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RAN Signaling Analysis Guide

5 Outgoing Call Procedure

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About This Chapter

Outgoing Call Procedure

The outgoing call procedure is performed for a piece of User Equipment (UE) to call another terminal, such as a Public Switched Telephony Network (PSTN) terminal. This chapter describes outgoing call setup and release in terms of protocols, triggering conditions, signaling procedure of a successful outgoing call, signaling tracing on the RNC LMT, and elementary procedures. This chapter also describes the elementary procedures in terms of functions, triggering conditions, procedure, and signaling in abnormal conditions. 5.1 Protocols Related to an Outgoing Call The outgoing call procedure complies with some 3GPP TS25 protocols and an ITU-T protocol. 5.2 Triggering Conditions of an Outgoing Call An outgoing call is made by a UE when the UE calls another terminal. 5.3 Signaling Procedure of a Successful Outgoing Call This part describes the signaling procedure of a successful outgoing call. For the messages related to outgoing call failures, refer to the elementary procedures. 5.4 Using the RNC LMT to Trace the Outgoing Call Procedure The signaling tracing function of the RNC LMT can be used to trace the signaling of an outgoing call. 5.5 Elementary Procedures of an Outgoing Call This part describes the elementary procedures of an outgoing call in terms of triggering conditions and signaling procedures in normal and abnormal conditions.

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5.1 Protocols Related to an Outgoing Call


The outgoing call procedure complies with some 3GPP TS25 protocols and an ITU-T protocol. The compliance protocols are as follows:
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3GPP TS25.331 "Radio Resource Control (RRC)" 3GPP TS25.413 "UTRAN Iu interface RANAP signalling" 3GPP TS25.433 "UTRAN Iub interface Node B Application Part (NBAP) signalling" ITU-T Q.2630 "AAL type 2 Signalling Protocol"

5.2 Triggering Conditions of an Outgoing Call


An outgoing call is made by a UE when the UE calls another terminal. When a UE camps on a cell, the UE calls a mobile phone or a fixed-line phone.

5.3 Signaling Procedure of a Successful Outgoing Call


This part describes the signaling procedure of a successful outgoing call. For the messages related to outgoing call failures, refer to the elementary procedures. Figure 5-1 shows the signaling procedure of a successful outgoing call.

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Figure 5-1 Signaling procedure of a successful outgoing call

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Note the following information about the procedure shown in Figure 5-1:
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An RRC connection can be set up on a DCH or CCH. This procedure takes setting up an RRC connection on the DCH as an example. If IP transport is applied to the Iub interface, the ALCAP procedure is not performed on the Iub interface when radio links are set up, reconfigured, or deleted.

5.4 Using the RNC LMT to Trace the Outgoing Call Procedure
The signaling tracing function of the RNC LMT can be used to trace the signaling of an outgoing call.

Prerequisite
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The RNC LMT works properly. You have logged in to the RNC with an account authorized to perform tracing management.

Context
Table 5-1 lists the messages to be traced. Table 5-1 Messages to be traced Interfaces and Protocols to Be Traced

Message Name on the LMT

Message Name in Protocols

RRC_RRC_CONNECT_REQ RRC_RRC_CONN_SETUP RRC_RRC_CONN_REJ RRC_RRC_CONNECT_SET UP_CMP RRC_INIT_DIRECT_TRANS F Uu RRC_DL_DIRECT_TRANSF RRC_UL_DIR_TRANSF RRC_SECURITY_MODE_C MD RRC_SECURITY_MODE_C MP RRC_SECURITY_MODE_F AIL
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RRC CONNECTION REQUEST RRC CONNECTION SETUP RRC CONNECTION REJECT RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE INITIAL DIRECT TRANSFER DOWNLINK DIRECT TRANSFER UPLINK DIRECT TRANSFER SECURITY MODE COMMAND SECURITY MODE COMPLETE SECURITY MODE FAILURE

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Interfaces and Protocols to Be Traced

Message Name on the LMT

Message Name in Protocols

RRC_RB_SETUP RRC_RB_SETUP_CMP RRC_RB_SETUP_FAIL RRC_RRC_CONN_REL RRC_RRC_CONN_REL_CM P NBAP_RL_SETUP_REQ NBAP_RL_SETUP_RSP NBAP_RL_SETUP_FAIL NBAP_RL_RESTORE_IND NBAP_RL_RECFG_PREP NBAP_RL_RECFG_REDAY Iub NBAP_RL_RECFG_FAIL NBAP_RL_RECFG_COMMI T NBAP_RL_RECFG_CANCE L NBAP_RL_DEL_REQ NBAP_RL_DEL_RSP RANAP_INITIAL_UE_MES SAGE RANAP_COMMON_ID RANAP_DIRECT_TRANSF ER Iu RANAP_SECURITY_MODE _COMMAND RANAP_SECURITY_MODE _COMPLETE RANAP_SECURITY_MODE _REJ

RADIO BEARER SETUP RADIO BEARER SETUP COMPLETE RADIO BEARER SETUP FAILURE RRC CONNECTION RELEASE RRC CONNECTION RELEASE COMPLETE RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST RADIO LINK SETUP RESPONSE RADIO LINK SETUP FAILURE RADIO LINK RESTORE INDICATION RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION READY RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION FAILURE RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION COMMIT RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION CANCEL RADIO LINK DELETION REQUEST RADIO LINK DELETION RESPONSE INITIAL UE MESSAGE COMMON ID DIRECT TRANSFER SECURITY MODE COMMAND SECURITY MODE COMPLETE SECURITY MODE REJECT

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Interfaces and Protocols to Be Traced

Message Name on the LMT

Message Name in Protocols

RANAP_RAB_ASSIGNMEN T_REQ RANAP_RAB_ASSIGNMEN T_RESP RANAP_IU_RELEASE_CO MMAND RANAP_IU_RELEASE_CO MPLETE

RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE IU RELEASE COMMAND IU RELEASE COMPLETE

Procedure
Step 1 Create a Uu tracing task by referring to Creating an RNC Tracing Task. Figure 5-2 shows an example of Uu signaling tracing result. Figure 5-2 Example of Uu signaling tracing result

As shown in Figure 5-2, multiple RRC_UL_DIR_TRANSF messages and RRC_DL_DIRECT_TRANSF messages are traced. That is because the UE and the RNC exchange signaling for several times during the outgoing call procedure. The RRC_UL_DIR_TRANSF messages have different contents, and so do the RRC_DL_DIRECT_TRANSF messages. Step 2 Create an Iub tracing task by referring to Creating an RNC Tracing Task. Figure 5-3 shows an example of Iub signaling tracing result.

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Figure 5-3 Example of Iub signaling tracing result

Step 3 Create an Iu tracing task by referring to Creating an RNC Tracing Task. Figure 5-4 shows an example of Iu signaling tracing result. Figure 5-4 Example of Iu signaling tracing result

As shown in Figure 5-4, multiple RANAP_DIRECT_TRANSFER messages are traced. That is because the RNC and the CN exchange signaling for several times during the outgoing call procedure. The RANAP_DIRECT_TRANSFER messages have different contents. ----End

5.5 Elementary Procedures of an Outgoing Call


This part describes the elementary procedures of an outgoing call in terms of triggering conditions and signaling procedures in normal and abnormal conditions. 5.5.1 RRC Connection Setup Procedure The RRC connection setup procedure is performed for the UE to set up a signaling connection to the SRNC. RRC connection setup is always initiated by the UE. One UE has a maximum of one RRC connection at a time. 5.5.2 Signaling Connection Setup Procedure (Outgoing Call) The signaling connection setup procedure is performed between the UE and the CN to exchange NAS information, such as information about authentication, service request, and connection setup.
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5.5.3 Authentication and Security Mode Control Procedure The authentication and security mode control procedure is performed for the UE and the network to implement bi-directional authentication and to negotiate and configure the integrity protection algorithm and ciphering algorithm. This procedure ensures integrity and correctness of signaling. 5.5.4 Call Setup Procedure (Outgoing Call) The call setup procedure is performed to set up a call. 5.5.5 RAB Setup Procedure The RAB setup procedure is performed to set up a user plane bearer. 5.5.6 Call Release Procedure (Outgoing Call) The call release procedure is performed to release services and resources after a call ends. 5.5.7 RRC Connection Release Procedure The RRC connection release procedure is performed to release the signaling connection and all radio bearers between the UE and the UTRAN.

5.5.1 RRC Connection Setup Procedure


The RRC connection setup procedure is performed for the UE to set up a signaling connection to the SRNC. RRC connection setup is always initiated by the UE. One UE has a maximum of one RRC connection at a time.

Triggering Conditions
The UE in idle mode shall initiate the RRC connection setup procedure when the NAS of the UE requests the establishment of a signaling connection.

Procedure
When the SRNC receives an RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message from the UE, the Radio Resource Management (RRM) module of the RNC determines whether to accept or reject the RRC connection request according to a specific algorithm. If accepting the request, the RRM module determines whether to set up the RRC connection on a Dedicated Channel (DCH) or on a Common Channel (CCH) according to a specific RRM algorithm. Typically, an RRC connection is set up on the DCH. I. RRC Connection Setup on a DCH Figure 5-5 shows the procedure for setting up an RRC connection on a DCH.

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Figure 5-5 RRC connection setup procedure (on a DCH)

The procedure shown in Figure 5-5 is described as follows: 1. The UE sends an RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message to the SRNC through the uplink Common Control Channel (CCCH), requesting the establishment of an RRC connection. Based on the cause in the RRC connection request and the system resource status, the SRNC determines to set up the RRC connection on a DCH and allocates the Radio Network Temporary Identity (RNTI), radio resources, and L1 and L2 resources. The SRNC sends a RADIO LINK SETUP REQUEST message to the NodeB, requesting the NodeB to allocate the specific radio link resources required for an RRC connection. The NodeB responds with a RADIO LINK SETUP RESPONSE message to the SRNC after successfully preparing the resources. The SRNC uses the ALCAP protocol to set up the Iub user plane transport bearer and performs the synchronization between the SRNC and the NodeB. The SRNC sends an RRC CONNECTION SETUP message to the UE through the downlink CCCH. The message contains the information about the DCH allocated by the SRNC. The UE sends an RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE message to the SRNC through the uplink Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH) that is just set up.

2.

3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

The RRC connection setup procedure ends. II. RRC Connection Setup on a CCH Figure 5-6 shows the procedure for setting up an RRC connection on a CCH.

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Figure 5-6 RRC connection setup procedure (on a CCH)

The procedure shown in Figure 5-6 is described as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The UE sends an RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message to the SRNC through the uplink CCCH, requesting the establishment of an RRC connection. Based on the cause in the RRC connection request and the system resource status, the SRNC determines to set up the RRC connection on a CCH. The SRNC maps the logical channel of the UE onto a CCH in the cell. The SRNC sends an RRC CONNECTION SETUP message to the UE through the downlink CCCH. The message contains the information about the CCH. The UE sends an RRC CONNECTION SETUP COMPLETE message to the SRNC through the uplink CCCH.

The RRC connection setup procedure ends. III. RRC Connection Rejected Figure 5-7 shows the RRC connection rejected procedure. Figure 5-7 RRC connection rejected procedure

The procedure shown in Figure 5-7 is described as follows: 1. 2. The UE sends an RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message to the SRNC through the uplink CCCH, requesting the establishment of an RRC connection. The SRNC determines to reject the RRC connection request according to a specific algorithm and sends an RRC CONNECTION REJECT message to the UE. The message indicates the reason for rejecting the RRC connection request.
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5.5.2 Signaling Connection Setup Procedure (Outgoing Call)


The signaling connection setup procedure is performed between the UE and the CN to exchange NAS information, such as information about authentication, service request, and connection setup.

Triggering Conditions
The UE sends a direct transfer message to initiate the signaling connection setup procedure.

Procedure
Figure 5-8 shows the signaling connection setup procedure. Figure 5-8 Signaling connection setup procedure

The procedure shown in Figure 5-8 is described as follows: 1. The UE sends an INITIAL DIRECT TRANSFER message to the SRNC through the RRC connection. The message contains the initial NAS information to be sent to the CN by the UE. The SRNC receives the INITIAL DIRECT TRANSFER message from the UE and sends an INITIAL UE MESSAGE to the CN through the Iu interface. The INITIAL UE MESSAGE contains the NAS information to be sent to the CN by the UE. The content of the NAS information is CM SERVICE REQUEST. The CN sends a response message to the SRNC.
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2.

3.

If accepting the request, the CN sends to the SRNC a CONNECTION CONFIRM (CC) message, indicating that the SCCP connection is set up. After receiving the message, the SRNC confirms that the signaling connection is set up. If rejecting the request, the CN sends to the SRNC a CONNECTION REJECT (CJ) message, indicating that the SCCP connection fails to be set up. After receiving the message, the SRNC confirms that the signaling connection fails to be set up and initiates the RRC release procedure.

5.5.3 Authentication and Security Mode Control Procedure


The authentication and security mode control procedure is performed for the UE and the network to implement bi-directional authentication and to negotiate and configure the integrity protection algorithm and ciphering algorithm. This procedure ensures integrity and correctness of signaling.
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Triggering Conditions
The UE and the CN exchange signaling. The network initiates the authentication and security mode control procedure.

Procedure
Figure 5-9 shows the authentication and security mode control procedure. Figure 5-9 Authentication and security mode control procedure

The procedure shown in Figure 5-9 is described as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. The CN sends to the SRNC a DIRECT TRANSFER message, indicating AUTHENTICATION REQUEST. The SRNC transparently sends the contents of the DIRECT TRANSFER message to the UE through a DOWNLINK DIRECT TRANSFER message. The UE sends an UPLINK DIRECT TRANSFER message to the SRNC. The SRNC transparently sends the contents of the UPLINK DIRECT TRANSFER message to the CN through a DIRECT TRANSFER message, indicating AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE. If the UMTS Subscriber Identity Module (USIM) regards that the authentication succeeds, the UE returns a message with an XRES Information Element (IE). The CN sends to the SRNC a SECURITY MODE COMMAND message to initiate the security mode control procedure. The message contains the information about the supported ciphering and integrity protection algorithms.
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6. 7.

The SRNC sends a SECURITY MODE COMMAND message to the UE to inform the UE of the integrity protection and ciphering algorithms that the UTRAN selects. The UE sends a response message to the SRNC.
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If the integrity protection and ciphering algorithms are configured successfully, the UE sends a SECURITY MODE COMMAND COMPLETE message to the SRNC. The SRNC then sends to the CN a SECURITY MODE COMMAND COMPLETE message, containing the information about the integrity protection and ciphering algorithms that the UE uses. If the UE does not support the integrity protection and ciphering algorithms, the UE sends to the SRNC a SECURITY MODE COMMAND FAILURE message that contains the error information and the reason for the failure. The SRNC then sends a SECURITY MODE COMMAND REJECT message to the CN.

5.5.4 Call Setup Procedure (Outgoing Call)


The call setup procedure is performed to set up a call.

Triggering Conditions
The UE initiates a call.

Procedure
Figure 5-10 shows the call setup procedure. Figure 5-10 Call setup procedure (outgoing call)

The procedure shown in Figure 5-10 is described as follows:


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1. 2. 3.

The UE sends to the SRNC an UPLINK DIRECT TRANSFER message that contains the number of the callee and the information about the bearing capability of the call. The SRNC transparently sends the contents of the UPLINK DIRECT TRANSFER message to the CN through a DIRECT TRANSFER message. The CN sends a DIRECT TRANSFER message to the SRNC. The message indicates CALL PROCEEDING and contains the information about the negotiated bearing capability of the call. The SRNC transparently sends the contents of the DIRECT TRANSFER message to the UE through a DOWNLINK DIRECT TRANSFER message. A Radio Access Bearer (RAB) is set up. For details, refer to 5.5.5 RAB Setup Procedure. When the callee rings, the CN sends to the SRNC a DIRECT TRANSFER message, indicating ALERTING. The SRNC transparently sends the contents of the DIRECT TRANSFER message to the UE through a DOWNLINK DIRECT TRANSFER message. The CN sends to the SRNC a DIRECT TRANSFER message, indicating CONNECT. This means the callee has answered the call. The SRNC transparently sends the contents of the DIRECT TRANSFER message to the UE through a DOWNLINK DIRECT TRANSFER message.

4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

10. The UE sends an UPLINK DIRECT TRANSFER message to the SRNC. 11. The SRNC transparently sends the contents of the UPLINK DIRECT TRANSFER message to the CN through a DIRECT TRANSFER message, indicating CONNECT ACKNOWLEDGE. The call is set up. The caller and the callee begin conversation.

5.5.5 RAB Setup Procedure


The RAB setup procedure is performed to set up a user plane bearer.

Triggering Conditions
A call is set up.

Procedure
I. Setting Up an RAB Successfully Figure 5-11 shows the successful RAB setup procedure.

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Figure 5-11 Successful RAB setup procedure

The procedure shown in Figure 5-11 is described as follows: 1. 2. The CN sends an RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message to the SRNC to initiate the RAB setup procedure. The SRNC maps the Quality of Service (QoS) parameters for the RAB to the ATM Adaptation Layer type 2 (AAL2) link characteristic parameters and radio resource characteristic parameters. The ALCAP on the Iu interface initiates a setup procedure for an Iu user plane transport bearer according to the AAL2 link characteristic parameters. (For the PS domain, this step does not exist.) The SRNC sends to the NodeB a RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION PREPARE message, requesting the NodeB to prepare for adding one or more DCHs to the existing radio links for carrying the RAB. The NodeB allocates the appropriate resources and then sends a RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION READY message to the SRNC. The Iub ALCAP at the SRNC initiates a setup procedure for an Iub user plane transport bearer. The NodeB and the SRNC perform synchronization by exchanging uplink and downlink synchronization frames in the DCH frame protocol. The SRNC sends a RADIO BEARER SETUP message to the UE. The SRNC sends a RADIO LINK RECONFIGURATION COMMIT message to the NodeB. After performing radio bearer setup, the UE sends a RADIO BEARER SETUP COMPLETE message to the SRNC. The SRNC sends an RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE message to the CN.

3.

4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9.

The RAB is set up. II. Failing to Set Up an RAB Figure 5-12 shows the unsuccessful RAB setup procedure.
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Figure 5-12 Unsuccessful RAB setup procedure

The procedure shown in Figure 5-12 is described as follows: 1. 2. The CN sends an RAB ASSIGNMENT REQUEST message to the SRNC to initiate the RAB setup procedure. The SRNC sends to the CN an RAB ASSIGNMENT RESPONSE message, indicating the ID of the RAB that fails to be set up and the reason for the failure.

5.5.6 Call Release Procedure (Outgoing Call)


The call release procedure is performed to release services and resources after a call ends.

Triggering Conditions
A call ends and the caller hangs up.

Procedure
Figure 5-13 shows the call release procedure.

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Figure 5-13 Call release procedure (outgoing call)

The procedure shown in Figure 5-13 is described as follows: 1. 2. The UE sends an UPLINK DRIECT TRANSFER message to the SRNC. The SRNC transparently sends the contents of the UPLINK DRIECT TRANSFER message to the CN through a DIRECT TRANSFER message, indicating DISCONNECT. This informs the CN that the UE has hanged up. The CN sends to the SRNC a DRIECT TRANSFER message, indicating RELEASE to request release of the call. The SRNC transparently sends the contents of the DRIECT TRANSFER message to the UE through a DOWNLINK DIRECT TRANSFER message. The UE sends an UPLINK DRIECT TRANSFER message to the SRNC. The SRNC transparently sends the contents of the UPLINK DRIECT TRANSFER message to the CN through a DIRECT TRANSFER message, indicating RELEASE COMPLETE. The CN sends an IU RELEASE COMMAND message to the SRNC to request call release on the Iu interface. The message indicates the reason for the Iu release. The ALCAP protocol on the Iu interface initiates an Iu data transport bearer release procedure. The SRNC sends an IU RELEASE COMPLETE message to the CN.

3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

5.5.7 RRC Connection Release Procedure


The RRC connection release procedure is performed to release the signaling connection and all radio bearers between the UE and the UTRAN.

Triggering Conditions
After an RAB is released, the SRNC judges whether the RRC connection carries any other RAB of the UE. If judging that the RRC connection does not carry any other RAB of the UE, the SRNC initiates an RRC connection release procedure.
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Procedure
According to the resource occupied by the RRC connection, there are two types of RRC connection release procedure: release of an RRC connection from a DCH and release of an RRC connection from a CCH.
NOTE

If an RRC connection needs to be released after an outgoing call succeeds, the RRC connection on the DCH is released. If a radio bearer fails to be set up, the RRC connection on the CCH is released.

I. Releasing an RRC Connection from a DCH Figure 5-14 shows the procedure for releasing an RRC connection from a DCH. Figure 5-14 RRC connection release procedure (from a DCH)

The procedure shown in Figure 5-14 is described as follows: 1. The SRNC sends an RRC CONNECTION RELEASE message to the UE through the DCCH.
NOTE

The SRNC may send the RRC CONNECTION RELEASE message several times to increase the probability of proper reception of the message by the UE. The RRC SNs of these messages are the same. The number of retransmissions and the transmission intervals are determined by the SRNC. If the SRNC does not receive an RRC CONNECTION RELEASE COMPLETE message from the UE after sending the RRC CONNECTION RELEASE message for four times, the SRNC regards that the UE has released the RRC connection.

2. 3. 4.

The UE sends an RRC CONNECTION RELEASE COMPLETE message to the SRNC. The SRNC sends to the NodeB a RADIO LINK DELETION REQUEST message, requesting the NodeB to delete the radio link resources in the NodeB. After releasing the resources, the NodeB sends a RADIO LINK DELETION RESPONSE message to the SRNC.
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5.

The SRNC uses the ALCAP protocol to initiate an Iub user plane transport bearer release procedure.

The RRC connection release procedure ends. II. Releasing an RRC Connection from a CCH Figure 5-15 shows the procedure for releasing an RRC connection from a CCH. Figure 5-15 RRC connection release procedure (from a CCH)

The procedure shown in Figure 5-15 is described as follows: 1. 2. The SRNC sends an RRC CONNECTION RELEASE message to the UE through the CCCH. The UE sends an RRC CONNECTION RELEASE COMPLETE message to the SRNC.

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