RCI Europe

RESORT SAFETY STANDARDS

RESORT SAFETY STANDARDS

CONTENTS
SECTION 1 - FIRE SAFETY STANDARDS Introduction General Fire certificates and record of tests Licences Insurance Fire safety policy objectives Building Types Means of Escape Stairways Stairway Protection Travel Distances High Risk Areas Exit Signage & Fire Instructions Emergency Lighting Warning in Case of Fire Fire Alarms Fire Fighting Equipment Atrium Escape Routes Corridor Separation Fire doors Evacuation Procedures Fire Alarm Sounders & Alarm Fire Safety Equipment Signage Staff Fire Training 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 - 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 14/15 15 15 15 16 16 17 18 18 19 19/20 21 22

SECTION 2 GENERAL SAFETY STANDARDS Glass Stairways and steps Lifts Balconies Emergency procedures Legionnaires Disease Guidelines Disabled Guests SECTION 3 STANDARDS FOR CHILDRENS FACILITIES Playground and equipment Childrens Indoor Facilities Cots Highchairs SECTION 4 SWIMMING POOL SAFETY STANDARDS Design Gradients Depth marks Diving Childrens pools Safety notices Water quality / clarity Supervision / rescue equipment Pool deck Freeboard Alcohol Filter systems Pool plant room Lighting Cleanliness 27 27 27 27 27 27 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 26 26 26 26 24 24 24 24 24 24 25

Appendix 1 Staff Fire Training Appendix 2 The Fire Safety Log Book

30 31

SECTION 1 - FIRE SAFETY STANDARDS

The quality of safety is part of the quality of service provided to members who use RCI Europe's exchange facilities. Internationally recognised fire and general safety standards are an integral port of RCI's recommendations/requirements for all affiliated resorts. The definitive fire safety standards sought by RCI Europe are set out in the European Recommendations on Fire Safety in Existing Hotels and Similar Properties (EC/666/86). These standards apply throughout the European Union and will also apply to those who join in the future. Any local regulations which require a higher standard will, of course, be accepted provided that documentary evidence can be supplied showing conformity with such higher standards. In some circumstances, where it might be impracticable or difficult to meet a particular standard in an existing building, an alternative 'Benchmark' standard is included for convenience. The 'Benchmark' standard contains further advice on current good fire safe practices which are followed in most well managed resorts.

2.0

GENERAL - FIRE CERTIFICATES, LICENCES, RECORD OF TESTS, ELECTRICAL CERTIFICATES & INSURANCE CERTIFICATES
All properties must be in possession of a current and valid Fire Certificate or equivalent documentation issued by the appropriate licensing authority. Properties should also have documentary evidence that all fire-fighting equipment, fire alarms, extinguishers and/or hoses, emergency lighting systems are in good working order and that they have been regularly serviced, tested and maintained. The record of servicing/maintenance and periodic tests etc. are to be kept in a Fire Log Book held available for examination at the property. The Fire Log Book should also contain details of the dates of staff training and any exercises held to test the fire evacuation arrangements. All properties to be in possession of an Electrical Certificate or other recognised document stating that the electrical installation conforms to international and local wiring standards, and is in good safe working order. Follow-up inspections to be recorded in the Fire Log Book. All properties to be in possession of valid indemnity, public liability and building fire insurance.

2.1

2.2

2.3

3.0 FIRE SAFETY POLICY OBJECTIVES

3.1 The overall objectives of RCI Europe's Fire Safety Policy are to: 1 2 3 4 3.2 reduce the risk of fire breaking out. prevent the spread of flames and smoke. ensure that all guests can be evacuated safely. enable the emergency services to take action.

In order to meet these objectives, all necessary precautions should be taken within the resort so that: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. safe escape routes are available, are clearly indicated and remain accessible and unobstructed. the buildings structural stability, in the event of a fire, is guaranteed at least for as long as it is needed for the guests to evacuate the property safely. The presence, or use, of highly flammable materials in wall, ceiling or floor covering and interior decoration is carefully limited and / or specially treated particularly in properties with a single staircase or single means of escape. all technical equipment and appliances (including electrical, gas, heating, air conditioning systems etc) operate safely. appropriate systems are both installed (and maintained in proper working order) for alerting the occupants in the event of a fire. safety instructions and a plan of the premises indicating escape routes, are displayed in each room normally occupied by guests or staff. emergency fire fighting equipment (extinguishers etc) is provided and maintained in proper working order. all the staff are given suitable instruction and training in their duties in case of fire.

RCI Europe will periodically subject resorts to examination to determine conformity with adequate fire safety and other standards. It is hoped that Developers / Property Managers will co operate fully as our sole purpose is to work with resorts to provide a safe and enjoyable holiday environment for all RCI members.

This Fire Safety section has been provided to assist resorts and other associated suppliers to identify the main fire safety standards, which they should provide for their guests. The complexity of fire safety is such that it is not practical to produce an easy to understand document that is capable of covering all the requirements which may be likely in any given holiday property. The standards required rely upon a variety of different factors, which include building structure, materials used, surface linings, fire loading, cubic capacity of compartments imported hazards etc. Any person using this guide should seek advice on any area which is not fully understood, from a competent fire engineer. The installation of building services should also take into account the fire safety arrangements within the building. It is impossible to give full guidance on the installation of heating and ventilation systems but suppliers should be aware that these can play a significant part in fire safety arrangements within an accommodation building. In general low-pressure water radiator heating systems, fan coil type heating/cooling systems and individual split units provide less risk when properly installed than ducted air systems. All suppliers should consult competent fire safety consultants on this issue. Where discos, public entertainment areas conference centres and atria are included within an accommodation unit specialist advice should be obtained. Where consideration is given to providing fixed fire fighting equipment such as sprinklers or drencher systems again advice should be sought from a competent fire engineer. Introduction In order to try to simplify the process of finding what fire safety standards apply to which types of property this guidance note has been put together in such a way as to list all criteria, which apply to individual property types. Suppliers should only need to look at the building types relevant to their premises to get a list of all their preferred requirements. It must be stressed that in some buildings it will be necessary to get the advice of a competent Fire Engineer. Further information can also be found in the fire safety appendix section of this code. Listed below is a brief description of each building type. Type 1 Single storey bungalow or chalet Single storey buildings where occupants have independent ground level access and egress to and from the premises. Note this also includes duplex apartments of up to 2 storeys, where the accommodation entrance/exit is directly to the outside, not into a shared lobby or hallway, which ensures that occupants have their own independent means of escape directly to the outside. Type 2 3 floors and below with totally open to air corridors Buildings no more than 3 storeys high in total, i.e. a ground floor and no more than 2 floors above with corridors open to the outside air. The degree of openness is subjective since the absence of originally installed windows may be effective in securing the dispersal of smoke. However, for the purposes of assessment, the corridor should be in the form of an open-air walkway, balcony or deck-approach. If there are sections of any corridors along which guests would have to escape that are enclosed, i.e. which are not open to the air, then the premises should not be considered as a Type 2 building. Example of Type 2 building 3 floors and below with totally open to air corridors.

ACCOMMODATION Open to air corridor 2nd floor. ACCOMMODATION Open to air corridor 1st floor.

ACCOMMODATION Open to air corridor ground floor.

Type 3 3 floors and below with enclosed corridors Buildings no more than 3 storeys high in total, i.e. a ground floor and no more than 2 floors above but in this case, where all or a substantial portion of the corridors are enclosed and not open to the outside air. Example of Type 3 building 3 Floors and below with enclosed corridors.

ACCOMMODATION Open to air corridor 2nd floor.

st

CORRIDOR

ACCOMMODATION Open to air corridor 1 floor.

CORRIDOR

ACCOMMODATION Open to air corridor ground floor.

CORRIDOR

Type 4 4 floors and below with totally open to air corridors As Type 2 buildings but more than 3 storeys high in total, i.e. a ground floor and 4 floors or below with totally open to the air corridors. Type 5 4 floors and above with enclosed corridors As Type 3 buildings but more than 3 storeys high in total, i.e. ground floor and 3 or more floors above, where all or a substantial portion of the corridors are enclosed and not open to the outside air. Floors below ground Any floors that are below ground level require particular consideration. If a floor is totally below ground, there is no doubt that it constitutes a basement. The means of escape from a basement is usually within the building up to the ground floor and then out. If a building is constructed on a terrace or sloping site, however and the floor below ground level is not all below ground then this may be either a basement or a lower ground floor. An example of a lower ground floor is where escape can be made from some parts of the floor below ground level, directly to outside, without having to go upstairs to the ground floor. Normally, however, all floors below the ground floor should be considered basements, and the following diagrams should provide assistance:

STAIR

Example of a basement. A floor below ground level, where escape is needed up to the ground floor.

GROUND FLOOR BASEMENT

GROUND LEVEL

An example of a partial basement or lower ground floor. A floor from which escape can be made directly to the outside without having to go up to the ground floor.

GROUND FLOOR BASEMENT OR LOWER GROUND GROUND

Additional buildings It is important to note that some sites, with multiple buildings, may have buildings that fall into differing building types. Each building should be looked at separately. Important Note Properties which include an atria in their design can not be classified as a property types 2 or 4. BUILDING TYPE ONE Means of escape All doors should be easy to open, from the inside at all times, and always be unobstructed. Fire warning Domestic type smoke alarms (preferably mains powered with battery backup) should be provided. To avoid false alarms they should be sited in a suitable location away from the immediate vicinity of the cooking area. All battery operated smoke alarms should be tested on a weekly basis to ensure they are working correctly. Means of summoning assistance (Manual alarm, telephone etc.). All smoke detectors should be vacuumed to remove dust from the sensors twice a year. Fire fighting equipment A wall mounted fire blanket should be provided where cooking is permitted. They should be cited in a location which is readily accessible at all times. A general-purpose fire extinguisher, of a suitable size, within easy access (25m maximum) should be provided. The extinguisher should be serviced annually. Emergency lighting Where guests escape into a building complex, in addition to the normal lighting, some form of emergency lighting should be provided to ensure that they can see their way to safety at all times in the event of a power failure of local lighting circuits. In individual stand alone properties, a torch or hand lamp may suffice. Signs and notices A notice indicating the action in case of fire including route plan and means of raising the alarm should be provided on the back of the entrance door. In the case of remote villas the sign should include contact numbers and the full address of the villa, together with contact numbers and procedures covering all emergencies. Direction notices should be provided where appropriate. In European Union member states there will be a requirement for signs to be provided in accordance with the current EC Directive on signs and notices. Safety policy A safety policy should be prepared which includes appropriate information to ensure that the property is operated safely. This policy should include: Fire (i.e. action in case of fire, specific fire prevention routine, duties relating to the premises, staff training and maintenance of equipment). Power failure (i.e. action in case of power failure, back up power supplies, location of torches etc). Security incidents (i.e. action in the event of an incident, and designated responsibilities etc). Natural disaster (i.e. action in the event of a natural disaster). Persons with reduced mobility (i.e.. who is responsible for ensuring their welfare in the event of any emergency). Training All staff (including owner-occupiers and family members) should be trained to ensure that they are capable of implementing the safety plan for the premises. BUILDING TYPE TWO Means of escape Entrance doors to rooms and apartments should be easy to open, from the inside at all times. Doors or gates from stairways should be easy to open from the inside at all times without the use of a key, e.g. by panic bar mechanisms. Stairways should discharge directly to open air at ground level, not through another building or room.

All escape routes including corridors, stairways and routes through bars, restaurants and entertainment areas should be unobstructed at all times to ensure that the full width of the route is available at all times. There must be no openings from high-risk rooms onto the stairway(s) i.e. from boiler rooms, kitchens etc. Handrails should be provided on all stairways (internal and external) to assist guests when descending the stairs. Where the width of the stairway is 1.2m or greater, handrails should be provided on both sides. Fire warning Domestic type smoke alarm (preferably mains powered with battery backup) to be provided in apartments or rooms with cooking facilities. To avoid false alarms these should be sited in a suitable location away from the immediate vicinity of the cooking area. All battery operated smoke alarms should be tested on a weekly basis to ensure they are working correctly. All smoke detectors should be vacuumed to remove dust from the sensors twice a year. A simple fire alarm system ranging from a manual alarm gong to an electrically operated alarm system, depending upon size of building should be provided. Fire fighting equipment A wall mounted fire blanket should be provided where cooking is permitted. They should be cited in a location which is readily accessible at all times. General-purpose fire extinguishers of a suitable size within easy access of individual rooms or apartments should be provided (25m maximum). Extinguishers should be sited on the wall, adjacent to storey exits, with the handle or other carrying device of the extinguisher approximately 1m from the floor. The extinguisher should be serviced annually. Emergency lighting In addition to the normal lighting an emergency lighting system consisting of self-contained units, trickle charged by the mains electrical supply and designed to operate on the failure of each individual, local lighting sub-circuit for at least 3 hours should be provided, in the following locations: All corridors. Public Areas All stairways. Secluded paths. All emergency lighting should be serviced annually by a competent person and details of any corrective action taken should be recorded together with test results in a fire log. Signs and notices All escape routes to emergency exits should be signed using pictogram type signs, throughout the length of the route. Signs should include directional arrows where appropriate and be placed in conspicuous positions so that they are clearly visible. All final exit doors, except the main entrance should be marked with a sign stating "Exit" to indicate that it is an emergency exit. The sign should be positioned either directly above the exit or adjacent to it. A notice, indicating the action in case of fire, route plan, description of the fire alarm (including means of raising the alarm), assembly point details and action to take when an alarm is sounded should be provided: On the back of each bedroom or apartment entrance door. At reception. The notice should be relevant to the specific room in which it is placed. In European Union member states there will be a requirement for signs to be provided in accordance with the current EC Directive on signs and notices. Risk rooms Risk rooms include: Laundry. Electrical Switch Rooms. Cleaner Stores. Boiler rooms. Kitchens. Basement storage. Workshops. All risk rooms should be separated from the accommodation by construction which provides a minimum of 60 minutes fire resistance. Where they are likely to affect the means of escape, the doors to such rooms should provide a minimum of 60 minutes fire resistance and should be self-closing. Fire separation All pipes, holes or ducting passing through compartment and/or fire resisting walls, floors and ceilings etc. should be suitably fire stopped using materials which provide a minimum of 30 minutes fire resistance. Lifts All lifts should be fitted with signs at the lift entrance on each floor level, stating: No Smoking. No Unaccompanied Children. Do Not Use In Case Of Fire. Lifts that are 3 sided should display notices stating 'Danger 3 Sided Lift Keep Clear of the Moving Wall when Lift is in motion'. The signs should be placed inside the lift and on each floor adjacent to the lift. A procedure should be in place to release persons who become trapped in lifts due to defects or power failure. There should be a means of raising the alarm inside the lift that can be used to call for help in the event of an emergency. Lifts should be serviced on a regular basis. Service doors should be locked at all times when not in use. Safety Policy A Safety Policy should be prepared which includes appropriate information to ensure that the property is operated safely. This policy should include: Fire (i.e. action in case of fire, specific fire prevention routine duties relating to the premises, staff training and maintenance of equipment). Power failure (i.e. action in case of power failure, back up power supplies, location of torches etc). Security incidents (i.e. action in the event of an incident, and designated responsibilities etc). Natural disaster (i.e. action in the event of a natural disaster). Persons with reduced mobility (i.e. who is responsible for ensuring their welfare in the event of an emergency). Training All staff (including owner-occupiers and family members) should be trained to ensure that they are capable of implementing the safety plan for the premises. A record of the training should be retained (details including the names of each participant, the date, subject matters covered and training provider should be documented).

BUILDING TYPE THREE Means of escape Generally at least two separate stairways are required, accessed via doors which are self closing and effectively smoke stopping, having a minimum fire resistance of 30 minutes at every level. Persons should not have to travel more than 35m to reach a place of safety, that is the open air or a protected stairway. Dead end corridors should be less than 10m. All escape routes including corridors, stairways and routes through bars, restaurants and entertainment areas should be unobstructed to ensure that the full width of the route is available at all times. Any doors across escape routes should be easy to open without the use of a key at all times. Doors should open in the direction of escape. Some doors may be required to have panic bolt type fastenings fitted. Stairways should discharge directly to open air at ground level, not through another building or room. Entrance doors to rooms and apartments should be easy to open from the inside at all times. All final exit doors should be unobstructed. Where obstruction is likely through car parking, storage, external planting etc. precautions should be taken to ensure that obstruction does not occur. There must be no openings from high-risk rooms onto the stairway i.e. from boiler rooms, kitchens etc. Handrails should be provided on all stairways (internal and external) to assist guests when descending the stairs. Where the width of the stairway is 1.2m or greater, hand rails should be provided on both sides. Fire warning A fire alarm system to a recognised standard should be provided. This should include: Fire alarm call points should be provided on each floor level adjacent to each storey exit and fire exits to the outside. Sounders of a common type, capable of achieving an audibility of at least 75db at all bed heads and 65db in all other areas. A zoned panel sited in a location (usually reception) so that it can be monitored by staff at all times. Stand by battery backup facility and charger. Suitable automatic fire detection (AFD) linked to the fire alarm system in such a way that the actuation of any fire detector will automatically sound the fire alarm, in all: Enclosed stairways. Corridors. Risk rooms. Main public areas. Voids. Rooms and apartments. Domestic type smoke alarms (preferably mains powered) to be provided in apartments or rooms with cooking facilities if there is no smoke detection linked to the fire alarm within that room. To avoid false alarms these should be sited in a suitable location away from the immediate vicinity of the cooking area. All smoke detectors should be vacuumed to remove dust from the sensors twice a year. A competent company should be contracted to fully service the fire alarm system on an annual basis and conduct routine inspections every 6 months. The details of which should be recorded in the fire log. Type Three Page 1.10age 1.11 The fire alarm system should be tested on a regular basis to ensure it is operating correctly and details of any corrective action should be recorded together with the test results in the fire log. A separate fire call point should be used on each test. At least 2 evacuation drills (1 day and 1 night) should be carried out each year and details recorded in the fire log. Fire fighting equipment A wall mounted fire blanket should be provided where cooking is permitted. They should be sited in a location which is readily accessible at all times. General-purpose fire extinguishers of a suitable size within easy reach of individual rooms and apartments should be provided (25m intervals). Extinguishers should be cited adjacent to storey exits, wall mounted and with the handle or other carrying device approximately 1m from the floor. Risk rooms should be provided with suitable fire fighting equipment. This should include a fire blanket in the kitchen. All fire fighting equipment should be serviced according to the manufacturers instructions. If not available then at least annually. The results of the service and any corrective action taken should be recorded in the fire log. Emergency lighting In addition to the normal lighting an emergency lighting system consisting of self-contained units, trickle-charged by the mains electrical supply and designed to operate on the failure of each individual local lighting sub-circuit for at least 3 hours, should be provided in the following locations: All corridors. Emergency escape routes. Exits. Electrical switch rooms. All stairways. Public areas. Secluded paths. All emergency lighting should be serviced annually by a competent person and details of any corrective action taken should be recorded together with test results in a fire log. Signs and notices All escape routes to emergency exits should be signed using pictogram type signs, throughout the length of the route. Signs should include directional arrows where appropriate and be placed in conspicuous positions so that they are clearly visible. All final exit doors, except the main entrance, should be marked with a sign stating "Exit" to indicate that it is an emergency exit. The sign should be positioned either directly above the exit or adjacent to it. A notice indicating the action in case of fire, route plan, description of the fire alarm (including means of raising the alarm), assembly point details and action to take when an alarm is sounded should be provided: On the back of all bedroom/apartment doors. In all corridors. Public areas. In the reception area. The notice should be relevant to the specific room in which it is placed. In European Union member states there will be a requirement for signs to be provided in accordance with the current EC Directive on signs and notices.

Risk rooms Risk rooms include: Laundry. Electrical switch rooms. Cleaner stores. Boiler rooms. Kitchens. Basement storage. Workshops. All risk rooms should be separated from the accommodation by construction, which provides a minimum of 60 minutes fire resistance. Fire doors which are self closing and offer 60 minutes fire resistance should be provided to the following risk rooms: Kitchen. Laundry. Boiler Room. Electrical Switch Rooms. Cleaner Stores. Fire separation All stairways should be separated from the remainder of the building with materials providing at least 60 minutes fire resistance. All doors to stairways should provide at least 30 minutes fire resistance, be self-closing and effectively smoke stopping using cold smoke seals and intumescent strips where needed. All doors from basements to stairways should provide at least 60 minutes fire resistance, be self-closing and effectively smoke stopping. Doors to stairways should only be held open by approved devices linked to the fire alarm. The doors should close immediately upon the actuation of any alarm call point or automatic fire detection device. Long corridors should be sub-divided by doors and partitions which are effectively smoke stopping to prevent the spread of fire or smoke, and to prevent the entire route becoming unusable. The partitions must be installed from the floor to the true ceiling of the building (through cosmetic false ceilings). All pipe holes or ducting passing through compartment and/or fire resisting walls, floors and ceilings etc. should be suitably fire stopped using materials which provide a minimum of 30 minutes fire resistance. Lifts All lifts should be fitted with signs at the lift entrance on each floor level, indicating: No Smoking. No Unaccompanied Children. Do Not Use In Case Of Fire. Lifts that are 3 sided should display notices stating 'Danger 3 Sided Lift Keep Clear of the Moving Wall when Lift is in Motion'. The signs should be placed inside the lift and on each floor adjacent to the lift. There should be a means of raising the alarm, inside the lift, that can be used to call for help in the event of an emergency. A procedure should be in place to release persons who become trapped in lifts due to defects or power failure. Lifts should be serviced on a regular basis. Service doors should be locked at all times when not in use. Safety policy A safety policy should be prepared which includes appropriate information to ensure that the property is operated safely. This policy should include: Fire (i.e. action in case of fire, specific fire prevention routine duties relating to the premises, staff training and maintenance of equipment). Power failure (i.e. action in case of power failure, back up power supplies, location of torches etc). Security incidents (i.e. action in the event of an incident, and designated responsibilities etc). Natural disaster (i.e. action in the event of a natural disaster). Persons with reduced mobility (i.e. who is responsible for ensuring their welfare in the event of any emergency). Training All staff (including owner-occupiers and family members) should be trained to ensure that they are capable of implementing the safety plan for the premises. A record of the training should be retained (details including the names of each participant, the date, subject matters covered and training provider should be documented). BUILDING TYPE FOUR Means of escape Generally at least two separate stairways are required. Persons should not have to travel more than 35m to reach a place of safety, that is the open air or a protected stairway. All escape routes including corridors, stairways and routes through bars, restaurants and entertainment areas should be unobstructed at all times to ensure that the full width of the route is available at all times. Any doors across escape routes should be easy to open without the use of a key at all times. Doors should open in the direction of escape. Some doors may be required to have panic bolt type fastenings fitted. Stairways should discharge directly to open air at ground level, not through another building or room. Entrance doors to rooms and apartments should be easy to open from the inside at all times. All final exit doors should be unobstructed. Where obstruction is likely through car parking, storage, external planting etc precautions should be taken to ensure that obstruction does not occur. There must be no openings from high-risk rooms onto the stairway i.e. from boiler rooms, kitchens etc. Handrails should be provided on all stairways (internal and external) to assist guests when descending the stairs. Where the width of the stairway is 1.2m or greater, handrails should be provided on both sides.

Fire warning A fire alarm system to a recognised standard should be provided. This should include: Fire call points should be provided adjacent to each storey exit on each floor level and fire exits to the outside. Furthermore, fire call points should be provided so that guests and staff do not have to travel more than 30m to activate the alarm. Sounders of a common type capable of achieving an audibility of at least 75db at all bed heads and 65db in all other areas. A zoned panel should be provided in a location (usually reception) so that it can be monitored by staff at all times. Stand by battery backup facility and charger. Suitable automatic fire detection (AFD) linked to the fire alarm system in such a way that any actuation of a fire detector will automatically sound the fire alarm, should be provided in all: Enclosed stairways. Enclosed corridors. Risk rooms. Main public areas. Voids. Rooms and Apartments. Domestic type smoke alarm (preferably mains powered with battery backup) to be provided in apartments or rooms with cooking facilities, if there is no smoke detection linked to the fire alarm within that room. To avoid false alarms these should be sited in a suitable location away from the immediate vicinity of the cooking area. All smoke detectors should be vacuumed to remove dust from the sensors twice a year. A competent company should be contracted to fully service the fire alarm system on an annual basis and conduct routine inspections every 6 months. The details of which should be recorded in the fire log. The fire alarm system should be tested on a regular basis to ensure it is operating correctly and details of any corrective action should be recorded together with the test results in the fire log. A separate fire call point should be used on each test. At least 2 evacuation drills (1 day and 1 night) should be carried out each year and details recorded in the fire log. Signs and notices All escape routes to emergency exits should be signed using pictogram type signs, throughout the length of the route. Signs should include directional arrows where appropriate and be placed in conspicuous positions so that they are clearly visible. All final exit doors except the main entrance should be marked with a sign stating "Exit" to indicate that it is an emergency exit. The sign should be positioned either directly above the exit or adjacent to it. A notice indicating the action in case of fire, route plan, description of the fire alarm (including means of raising the alarm), assembly point details and action to take when an alarm is sounded should be provided: On the back of all bedroom / apartment doors. In all corridors. Public Areas. In the reception area. The notice should be relevant to the specific room in which it is placed. In European Union member states there will be a requirement for signs to be provided in accordance with the current EC Directive on signs and notices. Fire fighting equipment A wall mounted fire blanket should be provided where cooking is permitted. They should be sited in a location which is readily accessible at all times. General-purpose fire extinguishers of a suitable size within easy reach of individual rooms or apartments should be provided (25m intervals). Extinguishers should be cited adjacent to storey exits, wall mounted and with the handle or other carrying device approximately 1m from the floor. Risk rooms should be provided with suitable fire fighting equipment. This should include a fire blanket in the kitchen. All fire fighting equipment should be serviced according to the manufacturers instructions. If not available then at least annually. The results of service and any corrective action taken should be recorded in the fire log. Emergency lighting In addition to the normal lighting, an emergency lighting system consisting of self-contained units, trickle-charged by the mains electrical supply and designed to operate on the failure of each individual local lighting sub-circuit for at least 3 hours, should be provided in the following locations: All corridors. All stairways. Public areas. Secluded paths. Emergency Escape Routes. Exits. Electrical Switch Rooms. All emergency lighting should be serviced annually by a competent person and details of any corrective action taken should be recorded together with test results in a fire log. Risk rooms Risk rooms include: Boiler rooms. Laundry. Electrical Switch Rooms. Cleaner Stores. Kitchens. Basement storage. Workshops. All risk rooms should be separated from the accommodation by construction, which provides a minimum of 60 minutes fire resistance. Fire doors which are self closing and offer 60 minutes fire resistance should be provided to the following risk rooms: Kitchen. Laundry. Boiler Room. Electrical Switch Rooms. Cleaner Stores.

10

Fire separation All stairways should be separated from the remainder of the building with materials providing at least 60 minutes fire resistance. Risk rooms should be separated from the accommodation areas by construction providing a minimum of 60 minutes fire resistance. This should include any doors, windows etc. Compartment walls and screens should be continuous from floor to true ceiling level. Partitions must be installed from the floor to the true ceiling of the building (through cosmetic false ceilings). All pipe holes or ducting passing through compartment and/or fire resisting walls, floors and ceilings etc. should be suitably fire stopped (using materials which provide a minimum of 30 minutes fire resistance). Lifts All lifts should be fitted with signs, at the lift entrance on each floor level, indicating: No Smoking. No Unaccompanied Children. Do Not Use In Case Of Fire. Lifts that are 3 sided should display notices stating 'Danger 3 Sided Lift Keep Clear of the Moving Wall when Lift is in motion'. The signs should be placed inside the lift and on each floor adjacent to the lift. There should be a means of raising the alarm inside the lift that can be used to call for help in the event of an emergency. - Lifts should be serviced on a regular basis. - Service doors should be locked at all times when not in use. - A procedure should be in place to release persons who become trapped in lifts due to defects or power failure. Safety policy A safety policy should be prepared which includes appropriate information to ensure that the property is operated safely. This policy should include: Fire (i.e. action in case of fire, specific fire prevention routine duties relating to the premises, staff training and maintenance of equipment). Power failure (i.e. action in case of power failure, back up power supplies, location of torches etc). Security incidents (i.e. action in the event of an incident, and designated responsibilities etc). Natural disaster (i.e. action in the event of a natural disaster). Persons with reduced mobility (i.e. who is responsible for ensuring their welfare in the event of any emergency). Training All staff, (including owner-occupiers and family members), should be trained to ensure that they could implement the safety plan for the premises. A record of the training should be retained (details including the names of each participant, the date, subject matters covered and training provider should be documented). BUILDING TYPE FIVE Means of escape Generally at least two separate stairways are required which are accessed via doors which are self closing and effectively smoke stopping having a minimum fire resistance of 30 minutes at every level. Persons should not have to travel more than 35m to reach a place of safety, that is the open air or a protected stairway. Dead end corridors should be less than 10m. All escape routes should be free from combustible materials such as furnishings etc. All escape routes including corridors, stairways and routes through bars, restaurants and entertainment areas should be unobstructed at all times to ensure that the full width of the route is available at all times. Any doors across escape routes should be easy to open without the use of a key at all times. Doors should open in the direction of escape. Some doors may be required to have panic bolt type fastenings fitted. Where double doors are used, a selector device may be necessary to ensure that doors close in the correct order. All emergency stairways should discharge directly to open air at ground level, not through another building or room. Entrance doors to rooms and apartments should be easy to open from the inside at all times. All final exit doors should be unobstructed. Where obstruction is likely through car parking, storage, external planting etc. precautions should be taken to ensure that obstruction does not occur. There must be no openings from high-risk rooms onto the stairway i.e. from boiler rooms, kitchens etc. Once a person has entered an external escape route, they should be able to complete their escape without having to re-enter the building or to pass through any other building or room. Handrails should be provided on all stairways (internal and external) to assist guests when descending the stairs. Where the width of the stairway is 1.2m or greater, hand rails should be provided on both sides. Fire warning A fire alarm system to a recognised standard should be provided. This should include: Fire call points should be provided adjacent to each storey exit on each floor level and fire exits to the outside. Furthermore, fire call points should be provided so that guests and staff do not have to travel more than 30m to activate the alarm. Sounders of a common type capable of achieving an audibility of at least 75db at all bed heads and 65db in all other areas. A zoned panel should be provided in a location (usually reception) so that it can be monitored by staff at all times. Stand by battery backup facility and charger. Suitable automatic fire detection (AFD) linked to the fire alarm system in such a way that any actuation of a fire detector will automatically sound the fire alarm, should be provided in all: Enclosed stairways. Enclosed corridors. Risk rooms. Main public areas. Voids. Rooms and Apartments. Domestic type smoke alarm (preferably mains powered with battery backup to be provided) in apartments or rooms with cooking facilities, if there is no smoke detection linked to the fire alarm within that room. To avoid false alarms these should be sited in a suitable location away from the immediate vicinity of the cooking area. All smoke detectors should be vacuumed to remove dust from sensors twice a year. A competent company should be contracted to fully service the fire alarm system on an annual basis and conduct routine inspections every 6 months. The details of which should be recorded in the fire log.

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The fire alarm system should be tested on a regular basis to ensure it is operating correctly and details of any corrective action should be recorded together with the test results in the fire log. A separate fire call point should be used on each test. At least 2 evacuation drills (1 day and 1 night) should be carried out each year and details recorded in the fire log. Fire fighting equipment A wall mounted fire blanket should be provided where cooking is permitted. They should be cited in a location which is readily accessible at all times. General-purpose fire extinguishers of a suitable size within easy reach of individual rooms and apartments should be provided (25m intervals). Extinguishers should be sited adjacent to storey exits, wall mounted and with the handle or other carrying device approximately 1m from the floor. All fire fighting equipment should be serviced according to the manufacturers instructions. If not available then at least annually. The results of service and any corrective action taken should be recorded in the fire log. Signs and notices All escape routes to emergency exits should be signed using pictogram type signs, throughout the length of the route. Signs should include directional arrows where appropriate and be placed in conspicuous positions so that they are clearly visible. All final exit doors except the main entrance should be marked with a sign stating "Exit" to indicate that it is an emergency exit. The sign should be positioned either directly above the exit or adjacent to it. A notice indicating the action in case of fire, route plan, description of the fire alarm (including means of raising the alarm), assembly point details and action to take when an alarm is sounded should be provided: On the back of all bedroom / apartment doors. In all corridors. Public Areas. In the reception area. The notice should be relevant to the specific room in which it is placed. In European Union member states there will be a requirement for signs to be provided in accordance with the current EC Directive on signs and notices. Emergency lighting In addition to the normal lighting, an emergency lighting system consisting of self-contained units, trickle-charged by the mains electrical supply and designed to operate on the failure of each individual local lighting sub-circuit for at least 3 hours, should be provided in the following locations: All corridors. All stairways. Public areas. Secluded paths. Emergency Escape Routes. Exits. Electrical Switch Rooms. All emergency lighting should be serviced annually by a competent person and details of any corrective action taken should be recorded together with test results and a fire log. Risk rooms Risk rooms include: Boiler rooms. Laundry. Electrical Switch Rooms. Cleaner Stores. Kitchens. Basement storage. Workshops. All risk rooms should be separated from the accommodation by construction, which provides a minimum of 60 minutes fire resistance. Fire doors which are self closing and offer 60 minutes fire resistance should be provided to the following risk rooms: Kitchen. Laundry. Boiler Room. Electrical Switch Rooms. Cleaner Stores. Fire separation All stairways should be separated from the remainder of the building with materials having at least 60 minutes fire resistance. All doors to stairways should provide at least 30 minutes fire resistance, be self-closing and effectively smoke stopping. Risk rooms should be separated from accommodation areas by construction providing a minimum of 60 minutes fire resistance. This should include any doors, windows etc. Doors to stairways should only be held open by approved devices linked to the fire alarm. The doors should close immediately upon the actuation of any alarm call point or automatic fire detection device. Long corridors should be sub-divided by doors and partitions which are effectively smoke stopping to prevent the spread of fire or smoke, and to prevent the entire route becoming unusable. The partitions must be installed from the floor to the true ceiling of the building (through cosmetic false ceilings). All pipe holes or ducting passing through compartment and/or fire resisting walls, floors and ceilings etc. should be suitably fire stopped, using materials which provide a minimum of 30 minutes fire resistance. Where accommodation includes an atrium, a fully fire engineered ventilation system is likely to be required. Specialist advice should be sought for this. Lifts All lifts should be fitted with signs, at the lift entrance on each floor level, indicating: No Smoking. No Unaccompanied Children. Do Not Use In Case Of Fire. Lifts that are 3 sided should display notices stating 'Danger 3 Sided Lift Keep Clear of the Moving Wall when Lift is in motion'. The signs should be placed inside the lift and on each floor adjacent to the lift. There should be a means of raising the alarm inside the lift that can be used to call for help in the event of an emergency. Lift should be serviced on a regular basis. Service doors should be locked at all times when not in use. A procedure should be in place to release persons who become trapped in lifts due to defects or power failure.

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Safety Policy A safety policy should be prepared which includes appropriate information to ensure that the property is operated safely. This policy should include: Fire (i.e. action in case of fire, specific fire prevention routine duties relating to the premises, staff training and maintenance of equipment). Power failure (i.e. action in case of power failure, back up power supplies, location of torches etc). Security incidents (i.e. action in the event of an incident, and designated responsibilities etc). Natural disaster (i.e. action in the event of a natural disaster). Persons with reduced mobility (i.e. who is responsible for ensuring their welfare in the event of any emergency). Training All staff (including owner-occupiers and family members) should be trained to ensure that they could implement the safety plan for the premises. A record of the training should be retained (details including the names of each participant, the date, subject matters covered and training provider should be documented). In larger hotels this should also include the training of fire wardens and staff with specific emergency responsibilities. Notes for Guidance Many factors have been taken into account when determining these guidelines, such as the type of construction, age of the property and the passive and active fire protection measures afforded to the building in question. It is not possible to set rigid criteria for individual elements as certain compensatory features may well prove as or more effective, in securing a reasonable standard. For example, sophisticated and reliable automatic fire detection systems (or automatic sprinklers) may in certain circumstances overcome the difficulties caused by say, excessive travel distances. Moreover, as all units should be inspected on a full risk assessment basis, an overall judgement of the property will be arrived at, balancing any adverse features against suitable compensatory measures which are either present at the time or can be built in to improve the situation. Such specialist assessments are best undertaken by qualified fire and safety consultants. Nevertheless, the following guidelines may prove useful in establishing basic requirements and draw the consultants towards a series of expectations from which an overall assessment can be made. In the following text, variations from the preferred requirements are clearly highlighted as compensatory features for consideration, provided the factors referred to have been taken into account and the level of risk exposure remains within an acceptable limit. The list itself only outlines the more common features; where other measures are considered, these will need to be explained by the consultant. It is also envisaged that for more serious detractions, a combination of compensatory features will be called upon rather than a single or stand-alone element. Means of escape This is perhaps the most essential element when determining the suitability, or otherwise of a property. It comprises of many individual components and the major items are outlined below. Stairways Normally, any building having more than three floors above the ground should be provided with more than one stairway available for use by guests in the event of fire. However, a single stairway may be acceptable for buildings with several floors beyond this level. Basic acceptance standard Ground plus three upper floors single stairway acceptable. Buildings exceeding this level would normally require more than one stairway. Variation compensatory features Low fire loading minimal/furniture, fixtures etc. Non combustible surface coverings. Elements of structure providing high levels of fire resistance. Permanently ventilated corridors and/or stairways. Double door protection to single stairway. Pressurised or mechanically ventilated stairway. Basic acceptance standard In old buildings and particularly those in city destinations, the opportunity to erect external (or internal) stairways may not exist either because of Planning/Heritage restrictions, or lack of useable space. It is these buildings in particular to which the variations maybe considered. Variation compensatory features Short travel distances to stairway. Minimal risk at ground floor level. Automatic fire detection. 24 hour reception. Responsible attitude by management towards fire safety training, Housekeeping etc. Stairway protection Open stairways provide a readily accessible route for fire and the products of combustion to spread in a naturally upward direction. It is therefore preferential that each stairway should be enclosed at all upper levels. Emergency stairs designed solely for use in evacuation should be enclosed throughout their height. In many circumstances, however, and particularly in the case of low-rise or low-risk buildings, this may not be practical and thus the following may apply: Basic acceptance standard Stairways in buildings having more than two floors above the ground level should be enclosed to a minimum of 30 minute fire resistance. Variation compensatory features Permanently ventilated corridors and stairways. Suitable by-pass arrangements around open stairways. Full cover Automatic Fire Detection System. Basic acceptance standard Access doors to stairways should afford the same degree of fire resistance opening in the direction of escape and be self-closing with appropriate signage. Variation compensatory features No dead end conditions i.e. alternative escape routes available. Lobby approaches to bedrooms/apt. Low fire loading throughout.

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Travel Distances Modern newly built hotels or buildings which have been substantially altered, would normally benefit from the application of the host countrys latest building standards, which in most cases impose restrictions on travel distances to storey and final exits. Unfortunately, these regulations are not always retrospective in effect and in some instances exclude buildings of a certain category, age or grant exemptions for buildings of, say, historical importance. Basic acceptance standard Dead end travel distances should not normally exceed 20m. Variations compensating features Corridor sub-division. Automatic fire detection. Mechanical Smoke Extraction/Ventilation. Low fire loading in corridors. Low surface spread of flame characteristics. Bedroom doors fire resisting and self closing. Fire extinguishers should be checked regularly by maintenance staff and serviced by a competent engineer annually. Basic acceptance standard Should the hotel have two or more stairways, the distance to be covered from any point on an escape route to reach one of them should not normally exceed 35m. Variations compensating features Corridor sub-division. Automatic fire detection. Mechanical Smoke Extraction/Ventilation. Low fire loading in corridors. Low surface spread of flame characteristics. Bedroom doors fire resisting and self closing. Securing the means of escape This section covers the measures necessary to ensure that the exit routes can be readily identified and used without difficulty. High Risk Areas Although more of a fire separation issue than means of escape, the protection of high risk rooms and areas must be considered as experience has shown that it is in these areas that fires commonly occur. Protecting or separating these rooms/areas should as a consequence aid to the securing of the means of escape and apart from being good practice, would normally be seen as essential in most buildings. Basic acceptance standard Basement levels should normally be separated from the upper levels by an adequate degree of fire resisting construction, particularly in a single stairway building. Variations compensating features No risk at basement level (e.g. WCs only). Basement access will not affect means of escape. Basic acceptance standard Doors to risk rooms (stores, cupboards etc.) and service ducts, should be fire resisting at least to a 30 minute standard. Self-closing devices should be fitted or doors should be kept locked shut. Variations compensating features Risk rooms have external access. Risk rooms confined to a fire separated area. Exit signage & fire instructions It is relatively simple to provide sufficient Exit and directional signage to direct guests towards the escape routes and indeed becomes an important feature in large or complex buildings where those routes may not be obvious. In some cases illuminated signs powered by the emergency lighting system may be required and this should be borne in mind when considering each risk on its merits. Basic acceptance standards Directional signs should indicate final and storey exits and their associated routes, preferably signs should be of the Running Man type. Variations compensating features Local standard signage maybe acceptable. Basic acceptance standards High-risk public areas such as discotheques and densely populated rooms require special consideration. Variations compensating features Small public rooms of low risk. Basic acceptance standards Action in case of fire notices should be provided in apartments/bedrooms, corridors*, public areas and at reception. *In corridors at two floors and over. Variations compensating features Minimal public areas. Short corridors. Emergency lighting Sometimes used in conjunction with Exit and directional signs emergency lighting should provide for adequate illumination of escape routes in the event of mains electrical failure.

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Basic acceptance standard All hotels and apartment blocks should have adequate emergency lighting, which comes into operation automatically when the principal lighting fails to last a minimum of four hours. Note: Areas of public entertainment etc. require special consideration. Variations compensating features Small villas and bungalows. Guaranteed permanent supplies. Giving warning in case of fire Giving warning in case of fire is perhaps the most fundamental aspect of active fire protection and essential in most larger hotels, blocks etc. This should allow for the quick alerting and evacuation of guests. Fire alarms Wherever possible, automatic fire detection should compliment an electrical fire alarm and will in many cases compensate for deficiencies in other areas. This compensation is by virtue of a fire alarm being able (if properly maintained) to detect a fire in the very early stages, sound the alarm automatically and provide the maximum amount of time for evacuation. Basic acceptance standard All hotels to have an electrical fire alarm system conforming to a recognised standard. Variation compensating features Hotels No variation. Small properties less than 20 guests. Basic acceptance standard Small properties to have a reliable means of raising the alarm. All apartments to have domestic type detectors apartment block to have some form of fire alarm. Variation compensating features Small apartment blocks where access to each apartment is gained from the outside. Fire fighting equipment All properties, regardless of size, must have adequate means for dealing with fire in its initial stages. The type of equipment will depend on the size and type of building. In this respect it is important to note that portable fire appliances and hose reels etc. are primarily designed for use by trained staff, not by guests. It follows, therefore, that adequate staff training must be in place to maximise the efficiency of such equipment. Basic acceptance standard Emergency fire fighting equipment suitable for the risk should be located on each floor level at intervals of 25m and/or close to areas of particular risk. Variation compensating features Reduced numbers may be allowed dependent on size. Basic acceptance standard Apartment blocks minimum Dry powder in corridors and risk areas plus fire blanket in kitchen. Variation compensating features Reduced numbers may be allowed dependent on size. In exceptional circumstances e.g. continual vandalism, special measures may be necessary. The purpose of this document is to assist suppliers in conducting regular fire alarm testing and to define the reporting procedure for notifying tour operators that the tests have been carried out. These are only good-practice guidelines which can be amended to suit the type of properties and facilities that are available. The testing of the fire alarm is an essential part of the health & safety management programme of any business. It is reassuring for staff and customers to know that fire alarm tests are undertaken on a regular basis. It is good practice to test the alarm at the same time and day each week to ensure customers and staff are given the opportunity to hear the alarm. As a minimum the fire alarm should be tested at the same time and day once a month. As a responsible supplier it is essential that you define the exact fire alarm testing procedure that will apply to your business. This procedure should include who is responsible for the tests, the method of recording the results and the action to take if the fire alarm does not sound during the tests. It should also specify how customers will be advised of the test. This procedure should be documented and all staff working for your business should be trained in the procedure. Suggested procedure: - At the start of each season, you should provide the tour operators with details of what the fire alarm testing procedure will be. This must include information such as what day, at what time and the frequency, i.e. weekly, bi-weekly, or monthly the fire alarm test will be conducted at the premises. See fire alarm testing procedure in templates section of this code. - Ensure that all staff working at the premises are trained in the fire alarm testing procedure. They should be fully briefed as to who is responsible for conducting the fire alarm tests, and on what day, at what time and the frequency, i.e. weekly, bi-weekly, monthly the fire alarm test will be conducted in the premises and where the results will be documented. They should also be fully briefed on the action to take if during the fire alarm test the alarm is inaudible. - Communicate to all customers that the fire alarm test will take place, both the evening before and on the morning of the test. A note on the premises information board is advisable, but a more practical solution may be to provide free-standing notices placed at reception and at the entrance to dining facilities. See customer fire alarm testing notice in templates section of this code. - On the day and time specified, the fire alarm test should be carried out. This should be actioned by using a different fire alarm call point each time a test is conducted, not by pressing the test button on the alarm panel. When the alarm is activated it is only required for a short period of time to ensure that the system is functioning correctly. During the test you should: Assign staff around different parts of the building. It is suggested that you should try to place a member of staff as far away from the sounders/bells to ensure that the alarm can be heard when it is activated. (Inside the furthest bedroom from the bell/sounder is good place to allocate someone). In addition if other safety features, such as self closing doors, are linked to the fire alarm system, staff should be assigned to different corridors to monitor that they close upon actuation of the fire alarm. Alarm Testing Guidelines Ideally the alarm should be audible to a level of 75 decibels at the bed head. Without the correct measuring devices it is difficult to determine this, however, if the alarm is inoperable or a member of staff or customer struggles to hear the alarm action must be taken to rectify this. See important information fire alarm sheet in templates section of this code. All test results together with any associated issues and actions taken should be documented. See fire alarm test record sheet in templates section of this code.

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- The results of the test should be available to the tour operators on request, FTO members may appoint one tour operator, to receive the results on an ad-hoc regular basis and share the results with the other members. - The tour operator reserves the right to be present without notice at any of the fire alarm tests to verify that the tests are taking place in accordance with the premises procedure. Air conditioning/heating/ventilation Air-conditioning systems should be fitted with a general shut-off device in an easily accessible and clearly marked position. Fire dampers A general shut off device fitted to the ventilation system in an easily accessible and clearly marked position to reduce the spread of smoke from area to area. Building design and layout Atrium An atrium is a central; often glass roofed hall that extends through several storeys. An atrium creates a high fire risk due to the number of rooms which could be affected by fire or smoke entering the atrium. A detailed review is required by a specialist as to how to make an atrium safer at the most economical cost.

Building construction The construction of a building with fire resisting materials to ensure fire and smoke does not spread vertically from one floor to another this includes ensuring penetrations such as service ducts and pipes are closely sealed and that air conditioning and other vents are fitted with fire dampers. Fire Safety Appendix Combustible materials The fabric and furnishings used in a premises are materials that will burn and are therefore referred to as combustible materials. There are various ways that you can reduce the risks caused by materials and substances which burn, for example: - Ensure combustible items are stored properly and are separate from potential ignition sources such as boilers. - Reduce the amount of combustible materials such as paper and plastics. Keep spare items in store rooms or storage areas where the public are not allowed to go. - Ensure staff are aware of potential fire hazards and have a policy in place to escalate issues identified. Escape routes All doors along escape routes should be unlocked and free to open at all times and wherever possible should be capable of being opened in the direction of travel. Final exit doors (fire exits) should not be locked other than by an approved locking mechanism such as a push-bar type fastening. Keys should not be used in final exit doors as these can be dropped during an emergency. All escape routes should independently lead into the street or, at least through a risk free area on ground floor level. All escape routes, including corridors, stairways and routes through bars, restaurants and entertainment areas should be unobstructed at all times to ensure that the full width of the route is available at all times. When checking emergency escape routes, from all levels (upper, ground and basement), you should follow the EXIT and directional signs to the exit. Go outside to make sure that the final exit doors open easily and that you can walk away from the building outside to a place of safety. Means of escape Stairways provide the only acceptable means of escape from upper floors of a building in the event of a fire. Slides, chutes, vertical ladders etc are not acceptable means of escape. Handrails should be provided. Where the width of the staircase is greater that 1.2 metres then handrails should be provided on both sides.

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Open ventilation The construction of corridors or stairways to permit the free-flow of air in order to rapidly and effectively disperse smoke. The ideal standard for the engineered smoke controlled system is to keep escape routes free from smoke for the evacuation period. Travel distance The maximum distance a customer should travel to reach a place of safety, that is the open air or a protected stairway, should be no more than 35m. Compartmentation/separation Magnetic release Also an electro-mechanical door holder or holding device. An electro-magnetic device which normally holds a door in the open position but which will allow it to close using a door closer upon activation of the fire alarm system or failure of the power supply. This must be linked to an automatic fire detection system. Doors should be tested regularly to ensure they shut correctly against the seals and to avoid door distortion.

Door closer A mechanism of ensuring a door closes unaided usually fitted between the top of the door and the doorframe. Corridor separation Corridors exceeding 30 metres should be sub divided by doors which are preferably fire resisting to prevent the spread of fire or smoke, and to prevent the entire route becoming unusable. The partitions must be installed from the floor to the true ceiling of the building, through cosmetic false ceilings. Emergency lighting A system of lights designed to operate upon failure of local and main power supplies, to ensure that routes are visible and usable in a fire. These may be self contained units, recognisable by a red indicator light on the unit or units incorporated within the normal artificial lighting system that are powered by a reliable secondary power supply. Emergency lighting units come in all shapes and sizes, if in doubt you should seek advice from a specialist supplier. The level of lighting required is very low, and is usually sufficient to show people the way out of a building. As a practical guide the level of lighting to be aimed for is that of a moonlit night.

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Fire doors A door providing resistance to the passage of fire and smoke and normally fitted with a self-closing device. In terms of fire door maintenance these should always be kept closed using door closers unless held-open using magnetic releases.

Multiple occupation Some holiday accommodation may only have some but not all floors of a building. Other businesses, such as shops, offices or residential accommodation may occupy the other parts of the building and this is known as multiple occupation. In this instance, some fire safety responsibilities may be outside of the control of the hotelier or may be shared with the other businesses. Staircases A sufficient number of staircases should be provided for occupants to be able to evacuate the premises to a place of safety. The number of staircases required is generally calculated by either the total number of people that can reside in the property or by the distance to be covered by the occupants to reach a staircase. For building types 3, 4 and 5 generally there should always be at least two separate stairways serving each building and no dead-end corridors over 10 metres in length. This is necessary so that if a fire occurs which prevents people escaping by way of one stairway, they can turn their back on a fire and escape by an alternative escape route. There are two types of staircases in a building. The main stairways which are those used by occupants on a day to day basis and emergency staircases which are not normally used by occupants but can be used in the event of an emergency. When considering which staircases can be used in an emergency some may be unsuitable, for example, if the stair case is too steep or it discharges out through a kitchen or other risk area. Bedrooms/apartments within staircase enclosures Any bedroom or apartment situated within the staircase enclosure should be fitted with 30 minute fire resisting doors that are self-closing. Emergency procedures The measures to be taken by staff and occupants in any emergency. Assembly points A designated area located away from the building where customers and staff would go to in the event of an evacuation. The assembly point should be in a safe location, but must not be in an area that may cause obstruction to attending emergency services or cause exposure to other risks. The designated assembly point(s) should be clearly marked on the emergency procedure notices contained on the back of the room doors or apartment entrances and fully understood by all staff. Evacuation procedures The purpose of an evacuation drill is to ensure that all staff are trained in the role they will play if a fire or incident should occur. A practice fire drill should be carried out at least once a year for day staff and once a year for night staff, simulating conditions in which one or more escape routes from the building are obstructed. During these drills a member of staff should operate the fire alarm and thereafter the fire routine should be rehearsed as fully a circumstances allow. Advanced notice should be given of the date and the time of the drills so that guests are fully informed. Staff emergency procedure Written instructions readily available and easily interpreted, which give vital, clear instructions and visual guidelines to personnel as to their required actions in an emergency these will include actions to be taken upon discovering a fire and on hearing the fire alarm. Staff should be trained in this procedure. Staff training Instruction both practical and visual in order for staff and management to utilise equipment if appropriate, and manage a smooth and safe evacuation of the premises for both customers and staff in the event of a fire or other related incident. See additional training schedule. Fire alarm system Fire alarm A means of giving warning to building occupants that a fire incident is in progress and requiring that they act in a manner which will secure their safety normally an audible sound which people will associate with an emergency. With the exception of the simplest manual systems, each fire alarm will consist of these main elements: Alarm call point Control panel Sounders Battery Back-Up

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Fire alarm call points A means of activating the alarm. All automatic fire alarms should have manual call points. The most common being a box on a wall that is normally red in colour with a break-glass or polycarbonate front plate. They should be located on exit routes, corridors, floor landings of staircases, adjacent to risk areas and at all exits. A person should not have to travel more than 30 metres from any position within the premises in order to sound the alarm. Some alarm systems also incorporate automatic fire detectors, which detect smoke or heat in the event of a fire.

Fire alarm control panel A means of identifying where/when a call point has been activated and indicates the building area that may be involved in a fire. The panel is normally located at or near the reception area. Some control panels are simple devices with a light that shows the system status, and possibly lights for each area or zone controlled by the panel. Others are very sophisticated with lights to show the status of the alarm, zone lights, pre-alarms, computerised print outs and in some cases an identification of each call point and detector head. The fire alarm control panel should be in a position where it can be monitored at all times. The information on the panel should be easy to understand.

Battery back-up The fire alarm control should incorporate a battery back up system, which powers the control panel in the event of a mains electrical failure. Sounders The minimum sound level of a sounder must be 65db above any background noise. In bedrooms a level of 75db at the bed-head should be attained in order to wake sleeping guests in their rooms should the alarm sound during the night. All sounders within a particular system should be the same. Bells, sirens, klaxons, or electronic warblers are all acceptable. There is not any specific sound that is required as long as all sounders make the same noise. The sounders should be loud enough and sufficiently located to ensure that they can be heard in all areas of the building above ambient noise. They should however make different noise to any other alarm being used within a building. Please see templates section for an example of fire alarm procedure and record sheet. Fire fighting equipment Fire suppression systems, hosereels, fire blankets, fire buckets, fire extinguishers and all other related facilities for use in fighting fire. Emergency fire fighting equipment is intended to fight the early outbreak of a fire.

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Extinguishers Fire extinguishers should be in place throughout all buildings. Their location should be shown on the fire instruction notices which are displayed on the back of room or apartment doors, in the corridors, public areas and at reception. In ideal circumstances they should be sited every 25 metres and preferably located adjacent to storey exits and final exit doors. Extinguishers should be serviced annually by a competent engineer and records of the service and any corrective action taken recorded. Extinguishers should not be used by staff to hold doors in the open position. It is essential that regular checks are made of the extinguishers, as a minimum you should: - Look at any gauges to ensure that the extinguisher has not been discharged. If there are no gauges, you should pick up the extinguisher and feel the weight. When charged most extinguishers are quite heavy. If they feel light, it is likely that it has been discharged and is empty. - Check that any seals or protective pins are in place. - Make sure that the test date is marked on the extinguisher and that it has been tested within the last 12 months. - Check that the correct extinguishers are available for use. (See below) There are a number of different extinguishers for the various fire types as follows: - Water suitable for class A fires involving ordinary combustible materials such as wood, cloth and paper. - Foam suitable for class B fires involving flammable liquids, or liquefiable solids such as petrol, paraffin, paints, grease and fats. - Powder (multi purpose) suitable for class A and class B involving ordinary combustible materials such as wood, cloth and paper and/or those involving flammable liquids, or liquefiable solids such as petrol, paraffin, paints, grease and fats. - Carbon dioxide suitable for class B fires involving flammable liquids, or liquefiable solids such as petrol, paraffin, paints, grease, fats and electrical fires. Fire blanket A facility that should be provided within hotel kitchens and within accommodation that features a kitchen or kitchenette for the customers use. There are two types of fire blanket, light duty which are suitable for dealing with small fires in containers of cooking fat and fires in clothing, and heavy duty for industrial use where there is a need for the blanket to resist penetration by molten materials. Hosereels Facilities including a water supply and length of hose or flexible tubing which may be used to assist in the extinguishing of fire. Hosereels should be sited in accessible locations and should not be used on live electrical equipment. Hosereels should be serviced annually by a competent engineer and records of the service and any corrective action taken recorded. Wet and dry risers Wet riser also known as a downcomer is a water pipe built in to the building, which is permanently charged with water, often from a tank in the roof or on a water supply connected to a fire pump. A dry riser is a water pipe built into the building, which has no water in it until it is charged, usually by the fire department on arrival at a fire in the building. Please see Templates section for example Log Sheets for Fire Fighting Equipment. Management responsibility Monitoring and recording of information such as training implemented, fire alarm testing, maintenance of equipment, evacuation drills and regular property inspections etc, to ensure due diligence can be proved in the event of an incident. Maintenance Regular and thorough inspections of all fire safety equipment, fire doors, corridors, escape routes and exits. Fire safety log book The recording of all checks carried out on a daily, weekly, monthly, annual basis. Fire safety records should be maintained and kept available for inspection or emergency use at all times. See fire safety log book example. Persons with reduced mobility People with disabilities, special requirements, people with learning or behavioural difficulties who may not for whatever reason be able to react to or undertake actions that would normally be expected of individuals unaided. In fire safety terms, this means people who may not hear or be able to recognise a fire alarm signal (e.g. hearing difficulties), read fire instruction notices (e.g. blind persons). Also people who may extraordinarily cause fire hazards to occur either maliciously or otherwise (e.g. people with behavioural difficulties), or whom may require specific and dedicated assistance to evacuate a premises in the event of an emergency, (e.g. people who are wheelchair bound or have walking difficulties). Signage It is essential that sufficient exit signage is provided throughout the property to ensure that in the event of emergency, customers and staff can quickly and efficiently evacuate the premises to an escape route without confusion. Signs should be in conspicuous positions, fully visible from the front door, around the property, right through to each room or apartment. Doors exiting on to a protected escape route or final exit route should be clearly signed with a Fire Exit sign above the door. Any door opening on to an escape route should have the appropriate sign on the door. All fire doors should have a sign Fire Door Keep Shut on both sides. If a fire door is held open on a magnetic door release unit operated by a fire detection system, then it should have a sign stating Automatic Fire Door Keep Clear Closed at Night. Any doors on escape routes that provide access to store rooms or cupboards should be clearly signed Fire Door Keep Locked Running man Clear notices at strategic locations in corridors and on escape routes, which give clear instructions to evacuees on the direction in which to travel.

20

Exit signs Signage should be placed clearly above, on or adjacent to exits from large rooms, storey and final exits, to clearly indicate a place of safety. The exit mechanism on final exit doors to the outside should be appropriately signed.

Lift signs Notices within and outside lifts stating guidance, mandatory and prohibitive information, such as No unaccompanied children, Do not use in fire evacuation, No smoking etc.

Safety instruction notices A clear sign containing information on the location of the rooms in relation to escape routes and other information such as a description of the fire alarm and assembly point details. See example in templates section of this code. Smoke & heat detection Automatic detection of fire, heat or smoke at an early stage, to ensure maximum time is available for a quick and smooth evacuation. Smoke detector A device for detecting the presence of smoke. They should be used in areas where steam, dust or fumes are not likely to be present, such as corridors, rooms and public areas.

21

Heat detector A device for detecting the presence of heat normally used in environments where a smoke detector would be inappropriate. Heat detectors should be used in areas where steam, dust or fumes are likely to be present, such as plant rooms, laundries and kitchens. They should not be used elsewhere as they take longer to activate than normal smoke detection. Detectors must be connected to a central panel. Whilst there are many different makes and models, they should be easily recognisable, such as the two control panel examples below: Battery operated domestic smoke detectors Individual battery operated units which provide local warning only; as a result they are not suitable for hotel and apartment complexes. They are suitable for single storey bungalows and chalets where it is not practical or possible to install a conventional automatic fire alarm/detection system. If domestic detectors are used, there are four elements that must be taken into consideration: - Siting to ensure that cooking fumes do not activate the detector. - Tampering anti tampering devices should be fitted to them. - Checking they must be tested weekly to ensure correct operation. - Battery change replace batteries on a common date each year. - Cleaning they should be vacuumed regularly to remove dust. Sprinklers Any means by which to provide the automatic suppression or control of fire, normally water sprinklers which activate when a fire breaks out in order to facilitate rapid extinguishment by emergency services personnel. Staff fire training It is the responsibility of the hotel manager to ensure that all staff are trained to deal with emergency situations. As part of this process it is imperative that all staff participate in fire training regularly. Staff training is an integral part of effective fire safety management; customers will be reliant on staff and their reactions during an emergency situation. All training provided must reflect the accommodations documented plan of action to take in an emergency. 1. Written staff fire procedures should include: The action to be taken upon discovering a fire. The action to be taken upon hearing the fire alarm. Raising the alarm, including the location of the alarm call points and fire indicator panel. Where the assembly point is located. The correct method of calling the fire brigade. The location and use of fire fighting equipment. Knowledge of escape routes, including any stairways not in regular use. Knowledge of the method of operation for any special escape door fastenings. Appreciation of the importance of fire doors and the need to close all doors at the time of a fire and upon hearing the fire alarm. Stopping machines and processes and isolating power supplies where appropriate e.g. gas or electric ovens in kitchens. The operation of escape doors that are not in regular use to ensure they function satisfactorily. The evacuation procedure of the accommodation. This will include avoiding the use of lifts, any special arrangements for physically challenged guests and staff, the checking of public areas, informing and reassuring guests, whilst directing them to exits and if appropriate checking the register of guests and staff at the assembly point. General fire precautions, safety practices and fire prevention. 2. Specific members of staff are to have written fire procedures covering their duties. These staff will include: Managers of Departments. Kitchen staff. Engineering & maintenance staff. Security staff. Receptionists. Bar & waiting staff. 3. Staff training should be carried out at least twice a year for day time staff and every three months for night staff. 4. The training should be based upon the written fire procedures as well as general fire preventative measures specific to the staff being trained. 5. Training should be specific to the particular premises. In larger hotels, managers should have a written action plan as part of the procedure used to train staff. The plan should recognise that many fires occur at night when the maximum number of guests will be in their rooms, but few staff are on duty. 6. Instruction should be given by a competent person and the following should be covered in each training session with, where possible, practical exercises. a. New staff should be shown the means of escape and be advised of the fire routine on the commencement of their employment. b. Occasional workers and others who work on the premises outside normal hours, such as cleaners and bar staff should be similarly instructed. c. If staff are employed, whose knowledge of the national language is limited, the training should be given in a manner which they can understand. 7. All training and instruction should be recorded in a fire logbook. The following are examples of what may be recorded: Date of the instruction or exercise. Duration. Name of the person giving the instruction. Names of the persons receiving the instruction. The nature of the instruction, training or drill/exercise. 8. The fire logbook records should be retained for a minimum period of three years. The logbook contains important information and should be kept in a safe place, but be available for inspection by the fire brigade, insurance assessors, local authorities and tour operators. 9. The purpose of a fire drill is to ensure that staff are trained in the role they would play if a fire should occur.

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A practice fire drill should be carried out at least once every six months, simulating conditions in which one or more escape routes from the building are obstructed. During these drills a member of staff should operate the fire alarm and thereafter the fire routine should be rehearsed as fully as circumstances allow. Advance notice should be given of the date and the time of the drill so that guests are fully informed. See templates section of this code for an example of staff training log sheet.

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SECTION 2 GENERAL SAFETY STANDARDS

1.0 GLASS
All full length glass doors or partitions should be identified with warning strips or stickers (e.g. the RCI logo) at both adult (1.5m) and child (0.8m) eye level to avoid accidental collision.

2.0

STAIRWAYS AND STEPS

Any stairway or set of 3 or more steps should have a handrail installed. Where steps are wider than 1.2 metres they should have handrails installed either side. Ideally any step up situation must be highlighted.

3.0
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

LIFTS
If the lifts are three sided with no internal doors which open and close automatically a notice must be placed indicating No unaccompanied children and Beware of the moving wall stand well back. the lift car should be at floor level when stopped. all lift cars should have the following safety signs posted outside each lift at each floor stating No smoking, No unaccompanied children, and Do not use lift in case of fire. all lift cars should have a stop control / alarm button.

3.0
1. 2. 3. 4.

BALCONIES
Balconies should be a minimum of 1 metre high. For new builds the balconies should be 1.10m in height. The balcony construction should not feature any step up allurements or be designed in such a way that a child could climb up. The balcony must be sturdy with no obvious defects. Any vertical or horizontal gaps between the balcony railings must be less than 10cm. If necessary, the resort must provide netting or Perspex as a temporary measure for balconies to cover gaps that are greater than 10cm.

4.0

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
Full written emergency procedures should be in place in all accommodation offered to RCI guests. Procedures should cover the following, although the list is not exhaustive: Fire evacuation Suspected outbreak of Legionnaires disease Suspected outbreak of food poisoning Adverse weather conditions (e.g. hurricanes, tornadoes) a full safety procedure should be in place Earthquakes, erupting volcanoes Civil or political unrest Bomb scares or explosions

A copy of the procedures should be available for inspection.

6.0
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

LEGIONNAIRES DISEASE GUIDELINES FOR RESORTS

Have one named person responsible for legionella control. Ensure the named person is trained in control of legionella and other staff are trained to be aware of the importance of their role in controlling legionella Keep hot water hot and circulating at all times: 50C - 60 (too hot to put hands into for more th an a few seconds) C Keep cold water cold at all times. It should be maintained at temperatures below 20C (this may no t be possible when the ambient temperature is high, but every effort should be made to ensure that cold water entering a property remains as cold as possible) Run all taps and showers in guest rooms for several minutes at least once a week if they are unoccupied and always prior to occupation. Keep shower heads and taps clean and free from scale Clean and disinfect cooling towers and associated pipes used in air conditioning systems regularly - at least twice a year Clean and disinfect water heaters (calorifiers) once a year Disinfect the hot water system with high level (50mg/l) chlorine for 2-4 hours after work on water heaters and before the beginning of every season Clean and disinfect all water filters regularly - every one to three months Inspect water storage tanks, cooling towers and visible pipe work monthly. Ensure that all coverings are intact and firmly in place Inspect the inside of cold water tanks at least once a year and disinfect with 50mg/l chlorine and clean if containing a deposit or otherwise dirty Ensure that system modifications or new installations do not create pipework with intermittent or no water flow If there is a spa pool (also known as whirlpool spas, "Jacuzzis", spa baths) ensure that: 1. It is continuously treated with 2-3mg/l chlorine or bromine and the levels are monitored at least three times a day 2. At least half of the water is replaced each day 3. Sand filters are backwashed daily 4. The whole system is cleaned and disinfected once a week 5. Daily records of all water treatment readings such as temperature and chlorine concentrations are kept and ensure they are checked regularly by the manager. Keep records to show effective control of the above points

15.

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7.0

DISABLED GUESTS
If the resort states that it is able to accommodate disabled guests, the following criteria should be followed: 1. 2. 3. 4. Disabled guests should be allocated units on the lower floors preferably near to the exits. Reception staff should keep a running log of the unit allocated for disabled guests to enable them to render or organise assistance in the case of an evacuation. Guests in wheelchairs must be able to gain access to all common areas e.g. restaurant, bar areas and swimming pool etc with the use of ramps. Stairways must have adequate handrails to assist disabled guests when using the stairways. In specially converted units, The width of the doorway will allow access to a guest in a wheelchair Bathroom to allow wheelchair access. Handrails to be placed along the bath side and lavatory. Emergency instructions and guest information in Braille. 5. The lift information and operation buttons to be written in Braille.

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SECTION 3 STANDARDS FOR CHILDRENS FACILITIES

1.0
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

PLAYGROUND AND EQUIPMENT

The playground should be located safely away from obvious dangers such as cliffs, roads and water. If this is not possible, the area should be fenced off. An impact absorbing surface is required under swings and structures used for climbing. Play equipment should be well constructed, sturdy and free from sharp edges and protrusions. Equipment should be adequately spaced i.e. for swings, slides and roundabouts there should be a 4 metre gap between items. The area should be regularly maintained and kept free from litter and debris.

2.0
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

CHILDRENS INDOOR FACILITIES

They should ideally be located at a lower floor level and closed off to prevent unauthorised access. Any low lying electric sockets should be covered with safety plugs. If sharp activity objects such as scissors are used, they must be stored securely, out of reach of the children. All tables and chairs should be well maintained and have no sharp edges or protrusions which could cause injury to a child. All full length glass doors or partitions should be identified with warning strips or stickers (e.g. the RCI logo) at both adult (1.5m) and child (0.8m) eye level to avoid accidental collision. If the room has a balcony, it should be a minimum of 1m high with gaps of no more than 10cm. If a new build the balcony heights should be 1.10m. The balcony construction should not feature any step up allurements or be designed in such a way that a child could climb up.

6. 7.

3.0
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

COTS
Cots should be clean, well constructed and stable. Cots with wheels should feature a locking device. If this is not possible, the wheels should be removed. Cot bars should be vertical and gaps should not exceed 10cm. The depth of the cot (measured from the top of the mattress to the top of the cot rail) should be 50cm or more. The mattress should be covered in PVC and fit snugly into the base of the cot. Ideally there should be no gaps between the mattress, the base and the sides of the cot.

4.0
1. 2. 3. 4.

HIGHCHAIRS
Highchairs should be of a robust construction, have no peeling paint, loose screws or sharp protruding objects. Highchairs without fixing points and a harness should not be used. Highchairs should not be fitted with wheels. If wheels are present, then wheel locking devices must be provided . All highchairs must be clean, sanitised and well maintained.

26

SECTION 4 SWIMMING POOL STANDARDS

The standards set out on the following pages aim to give advice on safety issues encountered at pools in resorts affiliated to RCI. In addition, advice is given on some simple / inexpensive measures that can be employed to help prevent accidents. As the configuration of every pool is different, specifications regarding the design of pool tanks and surrounds cannot be made here, despite the fundamental importance of good design for safety (see below).

1.

Design wherever possible, swimming pools should be designed and built with safety in mind, so that the problem associated with sudden changes of depth, diving allurements, underwater obstructions etc are not present in the first place. Gradients should be gentle, particularly from shallow areas. Where a sudden change of gradient does occur in water of 1.5m or less (i.e. from a depth of which guests would still be standing on the pool floor), the ideal solution is structural change. However, plentiful depth marks around the sudden change in depth area plus a bold line across the pool floor at the shelving point will help to alert users to the hazard. In addition, a buoyed line can be strung across the pool just on the shallow side of the change. Further warning of the hazard can be given by a sign on the poolside, at the point at which the depth changes. The signs should state Danger Deep Water or Danger Sudden drop. Depth marks should be clearly displayed at deep and shallow ends, as well as at points in between e.g. 0.9m, 1.2m, 1.5m, 1.8m, 2.1m. A depth marking at 1.5m is particularly important as this is the recommended minimum depth for safe poolside diving. Guests need this information to avoid diving into water that is too shallow. Depth markings should not be of a fancy or of an ornate design, which makes them difficult to read and understand. They must be prominent a minimum size would be approximately 10cm square. In addition, depth marks must indicate the actual depth of water, not the distance from the pool floor to the top of the pool surround. They must also be frequent, even if depths change gradually or when the pool is a constant depth. On some pools it will be possible to install depth marks on both the pool surround and the freeboard (the pool wall between the water surface and the pool surround).

2.

3.

4.

No Diving pictorial red / black white versions of diving prohibitions should be prominently displayed. No Diving from the poolside must be prohibited where the water is less than 1.5m deep and where forward clearance is less than 7.6 metres. No diving signage will need to be displayed at the pool itself. Avoid installation on curved surface. No signs should be installed behind glass as glare and reflections will make the sign difficult to see. These warnings can be reported as part of a general safety sign (see below). All no diving signs must be easily visible, with the prohibited areas obvious from whatever direction guests may approach the pool with a view to diving in. Signs should not be installed low down on walls, where sunbeds, chairs, tables etc will obscure the sign, or on movable items which will lead to confusion as to the location of the dangerous areas. Avoid positioning signs in such a way as to encourage guests to hang towels, costumes etc on them. Do not let the warning get lost in other information, about sunbeds for instance. Diving boards if a diving board exists, the depth of the water below the diving board should be 3.5 metres or more and this depth must extend forward for 5 metres with a total forward clearance distance of 9 metres. Raised diving features if the pool invites diving into shallow water from bridges, rocks, platforms or other raised positions, and additional small no diving sign should be clearly positioned on the feature itself.

5.

Childrens pools toddlers should not be able to gain easy access to the deeper water of the main pool from the childrens pools should ideally be sited at least 3m away from deeper water. Where the childrens pool is actually adjoining the main pool, or part of it, the childrens pool should be located near the shallowest part of the pool. A substantial barrier is needed between the two to keep youngsters safe. Any barrier must be impenetrable and unclimbable, which usually translates into vertical rains no more than 100mm apart, with an overall height of 800mm above the water level. Barriers should also extend around the sides of the childrens pool to provide extra containment. To encourage parents to supervise infants in the childrens pool, sunbeds / seating should be available for parents near the water. Small signs placed on sunshade umbrellas around the childrens pool stating Reserved for parents with children will also serve to encourage parental supervision. Childrens pools must not be hidden behind walls or hedges and if they are separate to the adults pool: The depth of the pool should be of a level that is suitable for children, a range from 0-60cm is appropriate. The depth of the childrens pool should be clearly indicated. The pool should be free from suction and entrapment possibilities.

6.

Safety notice / multiboard a good safety notice should be positioned so that it is seen as people enter the pool area. Hotels with large pools or several pools may need more than one. Information displayed should: Include the opening hours of the pool. A prohibition at night swimming. A reminder that parents must supervise their children and where to get help in an emergency. Additional information can include no diving instructions and advice not to swim immediately after eating or drinking. Emergency action information.

27

SAFETY AT THE POOL

CHECK POOL DEPTHS BEFORE ENTERING THE WATER DO NOT DIVE WHERE YOU SEE A NO DIVING AREA SIGN PARENTS, PLEASE SUPERVISE YOUR CHILDREN CLOSELY AT ALL TIMES DO NOT SWIM IMMEDIATELY AFTER EATING OR DRINKING POOL OPENING HOURS: 0800HRS 2000HRS DO NOT SWIM AT NIGHT NO LIFEGUARD ON DUTY IN AN EMERGENCY, CONTACT.

7.

Water quality / clarity it is vital that the pool floor is visible because it not only helps users to judge depth, but also means that a casualty on the bottom will be spotted immediately. Cloudy water is therefore particularly hazardous. The pool must not be allowed to become milky or opaque. Filter systems must be utilised to the full and the pool regularly cleared of litter and debris. Dark or patterned tiles on the floor can also be a problem and should be avoided. The basic rule if that the pool floor must always be visible, regardless of the pool depths. Supervisions / Rescue equipment lifeguard supervision will obviously enhance the safety of pool users, Whenever possible, properly trained and qualified lifeguards should be on duty when the pool is open. However, in their absence, there must be signage no lifeguard on duty. Lifebuoys or reach poles should be made available for use when assisting a swimmer in difficulties. Al rescue equipment must be sited in visible and easily accessible locations. Pool deck the poolside should be non slip and free from unhighlighted tripping hazards. There must be no poolside clutter and pedestrian routes around the pool must be wide and unobstructed by tables, chairs, sunbeds etc. The pool deck must be well maintained, with pool edges in good condition, with no lifting slabs, open grilles or poorly drained areas creating puddles.

8.

9.

10. Freeboard the freeboard (the distance between the pool deck and the surface of the water) should not be greater than approximately 30cm. High freeboards cause the problems because they obscure the view of the water (for supervising parents) and make it hard for children in particular, to climb out. The height also increases the angle of entry, making a dive from the poolside into 1.5m more hazardous. When high freeboard cannot be removed, extra care will be needed with regards to diving prohibitions and more frequent steps / ladders put in place to assist with egress from the water. 11. If considering building a bar to serve the pool area, it is suggested that it should be built at least 5 metres away from the pool. Drinks around the poolside should be served in non glass containers. Where a swim up bar is a feature of the pool, submerged bar stools should be clearly visible, have their leading edges highlighted and be in good condition. 12. Filter systems there must be two or more outlets for each section line of filter system so that if one become blocked, a potentially lethal vacuum cannot be created. Protective grilles must be firmly secured in place and regularly checked. Guests should not be able to tamper with grille fixings. There must be a cut off switch so that the filters can be turned off in an emergency. Staff must know where this switch is. 13. Pool plant room guests must not be able to access the pool plant room and filter machinery with the attendant hazards of chemicals, pumps, electricity systems etc. Doors / hatches / manholes leading to the pool plant room areas must be kept locked. 14. Lighting the pool must be lit at night so that guests can see the pool and therefore avoid the danger of falling in at a time when rescue is unlikely. 15. Cleanliness although cleanliness does not have a direct influence on safety, it can affect water clarity, slipping and tripping.

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STAFF FIRE TRAINING

Appendix 1
1. 2. 3. Staff fire training is one of the most important areas of fire safety within any resort which accommodates guests who may be asleep and therefore reliant upon staff reaction. The training should be based upon an agreed plan of action to take in the event of fire. Written staff fire procedures should include: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Action to be taken upon discovering the fire. The action to be taken upon hearing the fire alarm. Raising the alarm, including the location of the alarm call points and alarm indicator panels (where provided) or other system installed. The correct method of calling the fire brigade. The location and use of the fire fighting equipment in the property. Knowledge of escape routes, including any stairway not in regular use, and especially the means of ensuring safe escape. Knowledge of the method of operation of any special escape door fastenings. Appreciation of the importance of fire doors and the need to close all doors at the time of a fire and upon hearing the fire alarm. Stopping machines and processes and isolating power supplies where appropriate, e.g. gas or electric ovens in the kitchens. The operation of all escape doors, not in regular use, to ensure that they function satisfactorily. The evacuation procedure for the property. This will include avoiding the use of lifts, any special arrangements for physically disabled and sensory impaired staff and guests, the checking of public areas, informing and reassuring members of the public: directing or escorting them to exits and checking the register (if appropriate) of guests and staff at an assembly point. General fire precautions, fire prevention and fire safe practices.

4.

Specific members of staff are to have written fire procedures covering their duties. These staff include: Managers of departments Kitchen staff Engineering and maintenance staff Security staff Receptionists Bar and waiting staff

5. 6. 7.

Staff fire training should be carried out at least twice a year for day time staff and every three months for night staff. The training should be based upon the written fire procedures as well as general fire preventative measures specific to the staff being trained. Training should be specific to the particular premises. In larger properties, managers should have a written action plan as part of the procedure used to train staff. The plan should recognise that many life threatening fires occur at night when the majority of guests will be in their units but possible few staff will be on duty. Extra staff may need to be summoned. Instructions should be given by a competent person and the following subjects should be covered in ach training session with practical exercises, where possible. It is particularly important that all new staff (including those casually employed) should be shown the means of escape and told about the fire routine as soon as possible after they start work. There is also a need to ensure that occasional workers and others who work in the premises outside normal hours, such as cleaners and bar staff are similarly instructed. If staff are employed whose knowledge of the national language is limited, the training should be given in a manner which they can understand. The training and instruction given should be recorded in a Fire Log Book. The following are examples of matters which may need to be included in such a record: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Date of the instruction or exercise Duration Name of the person giving the instruction Names of the persons receiving he instruction The nature of the instruction, training or drill / exercise

8. 9.

10.

11. 12.

Fire Log Book records should be kept for a minimum period of three years. The logbook is so important it should be kept in a safe area but be available at all times for inspection by the Fire Brigade, Insurance Assessors, Departments of Tourism and Representatives of RCI Europe. Fire Drills. The purpose of a fire drill is to ensure that staff are trained in the role they would play if a fire should occur. A practice fire drill should be carried out at least once in every period of 6 months, simulation conditions in which one or more of the escape routes from the building is obstructed. During these drills, the fire alarm should be operated by a member of staff and thereafter the fire routine should be rehearsed as fully as circumstances allow. Advance notice should be given of the date and time of the drill so that guests are fully informed. In smaller properties, similar arrangements should be made to ensure staff know what to do.

29

THE FIRE SAFETY LOG BOOK

Appendix 2
The fire safety log book should be maintained by a nominated responsible member of the resort management team and always be kept in a specific place in the resort ready for immediate reference. The Fire Safety Log Book, if properly maintained and used, will ensure that the resorts fire protection and precaution arrangements are kept in first class working order, this demonstrating a very high level of care for the safety and well being of both guests and staff.

FIRE SAFETY LOG BOOK CONTENTS

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Log sheet for fire extinguishing equipment (extinguishers etc). Log sheets for hosereel equipment and / or hydrant outlets. Log sheet for fire alarm system (including automatic door releases where fitted). Log sheet for heat and smoke detectors (where installed). Log sheets for emergency lighting units. Record of fire instruction training and / or fire drills carried out. Guidance information on fire equipment test procedures and frequencies, fire instructions and fire drills.

NOTES
Where examinations or tests are carried out by external specialists, the Company Representative concerned should be asked to complete the relevant information in order to keep the Fie Log record intact and up to date. Documentary evidence of the tests should be kept with the Fire Log Book. The Fire Log Book should contain a simple plan showing the layout of the property and also an indication of designated Fire Assembly points. There should also be a section containing a copy of the guest fire instructions for both management and staff. Finally, a copy of the Fire Certificate for the property should also be included.

30

FIRE EXTINGUISHING EQUIPMENT

DATE LOCATION OR NUMBER INSPECTED/TESTED BY SATISFACTORY YES / NO ACTION TAKEN YES / NO FAULT CLEARED SIGNATURE

HOSE REEL EQUIPMENT

DATE LOCATION OR NUMBER SATISFACTORY YES / NO ACTION TAKEN FAULT CLEARED YES / NO SIGNATURE

FIRE ALARM SYSTEM

DATE FIRE ALARM NUMBER WORKING YES/NO AUTOMATIC DOOR RELEASES WORKING YES/NO FAULT DESCRIPTION ACTION TAKEN FAULT CLEARED YES/NO SIGNATURE

31

HEAT AND/OR SMOKE DETECTORS

DATE LOCATION OR NUMBER FAULT DESCRIPTION ACTION TAKEN FAULT CLEARED YES/NO SIGNATURE

EMERGENCY LIGHTING
DATE DURATION OF TEST RESULT OF TEST FAULT DESCRIPTION FAULT CLEARED YES/NO SIGNATURE

RECORD OF TRAINING AND/OR DRILLS CARRIED OUT

DATE PERSONS OR DEPARTMENT RECEIVING TRAINING DETAILS OF DRILL CARRIED OUT NUMBER OF PERSONS ATTENDING SIGNATURE OF FIRE SAFETY MANAGER

32

TEST PROCEDURES & FREQUENCIES

Should a fire certificate be in force for the property, the Certificate Schedules should be checked to ensure compliance with the requirements. All tests shown # should be recorded in the Fire Safety Log Book.

FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
For further information, see BS 5423 and the new European standard BS EN 3 # Monthly inspection to ensure that extinguishers are in their proper position and have not been discharged, or lost pressure (e.g. those fitted with a pressure indicator) or suffered obvious external damage etc. # Annual Inspection this inspection should be carried out by a competent and reputable Fire Extinguisher Maintenance Company. There should be a label on the extinguisher to denote the date the test was last carried out and the protected property Management should have documentary evidence from the Extinguisher Maintenance Company listing all extinguishers covered by the inspection. There are new tougher testing standards included in BS EN3 including a crush test and more demanding high and low temperature operating test.

HOSE REELS
For further information, see BS 5306: Part 1:1976 Regular inspections need to be made for leaks and correct operation. #Annual Test the hose should be completely run out and subjected to operational water pressure to ensure that the hose is in good condition, and that all coupling are water tight. A flow test should be carried to ensure that a discharge of at least 30 litres per minute is achieved.

FIRE ALARM
For further information, see BS 5839 : Part 1 : 2nd Edition 1996 It is important that the operation of testing the alarm does not result in a false alarm being conveyed to the local fire brigade. It is recommended that the Fire Alarm Systems are tested at least weekly (on a specific day of the week and at a specific time so that everyone knows). Staff should be warned of such tests and asked to notify any failure in their floor area etc. # Daily: The main indicator panel should be examined to ensure that the system shows a normal situation. Where provided, check that the remote manned centre is functioning correctly. Record any defects in he log book and report them to a responsible person. # Weekly: (a) A test should be carried out by the operation of either a break glass call point or smoke detector to test the system. A different call point or detector should be used each time in rotation). (b) the batteries should be examined and the electrolyte levels checked, as well as the terminal connections. # Quarterly and Annually: These tests should be carried out by a competent firm of fire engineers.

FIRE DETECTORS
For further information, see BS 5839: 2nd edition 1996. Regular visual inspection of detectors for damage, unusual accumulations of dirt, heavy coats of paint and other conditions likely to interfere with the operation of the detector. # Annual test: At least 2% of installed heat detectors should be tested by the application of a heat source such as a check on reliability. Detectors other than heat should be checked for correct operation and sensitivity in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.

AUTOMATIC DOOR RELEASES CONNECTED TO FIRE ALARM SYSTEMS

Weekly: In conjunction with the fire alarm test, check that all self closing Fire and Smoke Stop doors are being released and closing on to the door rebates. Frequently, doors will be found to have become warped or foul the floor. The best system with automatic door releases, is to operate them just after midnight and have the doors closed until 0600 hrs the following morning. This ensures the doors are closed at the most vital time and also ensures that they work regularly.

EMERGENCY LIGHTING

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For further information, see BS 5266: Part 1: 1988 Because of possible failure, all tests should be taken at times of least risk. Regularly inspect the lighting units (luminaires) for cleanliness. Central systems using banks and generators should be regularly checked by a firm of competent emergency lighting engineers.

FIRE INSTRUCTIONS
# At intervals shown below, instructions should be given in respect of the action, purpose, of the following: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) Discovering a fire Hearing the fire alarm The fire assembly point Calling the fire brigade Making safe power supplies etc Use of fire alarms and fire extinguishers Means of escape routes Good housekeeping and fire prevention First month of employment two instruction periods Three monthly for staff on night duties Six monthly for staff on day duties

FIRE DRILLS
At intervals shown below, fire drills should be conducted to simulate fire conditions One escape route obstructed . No advance warning should be given other than to specific staff for the purposes of safety. The fire alarm should be operated on the instructions of management. The fire brigade should not be called for the purposes of a drill. Unless prior arrangements have been agreed in writing that they are willing to take part in the exercise. Six monthly: Yearly: For residential premise, places of public entertainment, large shops and departmental stores. For industrial and commercial premises.

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