HEADQUARTERS CAPIZ STATE UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MILITARY SCIENCE AND TACTICS RD 603 (CAPIZ) Community Defense Center, 6RCDG,

ARESCOM Roxas City, Capiz

INSTRACTIONAL PACKAGED ON MAP READING AND LAND NAVIGATION

Prepared by:

A.LESON PLAN Administrative Data 1. TITLE: Map Reading and Navigation 2. OBJECTIVE: To acquired knowledge on how to orient the Map, determine its location and direction A. Task: At the end of lesson, the student be able : 1. To gain knowledge on how to use compass. 2. To orient the Map. 3. To determine the methods on locating points and distance. B. CONDITION: Students will given lecture, written and practical examination. C. STANDARD: the students are expected to understand, learn the target matter and attain maximum passing grade higher than 75% after the given practical explanation. 3. PRESENTED TO: Cadet and Caddettes 4. TIME ALLOTED: Four (2)hours 5. TYPE OF PRESENTATION: Lecture and practical exercises 6. ISSUED MATERIALS: Handouts/advance sheet 7. TRAINING EQUIPMENT: a. Additional Personnel: None b. Instructional aids: compass, map, ruler, protractor

B.LESSON OUTLINE
1. LESSON TITLE: MAP READING and LAND NAVIGATION 2. INTRODUCTION: 5 minutes
a. Background of the subject b. Motivation/Objectives c. Scope of the lesson

3. BODY: (10 min)

A. Explanation (35 min) 1. Definition of terms 2. Why Map is very important 3. Categories and uses of Maps 4. Marginal information 5. Azimuth and Back azimuth 6. Method of locating points 7. Elevation and Relief B. Application (5 min) The instructors give written and practical exercise after the discussing the subject matter.

4. REVIEW AND CRITIQUE: (5 min)

a. Summary/Recapitulation b. clarification of doubts c. Concluding statements

C. LESSON MANUSCRIPT
1. LESSON TITLE: MAP READING AND NAVIGATION 2. INTRODUCTION:FIVE (5 min)
Good day officers. What we are going to discuss is all about Map Reading and Land Navigation, as a future Officer it is essential that we have a broad knowledge on this subject because this not only an important but also mandatory subject in the Armed Forces of the Philippines. As future Officer of the Armed Forces of the Philippines is very important that we know on how to orient and read map,locate the points,direction and determine its distances in accurate.This is very essential and combat movements especially a leader.Because one (1) mistake during practical application,more life of your subordinate migt be suffer.

A.BACKGROUND OF THE SUBJECT

Maps and their substitutes are of particular value to the military establishment.It is frequently necessary identify ridge valleys of movement and other characteristic of a section of terrain that cannot reconnoiter in advance.Plans for future operation must be based on knowledge gained in part from maps and their substitutes.

B.MOTIVATION/OBJECTIVE:
Students must be given interrogative approach of instruction through question and answer portion be lecture then at the end of the lesson you must be able to: a.Orient the map and familiarize its uses

b. Aplly the theories principles and techniques as will as practical exercise. c. acquired skill, knowledge using compass when navigating

any types of terrain.

3.BODY: A. EXPLANATION : 1. ENUMARATE THE TYPES OF MAPS: Plan metric map Topographic map Photo map Joint operation graphics Photo mosaic Terrain model Military city map Special map 2. Discuss the parts of maps Sheet name Sheet number Series Name Scale Edition number Index to boundaries Adjoining sheet diagram Declination sheet diagram Bar Scale Contour interval note Spheroid note elevation guide Grid reference box Projection note Elevation guide Legend 3.KNOW ON HOW TO LOCATE PIONTS

B. APPLICATION: Call one or two POs and ask give an explain the important things about map reading. C.REVIEW AND CRITIQUE:(5 min) Summary /Recapitulation Clarification of doubts Concluding statements

D.ADVANCE SHEET
1. LESSON TITLE:MAP READING AND LAND NAVIGATION 2. LESSON OBJECTIVE: To be able to impart the knowledge on how to orient the map and what are the fundamentals of map reading. TASK: a) To gain knowledge on how to used compass. b) To orient Map. c) To determine the method on locating point and distance. 3. SPECIAL INSTRACTION: a. Read and understand the handouts issued. b. After the lecture, prepare for the quiz and practical exercise.

E. LESSON HANDOUT
SUBJECT: MAP READING 1. WHAT IS MAP?
A map is a graphical representation of the earths surface or it, drawn or formed to scale on plane. Manmade and features are depicted by symbols; lines, colors, and forms.

2. WHAT ARE MAPS IMPORTANT?

When used correctly a map can give accurate information on such factors as distance, location, heights, best routes, key terrain features, concealment and cover. With combat elements widely dispersed in an area which might be in any part of the world, it becomes more necessary to reply upon maps. Combat operation in modern warfare must be concerned not only with familiar areas but also the far flung theaters of the world. Vast amounts of materials must be procured, transported scored and phased into the proper place in the over all plan. By necessity, much of this planning be done on maps. It is readily apparent that a major requirement for any operation is an adequate supply of maps. Equally apparent is the fact that the finest maps made are worthless unless the map user knows how to read them.

3. CATEGORIES AND USES OF MILITARY MAPS:

The term military maps include all maps designed for use by the department of defense expects aeronautic and hydrographic charts. Military maps are usually identified according to scale and type. a. Scale= The scale is expressed as fraction and gives the ratio of map distance to ground distances. The terms small scale, medium scale and large scale maybe confusing when read in conjunction with the numbers. However, the

numbers must be viewed as fractions. When read that way, it quickly becomes apparent that one 1:600,000 of something is smaller than 1:75,000 of the same thing. Hence, the larger after 1: the smaller the scale of the map. 1. Small scale- Maps at scale of 1:600,000 and smaller are used for general planning and for strategically studies at the high echelons. 2. Medium scale- Maps at scale larger than 1:600,000 but smaller than 1:75,000 are used for planning operation, and including the movement and concentration of troops and supplies.

b. TYPES OF MAPS 1. Planimetric map Shows only the horizontal (flat) position of features. 2. Topographic map A two dimensional map which presents the horizontal (flat) and vertical (relief) positions of features represented. 3.Plastic relief map A topographic map printed in plastic and molded into a three dimensional form. 4. Photo map A map reproduction of photograph or photo mosaic upon which grid lines, marginal data, place, names, and boundaries maybe added. 5.Plastic relief photo map A photo map printed in Plastic and molded into a three dimensional form. 6.Photo mosaic- An assembly of aerial photographs to form a composite picture. 7.Military city maps- A large scale of topographic map of a city usually a scale 1:12,500. 8.Special maps- Maps for special purpose such as trainability maps, transportation maps, boundary maps, etc.

9.Terrain model- A three dimensional representation of an area, mold plaster, rubber of other materials. It is distinguished from the other maps in that it shows futuresrealistically instead of symbolically.

4.MARGINAL INFORMATION: The outer edges of a map contain information which is used to interpret the map. All map are not the same it is necessary, evrytime a different map is use, to examine carefully the marginal information.

a. Sheet name- Found into places; the center of the upper margin and the right side of the lower margin. Generally, a map is used after its outstanding cultural or geographical feature. Whenever possible the name of the largest city on the map is used. b. Sheet number- Found in the right margin of the map. c. Series number and scale- Found in the upper left margin of the map. d. Series number- Found in the upper right margin and in the lower left margin of the map. 1. The first entry of a series number maybe either numeral or letter, it is a number it indicates a word series, and if a letter, it is indicates a geographical regional area. 2. The second entry is always a number and indicates the scale group of the map. 1:250,000 1:100,000 1:50,000

e. f. g. h. i.

j. k.

l.

3. The third entry always a number and indicates the scale group of the map. 4. The fourth entry, identifies this series from others having the same scale and area average. Edition number- Found in the center of the lower margin. They are rulers used for the determination of ground distance. Bar scale- Located in the center of the lower margin. They are rulers used for the determination of ground distance. Index to adjoining sheets- Appears in the lower the margin. It identifies the map sheet surrounding the map. Index of boundaries- Appears in the lower margin. It identifies the map sheet surrounding the map. Grid reference box- Located in the lower margin and contains information or identifying the grid zone and 100,000 meters sq. in which the area presented by the map is located and instructions for giving grid reference on the map. Legend- Located in the lower left margin. It illustrates and identifies the topographic symbols used in the map. Declination diagram- Located in the lower margin and indicates the angular relationships of true north, grid north, and magnetic north. Contour interval- Found in the center of the lower margin and state the vertical distance between adjacent contour lines on the map.

5. TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP SYMBOL AND COLORS The purpose of the map is to permit on to visualize an area of the earths surface with pertinent features properly positioned. To make easier the identification of features on the map by providing or more natural appearance and contrast, the topographic symbols are usually printed in different colors, with each color identifying a class features. The color used what each represents are: a. Black- The majority cultural or manmade features. b. c. d. e. Blue- Water features such as lakes, rivers, and swamps. Green- Vegetable such as woods, orchards, and vineyards. Brown- Represents all relief features such as contours. Red- Represents main roads, built act areas and special features. f. Occasionally- Other colors maybe used to show special information. These as a rule, will be indicated in marginal information.

6. THE UNIVERSAL GRID(UTM)

TRANSVERSE

MERCATOR

The grid system- Consist of two sets parallel line