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3G HSDPA & WIMAX COMPARISON

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TECHNICAL
Dimensioning Study

WiMax Vs.HSDPA
3G Team Technical Department - Eng.Alaaeddin Alazmeh

APPROVED BY DEPARTMENT FUNCTION NAME SIGNATURE TECHNICAL 3G project manager EMAD SAKA AMINI Technical director AYMAN ZWIYA

DATE

REVISION HISTORY
REVISION DRAFT 1 00 01 02 DATE 15/04/2007 20/04/2007 02/05/2007 20/05/2007 Is Modified after recommendations of Eng.Emad Saka Ameni STATUS DESCRIPTION

DATE OF ADOPTION

20/05/2007

SYRIATEL RESTRICTED: THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS PROPRIETARY TO SYRIATEL, AND IT SHALL NOT BE USED, REPRODUCED OR DISCLOSED TO OTHERS EXCEPT AS SPECIFICALLY PERMITTED IN WRITING BY THE PROPRIETOR. THE RECIPIENT OF THIS INFORMATION, BY ITS RETENTION AND USE, AGREES TO PROTECT THE SAME FROM LOSS, THEFT OR UNAUTHORIZED USE.

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1.1

Purpose: Make a simple comparison between 3G HSDPA and WiMax, can WiMax challenge 3G? Scope : High level information about site count for a given area. Report: Wimax vs. HSDPA

1.2

1.3

TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT 3G Team, WIMAX & 3G COMPARISION

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Wimax, 3G and HSPA Comparison

Executive Summary:
In the following study we have made a comparison between Wimax and UMTS HSPA in 10 km area and find that; we need 2 UMTS(HSDPA) sites to cover 10 Km , on the other hand we need 3.7 Wimax sites to cover the same area.

Please note that this study doesnt take into account indoor loss, terrain, and interference. More WiMax sites are needed to cover the same area. UMTS 2 WiMax 3.7

No. Of Sites

As per Deutsche bank, it costs 35% more to provide coverage using WiMax technology Vs.HSDPA. 3G HSDPA offers ubiquitous access to toll-quality voice & broadband data services within a wide area using existing infrastructure. WiMax still under deployment but it is promising technology that offers high speed data rate with cost efficient core. To do deeper analysis for this technology, we recommend that we do a small trial WiMax network and test its performance and see if we can use it in Hot Spots and special applications.

TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT 3G Team, WIMAX & 3G COMPARISION

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We approached writing using the following steps:

1. Preparation: Primary Purpose (Wimax & HSDPA comparison) Assess readers (Technical director 3G Manager) Study scope coverage (High level information about Wimax & HSDPA) Determinate the medium ( PDF text file).

2. Research: Primary research (Technical references) Secondary research (Web documents, e-mail discussions, operating manuals and PPT files).

3. organization 4. writing 5. Revision

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Introduction:
WiMAX has gained significant momentum over the last year. Its standardization is complete, vendor and operator ecosystems are expanding, and the hype is getting louder, often justifiably so. In this report, we move beyond the hype and theoretical discussion; we look at real-world examples of pre-WiMAX deployments and review practical issues such as time-tomarket, business models and pricing, device availability, economics of scale and spectrum availability, with an emphasis on a number of key questions, most notably, can WiMAX challenge 3G?

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Radio Intro about Path loss models : Okumura-Hata model cont. Definition of parameters : hm mobile station antenna height above local terrain height [m] dm distance between the mobile and the building h0 typically height of a building above local terrain height [m] hb base station antenna height above local terrain height [m] r great circle distance between base station and mobile [m] R=r x 10-3 great circle distance between base station and mobile [km] f carrier frequency [Hz] fc=f x 10-6 carrier frequency [MHz] free space wavelength [m]

Okumura takes urban areas as a reference and applies correction factors Urban areas : LdB = A + B log10 R E Suburban areas : LdB = A + B log10 R C Open areas : LdB = A + B log10 R D A = 69.55 + 26.16 log10 fc 13.82 log10 hb B = 44.9 6.55 log10 hb C = 2 ( log10 ( fc / 28 ))2 + 5.4 D = 4.78 ( log10 fc )2 + 18.33 log10 fc + 40.94 E = 3.2 ( log10 ( 11.7554 hm ))2 4.97 for large cities, fc 300MHz E = 8.29 ( log10 ( 1.54 hm ))2 1.1 for large cities, fc < 300MHz E = ( 1.1 log10 fc 0.7 ) hm ( 1.56 log10 fc 0.8 ) for medium to small cities.

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Okumura-Hata model for medium to small cities has been extended to cover 1500 MHz to 2100 MHz

LdB = F + B log10 R E + G F = 46.3 + 33.9 log10 fc 13.82 log10 hb

E designed for medium to small cities 0 dB medium sized cities and suburban areas G =3 dB metropolitan areas

Wimax Path Loss = UMTS path Loss*(x + log3.5)/(x + log2.1)

Wimax Path Loss > UMTS path Loss

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Design Conditions:
Area size: 10 km2, see graphic below.

50 subs/km2

Core : 150 subs/ km2

50 subs/km2

Type B land (medium with no plains nor mountains) 50% of the clients with telephone service Block average lower than 1% Clientsdensity 50 clients per km2 in the surrounding area (2 areas of 2x2km2) 150 clients per km2 in a core area of 1x2 Km2 Re-use factor 1:10 (meaning that the average client will consume 51.2/13 kbps during peak hours) Average and maximum BER (lower than 10-4) Maximum delay lower than 50ms Base radio height: 20m CPE height: 5 m Frequency of platform work: Licensed band in 3.5 GHz, Non-licensed band 5.8 GHz Band of 2.3 GHz Band of 2.5 GHz Area = 10 sqkm Core = 2 sqkm Surrounding = 8 sqkm Traffic: Data Traffic Core = 150 client/sqkm x 2 = 300 clients
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Surrounding = 50 x 8 = 400 clients Average Peak Hour Rate, UL/DL = 13/51.2 kbps Peak Rate, UL/DL = 130/512 kbps UL/DL ratio = 1:4 for TDD recommendation (20 percent UL) Overbooking Factor = 10 Utilization = OBF/(Peak-to-Average Ratio) = 100 percent Total Bitrate Capacity Needed for Data: TotalBitrate,DL= 700 x 51.2 /1000 = 35.8 Mbps Voice Traffic (50 percent of clients at 30 mErlangs and 48 kbps) 1 Erlang = 48kbps, 30 mErlangs = 48x.03*3600/8000 = 0.648 Mbytes/hr Total voice traffic ~48x0.03/1000*350 = 0.51 Mbps (only 1.5%, too small) TotalBitrate,DL + Total voice traffic = 35.8 + 0.51 =36.3 Mbps

Wimax Sites Needed = 36.3/12 ~ 3 sites(sectors) full capacity (assuming 12 Mbps/site, 10 MHz) With voice traffic, utilization factor needs to be within tolerable delay (3 sigma) Sites needed, with <80 percent utilization = 4 sites (sectors).

UMTS sites needed = 36.3/(2*14) = 36.3/22.5 = 1.29 ~ 2 sites(sectors)

UMTS Sites No. 2

WiMax 3.7

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Wimax, 3G and HSPA comparison

HSPA, HSDPA

WiMAX

Channel bandwidth

5 MHz Global, highspeed

1.75 - 20 MHz Mobility is still under deployment

Mobility Average downlink user data rate

1 - 2 Mbit/s

6 Mbit/s

Average uplink user data rate

384 kbit/s

2 Mbit/s

Typical cell radius

2 - 10 km

1 - 5 km

TCP roundtrip time

100 ms

20 - 50 ms

VoIP support

yes

yes

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Wimax
Downlink multiplexing Uplink multiplexing Modulation Coding HARQ MIMO Frequency scheduling Frequency reuse Scalable bandwidth
BTS Wimax BTS HSPA
CS+PS ARQ

HSPA
CDMA CDMA QPSK, 16QAM Turbo Yes Expected R7 No, 5 MHz
IP header

OFDMA OFDMA QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM Turbo Yes Yes Yes Yes 1.25 20 MHz

ARQ Mobility

ASNGW

Security Mobility

L1 ARQ

RNC

ARQ
IP header

Security Mobility

BTS+adapter i-HSPA

IP header

Security Mobility

ASNGW BTS+adapter a-GW Mobility Security ARQ BTS) IP header

= access service network gateway = HSPA BTS + i-HSPA adapter = access gateway = handover control = encryption = higher layer ARQ (L1 ARQ in = IP header compression

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Wimax Frequency reuse Mobile antenna Channel impairment Base station antenna Main radio KPI Dominant Traffic Handover Scheme Own-cell Interference 1/3, 1/4 , 1, fractional Omni or directional Sensitive to doppler Directional, array SINR Data HHO

3G 1 Omni Sensitive to multipath Directional EcNo Voice SHO

HSPA 1 Omni Sensitive to multipath Directional SINR (EcNo) Data HHO (HSDPA) SHO (HSUPA) Other codes in the cell, nonorthogonality issues More frequencies

Adjacent Other codes in subcarriers at the cell, nonhigh doppler orthogonality issues Increasing the More frequencies OFDMA using Interbandwidth frequency Handover

Capacity Expansion

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Conclusion:
WiMax is a promising technology and shouldnt be ignored. The WiMAX technology continues to evolve with the WiMAX Forums approval of the Release-1 mobile WiMAX system performance profiles based on the 802.16e-2005 amendment. With OFDMA, mobile WiMAX can meet the stringent requirements necessary for the delivery of broadband services in a challenging mobile environment. These advantages will provide operators with added network capacity for the support of value-added services. Per the study above we need 2 UMTS sites to cover 10 Km; on the other hand we need 4 Wimax sites to cover the same area. To do deeper analysis for this technology, we recommend that we do a small trail WiMax network and test its performance and see if we can use it in hot spots and special applications. ____________________________________________

References:
*Source Sylvain Ranvier / Radio Laboratory /TKK, 23 November 2004,sylvain.ranvier@hut.fi *Source: ABI, Gartner, IDC, In-Stat/MDR, Strategy Analytics, 2004 & 2005 *5 Source: Average of Strategy Analytics (2006), Gartner (2006) and Forward Concepts (2005) *Source: Strategy Analytics, Nokia evaluation *Deutsche Bank documents

TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT 3G Team, WIMAX & 3G COMPARISION