GENERAL PROVISIONS OF 1170BREACH [Liability for damages- Art ] OBLIGATIONS [ARTS. 1156A. CAUSES a.

Mora/ Default or Delay [Art 1169] 1162]

DEFINITION (vs. Contracts) [Art 1156] ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF OBLIGATION
a. Juridical Tie/ Vinculum b. Active Subject/ Creditor c. Passive Subject/ Debtor d. Prestation/ Object No Demand when: Expressed, Nature, Useless i. Solvendi ii. Accipiendi iii. Compensatio Morae b. Dolo/ Fraud [Art 1171] c. Culpa/ Negligence [Art 1172] d. Contravention of terms of the Obligation

ETC

Impossible Condition [Art 1183] Positive Condition [Art 1184] Negative Condition [Art 1185] Constructive Fulfillment [Art 1186] Retroactivity [Art 1187] Pres. Of Right & Undue Payment [Art 1188] Loss, Deterioration, Improvement [Art 1189]

RECIPROCAL OBLIGATIONS [Art

1191-1192] A. EFFECT B. COURT APPROVAL C. RESOLUTION [Art 1183] V. RESCISSION [Art 1191]

SOURCES OF OBLIGATION [Art

1157]

e. Law [Art 1158] f. Contracts [Art 1159] g. Quasi-Contracts [Art 1160]

Voluntary

Characteristics: Lawful, Unilateral, Kinds: Unauthorized management,

FORTUITOUS EVENT [Art 1174]

Undue payment

Not instituted: Waived, Independent, Filed ahead i. Quasi-Delicts [Art 1162] Elements: Fault/ Negli, Damage/ Injury, Causal Rel Vs. Crime & Culpa Contractual Table

h. Delicts [Art 1161]

Kinds: Fortuitous/ Man, Force Majeur/ God Requisites: Independent, Unforeseen/Inevitable, Impossible to comply in a normal manner, no participation Cant Cancel when: law, stipulated, nature

OBLIGATIONS WITH A PERIOD

[Art 1193] A. SUSPENSIVE PERIOD B. RESOLUTORY PERIOD

USURIOUS TRANSACTIONS [Art

1175]

PRESUMPTIONS [Art 1176] REMEDIES OF CREDITORS [Art

1177] A. FULFILLMENT/ SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE B. LEVY PROPERTIES C. ACCION SUBROGATORIA (ex. Collect from debtors debtor) D. ACCION PAULIANA rescind

NATURE AND EFFECTS OF OBLIGATIONS [ARTS. 11631178]

PRESTATIONS A.TO GIVE

[Art 1194] Loss, Deterioration, Improvement [Art 1195] Pre-payment [Art 1196] Presumption of Benefit of Both [Art 1197] Court fixes period [Art 1198] Debtor loses right of period

MULTIPLE OBLIGATIONS
A.

a. Indeterminate/ Generic Thing b. Accessory Obligations in Determinate Thing i. Exercise with due Diligence [Art 1163] PURE & CONDITIONAL ii. Deliver the Fruits [Art 1164] OBLIGATIONS iii. Deliver Accessions and Accessories A. PURE [Art 1179] no term, no [Art 1166] condition, legally demandable at once. c. Remedies for Determinate Things i. Specific Performance (+ Damages) B. CONDITIONAL [Art 1181] ii. Rescission (+ Damages) Suspensive Condition iii. Damages Resolutory Condition [Art 1190] B. TO DO Potestative Condition [Art 1182] Depends on Debtor - void C. NOT TO DO Depends on Creditor - valid Casual Condition - valid Mixed Condition valid

DIFFERENT KINDS OF OBLIGATIONS [ARTS. 11791230]

CONJUCTIVE OBLIGATIONS ALTERNATIVE OBLIGATIONS [Art 1199] Debtors Choice [Art 1200] Creditors Choice [Art 1205] [Art 1201] Takes effect when communicated [Art 1202] Loses Right When [Art 1202] Rescission When [Art 1205] Charges C. FACULTATIVE OBLIGATIONS [Art 1206]

B. a. b.

JOINT & SOLIDARY OBLIGATIONS A. B.

JOINT OBLIGATIONS [Art 1208] SOLIDARY OBLIGATIONS [Art 1207]

JOINT INDIVISIBLE OBLIGATIONS

[Art 1209]

DIVISIBLE & INDIVISIBLE OBLIGATIONS[Art 1223]

[Art 1210] - Indivisible vs. Solidary [Art 1211] - Solidary despite different terms and conditions [Art 1212] What creditors may do useful; not prejudicial [Art 1213] Cannot assign without consent of others [Art 1214] pay to any Solidary creditors unless demanded [Art 1215] Novation, Compensation,
Confusion, Remission

[Art 1216] Proceed against any of the solidary debtors [Art 1217] Effects of Payment [Art 1218] Effect of Payment of an Illegal Obligation [Art 1219] Effect of Remission after Total Payment [Art 1220] Remission /= Reimbursement [Art 1221] Effects of loss or Impossibility [Art 1222] Kinds of Defenses [Art 1224] Joint Indivisible obligation [Art 1225]- What are divisible and indivisible obligations

OBLIGATIONS WITH A PENAL CAUSE

[Art 1226] [Art 1227] [Art 1228] damage [Art 1229] [Art 1230] principal Penal Cause Debtor no exemption No need of proof of actual reduce penalty Nullity of penal cause or