23.

THE FLEXIBLE BUS SYSTEMS USING ZIGBEE AS A COMMUNICATION MEDIUM

AIM:The main aim of the project is to design a Flexible Bus Systems Using Zigbee As A Communication Medium.

PURPOSE: The purpose of the project is to provide exact bus arrival time to passenger at bus stop.

Block Diagram: Bus Stop Section:

Power Supply

Zigbee Module

8051 Micro Controller

LCD

UART control circuit RFID Tag

Keypad

RFID Reader

Bus Module:

GPS Module

Power Supply

UART0 RX control circuit ARM7 RFID Tag RFID Reader UART1 LPC2129

Alarm LCD

Keypad Motor Driver Door Motor

Zigbee

DESCRIPTION:

The main objective of this paper is to do a research on the use of short range wireless technology called Zigbee in Demand Responsive Transit (DRT), making it much more efficient, reliable, and less expensive. This research is not the only way to develop this kind of a system and by no means suggested the best solution but it can definitely be one of the better alternatives we have till date and can be used in the areas where there are no 3G, WiMax or other long range wireless technologies available. Till now Zigbee is being used as in-house or invehicle technology but this research brings an idea of using Zigbee as communication tool for Inter-Vehicle and Vehicle to Infrastructure.Using Zigbee to communicate between Bus and the Bus Stop will also reduce the total cost of the system as Zigbee devices are far cheaper than WiFi, 3G and WiMax devices. Due to the fact that Zigbee is low power as compared to other short range wireless technologies like Wi-Fi, this system can be deployed in mountainous areas where power is a major concern. The algorithm of Flexible Bus System is devised in a way that this system replaces the scheduled bus lines systems and buses can dynamically change their routes according to passengers demands. Passengers are informed about the real time location of the buses which makes it easy for the passengers to decide whether to ride a particular bus or not making this system passenger friendly. Existing systems are carried out in a way that communication medium is long range Wireless technologies like 3G (cellular data). Everything in the System is connected to the Control Centre and all the information is shared with the Control Centre. Communication between Bus and Control Centre is through 3G; similarly communication between Control Centre and Bus Stop is through 3G. Installing the 3G modules on Bus Stop and Bus which are more than 1 in most of the cases will greatly increase the total installation cost of the system. Following are some drawbacks to this approach. 1. Installation cost is very high.2. Maintenance cost is very high. 3. High power consumption. 4. Cannot be applied in areas where there are no long range wireless (3G, WiMax) signals available (rural or mountainous areas). The proposed bus system called The Flexible Bus System has two sections. One is the bus stop section other is the Bus Module section. In the Bus stop section, we have RFID reader, Zigbee module. Once the passenger has come to the bus stop he may enquire about the bus arrival in the bus stop itself (ie) where the bus is currently now. After showing the RFID tag and

pressing the Destination key in the keypad. Then the system will request for the specific bus to send its GPS value. Then the GPS value is displayed in the LCD. In the Bus module we have Zigbee module, GPS module, RFID reader. The using GPS module can able to locate its current location. For receiving the passenger, a key is pressed to open the gate, and then the gate motor will run to open it. Once the passenger is entered inside the door will be closed by pressing another key. After that, the passengers are asked to show their Tag in the reader. The passenger has to show the tag and press dedicated key for the destination. Then the respective amount will be drawn from his account. If the bus stop module requests the bus module, it will respond through zigbee.

Hardware requirement: ARM7 LPC2129, 8051 microcontroller RFID Reader, Tag Zigbee, GPS Module LCD, Alarm Motor driver, Motor
Software requirement:

Keil Compiler Proload Flash utility

Advantage: Highly reliable Efficient way to provide an automation among the passenger and the bus

Applications: In public transport service

RESULT: Hence by the design of Flexible Bus System using Zigbee it is possible to provide Exact bus arrival time for passengers waiting at bus stop.