LICEO DE APODACA

Name of the student: Sofia Fernanda Cuevas Mendez

ELECTRICITY

DATE: January 8, 2013 Grade:7 Group: B

Index
1- WHAT IS ENERGY 2- Electricity types of physics 3- Different types of electricity 4- Responsible consumption of energy 5- RESOURCES 6- CONCLUSION

WHAT IS ENERGY
Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and flow of electric charge. Electricity gives a wide variety of well-known effects, such as lightning, static electricity, electromagnetic induction and the flow of electrical current. In addition, electricity permits the creation and reception of electromagnetic radiation such as radio waves. The electricity is something that we have used to much since the man discovered it.

Electricity is a type of activity arising from the existence of charge. The basic unit of charge is that on the proton or electron. The protons charge is called positive while the electron's is negative. A particle of matter usually has a charge. The charge is positive or negative. Two particles with the same charges, both positive or both negative, repel or drive away each other, while two particles with unlike charges are attracted. The negatively charged electrons in an atom are kept near the nucleus because of their attraction for the positively charged protons in the nucleus. Materials differ in their ability to allow electricity to flow through them.

Conductors allow electricity to flow through them easily. Copper wire is a good example and makes up our housing and appliance wiring. Insulators are materials that don't allow electricity to pass through them easily. Materials such as rubber are good
3

insulators and are used around appliance and house wires to keep the electricity from creating a short circuit. Semiconductors: conduct electricity under some conditions.

Electricity types of physics

In electricity, charges produce electromagnetic fields which act on other charges. Electricity occurs due to several types of physics:

electric charge: a property of some subatomic particles, which determines their electromagnetic interactions. Electrically charged matter is influenced by, and produces, electromagnetic fields. electric current: a movement or flow of electrically charged particles, typically measured in amperes. electric field (see electrostatics): an especially simple type of electromagnetic field produced by an electric charge even when it is not moving (i.e., there is no electric current). The electric field produces a force on other charges in its vicinity. Moving charges additionally produce a magnetic field. electric potential: the capacity of an electric field to do work on an electric charge, typically measured in volts. electromagnets: electrical currents generate magnetic fields, and changing magnetic fields generate electrical currents

In electrical engineering, electricity is used for:

electric power where electric current is used to energies equipment electronics which deals with electrical circuits that involve active electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, and associated passive interconnection technologies

Different types of electricity

Static Electricity Electrostatics is the study of charges, or charged objects that do not involve moving charges or current. When positive or negative charge builds up on objects, static electricity occurs. The charge can be built up by rubbing certain objects together. The friction between the objects causes electrons to be transferred from one object to the another. The object that has lost the electrons has a positive charge and the object act that has gained them has an equal negative charge. An electrically neutral object can be charged by bringing it in contact with a charged object: if the charged object is positive, the neutral object gains a positive charge when some of its electrons are attracted onto the positive object; if the charged object is negative, the neutral object gains a negative charge when some electrons are attracted onto it from the negative object. This may happen to a person when rubbing one's feet on a carpet and then touching an object and receiving an electrical shock.

Responsible consumption of energy

There is a company named Enel that guarantee commercial offers for families, companies and cities, so they provide a guarantee that the energy source is renewable or because they include a small amount of financing for renewable sources In this regard, the Company also develops technologies and services aimed at reducing the energy consumption of cities, for example in the area of street lighting. In February 2009, Enel Sole the Italian leader in this field launched Archilede on the market. This is an innovative lighting system based on LED (light-emitting diode) technology, which presents numerous advantages in terms of consumption, the
6

environmental impact of component disposal, the quality of the light emitted, and the degree of dispersion of the upward flow, which is nil and thus also contributes to policies for reducing light pollution. There are also some machines that people normally use to control their electricity consumption like the electricity meter. An electricity meter or energy meter is a device that measures the amount of electric energy consumed by a residence, business, or an electrically powered device. Electricity meters are typically calibrated in billing units, the most common one being the kilowatt hour [kWh]. Periodic readings of electric meters establishes billing cycles and energy used during a cycle.

RESOURCES

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity http://www.mcwdn.org/Physics/Electricity.html http://www.enel.com http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_meter

CONCLUSION
I think the electricity is very important for us in our daily life. Electricity occurs due to several types of physics and it is very important to know them, one of them is the electric current which is very common to know about it. We need to be careful when we work with electricity because if we dont be careful it can happen many accidents that can hurt us or even kill us. We also need to be responsible when we used it; this means that we can used it but not waste it. Many people make campaigns to solve the problem of wasting electricity to have a better world.