St.

John Ambulance

Basic First Aid Course

Welcome
1

Your Trainer

Sheila Sinton
2

Incident Management
Assess Make Safe Give Emergency Aid Get Help Deal with the aftermath

Primary Survey
D

Danger

R Response A B

Airway Breathing

C Circulation
4

Adult (Child 8 +)

Choking - Conscious Encourage cough

Up to 5 Backslaps

Up to 5 Abdomen thrusts Repeat if needed

5

Asthma

Struggle to breathe out Wheezing, Distress, anxiety, exhaustion Tight chest Blueness of skin
7

Asthma Reassurance Sit & lean forward Fresh air Use of own medication Can repeat dose after 3 mins Report to Doctor after an attack
8

Asthma

Get the Ambulance quickly if: It is first attack Inhaler has no effect after 5 minutes Severe respiratory distress Shows signs of exhaustion
9

10

Shock Danger ABC Treat any obvious cause Lay them down, head low If injuries permit raise & support the legs Loosen tight clothing, protect from cold
11

Shock

DO NOT

12

13

Anaphylactic Shock Injection of a drug Some medication Insect sting

Some food (nuts)

14

Anaphylactic Shock Wheezing Gasping for air Airway may swell Tight chest Swelling around face and chest Puffy eyes Red skin blotches
15

Anaphylactic Shock Get help (ambulance) Casualty to use own medication (Epinephrine)

Conscious - Sitting up supported Unconscious Recovery position Observe, CPR if needed

16

17

18

Bleeding

Severe bleeding = Priority to control bleeding Slight bleeding = Priority to prevent infection

19

Minor Bleeding Wash and dry your own hands Cover any wounds you have Use disposable gloves Clean wound under running water Pat dry the wound with sterile dressing
20

Minor Bleeding Clean round the area protecting the wound Swab away from the wound Cover the wound with a sterile dressing
21

Bleeding Examine Direct Pressure Elevate limb Dressing Position lie down, Feet raised Call ambulance
22

Bleeding Advise doctor if infection, animal bite, dirty object

Think tetanus (10 Years)

23

Nose Bleed Pinch the soft part of the nose with fingers for 10 minutes Release Apply for a further 10 min if needed After 30 minutes Hospital treatment
24

Embedded object in wound Pressure on sides of wound and object Light dressing on wound Build padding around object Bandage in place

25

Bruises

R Rest I
Ice

C Compression E Elevation
Medical Aid
26

27

Burns Cool with water for 10 minutes Remove Constrictions Dressing Clean plastic, cling film Do not cover face Hospital
28

Burns

Dont?

Dont Touch the burn Dont Apply lotions or creams

Dont Burst blisters Dont Remove sticking clothing Dont Apply fluffy materials
29

30

Poisons

Food Plants, Berries, Pills Do not make them vomit Identify poison Observe: Response, Breathing, Pulse, Hospital
31

Poisons

Fumes Smoke Solvent Safety Fresh air Observe:Response, Breathing, Pulse. Hospital
32

Poisons

Pesticides Corrosive (acid) Running water for 20 minutes Hands off Wash off Clothes off Observe: Response, Breathing, Pulse. Hospital
33

Poisons

Liquids Splash

Running water for 10 minutes Protest good eye Observe: Response, Breathing, Pulse Hospital.
34

Poisons Get Medical Help quickly Complete rest Identify the poison Send specimen to hospital Observe: Response, Breathing, Pulse
35

36

Fractures Pain Limited movement Unnatural shape Swelling and bruising Snap
37

Fractures

Steady & Support Immobilise the part Legs supported in position found Use blankets, coats etc. Control any bleeding
38

39

Head Injury Response Ask a question More than 3 minutes? 10 minute checks

Unconscious Support head Jaw Thrusts (if needed)

40

41

Major Epileptic Seizures

1 - Brief warning 2 - Sudden loss of consciousness, fall & cry 3 - Convulsive movement, rigid, arching back Face & neck red then blue Jaw clenched 4 - Relaxed, daze, sleep
42

Epileptic Seizures Head injury High temperature Some poisons Epilepsy

43

Minor Epileptic Seizures Staring blankly ahead Slight twitching of lips, eyelids, head Lip-smacking, chewing, fiddling Making odd noises May have warning card Condition known by friends
44

Minor Epileptic Seizures

Protect them until fully recovered Sit them down quietly in a safe place Reassurance Advise doctor, if they do not know their condition
45

46

Major Epileptic Seizures

Ease fall if possible Make space Protect head Record duration Afterwards, into recovery position Ensure complete recovery
47

Major Epileptic Seizures Ambulance: 1st fit, Repeated fits, 10 min duration Do not: Move them, Restrain, anything in mouth
48

(Febrile Convulsions) Child Seizures Violent muscle twitch, clenched fist arched back, eyes upturned Fever, hot, flushed, sweating Breath holding Loss of consciousness Infection of throat, ear, illness with high temperature
49

Child Seizures Protect with pillows Remove outer clothing Fresh air Sponge childs skin with tepid water working from forehead then down body Reassure parents Consider Paracetamol Medical care or ambulance
50

Thank you for your attention.

Any Questions?

51

www.ni.sja.org.uk
Log on & Join up!
52