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Story at-a-glance
Two primary forms of mercury are ethylmercury (inorganic mercury) which is primarily from dental amalgams, and methylmercury (organic mercury), which is they type found in fish. In terms of toxicity, ethylmercury rates the highest. Methylmercury penetrates your body very well, but is slightly less toxic than the inorganic form, which is what you absorb from your dental amalgams. The two primary sources of mercury exposure are dental amalgam, and fish consumption, followed by thimerosal-containing vaccines, and mercury pollution from coal-burning power plants Traditional mercury testing includes hair, blood, and urine testing. Challenge tests using a chelating chemical such as intravenous DMPS or DMSA are also commonly used. However, all of these tests have drawbacks and shortfalls. A newer testing method called mercury speciation far surpasses all of these earlier tests. While these older tests primarily measured total mercury load (and inaccurately at that), this newer technology is able to separate and measure the different forms of mercury in your system, which allows you to determine both kidney function, and your primary source of exposureeither fish-based methylmercury, or the dental-based inorganic ethylmercury Your body is designed to detoxify naturally, and will do so quite efficiently as long as your entire detoxification system is working properly. Your glutathione system is an important part of your detox system, and foods high in glutathione precursors, such as whey protein, and sulfur-rich foods like garlic, are important for maintaining optimal functioning of your glutathione system
What You Need to Know About the By Dr. Mercola Different Forms of Mercury, the Next Dr. Christopher Shade, a former organic farmer, received his PhD from the Generation of Mercury Testing, and How University of Illinois. His education included the study of metal-ligand interaction to Detox Safely for a long time, he specialized in environmental- and in the environment, and
analytical chemistry January 06, 2013 | 190,191 views |of mercury. About six years ago, he developed and commercialized technology for mercury speciation analysisa process that separates and measures different forms of mercury. Shortly after starting this company, Quicksilver Scientific, he turned his focus to the clinical side, and the human body's ability to detoxify mercury. "The heart of mercury's toxicity is what I call inappropriate binding," Dr. Shade says. "Mercury is never a free ion... [M]ercury is always bound in these covalent relationships with what's called the ligand. Mercury's favorite ligand is sulfur; specifically a reduced form of sulfur called a thiol. This is what you have on cysteine, like N-acetyl cysteine or in glutathione [editor's note: which is why they're so important for mercury elimination]. But these thiols are all throughout your body. [M]etals... like zinc, copper, or iron... are held in place by thiol groups. Mercury has higher affinity for those thiol groups than the [other] metals do. How much higher? For zinca billion times higher 10 to the ninth. When the mercury comes by... and it sees an enzyme that's holding zinc in it, those cysteines are going to reach over and grab on to the mercury. ... Other places that mercury will bind to thiols are on cell membranes... [and] different forms of mercury will cross your blood-brain barrier." Mercury can also displace other elements such as zinc and copper, by attaching to the receptors that would otherwise hold these essential minerals. Overall, mercury has a very strong ability to dysregulate your entire system, which is part of the reason why mercury toxicity symptoms are so difficult to pin down. "Neurologically, it can take you into depression, or it can take you into anxiety," Dr. Shade explains. "Similarly, it can make you hyperactive, or it can give you chronic fatigue." From a more mechanical perspective, mercury destroys the enzyme tubulin, which builds microtubules that play an important role in intracellular communication. According to Dr. Shade, you can clearly see how mercury stops the assembly of tubulin in neurological cells, causing them to fall apart instead.
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Phenylmercury was used in early paints, which is why you need to be careful with peeling paint layers in older homes. In terms of toxicity, ethylmercury rates the highest. While methylmercury penetrates your body very well, it's slightly less toxic
http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2013/01/06/dr-shade-on-mercury-exposure.... 1/7/2013
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than the inorganic form, which is what gets released from your dental amalgams. According to Dr. Shade's research, the two primary sources of mercury exposure are: 1. Inorganic mercury from dental amalgam and vaccines 2. Organic mercury from fish consumption "Vaccines would come underneath that, though they're slowly removing the mercury from the vaccines. So, it depends if you get a lot of vaccines or not. Now if you're going in for flu shots routinely, you might be exposed to a fair amount of mercury," he says. "Research on spreading out doses versus punctuated doses show that punctuated or periodic high doses have more ability to penetrate the brain than distributed doses do. That's one of the worst things about getting it from vaccines." Another source of mercury exposure comes from coal-burning power plants. This mercury pollution is distributed in the air, and is deposited in the ocean, where of course it bioaccumulates in fish. So indirectly, it's still a major source of exposure. "The one paper that has shed some light on coal-burning was the Palmer paper coming out of Texas, where they found higher rates of autism with proximity to coal-burning power plants. But that's the only [study] that's done that," Dr. Shade says. "From all the data that I have looked at, from all the people that we have measured... fish and amalgam dominated everything. People who don't have any fish consumption and don't have any amalgam exposure, we very rarely see any significant amounts of mercury in."
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bunch of mercury in your blood and pass it through your kidneys. Now you would get both organic and inorganic forms coming out through your kidneys. The problem here is the same one with all urinary measurements. If you've got problems in the kidney and this happens commonly when people are exposed for long periods of time you might not pass that mobilized mercury out through your urine. The other problem with the challenge test is that you don't know what the distribution is. How much of this is organic? How much of this is inorganic? Then you got two chelators. You got DMPS and DMSA, and they're different. They bias towards one of the other form of mercury. DMPS biases towards inorganic mercury. If you have a lot of inorganic mercury exposure, you use DMPS... Then there's a mythology that the challenge test is showing you the body burden, like it's reaching into every single cell taking out a representative amount of mercury in there and taking it out of the body. That's really not true," Dr. Shade says. So as a summary, all of the earlier testing methods offer an incomplete picture of your actual mercury load. Hair testing only shows organic (methyl) mercury load Urine testing only shows inorganic (ethyl) mercury load Blood testing for total mercury load really only gives you a measure of your mercury from fish consumption, while mercury from dental amalgams and vaccines remains 'hidden' Challenge testing can give false low readings if your kidneys are not functioning well, and each of the chelators are biased toward one form or mercury or the other, which can give you a misleading measurement of your mercury load
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On Detoxing Mercury
According to Dr. Shade, effective detoxification is highly dependent on your glutathione and sulfur metabolism. For example, when your glutathione and sulfur levels increase, you'll typically see higher levels of mercury coming out of your hair. It's important to realize, however, that detoxing cannot be achieved overnight. Or even in a few weeks. According to Dr. Shade, most people will typically need an entire year to detox, depending on how sick you are. The sicker you are, the longer it will take, simply because you have to go slower when you're ill. "But then you have to keep in mind one of the aspects of detoxification. You got to be mindful of that, and incorporate a lot of this into your life. I mean a lot of it is lifestyle changes that are going to keep you effectively detoxifying. Then, once or twice a year go back in for whatever period of time it takes you. Go back and do another detoxification, because even if you get all the mercury out, you're continuously exposed to all kinds of things. I mean, you've got the airborne mercury coming in. You've got little bits through the food. Then you have cadmium, arsenic, and lead coming in... you've got all the different organic toxins... pesticides and herbicides... chlorinated organics... mold-based toxins... toxins from organisms that live in your GI tract, if you don't have a perfect biotic flora... ... Probably, the biggest myth that's got to be destroyed immediately is that mercury will stay in your body until you go in there with a chemical chelator and pull it outthat mercury is never removed from the body and it just builds up forever. That is completely a myth. We'd all be dead if that were the case. You have a system for moving mercury and other heavy metals out of your body. They may work in different efficiencies for different people, or may be totally disrupted in some, but you have a [detoxification] system."
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We use a lot of this liposomal glutathione. We have recently taken on the manufacturing of that that's making a very small, high integrity liposome. But aside from liposomes, whey protein is my favorite way to get those precursors into the body." According to Dr. Shade, if your body is making glutathione well, then just taking whey protein should be sufficient. But if your detoxification system is severely compromised, the liposomal glutathione can serve an important function as it can offer immediate relief against the oxidative stress caused by the mercury. He typically recommends using both for people who are ill. "Once you have repaired the system and you're getting it working again, then the whey protein can sustain you," he says. But it's important to remember that there's more to your glutathione system than just glutathione. You also need the proper enzymes and proteins that work together with the glutathione to eliminate the mercury. These include: Glutathione S-transferase Glutathione synthetase Gamma-glutamylcysteine ligase
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Only the R-lipoate fits into this Nrf2 mechanism to upregulate the glutathione system. That's why we have a liposome that's a mixture of vitamin C and R-lipoic acid. You can take high doses of this without running into bowel intolerance and very effective delivery of that lipoic acid. That's the common sulfur chemical that we use the most."
More Information
Some states, such as Colorado, are so-called "direct access" states, in which you can buy a testing kit directly from Dr. Shade's company, Quicksilver Scientific. Then all you have to do is get your blood drawn at a local lab, which sends it back to the company for analysis. In other states, you have to go through your primary care physician to get the mercury speciation test done. The test retails for about $350. The sensitivity of the test is "unmatched," according to Dr. Shade. "We're the only one in the world doing the speciationthe separation of the different forms of mercury. And we're the only ones working at the low ranges than we are... We have a detection limit of 10 part per trillion. Now you compare that to one of the routine labs like Lab Quest or Lab Corp; they'll do a blood mercury for you, and their detection limit will either be one or 0.5 parts per billion. That's 50 times higher, at the best, than what we're running. We're very sensitive. We run at very low levels, so we can see ALL the changes and the ambient profiles. ...I'll tell you that I like people [to be] under 0.05 nanograms per milligram for the dental form of mercury. That's when you know that you're really cleaned up. For methylmercury, that number can be a little higher. Depending upon the state of their health, I like them down below 2 nanograms per liter, or if they have shown some sensitivity to mercury, then I like them under 1 nanogram per liter."
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