Department/Section: Module No: Issuance Date:

HV Transformer/I & QC

Issued By: Work Instruction No.: Superseding Date: WI-I&QC-02

MEASURMENT OF WINDING RESISTANCE

02 01 REV Date Prepared By Name Department Designation Signature Abdul Rehman I & QC Engineer Name Department Designation Signature Checked By Raza Aftab / Muhammad Shafiq I & QC Sr. Engineer / Test Field Engineer Nature of Change Approved & Controlled By Name Department Designation Signature Jahanzeb Ahmad I & QC Manager

Note: Copying of this document is strictly forbidden. Proprietary data. Company confidential. All rights reserved.

MEASURMENT OF WINDING RESISTANCE

WORK INSTRUCTION WI-I&QC-02 Revision: 00 Page 2 of 4

1.0

PURPOSE The purpose of this document is to provide the guidelines to the Testing Engineer to check whether the winding joints are in order and the windings are correctly connected. Moreover resistance is needed in connection with the load loss measurement, when the load losses are corrected to correspond to the reference temperature.

2.0

SCOPE This instruction applies to the in-house & final testing of the HV Transformer.

3.0

RECORDS Following items are recorded in the test reports: 1. Connection terminals between which the resistance is measured. 2. Tapping position. 3. Winding temperature at the time of measurement (if ambient equals to winding & oil temperature then winding or oil temperature can be taken).

4.0

ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTS The standard applicable for this test is IEC 60076-1.

5.0

DEFINITIONS Resistance Always defined as the D.C. resistance (active or actual resistance in ohms).

6.0

RESPONSIBILITY Test will be performed under the supervision of Testing Engineer/Sub Engineer of I & QC section of HV Transformer department.

7.0

EQUIPMENTS/INSTRUMENTS Following equipments/instruments are required to perform this test: - Multi-amp Transformer Ohmeter Megger-USA make or equivalent, 240 V, 50/60 Hz and 350 VA.

MEASURMENT OF WINDING RESISTANCE

WORK INSTRUCTION WI-I&QC-02 Revision: 00 Page 3 of 4

8.0

MEASURING CIRCUIT

9.0

SAFETY REQUIREMENTS 1. The connecting leads should be tightly clamped. 2. Transformer Ohmmeter should not be disconnected while the red warning light is on and current is flowing in the winding. 3. Proper ventilation should be provided to the heat sink, especially at high current setting and long duration. 4. Proper current selection and measuring range should be selected. 5. Accidents of any kind should be reported immediately.

MEASURMENT OF WINDING RESISTANCE

WORK INSTRUCTION WI-I&QC-02 Revision: 00 Page 4 of 4

10.0

INSTRUCTIONS Resistance measurement by Volt-Ampere Method The test leads are connected to the terminals of the winding whose resistance is to be measured. A suitable value of current is allowed to flow in the winding by varying the series resistor. Simultaneous values of the voltage and current are taken. Their ratio gives the required resistance of the winding. The temperature of the winding (assumed to be the same as the average oil temperature) is recorded. Resistance measurement by Transformer Ohmmeter. The leads of the instrument are connected to the winding whose resistance is required. The meter is charged, keeping it on the appropriate current range. After the current settles down, during which the display is blank, the resistance is displayed on the screen directly, along with the proper unit i.e. or m.

11.0

CACLULATIONS Winding Resistance temperature dependence: The winding resistance varies strongly with the temperature, therefore ohmic/d.c. resistance at reference temperature is computed as follows: R2 = R1 x (C+2)/(C+1) Where: R1 = Resistance at temperature 1 R2 = Resistance at temperature 2 2 = Reference Temperature (usually 75C) 1 = Measured Temperature C = Material constant (for copper 235 & for aluminum 225)

12.0

TOLERANCES No tolerance specified in IEC 60076-1. However, Internal tolerance limit is + 10% against the calculated values.