RESEARCH PEOPLE AND ACTUAL TASKS ON MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES 6 8 JUNE 2007, LOZENEC, BULGARIA

PLAN AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION IN PLANT PRODUCTION AND STORAGE OF SILAGE CORN IN FOIL BOWELS
B. Bagari, V. Zebec, D. Jeloek, R. Zimmer
Abstract: Research of usage agricultural mechanization in plant production and storage hybrids of silage corn Pioneer FAO group 500 and 600 was performed 2006. year on familly farm Simental Commerce Osijek. Sowing hybrids was performed on grain distance in row of 18,35 cm. Highest yiedld of 65.238 kg ha-1 with 35,41 % dry matter was measured at hybrids PR34A92, and lowest of 57.857 kg ha-1 with 39,45 % of dry matter at hybrids PR35P12. On familly farm Simental Commerce in autumn 2006. year in 14 bowells was storaged (conserved) about 210 wagons of silage corn. Key words: agricultural mechanization, silage corn, plant production, storage, yield

INTRODUCTION In Croatia today is the most important application of corn in grain, cob and whole plant(silage). Base soil tillage for corn sowing depends of preculture. Basic soil tillage on depth of 25-30 cm had to be performed in autumn period, and toghether with ploughing have to perform basic fertilization. In early spring needs to perform additional soil tillage close winter furrow to stop looses of accumulated moisture and prepare soil for sowing. Crumbly surface layer and seed bed for grain is most practically perform with seed bed implement (Zimmer et al. 2004.). For silage of whole plant it's neccesary to choose hybrids of moddle and late vegetation (FAO 400, 500 and 600), and increase plant density for 1015%. In East Croatia beside mentioned hybrids it's possible to sow hybrids of FAO group 600 and 700 (Majdak et al. 2001.). Mowing whole plant is appropriately perform in fase of wax maturation of corn when grain consists 30-35% moisture. Yields of silage corn are often 40-60 t ha-1. Conservation of cutted mass of whole corn plant in East Croatia is performing, mostly, in horizontal silo of different capacities. However, three year ago in East Slavonia on good equipped familly farms silage corn very succesfully using silo haste AG-BAG storage-conserve in foil bowells ( Csermely et al.,2003.), (uljat , 2003.), (uljat, 2005.). This work will expose results of plant production of five hybrids of corn Pioneer seed groups FAO 500 and 600 and usage of tehnique in storage operation of silage mass in AG-BAG bowells on sample familly farm Simental Commerce Osijek in 2006. year. MATERIAL AND METHODS Plant production of five corn hybrids of Pioneer seed and storage (storageconserving) of silage mass performed in 2006. year on mixed familly farm Simental Commerce Osijek. After harvest of barley was performed rod soil tillage with harrow. On surface of experiment was distributed manure in doses of 6 wagon ha -1 and ploughed with four furrow revolving pough. In basic soil tillage on soil was distributed 600 kg ha-1 N:P:K formulation 0:20:30 and Urea (46%N) in amount 500 kg ha-1. Closing winter furrow was performed with seed bed implement, and sowing of corn hybrids PR35P12, PR34F02, PR34B23, PR34A92 and PR34N43 26. April 2006. with six row sowing machine Maxem RAU. Adapted in row distance for all hybrid was 18,35 cm, and depth of sowing 5-6 cm. Plant denstity was determined on lenght of 14,3 m. Cultivation and additional fertilization wasn't performed. Plant health treatment was performed with Primextra Gold in doses 3,5 l ha-1, Motivel in doses 1 l ha-1 and Cambio in doses 2 l ha-1. Mowing of hybrids with combine John Deere 6810 (6 row) with adapter Kemper Champion 4500 was performed 7. September 2006. Adjusted cutting lenght was 4-5 cm. Crop weight was performed with 1

RESEARCH PEOPLE AND ACTUAL TASKS ON MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES 6 8 JUNE 2007, LOZENEC, BULGARIA

stationary libra on farm Simental Commerce, and dry matter in Department for soil Osijek. Hasting was performed with silo haste AG-BAG G-6000 (www.ag-bag.de). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In vegetation of silage corn on experiment was measured amount and arrangement downfall, and middle monthly air temperature as it's showed in following tables. Table 1. Precipitation (mm) in growing season
Month 2006. 1993-2006. IV 95,5 59,0 V 79,3 65,6 VI 92,5 65,6 VII 15,3 67,9 VIII 122,6 75,2 IX 8,7 78,2 Total 413,9 411,5

In period from April to September 2006. year on experiment field falled 413,9 mm or 0,6 % more downfalls in comparison with perennial average. Extremly less downfalls were measured in July (15,3 mm) and Semptember (8,7 mm), and more in all other months, especially in August (122,6 mm) in comparison with perennial average.. Table 2. Average air temperature (C)
Month 2006. 1993-2006. IV 12,9 11,8 V 16,4 17,6 VI 20,5 20,7 VII 24,0 22,1 VIII 19,6 21,5 IX 17,9 16,5 Srednja/Average IV-IX 18,6 18,4

Middle air temperature for period of April to September of 2006. year for 0,2C less than perennial average. Warmer months were April, July and September, and slightly colder May, June and August. Table 3. Dry matter content and yield
Hybrid Average plant population (103) Dry matter (%) Yield kg ha1

PR35P12 70 39,45 57.857

PR34F02 68,5 34,88 58.095

PR34B23 72 38,31 63.571

PR34A92 71,25 35,41 65.238

PR34N43 70,25 37,47 60.476

The best plant density of 72.000 plants/ha were determined at PR34B23, and the lowest 68.500 plants/ha at PR34F02. The biggest yield at 65.238 kg ha-1 with 35,41 % dry matter were measured at hybrids PR34A92, and the lowest 57.857 kg ha-1 with 39,45 % of dry matter at hyrid PR35P12. Mowed and crunched silage corn was storaged (storage/conserved) in foil bowells. Key implement was silo haste type G-6000 company AG-BAG. It were used bowells of brutto lenght 60 m, diameter 2,4 m and fathness 0,28 mm, and for drive of haste were used tractor with engine power motora 55 kW (75 KS). In bowell filled with corn in lenght 55-56 m (brutto lenght 60 m) can admit about 150 tons of silage which is about 2,6-2,7 2

RESEARCH PEOPLE AND ACTUAL TASKS ON MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES 6 8 JUNE 2007, LOZENEC, BULGARIA

tons per lenght meter. On familly farm Simental Commerce in autumn 2006. godine in 14 boweills were storaged (storage/conserve) about 210 wagons of silage corn. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK After performed testing it is possible to conclude: - Familly farm Simental Commerce in plant production of silage corn on filed and storage (storage/conserving) silage in foil bowells on farm used effective tehnique and applied new technologies of acquiring quality pasturage. The biggest yield of 65.238 kg ha-1 with 35,41 % of dry matter were weight at hybrid PR34A92, and lowest of 57.857 kg ha-1 with 39,45 % of dry matter at hybrids PR35P12. - Usage of silo-haste AG-BAG type G-6000 on familly farm in autumn 2006. year in 14 bowells were storaged (storage/conserved) about 210 wagons of silage corn. Aceptability of tehnique and technology of storage (storage/conserve) silage corn in foil bowells for in interest of agricultural produciton for certain neccesary to detail research. REFERENCES 1. Csermely, J., Bellus, Z., Kelemen, Z., Schmidt, J., Sipocz, J (2003): Silaa u crijevima od folije (s AG-BAG preama), Izvjee o tehnikom i ekonomskom istraivanju proizvodnih tehnologija, broj 179 Instituta za poljoprivrednu tehniku Ministarstva poljoprivrede i razvoja zemlje FVM Mszaki Intezet; Gdll (tiskano u PUP broj 2/2003., Osijek) 2. uljat, M., (2003): Uskladitenje krme u crijeva AG-BAG preom, PUP broj 4/2003., reportaa, Osijek 3. uljat, M. (2005): Tovljai junadi uspjeni u europskim razmjerima, PUP broj 4/2005., Osijek 4. Jeloek D., Zimmer R., Juki M. (2005): Rana sjetva ranijih hibrida kukuruza Pioneer; XL Znanstveni skup hrvatskih agronoma s meunarodnim sudjelovanjem, 429430, Opatija, 2005. 5. Majdak, T., Petrov Vesna, Hrgovi, S (2001): Kukuruz, Hrvatski zavod za poljoprivrednu savjetodavnu slubu, Zagreb 6. Pioneer A DuPont company (2003): Pravilnim izborom hibrida kukuruza do visokih prinosa kvalitetne silae u duem vremenskom razdoblju, PUP, broj 2/2003., str 8-9 7. Pucari, A., Ostoji, uljat, M. (1997): Proizvodnja kukuruza, Hrvatski zadruni savez Poljoprivredni savjetnik, 1997., Zagreb 8. Zimmer, R., Kouti, S., Jurii, M., Duvnjak, V. (2004): Usporedba proizvodnje kukuruza sjetvom u orano, tanjurano i neobraeno tlo , 32. meunarodni simpozij Actual tasks on agricultural engineering , Opatija 427- 432 9. Zimmer R., Ki D., Kouti S. (2006).: Usporedba uzgoja kukuruza sjetvom u orano, tanjurano i podrivano tlo, 41. hrvatski i 1. meunarodni znanstveni simpozij agronoma, Poljoprivredni fakultet Sveuilita J. J. Strossmayera u Osijeku, 281-283 10. Pioneer A DuPont Company: Tehnologija koja daje vie, Pioneer sjeme Zagreb, 2005/06.

RESEARCH PEOPLE AND ACTUAL TASKS ON MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES 6 8 JUNE 2007, LOZENEC, BULGARIA

ABOUT THE AUTHORS B. Bagari, Agricultural faculty, University of J.J. Strossmayer Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia, E-mail: branimirbagaric@net.hr V.Zebec, Agricultural faculty, University of J.J. Strossmayer Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia, E-mail: fenix@pfos.hr D. Jeloek, Pioneer sjeme d.o.o., vrsnika 49A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia, E-mail: jelosek.damir@pioneer.com R. Zimmer, Agricultural faculty, University of J.J. Strossmayer Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia, E-mail: zimmer@pfos.hr