1.

Polyatomic Ions Backround Info: -In chemical reactons atoms tend to lose, gain, or share electrons to have 8 electrons (octet rule). -Many nonmetalic atoms share electrons rather than gaining or losing. -Covalent bond: when two atoms share a pair of electrons -Atoms can share one, two, or three pairs forming: single, double, or triple covalent bonds. -H:H (shared pair of electrons) -H. + .F: = H:F: (bonding pair form with elements that have one electron in outer shell) -:F.+.F: = :F:F: (bonding pair form with identical elements)

-Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms (that are sharing a pair of electrons) with a charge >NH4+ >H3H+ > (Element1) # (Element2)# (charge) > (Hydrogen)(Element2)# (charge) Chemical formula: Polyatomic 1. Element name/ put paranthesis around combo poly's unless there is a +1 2. Charge (is in column group)--if metal than its between 3/4 3. Switch charges 4. Drop pluses, minuses, and ones Charge of Element: -group number doesnt tell you excatly the charge but it tells you how many valence electrons there are -metals-lose electrons=charges become positive -nonmetals-gain electrons=charges are negative In HCL (hydrogen chloride) molecule the chlorine end is more negative than hydrogen why? Chlorine is more electronegative than hydrogen. Left to right (increase) Bottom to top (increase) electronegativity: atoms attraction for the electrons in a bond