FE; Aeration reduces service life of hydraulic fluid & causes damage to system components through loss of lubrication,

overheating & burning of seals FE: Cavitation consequences can be very serious, cause metal erosion or sometime major mechanical failure of pumps and motors. Cavitation occurs when the volume of fluid demanded by any part of hydraulic circuit exceeds the volume of fluid being supplied. This cause the absolute pressure in that part of the circuit to fall below the vapor pressure of hydraulic fluid. This results in the formation of vapor cavities within the fluid which implode when compressed, causing a characteristic knocking noise. Cavitation can occur just about anywhere within a hydraulic circuit, it commonly occurs at the PUMP

Check pump inlet, clamp, fittings, shaft seals

Abnormal Noise

Aeration or Cavitation

FC: Air contaminates hydraulic fluid

Role of Thumbs: - Hydraulic Pump create FLOW - NOT PRESSURE - Resistace to flow creates PRESSURE - Flow determines actuator SPEED - Pressure determines actuator FORCE - Fluid under pressure takes the path of least resistance - When fluid moves from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure (pressure drop) without performing useful work, HEAT is GENERATED

Check the reservoir fluid level, check that there are no obstructions to airflow around the reservoir, such as a build up of dirt or debris Inspect heat exchanger and ensure that the core is not blocked. The ability of the heat exchanger to dissipate heat is dependent on the flow rate of both the hydraulic fluid and the cooling air or water circulating through the exchanger. Therefore, check the performance of cooling circuit components and replace as necessary. Inspect the system for possible causes of aeration because air generates heat when compressed

FC: Anything that reduces the systems capacity to dissipate heat

FE: Damaging seals and reducing the service life of the hydraulic fluid

Hydraulic System
High Fluid Temperature

Pressure relif valve should be set 250 psi above the pressure setting of the pumps pressure compensator Hydraulic system that operate consistently above 85 C usually have insufficient cooling capacity for the ambient temperature in which the machine is operating. In this case additional cooling capacity will need to be installed. WARNING : the temperature of hydraulic components can exceed 90 C, therefore do not try to identify heat generating components by touch (can cause serious burn) AVOIDANCE : Fluid temp above 82 C damage seals and reduce the service life. Fluid temp is too high when viscosity falls below the optimum value for system component also this depend on viscosity grade of fluid in system and can be well below 82 C

FC: Anything that increases the heat load on the system. Commonly in closed circuits is the setting of relief valves below or to close to, the pressure setting of the variable-dispalcement pums pressure compensator. This prevent system pressure from reaching the setting of the pressure compensator.

FE: Can cause damage to system componens through inadequate lubrication as a result of excessive thinning og the oil film

Locate where FLOW is being lost from the system REMEMBRANCE: Where there is internal leakage there is a pressure drop and Where there is a pressure drop heat is generated. Increasing the heat load on hydraulic system cause slow operation and high fluid temperature often appear together. When fluid temperature increase viscocity decreases. When viscosity decrases, internal leakage increases. When internal leakage increases, heat load increases, resulting in further increase in fluid temperature and so the cycle continues

Slow Operation

FC: Loss of FLOW, can escape from external or internal leakage. External (burst hose) Internal (pump, valves or actuatos)

FE: Reduction in machine performance is often the first indicationthat there is something wrong with the hydraulic system (FLOW determines actuator SPEED

Hydraulic System Common Sypmtoms & Problems.mmap - 23/04/2012 - Mindjet