Ou_odkhls

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ISBN 955-98089-0-7

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2003 ckjd
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2006

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nj wjOdrKfhka m%ldY flfrk foaYkd mdG /.;a uyd mksnndk
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fjila fmdah ojilu wfma ;:d.; iuud inq mshdKka
jykafiaf.a W;am;a;sh" ifnda,dNh" mksj_dKh lshk isoa ;=ku
isu wdYaphj;a Ou_;djla yehghs wms i<lkafka' ta jf.au ta
isoa .e,mSu ;=<ska wmg hlsis Ou_ ixf.hl=;a u;=lr .kak
mqjka fjkjd' wfma ;fha isyslghq;= isoa wjqreoafoa ta ta ojiaj,
iurkak mqre fj,d isk wmg nqmshdKka jykafia Wmkafk;a
wohs" nq jqfk;a wohs" msksjka mEfj;a wohs" lsh, lshk fldg"
ys;k fldg" ;h ms<sn|j tla;rd hl ishq ixf.hla"
;fha flnj ms<sn| ixf.hla" we;sfjkak mqjka" we;s lr
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Ou ud.fha hdug rel=,la jk njg wo wms ud;Dld l<
.d:djg lafjk ksodk l:dj idOlhla'

jykafia,d nq mshdKka jykafiag meKs,s l<d wfma f idlPd

j,g Ouudrdu yduqrefjda tl;= fjkafk kE lsh,d' nq mshdKka
jykafia Ouudrdu NsCIQka jykafia f.kaj, weyqj" we;a;o f ldrKh
lsh,' Wkajykafia m%ldY l<d' ~~Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia msksjka mdkjd
lshk ta wdrxh ,enqkdg miqj" uu l,amkd l<d' ka uf.a
Ydia;DDka jykafia msksjkamdkakg l,ska uu ry;a jkak k
lsh,d' tfyu ys;df.k uu f ks;ru Ou_hu fufkys lrka"
Ou_hg wkqj j;a jkak W;aidy lrkjd~~ lsh,d' nqmshdKka
jykafia talg idOqldr , ~~idOq" idOq"~~ lsh,d" tfyu ;uhs
uyfKks ug kshu hgu we,au we;s" ug .relrk wh we;a;
jYfhkau l< hq;af;a" f Ou_dkqOu_ m%;smodf hduhs lsh,d' tfyu
m%ldY lrka ;uhs wms f ud;Dld l< .d:dj jodf<a'
~Ouudrdfud Ouurf;d
Ouux wkqk;hx
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~~Ou_fhysu jdih lrk" Ou_hgu wekq" Ou_h wkqj ks;r is;kakdjQ"
Ou_h fufkys lrkakdjQ NsCIqj ioOu_fhka msfykafka ke;'~~ lshk
tlhs f .d:df woyi' ta .d:dj wy, ta Ouudrdu NsCIQka
jykafia ry;a jqkd lsh,;a i|yka fjkj' wms ka f ldrKh .ek
.eUqka l,amkd lr, nejyu" nqmshdKka jykafiaf.a ;fh
wjidk Nd.h .ek i|yka jk ~~uyd mksj_dK iQ;%h~~ lshk ta
iQ;%fha lSm ;eklu olskakg ,efnkjd" nqmshdKka jykafia m%;sm;a;s
mQcdf w.h wjOdrKfhka olajmq ye'

nq mshdKka jykafia ;j udi .Kklska msksjka mdkjd

lshk ta wdrxh wikakg ,enqkdu" ix>hd jykafia,d oyia .Kka
msia nqmshdKka jykafia msjrdf.k yeisfrkak mgka .;a;d'
ks;ru Tjqfkdjqka tl;=fj,d idlPd lrkj oeka b;ska wms fudlo
lrkafka" Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia msksjka mEjdu lsh,d' Th hg
fkdfhl=;a idlPd lrkj fndfydu ixf.fhka" fYdalSj' we;e
wh yeQ lf<ka .; lrkj' f wjia:df Ouudrdu kue;s
tla;rd NsCIQka jykafia kula f lshmq idlPdj,g iyNd.S
fjkafk ke;sj" fjkaj" ks;ru Ouh fufkys lrkjd" Ouh
wdjckd lrkjd" Ouh .ek is;ka iskjd' wfkla ix>hd

nqmshdKka jykafiaf.a mksj_dKh ms<sn| m<uqjeksu fmrks;a;

jf.a we;s jqk wjia:dj i|yka jkafka fufyuhs' nqmshdKka jykafia
id,d uykqjr wdikakfha fj kue;s .f jiald,h .; lrk
wjia:df " nrm;, frda.hla we;s jqkd" wdndOhla we;s jqkd'
udrdka;sl fokd we;s jqkd lsh, lshkj' nq mshdKka jykafia ta
wjia:df ~~uu msksjka mdk tl iqiq kE" Wmi:dhlhskag fyda
wfkla ix>hd jykafia,dg fkdokajd"~~ lsh, ys;, fndfydu hfhka
ta fokdjka hgm;a lrf.k .s , ka n fjka ke.S ys h' B<g
nqmshdKka jykafia ydria:dkfhka ksla,d" t<suyfka jev isk

wjia:djl" wdkkao iajdka jykafia <g we;a je|,d lshkjd'

~~Nd.Hj;=ka jykai" Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia .s,kaj is wjia:df
uf.a Yrh;a o<oq jqkd' tfyu mskau jdf.a uf.a u;l Yla;sh;a
ke;sjqkd' ug fndfydu lK.dgqjla" ixf.hla we;sjqkd' uu ta
wjia:df ys;=j Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia ix>hd jykafia,d fjkqfjka
hula foaYkd fkdlr msksjka mdk tlla kE~~ lsh,' wkak t;fldg
nqrcdKka jykafia m%ldY lrkj" ~~wdkkao" fudllao uf.ka ;j
ix>hd jykafia,d n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkafka@ uu .=reuqI
a hla ;nd.kafka
ke;sj jD;j Ou_h foaYkd lr, ;sfnkj" ka uu crd K uy
wjia:df miqfjkj' ug jhi wjqre 80 la muK fjkj' b;ska f
ix>hd jykafia,d h flfkla l,amkd lrkj k ;ukaf.a hqKqj
.ek" ys;d.kag ;sfhkafk fufyuhs' ;ukau ;ukag ms<sirKla
jkag kE' wkqkaf.a ms<sirKla m;kag iqiq kE' ;ukag ;ukau
jhskla yehg" ;ukau ;ukag ms<sirKla lrf.k j;a u
;uhs l< hq;af;a lsh,' ta wjia:df nq mshdKka jykafia m%ldY
lrkj" fldfyduo ;ukau ;ukag ms<sirKla lr.kafka lsh,d'
jhs k la jka f ka ls h ,d" h ls i s Ns C Iq j la ldhdkq m iikd"
fokdkq m iikd" ;;dkq m iikd" Ouudkq m iikd ls h k i;r
i;smgGdkh jvkj k wkak ta NsCIqj ;uhs ;udg ;udu ms<sirKla
jkafka" wkqkaf.a ms<sirKla fkdm;kafka" ;udg ;ukau jhskla
jkafk lsh," ta hg m%ldY lr, nq mshdKkajykafia wdkJo
ijdka jykafiag lshkj ka jf.au uf.a wejEfuka miafia;a NsCIQka
jykafia,df.a m%;sm;a;sh h hq;af;a talhs lsh,' thska wmg fyd|g
fmakj t;fldg nq mshdKka jykafia u;= fldg lajQ nj f
m%;sm;a;s mQcdf w.h- Ydikfha kshu yrh t;k nj'
B<g ;j;a lafjkj nq mshdKka jykafia fndfyda wjia:dj,
wdkJo iajdkajykafiag m%ldY l<d" h lsis flfkla PJo" h
;;" uxid lsh, lshk boamdo Ou_hka hqKq lrf.k ;sfhkj
k tjeks flfkl=g mqjks ;uka leu;s k ; ld,h la lr
.kak lsh,' kuq;a ta m%ldYh ;=< ;snqKq" ta nq mshdKka jykafia
fokag woyia l< bsh wdkJo iajdka jykafiag ta wjia:dj,
jegyqfka kE" udrhd wdkJo iajdkajykafiag wdrEV fj,d ta is;
.%yKh lrf.k ;snqK ksid' B<g i|yka fjkj - pdmd, f;sh
kue;s ia:dkfha nq mshdKka jykafia udrhdf.a wdrdOkh wkqj
~~;j ;=ka udihlska ;:d.; mksjdKh fjkj~~ lsh," msksjka
3

mdk nj m%ldY lr jod<d' ta wjia:dfj wdkJo iajdka jykafia

we,a, nqmshdKka jykafiaf.ka wheo ishd' ~~Nd.Hj;=ka jykai
f,dalhdg ys;jev msKsi imQK wdhqld,h jev iskak" mrudhqI
jev yskak ta ;dlau ;h lalr.kak~~ lsh,' nq mshdKka
jykafia jod<d ~~ka talg m%udo jehs" ud wjia:d lSmhlu Tng
f ldrKh" wr boamdo hqKqlr.;a;= flfkl=g f Yla;sh
;sfnk nj m%ldY l<d' ta wjia:df wdrdOkd lf<a kE' kuq;a
ka uu wdhqixialdrh w;yer, ;sfnk ksid ;j ;=ka uilska
msksjka mdkj lsh," w;yeh wdhqixialdrh uu wdmyq .kak
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka kE' yhg jeuErE fohla we;=<g .kakj
jf.a ta fha fohla ;:d.;hka jykafia flfkl=g fkd;r fohla~~
lsh, tfyu m%ldY lr," B<g wdkJo iajdka jykafiag lsjqjd"
Yd,d uykqjr isk;dla ix>hd jykafia,d /ialrkak lsh,'
wdkJo iajdkajykafia Yd,d uykqjr isk ta ish ix>hd
jykafia,d l+gd.dr Yd,df /ia flfrjd' nq mshdKka jykafia
ta ix>hd jykafia,d wu;, m%ldY lrkj" ~~uyfKks" ud iska
wNs{dfjka ok" foaYkd lrk ,o h Oufhda fj;ao ta Ouhka
kqU,d iska uekka bf.k f.k" uekka weiqre l< hq;=hs"
jeh hq;=hs" nyq, jYfhka mqre l< hq;=hs" f Ydik n%yauphdj
>_ ld,hla mej;Su i|yd- fo ksiqkaf.a ys; iqj msKsi ta
Ouhka mqre l< hq;=hs'~~
fudkjo ta Ou_@ t;ek i|yka fjkafk i;a;sia fndamdCIsl Ou_'
i;r i;smgGdk" i;r iuummOdk" i;r bomdo" m[p bJsh"
m[p n," i;; fndCOx." wh wgGx.sl u.. lsh, lshk ta
i;a;sia fndamdCIsl Ou_hs nqmshdKka jykafia m%ldY fldg jodf<a
ta wjia:dfj' ix>hd jykafia,d iska fukak f Ou_ yhdldrj"
wdrCId lrkj k" ta m%;sm;a;sh ;uhs f Ydikfha meje;aug
fya;= fjkafk lsh," ta hg nq mshdKka jykafia m%lY fldg
jod<d'
B<g i|yka fjkj fukak f fha m%jD;a;shla" nqmshdKka
jykafia t;ek b|, msksjka mdkag iqiq ia:dkh olajd .uka
wdrN l<d" pdldf jevu l<d' ta hk yeu;eklu .ka .ug
nqmshdKka jykafia foaYkd l< foaYkdj yl=<d olajk mdGh f
hghs ;sfnkafk' ~~b;s iS,x" b;s iud" b;s m[[d' iS,mNdf;d
4

fyd;s uydksxid' m[[d mNd;x ;;x iuufoj wdifjys uqpp;s

fihHox ldudijd Njdijd wccdijd~~ lsh,' tys woyi ~~fh
YS,h" fh iudh" fh m%{dj' YS,fhka imqrd jevqkq iudh
uy;aM, fjhs" uydksixifjhs' iudfhka imqrd jevqkq m%{dj uy;aM,
fjhs uydksixi fjhs' m%{dfjka imqrd jevqkq is; ldudij" Njdij"
wccdj" lshk wdijhkaf.ka uqla; fjhs' ry;a fjhs'~~ lshk
tlhs' wkak ta hg nqmshdKka jykafia tf;ka;a wr i;a;sia
fndamdCIsl Ou_ u;=lr lajqjd wr ix>hd jykafia,dg wkqYdikd
jYfhka' ta fndamdCIsl Ou_hkauhs t;ek;a lshfjkafka' YS," iud"
m%{d yehg flfhka i|yka jkafka wr fndamdCIsl Ou_j,
yrhuhs' f YS,h" iudh" m%{dj l%udkql+,j jefuka is;
wdY%jhkaf.ka uqla; lsuhs" uql; uhs t;ek m%ldY flfrkafk;a'
Th hg nq ms h dKka jyka f ia wkq m s < s f j,s k a .fuka .ug
k.rfhka k.rhg jevu lr, Tkak mdjd kqjrg jehd' mdjd
kqjrg jevu lr,d pqkaoluudr mq ;; lsh, lshk ta lu,a
lrejdf.a wU jkfha jev jdih l<d' ta wU jkhg meKs ojig
myqjodu pqkaoluudr mq;%hdf.a wdrdOkdj m nq mshdKka jykafia
ta ksjig jevu lr, odkh je<fuka miqj wr f,days; mlLkald
lshk f,a mdpk frda.hla" nrm;, frda.hla nq mshdKka jykafiag
we;s jqkd' ta fokdj nq mshdKka jykafia isys kqjKska ord
.;a;d' kuq;a tal udrdka;sl frda.hla' nq mshdKka jykafia B<g
wdkJo iajdka jykafiag lshkj ~~wdkJo ka wms huq l=iskdrdjg~~
lsh,' l=iskdrdj n,df.k B<g i msi;a tlal nq mshdKka
jykafia jevu lrkag mgka .;a;d' ta w;r u. i|yka fjkj f
fha isoa' nqmshdKka jykafia ud.fhka bj;afj,d .yla hgg
meKs,d wdkJo iajdkajykafiag lshkj ~~wdkJo uf.a i, isjqr
i;r mg lr, t<kak' ug fndfydu fjfyihs' jev bkak wjYHhs~~
lsh,d' t;fldg wdkJo iajdka jykafia isjqr we;srejd' nqmshdKka
jykafia t;ek jev yqkakd' B<g nqmshdKka jykafia" wdkJo
iajdka jykafiag lshkj ~~wdkJo ug msmdihs meka lla f.akak~~
lsh,d' wdkJo iajdka jykafia lshkj ~~iajdkS" f < ;sfnk
l=vd kfhka tf;r fj,d mkaiShla r: f ka .sys,a, ;sfnkj'
tal ksid j;=r uvfj,hs ;sfnkafk' g lla tydhska ll=F:d
lshk . ;sfnkj' tf;ka mqjka Nd.Hj;=ka jykafiag meka
mdkh lrkak~~ lsh,' kuq;a nqmshdKka jykafia kej; jrla
5

wdkJo iajdka jykafiag lshkj ~~wdkJo meka lla f.akak' ug

msmdihs'~~ kej;;a wdkJo iajdka jykafia ta hgu ms<s;=re kakd'
;=kafjks jr nqmshdKka jykafia ta hg b,a,d ishdu wdkJo
iajdka jykafia md;%h;a wrf.k ta . <g .shd' wr uv
fndrfj,d .,ka ;snqKq . tlmdrgu j;=r meye,d m%ikak
hg .,kak mgka .;a;d' wdkJo iajdka jykafia f ;:d.;hka
jykafiaf.a Roan, m%d;sydh uyd wkqNdj imkakhs lsh,d"
mquhs lsh,d" ta meka wrf.k we;a nq mshdKka jykafiag mdkh
lrkak ie<eiaiqjd'
t;fldg nq mshdKka jykafia Tkak Th hg fndfydu
ldhsl wdndO uOHfha l=iskdrdjg jevu l<d' l=iskdrdjg jevu
lr,d B<g ta u,a, rc orejkaf.a i,a Whfka tl m%udKfha jf.a
i,a .ia folla w;r msksjka uxplh mkjk yehg wdkJo
iajdka jykafiaf.ka b,a,d ishd' wdkJo iajdka jykafia msksjka
uxplh ta i,a.ia fol w;r mefkjqjd' Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia B<g
W;=re foig ysi od,d ol=Kq we,fhka" isxy fihHdfjka - ie;mqkd"
ydkais jqkd" ta ihkfha - uxplfha' B<g ta wjia:df - t;ek
i|yka fjkjd - wld,hg msmqk i,a u,a nq mshdKka jykafiaf.a
Yrh u; jefgkjd" mQcd jYfhka' ta jf.au jHuh u,a" ukaodrj
lshk u,a" fojreka nq mshdKka jykafiaf.a Yrh u;g oukj
mQcd jYfhka' jHuh ika l=vq jefgkj' ta jf.au jHuh ;+h_kdo
wyfia me;sfrkj' nq mshdKka jykafia wdkJo iajdka jykafiag
m%ldY l<d ~~wdkJo" ka fukak f hg ;:d.; Yrhg mQcd
lrkq ,nkj' kuq;a ta yeu mQcdjgu jvd W;=u mQcdj ;uhs h
lsis NsCIqjla fyda NsCIqKshla fyda Wmdilfhla fyda Wmdisldjla
Ou_dkqOu_ m%;smkakj yeisfrkjo" Ou_dkql+,j yeisfrkjo" Ou_dkql+,j
j;a fjkjo" wkak ta NsCIqj ;uhs ug by<skau" by<u ugf
.re i;aldr jJokd udkk lrkafka lsh,' tf;ka;a nqmshdKka
jykafia wr m%;sm;a;s mQcdf w.h m%ldY fldg jod<d'
ka f mksjdK uxplfha nqmshdKka jykafia jev bkakj'
f wjia:dj lsgqfjkj;a tlalu wdkJo iajdka jykafiag we;sjqk
fYdalh jdjd.kak nerej" ydrhg we;= fj,d" fodr w.=f,a
t,a,s,d wkjd' uf.a Ydia;Dka jykafia mksjdKhghs iQodk
jkafka' ug ;du ry;a .kak ne Wkd' uu ;du fidajdka jqkd
6

muKhs lsh,d ta hg n,j;a fYdalfhka wdkJo iajdkajykafia

wkj' t;fldg nq mshdKka jykafia ix>hd jykafia,df.ka
weiqj ~~flda wdkJo fmakak ke;af;a fudlo@~~ lsh,' t;fldg ix>hd
jykafia,d lsjqj fukak fufyu ydrhg we;= fj,d wka
iskj lsh,' nq mshdKka jykafia wdkJo iajdka jykafia tf;kag
lef|jd' wdkJo iajdka jykafia jehg miafia nq mshdKka
jykafia lshkj' ~~wdkJo" fYdal lrkak tmd' je<fmkak tmd' wehs
uu l,skau lsh, ;sfnkj fkao ishu m%shukdm whf.ka fjka
ula" fhda ula" fjkia ula ;sfnk nj' h lsis fohla yg.;a
iajNdjh we;sk" WmkakdjQ yg.;a;djQ fya;= m%;Hhkaf.ka ilia jQ
f|k iq hula fkdf|ajd` lshk f me;=u fldfyduo bIg
fjkafka@ tnkaola isoaO fjkafk kE fkao@~~ B<g nqmshdKka
jykafia wdkJo iajdka jykafiag m%ldY lrkjd' ~~wdkJo" Tn
>_ld,hla ug ffu;%Suh ldhlu_fhka" ffu;%Suh jd.a lufhka"
ffu;%Suh ufkda lufhka Wmia:dk lr, ;sfnkj' iEfykak mska
lr, ;sfnkjd' h jvkak' blauKskau ry;a fjkak mqjka~~
lsh,d' B<g wdkJo iajdka jykafia iekiS jYfhka ta ix>hd
jykafia,dg wdkJo iajdka jykafiaf.a fYaI .=K ms<sn|j >_
.=K l:khla l<d nqmshdKka jykafia'
Tkak B<g nq mshdKka jykafia wdkJo iajdka jykafiag
jod< l=iskdrd kqjr u,a, rc orejkaf.a /ia Yd,djg .sys,a,d
;:d.; mksj_dKh wo rd;%s mYau hdufha isoaO fjk nj m%ldY
lrkak lsh,d' wdkJo iajdka jykafia .sys,a, ta ldrKh m%ldY
l<du u,a, rc orejka" rc fidajreka" l=udr" l=udldjka ta yeu
fofklau ykak mgka .;a;d" je<fmkak" u fmrf<kak" la,dka;
jkak mgka.;a;' ~~wfyda` Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia msksjka mdkjd
blauka jehs" iq.;hka jykafia msksjka mdkjd blauka jehs"
f,dalfha ;snqKq tlu wei ke;sfjkj blauka jehs" lsh,' ta
hg fkdfhl=;a fha fYdald,dm l< nj i|yka fjkj'
f wjia:dj fjkfldg iqN lshk mn%dclfhl=g wykak ,enqkd
;:d.; mksjdKh wo rd;%S isoaO fjk nj' B<g ta iqN
l,amkd lrkj ug wykak ,e, ;sfhkj f mn%dcl mrmrdfjka
;:d.; iud inqjre b;du l,d;=rlskah f,dalfha my< jkafka
lsh,' wo rd;%S ;:d.;hka jykafia msksjka mdk nj wdrxhs'
uf.a ysf;a h lsis ielhla n,mj;ajkj' ug fyd|gu Yajdihs
7

Y%uK f.!;uhkag udf.a ta ielh re lrkak mqjka lsh,'

tfyu ys;df.k we,a, wdkJo iajdka jykafiaf.ka wjir b,a,kj
;:d.;hka jykafia lSug" wdkJo iajdka jykafia m%ldY lrkj"
~~iqN" f f,df nq mshdKka jykafiag lror lrkak tmd'
Nd.Hj;=ka jykafiag ka fndfydu fjfyihs'~~ fofjks jrg;a f
iqN mn%dclhd wdkJo iajdka jykafiaf.ka wjir b,aj nq
mshdKka jykafia olskak' fofjks jrg;a m%;slafIam l,d' ;=kajk
jrg;a b,aj" ;=kajk jrg;a m%;slafIam l,d' kuq;a nq mshdKka
jykafiag f l:d i,a,dmh weyqkd' nq mshdKka jykafia wdkJo
iajdka jykafiag lshkj' ~~wdkJo" iqNg tkak wkak' iqN
j<lajkak tmd' iqN hlsis fohla uf.ka wykj k ta ug
lror lsf woyiska fkdfjhs' hula k .kakhs wykafka' ta
jf.au uu hula m%ldY lrkj k th blauKskau f;are .kak
mqjka Yla;shla iqNg ;sfnkj~~ lsh," talg uyd lreKdfjka
wjir jod<d' B<g iqN mn%dclh we,a, nq mshdKka
jykafiaf.ka wr I Ydia;Djrekaf.a Ou_fha i;H;dj ms<sn| h
lsis m%Yakhla weiqj' ta wjia:df nq mshdKka jykafia m%ldY
l<d' ~~iqN" ta m%Yakh tfiau ;sfhajd' h lsis Ydikhl wdh
wIagdx.sl ud.h ;sfnkj k" wkak ta Ydikfha ;uhs m<uqfjks
Y%uKh;a" fofjks Y%uKh;a" ;=kafjks Y%uKh;a" y;rfjks Y%uKh;a'
fukak f Ydikfha wdh wIgdx.sl ud.h ;sfnkj' fukak f
Ydikfhahs iqN m%:u Y%uKh;a" fofjks Y%uKh;a" ;=kafjks Y%uKh;a"
y;r fjks Y%uKh;a bkafk' wfkla ishu wd." ishu ;S:dh;k"
mrm%jdo ish,a,u" Y%uKhkaf.ka ysia~~ lsh, ta hg nq mshdKka
jykafia jod<d' f ix>hd jykafia,d yhdldrj Oudkql+,j
j;afjkj k" ta m%;sm;a;sfha yeisfrkj k" f,dalfha ry;=ka
jykafia,df.ka ysia jkafka kE lsh, nq mshdKka jykafia ta
wjia:df m%ldY fldg jod<d' thska meyekq iqN mn%dclh
;=Kqrejka irK .sys,a, nq mshdKka jykafiaf.ka meoaog wjir
b,a,d ysh' nq mshdKka jykafia wdkJo iajdka jykafiag lsjqj
iqN me lrkak lsh,' ta jf.au" me jqkd jf.au" fndfydu
blauKskau ry;a jqk nj i|yka fjkj' we;a; jYfhkau f
Ydikfha nqmshdKka jykafiag iuqL jqkq wka;su Y%djlhd yehg"
nqmshdKka jykafiaf.a jpkfhka meoao ,enQ wka;su Y%djlhd
yehg" i|yka fjkj ta iqN mn%dclhd'

Tkak B<g i|yka jkafka - nqmshdKka jykafia wdkJo

iajdka jykafiag jodrKj fYaI ldrKhla' ~~ka wdkJo uf.a
wejEfuka miafi kqUg isf;kak mqjks ka wmg Ydia;Djrfhla
ke;' f wm bfha ;sfnk Ou_h w;S; Ydia;Djrfhl= iska foaYkd
lrk ,oaolah lsh,' kuq;a wdkJo tfyu ys;kak tmd' uf.a wejEfuka
miafi ud h Ou_hla foaYkd lr, ;sfnkj k" khla mkj,
;sfnkj k ta Ou_h;a kh;a ;uhs kqU,dg Ydia;D ia:dkfha .=rejrh yehg - ;sfnkafk"~~ lsh, nq mshdKka jykafia jod<'
Tkak Th hg ix>hd jykafia,dg m%;sm;a;s Ydikh /l.ekSu
ms<sn| fkdfhl=;a wdldrfhka lreKq u;= lr, ,d B<g nqmshdKka
jykafia msksj_dKhg iQodk fj, m%ldY l< wjidk jdlHh f
hghs i|yka fjkafka' ~~yJoodks NslLfj wduk;hd fjd" jhOuud
ixLdrd wmmudfok iumdfo:'~~ ~~tfiak" uyfKks" uu ka kqU,d
wu;' ixia l drfhda kefikiq , a f ,da h ' wm% u dj ks j kg lghq ; =
imdokh lrjq'~~ lsh, ta hg nq mshdKka jykafia wjidk
nqoaO jpkh m%ldY fldg jodr, B<g m%:u OHdkhg iu jek'
m%:u OHdkfhka ke.sg, fofjks OHdkhg iu jek" fofjks
OHdkfhka ke.sg, ;=kafjks OHdkhg" ;=kafjks OHdkfhka y;rfjks
OHdkhg" y;rfjks OHdkfhka ke.s g , wdldidk[pdh;k"
[[dK[pdh;k" wdls [p[[dh;k" fkji[[dkdi[[dh;k
lshk wrEm OHdk j,g iujek" fkji[[dkdi[[dh;kfhka
ke.sg, i[[dfjohs; ksfrdO iudm;a;shg iu jek' ta wjia:df
wdkJo iajdka jykafia wkqreoaO iajdka jykafiaf.ka wykj'
~~iajdks" Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia msksjka md,d fkao ka~~ lsh,'
t;fldg wkqreoaO iajdka jykafia lshkj' ~~kE weje;aks" Nd.Hj;=ka
jyka f ia ;du ms ks j ka mEf kE' ka i[[dfohs ; ks f rda O
iudm;a;shg iujek muKhs~~ lsh,' Tkak B<g nq mshdKka
j y k a f i a i [[ d f j o h s ; k s f r d a O i u d m ; a ; s f h k a k e . s g ,
fkji[[dkdi[[dh;k iudm;a ; s h g" B<g ta hgu l% u
l%ufhka hg iudj,g iu jek' m%:u OHdkh olajd' ta hg
l%ul%ufhka m%:u OHdkh olajd iu je,d' B<g m%:u OHdkfhka
ke.sg, fofjks OHdkhg iujek' fofjks OHdkfhka ke.sg,
;=kafjks OHdkhg iujek' ;=kafjks OHdkfhka ke.sg, y;rfjks
OHdkhg iujek' y;rjeks OHdkfhka ke.s g , ta tla l u
;:d.;hka jykafia mksjdKhg m;a jod<d' nq mshdKka

jykafiaf.a mksjdKh;a tlalu uy fmdf<dj lmd jqkd' uq

uy;a msiu fYdal ixf.fhka we<,S .shd lsh,d i|yka fjkj'

10

ka wms kej;;a wfma ta ud;Dldj u;=lr .kak n,uq' f wms

ud;Dld lr.;af;a nq mshdKka jykafiaf.a ;ld,fha wjidk
Nd.fha m%;sm;a;s Ydikfha" tfyu ke;ak m%;sm;a;s mQcdf"
jkdlu u;=lr, fokakg .;a;= W;aidyhhs' ta wkqj wms l,amkd
lrkag k t;fldg nqoO Ydikh lsh, lshkafka fukak f nq
mshdKka jykafia u;= fldg lajQ ka fu;k lshjqkq i;a;sia
fndamdCIsl Ou_' wdh_ wIgdx.sl ud.h" YS," iud" m%{d lsh,
lshk ta .=KOu jvkj k ta ;=<ska ;uhs nq mshdKka jykafiag
l< yels W;=u Wmydrh" W;=u .re i;aldr lrkag mqjka
jkafka' ta ldrKh nq mshdKka jykafia fYaIfhkau wjOdrKh
fldg jod<d' kuq;a tmuKlska wms ys;kak krlhs wdi mQcdj
lshk tl ksr:_lh lsh,' jeo.eulg ke;s fohlah lsh,' fudav
Y%oaOdj ;sfhk wh ;rla lrk fohlah lsh,' wdi mQcdj w:j;aj
lrkj k uy;aM, uydksixihs' fudlo" nq mshdKka jykafiau
m%ldY lr, ;sfnkj msh hq;a;dg msu' ta jf.au fYaIfhkau
f,dalfha b;du;au ,Nj my< fjk ta ;:d.;hka jykafia
flfkl=g l< hq;= .re i;aldr ms<sn|j' ;:d.; Yrhg l< hq;=
jkaokdudk wdh ms<sn|j;a nq mshdKka jykafia mksjdKhg
l,ska wdkJo iajdka jykafiag m%ldY lr, ;sfnkj' tla;rd
wjia:djl wdkJo iajdka jykafia nqmshdKka jykafiaf.ka weiqjd
~~Nd.Hj;=ka jykai" ka Nd.Hj;=ka jykafiaf.a msksfuka miafi
nqoaO Yrhg wms fldfyduo i;aldr l< hq;af;@~~ lsh,' nq
mshdKka jykafia m%ldY lrkj' ~~wdkJo" mKa; jQ" kqjKe;sjQ
CI;%sh rcjreka" n%dyauKhska" .Dym;shka iskjd ta ldhNdrh
wrf.k lrkak' kqU ;udf.a ksjkg wod< ldrKd .ek W;aidy
jkak~~ lsh,d' kej;;a wdkJo iajdka jykafia weiqj ~~flfiao
Nd.Hj;=ka jykai" ;:d.; Yrhg i;aldr l< hq;af;a@~~ lsh,' ta
wjia:dfj nqmshdKka jykafia jod<" pl%j;s rcflfkl=g l<
hq;= rdcH Wmydr" rdcH f.!rjh ;:d.; Yrhg l< hq;= nj'
B<g ta ms<sn|j iia;rj olaj, ;sfnkj' mksjdKfhka miafi
;:d.; Yrhg tla;rd wdldrhlg iudk lr, B<g ;lhg
kxj, wdodykfhka miafi ij{ Od;= j,ska ia:Qm iEu;a" ta ia:Qm
je| mqod.ekSf Yd, wdksixi Yla;shla ;sfnk nj;a nq mshdKka
jykafia wdkkao iajdka jykafiag m%ldY lr, ;snqk'

wkak ta wdldrhgu inqoaO mksjdKfhka miafi mksjdKh

ms<sn| wdrx me;sfrk fldg oUj rcjre wdjd ij{ Od;=
fldgia ,nd .kak' ta wh w;r we;sfjkak ;snqk l,yhla je<elaug
fdaK lshk n%dyauKfhla bm;a fj, ta ;lfhka tl;= lr.;a;=
ij{Od;=ka jykafia,d iuj fnj fldgia wglg' ta rc orejka
w;r iuj ta Od;+ka fldgia jYfhka fno, bjr fj,d B<g ta
fn Ndckh;a ;uka b,a,d .;a;d ia:Qmhla f.dvk,d mQcd lsug'
ta Od;= fno, wjidk fjk fldg fudah lsh, lshk ;j;a rc
orejka ms ila wdjd Od;+ k a b,a , f.k' t;fldg ls jd ka
ij{Od;+ka fno, bjrhs' tal ksid Tkak Th or iEfh ;sfhk
w=re wrf.k hkak lsh,' ta fudah lshk rdc jxYslhka or
iEfh w=re wrf.k .sys,a,d ia:Qmhla ;k, mQcd l<d' wkak ta
wkqj wmg ys;d.kak mqjka t;fldg ;:d.; iud inq rcdKka
jykafia flfkl=f.a judk ld,fha muKla fkdf Wkajykafiaf.a
mksjdKfhka miafi;a mQckSh jia;= rdYshla ;uhs nqoaO Yrh
lsh, lshkafka' ta wkqj ;uhs ka f mskaj;=ka ljqre;a okakj"
;%sO ffp;Hhla .ek Oufh i|yka fjkj" idl" mdfNda.sl"
Woafoaisl lsh,' idl Od;+ka ;uhs m%Odk' ka fu;k lshdmq f
Ydl Od;=' ta jf.au taj muKla fkdf mQckSh" nq mshdKka
jykafia myrKh lrmq md;% wdh" myrKh l< jia;+ka' t;fldg
ka fndaka jykafia ms<sn|j;a ta fh ixl,amhla ;sfhkafka' ta;a
mQckShhs' ta jf.au Woafoaisl lsh, lshk ;:d.;hka jykafia
isys.ekau i|yd Wkajykafia Wfoid fk,k ,o ms<su wdh mjd
mQckShhs' wkak tajd ;=<ska" tajd msu ;=<ska Y%oaOdjka; fn!oaOhl=g"
Y%oaOdjka; flfkl=g" > ld,hla ys;iqj msKsi fya;=jk l=i,
rdYshla /ialr .kak mqjka nj nqmshdKka jykafia jodr,d
;sfnkjd'

.kqfokq ixl,amh wkqj" ndrydr fjka' wkak ta ixl,amkd wkqjhs

ka wfma fn!oaOhska wdi mQcdj,g fhduq fj, ;sfnkafk' /lSrCId
,nd .ekSug" kvqyn kSug tfyu ke;ak Nd. mdia lr
.ekSug" ta fha mgq ixl,am bm;a lrf.k wr fohkag mqo
mqre nkakd jf.a ys;df.k nqoaO mQcd" fnda mQcd meje;au
;=<ska kshu l=i,a is;la we;sfjkj o lsh, l,amkd lrkag k'
we;a; jYfhkau wms wjxlju msx /ialr.kak k wkka; jQ nq
.=K isyshg kdf.k tl u,la mQcd l<;a we;s' f mskaj;=ka
okakj w;S;fha ta wfma merKs fn!oaOhka ka f ld,fha jf.a
;rldj Yd, mQcd fkdl<;a" jdKsc ixl,amhg wkqj mQcdj,
fhfk ke;;a" b;du;au wysxilj" wjHdcj" wjxl wkaoka tl
u,la fyda mQcd lsfuka l=i,a /ialr .;a;= wdldrh' talu Ndjkdjla
njg yrjd .;a;= wdldrh meye,s fjkj" f mskaj;=ka ljqre;a
okak wr .d:dfjka mQfc nqoOx l=iqfukfkk
mqf[[k fuf;k ,Nd fudlLx
mqmMx ,dhd;s h:d bofuu
ldfhd ;:d hd;s kdiNdjx
mqo nq ys fuu,ska
,n fudlaiqj tmsfkka
fuu, ue,fjo hfia
fulh tf,iu jekfia

wms t;fldg l,amkd lrkak k tl me;a;lska m%;sm;a;s mQcdj

nq mshdKka jykafia wjOdKh l< kuq;a wdi mQcdj tfyu
mskau bj;a lf kE' wdi mQcdj we;a; jYfhkau l,amkd lr,
n,kj k m%;sm;a;s mQcdjg fodrgqjla fjkak k' mQj lD;Hhla
lr .kak mqre fjkak k' kuq;a ka fudlla o isoaO fjkafka@
wdi mQcdj ms<sn|j kqjKska l,amkd lr, n,k fldg" f
mskaj;=kag jgmsg n,k fldg fmakj f wdi mQcdjg .sys,a,
;sfhk l,oidj' wr fohkag mqo mqre nef is;la ;sfnkj

wms tal isxy,g ke.=fjd;a ta hghs .kak ;sfhkafka' b;du;a

jkd ta y;rmo .d:dj ;=< ;sfnkjd wdi mQcdj;a m%;sm;a;s
mQcdj;a' ta uf,a jK fi!kaoh_h iq.kaOh ta yeu tllau isysm;a
lrf.k" f,dalfha" iajNdj Oufha we;s W;= m;% ksIamdokh jk
u," nq mshdKka jykafiag - ta jf.au iajNdjOufha W;=u my<
u yehg wmg i<lkak mqjka" ukqIH ysf;ys by<u ugug
ke=Kq ;:d.;hka jykafiag - uu ta u, mQcd lrkj' kuq;a
B<g ta u,g hk l,oidjhs ys;kafka' ~~f u, hfia ue,
fjkjo@~~ B<g tal ldh.;di;shg wruqKla lr .kakj'~~ ta
jf.au f Yrh;a kdY Ndjhg hkjd~~ lsh,' wkak ta hg
kqjKska l,amkd lr, n,k mskaj;dg wdi mQcdj" m%;sm;a;s
mQcdjg fodrgqjla lr .kak mqjka' talg rel=,la lr .kak

11

12

mqjka' talg Wmldrhla lr.kag mqjka' fYaIfhkau fhda.djpr

mskaj;=ka l,amkd lrkag k f wdi mQcdj wr lshdmq hg
;ukaf.a fhda.djpr ;hg tfyu ke;ak Ndjkdjg Wmldr lr
.kakd wdldrh .ek' we;a; jYfhkau ka Ndjkd mQj lD;H
yehg ;sfnk tajd .ek .eUqka l,amkd lr, n,k fldg ta l
m%dfhda.slj f mskaj;=kag Wmldr fjkj' fudlgo f nqoaO mQcd
wdh lrkafka" tfyu ke;ak" u,a myka iqj| wdh mQcd
lrkafka@ wfma Ydia;DDkajykafia flfrys Y%oaOdj wfma yoj;a ;=<
u;=lr .ekSughs'

hqla;j ikaiqkaj ta j;dj;a wdfh fhfokj k" u,la mykla msu

yd inkaO lghq;=" ta ia:dk msis ls ta yeu tlla ;=<skau
;ukaf.a is; lh jpkh yhdldrj yiqrejd .kak wNHdihla
,efnkj' is; lh jpkh ;ekam;a lr .kak wjia:djla ,efnkj'

;=Kqrejka flfrys Y%oaOdj wfma ys;aj, hqKq lr .ekSu wfma

Ndjkdjg b;du;au wjYH fohla' fudlo@ Y%oaOdfjka ;uhs f
.uk hkak mqjka fjkafka' ksjka .uk hkak mqjka jkafka'
Y%oaOdj chla yehg olaj, ;sfnkj' t;fldg ta Y%oaOd .=Kh
hqKq lr .ekSug u,la mykla mqo,d nqmshdKka jykafiaf.a
wkka; .=K isyshg kd .ekSu Wmldr fjkj' ta jf.au tafla
;j;a .eUqrla ;sfnkj' w;S; ixidrfha wms ;%sOr;akhg h lsis
ks.%yhla lr, ;sfnkj k" is;ska" lhska jpkfhka hlsis ks.%yhla
lr, ;sfnkj k" jrola lr, ;sfnkj k" tajd wfma {dkfha
igyka fj, ;sfnkj' wms f ksjka u. hk fldg tajd wms
n,dfmdfrd;a;= ke;s wjia:dj, u;=fj,d wfma .ukg ndOd muqKqjkj'
wkak tal ksid w;S; wdpdh_jreka olaj, ;sfnkj ;=Kqrejka iudlrjd
.ekSu lsh,d foal=;a' talgu wod<hs fukak f wdi mQcd wdh'
;=Kqrejkag u,la mykla mqo,d mi msysgqj, jeu ;=<ska wfma ta
ksy;udks;ajh m%ldY lsfuka w;S; Nj ixidrfha wms we;s lr
.;a;= h udkakhla ksid" fudayhla ksid" :Hd oDIahla ksid
;%sO r;akhg h ks.%yhla fj, ;sfnkj k we;s lr .;a; l=i,a
Yla;sh ;=<ska th f. fhajd lsh, tfyu m%d:kdfjka ;uhs ta
lghq;=j, fhfokag fk' ta jf.au Ydia;D f.!rjh" wdfh_damjd
luhkaf.ka u' B<g ;ukaf.a is;a;=< m;Hd.YS,s;ajh we;slr
.ekSu" talg;a f mqo mQcd Wmldr fjkj' wdi mQcdfjka ndysr
jia;= m;Hd.fhka mgka.;a;= .ufkkau ;uhs wjidkfha f
mxpialkaOhu w;aykak mqjka jkafka' ta jf.au ;j;a ldrKhla
;sfnkj' fukak f mqo mQcd inkaO j; ms<sfj; kqjKska lrkj
k" ;rldj fkfjhs ikaiqkaj ;=Kqrejka flfrys msis Y%oaOdfjka

ta hg l,amkd lr, n,k fldg f wdi mQcdj wmg

Wmldr lr .kak mqjka m%;sm;a;s mQcdj jvd;a id:lj lr
.ekSug' kuq;a ka wmg olskakg ,efnkafka fndfyda g iudcfha
fkdfhl=;a fha ;rld ixl,am u;=lrf.k tlaflda f wdi
mQcdj tfyu mskau wr foaj mQcd ;;aFjhg weo fy<Su' tfyu
ke;ak ;j me;a;lska tal l, l,lsrekq nqoajdka tfyu mskau
f wdi mQcdj bj;a lr, fl ksr:l fohla yehg lau'
kuq;a wms l,amkd lrkag kE" nqmshdKka jykafiaf.a Ouh
wkqj f,dalfha b;du;au ,Nj my< jk nq" mfia nq" ry;ka
jykafia,d f,dalhd iska ljo;a jkaokSh udkkSh fY%aIaG r;akhka'
tn ta r;akhka wms isyshg kdf.k h mqo mQcd wdhla lrkj
k tajd > ld,hla idxidl jYfhka wfma iem;g fya;= fjkjd
jf.au wfma m%d:kd wkqj ksjkg;a tajd Wmldr lr .kag mqjka'
lhs wdi mQcdf kshu mrud:h' tal fmr lrf.k wfma
tfkod lghq;= lrkj k Ndjkd;a id:l lr.kak mqjka'
fudlo" fndfydu wjia:dj, wfma Ndjkdjg ndOl fjkafka w;S;
Nj ixidrfha ta wdfh_damjd lu" ;%sO r;akhg ks.%y ls wdh
;=<ska wfma {dkfha igyka fj, ;sfhk wl=i,a u;= uhs' tajdg
hgjqkdu kej;;a wr wfma Ndjkdj | jefgkj' f,!lsl ;;aFj
j,g jefgkj' tal ksid we;a; jYfhka Ndjkdfhda.Skq;a tla;rd
ugulska pd wkaoka fyda ;=Kqrejka flfrys Y%oaOdj we;sjk
wdldrfhka u,la mykla fyda msfuka ta fha iq fohla wdY%fhka
fyda Y%oaOdj u;= lr .kag W;aidyj;a fjkag k' fl ;lfhkau
hd yels .ukla fkdf' wfma yoj;=;a tl;= lr.fkhs hd hq;af;a'
fl nqoafhka muKla hk .ukla fkdfjhs' yoj;g jegfyk
fohla f Y%oaOdj lsh, lshk tl' Y%oaOdj nqmshdKka jykafia
olaj, ;sfhkj ~ioOd cx~ lsh,' f Ydiksl .uk Ydiksl
m%;smodj tfyu mskau f.d;ekla yehg ie<l=fjd;a flu
;uhs ch' ta jf.au Y%oaOdf we;s n,.;=lu nq mshdKka jykafia
olaj, ;sfnkj' Oufha ta ta fldgia wef;l=f.a wjhj j,g Wmud
l< wjia:djl we;df.a m%Odku wjhjhla yehg ie<flk fydje,

13

14

Wmudlr, ;sfnkafka Y%oaOdjghs' wkak tal ksid wms f Y%oaOdj

wj;lafiarejg ,lal< hq;= kE' Y%oaOdj yhdldr fhduq lrkag
k' tal kqjKska msysgqjd .kak k' ~wdldrj;S ioOd~ lsh, lshk
wdldrhg" ldrKd ldrKd wkqj l,amkd lr, kqjKska ta Y%oaOdj
- fudav Y%oaOdj fkdfjhs - ;=Kqrejka flfrys ta nq .=K" oy
.=K" i .=K yhdldrj fufkys lr, msysgqjd .kak k' ta
Y%oaOdjuhs wmg h jvkag Wmldr fjkafka' talhs Y%oaOdj <g
hh i|yka fjkafka' ta h jv, - kslka b|, fkfjhs - h
jv, lsh, lshkafka' is;g tk wl=i,a" .,df.k tk wl=i,a
j<laj," ;sfnk wl=i,a relr," ;ud < ke;s l=i,a is;a we;s
lrf.k jelrf.k" B<g ;uka < ;sfnk l=i,a is;a ;yjqre
lrf.k" ta hg h jv,d ta ;=<ska ;uhs B<g i;sh we;s
fjkafka' ioOd" h" i;s - B<g i;sh ;=<ska iudh" iudfhka
m%{dj' ta hg wmg fmakj t;fldg f fn!oaO m%;smodj ;=<
Y%oaOdj uQ,sl .=Kdx.hla' tal ksid tal wu;l lsu fkfjhs
fu;k ;sfhkafka' Y%oaOdj yhdldrj fhduq lr, ta ;=<ska kshu
M,h fk,d .ekSu ;uhs m%;sm;a;s mQcdj lsh, lshkafka'
nq mshdKka jykafiag tal wjOdrKh lrkag isoaO jqfka fudlo
lsh, fukak f ld,h .ek ys;, n,k fldg wmg ys;d .kak
mqjka' fndfydu f,fyishs wdi mQcdjgu hgfj," talgu k;=
fj,d" wr Oufha .eUqre fldgia - iuyr g l%shd;aul lsug
wmyiq yehg fmfkk Ndjkd wd ta .eUqre fldgia - wu;l
lrkak' tal iajdNdlhs' wkak tal ksid ;uhs nq mshdKka
jykafia ks;ru m%;sm;a;sfha w.h u;=fldg lajQfha' wms ta wkqj
l,amkd lrkag k" wms f nqoaO Ydikh yehg .; hq;af;a wkak
wr lshdmq i;a;sia fndamdCIsl Ouhs' nq mshdKka jykafia wjqre
45 la ;=< foaYkdfldg jod< Ouh yl=<d lajQfha ta wjia:df wr
Yd,d uykqjr l+gd.dr Yd,df ix>hd jykafia,dg" fukak
f i;a;sia fndamdCIsl Ou kdufhka' t;fldg i;r i;smgGdkh"
ldhdkqmiikd" fokdkqm iikd" ;;dkqmiikd Ouudkqmiikd
lshk wdldrhg ;ukaf.a lh;a" wkqkaf.a lh;a wruqKq lrf.k f
i;sh msysgquhs' i;sh hqKq lr .ekSuhs' B<g ta hg i;r
i;smGdkh jvk wjia:df" wjidkfha Ouudkqmiikd lsh,
lshk ;ukaf.a is; ms<sn|j;a fi,af,ka bkak flfkl=g fmfkkjd
;ukaf.a is;g ks;ru flf,ia .,df.k tkjd' ta jf.au ;ukaf.a
15

fyd| .=K wdrCId lr .ekSu;a wmyiqhs' wkak ta i|yd t;fldg

h lsis hhla orkag fjkj' fl yd ksl n,d bu fkfjhs
wl=i,a uokh lsug;a" l=i,a jO_kh lr .ekSug;a h lsis
PJohla" h_hla" W;aidyhla" jHdhduhla" fhdokak k nj nq
mshdKka jykafia olaj, ;sfnkj' talu ;uhs i;r iuummOdk"
iuudjdhdu yehg lafjkafk'
t;fldg ta hg i;r i;smgGdkfhka mgka.;a;= .uk" i;r
iuummOdk Tiafia B<g ta h_ jvk mqoa.,hdg f;afrkjd ;udf.a
p;dkql+,j ;ukag ksjkg Wmldr fjk h lsis fYaI ldrKhla
u;=lr .kak mqjka lsh,' tal ;uhs bomdo lsh, lshkafka'
bomdo lsh, lshkafka wyiska hkag Wmldr jk fohla yehg
muKla fkdfjhs' iDo lsh, lshkafka hula iuDoaO lr .ekSuhs'
hula iuDoaO lr .ekSug Wmldr jk ldrKd y;rla nqmshdKka
jykafia u;=lr, olaj, ;sfnkj" ta ta p;dkql+,j Pkao" h"
;a;" uxid lsh," ta ta mqoa.,hdg wkqj' we;e mqoa.,fhla
Pkaoh lsh, lshk leue;a; wkqj - ~~ug hula ys;=fkd;a" ug
hulg leue;a;la we;s jqfkd;a" uu tal lr,hs kj;ajkafka~~ lsh,
lshkak mqjka fha p; ;sfnkj iudcfha' ta jf.au we;e
flfkla h wl mqoa.,hska' tfyu ke;ak hh fmr lrf.k
;ukaf.a ;h id:l lr.kakd wh f,dalfha iskj' tn wh
lshkafka ~~uu hulg hhla refjd;a" W;aidyhla lf<d;a" th
lr,uhs kj;ajkafka' wdhs;a wdmiq n,kafka kE~~ lsh,' wkak tn
whg h bomdoh' B<g ;j;a flfkla bkakj wIaGdk Yla;sh
fmrgq lr.kak' hulg wIaGdkhla lr .;af;d;a ta wIaGdkh
wkqj ta ldhh iM, lrf.kuhs kj;skafka' tn wh ms<sn|j
wkak ;; bomdo lsh, lshkjd' B<g ;j;a flfkla bkakj
uxidj - m%{dj - bm;a lrf.k" fl Wr.d n,,d ffl
i;H;dj fldfyduo ls h , ug k.ka k k ls h , h ls i s
l=;=y,hla iska fmd<Ujkq ,nk mqoa.,hska' tn wh;a ;ukaf.a
ldrKh bIag lr .kakjd' wkak ta hghs nqmshdKka jykafia
foaYkd lr jodf<a' t;k uy .eUqre Ouhla ;sfnkafka' wr
~iuummOdk~ lshk ta hh fhdok w;frhs ;ukag ;ukaf.a
p;h ykd .ekSug mqjka jkafka'
ta wkqj nqmshdKka jykafia olajkj" we;e flfkla- w;S;fha
ix>hd jykafia,d .ek i|yka fjkj- we;e ix>hd jykafia,d
16

Pkao bomdoh lsh, lshk ta Pkaohu uq,alrf.k"- we;a;jYfhkau

Y%oaOdj wl wh .ekhs ta lshfjkafka rgGmd, iajdka jykafia
wd - tn wh Pkaoh bm;a lrf.k ksjka ud.fha" Ndjkd
ud.fha" id:l;ajhg meKshd' ;j;a flfkla hh bm;a
lrf.k' fidaK iajdka jykafia .ekhs ta;ek lshfjkafka" h_
rE wh w;r w.% yehg olajk' b;du;au ishque,s Yrhla we;sj
Wmkak kuq;a" w;=,a m;=,a j, f,d we;s hg uy mqu fha
ishque,s Yrhla we;sj Wmkak kuq;a" ta fidaK iajdka jykafia
m;=,a j,ska f,a .,k ;dla nrm;, wkaoug W;aidyhla hhla
fhdo,d ilauka lr,d nq mshdKka jykafiaf.ka h_h iu lrkak
lshk ta wkqYdikh mjd ,nd .;a;= flfkla' nq mshdKka jykafia
f f,dalfha" f Ydikfha" fndfydu l fokdghs h_ wvq lrkak
lsf' thska fmakjd fndfydu l,d;=rlska ;uhs jefjkafka' wms
f lsjg iuyr whf.a hh jehs lsh," ys;d.kak ;sfhkafka
ta ,Su muKhs' kshu h_h fkdfjhs' kuq;a h_h jvkak k'
h_ jv, bjr fj,hs hlsis wjia:djl iu;djlg m;alr .kak
mqjka fjkafka' h_h tfyu mskau w;yer, nE' fl bf isjk
fohla fkdf' t;fldg ta hg bomdo ykd.kakj'
ta bomdo ykd.kak wjia:dj fjk fldg we;a; jYfhkau wr
Pkao" h" ;;" uxid lshk foaj,a ka Th h_h .ek i|yka
fjk mdGj,;a lshfjk- ~~PJox cfk;s jdhu;s hx wdrN;s ;;x
m..Kyd;s moy;s~~ lsh,' h lsis foalg ork W;aidyh ms<sn|j
nq mshdKka jykafia jpk ud,djla fhdokj' hula ms<sn|j
Pkaohla we;s lr.kakj" leue;a;la we;s lr .kakj' B<g hhla
wrUkj" jEhula orkj' B<g is; lr .kakjd" wIGdk
Yla;sh msysgqjd .kakj' B<g ;uhs mOdk h_h' ;h mrjg
;n,d" ;h ke;sjqk;a lula kE f jef id:l lr,uhs
kj;a;kafka lsh, ta hg hh jeuhs mOdk h_h lsh,
lshkafka' Tkak Th hg nqmshdKka jykafia mo rdYshlska
lajqfj f ukqIHhd ;=< ie, ;sfnk h_h Yla;sh" ta uyd
h_h Yla;sh u;=lr .ekSughs' tfyu u;=lr .ekSf ;uhs wkak
wr hg ;u ;ukaf.a p;dkql+,j we;e flfkl=g Pkaoh ;snqkdu"
ta lshkafka Pkaofhka muKla fkdfjhs" ta leue;a; uq,a lrf.k
wks;a taj;a bfgu u;= fjkj' ta lshkafka hdfjda y;r fofkla
bkakj k tlaflfkla fmrgq fjkjd' wfkla wh;a weof.k hkjd'
17

~tkak" tkak~ lsh,d' wkak ta fha iajNdjhla ;sfnkj' p;dkql+,j

we;e flfkla Pkao bomdoh u;=lr .;a;yu wfkla boamdo
talg wkql+,j hkjd' h_ bomdoh u;=lr .;a;u wfkla taj;a Bg
wkql+,j hkj' Tkak Th hghs t;fldg bomdoj, jkdlu
;sfnkafka'
tajd hqKq lrf.k hk fldg Tkak ;ud ;=< we;sjk fjkihs
B<g olajkafk' idudkH fkdhqKq mqoa.,hd ;=<;a - f ld
<;a - ;sfnkj bkash lsh, fohla' t;fldg f bkash lsh,
lshkafka mxfJshhka' idudkH f,dalhd ys;kafka wei" lK" kdih"
j" Yrh lshk tajd .ek' ta mxfJshhka u.ska ;uhs f lrk
;r ymkal lrkafka' tajhs rc lrkafka f,dalfha' bkash lsh,
lshkafka rc lshk w:fhka' f f,dalfha rc lrkafka weihs"
lKhs" kdihhs" jhs" lhhs nj f mskaj;=ka okakj' f f,dalfha
we;s;dla ksIamdok fukak f mia fokdghs f.dre fjkafka' t;fldg
fukak fjdg- f bkashhkag - hgfj,hs f,dalhd mxpldu
im;a;sfha .e,s,d iskafka' kuq;a nqmshdKka jykafia,d olajkj
wkak wr lshdmq iuud jdhdu wdh fhdokfldg f mqoa.,hd ;=<
fYaI fjkila we;s fjkj lsh,' wuq;= fha bkash myla we;sfjkj'
tajd ;uhs ioOd" h" i;s" iud" m[[d lsh, lshkafka' ta hg
Ydiksl ;hg tl;= jqkq" fhda.djpr ;hg tl;= jqkq" flfkl=g
Tkak Th bkashhka w;aolskak mqjka- ;ud ;=< uyd mqu fha
bkashhka f.dvkef.k nj' ioOdj h_h" i;sh" iudh" m%{dj ta
Ou_dkql+, .uk hdug Wmldr jk ldrKd myla'
B<g tajd ;=<ska wr Bg m%;sreoaO jQ foaj,a" Y%oaOdjg reoaO jQ
ta ielh wdh" :HdoDIah wdh bj;a fjkj' h_hg reoaO jQ
l=iS; nj bj;a fjkj' Th wdldrfhka ta reoaO n,f. uev,k
w:_fhka B<g ta myu ykajkj ~n,~ yehg- ioOdn," hn,"
i;s n ," iud n," m[[d n, jYfhka ' ta mq o a . ,hdg ta j d;a
w;aolskakg ,efnkjd' we;e wjia:djl ;ud ;=< Wmk flf,ia"
ioOdj fmr lrf.k ch.kakj" ioOdj n,hla lrf.k' ioOd
bkash - Y%oOdj keue;s rcdg l:d lr, f f,df ug f
ch.%yKh ,nd fokak lsh, ioOd n,h fhdokj' h_ n,h
fhdokj' i;sh" iudh" m%{dj - Tkak Th hg t;fldg
bJsh" n, ms<sn|j nq mshdKka jykafia olajd jod<d'
18

B<g ta bkash n, hqKq lrf.k hdu ;=<ska l%ul%ufhka i;;

fndcCOX. fm< .eiSula fjkj' fndCOx. lsh, lshk i;s"
Ouuph" h" mS;s" miio" iud WfmlLd lsh, lshk tla;rd
fm<.eiaula ;udf.a ;a; ika;dkfha we;s fjkj' f orK h_h
;=<ska i;sh lsh, lshk ta isysh yhdldrj msysgk fldg ta ;=<ska"
Ouu ph lsh, lshk l=i,dl=i, Ou_hka ms<sn|j y wjfndaOh"
tajd ta ta ;eku h:d ;;aFjfhka wjfndaO lr .ekSf Yla;sh we;s
fjkj' i;s Ouuph ta hg we;s jqkdu tajdhska wl=i,a re
lsug;a" l=i,a jeug;a B<g hh Wmldr fjkj' t;fldg ta
hg i;s" Ouuph" h" Tkak t;k;a uy mqu hg l%udkql+,j
hkjd' i;sh ;=<ska ta Ou_hkaf.a h:d iajNdjh wjfndaO lr .kakj'
B<g krl foaj,a bj;a lr, fyd| foaj,a <x lr .ekSu i|yd
h fndCOx.h Wmldr lr .kakj' t;fldg i;s" Ouuph"
h' B<g ta h_h jvk fldg ;ukag ,efnk m%;sM,h ;=<ska
;uka ;=< h lsis m%S;shla we;sfjkj - mS;s' ta m%S;sh ;=<ska miio
lsh, lshk lfh;a isf;;a ixisula we;s fjkj' B<g ta ixisu
;=<ska iudh;a WfmalLd lsh, lshk m%{djg <xjQ ta W;= ;;aFjhla
,nd .kakj' WfmalaIdj iud jYfhka n,kj k p;=: OHdkh
yehg olajkj' Tkak iud ;;aFjhlg mefKkj" uOHia:
;;aFjhlg' ys; uOHia: ;;aFjhlg f.k tkak k
h:dN+;[dKoiik lsh, lshk f,dalfha h:d ;;aFjh wjfndaO lr
.kak' f,daN" fodai wd ta ta ms,aj,g jefgkafka ke;sj uOHia:
;;a F jhg" iemla wdfhka bj;a jq k q " ta j dg wef,k .efgk
iajNdjfhka bj;a jqkq" uOHia: ;;aFjhlg ys; f.akak k' Tkak
j ;uhs fndCOx. lsh, lshkafka' fndahg - ifndahg Wmldr jk wx.' ta y;hs ifndcCOx. yehg lafjkafk'
ta Tlafldu fm<.eiau fl<jr fjkafka wdh_ wIgdx.sl ud.fhka'
tal k wuq;=fjka > jYfhka ia;r fkdl<;a ta wdh wIagdx.sl
ud.h ;uhs we;a; jYfhkau fl,skau ksjkg < m%;sm;a;sh
yehg i<lkak mqjka jkafka' talhs tal w.g olaj, ;sfnkafk'
t;fldg wms l,amkd lrkak k i;r i;smgGdkfhka fn!oaO
mskaj;d wdrN lrk" i;r i;smgGdk N+fha wdrN lrk" ta
uQ,sl wNHdihhs wjidkfha wdh wIagdx.sl ud.fhka fl<jr
fjkafka' fl bf my< jk fohla fkdf' wr hg fYaI
hhlska" W;aidyhlska" i;shlska" iudhlska hqKq lr.; hq;=
fohla'
19

b;sx B<g wdh_ wIgdx.sl ud.h lshk tl' iuud g" iuud
ixlmm" iuud jdpd" iuud luuk;" iuud wdj" iuud jdhdu"
iuud i;s" iuud iud lsh, ta hg wh wIgdx.sl ud.h wg
wdldrhlska lafjkj' talhs wfhd wgGx.sfld uf..d lsh, lshkafka'
fl tfyu mskau iui;hla' f tllg tlla inkaO jqkq" wdhs
wglg lvkak ne hg uy mqu hg inkaO jqkq" taldnoaO
m%;smodjla" f wdh wIgdx.sl ud.h lsh, lshkafka' tal wr
l,ska lrmq udkisl" ;a;" jOkfh" wdOHd;al ixjOkfha
wjidk m%;sM,hhs' wjidk fm<.eiauhs lsh, lshkak mqjka'
t;fldg iuud gh- tf;ka wr ud.h lshk woyi wkqj
l,amkd lr, n,k fldg wms .ukla hkj k wfma bmsg
;sfnk ud.fh hkafka fld;ekgo lshk tl .ek h lsis
iksgqykla tfyu ke;ak ksYaphla" wjfndaOhla" we;s fjkak k'
ta w:fhka ;uhs iuud gh ykaj, , ;sfnkafk' tl me;a;lska
ta l=i,a wl=i,a ms<sn|j" fyd| krl ms<sn|j" idudkH wjfndaOh'
f ixidr .ufka .;s ud.fhka bj;a fj, iq.;s ud.hg
hdug Wmldr jk ksid my< ugka n,k fldg l=i,a wl=i,a
ms<sn| wjfndaOh;a iuud ghla' kuq;a by< ugka f iika
tf;r u h flfkla wruqKq lrkj k" tn flfkl=g wr
nqmshdKka jykafia,d" ;:d.; iuud inq rcdKka jykafia,d
muKla f,dalhdg olajd jodrk p;=rdh_ i;Hhhs iuud gh
yehg ie<lsh hq;af;a' ta ;=< ;sfnkafk h lsis ie,eiaula' f
ixidr meje;afu la iajNdjh;a" tal hg ;Kaydj ie,d isk
nj;a" ta ;Kaydj lshk msmdih ixisjd .ekSu W;=u iem; nj;a"
ta iem;g hk ud.h fukak f lshk wdh_ wIgdx.sl ud.hu
nj;a" lshk ldrKhhs f' tal h h m%udKhg jefvkj k ta
m%udKhg iuud gh Rcq fjkj" fl,ska fjkj" hqKq fjkj" ta
ika;dkfha'
t;fldg iuud gh wkqj B<g - ta hlsis flfkla .kak
oDIh wkqjhs is;= me;= my< fjkafka' wkak ta is;= me;= my<
u ms<sn| Ou;dj wkqj ;uhs iuud ixlmm lsh, lshkafka' f
mskaj;=ka fydka okakjd iuud ixlmm lsh, lshkafk wr fklLuu
ixlmm" wjHdmdo ixlmm" wysxid ixlmm kka ykajk ksjkg
keUqre jqKq .sysf.hska bj;a jqkq tfyu ke;ak mxpldufhka bj;a
jqkq ixl,am" is;=,s' tajdg fhduq u' B<g ffu;%S is;=,s" ysxidfjka
20

bj;a jqkq lreKd is;=,s wdh ta mqoa.,hdf.a ;a; ik;dkfha

ks;r mek k.skj' tajdg wkqrEmj mj;sk jpk ;uhs iuud jdpd
yehg lafjkafka' f mskaj;=kq;a f wdj wgGul iS,h iudoka
f wIGdk lr.;a;= fndre lS" fla,d lS" mreI jpk lS"
ksIaM, jpk fou wdfhka je<lSuhs iuud jdpd lsh, lshkafka'
mqoa., fm!reIfha imQK mj;khl=hs fuhska fmkakq lrkafka'
mqu fha mj;khla fu;k ;sfnkafka" l%udkql+, mj;khla'
t;fldg ta jpkh fjkia jkj;a tlalu ta mqoa.,hd l,amkd
lrkjd ud l:d lrk yehg jev ;sfhkak k lsh,' l%u
l%ufhka ta iuud luuk; lsh, lshk m%dK>d;" wkakdodk"
ldu:Hdpdr lsh, lshk jer j,ska fjka ug ta mqoa.,hd ;=<
W;aidyhla we;s fjkj' B<g ta W;aidyfha m%;sM,h ;j;a rg
f.khdu ;=<ska wr ;ukaf.a ldj;a yhdldrj iuHla wdjh
lsh, lshk ta kshu ld ud.hg;a fm<fUkjd' B<g ta
wdjh i|yd .kak" wdjh /l.ekSug .kak" W;aidyhuhs iuud
jdhdu yehg olajkafka' fldkau ;uka f.a is; lh jpkh
yhdldrj yiqrejd .ekSug orK W;aidyh ;=<ska wr l,ska lshdmq
i;r wdldr hh kQmka wl=i,a kQmou i|yd;a Wmka wl=i,a
fkrmd yeu i|yd;a kqmka l=i,a <x lr .ekSu i|yd;a Wmka
l=i,a ;yjqre lr .ekSu i|yd;a lsh, lshk i;r wdldr h_h
tf;ka bm;a fjkj" iud jdhdu yehg'
ta h_ fhf" we;a; jYfhkau h flfkla h_h fhdokj k"
fyd|g i;sh ;sfnkag k' ta ms<sn| fi,af,ka iskak k"
uqrldrfhla jf.a' ta ;=<ska ;uhs iuud i;sh fudarkafk' talu
;uhs wr l,ska lshjqkq i;r i;smgGdkh ;=< ;sfnkafk;a' ta
i;shg yiqjkafka we;a; jYfhkau ;ukaf.a f lh ms<sn|j;a"
wkqkaf.a lh ms<sn|j;a fuf;la woHdj ksid" tfyu ke;ak i;sh
ke;su ksid" ;ukag fkdjegyqkq hlsis i;H ;;a;ajhla ta wjia:dfj
wjfndaO fjkj' iuud i;sh kka i;r i;smgGdkh - ldhdkqmiikd"
fokdkqmiikd" ;;dkqmiikd" Ouudkqmiikd lsh, lshk wkak
ta i;r i;smgGdkh' b;sx ta i;smgGdkh lsh, lshkafka i;sh
msysgq uhs' ta .kakd wruqKq Tiafia i;sh msysgjq m%udKhg wkqj"
ta jf.au hk .eUqrg wkqj" iud ugula ;sfnkjd' m%:u OHdk"
fojk OHdk" wd jYfhka lafjk iu: jYfhka hlsis iudhla
we;s fjkj' ta tlalu wr oY_kd Yla;sfhka l=.ekajqkdu wks;H
21

#L wkd;a u ;% s , CIKh jevq k du ta l ud. iudh ola j d

fhduqfjkjd" hqKq fjkj' ta ud. iudh ;uhs fidajdka" ilod.d"
wkd.d" wry;a lshk wjia:dj, ta fhda.djprhdf.a is; ;=<
fjk lsisu f,!lsl iudhlg iu lrkag ne fha uyd m%n,
iudhla yehg bm;a fj,d wr flf,ia ug lm, ou, f
uq uy;a ixidrfhka of Yla;sh ,nd fokafka'
ta ;=<ska wmg fmakj t;fldg wdh_ wIgdx.sl ud.hhs we;a;
jYfhkau fn!oaOhdf.a m%;smodj" ue ms<sfj; yehg nq mshdKka
jykafia olaj, ;sfnkafka' kuq;a talg mQjNd.jk fldgi ;uhs
wr i;r i;smgGdkfhka wdrN fjkafk' ta tl tlla .ek .eUqka
l,amkd lrkak k' tajd f ld,fha fkd;ld yer," we;e g
wr w;S;fha fmd;mf;a i|yka jk blauKska ud._M, ,enQ we;e
flfkl=f.a ; ms<sn| foaYkd fndfyda W.;=kag fndfydu m%sh
fj, ;sfnkj' fndfyda wh tajd fidhdf.k hkjd' Th ndysh
odreh wd b;du;au blauKska" CIKslj" ud.M, wjfndaOh
,enQ wh ms<sn|j lshjkakg ,enqku tajd fndfydu f,dl=jg wrf.k
f ;ukag wdrNl jYfhka hd hq;= YS," iud" m%{d m%;smodj
ms<sn|j WodiSk fjkj' tajd wmg wjYH ke;s foaj,ah lsh,;a
we;e flfkla l,amkd lrkj' tal jer woyila' > ld,hla
ixidrfha uyd h rE" uyd mdr Yla;Ska we;s wh ;uhs nqoO
ld,fha ta hg tl foaYkdjla" fl foaYkdjla" wy, ry;a jqfka'
tal l,d;=rlska isjk fohla ksihs tal we;a; jYfhkau iQ;% .;
fj, ;s f nka f ka '
yeuodu fjk fohla fkdfjhs ' kuq ; a ta f l
idOdrKSlrKfhka wms;a ta jf.a wfhhs lsh, ys;=fjd;a wkak t;khs
jerk ;ek'
tal ksid wms l,amkd lrkak k nqmshdKka jykafia wr
id,duykqjr ix>hd jykafia,dg olajd jod< i;a;sia fndamdCIsl
Ou_ .ek' tajd ;=< ;sfnkjd wfma f ;a; ika;dkh f.dvk.d.kak"
l%udkql+,j f.dvk.d .kak wdldrh' wjidk jYfhka flfhka
i<ld .;af;d;a YS," iud" m%{d lsh,;a lshkak mqjka' tfyu
ke;ak fm<.eiaula jYfhka ie<l=fjd;a wjidk fm<.eiau ;uhs
wdh_ wIgdx.sl ud.h' f mskaj;=ka ljo;a wdh wIgdx.sl ud.h
fn!oaO ms<sfj; nj ms<s.kakj' t;fldg ta ms<sfj; ;=<u ;sfnkj
YS, iud m%{d lsh, lshk ta ;%sO YsCIKh' ta YsCIdfj yeisu
;uhs f fn!oaO m%;smodj' ta m%;smodj - ta m%;sm;a;s mQcdjhs - nq
22

mshdKka jykafia wr hg wjOdrKh lr, ;sfnkafka" ug lrk

by<u mQcdj m%;sm;a;s mQcdjhs lsh,' fudlo" nq mshdKka jykafia
nq jodf<a Th u,a mQcd wdh ukqIHhskaf.ka ,nd .ekSug
fkdfjhs' f w;s > ixidrfha fupr ld,hla f ixidr l
ka isk wm .ek wkqlmd lr, nqmshdKka jykafia uyd
mqu fha weia" bia" uia" f,a oka wd mdr mqr,d f
nqoaO;ajh ,nd .;af;a wr hg wdi mQcdj,aj;a" fohkaf.a
ukaodr u,a j;a" ika l=vqj;a" i,au,a j;a ,nd .kak fkdfjhs' ta
tllaj;a mrud:h fkdfjhs' kshu mrud:h f f,dalfha ixidr
lg je, isk i;a;ajhd ixidr lska uqod.ekSuhs' wkak talhs
nq mshdKka jykafia m%;sm;a;s mQcdj Wiia yehg ie<l=f'
nqmshdKka jykafia h mrud:hla i|yd nqoaO;ajh ,nd .;a;
k" ta mrud:hg ;ek foka" ta mrud:h f;are wrf.k" ta
wkqj Sj;a u ;uhs nq mshdKka jykafiag lah yels by<u
Wmydrh'
t;fldg ta ;=<ska wms wr wdi mQcdj bj; f kE' tal
m%;sm;a;s mQcdjg fodrgqjla yehg ilia lrf.k" m%;sm;a;s mQcdj
msug ffOhhla" Yla;shla" Bg we;s ndOl bj;a lsug ud.hla"
wkak ta hg l,amkd lrf.k wdi mQcdfj fhfokj k f
mskaj;=kag mqjks - f ;h .ek nq mshdKka jykafia m%ldY
l< wdldrhg f w;s> ld,hla ixidrfha woHdj ksid" ;Kaydj
ksid f hg Wmka uefrka we,a, ;sfnkj - f wjia:dfjj;a
ixidfrka fokak' ka wr inqoaO mksjdKh .ek lshk fldg
ta ix>hd jykafia,d fYdalfhka we<,S .sh nj" tl;= fj, idlPd
l< nj i|yka fjkj' ka ta fh ld,hla ;uhs wmg;a we,a,
;sfhkafk' inqoaO mksjdKh fkfjhs ka Ydik wk;O_dkh"
ioaOu wk;O_dkh <xff.k tk hq.hla' tal ksid wr lshdmq
hgu wms;a ixf.j;a fjkak k' t;fldg taflka wdrCIdug
k wr lshdmq .=KOu wfma wNHka;rfha j.d lrf.k" nq
mshdKka jykafia n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqkq ta mru mQcdfjka" W;= jQ
m%;sm;a;s mQcdfjka nq mshdKka jykafiag mQcd lsug wmg Yla;sh
n,h ,efjd lsh, wo ojfia" f jkd fjila fmdah ojfia"
wIaGdk lr.kak k'

f YS, m%;smodj ;=<ska B<g iudhg msfikak mqjks" iudfhka

m%{djg msfikak mqjks - wkak ta m%;sm;a;s ud.hghs wj;SK
jqfka' ta m%;sm;a;s mQcdf Yla;sh ;=<ska f mskaj;a msig f nqoaO
Ydikfha wjidk Nd.h t<U isk kuq;a yels;dla hjka;j
l<HdK ;% wdY% h ,ndf.k W;a i dy lr, f w;s Nhdkl
ixidrfhka w;a ug fidajdka" ilod.d" wkd.d" wry;a lshk
ud.M, m%;sfOfhka ixidr lska ug OuY%jK wdksixih;a
Wmldr fjd` Y%oaOd" h" i;s" iud" m%{d lsh, lshk bJsh
Ou" n, Ou h m%udKhlg f OuY%jKfhka ,enqkd k tal
wfma f ;fhau f wfma nK Ndjkd id:l lr .ekSug
Wmldrj;a fjd` lsh, m%d:kd lr .kak' ta jf.au f Ou_Y%jKuh"
Ou_ foaYkduh l=Y,h wkqfudaoka ug leu;s wfha isg wlksgd
olajd jQ wmf.a {d;Skq;a we;= h;dla msila we;ak ta yeu
fofklau;a f l=Y,h wkqfudaoka fuka ;ukaf.a m%d:_kSh fndahlska
W;= wuduy ksjka idCId;a lr;ajdhs m%d:_kd lrka f .d:d
lsh, mska muqKqjkak'

~ t;;dj;d p wfuyys ''''''''''''~~

t;fldg f mskaj;=ka wo Yd, msila Wiia YS,hla iudoka

fj,d ;u ;ukaf.a Yla;s m%udKfhka lh jpkh yslaujd f.k 23

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Concept and Reality in Early Buddhist Thought -(1971)*

Samyutta Nikaya - AnAnthology, Part II - Wheel No, 183/185 -(1972)*
Ideal Solitude - Wheel No, 188 - (1973)*
The Magic of the Mind - (1974)*
W;a;;r yqfol,dj -~oila~ wxl 172$173 - ^1990&*
-tu- ^kj uqKh&" Ou_ .%J: uqK Ndrh ^2001&
Towards Calm and Insight - (1991)
oiqka Wmfoia - ^1996&
ksjfka ksu - ^1997-2004&
-Ou_ .%J: uqK Ndrh" uyd Ndrldr fomd;_fka;=j
^imQK_ fmd; fj 11 lska ksl=;a we;'&
From Topsy - turvydom to Wisdom -Volume 1 - (1998)
(Essays written for 'Beyond the Net, - A website on the Internet
- Website address http:// www.beyond thenet.net)
myka lKqj Ou_ foaYkd - 1- fju - ^1999&
Seeing Through - (1999)
ys;l uysu - 1 - ^1999&
ksjfka ksu - m%:uNd.h - ^1-6 fj& - mqia;ld, uqKh^2000&
ys; ;ekSu - ^2000&
myka lKqj Ou_ foaYkd - 2 fju - ^2000&
Towards A Better World -Translation of 'Lo-wada-Sangarava' - (2000)
meje;au yd keje;au - ^2000&
we;s ye oelau - ^2001&
myka lKqj Ou_ foaYkd - 3 fju - ^2001&
l;f ie|E wr - ^2001&
lh wkqj .sh isysh - ^2001&
ud-msh Wjegk - ^2002&
m%;sm;a;s mQcdj - ^2003&
Nibbana - The Mind Stilled - Volume I - (2003)
myka lKqj Ou_ foaYkd - 4 fju - ^2003&
wkslauk - ^2003&
ys;luysu - 2 - ^2003&
myka lKqj Ou_ foaYkd - 5 fju ^2005&
myka lKqj Ou_ foaYkd - 6 fju ^2006&
Nibbana - The Mind Stilled - Volume II - (2005)
Nibbana - The Mind Stilled - Volume III - (2005)
Nibbana - The Mind Stilled - Volume IV - (2006)
Nibbana - The Mind Stilled - Volume V - (2007)
The Magic of the Mind - (2007)

* Buddhist Publication Society, P.O. Box, 61, Kandy

fn!oO .%J: m%ldYk i;sh" ;e'fm' 61" uykqjr