associated with quality and safety of food commodities. The food intake databases provided by Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES) are good resources to estimate the demographic data of intakes of various food commodities. A limitation of the KNHANES databases, however, is that the food intakes surveyed are not based on commodities but ingredients and their mixtures. In this study, reasonable calculation strategies are applied to convert the food intakes of the ingredients and the mixtures from the KNHANES into food commodity intakes. For example, cucumber consumption with meat, raw fish, etc., in Korean diets was used to estimate its Korean intakes and develop algorithms for demographic analysis. Koreans eat raw cucumber, pickled in brine, stuffed pickled, and in the form of gherkins. The average daily intake of the cucumber products are analyzed demographically, for example, the intake by gender, age, etc. The average daily intakes of total cucumber are 4.030.58 g in 1998, 5.020.70 g in 2001, 11.671.15 g in 2005, 7.691.11 g in 2007, and 10.411.24 g in 2008. Generally, people equal to or over 20 years of age have shown higher cucumber intakes than people below 20. This study can contribute to the predictive estimation of intake of possible chemical contaminants such as residual pesticides and subsequent analysis for their potential risk.
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Evaluation of Sediment Physico-chemical Characteristics in Jungseonpo River for Jeongcheon Industrial Complex
Choong Heon Lee , Jong Hwan Park , Ah Reum Kim , Seong Heon Kim , 2 2 1 Dong Cheol Seo , Ju Sik Cho , Jong Soo Heo * 1 Divison of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program) & Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea, 2Department of Bio-Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University, sunchon, 540-742, Korea To obtain the sediment management plans for environmental protection in Jungseonpo river after establishment of Jeongcheon industrial complex, the physico-chemical characteristics of sediments were investigated. Jungseonpo river is joined with Hwagae, Baechun, Gilpyeong and Tapri rivers. The sediments used in the study were collected from 25 sites in Jungseonpo river. The variations of pH and EC in all sites were not significant differences. The concentrations of T-C in sediments in all sites were similar regardless of the sample location. T-C contents in sediments were higher with time in the order of July > June August September. The concentration of T-C at the surface layer of sediments were higher than that at deep layer of sediments. The variations of T-N and T-P slightly increased with time in all sites.
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PES-49

PES-51

Effect of Rhizopus oligosporus CS-107 Strain against Tsugaru Apple Anthracnose in Field Trial
Anil K. Yadav , Sharif M. Al-Reza , Bon Soon Ku , Moon Soo Cho , Seak Won Choi2, Ji Ae Seo2, Sun Chul Kang 1* 1 Dept. of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyoungsan City, Kyoungbook 712-714, 2 Republic of Korea, Research Division, B & L Agro Co. Ltd.,, Andong, Kyoungbook 760-300, Republic of Korea, 3Department of Horticulture, Daegu University, Kyoungsan City, Kyoungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea This study was carried out to assess the antagonistic potential of R. oligosporus CS-107 against Tsugaru apple anthracnose in field test. In 'Tsugaru' varieties for non-treatments, the rate of disease in the anthrax was 85.8% higher. In contrast, the most common fungicide treatments to 17.5% lower, The CS-107 strains treated with 23.1 to 39.4 percent of the significantly high controlling effect. Among them, June ~ July, solid 1000-fold to 23.1% in the treatment of the lowest rates of disease appeared. In 'Tsugaru' varieties for the non-treatment, disease rate of 38 percent on September 3, shows the maximum, while Sept. 6 regular fungicide treatments to 6.0% showed the maximum value. On the other hand, R. oligosporus strain treatment on August 25 ~ September 6 showed the highest value. The results shows that 'Tsugaru' varieties of change in the size of lesions were time-dependent. CS-107 isolates from treatment stops or smaller lesions tended, and some have a tendency to increase the width of spotting it was not large.(SRAA)
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Environment Impact Assessment for Jeongchon Industrial Complex in Jungseonpo River

Jong Hwan Park 1, Dong Cheol Seo 2, Ah Reum Kim 1, Seong Heon Kim 1, 1 2 1 Choong Heon Lee , Ju Sik Cho , Jong Soo Heo * 1 Divison of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program) & Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, Korea, 2Department of Bio-Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, 540-742, Korea Jungseonpo river is a narrow river and its width and length are 20~40 m and 9.2 km, respectively. This river is joined with Hwagae, Baechun, Gilpyeong and Tapri rivers. Jungseonpo river have important role to balance the ecosystems. After establishment of Jeongchon industrial complex, the water quality in Jungseonpo river will be influenced by wastewater discharged from various factories. Therefore, to investigate the pollution level before establishment of Jeongcheon industrial complex, the water qualities from 25 sites were investigated in Jungseonpo river. In all sites, pH, EC and DO in the water were 7.39~8.24, 0.11~0.53 dS m-1 and 7.07~9.12 mg L-1, respectively. The concentrations of BOD, COD and SS at lower regions of Jungseonpo River were higher than those in other sites. In all sites, the concentration of T-N in the water were not significant difference. The concentration of T-P in the water at the upper region of Gilpyeong river was higher than that in other sites.

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PES-52

PES-54

Runoff Characteristics of Non-point Pollutant Sources in Soyangcheon Basin

Jae Gwon Son , Jin Kyu Choi , Jae Young Cho , Nam Young Goh *, Tae Ho 1 Son 1 Department of Regional Construction Engineering, Chonbuk National University, 2 Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University This research was conducted in order to develop the best management practices for the reduction of Non-point Pollutant Sources for the purpose of improving water quality and environment around Saemangeum Lake. The researched basin is the second soyang bridge which is located in Sangun-ri, Yongjin-myeon, wanju-gun in Jeonbuk province. To evaluate Non-point Pollutant Sources, the Runoff characteristics of the down stream area where the artiful influences are large were researched. The result is in the following. To begin with, when it comes to the analysis of Land use, the result is that the forest(10,479ha, 70.6%) is occupying the most area in total area(14,851ha) which is followed by a Paddy field(1,839ha, 12.4%). Then, a dry field(931ha, 6.3%) is the third and etc(1,602ha, 10.8%). The material of water quality in the basin was analyzed according to related codes once a month from January, 2011 to August, 2011. The result is that the concentration of T-N, T-P was each 1.85~5.69/L, 0.0264~0.1212/L and in case of SS, the result is 29.5~169.3/L and COD has 1.80~6.03/L concentration. The research result will be used as basic materials of Saemangeum Basin and Lake by making a variety of database about the runoff characteristics of Non-Point Pollutant Sources and managing systematically Non-Point Pollutant Sources.
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Storage Effect of Tsugaru Apple Using Rhizopus oligosporus CS-107 Strain

Anil K. Chauhan , Sharif M. Al-Reza , Bon Soon Ku , Moon Soo Cho , Seak 2 2 1 Won Choi , Ji Ae Seo , Sun Chul Kang * 1 Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyoungsan City, Kyoungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea, 2Research Division, B & L Agro Co. Ltd., Andong City, 3 Kyoungbook 760-300, Republic of Korea, Department of Horticulture, Daegu University, Kyoungsan City, Kyoungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea This study was carried out to assess the antagonistic effect of R. oligosporus CS-107 for the long time storage of Tsugaru apple at 1 1 . Apple fruit with anthracnose collected from Yeongcheon city on August 17, 27 and on September 3, classified by size of fruit harvested, sealed in plastic, then stored at 1 1 for approximately five weeks after the lesions in vivo antagonistic effects were investigated by size. The size of the lesions examined by the group (I) in which lesions less than 0.4 cm in size, in group (II) the size of lesions of medium size in the range of 0.5 ~ 0.7 cm and large lesions group (group III), of apple anthracnose lesions larger than 0.8 cm in size. The size of lesions after treatment of the microbe that remains almost constant when compared to the effect of small group (Group I). But no treatment of CS-107 strain is completely corrupt. Thus, our result shows that R. oligosporus strain can prevent apple anthracnose which is less than 0.4 cm in size.(SRAA)
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PES-53

PES-55

Runoff Characteristics of Non-point Pollutant Sources in Hengjeong Bridge of Dongjin-river Basin

Jae Gwon Son *, Jin Kyu Choi , Jae Young Cho , Nam Young Goh , Tae Ho Son 1 1 Department of Regional Construction Engineering, Chonbuk National University, 2 Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University This research was conducted in order to develop the best management practices for the reduction of Non-point Pollutant Sources for the purpose of improving water quality and environment around Saemangeum Lake. The researched basin is the Hengjeong Bridge of Dongjin-river which is located in Sanseung-ri, Ongdong-myeon, Jeongeup-si in Jeonbuk province. To evaluate Non-point Pollutant Sources, the Runoff characteristics at the junction of Dongjin-river and Eunseokcheon were researched. The result is in the following. To begin with, when it comes to the analysis of Land use, the result is that the forest(7,689ha, 76.3%) is occupying the most area in total area(10,075ha) which is followed by a Paddy field(994ha, 9.9%). Then, a dry field(561ha, 5.6%) is the third and etc(831ha, 8.3%). The material of water quality in the basin was analyzed according to related codes once a month from January, 2011 to July, 2011. The result is that the concentration of T-N, T-P was each 1.28~3.52/L, 0.034~0.0652/L and in case of SS, the result is 69.9~125.2/L and COD has 1.96~4.41/L concentration. The research result will be used as basic materials of Saemangeum Basin and Lake by making a variety of database about the runoff characteristics of Non-Point Pollutant Sources and managing systematically Non-Point Pollutant Sources.
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UV-mutagenesis of Streptomyces sp. BS062 Antagonistic to Botrytis cinerea

Ja-Gyeong Song, Young-Sook Kim, In-Kyoung Lee, Bong-Sik Yun* Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-752, Korea Many Streptomyces species show potent antagonistic effect against plant pathogenic fungi and their antagonistic effects were correlated to the production of bioactive secondary metabolites including antibiotics. Production of antagonistic substances could be increased generally by strain improvement through mutagenesis and optimization of culture conditions such as media composition, temperature, pH and aeration. UV-mutagenesis is one of the powerful strain improvement strategies.The purpose of this study was to improve the production of antagonistic substance of Streptomyces sp. BS062 using UV-mutagenesis. Streptomyces sp. BS062 was found by our group as an antagonist against the causal pathogen of the ginseng gray mold rot. Spore suspension of Streptomyces sp. BS062 was spread on modified bennets agar medium and the plates were irradiated by UV light for two minutes at a distance of 15 cm. Spores irradiated by UV light were cultured on potato dextrose agar plate pre-seeded with Botrytis cinerea, and their ability to produce clear zone around the colonies was estimated. As a result, we selected a high production mutant named YS14. Under the optimized fermentation conditions, the mutant strain YS14 produced about 100-fold higher amount of antagonistic substance than the wild-type BS062 strain.

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PES-56

PES-58

Optimal Culture Conditions of Streptomyces sporoclivatus A0375 for the Antifungal Substance Production
Ji-Hee Yeom, Young-Sook Kim, In-Kyoung Lee, Bong-Sik Yun* Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-752, Korea An antagonistic bacterium that could be used as a biocontrol agent against Botrytis cinerea, was selected and identified as a strain of Streptomyces sporoclivatus. To improve the production of antifungal substance of the S. sporoclivatus A0375, optimal medium ingredients such as carbon sources, nitrogen sources and mineral elements were investigated. In antifungal substance production, the best of the carbon sources used in this experiment was glycerol and its optimum concentration was 3.0%. Also, S. sporoclivatus A0375 showed the optimal production of antifungal substance when it was cultured in the medium containing beef extract and malt extract as nitrogen sources. The optimal pH and temperature for antifungal substance production was 7.0 and 30C, respectively. The antifungal substances showed broad spectrum against B. cinerea as well as several plant pathogenic fungi. In in vivo test, when the 10-fold and 20-fold diluted culture filtrates of S. sporoclivatus A0375 were treated, the control effect against gray mold of ginseng was 82% and 59%, respectively.

Antifungal Activity against the Pathogen of Juglans sinensis Dode

Sang Hyun Lee , Jae Young Kim , Yong Sub Yi * 1 Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University, Asan, 336-795 Korea, 2 Department of Biochemistry, Hoseo University, Asan, 336-795 Korea, 3Division of Forest Insect Pests and Disease, KFRI, Seoul, 130-712 Korea Streptomyces strains showing antifungal activity against Glomerella cingulata were studied.81 Streptomyces strains were assayed antifungal activity against the pathogen by dual culture. Two strains showed strong antifungal activity, HAP34 and HI1-17, were collected. To determine 16S rDNA sequences for identification, 16S rDNA of two isolates were amplified and searched at NCBI.
3 2 1,2

PES-57

Antifungal Property of SG2-17 Strain against Korea Oak wilt Pathogen, Raffaelea quercus-mongolicae
Sang Hyun Lee , Jae Young KIM , Yong Sub YI * 1 Department of Herbal Cosmetic Science,, Hoseo University, Asan, 336-795 Korea, 2 Division of Forest Insect Pests and Disease, KFRI, Seoul, 130-712 Korea, 3 Department of biochemistry,, Hoseo University, Asan, 336-795 Korea This study was performed to investigate the antifungal materials to inhibit the growth of Raffaelea quercus-mongolicae. Microbes and oriental medicines were tested to screen antifungal activity. We found streptomyces strains, and Coptidis Rhizoma to show the growth inhibition of Raffaelea quercus-mongolicae.(SRAA)
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Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

Food ScienceMicrobiology - PFM

PFM-1 PFM-3

Determination of Lipophilic Compounds in Rice Using Gas Chromatography-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Ji Yun Jung, Jae Kwang Kim*, Soo-Yun Park, Sun-Hwa Ha, Sun Hyung Lim, Si Myung Lee, Hyo Jin Kim, Seok-Cheol Suh, Dong Hern Kim National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Republic of Korea Metabolites present in the rice grain have demonstrated human disease protective activities following dietary intake, and also have beneficial effects on the immune system. Specific rice components, such as phenolics, vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols), phytosterols, and policosanols, have nutrient value to human health. An accurate and sensitive method for determining 14lipophilic compounds, including tocopherols, tocotrienols, phytosterols, and policosanols, from rice grain was developed using gas chromatography (GC) coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS). The method is fast, requiring only 13 min for the GC-TOFMS run. During the validation procedure, the method proved to be sufficiently precise and accurate with respect to the degree of endogenous biological variability found in rice samples. This protocol provides a rapid and feasible method for monitoring the bioactive compounds of rice.

Properties of a Cold-active Lipase from Pichia lynferdii Y-7723

Hak-Ryul Kim *, Mee-Hyun Kwon , Sun-Young Park School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea 702-701 Lipase (triacylglycerol acylhydrolases, E.C. 3.1.1.3.) is one of the most important enzymes applied to the broad range of industrial application field. Especially, lipases with abnormal functionality such as thermo stability, alkaline, acidic, cold-activity gain special attention because of their applicability in the restricted reaction conditions. In a previous report, sixteen yeast strains pre-screened for lipase induction were investigated for their actual lipase production and we found out a novel cold-active lipase produced from Pichia lynferdii Y-7723. In this study, We characterized extracellular lipase produced from Pichia lynferdii Y-7723. The quantitative lipase activity was determined by using p-NP butyrate as substrate.The activity of lipase Y-7723 was found to be optimally active o o at 10 C and demonstrated that the cold-activity of lipase Y-7723 at 10 C was highest among the cold-active lipases reported so far. However, temperature for optimal activity was changed according to buffer pH. At o o pH 8.0, 15 C showed the optimum temperature for activity while 30 C was optimal temperature at pH 7.5. It displayed the different optimum pH depending on the temperature.
2 2 2

PFM-2

PFM-4

A Study of Hanwoo Discrimination Using DNA Marker- MC1R, SNP and 45 Species MS Marker
Jungmin Ha*, Jin-Il Jeong, Seung-Sik Min, Sang-Ki Lee Drug and Toxicology Division, National Forensic Service, 139 Jiyangno Yangcheon-gu SEOUL 158-707 KOREA Korean cattle (Hanwoo)'s production in the total beef production is approximately 30%. And the remaining 70% of non-Hanwoo is cows, beef cattle and imported cattle. The average price difference between Hanwoo and non-Hanwoo reach the 8800 kg, and if 1% of non-Hanwoo in total production has been disguised as Hanwoo, assuming annual sales of approximately 23,300,000,000 oss and these losses will be returned to the share of all consumers. This reality is based on research on the differentiation of beef with the Hanwoo, cows, beef cattle and beef imports to protect us distinguish emotion lies at the national loss technique was to lay the foundation. In this Study, 51 standard samples for Hanwoo and non-Hanwoo (imported from USA, Australia, New Zealand, Mexico) and 56 unknown samples of the DNA were extracted. Commercial distribution or sale of beef from a cattle after DNA extraction procedures, such as MC1R, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and 45 species MS markers that can sift through the use of cattle breeds. Based on these results, within the current distribution system, non-Hanwoo and domestically cattle as a disguised sale of the Hanwoo product can be detected quickly and accurately has been born outside of the domestic breeding cattle imported to homegrown beef products can detect a disguised sale. Hanwoo and non-Hanwoo as well as to consumers by providing accurate information about people's right to know and options to ensure that small bit of BSE factors such as social anxiety is expected to be able to resolve.

Production of a Novel Cold-active Lipase from Pichia lynferdii Y-7723

Hak-Ryul Kim*, Sun-Young Park, Mee-Hyun Kwon School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea 702-701 Lipase (triacylglycerol acylhydrolases, E.C. 3.1.1.3.) is one of the most important enzymes applied to the broad range of industrial application field. Lipases with abnormal functionality such as thermo stability, alkaline, acidic, cold-activity gain special attentions because of their applicability in the restricted reaction conditions. In particular, cold-active lipase(CAL)s have gained special attentions in several industrial fields such as washer detergent, pharmaceutical catalyst, and production of structured lipid. However, source of CAL is very limited in psychrophilic microorganisms. In this study, sixteen yeast strains pre-screened for lipase induction were investigated for their actual lipase production and we found out that the lipase produced from Pichia lynferdii Y-7723 was cold-active. Based on optimization study, optimal lipase productivity was obtained at 330-360 hour incubation at 20oC with 1% oil substrate in a medium composed of fructose as a carbon source. Among carbon sources tested, fructose showed almostthree times as high lipase production as the control medium while cell growth was similar. Yeast extract was most effective as an individual nitrogen source for lipase production.

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PFM-5

PFM-7

Single Wavelength Treatment Increases the Resistance against Rotting Disease in Soybean (Glycine max) Sprouts
Radhika Dhakal, Kwang-Hyun Baek* School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University Rotting of the sprouts of soybean (Glycine max) is caused mainly by Pseudomonas putida which is the major constraints in soybean production. Control of bacterial rotting will increase production efficiency and can provide better returns to the producers. Although chemical control of these pathogens is effective, they are non-environmental eco-friendly. In this study, the soybean sprouts were treated with different wavelengths using light emitting diodes (LEDs) to determine their effect on controlling the soybean rotting disease. Different light wavelengths (440 nm, 660 nm, 730 nm and fluorescent light) were treated on the soybean seedlings during their germination for 5 days, whereas the soybean seedlings as controls were treated under dark condition. Finally the sprouts germinated under both light and dark conditions were treated with soybean rotting bacterium P. putida strain 239. Only the sprouts germinated under 660 nm had higher resistance levels to P. putida when compared with soybean sprouts germinated under dark condition. The genes which conferred the resistance are under investigation using massive sequencing of cDNA. These findings strongly suggest that specific wavelength can trigger higher resistance levels, and furthermore, the induced genes can be used for transformation and breeding programs to increase the disease resistance in soybean.

Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam Modulates Neuroprotective and Anti-neuroinflammatory Effects in Hippocampal and Microglial Cells: Effects on HO-1 and Nrf-2 Signals
Hye Won Eom 1, Sun Young Park 3, Eun Yeon Ryu 3, Young Hun Kim 3, 2 1 Geuntae Park , Sang Joon Lee * 1 Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea, 2Institute for Research & Industry Cooperation, Pusan National University, 3 Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University Recent evidence indicates that microglial activation and hippocampal damage may play important role in the neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimers disease. Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam has traditionally been used as folk remedies for treatment of hypertension and cardiovascular disease in China and Korea. In this study, the mechanism responsible for neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory effects of BCE (Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam ethyl acetate fraction) was investigated. Heme-oxygenase1(HO-1) is inducible enzyme that expressed in response to various stimuli of inflammation. HO-1 has been implicated in anti-inflammatory signaling pathway. Therefore, modulation of HO-1 expression is very important. In this study, the neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory effects of BCE were examined in murine microglial BV2 and hippocampal HT22 cells.We showed that BCE increased neuroprotection of HT22 cells by glutamate induced cytotoxicity through the HO-1 and Nrf-2 signals. In BV2 microglial, we also demonstrated the BCE inhibited LPS induced pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the presence of selective inhibitors of HO-1(SnPP) inhibited BCE mediated anti-inflammatory activity. BCE was shown to induce expression of HO-1 in hippocampal and microglial cells. In addition, the amount of nuclear Nrf-2 was increased by BCE. These findings suggest that importance of HO-1 and Nrf-2 signals in mediating the neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory effect of BCE, and reveal the therapeutic effect of BCE in neurodegenerative disease.

PFM-6

PFM-8

Production of Vegetable Bioconverted Products Using a Bacterial Strain Pcc21 and Their Potential Antifungal and Antioxidant Effects
Vivek K. Bajpai, Kwang-Hyun Baek* School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University Microbial bioconversion is a green technology that converts a substrate product into an entirely new chemical product with antimicrobial, bio-medicinal and pharmaceutical potential. This study was under taken to examine the efficacy of the bioconverted products obtained from the microbial conversion of cabbage by a bacterial strain Pcc21 as antifungal and antioxidant potential. An approach of microbial fermentation of cabbage using a bacterial strain Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc21) was applied to obtain the bioconverted products of cabbage. Antifungal efficacy of bioconverted products was evaluated by disc diffusion assay, MIC and MFC concentrations, spore germination and growth kinetic assay. Antioxidant ability was confirmed by DPPH radical scavenging assay. The bioconverted products (1000 g/disc) revealed promising antifungal effect against Botrytis cinerea KACC 40573 and Fusarium oxysporum KACC 41083 as a radial growth inhibition percentage 68.7 and 82.5%, respectively along with their respective MIC and MFC values ranging from 125 to 250 and 250 to 500 g/ml. The bioconverted products had a strong detrimental effect on spore germination of both the tested plant pathogens as well as concentration and time-dependent kinetic inhibition of B. cinerea KACC 40573. On the other hand, antioxidant activity assay revealed potent scavenging effect of bioconverted products on DPPH radical. These results confirmed marked efficacy of bioconverted products of cabbage for using in pharmaceutical preparations.

Anti-inflammatory Effects of Ginkgo biloba Extract via Nrf2-mediated Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression in Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells
Ah Jeong Park , Eun Yeon Ryu , Sun Young Park , Sung Hae Park , Su Wook 3 2 1 Bae , Young Hun Kim , Sang Joon Lee * 1 Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea, 2Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea, 3R&D Reserch and Dept., Lioele cosmetic CO.,STD., Pusan National University, Busan, Korea HO-1 has several cell protective abilities against oxidative stress through Nrf2 regulation. Ginkgo biloba has reported about anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects associated with HO-1 expression. Here, we investigated weather anti-inflammatory effects of Ginkgo biloba was involved with Nrf2-mediated HO-1 expression in P. gingivalis LPSstimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Firstly, Ginkgo biloba was extracted with ethyl acetate (EGB). EGB was exhibited its anti-inflammatory activity decreasing the production of P. gingivalis LPS-induced pro-inflammatory mediators. Moreover, EGB suppressed P. gingivalis LPS-induced MAP kinases activation and nuclear translocation of NF-B and AP-1. In sequence, the expression degrees of HO-1 and the nuclear translocation level of Nrf2 were detected. EGB induced the HO-1 expression both transcription and translation level in dose-dependent manner. These results were confirmed by reduced expression under actinomycin D and cycloheximide treated conditions. The Nrf2 level in nucleus and its transactivity were also increased in dose-dependently. To substantiate the anti-inflammatory activity of EGB was involved with Nrf2-mediated HO-1 expression finally, we tested the EGB using HO-1 inhibitor, SnPP. Though the pro-inflammatory mediators were reduced by EGB, those of levels were inverted under SnPP co-treated condition. Furthermore, iNOS and COX-2 expression were also reversed by SnPP. All of results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of EGB is due to HO-1 expression via up-regulation of Nrf2 in RAW 264.7 macrophage stimulated by P. gingivalis LPS.
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Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PFM-9

PFM-11

Microbial Reduction and Quality Characteristics of Chinese Cabbage by Different Salting Conditions
Jung Min Sung, Seong Soon Park, Jeong Ho Lim, Kee Jai Park, Bum Keun Kim, Jin Woong Jeong* Food Industry Services Devision, Food Certification Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongman, Gyeonggi 463-746, Korea The microbial reduction and quality characteristics of salted Chinese cabbage using electrolyzed water were investigated. The electrolyzed water was used to control microbe in primary washing, salting and second washing process. The total bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, coliform, pH, salinity, vitamin C, and total sugar were analyzed. After washing by electrolyzed water, the total bacteria populations was reduced 2.78 log cfu/g and the coliform populations was similar to that. After second washing which was called desalting process, the total bacteria population of Chinese cabbage by washing electolyzed water was reduced a maximum 1.5 log cfu/g compared with that by washing tap water. The results of microbe of salting solution weresimilar to that of Chinese cabbage. The salinity of Chinese cabbage and salting solutions increased rapidly by third hours and then increased slowly. The sterilization effect of electrolyzed salting water could not last over 3 hours because OHCl concentration of electrolyzed water was reduced over 90% at third hours in salting process. Vitamin C was reduced and total sugar was not different regardless of treatments during salting process. Consequently, the electrolyzed water were effective to remove microbe and it recommended to use it in the primary washing among the process.

Properties of Chitinase-producing Bacteria PRC-5 Isolated from Soil

Yong-Su Song, Dong-Jun Seo, Dang-Minh-Chanh Nguyen, Woo-Jin Jung* Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of EnvironmentallyFriendly Agriculture (IEFA), Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea A bacterium PRC-5 having strongchitinolytic activity on colloidal chitin-containing agar medium was isolated from soil. The PRC-5 indicated as gram-negative specie with rod-shaped. The PRC-5 has a chitinase, potease, lipase, and phosphatase activity on 0.5% colloidal chitin, 2.5% Skim milk, 1% Twin 80, and 1% GYP agar medium, respectively. The PRC-5 produced the red pigment with process incubation time. Cell growth of PRC-5 showed rapidly increases for 1 day after incubation with LB medium and was decreased at 3 days. Cell growth of PRC-5 showed a gradual increases for 4 days after incubation with 0.5% colloidal chitin medium and rapidly increased at 5 days. Chitinase activity increased rapidly with maximum level (6.14 mol/mL) at 4 days of incubation with colloidal chitin (pH 5.0). The active bands of chitinase isozymes were observed as three bands (50, 42, and 34 kDa) on SDS-PAGE gel and in range of pI 5.4 ~ 5.8 on 2D gel. The chitinase of PRC-5 strain also shown the ability of GlcNAc monomers production on TLC plate. The chitinase of PRC-5 inhibited the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani KACC40111, suggesting a biocontrol agent for phytophathogens.

PFM-10

PFM-12

Disinfection Effects of Various Sterilizing Water with Dipping Time on Chinese Cabbage
Seong Soon Park, Jung Min Sung, Jeong Ho Lim, Kee Jai Park, Bum Keun Kim, Jin Woong Jeong* Food Industry Services Devision, Food Certification Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongman, Gyeonggi 463-746, Korea This study evaluated the microbiocidal capacity of strong acidic electrolyzed water(SAEW: pH 3.20, ORP 1087, HClO 100 ppm), low alkaline electrolyzed water(LAEW: pH 8.95, ORP 722, HClO 100 ppm), aqueous : chlorine dioxde(ClO2 pH 3.48, ORP 1060, ClO2100 ppm) and NaClO(pH 10.26, ORP 642, 100 ppm) using a cabbage artificially contaminated with pathogenic bacteria(E. coli, S. aureus, B. cereus, S. typhimurium). We carried out various dipping time(3, 5 and 10 min) in order to measure sterilization effects, effective sterilization time and compared washing effects between stems and leaves. About the sterilization effects, compared to the untreated control, the aqueous ClO2 treatment showed the highest reducing effects by other treatments. Especially B. cereus became extinct in aqueous ClO2 treatment for 10 minutes. The reduction of bacteria according to dipping time decreased significantly within 3 minutes. In the case of B.cereus and S. typhimurium showed reduction of 4.70 and 4.71 log CFU/g in ClO2, SAEW treatments, respectively. The reducing effects continued but it is no differences between 5 min and 10 min. In washing effects on Chinese cabbage, the leavesshowed more effective reduction than stems.

In Vitro Antioxidative Activities of Extracts and Various Fractions from Alianthus altissima and Actinidia arguta Planchon
Sang-Min Jeon, Jin-Young Lee, Mi-Young Park, Young-Min Lee, Hwan-Hee Jang, Kyung-A Hwang, Jae-Hyun Kim, Dong-Sik Park* Department of Agrofood Resources, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-853 This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant activity of various solvent fractions derived from two wild edible vegetables such as Ailanthus altissima and Actinidia arguta Planchon. The activities of 70% ethanol extract and various solvent fractions include total polyphenol and total flavonoid content, ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging and SOD-like activity. As a result, the butanol fraction from Actinidia arguta Planchon contained the highest polyphenol and flavonoid of 236.01mg Tan eq/g and 197.59mg Que eq/g. DPPH radical scavenging was the highest in butanol fraction of Ailanthus altissima (56.6%) at 1,000g/mL concentration. ABTS radical scavenging activities was the highest in butanol fraction of Ailanthus altissima(99.81%), followed by butanol fraction of Actinidia arguta Planchon (99.47%) at 500g/mL concetnrartion. The butanol fraction of Ailanthus altissima and butanol fraction of Actinidia arguta Planchon showed higher ABTS radical scavenging activities than positive control(L-ascorbic acid, BHT and tocopherol) at 500g/mL concentration. The SOD-like activities of all extract and fractions were slightly low which is from 17.36 to 11.85% at 1,000 g/mL concentration. Therefore, these results suggested that Ailanthus altissima and Actinidia arguta Planchon might be a potential source of antioxidants.

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PFM-13

PFM-15

Antioxidant Activities of Solvent Fractions from Isodon japonicus, Zanthoxylum schinifolium, Aster scaber and Aster yomena
Jin-Young Lee, Sang-Min Jeon, Young-Min Lee, Hwan-Hee Jang, Kyung-A Hwang, Mi-Young Park, Jae-Hyun Kim, Dong-Sik Park* Department of Agrofood Resources, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-853 As an effort to develop functional food ingredient and to find out the biological activity, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity, SOD-like activity of four wild edible vegetables were measured. The ethanol extract and various solvent fractions were derived from these vegetables such as Isodon japonicus, Zanthoxylum schinifolium, Aster scaber and Aster yomena. As a result, the ethyl acetate fraction of Aster scaber showed the highest content of total phenolic (757.89mg/g), flavonoid compounds(454.29mg/g) and showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity of 70.91% at 1,000g/mL concentration and also showed higher ABTS radical scavenging activity (99.29%) than positive control(L-ascorbic acid, BHT and tocopherol) at 500 g/mL concentration. The SOD-like activity of all extract and fractions showed 22.2~13.98% at 1,000g/mL concentration, depending on the concentration. Thus, four wild edible vegetables can be expected to develop specific functional food ingredient.

Characterization of Makgeolli Brewed from Yeasts Depending on the Temperature

Hye-Ryun Kim, Jeoung-Mae Son, Jae-Ho Kim, Byung-Hak Ahn* Korean Alcoholic Beverage Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute The objective of this study was to improve the quality of makgeolli by using yeasts depending on the fermentation temperature. In order to investigate the effect of yeasts depending on the temperature on the quality of makgeolli, physico-chemical properties, volatile components and sensory attributes were evaluated. After fermentation for 7 days, the ethanol contents in twelve samples were ranged from 5.670.23 to 18.270.58%, o while the soluble solid contents were 3.830.21 to 14.930.4 Brix. The total acid contents were ranged from 0.260.01 to 0.670.01%, while the pH levels were 2.960.01 to 3.380.07. As to the organic acid, the citric acid showed up as the highest content and the makgeolli of La parisiene (15C) was the most abundant as 3.780.13 mg/ml. Volatile flavor components in the makgeolli brewed from yeasts depending on the temperature were identified by using GC-MSD. Twenty two esters, four alcohols, five acids and two others compounds were identified. The principal component analysis (PCA) of the volatile compounds grouped long-chain esters, on the left side of the first principal component, PC1; these compounds were found in makgeolli that were made with La parisiene (15C, 20C), 197-13(20C, 25C, 30C) and 263-4(25C). On the other side of PC1 were short-chain esters; these compounds were found in makgeolli that were brewed with La parisiene (25C, 30C), Y197-13(15C) and Y263-4(15C, 20C, 30C).

PFM-14

PFM-16

Effect of the Amount of Water on the Physicochemical Characteristics and Volatile Compounds of Makgeolli
Hye-Ryun Kim, Ae-Ran Lee, Jae-Ho Kim, Byung-Hak Ahn* Korean Alcoholic Beverage Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute In order to investigate the effect of different amount of water on the quality of makgeolli, physico-chemical properties and volatile components were evaluated. After fermentation for 7 days, the ethanol contents in seven samples (150%, 200%, 250%, 350%, 450%, 550% and 650%, v/w, water regarding the amount of rice) were ranged from 5.0 to 12.8%, while the soluble solid contents were 2.8 to 12.7Brix. The total acid contents were ranged from 0.26 to 0.52%, while the pH levels were 3.34 to 3.88. As to the organic acid, the lactic acid showed up as the highest content and the makgeolli of 200% amount of water was the most abundant as 6.39 mg/ml. Volatile flavor components in the makgeolli prepared with different amount of water supply were identified by using GC-MSD. Twenty nine esters, six alcohols, six acids and three others compounds were identified. In the makgeolli of 550% amount of water or greater, the alcohol content was less than 6.0% and the viable cell count showed up as 6.01X106 CFU/ml. In the viable cell count, if the number of lactic acid bacteria (3.2 5 X10 CFU/ml) was excluded, the general bacterial count showed up as 2.35 X101 CFU/ml and it was not to be suitable as the amount of water for makgeolli.

The Antioxidant Avtivities of Extracts fromMedicinal Plants

Young-Je Cho *, Hye-Jin Park , Sun-Ae Kang , Won-Seup Cha , Bun-Sung Jo3, Jin-Sung Kim 3, Bong-Jeun An 4 1 School of Food Science & Biotechnology, Food & Bio-Industry Research Institute, 2 Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea, 3School of Food Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 742-711, Korea, 4Department of Cosmeceutical, Daegu Hanny University, Gyeongsan, 712-715, Korea In this study, the optimum condition for phenolic compounds extraction from medicinal plants were 24 hrs and about 50% ethanol. The electron donating scavenging activities (DPPH), ABTS radical cation decolorization (ABTS), antioxidant protection factor(PF) and thiobarbituric acid reaction substance (TBARs) were measured for antioxidant activity with extracts from Sanguisorba officinalis Linne., Citrus unshiu Markovich., Melia azedarach L., Asparagus cochinchinensis Merr., Citrus unshiu S., Polygonum aviculare L. and Leonurus sibiricus L. Total phenolic contents of extracts from medical plants determined as 0.45 to 3.00 mg/g in the water extracts and 0.33 to 3.15 mg/g in 50% ethanol extracts, respectively. The electron donating ability(EDA) of the water and ethanol extracts was both above 85% at 50 g/ml concentration. ABTS radical cation decolorization above 80% at concentration of 100 g/ml in all extracts of various medicinal plants. The antioxidant protection factor (PF) of Melia azedarach L. extracts was measured as 1.650.40 PF at in water extracts at concentration of 100 g/ml and it was higher than other medicinal plant extracts. The inhibition rates TBARs of all medicinal plants extracts except Asparagus cochinchinensis Merr. were above 85% at 100 g/ml concentration. These results confirmed that the various oriental medicinal plants (Sanguisorba officinalis Linne., Citrus unshiu Markovich., Melia azedarach L., Asparagus cochinchinensis Merr., Citrus unshiu S., Polygonum aviculare L. and Leonurus sibiricus L.) certified as useful source for functional food.(SRAA)
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Poster Session

PFM-17

PFM-19

The Antioxidant Activities of Extracts from Sambucus williamsii var.

Young-Je Cho *, Jung-Woo Chae , Sun-Ae Kang , Won-Seup Cha , 4 4 1 3 Bun-Sung Jo , Jin-Sung Kim , Sung-Sook Chun , Hye-Jin Park , Bong-Jeun An 5 1 School of Food Science & Biotechnology, Food &Bio-Industry Research Institute, 2 Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea, Gyeonggi-do Forest Environment Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do Forest Environment Research Institute, Osan 447-290, Korea, 3School of Applied Biosciences, yungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea, 4School of Food Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 742-711, Korea, 5Department of Cosmeceutical, Daegu Hanny University, Gyeongsan, 712-715, Korea Total phenolic compounds from Sambucus williamsii var. stem extracts were2.0, 1.9, 14.74 and 13.67 mg/g in the water extracts, 70% ethanol, 70% methanol and 70% acetone extracts and those of leaves extracts were 6.6, 5.2, 15.32, and 14.62 mg/g in the water, 70% ethanol, 70% methanol and 70% acetone, respectively.In various ethanol concentrations, total phenolic compounds of 70% ethanol extracts from Sambucus williamsii var. stem and leaves were both the highest each as 2.0 mg/g and 5.2 mg/g, and the optimal extraction time was 18 hours both. The antioxidant activities of Sambucus williamsii var. stem extracts were measured as 94.260.43% at 200 /ml in EDA, 97.200.28% inhibition rates on ABTS, 1.041.47 PF in antioxidant protection factor and TBARS were 90.640.21% and 85.290.34 in the control and 70% ethanol extracts. EDA of Sambucus williamsii var. leaves extracts was 89.731.15% at 200 /ml, 99.110.91% of inhibition rate on ABTS, 1.111.22 PF in antioxidant protection factor and TBARS were 98.131.41 and 85.29 0.74% in the control 70% ethanol extracts.(SRAA)
1 2 3 4

Antioxidant Activities and Antimicrobial Activity against Helicobacter pylori of Extracts from Dystaenia takesimana Kitagawa
Young-Je Cho *, Jung-Woo Chae , Bun-Sung Jo , Jin-Sung Kim , Won-Seup Cha 3, Sung-Sook Chun 1, Hye-Jin Park 4, Sun-Ae Kang 4 1 School of Food Science & Biotechnology, Food & Bio-Industry Research Institute, 2 Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea, Gyeonggi-do Forest Environment Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do Forest Environment Research Institute, Osan 447-290, Korea, 3School of Food Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 742-711, Korea, 4School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea This study was carried out to determine the antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity on Helicobacter pylori from Dystaenia takesimana Kitagawa extracts. Total phenolic contents of the water and 70% ethanol extracts were 3.81.08, 2.10.96 mg/g, respectively. Antioxidant activities of water and 70% ethanol extracts of Dystaenia takesimana Kitagawa were 91.120.14% and 92.071.92% in DPPH, 79.720.10% and 97.56 1.37% in ABTS, 1.271.34 and 1.291.09 PF in antioxidant protection factor, 95.980.78% and 62.620.32% in TBARS. The inhibition rates against elastse of water and 70% ethanol extracts were 22.321.25% and 23.344.66%, and inhibitory activities against the angiotensin converting enzyme were 93.055.47% in water extracts, 92.682.89% in 70% ethanol extracts. The inhibitory activity of Dystaenia takesimana Kitagawa extracts on H. pylori was determined upon clear zone of 13mm with 70% ethanol extracts. These results will be helpful for understanding physiological effects of Dystaenia takesimana Kitagawa extracts.(SRAA)
1 2 3 3

PFM-18

PFM-20

Biological Activity of Ethanol Extract from Amelanchier asiatica

Young-Je Cho *, Jung-Woo Chae , Jin-Sung Kim , Bun-Sung Jo , 3 1 4 4 Won-Seup Cha , Sung-Sook Chun , Hye-Jin Park , Sun-Ae Kang 1 School of Food Science & Biotechnology, Food & Bio-Industry Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea, 2Gyeonggi-do Forest Environment Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do Forest Environment Research Institute, Osan 447-290, Korea, 3School of Food Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 742-711, Korea, 4School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea The purpose of this study is in order to determine biological activity of Amelanchier asiatica. Amelanchier asiatica has been used as a traditional medical food. The research was carried out to assay antioxidants, angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE), Xanthine oxidase, and elastase inhibition effects. Total phenolic compounds of Amelanchier asiatica extracts was 17.6mg/ml. EDA of Amelanchier asiatica upon DPPH free radical scavenging test was 90.18% at 200 g/ml. ABTS radical decolorization of Amelanchier asiatica extracts was 98.81% at 200 g/ml. The inhibiting rate of antioxidant protection factor was 1.03 PF, and TBARS was 73.27% at 200 g/ml. Xanthine oxidase inhibiting activity of Amelanchier asiatica extracts showed the effects as 13.19% at 200 g/ml. The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity was significantly inhibited by Amelanchier asiatica extracts (82.52% inhibition at 200 g/ml). Elastase inhibition activity in the Amelanchier asiatica extracts(41.48% at 200 g/ml) was higher than that of Vit. C.(12.8% at 200 g/ml) This study suggests that Amelanchier asiatica has the greatest property as a functional food source.(SRAA)
1 2 3 4

Trial to Reduce PAHs Contents in the Process of Sesame Oil

Eun Young Kim 1*, Jae Ho Ha 2, Rae Kwang Cho 1 1 Dept. of Applied Biology and Chemistry, Kyung-Pook National University, 2Food analysis center, Korea Food Research Institute It is well known that sesame oil as Korean traditional edible oil has antioxidant. But consumers worry the reports Benzo[a]pyrene as carcinogens was contained in sesame oil. The aim of this research is to reduce PAHs content such as benzo[a]pyrene during the process of washing, roasting of sesame seeds and refining of sesame oil. Raw materials were used Korean sesame seeds. PAHs were measured by HPLC. As a results, heavy PAHs in sesame oil extracted after washing with 50% ethanol, and roasting at 250for 1 hour were reduced about half in content. In the comparison of the roasting methods of sesame seeds such as hot-air, gas and electric roaster, there is no significant difference in PAHs contents. In the refining process, light PAHs of sesame oil by deacidification with NaOH were decreased about 1/2. By bleaching with active carbon, similar effect of decreasing of light PAHs were obtained. Furthermore, we tried to purify each components such as testa, oil, protein, residual carbohydrate. From thecomparison of PAHs contents after heat treatments of these purified components, testa was considered as role compound to produce PAHs. From the above results, economical-safe sesame oil to minimize carcinogen, to retain traditional flavours, can be produced through the combination of process such as washing, peeling, proper roasting and refining.(SRAA)

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PFM-21

PFM-23

Lipoxygenase Inhibitory Activity of Alkyl Protocatechuates

Tae Joung Ha , Ken-ichi Nihei , Hyun-Tae Kim , In-Youl Baek , Isao Kubo 1 Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, 20th Jeompiljero, Miryang 627-803, Korea, 2Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 947203114, USA Alkyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoates (protocatechuates) were found to inhibit the linoleic acid peroxidation catalyzed by soybean lipoxygenase-1 (EC 1.13.11.12, Type 1). The inhibitory activity was a parabolic function of their lipophilicity and maximized with alkyl chain length between C11 and C14. Tetradecanyl (C14) protocatechuate exhibited the most potent inhibition with an IC50 of 0.047 M, followed by dodecyl (C12) protocatechuate with an IC50 of 0.06 M. However, their parent compound, protocatechuic acid, did not show this inhibitory activity up to 200 M, indicating that the alkyl chain length is significantly related to the soybean lipoxygenase-1 inhibitory activity. The inhibition of soybean lipoxygenase-1 of longer alkyl protocatechuates is reversible but in combinationwith their ability to disrupt the active site competitively and to interact with the hydrophobic portion surrounding near the active site. In the case of tetradecanyl protocatechuate, the enzyme quickly and reversibly binds this protocatechuate and then its tetradecanyl group undergoes a slow interaction with the hydrophobic domain. The inhibition kinetics analyzed by LineweaverBurk plots indicates that octyl protocatechuate is a competitive inhibitor and the inhibition constant (KI) was obtained as 0.54 M.
1,2 2 1 1 2

Metagenomic Characterization of Fermented Kanjang Reveals Predominance of Frmicutes Bacteria

Kye Man Cho *, Han Dae Yun , Weon Taek Seo 1 Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Republic of Korea, 2Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program) and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea The bacterial diversity and the composition of individual communities during commercial kanjang fermentation on mass production were examined using the PCR-based approach. Basedon the 16S rRNA sequence similarity value, a total of 22 different bacterial species were found at six sampling sites; Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter hormaechei, Enterobacter sp., Enterococcus gallinarum, Klebsiella sp. Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus sp., Leuconostoc pseudomesneteroides, Leuconostoc sp., Pediococcus pentosaceus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. gallinarum, S. kloosii, S. piscifermentans, S. sciuri, S. saprohyticus, Staphylococcus sp., Tetragenococcus halophilus, Tetragenococcus sp., Weissella cibaria, and W. confusa. T. halophilus belonging to Firmicuteswas the highest (82.5%) at 30 day (0MK site), and gradually decreased and reached its minimum (32.5%) at the final day (5MK site, 198 days). Of a total of 240 clones, 133 clones (55.4%) belonged to the T. halophilus suggesting that T. halophilus is a major soybean fermented food bacteria [This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (grant number 2010-0022508)].
1 2 1

PFM-22

PFM-24

Effect of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia) on Nuruk-making Process and Makgeolli Quality
Kye Man Cho *, Hyeon Kook Cho , Hyun Young Kim , Eun Ju Cho 1 Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 660-758, Republic of Korea, 2R & D Center, Farming Corporation OrumJooga Winery, Sacheon 664-070, Republic of Korea, 3Department of Food Science and Nutrition & Research Institute of Ecology for the Elderly, Pusan National University, Busan 609-753, Republic of Korea Bitter melon (BM) was used as a raw material in the rice nuruk- and makgeolli-making process. BM rice nuruck were made with rice by adding 0-2.0% (w/w) bitter melon, and the fermentation characteristics of makgeolli were studied during the fermentation process. The pH during fermentation decreased from 4.52 (0% BM-RN), 4.93 (0.5%), 4.50 (1.0%), and 4.46 (2.0%) of initial fermentation day to 4.15, 4.30, 4.57, and 4.59, while the acidity increased from 0.64-0.70% to 1.17-1.28%, respectively. The contents of sugar increased from 2.2-4.4 g/L of the initial day to 9.0-9.3 g/L and the levels of alcohol increased the 13.0% on the end fermentation day (7 day), respectively. The contents of soluble phenolics increased from 992.01 (0% BM-RN), 1006.92 (0.5%), 1318.24 (1.0%), and 1406.29 (2.0%) mg/mL of 0 day to 1846.54, 2230.19, 2236.48, 2484.91 mg/mL of the final fermentation day (7 day), respectively, while the levels of antioxidant activities increased [This work was supported by Grant No. 70008597 from the Development of Regional Industry and Technology program of MSK, and partially by the Local Business program of MFAFF, Korea].
1 2 1 3

Nutritional Evaluation of Deep-sea Fishes Lycodes sp. and Mola mola

Hyeon-Ah Cho, Na Young Yoon, Doo-Seog Lee, Yeon-Kye Kim* Food and Safety Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute In the present study, we were evaluated nutritional composition including proximate composition, amino acid and fatty acid contents of three deep-sea fishes, two Lycodes sp. and Mola mola.These deep-sea fish inhabit at depth of 300 m in the East Sea and use as foodstuffs in Korea. The moisture (80.3- 93.8%), crude protein (5.0-17.4%), crude lipid (0.2-1.5%) and ash (0.6-1.1%) contents of these were analyzed and showed significant differences among them. The proportions of moisture-protein and moisture-lipid of these exhibited negative correlations, while did not show any correlation between moisture and ash. In addition, the contents of amino acid and fatty acid of these were analyzed and observed their significant differences between species. The results suggest that these deep-sea fishes have the nutritional values as the foodstuffs.

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Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PFM-25

PFM-27

Physicochemical Properties of Citrus Peel Extracts Using Optimized Hot Water Extraction and Enzymatic Hydrolysis
Dae-Ik Kim *, Sung-Ran Yoon , Jungeun Noh , Ae-Kyoung Lim , Dam Huh 1 Daegu Technopark BioHealth Convergence Center, Daegu 704-801, Korea, 2 Omniherb Co., Ltd., Daegu 706-060, Korea
1 1 1 1 2

Antioxidative, Anti-inflammatory and Antipruritus Effects of Perilla frutescens Extract

Seon Il Jang *, In Hwa Jeon , Ji Ye Mok , Jung-Keun Cho , Hyeon Soo Kim , 1 1 Ji Min Park , Hyun-Ju Kang 1 School of Alternative Medicine & Health Science, College of Alternative Medicine, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Radiological Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Republic of Korea The leaves of perilla [Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. var. japonica (Hassk.) Hara] are often used in Asian food. This study was to evaluate the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of the extract of perilla leaves (PLE). PLE significantly increased electron donating ability (DPPH), nitrite scavenging (NO), ABTS reducing activity, and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities in dose dependant. PLEalso showed high levels of total flavonoid and polyphenol. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of PLE on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. PLE significantly suppressed the levels of the inflammatory mediators such as NO, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) and interleukin-1 in dose dependant. Futhermore, the scratching induced by pruritogen was inhibited by PLE administration in ICR mice. These results suggest that PLE administration may be improve the atopic dermatitis by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antipruritus effects.
1 1 1 2 1

This study was conducted to investigate the physicochemical properties of citrus peel extracts with different hot water extraction conditions. Enzymatic hydrolysis was also employed using Viscozyme L and results were compared with that of optimized hot water extract. Total yield, total phenolics, total flavonoids, and electron donating ability (EDA) of citrus peel extracts were determined. The extraction was performed under different independent parameters such as extraction time, temperature and the sample to solvent ratio. The hot water extracts showed optimum results at temperature of 85, the sample to solvent ratio of 1:20 (g/mL) and extraction time of 120 min. The hot water extract under optimum conditions was compared with citrus peel hydrolysate using Viscozyme L for its physicochemical properties. The result of enzyme-treated extract was higher than hot water extract regarding total yield, total phenolics, total flavonoids and EDA.

PFM-26

PFM-28

Optimization of Extraction Conditions for Bioactive Components from Citrus Peel Using Response Surface Methodology
Dae-Ik Kim *, Sung-Ran Yoon , Jungeun Noh , Ae-Kyoung Lim , Dam Huh 1 Daegu Technopark BioHealth Convergence Center, Daegu 704-801, Korea, 2 Omniherb Co., Ltd, Daegu 706-060, Korea
1 1 1 1 2

Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense Extract

Seon Il Jang *, Ji Ye Mok1, Jung-Keun Cho , In Hwa Jeon , Hyeon Soo Kim , Ji Min Park1, Seung-Il Jeong 3 1 School of Alternative Medicine &Health Science, College of Alternative Medicine, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Radiological 3 Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Republic of Korea, Laboratory of Natural Product, Jeonju Biomaterials Institute The leaves, roots, stems and seeds of Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense are often used in treatment of human disease such as hemorrhage, blood congestion and inflammation. This study was to evaluate the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of the extract of the leaves, roots, stems and seeds of C. japonicum var.ussuriense. Total flavonoid and polyphenol of root extract (CRE) and seed extract (CSE) showed higher than the leaf and stem extract. CRE and CSE also showed high antioxidant activities such as electron donating ability (DPPH), nitrite scavenging (NO), ABTS reducing activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of CRE and CSE on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. CRE and CSE significantly suppressed the levels of the inflammatory mediators such as NO, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) and interleukin-1 in dose dependant. These results suggest that extracts of C. japonicum var. ussuriense may have value as natural product with their high quality funtional components, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities.
1 2 1 1

The extraction characteristics of bioactive components such as yield, total phenolics, total flavonoids and electron donating ability (EDA) from citrus peel were monitored by theresponse surface methodology (RSM). A central composite design was applied to investigate the effects of independent variables as extraction temperature (80, 85, 90, 95 and 100) and time (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min) on dependent variables. Total yield, total phenolics, total flavonoids and EDA increased with the increase in extraction temperature and time. Based on superimposition of response surface with respect to yield, total phenolics, total flavonoids and EDA obtained under the various extraction conditions, the optimum ranges of extraction conditions were found to be extraction temperature of 95~10 0and extraction time of 100~130 min. A comparison between the predicted and experimental values for optimizing the extraction conditions resulted in insignificant differences.

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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PFM-29

PFM-31

Antioxidant Properties of Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense Extract

Seon Il Jang *, Hyun Ju Kang , Jung-Keun Cho , Ji Ye Mok , In Hwa Jeon , 1 1 3 Hyeon Soo Kim , Ji Min Park , Jae-Suk Shim 1 School of Alternative Medicine & Health Science, College of Alternative Medicine, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Radiological 3 Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Republic of Korea, Laboratory of Natural Product, Imsil Herbal Medicine Association Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense are often used in treatment of human disease such as hemorrhage, blood congestion and inflammation. This study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of the root extract of C. japonicum var. ussuriense (CRE) to protect normal human erythrocytes and plasma samples against oxidative damage in vitro. In red blood cells, oxidative hemolysis and lipid peroxidation induced by the aqueous peroxyl radical generator [2,2'-Azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, AAPH] were significantly lowered by CRE in a time- and dose-dependent manner; at the same time, the depletion of cytosolic glutathione was delayed. In plasma samples, CRE inhibited the extent of lipid oxidation induced by the pro-oxidant agent cupric chloride (CuCl2). These results suggest that the root extract of C. japonicum var. ussuriense may have value as natural product with its high quality antioxidant activites.
1 1 2 1 1

Glucosinolates in Green and Red Cabbage (Brassica oleracea)

Sun-Ju Kim 1, Suhyoung Park 2* 1 Department of Biological Environment and Chemistry, Chungnam National 2 University, 99 Daehak-Ro,Yuseung-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), RDA, 475 Imok-dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 440-706 Thirty-seven lines of green and red cabbages were cultivated in the green house in National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS) according to the Standard Farming Manual for cabbage from August to December, 2010. Those cabbages were bred to increase functional GSLs, particularly glucoraphanin (the GSL precursor of sulforaphane, an isothiocyanate) and glucobrassicin (indole-3-carbinol) contents. After harvest on the middle of December, they were lyophilized, extracted by 70% boiling methanol at 70C and analyzed to determine GSLs. Seven glucosinolates (GSLs: glucoraphanin, sinigrin, glucoalyssin, glucosinalbin, 4-hydroxyglucobrassicin, glucobrassicin, 4-methoxy-glucobrassicin) were identified and quantified in green and red cabbage (Brassica oleracea) using HPLC and LC-MS instruments. The GSL contents ranged from 31 to 57 mol/g dry wt. in green cabbage (12 lines), but it was found very widely range in green cabbage (25 lines, 55 ~ 139 mol/g dry wt.). Among the GSLs, the main compounds were glucoraphanin (21% of the total GSL content in green and 43% in red), sinigrin (44% and 12%) and glucobrassicin (23% and 31%). Even glucosinalbin (ranged from 5 to 18 mol/g dry wt.) was a main compound in red cabbage, but no found in green cabbage, except for FX15-2. As a result, it is evaluated that the goal to improve glucoraphanin and glucobrassicin contents was almost achieved, but it is recommend reducing sinigrin content because of potentially bitter taste.

PFM-30

PFM-32

Effects of Corn Gluten Hydrolysate on Appetite Regulation in Rats

Hyo Jung Lee, Han I Jang, Ju Mi Mun, Min Sun Moon, Ji Yeon Kim, Oran Kwon* Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of corn gluten hydrolysate on appetite regulation and satiety. Eight-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=14) were randomly divided into two groups. The rats were fed standard chow diet and the experiment group was given 1.5 g of corn gluten hydrolysate daily by oral administration for 7 days. Food intake and body weight were measured daily, whereas body fat level, fasting blood glucose and the expression levels of appetite regulatory genes in hypothalamus, which were LEPR, NPY, AGRP, POMC and SOCS3, were analyzed at the end of 7 days. As a result, rats supplemented with the corn gluten hydrolysate tended to reduce the body weight and significantlylowered food intake; the level of perirenal fat accumulation and fasting blood glucose were significantly lower than that of control group. Also, the corn gluten hydrolysate group significantly lowered mRNA expression level of NPY gene in hypothalamus. According to these results, corn gluten hydrolysate seems to have a positive effect on lowering appetite levels and it may provide a possibility of anti-obesity effects in longer treatment.

Quantitative Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Curcuma Longa L. Using GC-TOF-MS

Jueun Lee 1,2, Youngae Jung 1, Juae Kim 1,2, Eunjung Bang 1, Dohyun Ryu 2, Geumsook Hwang 1,3* 1 Department of Analytical Research, Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Chemistry, Natural Science Campus, Sungkyunkwan University, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Republic of Korea, 3 Department of Analytical Science and Technology, Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea Turmeric, Curcuma Longa L., is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant of the ginger family, Zingiberaceae. It is native to tropical South Asia that has a considerable amount of annual rainfall and temperatures between 20 and 30. It has been used as a spice in curries and natural dye and investigated the effect as herbal medicines to treat some diseases such as Alzheimer, cancer and other clinical disorders.order to investigate the difference of the cultivation periods in turmeric, three groups of samples were grown in Je Ju Island in Korea for 4, 7 and 12 month. In this study, quantitative analysis of volatile non-polar compounds in turmeric was performed using GC-TOF-MS. The underivatized hexane fraction was subjected to GC-TOF-MS and the detected peaks amounted to thirty one in the samples. The major constituents were identified as -zingiberene (33.6%), tumerone(23.1%), -sesquiphellandrene(18.9%), curlone(8.27%), -elemenone(3.52%), -bisabolene(2.41%), ar-tumerone (1.96%) and -curcumene(1.45%). The multivariate analysis showed significant difference between three groups in PCA score plot (Q2 0.91, R2 0.72). Several identified compounds such as -curcumene, -bergamotene and -elemenone were the highest level in the group grown for 7 month, whereas the other compounds like -sesquiphellandrene, (+)-nerolidol, (E)--himachalene and (E)--farnesene increased as turmeric grew older. This study indicated that there was a considerable change of the metabolic pattern depending on the cultivation periods.(SRAA)

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Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PFM-33

PFM-35

Metabolomics Approach for the Differentiation of Astragalus Roots from Different Origins
Jeeyoun Jung , Youngsang Jung , Jinsup Kim , Geumsook Hwang * 1 Department of Analytical Research, Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea, 2Department of Physiology, College of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 540-749, Republic of Korea, 3Department of Analytical Science and Technology, Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea Metabolomics has been employed as an innovative way to discriminate herbs according to different sources. In this research, three different types of Astragalus roots from China and Korea were characterized using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) followed by multivariate data analyses. The principal component analysis (PCA) derived from 1H NMR and UPLS-MS spectra of herbal medicine, Astragalus root,showed a clear different clustering according to the different origins, and two species of Astragalus root cultivated from China was clearly separated from Astragalus root from Korea along the first principal component (PC1). The major metabolites that contributed to the geographical discrimination factor are primary metabolites including alanine, aspartate, carprate, citrate, formate, furmarate, glutamate, histamine, N-acetylaspartate, proline, sucrose, threonine, trigoneline, valine, xylose and secondary metabolites including formononentin. Especially, caprate, citrate, formate, threonine, formononetine was significantly differentiated Korean from China regardless of species difference. In addition, Astragalus membranaceus Bunge. var. membranaceus was distinct separation from Astragalus mogolicus Bunge along the second principal component (PC2) in china group. The major metabolites that contributed to the species discrimination factor are acetate, alanine, aspartate, furmarate, glutamate, histamine, N-acetylaspartate, proline, succinate, sucrose, trigoneline, valine, xylose. The results 1 demonstrate that H NMR and UPLC-MS- based metabolomics coupled with chemometric analysis can be easily used to discriminate the different origins for various herbal medicines. (SRAA)
1,2 1 1,3 1,3

Characterization of Dandelion Species Using H NMR- and GC-MS-Based Metabolite Profiling

Youngae Jung , Yun Gyong Ahn1, Ho Kyoung Kim , Zi-Hey Jang , Yong-Kook 1,3 1,3 Kwon , Geum-Sook Hwang * 1 Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea, 2 Center of Herbal Resources Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 3 Deajeon, 305-811, Republic of Korea, Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam University, Deajeon, 305-764, Republic of Korea Taraxacum, known as dandelion, is a large genus of plants in the family Asteraceae. Pharmacological studies have shown that these plants display a wide variety of medicinal properties because Taraxacum extracts contain many pharmacologically active metabolites that display anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antioxidant, and anticancer activity. Each plant species displays several different naturalconstituents, the majority of which have not been studied as no global metabolite screen of the diverse Taraxacum species has been performed. In this study, we investigated the metabolite difference in three species of Taraxacum (T. coreanum, T. officinale, and 1 T. platycarpum) by H NMR spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) coupled with multivariate statistical analyses. The aim of this study was to identify the different chemical compositions of the polar and nonpolar extracts in these species. A partial least-squares discriminant analysis showed a significantly higher separation among nonpolar extracts (mainly fatty acids and sterols) compared to polar extracts (mainly amino acids, organic acids, and sugars) between these species. A one-way ANOVA was performed to statistically certify the metabolite differences of these nonpolar extracts. Taken together, these 1 data suggest that a metabolomic approach using combined H NMR and GC-MS analysis is an effective analytical method to differentiate biochemical compositions among different species in plants.
1 2 1,3

PFM-34

PFM-36

Bioavailability of Nano Particulate of Coenzyme Q10 in Rats

Sang Mi Kim, Young Suk Ahn, You Jin Kim, Ji Yeon Kim, Oran Kown* Food and Nutritional Sciences, Ewha Womans University, 11-1 Daehyun-Dong 120-750, Seoul The purpose of this study was to determine the bioavailability of Nano particulate coenzyme Q10 (Nano CoQ10). The particle size of Nano CoQ10 was 188 nm and it showed high physical stability in distilled water without any creaming and aggregation. In order to compare the bioavailability of Nano CoQ10 in water phase with normal CoQ10 in oil phase, pharmacokinetic study was done using six-week-old male SpragueDawley rats (n=9 per each group). After a single oral administration of each coenzyme Q10 solution, the blood of rats was collected at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9 and 12 h and then the concentrations of coenzyme Q10 was analyzed using HPLC. The CoQ10 levels in blood were found to be significantly high when administered with the Nano CoQ10 in water phase. The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and Area under concentration time Curve (AUC) values were about 1.10 0.1 mM/ml and 5.92 1.1, whereas Cmax and AUC of normal CoQ10 in oil were 0.79 0.07 mM/ml and 5.30 0.6, respectively. These results suggestedNano CoQ10 provide an efficient way of improving oral bioavailability with stability in water phase.(SRAA)

Study on Metabolic Profile after Oral Administration of Poly-gamma-glutamic Acid in Rats

Eun-Jin Kim 1,2, Jahaan Kim 2, jungju Seo 2, Sang-Yoon Choi1, Geum-Sook 2,3 Hwang * 1 School of Life Sci. & Biotechnol, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea, 2Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute,, Seoul 136-713, 3Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, chungnam University, Daejeon, 305-764 Poly-gamma-glutamic acid (-PGA) is a mucilaginous and biodegradable compound produced by Bacilus subtilis from fermented soybeans, and is found in the traditional Korean soy product, Cheongkukjang. This study was carried out to research the metabolic changes after oral administration 1 of -PGA form food source. We applied H-NMR based metabolomic approach to profile of metabolic change dependent on time (pre 24hour, post 4, 12, 24, and 48 hour) after oral administration of -PGA in rats. Six-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=30)were used and were divided into three groups of ten each dose (High 100 mg/kg, Low 25mg/kg, and Control). Fecal samples were collected for 1 day prior to dosing and up to 48h and spleen samples were sacrificed after 48h. In fecal sample, acetate, glutamate, glycine, hypoxathine, leucine, lysine and threonine were showed a difference according to time points. Acetate, inosine, isoleucine, lactate, leucine, phenylalanine, threonine, valine, and xanthine in the spleen were seemed significance depending on the dose. This time and dose dependent component variations induced by of -PGA were achieved using pattern recognition methods. This work illustrated the high reliability of NMR-based metabolomic approach on the study of the biochemical effects induced by of -PGA.

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PFM-37

PFM-39

Comparison of Metabolic Profiles of HepG2 Cells Treated with Pigmented Rice Cultivars
Young-Suk Kim*, A-Young Lee, Hyun Chung Department of Food Science and Technology, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea. Metabolic profiles of HepG2 cells treated with a variety of cultivars of pigmented rice, including black rice(Heugkwangbyeo) and red rice(Hongjinjubyeo), were evaluated and compared. After solvent extraction and derivatization by N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide with trimethylchlorosilane, metabolites in HepG2 cells treated with different pigmented rice cultivars were analyzed using GC-TOFMS. The metabolites identified from HepG2 cells were composed of organic acids, amino acids, fatty acids, and carbohydrates. The levels of total organic acids and amino acids in HepG2 cells treated with black and red rice were significantly higher than those treated with white rice and negative control (HepG2 cells without treatment) (p<0.05). However, the levels of total fatty acids of HepG2 cells treated with pigmented rice were significantly lower than those with white rice and negative control (p<0.05). Also, the levels of total carbohydrates, in particular glucose, in HepG2 cells treated with pigmented rice were significantly lower compared to that of negative control (p<0.05). These results indicated that pigmented rice cultivars such as black and red rice could affect metabolic profiles of HepG2 cells.

Effect of Electron beam Irradiation on Dvelopment and Reproduction of Myzus persicae and Tetranychus uriticae
Sung-Jin Lim , Seon-Ah Hwang , Jae-Taek Lee , Hye-Ran Jeong , 1 1 1 Gyeong-Ae Lee , Won-Tae Shin , Jae-Young Cho * 1 Department of Bio-environmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea, 2Department of Agronomy, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea This study was carried out to investigate the effect of electron beam on Myzus persicae and Tetranychus uriticae. Fifty adults in insect culture that was placed at 0, 7, 12, and 17 cm positionfrom the top of box for agriculture product export was irradiated with 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 kGy electron beam, and then lethality, hatchability, and laying eggs were examined at 1 and 5 days after irradiation (DAI). Although the survival of adults of M. persicae and T. uriticae irradiated that was placed 0 and 7 cm position were not affection at 1 and 5 DAI, but the laying eggs of them were completely inhibited at 1 and 5 DAI at all irradiation dose. Therefore, if the electron beam is irradiated to agriculture products for the exportation and importation before the packing, it can be substituted for the fumigation in pest quarantine.
1 2 1 1

PFM-38

PFM-40

The Identification of Polyamine in the Korean Traditional Food

Cher Won Hwang *, Jae Ho Choi , Sun Chul Kang , Gi Seok Kwon 1 GLS(Global Leadership School), Handong Global University, Handong Glabal University, Heunghae-eup, Buk-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongbuk, South Korea, 2Life Science, Handong Glabal University, Handong Glabal University, Heunghae-eup, 3 Buk-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongbuk, South Korea, Biotechnology, Daegu University, Daegu university, Jillyang, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, South Korea, 4Bioresource Science, Andong National University, Andong National University, (Songcheondong) 1375 Gyeongdong-ro, Andong-si, Gyeongbuk, South Korea Polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) are essential for normal cell growth. The polyamine levels in cells are regulated by biosynthesis, degradation, and transport. They are synthesized endogenously from ornithine and are interconvertible. In addition, an exogenous supply of polyamines is provided by dietary intake and by intestinal absorption from the products of bacterial metabolism. It has been reported the biological significance of dietary polyamines. In this study, we report polyamine contents in Korean traditional food 'Babsikhae' and Korean Radish. We are aimed the bioconversion of these polyamines into fermented foods bySo we isolate severalbacteriathese foods by checking the ability to produce polyamine using TLC screening. Results suggest that some isolated bacteria was confirmed as polyamine producer.
1 2 3 4

Rapid Processing of the Low Salt Fermented Anchovy and Its Quality Evaluation
Ho Dong Yoon , Yumi Hong *, So Jeong Lee , Hye Youn Jung , Hye Jin Shim1, Cheng Liang Xie 2, Kilbo Shim 1 1 Food and Safety Division, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, 2 Department of Food Science & Technology, Pusan National University A new processing condition and quality characteristics of low salt fermented anchovy by using Pan salt and some additives were reviewed to come out of the effects of rapid fermentation as well as lowering the salt content in products with satisfying the moderns tastes and preventing some diseases of adults caused by Na intake. Low salt fermented anchovy was prepared with 15, 20, 30% of Pan salt and various content of additives as lactic acid, sorbitol, alcohol extracts of red pepper powder and fermented for 90 days at 20. Low salt fermented anchovy was consisted with 54~60% for moisture, 8.4~16.4% for salinity, 4.2~8.4% for KCl, 1.8~3.6% for MgSO4, 0.5% for lactate, 6% for sorbitol and 4% of alcohol extracts with red pepper. The content of total nitrogen was kept constantlyat 2.3% during fermentation. The amino-N content increased from the early stage at 369.60 mg/100g to the final stage at 1432.67 mg/100g as well as VBN content from 20.16 mg/100g to 202.53 mg/100g. The viable cell counts were almost the same as 2.3X103~2.8X103 at the beginning of fermentation. The ratio of free amino acid tended to increased during storage, while that of polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased slightly. From chemical analysis and sensory evaluation, low salt fermented anchovy using Pan salt showed a good color, flavor and palatability.
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Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PFM-41

PFM-43

Development of Competitive ELISA for Differentiation of West Nile Virus-infected Animals from Vaccinated Animals
Jung-Yong Yeh*, Ji-Hye Lee, Jee Yong Park, Mi-Ae Ahn, Su-Mi Lee, Yun-Sang Cho, In-Soo Cho Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Anyang-ro 175, Anyang-city, Gyeonggi-do, 430-824, Korea West Nile virus (WNV) belongs to the genus Flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae. The use of vaccines interferes with serological screening because conventional serological diagnosis of WNV uses either a virus neutralization assay or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect antibodies against the structural proteins of the virus, and they cannot distinguish between vaccinated and infected animals. A diagnostic method that distinguishes WNV-infected animals from vaccinated animals has not been established, although significant progress has been made in the development of diagnostic methods for the detection of antibodies against WNV non-structural protein 1 (NS1), which can indicate a present or past infection by WNV and/or other flaviviruses. In this study, an in-house competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (NS1-cELISA) utilizing baculovirus-expressed NS1 and monoclonal antibodies against NS1 was established for the detection of antibody responses to NS1 in WNVinfected animals. The assay was validated by the simultaneous detection of early antibody responses to NS1 and the structural envelope protein in animals infected with WNV or inoculated with inactivated WNV. The NS1-cELISA developed here has the potential to be a useful tool for monitoring WNV circulation (i.e., the prevalence of specific antibodies against WNV NS1) by assaying serum samples from regions in which an inactivated vaccine control strategy has been implemented.

Inhibition of West Nile Virus Replication and Apoptosis in Vero Cells by Sulfasalazine
Ji-Hye Lee, Jung-Yong Yeh*, Jee Yong Park, Min-Ae Ahn, Su-Mi Lee, Yun-Sang Cho, In-Soo Cho Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Anyang-ro 175, Anyang-city, Gyeonggi-do, 430-824, Korea In 1999, West Nile virus (WNV) was introduced into the Western hemisphere and is considered an important emerging pathogen. The total number of human cases collectively reported in the United States from 1999 to 2009 was 25,356 with 1,143 fatalities. This expansion of the virus and the possible serious prognosis underscores the need to identify effective antiviral therapies that might assist the immune system in the clearance of the virus and diminishing serious symptoms. Unfortunately, there is no vaccine against WNV infection licensed for humans, and therapy of WNV encephalitis is limited to supportive care as no effective antiviral option has been established. In this report, antiviral activities of 36 compounds commercially available were evaluated in a Vero cell culture assay system using a New York isolate. Comparisons were also made with a 1937 Uganda isolate. Vero cells were infected with WNV at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.01 at 37C in the presence of increasing doses of inhibitor. Compounds were tested in triplicate with an extended dose range (0.012 to 640 M), and a 50% effective concentration (EC50) was determined. In parallel, these compounds were also tested for cell toxicity using neutral red assay to obtain the concentration that is cytotoxic for 50% of cells (CC50). Ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, metronidazole, rifampicin, and trimethoprim had marginal activity with a SI <5; most of them did have effective concentrations over 100 g/ml of EC50. Of these, cycloheximide and sulfasalazine appeared to have the greatest activities showing the highest SI for both WNV isolates (NY385-99 and B956).

PFM-42

PFM-44

Detection of the Pre-membrane Genes of the Japanese Encephalitis Viruses from Mosquitoes Collected in 2010 in Republic of Korea
Min-Ae Ahn, Jung-Yong Yeh*, Ji-Hye Lee, Jee Yong Park, Su-Mi Lee, Yun-Sang Cho, In-Soo Cho Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Anyang-ro 175, Anyang-city, Gyeonggi-do, 430-824, Korea Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a member of the JEV serocomplex within the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae. An estimated 3 billion persons live in countries where the JE virus is endemic, and the annual incidence of the disease is 30,00050,000 cases. Monitoring of JEV infections in mosquitoes by field collection enables the identification of local JEV transmission, viral activity, and molecular epidemiology of JEV throughout the areas surveyed. This study investigated the presence of JEV nucleic acids in mosquitoes, sequencedpre-membrane genes of JEV from mosquitoes in Korea, and compared them with JEV strains representing the other five genotypes. We examined 6,328 mosquitoes collected at 6 locations from June to October 2010 in Republic of Korea (ROK) for the presence of viruses. The mosquitoes were screened for JEV, targeting the pre-membrane gene loci by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The prevalence of JEV in mosquitoes, the most frequently detected species, and their genotypes analyzed by polygenetic relationships will be presented. Continued surveillance of mosquitoes is essential to enable prompt detection of WNV. Also, temperature increases caused by climate change, should be taken into account and vigilant monitoring of emerging arboviruses, in addition to JEV, will be required.

Relationship of Antioxidant Activities and Anthocyanin Contents in the 12 Korean Colored Rice Varieties
Ki Chang Jang*, Sang-Ik Han, Woo Duck Seo, Ji-Eun Ra, Jun Young Kim, You Chun Song, Mi Jin Park, Kyung-Jin Choi, Hang-Won Kang Department of Functional Crop, Functional Crop Resource Development Division, NICS, RDA The aim of this research was to evaluate the total polyphenolic compound and anthocyanin contents from grains of 12 Korean colored rice varieties. Contents were investigated for their relationships with DPPH and ABTS radicals scavenging activities. Three anthocyanins, cyanidin-3-Oglucoside (Cy-3-G), petunidin-3-O-glucoside (Pt-3-G), and peonidin-3-Oglucoside (Pn-3-G), were also characterized by ultra performance liquid chromatography. Among the rice varieties, Heugjinju, Heugseol, and Sintoheugmi (1,338.5894.42, 1173.2775.57, and 1119.4367.07 mg/100g, respectively) exhibited high total phenolic contents compared to the other varieties. The highest anthocyanin content was in Heugjinju [(Cy-3-G):113.630.13, (Pt-3-G): 0.040.01, (Pn-3-G): 8.980.34 mg/100g], whereas no anthocyanins were detected in Hongjinju and Jeogjinju. Furthermore, the highest antioxidant activity was observed in Heugjinju (IC50, DPPH: 246.9411.95, ABTS: 19.961.03 g/mL), whereas Jeogjinjuexhibited the lowest activity. To determine the correlation between total polyphenolic content, anthocyanin content and antioxidant activity, linear regression analysis was carried out. The results show that total polyphenolic content was strongly correlated with an antioxidant activity; the correlation coefficients squared(r2) were 0.8512 (DPPH) and 0.7839 (ABTS). Overall results suggest that total phenolic contents can be a key factor in antioxidant activity of colored rice and Heugjinju, Heugseol, and Sintoheugmi may be very important sources concerning nutritional value.
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PFM-45

PFM-47

Lawsonia Intracellularis Isolated in Korea: Minimal Inhibitory Concentration of Antimicrobial Chemicals Commercially Available
Jeong-Min Hwang , Jung-Yong Yeh *, Jong-Man Kim , Bo-Kyu Kang , 1 1 1 1 Yun-Sang Cho , In-Soo Cho , Ji-Hye Lee , Min-Ae Ahn 1 Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Anyang-ro 175, Anyang-city, Gyeonggi-do, 430-824, Korea, 2 Veterinary Research Center, Green Cross Veterinary Products Co., Ltd., 227-5, Kugal-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-903, Republic of Korea Lawsonia intracellularis is the etiological agent of infectious intestinal hyperplasia for which several clinical diseases have been described including proliferative enteropathy (PE), intestinal adenomatosis, and ileitis. While initially recognized as the causative agent of PE in pigs, L. intracellularis is now viewed as an emerging cause of intestinal hyperplasia in a wide range of mammalian species. In vitro studies of the antimicrobial susceptibility of this obligate intracellular bacterium necessitate complicated cell culture systems, and only a few laboratories in the world perform antimicrobial susceptibility testing because few L. intracellularis strains have been successfully isolated and maintained in culture. This study represents the first published data on antimicrobial susceptibility of Asian isolates of Lawsonia intracellularis. We assessed minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of sixteen antimicrobials for two isolates of L. intracellularis recovered from diseased pigs in South Korea. Tylosin and tilmicosin were found to be the most active against L. intracellularis both intracellularly (MICs, 0.25-0.5 g/ml and 0.125 g/ml, respectively) and extracellularly (MICs, 0.25-0.5 g/ml and 1 g/ml, respectively). The intracellular and extracellular activities of lincomycin, tiamulin, chlortetracycline, spectinomycin, enrofloxacin, and the penicillin class of antimicrobials were two to eight times less effective against the 2010 isolate than against the isolate collected in 2002.
2 1 2 2

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Phenolic Compounds from Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)
Jun Young KIM *, Sang-Ik Han1, Ki Chang Jang , Woo Duck Seo , Ji-Eun 1,2 1,3 1 1 Ra1, Bo Ram Park , Mi Jin Park , Sang-Yeol Kim , Seong-Hwan Oh , Kyung Jin Choi1, Byong Gu Ko 1, Hang- Won Kang 1 1 Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural 2 Development Administration (RDA), Department of Food and Nutrition, Keimyung University, 3Pusan Natl Univ,, Coll Nat Resources & Life Sci Acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) Inhibitor is considered as a promising strategy for the treatment of neurological disorders such as Alzheimers disease, senile dementia, ataxia and myasthenia gravis. The recently, a potential source of AChE inhibitors is provided by plants in nature. We found that the Methanol extracts from the grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) can remarkably inhibit AChE activity. The organic solvent extract of the grain sorghum showed significantly AChE inhibitory activity with IC50 of around 100 mg/ml. The compounds were elucidated as known chlorogenic acid (1), Hesperidin (2), luteolinidin (3), apigeninidin (4), luteolin (5), apigenin (6)by LC-Ms/Ms and NMR system. The IC50 values of compounds 2-4 for AChE activity were determined to be 88.89, 70.14 and 89.91M, respectively. These results suggest that sorghum can be considered to be new functional crops due to their AChE inhibitor and high nutrition
1 1 1

PFM-46

PFM-48

Variation of Natural Colorant Contents in the Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) According to Extraction Conditions
Ki Chang Jang*, Woo Duck Seo, Sang-Ik Han, Ji-Eun Ra, Jun Young Kim, Seong-Hwan Oh, Sang-Yeol Kim, Kyung-Jin Choi, Hang-Won Kang Department of Functional Crop, Functional Crop Resource Development Division, NICS, RDA The representation of color with natural dyes is closely related with the modern well-being life. With the aim to develop a natural colorant for use in cosmetics and food additives from a new source. Sorghum is widely cultivated in the semi-arid torpics and subtropics and is a staple food for the millions of people in Africa and Asia. In this study, we have investigated the applicable extraction method to establish the optimum extraction process. The extraction solvents and extraction time were varied in order to explore the optimum condition. The optimum solvent concentration for the highest natural colorant extraction from sorghumwere 100% methanol in 0.5, 1.0% HCl. The optimum extraction time for the highest natural colorant extraction from sorghum was 24hours. The optimum extraction temperature for the highest natural colorant extraction from sorghum was 50. The natural colorant which it follows in storage temperature analyzed decomposition degree. The results show that the natural colorant was degraded 8%, 16% after 20, 30 days, respectively, at room temperature and light condition. However, the natural colorant was not broken down at cool temperature or dark condition.

Comparative Analysis of Neuraminidase Inhibitory Activity Compounds Contents in the Young Leaves of Variety Length of 10 Barley Varieties
Ki Chang Jang*, Sang-Ik Han, Woo Duck Seo, Ji-Eun Ra, Jun Young Kim, Seong-Hwan Oh, Sang-Yeol Kim, Mi Jin Park, Kyung-Jin Choi, Hang-Won Kang Department of Functional Crop, Functional Crop Resource Development Division, NICS, RDA Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) is a well-known cereal grain, cultivated throughout the world. It is used for livestock feeding, as well as for human consumption. Young barley leaf extract is a good source of natural vitamins and minerals. The objectives of this context were to compare neuraminidase inhibitory activity compounds contents from the young leaves of variety length of 10 barley varieties. The extracts of young green barley leaves were prepared from barley leaves were seeding and harvested in length about 5cm, 10cm, 15cm and 20cm. The harvests were freeze-dried and ground into 100 mesh of powder. And then, 1g of powder was extracted with 20 mL of 80% methanol (shaking overnight, 30). Among the neuraminidase inhibitory activity compounds, saponarin and lutonarin were also characterized by ultra performance liquid chromatography. The results, about 10cm length of young barley leaves were showed the highest neuraminidase inhibitory activity compounds contents (10.2 mg/g). Among the barley varieties, 'Daejin', 'Alchan', 'Keunal' and chalbarley varieties exhibited high neuraminidase inhibitory activity compounds contents in comparison with the other varieties.

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Plenary Lecture

Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PFM-49

PFM-51

Characterization of Phenolic Compounds from the Grain Sorghum Bicolor by UPLC-Ms/Ms and Their Antioxidant Activities
Jun Young KIM *, Sang-Ik Han , Ki Chang Jang , Woo Duck Seo , Ji-Eun 1 1,2 1,3 1 1 Ra , Bo Ram Park , Mi Jin Park , Sang-Yeol Kim , Seong-Hwan Oh , Kyung 1 1 1 Jin Choi , Byong Gu Ko , Hang- Won Kang 1 Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), 2Department of Food and Nutrition, Keimyung 3 University, Pusan Natl Univ,, Coll Nat Resources & Life Sci The main objectives of this study were to investigate phenolic compound and antioxidant activities from Sorghum bicolor L. Moench varieties. The identification of phenolic compounds were identified by UPLC-Ms/Ms of multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, which were characterised as apigenin (1), luteolin (2), luteolinidin (3), apigeninidin (4), Malvidin-3O-glucoside (5). Also, We further investigate antioxidant effects of isolated compounds using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) methods. The DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50) was 21.53.0 ppm and the ABTs radical scavenging activity (IC50) was 15.40.4 ppm in Hwanggeumchal methanol extracts, respectively. Based on our results, antioxidant effects of Sorghum bicolor varieties may be responsible for phenolic and flavonoid contents
1 1 1 1

Phytochemical Study and Antibacterial Activity from the Fruits of Elaeagnus multiflora
Dae-Young Lee , Byeung-Ju Cha , Suh-Ji In , Nam-In Baek , Sung-Hoon 2 1 Kim , Min-Ho Lee * 1 Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials & Processing, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Republic of Korea, 2Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea Elaeagnus multiflora is renowned as a phychemical-rich plant which has been used in traditional Chinese medicine. This species belongs to the family of Elaeagnaceae, the fruits, leaves, and roots of which have been used to treat cough, diarrhea, itching, and foul sores for a long time. The purpose of this study was to investigate the phytochemical contents and biological activities, including antibacterial and antioxidant activity from the fruits of Elaeagnus multiflora. The fruits of Elaeagnus multiflora were extracted with 70% EtOH and the concentrated extracts were successively partitioned using EtOAc, n-BuOH and H2O. From the EtOAc fractions, four compounds were isolated through repeated silica gel, octadecyl silica gel (ODS) and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies. Based on the spectroscopic data from NMR, MS and IR, the chemical structures of the compounds were determined to be -sitosteol (1), -tocopherol (2), 24-methylenecycloartanol (3), oleanolnic acid (4) and, betulinic acid (5). These compounds were isolated from the fruits of Elaeagnus multiflora for the first time. In vitro antibacterial activity of the isolated compound against the food-borne microorganisms was assessed by the presence of inhibition zones and growth inhibition. Compound 2 and 3 showed inhibitory activity on the growth of three bacteria (B. cereus, B. substilis, and S. aureus), completely at the concentration higher than 10 ppm for 72 h, and delayed the growth of bacteria at the concentration of 25 ppm for 60 h.(SRAA)
1 1 1 1

PFM-50

PFM-52

Comparative Analysis of Antioxidant Activity in the Young Leaves of Variety Length of 10 Barley Varieties
Mi Jin Park1,2, Keun Ki Kim 2, Woo Duck Seo1, Sang-Ik Han 1, Ji-Eun Ra 1, 1 1 1 1 Jun Young Kim , Kyung-Jin Choi , Hang-Won Kang , Ki Chang Jang * 1 Department of Functional Crop, Functional Crop Resource Development Division, NICS, RDA, 2Coll Nat Resources & Life Sci., Sch Appl Life Sci., Pusan National Univercity Young barley leaf extracts is a good natural source of antioxidants. The objectives of this context were to compare antioxidant activity of the 80% methanol extracts from the young leaves of variety length of 10 barley varieties. The 80% methanol extracts of young green barley leaves were prepared from barley leaves were seeding and harvested in length about 5cm, 10cm, 15cm and 20cm. The harvests were freeze-dried and ground into 100 mesh of powder. And then, 1g of powder was extracted with 20mL of 80% methanol (shaking overnight, 37). The IC50 values for 1,1-Diphenyl2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical scavenging activities and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid)(ABTS) radical cation scavenging activities in the extractswere measured by spectrophotometer method. Among the variety length of young barley leaves , about 20cm of 80% methanol extracts were showed the high DPPH radical scavenging activities(IC50 of 1088.3~1309.8 mg/mL), and about 15cm of extracts were exhibited the high ABTS radical cation scavenging activities (IC50 of 91.0~166.5 mg/mL), in contrast with the other length of extracts. Also, about 20cm of 80% methanol extracts, 'Dahyang', Saegang' and ' Oweal' barley varieties (IC50of 1026.3, 1156.3 and 1088.3 mg/mL, respectively) were good at DPPH radical scavenging activities, and about 15cm of extracts 'Saegnag', 'Keunal' and 'Geongang' barley varieties (IC50 of 91.0, 111.6 and 111.1 mg/mL, respectively) were showed the high ABTS radical cation scavenging activities.

Neuraminidase Inhibitory Activities by Phenolic Compounds from Sorghum Grains (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)
Ji-Eun Ra*, Sang-Ik Han, Ki Chang Jang, Woo Duck Seo, Jun Young Kim, Seong-Hwan Oh, Sang-Yeol Kim, Kyung-Jin Choi, Hang-Won Kang Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA) Neuraminidase is well known for its a necessary role to release newly proliferated virus in an influenza virus, and also in bacteria, neuraminidase is involved in colony formation. For thisreason, neuraminidase inhibitors may provide a protection against viral and bacterial diseases. In this study, 7 phenolic compounds, 4-hydrobenzoic acid, coumaric acid, ferulic aicd, apigenin, apigeninidin, luteolin and luteolinidin were isolated and identified from Sorghum grains(Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) by using ultra performance liquid chromatography system. These compounds were examined bacterial neuraminidase inhibitory activity. Among these 7 compounds, apigenin, apigeninidin, luteolin and luteolin showed strong neuraminidase inhibition activity. As a result, the lowest value of the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 16.463.52M in luteolin, and other's values were 44.152.02M in apigenin, 29.041.78M in apigeninidin and 39.570.96M in luteolinidin. This study indicates that sorghum grains contained in these 4 compounds can be used a food source for promotion of health and also can be used a feed for livestock to relieve the spread of bacterial diseases.

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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PFM-53

PFM-55

Studies on Natural Pigments Content and Antioxidant Activity of Black Rice and Sorghum Harvested in Four Different Regions
Ji-Eun Ra *, Sang-Ik Han , Ki Chang Jang , Woo Duck Seo , Jun Young Kim , 1,2 1 1 1 Mi Jin Park , Seong-Hwan Oh , Sang-Yeol Kim , Kyung-Jin Choi , Hang-Won Kang 1 1 Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural 2 Development Administration (RDA), Coll Nat Resources & Life Sci, Sch Appl Life Sci, Pusan Natl Univ, Miryang 627-702, Korea These days, the interest in natural pigments has increased in food industry. The reasons are that the well-being trend has spread over the world, so the demand for environment-friendly agricultural products has increased and it is well known that the natural pigments have antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. Using ultra performance liquid chromatography, we analyzed major pigments contained in black rice variety 'Josaengheugchal' and a sorghum variety 'Hwanggeumchal' harvested in 4 different regions, Miryang, Gumi, Uiseong and Bonghwa. The major pigments contained in black rice were Cyanidin-3-glucoside and Peonidin-3-glucoside. In case of sorghum, pigments were Apigeninidin and Luteolinidin. In both crops, the content of major pigments harvested in Bonghwa were highest and Miryang showed the lowest pigments content. Antioxidant activity was examined ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity. As a results, the strongest antioxidant activity was showed in 'Josaengheugchal' harvested in Bonghwa (17.40 ppm). On the other hand, 'Josaengheugchal' harvested in Miryang was showed the weakest antioxidant activity (62.85ppm). According to the difference of major pigment content and the antioxidant activities by region, this result suggested that the temperature difference of those regions during grain filling stage influenced the production of natural pigments in black rice and red sorghum, so it can be built a specialty crop production complex of natural pigments.
1 1 1 1 1

Quantitative Identification of Bioactive Phenolics in Detoxified Rhus verniciflua Stokes and Their Protective Effect on Human Keratinocytes against Oxidative Stress
Chun-Shan Liu , Tae-Gyu Nam , Min-Woo Han , Han Seok Choi , Tae Young Kim 3, Dae-Ok Kim 1* 1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 2 Gyeonggi 446-701, South Korea, Skin Biotechnology Center, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi 443-766, South Korea, 3KHU Fermentation & Food Processing Division, Department of Korean Food Research for Globalization, NAAS, RAD, Suwon, Gyeonggi 441-707, South Korea Solar radiation and cellular oxidation stimulate the production of free radicals in the skin, which can destruct cellular membrane, collagen and DNA. Finding bioactive compounds to protect skin from natural sources is needed. In this study, the phenolics of detoxified Rhus verniciflua Stokes was extracted with water, aqueous methanol (20%, 40%, 60% and 80% (v/v)), and absolute methanol. Phenolic extract obtained by 40% (v/v) aqueous methanol had the highest values of total phenolics, total flavonoids and antioxidant capacity among extracting solvents. The 40% (v/v) aqueous methanol extract not only had protective effects of human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) on oxidative stress induced by H2O2 but also reduced intracellular ROS level in dose-depend manner. Bioactive compounds found from detoxified R. verniciflua Stokes included gallic acid, fustin, fisetin, sulfuretin, butein, 2-(ethoxymethoxy)-3- hydroxyphenol, tetragalloyl glucose and penta-O-galloyl glucoside, which were tentatively identified by LC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS. These results indicate that the phenolics of detoxified R. verniciflua Stokes could protect skin from oxidative stress causing skin aging.(SRAA)
1 1 2 3

PFM-54

PFM-56

Identification of Phenolic Compounds and Concentrations of Nutritional Constituents in Korean Red Rice
Woo Duck Seo *, You-Chun Song , Jun Hyun Cho , Un-Sang Yeo , Ki Chang Jang1, Jun Young Kim1, Sang-Ik Han1, Kyung-Jin Choi1, Ji-Eun Ra1, Sang-Yeol Kim 1, Seong-Hwan Oh 1, Bo-Ram Park 1,2, Hang-Won Kang 1 1 Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, 2Department of Food and Nutrition, Keimyung University The main objectives of this study were to investigate antioxidant activities and phenolic compounds in Korean red rice (Oryza sativa cv. Gunganghongmi) by comparing brown and black rices. The methanol extract of red rice exhibited the strongest antioxidant properties, showing72.4 and 87.2% in DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. This species also showed the highest nitric oxide inhibitory activity and phenolic content. Phenolic compounds of red rice as a potential antioxidant source were identified by open column chromatography, NMR spectroscopy, and UPLC-MS/MS analysis. Six compounds were confirmed as naringenin (1), coumaric acid (2), ferulic acid (3), quercetin (4), syringic acid (5), and taxifolin (6). Additionally, nutritional constituents, including protein, oil, sugar, fatty acid, GABA, and -oryaznol showed no significant differences between colored rices. Based on our results, the identified phenolic compounds may be responsible for the major portion of antioxidant capacities in red rice.
1 1 1 1

New Bacteriostasis Trial against Antibiotics-resistant Helicobacter pylori with Black Rice Extract and Anthocyanin
Woo Duck Seo1*, Sa-Hyun Kim 2, Min Park2, Jong Bae Kim 2, Sang-Ik Han 1, Ki Chang Jang 1, Jun Young Kim 1, Kyung-Jin Choi1, Ji-Eun Ra 1, Sang-Yeol 1 1 1 Kim , Seong-Hwan Oh , Hang-Won Kang 1 Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, 2Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Yonsei University Following Clinical and Laboratory Standards methods, antimicrobial tests were performed to Helicobacter pylori standard strain (ATCC 49503). Black rice extract and anthocyanin were showed bactericidal effects on standard strains in various concentrations respectively. Next, 102 clinical strains (multiple antibiotics resistant strains) from Severance Hospital, Yongin, Korea were tested. Same methods were applied to each tests, and every strains were found to be inhibited their growth with natural substitutes. For the more, Their two dimentional electrophoresis (2DE) profiles directed that they can diminish cytotoxin associated protein A (CagA) and vacuolating toxin A (VacA) respectively. To investigate the unknown bactericidal and bacteriostatic mechanisms of black rice extract and anthocyanin, western blot analysis was performed. Its data was agreed formal 2DE data.

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Plenary Lecture

Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PFM-57

PFM-59

Effect of Monascus Pilosus Mycelial Extract in High Fat Diet-induced Obese Rats
Sun-Young Lee , In-Ae Lee , Sang-Il Lee , Jae-Won Kim , Ye-Kyung Lee , 1 1 Soon-Dong Kim , Joo-Won Suh * 1 Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu Yongin, Gyeonggi-do 449-728, 2Departent of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Arts, Keimyung 3 College, Daegu 704-703, Korea, Faculty of Food Science and Industrial Technology, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan 712-702, Korea The objective of this study was to investigate the dietary effects of Monascus pilosus mycelial extract (MPME) on obesity in high-fat with cholesterol induced obese model (HF) of rats. The rats were randomly divided into 2 groups; normal control and a HF group. HF was fed 5L79 diets with an added 15% lard and 1% cholesterol supplemented diet for 3 weeks for induction of obesity. After induction of obesity was confirmed by checking obesity indexes, the animals were divided into 4 groups (n 5); first, the normal control (NC), and then taken from the obese model of rats, a HF obesity control group, HF supplemented with 0.5% MPME, HF supplemented with 2% conjugated linoleic acid (CLA ) for 7 weeks. As a result, body weight gains, obesity indexes, and body fat contents in the MPME and CLA were decreased compared with HF. Furthermore, serum ALT and AST activity in HF were markedly higher than those of NC group, those of MPME and CLA were significantly lower than those of HF. These results suggested that the anti-obesity effects of the MPME could prevent obesity induced by HF possibly via inhibition of lipid absorption. (SRAA)
1 1 2 3 1

Effect of Electron Beam Irradiation on Development and Reproduction of Frankliniella occidentalis and Plancococcus citri
Sung-Jin Lim , Seon-Ah Hwang , Jae-Taek Lee , Hye-Ran Jeong , 1 1 1 Gyeong-Ae Lee , Won-Tae Shin , Jae-Young Cho * 1 Department of Bio-environmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea, 2Department of Agronomy, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea Fifty adults of Franklinella. occidentalis and Plancococcus citri in insect culture that was placed at 0, 7, 12, and 17 cm position from the top of box for agriculture product export was irradiated with 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 kGy electron beam, and then the lethality, the laying eggs, and the hatchability were examined at 1 and 5 days after irradiation (DAI). Although the survival and the laying eggs of adults of F. occidentalis and P. citri irradiated that was placed 0 and 7 cm position were not affection at 1 and 5 DAI, but the hatching of those eggs were completely inhibited above 0.8 kGy. Also, the larva generated from both adults irradiated with 0.1-0.6 kGy were completely deceased at 7 DAI. However, the lethality, the laying eggs, the hatchability adults of F. occidentalis and P. citri irradiated that were placed at 12 and 17 cm position showed the same results that of 0 kGy. Therefore, if the electron beam is irradiated to agriculture products for the exportation and importation before the packing, it can be substituted for the fumigation in pest quarantine.
1 2 1 1

PFM-58

PFM-60

Anti-pigmentation Effect of Isolated Serotonin Alkaloid from Korean Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa utilis)
Woo Duck Seo *, Sang-Ik Han , Ki Chang Jang , Jun Young Kim , Kyung-Jin Choi1, Ji-Eun Ra1, Sang-Yeol Kim 1, Seong-Hwan Oh 1, Bo-Ram Park 1,2, 1 Hang-Won Kang 1 Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, 2Department of Food and Nutrition, Keimyung University N-p-coumaroyl serotonin (CS), the principal alkaloid of the barnyard millet (Echinochloa utilis), dose dependently inhibited mushroom tyrosinase with an IC50 value of 8.8 M, which is more potent that the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of Kojic acid (IC50 = 14.6 M), a well-known tyrosinase inhibitor. The kinetic analysis of mushroom tyrosinase inhibition identified that CS is a noncompetitive inhibition model. We further found that CS inhibited a-MSH induced melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells, without cytotoxicity at the effective concentrations. The Western blot for expression levels of proteins involved in melanogenesis showed that CS significantly decreased four main tyrosinase related protein in melanin biosynthesis, MITF (Microphthalmia associated transcription factor), tyrosinase, TRP-1 and TRP-2
1 1 1 1

Isolation of Bacillus subtilis BY08 with Antimicrobial Activity against Bacillus cereus and Listeria monocytogenes
Byung-Yong Ahn*, Wei-Jie Wu Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 570-752, Republic of Korea The present study aimed to isolate Bacillus species from traditionally fermented soybean past against Bacillus cereus. Bacillus subtilis BY08 with the most potent antagonistic activity against Bacillus cereus was selected by agar well diffusion assay and identified by DNA sequencing of the gyrB gene. The maximum antimicrobial activity was obtained with the initial pH 7.5 cultured at 30for 36 h. After purified with TLC, its antimicrobial activity spectrum was screened. Results showed that the antimicrobial activity was narrowed to Bacillus cereus and Listeria monocytogenes, while no inhibition effect on soybean-fermenting bacteria species such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. These results indicated that Bacillus subtilis BY08 with selective antimicrobial activity against B. cereus and L. monocytogenes could be used as a biological control species in food industry.

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2011 International Symposium and Annual Meeting of the KSABC

PFM-61

PFM-63

Emulsification Properties of Biosurfactant Produced from Bacillus subtilis JK-1

Ji Yeon Kim* College of General Education, Inje University, 607 Obang-dong, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 621-749, Korea The biosurfactant produced by B. subtilis JK-1 showed the good emulsification activities on soybean oil, and crude oil. Maximum emulsification stability was obtained from hexane (C6). Using crude oil as a substrate, the emulsification activity of the biosurfactant was much greater than those of chemically synthesized surfactants such as Tween 20, and SDS. In addition, the biosurfactant had the best emulsification stability when hexane (C6), and hexadecane (C16) were utilized as a substrates, as compared to Tween 20, Triton X-100, and SDS. Crude oil degradation and the reduction of product peaks were analysed by the gas chromatography. The crude oil in the culture broth was degraded by B. subtilis JK-1 and carbon chain of C1-C29 was completely degraded during the incubation for 96 h.

Chemical Properties and Immuno-stimulating Activities of Polysaccharides from Commercial Soy Sauce
Moon-Su Lee, Hye-Ryung Park, Sun Young Jo, Kwang-Soon Shin* Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Gyeonggido 443-760, Korea. Soy sauce is a condiment produced by fermenting soybeans and is a traditional ingredient in Asian cuisines and now available throughout the world. Recently, soy sauce is considered to be not only a world widecondiment but also a functional ingredient for human health. In this work, we examined the property of polysaccharides existing as the soluble portion and its immuno-stimulating activity. The crude polysaccharides (CSP-0) were isolated from commercial soysauce by ethanol precipitation. The CSP-0 consisted of neutral monosaccharides (61.9%) such as galactose (17.4%), xylose (15%) and mannose (10.5%), and uronic monosaccharides (38.1%). CSP-0 had the stimulating activities of various cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-12 on mice peritoneal macrophage and induced mitogenicity on murine splenocytes. It also showed a potent anti-complementary activity in a dose-dependent manner. C3 activation products were identified by crossed immuno-electrophoresis using anti-human C3 and the anti-complementary activity of CSP-0 under 2+ Ca -free conditions, suggesting that this CSP-0 causes complementary activations via both alternative and classical pathways. From these results, we are forecasting that soy sauce has the novel polysaccharide having immuno-stimulating activities.(SRAA)

PFM-62

PFM-64

Induction of Apoptosis by Ethanol Extract of Mango Peel and Comparative Analysis of the Chemical Constitutes of Mango Peel and Flesh
Hyeonji Kim 1, Rajendra Gyawali2, Thi Trang Mai1, Moonjae Cho4, Jeong Yong 1 1 1 1,2,3 Moon , Ho Bong Hyun , So Young Moon , Somi Kim Cho * 1 Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Ara 1dong, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 2The Research Institute for Subtropical Agriculture and Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Ara 1dong, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 3Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Ara 1dong, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea, 4 Department of Medicine, Medical School, Jeju National University, Ara 1dong, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea Mango peel has well known for its high contents of pheolics and flavonoids with health-promoting properties. Although previous data have revealed anticancer potency of mango peel, the underlying mechanisms of this activity have not been studied in detail. The ethanol extract of mango (EM) peel induced cell death ofhuman cervical carcinoma HeLa cells through apoptosis, as evidenced by the increased cell population in the sub-G1 phase and the appearance of fragmented nuclei. Treatment of the cells with EM peel also caused the down regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression, resulting in the proteolytic activation of caspase-3, 7, 8, and 9 and the degradation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein. The major components of the mango peel were identified by liquid chromatographyelectrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometery (GC-MS). Our results suggest that the EM peel is an excellent source of functional phytochemicals, which may help to prevent cervical cancer and may potentially be a useful agent for treatment of certain malignancies.

Optimal Reaction Conditions and Substrate Specificity for Trehalose Production by Resting Cells of Arthrobacter crystallopoietes N-08
Yi Seul Seo, Seong Yeong Kim, Ho Lee, Kwang-Soon Shin* Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Gyeonggido 443-760, Korea. Recently, we found that Arthrobacter crystallopoietes N-08 isolated from soil directly produces trehalose from maltose by resting cell reaction. In this presentation, the optimal set of conditions and substrate specificity for the trehalose production using resting cells was investigated. Optimum temperature and pH of resting cell reaction were 55 and pH 5.5, respectively, and the reaction was stable for two hours at 55and also stable at the wide pH ranges of 3-8. Various disaccharide substrates with different glycosidic linkages such as maltose, isomaltose, cellobiose, and laminaribiose were converted into trehalose band in TLC. These results indicated a broadsubstrate specificity of this reaction and the possibility that cellobiose could be converted to other trehalose isomers such as a,band b,b-trehalose. Therefore, a product after resting cell reaction with cellobiose was purified by b-glucosidase treatment and Dowex-1(OH) column chromatography and its structure was analyzed. Component sugar and methylation analysis indicated that this fraction was composed of only non-reducing terminal glucopyranoside. MALDI-TOF and ESI-MS/MS analyses suggested that this oligosaccharide comprised non-reducing disaccharide unit with 1,1-glucosidic linkage. When this disaccharide was analyzed by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR, it gave the same signals with -D-glucopyranosyl-(1,1)--D-glucopyranoside. These results suggest that cellobiose can be converted to ,-trehalose by the resting cell of A. crystallopoietes N-08.(SRAA)

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Plenary Lecture

Award Lectures

Invited Lectures

Poster Session

PFM-65

PFM-67

Polyamines and -Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Produced by Isolated Bacteria in Korean Traditional Food (Jeotgal)
Young-Ho Nam , Beam-Soo Kim , Jung-Bok Lee , Sun-Chul Kang , 4 1 Cher-Won Hwang , Gi-Seok Kwon * 1 School of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong, 760-749, Korea., 2Dept. of Optometry, Kundong University, Andong, 760-833, Korea, 3Dept. of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyungsan, 712-714, Korea, 4School of Global Leadership, Handong Global University, Pohang, 791-708, Korea This study was isolated bacteria produced polyamines and -aminobutyric acid (GABA) from Korean traditional fermented Jeotgal. The polyamines including putresicne, spermidine, and sperimne, are biogenic amines which metabolize in fermented foods by Ornithine Decarboxylase, Spermidine synthase and Spermine synthase, respectively. GABA, a non-essential amino acid, is formed by decarboxylation of L-glutamate with the catalysis of glutamate decarboxylase, a pyridoxal 5-phosphate dependent enzyme act as neurotransmitter. We investigated that isolated bacteria, Lactobacillussp. AML-15 was hiyper-produced GABA 9,606 mM/ml in MRS medium containing of 5% MSG. And also the Polyamines (putrescine and spermidine) detection of modified medium was qualitatively evaluated by confirmation of Thin-layer chromatography and HPLC after dansylation of cell broth and cell pellet, respectively. These results suggest that Lactobacillus sp. AML-15 has the potential to be developed as a strain of polyamines and GABA production.[This work was supported by a grant from the Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program (No. PJ008157), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.]
1 1 2 3

Determination of 35 Anabolic Steroids in Health Functional Food by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Soonjae Kweon*, Sooyeul Cho, Jin ho Kim, Insun Hwang, Kyoung moon Han, Hyeonkyeong Woo, Jiwon Kim, Ji Young Choi, Ji hyun Lee, Kwon Yong Eom, Kabryong Chae, Soon young Han Advanced Analysis Team, Toxicological Evaluation and Research Department, National institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 643 Yeonje-ri, Gangoe-myeon, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-951, Korea A method has been developed for determination of 35 anabolic steroids in health functional foods by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC/MS/MS). The method was applied to the quantification of steroids.The health functional food Samples, powder or tablet,were extracted with a mixture of methanol and water (70% MeOH V/V) with using sonicator and further determined by LC/MS/MS under multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. All steroids were separated by analytical column With gradient composition. The limits of detection (LOD) of LC/MS/MS method used For 35 steroids in health functional food ranged from 5 to 10 ng/mL and the limits of Quantification (LOQ) were from 10 to 25 ng/mL. Experiments on spiked samples showed that at addition level of 100ng/mL, the average recoveries of the steroids ranged from 100 to 150% and coefficients of variation from 3.0 to 18.9%, while at Addition level of 250ng/ml, average recoveries of the steroids ranged from 94 to 144% and coefficients of variation from 1.4 to 22.6%. Using this method, We found Materials of dexamethasone, prednisone-21-acetate, cortisone-21acetate in some Products.

PFM-66

Evaluation of Proficiency Testing with Qualitative and Quantitative Microbiologic Analysis

In Sun Hwang*, Kab-Ryong Chae, Sooyeul Cho, Jinho Kim, Hyeonkyeong Woo, Ji-won Kim, Ji Hyun Lee, Kyoungmoon Han, Jinsook Lee, SoRa Lee, Jiyoung Choi, Kwonyong Eom Advanced Analysis Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 643 Yeonje-ri, Gangoe-myeon, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do 363-951, Korea The Korea Food & Drug Administration (KFDA) in Korea is dealing with inspections and accreditation of authorized official laboratory. Until 2009's KFDA had to approve laboratories performing microbiological qualitative analyses in processed food. This research's aim was to develop PT program as microbiological quantitative analysis. We assessed several candidates which can produce testing materials at those criteria; the conformity of international standard about reference materials, the production of customized reference materials for KFDA proficiency test, the providing of assigned values and lower/upper limit under 95% prediction level and etc, and finally a variety of strains were prepared as reference materials. According to Korea's Food Code, we experimented with selected reference materials forassessment analysis of feasibility and verification by API test, biochemical test and culture on selective media. We customized the four kinds of proficiency testing reference materials which were suited to our purpose, the detection of E.coli coliforms (qualitative test), the detection of foodborne pathogens(qualitative test), the counting of aerobic bacteria(quantitative test), and the counting of Staphylococcus aureus(quantitative test).

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235

Author Index

A
Abd Malek, Mastura PBM-83 Abdallah, Hossam M. IL-B4, PBM-109 Abdel-Sattar, Essam IL-B3, PBM-109 Ahmad, Mahtab PES-23 Ahn, Byung Hak PFM-14, PFM-15 Ahn, Byung Yong PFM-60 Ahn, Eun Kyung PBM-137 Ahn, Eun Mi PBM-94, PBM-96, PBM-118, PBM-120 Ahn, Hee Jin PBM-18, PBM-19, PBM-21 Ahn, Hong Il PBC-9, PBC-17, PBC-45 Ahn, Il Pyung PBC-21, PBC-49 Ahn, Joong Hoon PBC-22, PBC-23 PBC-24, PBC-25, PBC-26 Ahn, Junghyun PBM-56 Ahn, Kwang Seok PBM-124 Ahn, Mi Ae PFM-41 Ahn, Min Ae PFM-42, PFM-43, PFM-45 Ahn, Sang Nag PBC-156 Ahn, Soo Mi PBC-143 Ahn, Soon Cheol PBC-135, PBC-137 Ahn, Young Ju PBM-118, PBM-120 Ahn, Young Suk PFM-34 Ahn, Yun Gyong PFM-35 Al-Reza, Sharif M. PBM-136, PES-49, PES-54 Ali, Sarafat PBC-125 Ali, Zahir IL-A6 An, Bong Jeun PBM-141, PBM-142, PBM-143 PBM-144, PFM-16, PFM-17 An, Byung Chull PBC-95 An, Seung Hyun PBC-56 An, So Young PBM-20 AP, Sasikuma PES-45

PBM-93, PBM-94, PBM-95, PBM-96, PBM-97 PBM-98, PBM-99, PBM-100, PBM-101, PBM-102 PBM-103, PBM-104, PBM-105, PBM-106, PBM-107 PBM-147, PFM-51 Baek, So Hyeon PBC-9 Baek, Yoon Su PBM-102, PBM-105 Bai, Hyoung Woo PBC-94, PBC-96, PBM-78 Baik, Moo Yeol PBM-42, PBM-43, PBM-49, PBM-71 Bailey-Serres, Julia PBC-154 Bajpai, Vivek K. PFM-6 Bak, Yesol PBC-119, PBC-134, PBC-136 Bang, Eunjung PFM-32 Bang, Han Yeol PBM-127, PBM-130 Bang, Myun Ho PBC-115, PBM-102, PBM-105, PBM-106, PBM-107 Bang, Seung Woon PBC-142, PBC-154 Bang, Seungwoon PBC-133 Bang, Yumi PBM-51 Bhoo, Seong Hee PBC-123, PBC-127 Bohnert, Hans J. IL-A4, IL-A6 Bong, Min Seon PES-11 Bong, Min seon PES-8 Boo, Kyung Hwan PBC-68, PBC-99, PBC-100 PBC-101, PBC-102, PES-25, PES-26, PES-27 Bressan, Ray A. IL-A4, IL-A6 Bu, Youngmin PBM-50, PBM-51 Byun, Myung Ok PBC-44

C
Cha, Byeung Ju PFM-51 Cha, Jaeho PBM-52, PBM-53, PBM-54 Cha, Jeong Dan PBM-117, PBM-119 Cha, Joon Yung IL-A6 Cha, Won Seup PFM-16, PFM-17, PFM-18, PFM-19 Chae, Jung Woo PFM-17, PFM-18, PFM-19 Chae, Kab Ryong PFM-66 Chae, Kabryong PFM-67 Chae, Songhwa PBC-52 Chai, Han ha PBM-56 Chang, An Cheol IL-A8, PBC-38 Chang, Ancheol PBC-159 Chang, Jie PBC-135, PBC-137 Chang, Scott X. PL Chang, Yoon Je PBM-42 Chang, Yoon Young IL-C6 Chauhan, Anil K. PES-54 Cheng, Jinhua PBM-115 Cheon, Soon Ju PBM-67 Cheong, Jong Joo PBC-109
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B
Back, Ka Yeon PBM-34 Bae, Deok Sung PBM-109 Bae, Gwi Nam PBC-147 Bae, Hyunsu PBM-114 Bae, Jinhyun PBM-50, PBM-51 Bae, Shin Chul PBC-38 Bae, Su Wook PFM-8 Baek, In Youl PBC-74, PFM-21 Baek, Kwang Hyun PBC-15, PBC-16, PBC-125 PBM-40, PFM-5, PFM-6 Baek, Nam In PBC-81, PBC-82, PBC-84 PBC-115, PBM-44, PBM-45, PBM-91, PBM-92

239

Cheong, Kyung Hoon IL-C6 Cheong, Sung Min PBC-32 Chin, Young Won PBM-80, PBM-82 Cho, Ah Ra PBM-43, PBM-49 Cho, Baik Ho PBC-105, PES-28 Cho, Eun Ju PBC-97, PBM-64, PBM-66, PBM-72 PBM-122, PFM-22 Cho, Hye Jin PES-12, PES-13 Cho, Hyeon Ah PBM-111, PFM-24 Cho, Hyeon Kook PFM-22 Cho, Hyun Suk PBC-45 Cho, Hyun jeong PES-33 Cho, Il Young PBM-75 Cho, In Soo PFM-41, PFM-42, PFM-43, PFM-45 Cho, Jae Ho PES-29 Cho, Jae Young PBM-74, PBM-76, PBM-77, PBM-78 PES-39, PES-40, PES-41, PES-42, PES-52 PES-53, PFM-39, PFM-59 Cho, Jaeweon PES-2, PES-3, PES-4, PES-5 Cho, Jin Gyeong PBM-44, PBM-45, PBM-92, PBM-96 PBM-99, PBM-101, PBM-103, PBM-104 PBM-106, PBM-107, PBM-147 Cho, Ju Sik PES-50, PES-51 Cho, Jun Hyun PBM-98, PFM-54 Cho, Jung Il PBC-43, PBC-66 Cho, Jung Keun PBM-81, PFM-27, PFM-28, PFM-29 Cho, Kye Man PBM-64, PFM-22,PFM-23 Cho, Kyoung Shik PBM-16 Cho, Man Ho PBC-123, PBC-127 Cho, Moon Jae PBC-129 Cho, Moon Soo PES-49, PES-54 Cho, Moonjae PBC-141, PFM-62 Cho, Rae Kwang PFM-20 Cho, Somi K. PBC-100, PBC-141 Cho, Somi Kim PBM-38, PFM-62 Cho, Somi kim PBM-124 Cho, Sooyeul PFM-66, PFM-67 Cho, Sueng Mock PBM-97 Cho, Sung Suk PBC-72, PBC-73 Cho, Yong Choel PBC-145 Cho, Yong Kweon PBC-19, PBC-20 Cho, Yong Lark PBC-137 Cho, Young Choel PBC-144, PBC-147 Cho, Young Je PFM-16, PFM-17, PFM-18, PFM-19 Cho, Young Sook PBM-125 Cho, Yun Sang PFM-41, PFM-42, PFM-43, PFM-45 Cho, Yung Choel PBC-146 Cho, jung keun PBM-36 Choi, Bo Sung PBC-77 Choi, Doil PBC-58 Choi, Dong Hee PBC-108, PBC-109 Choi, Eun Hye PBC-51 Choi, Gang Won PES-41, PES-42

Choi, Geun Hyoung PBM-29, PBM-31 Choi, Hae Jong PBC-108, PBC-109 Choi, Han Seok PBM-125, PFM-55 Choi, Hee Jung PBM-52 Choi, Jae Ho PFM-38 Choi, Jaeyoung IL-C9 Choi, Jeong Heui PES-44 Choi, Ji Eun PBC-27, PBC-126 Choi, Ji Hoon PBM-87 Choi, Ji Myung PBM-122 Choi, Ji Yeon PBM-66, PBM-122 Choi, Ji Young PFM-67 Choi, Jin Kyu PES-41, PES-42, PES-52, PES-53 Choi, Jiyoung PFM-66 Choi, Jong Hee PBM-108 Choi, Jun Young PBM-53 Choi, Jung Eun PBM-41, PES-6 Choi, Kyoung Hwa PBM-54 Choi, Kyoung Sook PBC-115, PBC-143, PBM-102 PBM-106, PBM-107 Choi, Kyung PBC-10, PBM-122 Choi, Kyung Jin PFM-44, PFM-46, PFM-47 PFM-48, PFM-49, PFM-50, PFM-52, PFM-53 PFM-54, PFM-56, PFM-58 Choi, Kyung Ju IL-C5 Choi, Man Soo PBC-149, PBM-128 Choi, Myung Sook PBM-147 Choi, Sang Yoon PFM-36 Choi, Seak Won PES-49, PES-54 Choi, Seung Hee IL-A7 Choi, Soon Jung PBM-47, PBM-58 Choi, Sung Mi PBM-119 Choi, Sung Won PBM-43, PBM-49 Choi, Woo Jung PES-1 Choi, Yang Do PBC-103, PBC-106, PBC-109, PBC-120 PBC-133, PBC-140, PBC-142, PBC-154 Choi, Yong Lark PBC-135 Choi, Yoon Young PBM-72 Choi, Young Hun PBM-123 Choi, Young Whan PBC-39 Choi, Yunjung PBC-28 Choi, Yuri PBC-32 Chong, Youhoon PBM-33 Chotipratoom, Suntitham PBM-71 Chun, Bok Hwan PBC-144 Chun, Sung Sook PFM-17, PFM-18, PFM-19 Chung, Byung Yeoup PBC-94, PBC-95, PBC-96, PBC-97 PBM-74, PBM-76, PBM-77, PBM-78 Chung, Dae Kyun PBC-115, PBC-143, PBM-102, PBM-105 Chung, Ha Young PBC-78, PBC-83 Chung, Hae Gon PBM-147 Chung, Hyun PFM-37 Chung, Hyung Wook PES-29

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Chung, In Sig PBC-71 Chung, In Sik PBC-78, PBC-79, PBC-81, PBC-82 PBC-83, PBC-84, PBC-85, PBM-91, PBM-99, PBM-100 Chung, Mi Nam PBC-128 Chung, Nam Hyun PBC-145, PBC-146, PBC-147 Chung, Namhyun PBC-144 Chung, Pil Joong PBC-51, PBC-154 Cui, En Ji PBC-81, PBC-84, PBM-100

H
Ha, Jae Ho PFM-20 Ha, Jungmin PFM-2 Ha, Ki Tae PBM-52, PBM-53, PBM-54 Ha, Sun Hwa PBC-13, PBC-69, PBC-70, PBC-104 PBC-114, PBC-120, PBC-155, PBC-156, PFM-1 Ha, Tae Joung PFM-21 Hahn, Tae Ryong PBC-43, PBC-66, PBC-123, PBC-127 Han, Bong Hee PBC-38 Han, Chang Woo PBM-53, PBM-54 Han, Chung Sub PBM-148 Han, Dae Seok PBM-97 Han, Dongfei PBC-64 Han, Eun Hyang PBC-154 Han, Hyon Sob PBC-87 Han, Jaehong PBC-91, PBM-38, PBM-39 Han, Kyoung moon PFM-67 Han, Kyoungmoon PFM-66 Han, Min Woo PBC-115, PBC-143, PBM-102, PFM-55 Han, Na Ra PBM-65 Han, Sang Ik PFM-44, PFM-46, PFM-47, PFM-48 PFM-49, PFM-50, PFM-52, PFM-53, PFM-54 PFM-56, PFM-58 Han, Sang Kuk PBM-111 Han, Seyoun PBC-44 Han, Song Hee PES-16, PES-17, PES-19 Han, Soon young PFM-67 Hasan, Md. Mohidul PBC-16 Hashimoto, Yohey IL-C11 He, Zuhua IL-A2 Heo, Eun Jung PBM-73 Heo, Jeonghaing IL-B7 Heo, Ji Man PBC-116 Heo, Jong Soo PES-50, PES-51 Heu, Sung Gi PES-46 Hong, Jin Young PBM-41, PES-6 Hong, Jintae PBC-119 Hong, Joon Ki PBC-35, PBC-36, PBC-37, PBC-112 Hong, Jung Woo PBC-49 Hong, Mee Yeon PBC-51 Hong, Moo Ki PES-46 Hong, Moochang PBM-114 Hong, Seong Gil PBC-81 Hong, Seong Su PBM-137 Hong, Su Myeong PBM-29, PBM-31 Hong, Su Young PBM-20 Hong, Sung Hyun PBC-95, PBC-96, PBM-74, PBM-76 Hong, Sung Jun PBC-131 Hong, Yumi PFM-40 Hong, Yun Hee PES-46 Huh, Dam PFM-25, PFM-26
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D
Davis, Seth Jon IL-A3 Dermatas, Dimitris IL-C2 Dhakal, Radhika PFM-5 Di, Doris Y.W. PBM-55 Di, Doris Yoong Wen PES-30, PES-34 Duan, Fangmeng PES-27

E
Eom, Hye Won PFM-7 Eom, Joon Seob PBC-66 Eom, Kwon Yong PFM-67 Eom, Kwonyong PFM-66 Eun, Moon Young PBC-65

F
Fang, Shu Jun PBC-135, PBC-137 Fapyane, Deby PES-32 Fu, Yuan Yuan PBC-84 Fujii, Hajime PBM-72

G
Gardener, Brian B. McSpadden PES-15 Go, Woo Ri PES-36, PES-46 Go, Young Sam PBC-31, PBC-32 Goh, Nam Young PES-52, PES-53 Goo, Bon Sung PBC-155 Gyawali, Rajendra PBM-124, PFM-62

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Huh, Gyu Won PBM-94, PBM-95, PBM-96, PBM-106 Huh, Hyun Hye PBC-130 Huh, Hyun hye PBC-124, PBC-128 Huh, Sun Mi PBC-65 Huh, Tae Lin PBM-130 Hung, Dinh Viet PES-1 Hur, Hor Gil AL-2, PBC-64, PBC-67, PBC-153 PBM-55, PES-30, PES-34, PES-47 Hur, Nam Yoon PBM-43, PBM-49 Hwang, Cher Won PFM-38, PFM-65 Hwang, Doseok PBM-24, PBM-25, PBM-26 PBM-28, PBM-32 Hwang, Eun Young PBM-132, PBM-134, PBM-135 Hwang, Eun young PBM-133 Hwang, Geum Sook PFM-35, PFM-36 Hwang, Geumsook PFM-32, PFM-33 Hwang, Hyun Sik PBC-59 Hwang, Hyunsik PBC-49, PBC-50 Hwang, In Sun PFM-66 Hwang, Ingyu PBC-80 Hwang, Insun PFM-67 Hwang, Jae Sung PBC-143 Hwang, Jae Ung PBC-28 Hwang, Jeong Min PFM-45 Hwang, Ji Hye PBC-155 Hwang, Jinah PBC-42 Hwang, Jo Young PBM-134, PBM-135 Hwang, Ju Young PBM-133 Hwang, Ju young PBM-132 Hwang, Kyung A PFM-12, PFM-13 Hwang, Seon Ah PFM-39, PFM-59, PES-39, PES-40 Hwang, Sun Mi PBC-138, PBC-150 Hwang, Tae Young PBM-128 Hwang-Bo, Jeon PBC-79, PBC-85 Hyu, Woo Young PBC-92 Hyun, Ho Bong PFM-62 Hyun, Jiye PBM-24, PBM-26, PBM-27, PBM-28 PBM-30, PBM-32

J
Jang, Han I PFM-30 Jang, Hwan Hee PFM-12, PFM-13 Jang, Hyun Jun PBC-140 Jang, Ja Yeong PES-9 Jang, Jeonghwan PBM-55, PES-30, PES-34 Jang, Ki Chang PFM-44, PFM-46, PFM-47, PFM-48 PFM-49, PFM-50, PFM-52, PFM-53, PFM-54 PFM-56, PFM-58 Jang, Kyeung Ae PBM-117 Jang, Seon Il PBM-75, PBM-81, PFM-27 PFM-28, PFM-29 Jang, Zi Hey PFM-35 Jeon, Deok Hyeon PBM-124 Jeon, In Hwa PBM-75, PBM-81, PFM-27 PFM-28, PFM-29 Jeon, Jong Seong PBC-43, PBC-66 Jeon, Ju Hyun PBM-12 Jeon, Myeong Gi PBC-74 Jeon, Sang Min PFM-12, PFM-13 Jeon, Won Kyung PBM-73, PBM-79 Jeon, Yun A PBC-156 Jeong, Do Hyeon PBM-42 Jeong, Eun Jung PES-37, PES-38 Jeong, Eun Ye PES-10 Jeong, Eun Yong PBM-7 Jeong, Eun Young PBM-3, PBM-5, PBM-9, PBM-11 PBM-12, PBM-13, PBM-14, PBM-15 Jeong, Han Sol PBM-53 Jeong, Hye Kyoung PBC-143 Jeong, Hye Ran PES-39, PES-40, PFM-39, PFM-59 Jeong, Hyun Ja PBM-65, PBM-68, PBM-69 Jeong, Hyung Jae PBM-112 Jeong, Jae Kap IL-B7 Jeong, Ji Hye PBM-127, PBM-130 Jeong, Jin Cheol PBM-20 Jeong, Jin Il PFM-2 Jeong, Jin Seo PBC-120, PBC-133, PBC-140 Jeong, Jin Woong PFM-9, PFM-10 Jeong, Lak Hoon PBM-107 Jeong, Mi Jeong PBC-38 Jeong, Mi Na PBC-59 Jeong, Min Ho PBC-133, PBC-142 Jeong, Moonsup IL-B6 Jeong, Rak Hun PBM-93, PBM-98, PBM-103, PBM-147 Jeong, Seung Il PFM-28 Jeong, Tae Sook PBM-98 Jeong, Woo Dam PBC-24 Jeong, Ye Sol PBC-155 Jin, Eunjung PBC-151 Jin, Gwi Hae PBC-34

I
Im, Dong Moon PBM-96 Im, Geon Jae PBM-29, PBM-31, PES-35, PES-36 PES-37, PES-38, PES-46 Im, Hyo Gwon PBM-67 Im, Moo Hyeog PES-29 In, Seo Ji PBM-104 In, Suh Ji PFM-51

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Jin, Jin Hye PBC-12 Jin, Mei Ling PBC-39 Jin, Se Eun PBM-69 Jin, Xiaonan PBC-93 Jin, Yong Ik PBM-20 Jo, Bun Sung PFM-16, PFM-17, PFM-18, PFM-19 Jo, Chang Wook PBM-41, PES-6 Jo, Geunhyeong PBM-24, PBM-26, PBM-28, PBM-32 Jo, Hyoung PBM-47, PBM-58 Jo, Sun Young PBM-126, PFM-63 Jo, You Young PBC-98 Joo, Joungsu PBC-108, PBC-109 Joo, Myungsoo PBM-52, PBM-53, PBM-54 Ju, Young Kwang PBC-132 Ju, Yun Ha PBM-84, PBM-86, PBM-87, PBM-88 Jun, Dong Ha PBM-132, PBM-133, PBM-134, PBM-135 Jun, Hee jin PBM-83 Jun, Hye Ji PBM-84, PBM-85, PBM-86, PBM-87 PBM-88, PBM-89, PBM-90 Jun, Ji Hyung IL-A7 Jun, Kyong Mi PBC-52, PBC-54, PBC-56 Jung, Choon Kyun PBC-106 Jung, Goo Bok PES-35 Jung, Harin PBC-120, PBC-122, PBC-133, PBC-154 Jung, Hwa Jin PBC-130 Jung, Hye Jin PBC-144, PBC-145, PBC-146, PBC-147 Jung, Hye Youn PFM-40 Jung, Jeeyoun PFM-33 Jung, Ji Wook PBM-108 Jung, Ji Yun PFM-1 Jung, Jin Hee PBC-31 Jung, Jin Kyo PBC-152 Jung, Junho PES-48 Jung, Kang Yeoun PBC-119 Jung, Mi Hwa PBM-41, PES-6 Jung, Sang Hoon PBM-46, PBM-47, PBM-48, PBM-58 Jung, Su Jin PBC-30 Jung, Won Hee PBM-29, PBM-31 Jung, Won Kyo PBM-57, PBM-59, PBM-62, PBM-61 Jung, Wong Kyo PBM-60 Jung, Woo Jin IL-C5, PBM-145, PBM-146, PFM-11 Jung, Ye Jin PBM-104 Jung, Yeong Sang PES-20 Jung, Youngae PFM-32, PFM-35 Jung, Youngsang PFM-33 Juntawong, Piyada PBC-154

K
KIM, Jae Young PES-57

KIM, Jun Young PFM-47 Kang, Bo Kyu PFM-45 Kang, Duk Jin PBC-150 Kang, Han Chul PBC-6 Kang, Hang Won PFM-47, PFM-49 Kang, Hang Won PFM-44, PFM-46, PFM-48, PFM-50 PFM-52, PFM-53, PFM-54, PFM-56, PFM-58 Kang, Hee Cheol PBM-92, PBM-94, PBM-93, PBM-95 PBM-96, PBM-103 Kang, Hyun Ju PFM-27, PFM-29 Kang, Hyung Won PBM-73 Kang, Jeong Woo PBC-119, PBC-134, PBC-136 Kang, Jihoon PBM-33 Kang, Kui Dong PBM-48 Kang, Kyu Young PBC-60, PBC-61, PBC-62 PBC-63, PBC-124, PES-12, PES-13 Kang, Kyung Yun PBM-141, PBM-142, PBM-143, PBM-144 Kang, Lin Woo PBM-129 Kang, Mi ae PBM-123 Kang, Min Jung PBC-138, PBC-150 Kang, Myung Hwa PBM-90 Kang, Myung Ja PBC-13, PBC-14 Kang, Seo Young PES-2, PES-3, PES-4, PES-5 Kang, Seungtae PBC-102, PES-25 Kang, Suil PES-2, PES-3, PES-4, PES-5, PES-43 Kang, Suk Woo PBM-46 Kang, Sun Ae PFM-16, PFM-17, PFM-18, PFM-19 Kang, Sun Chul PBC-110, PBC-111, PBM-136, PES-49 PES-54, PFM-3, PFM-65 Karlesa, Anggita PES-2, PES-5 Keum, Young Soo PES-31 Khattak, Riaz A. IL-C10 Khiev, Piseth PBM-80 Khim, Jeehyeong IL-C6 Khush, Gurdev S. PBC-43, PBC-66 Ki, Dae Won PBM-139 Kim, Ah Reum PES-50, PES-51 Kim, Beam Soo PFM-65 Kim, Beom Gi PBC-49, PBC-50, PBC-59, PBC-126 Kim, Bo Mi PES-44 Kim, Bo Min PBM-125 Kim, Bong Gyu PBC-22, PBC-23, PBC-24 PBC-25, PBC-26 Kim, Bong Seok PBC-86, PBC-88 Kim, Bum Keun PFM-9, PFM-10 Kim, Byung Woo PBM-17 Kim, Byung Yong PBM-42, PBM-43, PBM-49, PBM-71 Kim, Chang Kwon PBM-121 Kim, Chang Nam PBM-42 Kim, Chi Yeol PBC-43 Kim, Chul Young PBM-63 Kim, Chung Ho PBC-109, PBM-3, PBM-5 Kim, Dae Ik PFM-25, PFM-26
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Kim, Dae Ok PFM-55 Kim, Dae Wook PBM-35 Kim, Dea Wook PBM-128 Kim, Do Hyung PBC-83 Kim, Doman PBC-113 Kim, Dong Gyun PBC-86, PBC-88 Kim, Dong Hee PBM-133, PBM-134, PBM-135, PBM-142 Kim, Dong Hern PBC-104, PFM-1 Kim, Dong Hun PBC-67 Kim, Dong Woon PBM-25, PBM-32 Kim, Dong hee PBM-132 Kim, Dong hern PBC-38 Kim, Dongbum PBC-8, PBM-22 Kim, Donghern IL-A8, PBC-158, PBC-159 Kim, Dool Yi PBC-27, PBC-65, PBC-76, PBC-126 Kim, Eun Jin PBC-119, PFM-36 Kim, Eun Sun IL-B7 Kim, Eun Young PFM-20 Kim, Gap Seon PBM-67 Kim, Ha Na IL-B7 Kim, Hak Ryul PBM-34, PFM-3, PFM-4 Kim, Hea won PBM-83 Kim, Hee Kwon IL-C5 Kim, Heejong PBC-119 Kim, Heon Woong PBM-125 Kim, Ho Kyoung PFM-35 Kim, Hye Jin PBM-36 Kim, Hye Min PBM-122 Kim, Hye Ryun PFM-14, PFM-15 Kim, Hye Soo PBC-33 Kim, Hyeon Jeong PBC-26, PBM-141, PBM-142 PBM-143, PBM-144 Kim, Hyeon Soo PBM-75, PBM-81, PFM-27 PFM-28, PFM-29 Kim, Hyeonji PFM-62 Kim, Hyi Jin PBC-144, PBC-145, PBC-146, PBC-147 Kim, Hyo Jeong PBC-69, PBC-70 Kim, Hyo Jeung PBC-114 Kim, Hyo Jin PBC-47, PBC-48, PBC-57, PFM-1 Kim, HyoenJi PBM-124 Kim, Hyun Bi PBC-43 Kim, Hyun Choel PBC-147 Kim, Hyun Jung PES-14 Kim, Hyun Sam PBM-20 Kim, Hyun Tae PBC-74, PFM-21 Kim, Hyun Uk PBC-28, PBC-29, PBC-30, PBC-31 PBC-32, PBC-71, PBC-75 Kim, Hyun Young PBM-64, PBM-72, PFM-22 Kim, Hyun yeon PBM-23 Kim, Hyung Min PBM-65, PBM-68, PBM-69 Kim, Hyung ill PBC-140 Kim, Hyunmi PBC-49, PBC-50, PBC-59 Kim, Igsun PBM-56

Kim, In Ho PBM-23 Kim, In Jung PBC-116, PBC-117, PBM-113 Kim, In Seom PES-9 Kim, In Seon PES-7, PES-8, PES-10, PES-11, PES-14 Kim, InHye PBC-72 Kim, InSun PBC-4, PBC-5 Kim, Jae Ho PFM-14, PFM-15 Kim, Jae Hoon PES-26 Kim, Jae Hyun PBM-125, PFM-12, PFM-13 Kim, Jae Joon PBC-90 Kim, Jae Kwang PBC-7, PBC-13, PBC-18, PBC-48 PBC-57, PBC-104, PBC-155, PBC-156, PFM-1 Kim, Jae Wha PBM-80, PBM-82 Kim, Jae Won PFM-57 Kim, Jae Young PES-58 Kim, Jahaan PFM-36 Kim, Jang Hoon PBM-112 Kim, Jeong Gu PBM-129 Kim, Jeong Gyu IL-C7 Kim, Jeong Hwan PBM-17 Kim, Jeong Moon PBM-3, PBM-5, PBM-12 Kim, Ji Eun PBC-97, PBM-130 Kim, Ji Hae PBM-148 Kim, Ji Hong PBC-97 Kim, Ji Soo PBM-18, PBM-19, PBM-21 Kim, Ji Yeon PFM-30, PFM-34, PFM-61 Kim, Ji Young PBM-100, PES-35, PES-36, PES-46 Kim, Ji won PFM-66 Kim, Jin A PBC-35, PBC-36, PBC-37, PBC-112 Kim, Jin Cheol PES-15 Kim, Jin Hong PBC-97 Kim, Jin Hyo PBM-29, PBM-31 Kim, Jin Sung PFM-16, PFM-17, PFM-18, PFM-19 Kim, Jin Young PBC-128, PBC-130 Kim, Jin ho PFM-67 Kim, Jin young PBC-124 Kim, Jinho PFM-66 Kim, Jinsup PFM-33 Kim, Jiwon PFM-67 Kim, Jiye PBC-56 Kim, Jiyoung PBC-81 Kim, Jong Bae PFM-56 Kim, Jong Bum PBC-28, PBC-29, PBC-30, PBC-31 PBC-32, PBC-71, PBC-75, PBC-78 Kim, Jong Hwan PES-31 Kim, Jong Man PFM-45 Kim, Jong kee PBC-90 Kim, Joung Sug PBC-52, PBC-56, PBC-58 Kim, Ju Kon PBC-58, PBC-120, PBC-122, PBC-133 PBC-140, PBC-142, PBC-154 Kim, Juae PFM-32 Kim, Jum Ji PBM-148 Kim, Jun Hwan PBC-73

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Kim, Jun Hyeok PBC-89 Kim, Jun Young PBM-118, PBM-120, PFM-44, PFM-46 PFM-48, PFM-49, PFM-50, PFM-52, PFM-53 PFM-54, PFM-56, PFM-58 Kim, Jung Bong PBC-75, PBM-125 Kim, Jung Hee PBC-118, PBC-119, PBC-134, PBC-136 Kim, Jung Im PBM-31 Kim, Jung Sun PBC-35, PBC-36, PBC-37 Kim, Jungok PBC-153 Kim, Kee Pum PBC-72 Kim, Keun Ki PFM-50 Kim, Ki Bong PBM-140 Kim, Kwan kyu PBM-111 Kim, Kwang Soo PBC-75 Kim, Kwon Rae IL-C7 Kim, Kye Hoon PES-36 Kim, Kyu Yeob PBM-69 Kim, Kyun Ha PBM-53, PBM-54 Kim, Kyung A PBM-48 Kim, Kyungja PBC-47 Kim, Man Sub PBC-119, PBC-136 Kim, Mi Eun PBM-61 Kim, Mi Hwa PBM-121 Kim, Mi Kyoung PBM-33 Kim, Mi Ri IL-A6, PBM-108 Kim, Mi sun PBM-23 Kim, Min Chul PBC-74 Kim, Min Gab IL-A5 Kim, Min Gi PBM-3, PBM-4, PBM-5, PBM-8, PBM-10 PBM-12, PBM-14, PBM-15, PBM-16 Kim, Min Jeong PBC-51, PBC-52 Kim, Min Suck IL-C7 Kim, Minkyun PBC-120 Kim, Minyoung PES-25 Kim, Myeong Ki PBC-149 Kim, Peter Chanwoo PBM-23 Kim, Sa Hyun PFM-56 Kim, Sang Gon PBC-60, PBC-61, PBC-63 PBC-62, PBC-124 Kim, Sang Kab PBM-49 Kim, Sang Mi PFM-34 Kim, Sang Suk PBM-123 Kim, Sang Yeol PFM-46, PFM-47, PFM-48, PFM-49 PFM-52, PFM-53, PFM-54, PFM-56, PFM-58 Kim, Se Ho IL-B9 Kim, Se Na PBM-125 Kim, Sei Young PES-2 Kim, Seong Cheol PBC-68, PBC-100 Kim, Seong Heon PES-50, PES-51 Kim, Seong Ho PBM-23 Kim, Seong Woo PBC-116 Kim, Seong Yeong PFM-64 Kim, Seonhwa PES-47

Kim, Seul Ki PBC-90 Kim, Seungwon PES-48 Kim, So Wun PBC-124, PBC-128 Kim, So Young PBM-125 Kim, Soo Ji PBM-41, PES-6 Kim, Soo Jin IL-A8, PBC-158 Kim, Soo Jung PBM-18, PBM-19, PBM-21 Kim, Soo Un PBC-80 Kim, Soo Young PBC-28 Kim, Sook Kyung PBC-53, PBC-55, PBC-121 PBC-138, PBC-150 Kim, Soon Dong PFM-57 Kim, Soon Hee PBC-75 Kim, Su Hyun PBC-105 Kim, Su Jeong PBM-20 Kim, Su Yeon PBM-97, PBM-104, PBM-125 Kim, Suk Weon PBC-117, PBM-113 Kim, Sun Hee PBC-32 Kim, Sun Hwa PBC-105 Kim, Sun Hyung PBC-128 Kim, Sun Ju PBM-93, PFM-31 Kim, Sun Lim PBC-151, PBM-128 Kim, Sun Tae PBC-60, PBC-61, PBC-63, PBC-74 PBC-124, PBC-128, PBC-130 Kim, Sung Chul PES-20, PES-22 Kim, Sung Gun PBC-107 Kim, Sung Hoon PFM-51 Kim, Sungmun PBM-131 Kim, Tae Gon PBC-144, PBC-145, PBC-146, PBC-147 Kim, Tae Hoon PBC-51, PBC-94 Kim, Tae Jong PBM-129 Kim, Tae Lim PBC-127 Kim, Tae Su PBM-84 Kim, Tae Sung IL-C6 Kim, Tae Young PFM-55 Kim, UG PBC-124, PBC-130 Kim, Woe Yeon IL-A6, PBC-35 Kim, Wol Soo PES-28 Kim, Won Il PES-20, PES-35, PES-36, PES-37 PES-38, PES-46 Kim, Won Yong PBC-71 Kim, Wonyong PBC-78 Kim, Woo Jin PBC-86, PBC-87, PBC-88 Kim, Woo Yeon PBC-90 Kim, Yeon Ki PBC-51, PBC-52, PBC-54, PBC-56 PBC-58, PBC-108, PBC-154 Kim, Yeon Kye PBM-111, PFM-24 Kim, Yeon Kyu PBC-149 Kim, Yeon kye PBM-70 Kim, Yeong Jin PES-12, PES-13 Kim, Yeong Tae PBC-114 Kim, Yeongtae PBC-152 Kim, Yong ung PBM-38
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Kim, Yongchul PBC-128 Kim, You Jin PFM-34 Kim, Youn Shic PBC-120, PBC-122, PBC-133 PBC-140, PBC-142, PBC-154 Kim, Young Cheol PBC-105, PES-14, PES-15 PES-16, PES-19 Kim, Young Geun PES-41, PES-42 Kim, Young Hee PBM-41, PES-6 Kim, Young Hoon PBM-109, PBM-110 Kim, Young Hun PBC-33, PBC-34, PBC-39 PFM-7, PFM-8 Kim, Young Kee PBC-148, PBC-157 Kim, Young Mee PBC-129 Kim, Young Mi PBC-69, PBC-70, PBC-104, PBC-114 PBC-155, PBC-156 Kim, Young Min PBC-113, PBM-112 Kim, Young Ok PBC-86, PBC-87, PBC-88 Kim, Young Seon PBC-40 Kim, Young Sick PBM-65 Kim, Young Sook PBM-138, PBM-139, PES-55, PES-56 Kim, Young Suk PFM-37 Kim, Young Sun PBC-152 Kim, YoungCheol PES-17 Kim, YoungMee PBC-141 Kim, Yu Wang IL-A7 Kim, Yul Ho PBC-52, PBC-56, PBC-58, PBC-149 PBC-151, PBC-152, PBM-128 Kim, jin hyo PBM-36 Kimura, Atsuo PBC-113 Ko, Byong Gu PFM-47, PFM-49 Ko, Byoung Seob PBC-40 Ko, Duk Houn PBC-101 Ko, Hyun Ju PBC-54 Ko, Jong Min PBC-74 Ko, Ju In PES-22 Ko, Sanghoon PES-48 Ko, Sung Kwon PBC-115, PBM-102 Ko, Sung kwon PBM-106, PBM-107 Koh, Dongsoo PBM-24, PBM-25, PBM-26 PBM-27, PBM-28, PBM-30, PBM-32 Kong, Hee Jeong PBC-86, PBC-87, PBC-88 Kown, Oran PFM-34 Ku, Bon Soon PES-49, PES-54 Ku, Hyung Keun PBC-121 Ku, Jajung PBC-10, PBM-122 Kubo, Isao PFM-21 Kuk, Min PBC-50 Kukina, T. P. PBM-46 Kwak, Do Yeon PBC-149 Kweon, HaeYong PBC-98 Kweon, Soon Jong PBC-7, PBC-9, PBC-11 PBC-17, PBC-18, PBC-45 Kweon, Soonjae PFM-67

Kwoen, Dae Jun PBM-67 Kwon, Chan Hyeok PES-29 Kwon, Gi Seok PFM-38, PFM-65 Kwon, Hyun Ju PBM-17 Kwon, Hyung Joo PBC-8, PBM-22 Kwon, Jin Wook IL-C8 Kwon, Mee Hyun PFM-3, PFM-4 Kwon, Moonhyuk PBC-80 Kwon, Oh Kyung PBM-29, PBM-31 Kwon, Oran PFM-30 Kwon, Sanghoon PBC-8, PBM-22 Kwon, SoonJae PBC-124, PBC-130 Kwon, Suk Tae AL-1, PBC-72, PBC-73 Kwon, Yong Kook PFM-35 Kwon, Young Up PBC-151, PBM-128 Kwun, Min Jung PBM-53, PBM-54

L
Lam, Phan Thanh PES-4 Lee, A Ram PBM-43 Lee, A Young PFM-37 Lee, Ae Ran PFM-14 Lee, Bo Kyeong PBM-148 Lee, Bong Choon PBC-149 Lee, Bora PBC-82 Lee, Bumkyu PBC-47, PBC-48 Lee, Byoung Moo PBM-129 Lee, Byung Kwon PBM-23 Lee, Chang Hoon PBC-99, PES-26 Lee, Chang Muk PBC-6 Lee, Choon Ki PBM-128 Lee, Choong Heon PES-50, PES-51 Lee, Choong Hwan PBC-118, PBM-129 Lee, Dae Yong PBC-14 Lee, Dae Young PBC-82, PBM-91, PBM-93, PBM-98 PBM-99, PBM-101, PBM-103, PFM-51 Lee, Deok Jaae PBM-75 Lee, Do Gyeong PBM-102, PBM-105 Lee, Dong Geol PBM-92 Lee, Dong Hun PBC-119, PBC-134, PBC-136 Lee, Dong Ryung PBM-115 Lee, Dong Sun PBC-68, PBC-99, PBC-100, PBC-101 PBC-102, PES-25, PES-26, PES-27 Lee, Dong Yeol PES-12, PES-13 Lee, Doo Seog PBM-70, PBM-111, PFM-24 Lee, Doseung PBC-68, PBC-99, PBC-101, PBC-102 PES-25, PES-26 Lee, Eun Ha PBM-46, PBM-48 Lee, Eun Mi PBC-95, PBC-96, PBM-74, PBM-76

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Lee, Eun Sil PBM-141, PBM-142, PBM-143, PBM-144 Lee, Eun Yong PBC-75, PES-36 Lee, Eun Young PBC-71 Lee, Eunkyoung PES-4 Lee, Eunkyung PES-2, PES-3, PES-5 Lee, Gang Seob PBC-158 Lee, Gang Sub PBC-65 Lee, Gi Dong PBM-67 Lee, Gyeong Ae PES-39, PES-40, PFM-39, PFM-59 Lee, Hae Song PBM-66 Lee, Haeng Eun PBM-119 Lee, Hag Sun PBC-75 Lee, Hak Sun PBC-71 Lee, Han Yong PBC-103, PBC-106 Lee, Hee Ju PBM-63 Lee, Heui Sa, PBC-98 Lee, Ho PFM-64 Lee, Hoi Seon PBM-3, PBM-4, PBM-5, PBM-6 PBM-7, PBM-8, PBM-9, PBM-10, PBM-11 PBM-12, PBM-13, PBM-14, PBM-15, PBM-16 Lee, Hojoung PBC-89, PBC-92, PBC-93 Lee, Hye jin PBC-69, PBC-70 Lee, Hyeong Kyu PBM-80, PBM-82 Lee, Hyo Jung PFM-30 Lee, Hyo Yeon PES-25 Lee, HyoYeon PES-27 Lee, Hyun Ho PBC-78 Lee, Hyun Sun PBM-126 Lee, Il Hwan IL-A7 Lee, In Ae PBM-115, PBM-129, PFM-57 Lee, In Chul PBC-94, PBM-74, PBM-76 Lee, In Kyoung PBM-138, PBM-139, PES-55, PES-56 Lee, In Sun PBM-73, PBM-79 Lee, Jae Ho PBM-108 Lee, Jae Kwon PBM-109, PBM-110 Lee, Jae Kyung PBM-42 Lee, Jae Ran PBM-18, PBM-19, PBM-21 Lee, Jae Taek PBM-77, PBM-78, PES-39, PES-40 PFM-39, PFM-59 Lee, Jae Woong PBM-44, PBM-45, PBM-91 PBM-101, PBM-104 Lee, Jang Yong PBC-11, PBC-12, PBC-13, PBC-14 Lee, Jeong Min PBM-66, PES-6 Lee, Jeung Min PBM-41 Lee, Ji Hae PBM-83 Lee, Ji Ho PES-35, PES-37, PES-38, PES-46 Lee, Ji Hye PBM-37, PFM-41, PFM-42, PFM-43, PFM-45 Lee, Ji Hyun PES-27, PFM-66 Lee, Ji Won PBM-29, PBM-31 Lee, Ji hyun PFM-67 Lee, Jin Hee PES-16, PES-19 Lee, Jin Hyoung PBC-7, PBC-9, PBC-17, PBC-45 Lee, Jin Soo PES-22

Lee, Jin Tae PBM-67 Lee, Jin Young PBM-84, PBM-85, PBM-86, PBM-87 PBM-88, PBM-89, PBM-90, PBM-141, PBM-142 PBM-143, PBM-144, PFM-12, PFM-13 Lee, Jinsook PFM-66 Lee, Jinwoo PBC-46 Lee, Jong Hee PBC-149 Lee, Jong Ryeol PBC-104 Lee, Jong Yeol PBC-69, PBC-70, PBC-114 PBC-155, PBC-156 Lee, Joo Young PBM-46, PBM-109 Lee, Joon Seol PBC-128 Lee, Ju Hee PES-18 Lee, Jueun PFM-32 Lee, Jun Sik PBM-61 Lee, Jun Yub PBM-127, PBM-130 Lee, Jung A PBM-137 Lee, Jung Bok PFM-65 Lee, Jung Hye PBC-69, PBC-70 Lee, Jung Sook PBC-59 Lee, Kang Hyun PBC-142 Lee, Kang Keun PBC-73 Lee, Keun Pyo IL-A8, PBC-159 Lee, Ki Jong PBC-12, PBC-13, PBC-14 Lee, Ki Won IL-B2 Lee, Kijong PBC-11 Lee, Kwang Gill PBC-98 Lee, Kwang Seung PES-1 Lee, Kye Han PES-1 Lee, Kyeong Ryeol PBC-29, PBC-30, PBC-31, PBC-32 Lee, Kyeyoon PBC-50, PBC-59 Lee, Kyung Ryeol PBC-71, PBC-75 Lee, Kyung Tae PBM-147 Lee, Kyung Tea PBM-20 Lee, Mi Young PBM-148 Lee, Mi sun PBC-11 Lee, Min Hee PBC-94, PBC-97 Lee, Min Ho PFM-51 Lee, Min Young PBM-47, PBM-58 Lee, Moon Hee PBM-70, PBM-111 Lee, Moon Su PFM-63 Lee, Myeong Seok PBM-138 Lee, Myung Hui PBC-4 Lee, Nam Ho PBM-123 Lee, Sa eun PBM-131 Lee, Sang Chul PBM-128 Lee, Sang Hyun PBM-3, PBM-5, PBM-12 PES-28, PES-57, PES-58 Lee, Sang Il PFM-57 Lee, Sang Joon PBC-33, PBC-34, PBC-39, PFM-7, PFM-8 Lee, Sang Jun PBC-86, PBC-87, PBC-88 Lee, Sang Ki PFM-2 Lee, Sang Pil PES-20
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Lee, Sang Soo IL-C3, PES-23, PES-24 Lee, Sang Yeol IL-A6 Lee, Sanghyun PBM-64, PBM-66, PBM-122 Lee, Se Woen PES-11 Lee, Seong Hun PBM-113 Lee, Seong Kon PBC-38 Lee, Seung A PBM-67 Lee, Seung Bok PBC-147 Lee, Seung Bum PBC-38 Lee, Seung Hwan PBC-41, PES-15, PES-16 Lee, Seung Jae PBC-147 Lee, Seung Je PES-16 Lee, Seung Sik PBC-95, PBC-96, PBM-74 PBM-76, PBM-77 Lee, Seung Woong PBM-121 Lee, Si Myung PBC-7, PBC-48, PBC-57, PFM-1 Lee, Si Woo PES-11 Lee, So Jeong PFM-40 Lee, So Young PBC-12 Lee, SoRa PFM-66 Lee, Soo In PBC-36, PBC-37, PBC-112 Lee, Soo Jae PBC-121 Lee, Soo Yeon PBM-84, PBM-85, PBM-86, PBM-87 PBM-88, PBM-89, PBM-90 Lee, Su Hoon PBC-102 Lee, Su Ji PBC-128, PBC-130 Lee, Su Mi PFM-41, PFM-42, PFM-43 Lee, Sun Yi PBM-123 Lee, Sun Young PFM-57 Lee, Sung Chul PBC-49 Lee, Sung Dae PBM-26, PBM-27 Lee, Sung Joon PBM-83 Lee, Sung Kwon PBC-132, PBC-139 Lee, Sung Pyo PBM-84 Lee, Sungyun PES-5 Lee, Tae Ho PBC-51 Lee, Tea Ho PBC-56 Lee, Woo Joo PBC-25 Lee, Woo Song PBC-113, PBM-112 Lee, Ye Kyung PFM-57 Lee, Yeon Hee PBC-35, PBC-36, PBC-37, PBC-71 PBC-112, PBC-155 Lee, Yeong Hoon PBC-74 Lee, Yong Jig PBM-23 Lee, Yong Seok PBC-135, PBC-137 Lee, Youn Hab PBC-108, PBC-109 Lee, Youn Hyung PBM-44, PBM-45, PBM-99 PBM-100, PBM-101 Lee, Young Han PBM-24, PBM-27, PBM-28, PBM-30 Lee, Young Min PFM-12, PFM-13 Lee, Younghee PBC-8, PBM-22 Lee, Youngsook PBC-28 Lee, Yu Jeong PBM-95

Lee, Yu Young PBC-149, PBC-151, PBM-128 Lee, Yun Ha PBC-131 Lee, Yuree PBC-28 Li, Qing X. PES-31 Lim, Ae Kyoung PFM-25, PFM-26 Lim, Chi Won PBM-111 Lim, Dajeong PBC-41, PBM-56 Lim, Hee Kyoung PBC-141 Lim, Heejin PBC-42 Lim, Jeong Ho PFM-9, PFM-10 Lim, Jihye PBC-42 Lim, Jinkyu PBC-46 Lim, Jung Eun PES-24 Lim, Myung Ho PBC-9, PBC-17, PBC-18, PBC-45 Lim, Pyung Ok IL-A7, PBC-68, PBC-99, PBC-100, PES-27 Lim, Sang Sun PES-1 Lim, Seong Mook PES-36, PES-46 Lim, Soon Sung PBM-47, PBM-58 Lim, Sun Hyung PBC-69, PBC-70, PBC-104, PBC-114 PBC-155, PBC-156, PFM-1 Lim, Sung Jin PES-39, PES-40, PES-41, PES-42 PFM-39, PFM-59 Lim, Yoongho PBC-119, PBM-24, PBM-25, PBM-26 PBM-27, PBM-28, PBM-30, PBM-32 Liu, Chun Shan PFM-55 Liu, Kwang Hyeon PBM-2 Lyu, Yeoung Su PBM-73

M
MacIntosh, Gustavo PBC-2, PBC-3 Maeda, Takahiro PBM-72 Mahong, Bancha PBC-66 Mai, Thi Trang PFM-62 Mai, Trang Thi PBM-124 Min, In Soon PBM-18, PBM-19 Min, Kwang Hyun PES-28 Min, Seung Sik PFM-2 Mo, SangJoon PBC-132, PBC-139, PBM-115, PBM-116 Mok, Ji Ye PBM-81, PFM-27, PFM-28, PFM-29 Mok, So Youn PBM-64 Moon, Deok Hyun IL-C6 Moon, Ho sung PBM-70, PBM-111 Moon, Hyung In IL-B1 Moon, Jeong Yong PBM-124, PFM-62 Moon, Jung Kyung PBC-152 Moon, Min Sun PFM-30 Moon, Phil Dong PBM-65, PBM-69 Moon, Seok Jun PBC-44 Moon, So Young PFM-62

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Moon, Sung Woo PES-22 Moon, Yu Ran PBC-94 Mun, Bong Gyu PBC-60, PBC-61 Mun, Ju Mi PFM-30

N
Na, Jong Kuk PBC-76, PBC-126 Nachman, Ronald J. IL-B5 Nahm, Baek Hie PBC-51, PBC-52, PBC-54 PBC-56, PBC-108 Nahm, Baek hie PBC-58 Nam, Bo Hye PBC-86, PBC-87, PBC-88 Nam, Hong Gil IL-A7 Nam, Jung Hwan PBM-20 Nam, Soo Wan PBM-17 Nam, Sun Young PBM-65 Nam, SungHee PBC-98 Nam, Tae Gyu PFM-55 Nam, Young Ho PFM-65 Nguyen, Dang Minh Chanh PBM-145, PBM-146, PFM-11 Nguyen, Minh Hong Thi PBM-57 Nguyen, Phuong Hong PBM-59 Nguyen, Quyen Van PES-26 Nguyen, Van Tinh PBM-60 Nho, Chu Won PBM-48 Nihei, Ken ichi PFM-21 Noh, Jungeun PFM-25, PFM-26

Oh, Sei Ryang PBM-53, PBM-80, PBM-82 Oh, Seong Hwan PFM-46, PFM-47, PFM-48, PFM-49 PFM-52, PFM-53, PFM-54, PFM-56, PFM-58 Oh, Su Jin PBC-143 Oh, Sung Dug PBC-11, PBC-12, PBC-13, PBC-14 Oh, Young Ju PBC-12 Oh, Young Sim PBC-143 Ok, Yong Sik IL-C3, IL-C6, PES-23, PES-24

P
Pahk, Yoon Mok PBC-51 Pan, Cheol Ho PBM-46, PBM-63, PBM-109 Pardo, Jose M. IL-A6 Park, Ah Jeong PFM-8 Park, Bo Ram PFM-47, PFM-49, PFM-54, PFM-58 Park, Byoung Kwon PBC-8, PBM-22 Park, Dae Hwan PBM-23 Park, Dong Ki PBC-118, PBM-25 Park, Dong Sik PFM-12, PFM-13 Park, Geun Hye PBM-141, PBM-142, PBM-143, PBM-144 Park, Geuntae PBC-33, PBC-34, PBC-39, PFM-7 Park, Gi jun PES-33 Park, Gil Sun PBM-148 Park, Gun Seok PBC-131 Park, Hae Joon IL-B8 Park, Hee Jhun PBM-20 Park, Hee Jin IL-A6 Park, Hee Jung PBM-106, PBM-107 Park, Hee Yeon PBM-111 Park, Hong Ju PBM-125 Park, Hyang Mi PBC-52, PBC-56, PBC-58, PBC-149 PBC-151, PBC-152, PBM-128 Park, Hye Jeong PBM-18, PBM-19, PBM-21 Park, Hye Jin PBM-25, PFM-16, PFM-17, PFM-18, PFM-19 Park, Hye Lin PBC-123 Park, Hye Ryung PBM-126, PFM-63 Park, Hyeong Cheol IL-A6 Park, Hyesun PBC-41 Park, Hyunsu PBM-54 Park, In Hye PBC-135, PBC-137 Park, Jae Sung PBM-118, PBM-120 Park, Jae Woo PBM-51 Park, Jee Yong PFM-41, PFM-42, PFM-43 Park, Jeong Sik IL-C7 Park, Ji Hae PBM-44, PBM-45, PBM-91, PBM-94 PBM-95, PBM-97, PBM-99, PBM-101 PBM-106, PBM-147 Park, Ji Min PBM-81, PFM-27, PFM-28, PFM-29 Park, Ji Young PBM-112
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O
Oh, Oh, Oh, Oh, Oh, Oh, Oh, Oh, Oh, Oh, Oh, Oh, Oh, Oh, Oh, Oh, Chang Hwan PBC-115, PBM-102, PBM-106, PBM-107 Deok Kun PBC-134 Han Saem PBM-108 Hyun A PBM-69 Hyun Mee PBM-121 Je Hoon PES-18 Joa Sub PBM-137 Joo Yeon PBM-25 Kyeong Hwa PBC-53, PBC-121 Min Seok PBM-9 Sa Rang PBM-108 Sang A PES-19 Sang Keun PBC-58 Se Gyu PBM-87 Se Jun PBC-133, PBC-140 Se jin PES-22

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Park, Jong Dae IL-C5 Park, Jong Hwa PBC-78, PBC-79, PBC-81, PBC-82 PBC-83, PBC-84, PBC-85 Park, Jong Hwan PES-50, PES-51 Park, Jong Hyouk PES-43, PES-44 Park, Jong Sug PBC-11, PBC-12, PBC-13 PBC-14, PBC-75 Park, Joo Hoon PBM-85, PBM-86, PBM-90 Park, Joon Seong PES-44 Park, Ju Yeon PES-17, PES-19 Park, Jun Kyung PES-15 Park, Jung eun PES-33 Park, Kee Jai PFM-9, PFM-10 Park, Ki Hun PBM-37 Park, Kwan kyu PBM-23 Park, Kwang Woo PBC-10, PBM-122 Park, Kyung Jin PBM-123 Park, Mi Hee PBM-94 Park, Mi Jin PFM-44, PFM-47, PFM-48, PFM-49 PFM-50, PFM-53 Park, Mi Young PFM-12, PFM-13 Park, Min PFM-56 Park, Min Chul PBM-22 Park, Min Ho PES-12, PES-13 Park, Min Soo IL-C5 Park, Mirim PBM-56 Park, Nam Gyu PBM-70 Park, Sait Byul PBM-129 Park, Sang Ryoul PBC-55, PBC-121 Park, Sang uk PBM-23 Park, Sanggyu PBC-1, PBC-2, PBC-3 PBC-4, PBC-5, PBC-141 Park, Se Hoon PBM-127, PBM-130 Park, SePill PBC-101 Park, Seong Soon PFM-9, PFM-10 Park, Seong Wan PBC-157 Park, Seonmin PBC-46 Park, Seung Kook IL-B7 Park, Soo Jin PBC-157 Park, Soo Yun PBC-7, PFM-1 Park, Soojin PBM-114 Park, Su Hyun PBC-133, PBC-142, PBC-140, PBC-154 Park, Su Jin PBM-112 Park, Su Jung IL-A6 Park, Suhyoung PFM-31 Park, Suk Man PBM-123 Park, Sun Hee PES-29 Park, Sun Young PBC-33, PBC-34, PBC-39, PFM-3 PFM-4, PFM-7, PFM-8 Park, Sung Hae PFM-8 Park, Sunhwa PES-47 Park, Sunmin IL-C4 Park, Tae Soon PBM-132, PBM-133, PBM-134, PBM-135

Park, Yeon Ki PBM-29, PBM-31 Park, Yong Hwan PBC-9, PBC-45 Park, Young Eun PBM-20 Park, Young Hwan PES-21 Park, Young Sig PES-48 Park, Yun Sun PBC-119, PBC-136 Park, ki hun PBM-36 Paul, Souren PBC-110, PBC-111 Paul, Yang PES-2 Perez-Hormaeche, Javier IL-A6 Phong, Nguyen Tan PES-3, PES-4, PES-43 Phuong, Do Thi Thuy PES-3 Popov, S. A. PBM-46 Ppyun, Hye Woo PBC-72 Prasertwasu, Sirirat PBM-39

Q
Qian, Zhong Ji PBM-57, PBM-59, PBM-60 PBM-61, PBM-62 Qiang, Zhang IL-A6 Qin, Yang PBC-9, PBC-17, PBC-45 Quintero, Francisco Javier IL-A6 Quoc Tuan, Pham PBC-54

R
Ra, Ji Eun PFM-44, PFM-46, PFM-47, PFM-48 PFM-49, PFM-50, PFM-52, PFM-53 PFM-54, PFM-56, PFM-58 Reddy, Muppala IL-A6 Rho, Mun Chual PBM-121 Rho, Yeong Deok PBM-98, PBM-103 Rho, Yong Taek PBC-107 Riu, Key Zung PBC-68, PBC-99, PBC-100 PBC-101, PBC-102, PES-25, PES-26, PES-27 Roh, Changhyun PBM-1 Roh, Kyung Hee PBC-31, PBC-32, PBC-71, PBC-75 Ryu, Dohyun PFM-32 Ryu, Eun Yeon PBC-33, PBC-34, PBC-39, PFM-7, PFM-8 Ryu, Hyung Won PBM-37 Ryu, Jeong Pil PES-28 Ryu, Ji Young PBC-64 Ryu, Tae Hoon PBC-12, PBC-13, PBC-14 Ryu, Young Bae PBC-113, PBM-35, PBM-112 Ryuk, Jin Ah PBC-40

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Seo, Bo Yoon PBC-152 Seo, Dong Cheol PES-50, PES-51 Seo, Dong Jun PBM-145, PBM-146, PFM-11 Seo, Gang Jin PBC-73 Seo, Gyeong Hwa PBM-95 Seo, Ji Ae PES-49, PES-54 Seo, Jieun PBC-42 Seo, Jong Su PES-31 Seo, Jun Sung PBC-103 Seo, Jung Kil PBM-70 Seo, Kyeong Hwa PBM-91, PBM-93, PBM-103, PBM-107 Seo, Mi Hye PBC-126 Seo, Sang Gyu PBC-128 Seo, Weon Taek PFM-23 Seo, Woo Duck PBM-98, PBM-103, PFM-44 PFM-46, PFM-47, PFM-48, PFM-49, PFM-50 PFM-52, PFM-53, PFM-54, PFM-56, PFM-58 Seo, Yi Seul PFM-64 Seo, Youn Won IL-C5 Seo, jungju PFM-36 Seok, Soon Ja PBM-139 Seong, Hwan Hoo PBC-41, PBM-56 Seong, Zuh Kyung PBM-82 Sharma, Ajay PBM-40 Shigeoka, Shigeru IL-A1 Shim, Bo Ram PBM-132, PBM-133, PBM-134, PBM-135 Shim, Hye Jin PFM-40 Shim, Jae Han PES-43, PES-44 Shim, Jae Suk PFM-29 Shim, Jae Sung PBC-106 Shim, Jeong Su PBM-23 Shim, Kilbo PFM-40 Shin, Bok Kyu PBC-91 Shin, Dong Bum PBC-149 Shin, Dong Ho PBC-123 Shin, Dong Wook PBC-130 Shin, Dongjin PBC-44 Shin, Eunju PBC-42 Shin, Gil Ho IL-C5 Shin, Gilok IL-A6 Shin, Hwa Jeong PBM-18, PBM-19, PBM-21 Shin, Hyun A PBC-29 Shin, Jae Ho PBC-131 Shin, Jeong Sheop PBC-71 Shin, Jin Ho PBC-131 Shin, Kong Sik PBC-9, PBC-17, PBC-18, PBC-45 Shin, Kwang Soon PBM-126, PFM-63, PFM-64 Shin, Minkyu PBM-114 Shin, Pilsun PBC-10 Shin, Soon Young PBM-24, PBM-27, PBM-28, PBM-30

Shin, Won Tae PES-39, PES-40, PFM-39, PFM-59 Shon, Dong Hwa PBC-71, PBC-78 Shpatov, A. V. PBM-46 Shresta, Sabina PBM-147 Shrestha, Sabina PBM-97, PBM-98, PBM-99, PBM-101 Sin, Seung Mi PBM-64, PBM-122 Sohn, Hye Ran PBM-34 Sohn, Seong Han PBC-104 Sohn, Soo In PBC-11, PBC-12, PBC-13, PBC-14, PBC-18 Son, Byeong cheol PES-33 Son, Hyeng Sik PBC-33 Son, Jae Gwon PES-41, PES-42, PES-52, PES-53 Son, Jeoung Mae PFM-15 Son, Jun Ho PBM-132, PBM-133, PBM-134, PBM-135 Son, Tae Ho PES-52, PES-53 Son, Young bae PES-33 Son, Young jin PBC-80 Song, Ha Yun PBM-6 Song, Ja Gyeong PES-55 Song, Jae Sung PBM-80 Song, Kyung Sik PBM-127, PBM-130 Song, Mi Hee PBC-155 Song, Min Young PBC-66 Song, Na Young PBC-84, PBM-92, PBM-96 PBM-104, PBM-106 Song, Na young PBM-103 Song, Sang Ik PBC-108, PBC-109, PBC-140 Song, Seung Yeob PBC-117, PBM-113 Song, Yeon Jung IL-B7 Song, Yeon Woo PBM-124 Song, Yong Su PBM-145, PBM-146, PFM-11 Song, You Chun PBM-98, PFM-44, PFM-54 Suh, Eun Jung PBC-38 Suh, Joo Won PBC-132, PBC-139, PBM-3 PBM-5, PBM-115, PBM-116 PBM-129, PES-45, PFM-57 Suh, Mi Chung PBC-31, PBC-32 Suh, Seok Cheol PBC-7, PBC-9, PBC-13, PBC-14 PBC-17, PBC-18, PBC-45, PBC-47 PBC-48, PBC-57, PFM-1 Suh, Seok Choel PBC-11, PBC-12 Suh, Yae Seul PBM-55, PES-30, PES-34 Sun, Hyeon Jin PES-27 Sung, Jung Min PFM-9, PFM-10 Sung, Su Hyun PBC-23 Sung, Woo Jung PBM-23

T
Thi Minh Thu, Pham PBC-52
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Thiele-Bruhn, Sren IL-C1 Thornburg, Robert PBC-1, PBC-2, PBC-3 Tran, Le Thi Hong PES-2, PES-3, PES-4, PES-5

U
Ullah, Ihsan PBC-131 Um, Byung Hun PBM-46 Um, Tae Young PBC-103, PBC-106 Unno, Tatsuya PES-30

V
Van Nguyen, Quyen PES-27 Vichitphan, Kanit PBM-38 Vo, Thuy Thi Bich PBC-66

X
Xie, Cheng Liang PFM-40 Xu, Houjuan PBC-15

Y
YI, Yong Sub PES-57 Yadav, Anil K. PES-49 Yae, Byeong Woo PBC-38 Yang, Chang Hee PBC-129 Yang, Deok Chun PBM-104 Yang, Eun Ju PBM-127, PBM-130 Yang, Hyo Jin PBC-53, PBC-55, PBC-121 Yang, In chul PBC-150 Yang, Inchul PBC-53, PBC-55, PBC-138 Yang, Jae E PES-35 Yang, Jae E. PES-20, PES-22 Yang, Ji Yeon PBM-7, PBM-8 Yang, Kiwoung PBC-74 Yang, Kwang Yeol PBC-105, PES-28

Yang, Seung Hee PBC-147 Yang, Seung Hwan PES-45 Yang, Seung Koo IL-C5 Yang, Si Young PES-9, PES-14 Yang, Si young PES-7 Yang, SoYoung PBC-98 Yang, Xiao Nan PBM-136 Yang, You Ri PES-10, PES-11 Yee, Na ri PBC-58 Yeh, Jung Yong PFM-41, PFM-42, PFM-43, PFM-45 Yeo, Un Sang PFM-54 Yeom, Ji Hee PES-56 Yeon, Bo ram PBM-131 Yeu, Song Yeon PBC-103 Yi, Nari PBC-140, PBC-142 Yi, Yong Sub PES-58 Yokozawa, Takako PBM-72 Yong, Hye Im PBM-97 Yong, Yeonjoong PBM-30 Yoo, Hee Beom PBM-148 Yoo, Ji Hyock PES-35, PES-36, PES-46 Yoo, Ki Hyun PBC-79, PBC-81, PBC-82 PBC-84, PBC-85, PBM-91, PBM-99 Yoo, Sang Dong PBC-49 Yoo, Sang Ho PBM-76 Yoo, Seung Jin PBC-105 Yoon, Do Young PBC-118, PBC-119, PBC-134, PBC-136 Yoon, Ho Dong PBM-70, PBM-111, PFM-40 Yoon, In Sun PBC-49, PBC-65, PBC-126 Yoon, Jeong A PBC-22 Yoon, Ji Young PBM-84, PBM-85, PBM-86 PBM-87, PBM-88, PBM-89, PBM-90 Yoon, Na Young PBM-70, PBM-111, PFM-24 Yoon, Sang Hong PBC-6 Yoon, Seonyoung PBC-68, PBC-99, PBC-100 Yoon, Sung Ran PFM-25, PFM-26 Yoon, Young Bae PBC-148 Yoon, Young Ho PBM-20, PBM-66 Yoon, Yune Jung PBM-2 York, William PBC-1 You, Min Kyoung PBC-156 Youn, Hyung Sun PBM-18, PBM-19, PBM-21 Youn, Man Hui PBC-73 Yu, Hannah PBC-138 Yuk, Heung Joo PBM-37 Yun, Bo Ra PBM-121 Yun, Bong Sik PBM-138, PBM-139, PES-55, PES-56 Yun, Dae Jin IL-A4, IL-A6 Yun, Han Dae PFM-23

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