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KINDS of PRONOUNS (July 17-18, 2012)

A. PERSONAL PRONOUNS these pronouns generally refer to people or other things. SINGULAR PERSONAL PRONOUNS Person First Second Third Subjective I you he, she, it Objective me you him, her, it Possessive my, mine your, yours his, her, hers, its

PLURAL PERSONAL PRONOUNS Person First Second Third Subjective we you they Objective us you them Possessive our, ours your, yours their, theirs

B. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS theses pronouns are used to indicate the location of the noun in reference to the speaker. Singular Near the speaker Far from the speaker this that Plural these those

These demonstratives function as pronouns by themselves but as determiners if they com before a noun. EXAMPLE: This is old. (used as a pronoun) This camera is old. (used as determiner) C. RELATIVE PRONOUNS - these pronouns connect a dependent clause to a main or independent clause. They also follow the same rules as those of the personal pronouns. Case Subject Object Possessive Persson who/that/whoever whom/that/whomever whose Non-person which/that/whichever which/that/whichever whose

EXAMPLE:

It will be easy for Caren who achieves many things to be promoted.

D. INDEFINITE PRONOUNS these pronouns refer to persons, places, or things in general. They do not need specific antecedents or nouns which pronouns refer to. (Pronouns can be antecedents as well.) SINGULAR INDEFINITE PRONOUNS Indefinite pronouns in this table require a singular verb. Another Anybody Anyone anything Each Either every EXAMPLE: Everybody Everyone Everything Little Much Neither nobody The student left the book. Somebody left the book. PLURAL INDEFINITE PRONOUNS Indefinite pronouns in this table require a plural verb. both EXAMPLE: few many others Several No one Nothing One The other Somebody Someone Something

The siblings have purple blouses. Both have purple blouses.

The teachers left the school already. Many left the school already.

SINGULAR or PLURAL INDEFINITE PRONOUNS Sentences having these indefinite pronouns must have verbs that agree with the noun after the preposition of. All A lot EXAMPLE: any lots more most none plenty Some Such

Most of the chocolates were expired. Most of the chocolate was expired. A lot of cabinets were ordered. A lot of wisdom is needed.

E. INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS these pronouns are used in questions. These are who, whom, whose, which, what.

EXAMPLE:

The students are cooperative with the teacher. Who are cooperative with the teacher?

F. RECIPROCAL PRONOUNS these pronouns express mutual relationship or feelings between two or more persons, animals, or things. EXAMPLE: They embraced each other before the departure. Talk with one another if you want to get along well.

G. COMPOUND PERSONAL PRONOUNS these are formed by adding either self or selves at the end of personal pronouns as shown below. myself yourself himself/herself ourselves yourselves themselves

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS used to refer back to the doer of the action. EXAMPLE: Gideon cried at himself when he failed the test. Janna cut herself while peeling the potato.

INTENSIVE PRONOUNS used to emphasize the doer of the action. EXAMPLE: It was the children themselves who cooked.

SECOND YEAR SW 1.6: Grammar. Copy and answer in your notebook. Identify the kinds of the underlined pronouns. Do You Doodle? (Readers Digest, July 2004, p.21) Good news, doodlers: the next time 1. you are caught scribbling away in a meeting or lecture, explain that 2. you are improving 3. your concentration. A study by a UK psychology professor has shown that people 4. who doodle have better recall. Professor Jackie Andrade asked 40 people to listen to a very dull message and write down names of people mentioned. Half were told to doodle naturally while 5. others simply sat and listened. Lo and behold, the doodlers were better at concentrating and recalled more information. The reason, 6. she says, is because doodling stops daydreaming and helps people pay attention. 7. We know that daydreaming takes 8. a lot of mental energy, 9. she says. The best thing is to concentrate on a single task, but otherwise try doodling to stop 10. your mind wandering.

THIRD YEAR SW 1.6: Grammar. Copy and answer in your notebook. Identify the kinds of the underlined pronouns. Whats Behind The Name? (Readers Digest, October 2009) Ryosuke Namiki, 1. who founded Pilot, realized the need for improving existing pens used for drawing during 2. his tenure as a professor at the Tokyo Merchant Marine College. After making a prototype fountain pen, 3. he formed a partnership with one of 4. his colleagues, Masao Wada and started manufacturing and selling fountain pens in 1918. The company was named The Namiki Manufacturing Company. In 1938, 5. it was renamed, The Pilot Pen Co., Ltd., and subsequently named Pilot Corporation in 1989. Throughout 6. our rich heritage of over 82 years, 7. we have played a leading role in the industry, developing new technologies, introducing imaginative designs and creating new materials. Using 8. our vast technological expertise and modern research facilities we now manufacture 9. all sorts of writing instruments using 10. our own technology and components to quality is total.

SECOND YEAR

(July 19, 2012)

Q 1.6: Grammar. Copy and answer. Identify the kinds of the underlined pronouns. Per. Pro.(personal pronouns) Dem. Pro. (demonstrative pronouns) Rel. Pro.(relative pronouns) Ind. Pro.(indefinite pronouns) Int. Pro. (interrogative pronouns) Rec. Pro. (reciprocal pronouns) Comp. Pro. (compound personal pronouns) Ref. Pro. (reflexive pronouns)

When 1. I look at the sky, 2. which you have made, at the moon and the stars, which you set in their places 3. what are human beings that you think of 4. them; mere mortals, that you care for them? Yet 5. you made them inferior only to 6. yourself; 7. you crowned them with glory and honor. You appointed them rulers over 8. everything you made; you placed 9. them over 10. all creation. -Psalm 8:3-6 GNT THIRD YEAR Q 1.6: Grammar. Copy and answer. Identify the kinds of the underlined pronouns. Per. Pro.(personal pronouns) Dem. Pro. (demonstrative pronouns) Rel. Pro.(relative pronouns) Ind. Pro.(indefinite pronouns) Int. Pro. (interrogative pronouns) Rec. Pro. (reciprocal pronouns) Comp. Pro. (compound personal pronouns) Ref. Pro. (reflexive pronouns)

And God spoke 1. all these words: I am the LORD your God, 2. who brought you out of Egypt, out of the land of slavery. 3. You shall have no other gods before 4. me. You shall not make for 5. yourself an idol in the form of 6. anything in heaven above or on the earth beneath or in the waters below. You shall not bow down to 7. them or worship them; for I, the LORD your God, am a jealous God, punishing the children for the sin of the fathers to the third and fourth generation of 8. those who hate 9. me, but showing love to a thousand generations of those who love me and keep 10. my commandments. Exodus 20:1-6

NOTE: Please tell the students the following before taking the test: Use one (1) whole sheet of paper With margin Leave one (1) space Cursive writing Avoid dirty erasures Thanks and God bless you!!!