Q1.

Part of a reactivity series is:

(a)

Carbon is used in blast furnaces to obtain iron and zinc from their oxides, but electrolysis
has to be used to obtain aluminium from its oxide.
Draw an arrow on the reactivity series above to show where carbon fits into the series.
(1)

(b)

Predict the method of extraction used to obtain calcium from its ore and explain your
answer.
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(2)

(c)

The formula for zinc oxide is ZnO. Write a balanced equation for the extraction of zinc in
the blast furnace.
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(2)
(Total 5 marks)

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Q2.

The flow diagram shows how to make ammonia and nitric acid from the nitrogen in the air.

(a)

A fertiliser is made by neutralising ammonia with nitric acid. What is the name of this
fertiliser?
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(1)

(b)

In the flow diagram, why are two different catalysts used?

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(1)

(c)

What happens to catalysts at the end of a reaction?

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(1)

(d)

Explain why catalysts are used in many industrial chemical reactions.

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(2)

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(e)

Explain, in terms of collisions between molecules, why a high pressure is used in the
reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen.
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(2)
(Total 7 marks)

Q3.

Ammonia is a very important chemical.

(a)

The table shows the percentage of ammonia used to make different substances.
SUBSTANCES MADE
FROM AMMONIA

PERCENTAGE (%)
OF AMMONIA USED

fertilisers

75

nitric acid

10

nylon

others

10

Shade on the pie chart the percentage of ammonia used to make nitric acid.

(1)

(b)

Ammonia gas is made by the reaction between nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas.
Write a word equation to represent this reaction.
.............................. + ..............................

..............................
(1)

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(c)

Nitrogen is one of the raw materials used to make ammonia.

Nitrogen is obtained from air.
This pie chart shows the proportion of nitrogen, oxygen and other gases in air.
Label the area which represents the proportion of nitrogen in air.

(1)

(d)

An artificial fertiliser contains compounds with the formulae:

NH4NO3 and
(i)

KCl

Use the Data Sheet to help you answer this question.

Name the elements in the compound NH4NO3.
1 ..........................................................
2 ..........................................................
3 ..........................................................
(2)

(ii)

Use the Data Sheet to help you answer this question.

Name the compound KCl.
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(1)

(e)

(i)

Ammonium nitrate is one type of artificial fertiliser.

Calculate the relative formula mass of ammonium nitrate NH4NO3.
(Relative atomic masses: H = 1, N = 14, O = 16.)
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(1)

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(ii)

Use your answer to part (f)(i) to help you calculate the percentage by mass of
nitrogen present in ammonium nitrate NH4NO3.
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(2)
(Total 9 marks)

Q4.

The word equation below shows a reaction used in an industrial process.

chromiumoxide + aluminium chromium + aluminiumoxide
The reaction is highly exothermic.
(a)

What is an exothermic reaction?

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.....................................................................................................................................
(2)

(b)

Name the products of this reaction.

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(1)

(c)

In the reaction one substance is reduced.

(i)

Name the substance which is reduced.

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(1)

(ii)

What happens to the substance when it is reduced?

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(1)
(Total 5 marks)

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Q5.

Follow the steps to find the percentage of iron in iron oxide.

Relative atomic masses: O 16; Fe 56.
(i)

Step 1
Calculate the relative formula mass of iron oxide, Fe2O3.
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(1)

(ii)

Step 2
Calculate the total relative mass of just the iron atoms in the formula, Fe2O3.
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(1)

(iii)

Step 3
Calculate the percentage (%) of iron in the iron oxide, Fe2O3.
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Percentage of iron ................................. %
(1)
(Total 3 marks)

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Q6.

A student investigated the electrolysis of lead bromide.

Lead bromide was placed in the tube and the circuit was switched on. The light bulb did not light
up.
The tube was heated and soon the bulb lit up. The observations are shown in the table.

(a)

Positive electrode

Negative electrode

red-brown gas

silver liquid

What is meant by electrolysis?

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(2)

(b)

Why did the lead bromide conduct electricity when the tube was heated?
....................................................................................................................................
(1)

(c)

Name the substances formed at the:

positive electrode; .....................................................................................................
negative electrode. ....................................................................................................
(2)

(d)

Suggest one safety precaution that should be taken during this investigation.
....................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 6 marks)

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Q7.

A student tried to make some magnesium sulphate. Excess magnesium was added to dilute
sulphuric acid. During this reaction fizzing was observed due to the production of a gas.

(i)

Complete and balance the chemical equation for this reaction.

..................... + H2SO4 ....................... + ........................
(3)

(ii)

At the end of the reaction the solution remaining was filtered. Why was the solution
filtered?
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)

(iii)

The filtered solution was left in a warm place.

Explain why the filtered solution was left in a warm place.

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(2)
(Total 6 marks)

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Q8.

(a)

(i)

Two experiments were set up as shown.

Give two observations which would be seen only in Experiment D.

1 .......................................................................................................................
2 .......................................................................................................................
(2)

(ii)

Explain why in Experiment C no changes would be seen.

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(2)

(b)

Another electrolysis experiment used an aqueous solution of copper chloride.

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(i)

What does electrolysis mean?

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(2)

(ii)

Name the gas A and the deposit B.

Gas A ................................................................................................................
Deposit B ..........................................................................................................
(2)

(c)

Give one industrial use of electrolysis.

.....................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 9 marks)

Q9.

Bordeaux Mixture controls some fungal infections on plants.

A student wanted to make some Bordeaux Mixture.

(a)

The student knew that calcium oxide could be made by heating limestone. Limestone
contains calcium carbonate, CaCO3.
(i)

Write the word equation for this reaction.

...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(ii)

What type of reaction is this?

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(1)

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(b)

The student knew that copper sulphate, CuSO4, could be made by the following general
reaction.

acid + base salt + water

(i)

What type of reaction is this?

...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(ii)

The base used is copper oxide. Name and give the chemical formula of the acid
used.
Name ................................................................................................................
Chemical formula .............................................................................................
(2)

(c)

The student wrote about how the copper sulphate was made.
Some of the acid was warmed. Copper oxide was added. The mixture was stirred. More
copper oxide was added until no more would react. The mixture was then filtered.
(i)

Why was the acid warmed?

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(1)

(ii)

Copper oxide was added until no more would react. Explain why.
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(2)

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(iii)

The filtration apparatus is shown.

Describe and explain what happens as the mixture is filtered.

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(2)
(Total 10 marks)

Q10.

Some farmed salmon have a coloured additive in the food that they are given. This is a
permitted additive that improves the colour of the fish meat.
A sample of the colour is extracted from a salmon.
Explain how paper chromatography could be used to confirm that this is the permitted additive.
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(Total 3 marks)

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