CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

A. Background of problem The study of syntax in contemporary linguistics emerged in the seventeenth century as a subfield of Grammar.In 1880, the psychologist Wilhelm Wundt proposed the constituent-structure model in place of the dependency model of grammar, which would become the key structural model of the twentieth century. Introducing the graphic tree, he suggested that the basic structure of a sentence isnt made up of the dependency between words, but rather of the way in which the sentence can be divided into parts. The common use of the term "clause" is different from that employed by some clause structure theories of syntax. The everyday understanding of the clause is a group of words that consist of subject and predicate or more words, whereas depending on the theory of syntax that one employs, individual words may or may not qualify as clause.

B. Formulation of problem

Based on background of the problem above, thus the writer formulates the problems are follows. How the used of clause based on the structure at the text of peter and mountainy men

The use of the research 1. Theoritical uses Theoritically, the result of the research is expected to give a clear explanation in term of syntax study, especially in subfield of syntax.

2. Practical uses Practically, it is hoped that the result of this research can show a clear explnation not only for student but also for teacher in process of teaching and learning language in order to be comprehen about it.

CHAPTER II THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK

A.

The concept of syntax Into of the nineteenth century, the linguistic subfield of Semantics, which studies

meanings and their relationship to signs, emerged as an equally prevalent study as was Syntax. The relationship between syntactic structure and semantic meaning has been one of the most prevalent debates in linguistics and for future applications of syntactic theory. Theorists vary both in the degree of similarity they see between the two structures, and in how they believe their uniformity should be mapped. Some theorists take the semantic meanings to operate according to the same formal nature as syntactic structures; some regard semantic meanings and syntactical forms to be of different structural types; and some hold meaning to be basically amorphous. Mapping this relationship varies from one approach that holds that meaning maps transparently onto syntactic structure, where the same meaning always maps onto the same syntactic structure; to another that considers that distortion occurs in the course of derivation where the underlying structure is regular; to another that considers derivation to be uniform.

B. The concept of syntactic unit Word phrase clause sentence Definition Phrase is : A group of words or a grammatical unit that has a meaning and non-predicative. or a group of words that work as a unit but do not include a subject-verb combination

Definition Clause is

a group of words that contains a subject and a predicate. A clause may be either a sentence (an independent clause) or a sentence-like construction within another sentence (a dependent clause).

Definition Sentence is the written expression of a complete thought. In most sentences the reader is given one complete piece of information. This unit teaches you how sentences work and how to write a good sentence. Sentence divided to simple sentence, compound sentence, complex sentence, compound complex sentence

C. The concept of clause based on the structure

Definition of clause A group of words that consist of subject and predicate a unit of language which as a minimum consist of noun and verb with its complement and adjunct.

Definition of independent clause It is usually named as coordinate clause; it has complete structure and can stand itself.

Definition of dependent clause It is usually named as subordinate clause; it has no complete structure and should be join with independent clause.

CHAPTER III RESULT OF THE RESEARCH

A.

Research Findings In this paper, kinds phrase ere used as unit of data collecting and analyzing. It is

based on the focus of research. In this case, clause as unit of data collecting is aimed to analyze the use of phrase that occured in the text of body language. The source of data was taken from senior high school book.

Independent clause What do you want? He would not help We need today He met Ive given He felt
He said

Dependent clause Pleading for food Join us Bring you Told him

He tugged He continued Why dont you come?

Independent clause People clapped The games began The leprechauns played I know Peter reached We hope
The miller felt

Dependent clause

He promised The little people visited

CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

A. Conclusion

Based on the discussion above that type of clause based on the structure divided into two part, they are independent clause and dependent clause. And then you will distinguish which one independent clause or dependent clause.

B. Suggestion

Suggestion based on the result of the research The writer suggests to the learners for studying the syntactic stuctures as well as possible.

Suggestion for further research The writer suggests for futher research can find out new information and research for next studies and further generation particularly about clause.

Adding your knowledge about clause, particularly you can distinguish about independent clause or dependent clause and give your reference for your studies.

REFERENCES

Aitchson, jean. Linguistic. Oxon : Bookpoint Ltd., Chaer, Abdul. Linguistic Umum. Jakarta: PT. Rineka Cipta, 2007. Grace Eudia. Look Ahead an English for Senior High School Students. Jakarta: Erlangga, 2000. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrase http://www.harmony.org.uk/book/linguistics_syntax.htm http://web.mst.edu/~gdoty/classes/concepts-practices/def syntax.html

The Use of Clause

A Research Paper

Submitted To Fulfill Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement of Morphology and Syntax Subject

Arranged by

Name Student Number

: yeyen nurazizah : 1012100

ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM ISLAMIC STUDIES COLLEGE OF SYEKH MANSHUR PANDEGLANG 2013

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CONTENT

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION A. Background of Problem ..................................... B. Formulation of Problem ..................................... C. The Uses of the Research ................................ 1 1 2

CHAPTER II

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK A. Concept of Syntax ............................................. B. Concept of syntactic unit ................................... C. Concept of clause ............................................ 3 3 5

CHAPTER III

RESULT OF THE RESEARCH A. Research Findings ............................................ 6

CHAPTER IV

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion ........................................................ B. Suggestion ........................................................ 14 14

REFERENCES

..........................................................................

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