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Outline of presentation
Requirements for Small Company Growth - can they be met? Portfolio Building and Adding Value Drilling - Increasing reserve certainty Production - Early Revenue through Phased Development Marketing - Options for Achieving the Best Crude Price Challenges - Not all Plain Sailing Conclusions
UKCS Undeveloped, Heavy Oil offers: Access to Large Resource Base over 4 main areas Great quality reservoirs at shallow depth Opportunities to assemble a balanced asset portfolio - oil in the ground, appraisal/development, low risk, large prospects Assets at a reasonable price through purchase, swops and licence rounds Evaluate areas using low cost proprietary seismic and well data
Small Companies need to: Evaluate their portfolio at low cost and add value Share the exploration/appraisal risk Achieve early cash flow and mitigate production risk Identify diverse outlets for crude to maximise return Make use of the wide pool of contractor expertise to supplement in-house skills
2.2 5 5-6
Undeveloped Discoveries:
Mariner E. Mariner Bressay Kraken Bentley Bluebeard Skipper (Chevron, ENI & Nautical) (Chevron, ENI & OMV) (Chevron, Shell & Statoil) Nautical Xcite Xmar Xmar
Assemble a Broad Range of opportunities - investors/stakeholders do not like one shot companies Near term development - unloved, appraised discoveries at reasonable cost e.g. Mariner and Bressay Unappraised discoveries - Kraken, Bluebeard, Funnel and Skipper Prospects - add value by acquiring/reprocessing/interpreting seismic. Prospects should be low risk, large and robust
Nauticals Portfolio
Heimdal Sand Maureen Fm. Paleocene 1220mss (Heimdal) 1414mss (Maureen) 14.5API
2 KMS
10 vertical wells drilled 6 High angle/ horizontal wells drilled Wells produced 1000 1595 bopd Extended well test (EWT) produced 662000 barrels oil over 63 days at a maximum rate of 14991 bopd
Depth (mss)
Reservoir:
Depth to Crest: 1110mss (3640ft) Oil: P50(in place): 15.3API 331mmbo 27 bcf Kraken
9/2-1
BEFORE
Heavy amplitudes
Improved multiple attenuation
AFTER
Kraken (9/2b)
Inline 3315
Inline 3315
9/2- 1 T45 Dornoch T50 Balder H-Sand
X-line 7904
Base Tertiary T33 (Heimdal III) Base Heimdal Sand Main Basement Fault
Kraken (9/2b)
Inline 3315
T45 Dornoch
T50 Balder
X-line 7904
X-line 7904
Depth (mss)
Reservoir:
Min closure
ML closure)
Skipper Kelpie
Top Upper Dornoch Sandstone Depth Map
5 KMS
Max closure
Mermaid (9/11c)
Mariner Analogue
Depth (mss)
Reservoir:
Mariner
Mermaid
5 KMS
Wells - shallow (<1500m), simple well design, lower cost Aligned Contractor - e.g. Estimate well costs (PI) Search for and secure rig slots Deliver complete well construction service Drill well
Small company must have the core competence to bridge and maintain contractor alignment
Swift, sound decision to develop Develop using existing, proven technology Phased development minimizes upfront CAPEX Start in core area and move out on success Wells can deliver high volumes
- Mariner EWT up to 15,000 bopd
BUT, Extraction costs 30% higher than a Brent Barrel High water volumes sooner in field life
(high well count, need for artificial lift and sand control)
EWT/EPS
Semi-submersible Rig with processing plant & gas flare
Phased Production
Some Alternatives
Production Technology
Proven
Artificial - ESPs and HSPs easily deployed (wireline, coiled or jointed tubing) can handle 20,000 blpd (Captain) - ESP - reliable (5+ years run life) in a low gas environment - HSP - High performance, flexible and robust. Power fluid required Sand control - screens, gravel packing and expandable screens
Field Tested
Marketing - Options for Achieving the Best Crude Price Crude Quality Heavy 9 - 15 API High Acid 2 - 9 tan But, Low sulphur 0.5 - 1.3% Multiple Options Base Revenue - LSFO Increased Revenue - Emulsified Fuel Unknown Revenue - U.K. Upgrader
Benefit to producer may decrease as end user costs increase
Brent vs LSFO
80.00
History Forward Swaps
70.00
60.00
50.00
$/bbl 40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
Splitting the Barrel Premium $8.5 bbl Crude Oil API 14.5o 70% volume
Light Product
Sold into Existing Oil Markets Used as feedstock for power generation
30% volume
Heavy Residue
Brent (Discount) / Marker Premium 55.00 (15.00) 55.00 1.00 55.00 (24.00)
Challenges - not all plain sailing For a small public company: Positive Newsflow is king Spreading the news that heavy oil production is not a technical adventure Heavy oil production - higher cost and lower recovery factor Ever changing fiscal regime and lack of crude differentiation not a great catalyst No small company has produced heavy oil in the UKCS, the majors have the experience
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Share Price
Conclusions
Heavy oil offers a growth opportunity for small companies who can:
Build a balanced, low cost, low risk portfolio which will yield recoverable reserves Access the knowhow of contractors to progress from prospect to production
Market the crude to maximise revenue Assure investors that production technology is proven