Informational Nonfiction

Teachers Annotated Edition

Macmillan/McGraw-Hill

STRATEGIES & SKILLS AT A GLANCE

Read to Find Out

Why do penguins go to the sea from the land?

Comprehension Strategy: Monitor Comprehension: Reread Skill: Make Inferences Vocabulary any, every, float, open, saw, soon, sparkle Phonics long //o_e NATIONAL CONTENT STANDARDS Science Life Science

Word count: 216**

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Published by Macmillan/McGraw-Hill, of McGraw-Hill Education, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., Two Penn Plaza, New York, New York 10121. Copyright by Macmillan/McGraw-Hill. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, network storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 021 10 09 08 07 06 05 **The total word count is based on words in the running text and headings only. Numerals and words in captions, labels, diagrams, charts, and sidebars are not included.

So Many Penguins
by Louise Tidd
Focus Questions: How does a penguin change as it gets older? How does a penguins body help it survive? (SC.F.1.1.3.1.1 Processes of Life Ways organisms change as they grow and mature. SC.F.1.1.4.1.1 Processes of Life Adaptations help animals survive in their environment.)

Penguins live in large groups.

Penguins are birds that cannot fly. But every penguin can stand and walk on its little feet.

Vocabulary Routine: Penguins have webbed feet. Use the routine to discuss the meaning of this word. Define: Webbed feet have skin in between the toes. This skin joins the toes together. Example: Penguins use their webbed feet to help them swim. Ask: What other animals have webbed feet? (ducks, frogs, seagulls) Ask: Would you like to have webbed feet? Why or why not?

Penguins are very good swimmers. They have wings that help them swim. They have webbed feet that help them swim, too.

This kind of penguin is a very good hopper.

This is the biggest kind of penguin.

Look at some penguins. Are any penguins good hoppers?

This kind of penguin has black feathers and a white front.

This kind of penguin has a bright red bill.

Do any penguins have red bills?

Discuss: Some penguins live in the water. Some live where it is very cold. Penguins bodies are covered with thick, waterproof feathers. How do you think these feathers help penguins? (The feathers can help keep penguins warm and dry.)

These penguins are good divers.

Penguins can dive. They dive under the water to get food.
Discuss: How do penguins that live in icy places find food? (These penguins dive under the water to find fish to eat.) Why is it important to find food? (All living things need food.)

Penguins eat fish. They eat krill. Krill are small shrimp. They are found floating on the water.

This egg is in a nest made of stones.

Every year, penguins make nests on the land. Some penguins use stones to make a nest.

This nest is almost ready for an egg.

Some penguins make a hole. They fill it with grass to make a nest.
Content Vocabulary: Some penguins who live in the water come to the land to make a nest. A nest is a place where animals can lay eggs. They do this to keep their eggs safe. What are some things penguins use to make their nests? (stones, grass)

This penguin warms the egg.

This penguin has an egg. The penguin will keep the egg warm. When will the egg open?
Discuss: Not all penguins build nests for their eggs. Some penguins hold their egg on the tops of their feet. Why might some penguins do this? (It keeps the egg warm; it keeps the egg safe from enemies.)

10

This baby chick has gray feathers.

Soon it will! Penguin baby chicks do not look like their moms and dads. But, soon they will.
Discuss: Baby penguins look different than their parents. Some babies are born with gray, furlike feathers. These feathers do not keep the baby very warm. As they get older, babies will lose these feathers and grow thick, waterproof feathers, just like their parents have. Why do babies feathers need to change? (Like their parents, they need the feathers to stay warm and dry.)

11

12

Penguin chicks call to their moms and dads. Then penguin moms and dads bring food to the chicks.
Discuss: Penguin chicks need their parents to help them when they are young. What are some things parents do to help their penguin chicks? (Parents build nests or hold eggs to keep them warm; parents bring chicks food until the chicks learn to get their own; parents help keep the chicks warm and dry until the chicks new feathers grow.)

13

Soon the penguins will go out to the open sea. Look how the sea sparkles. The penguins will stay at sea until it is time to make nests.
Discuss: What do penguins do when it is time to lay eggs? (They come out of the water and build nests for their eggs.)

14

In this book, you saw many penguins. You saw where they live. Here are some more penguins. Where do you think these penguins live?

15

Comprehension Check
Retell
Use the Make Inferences Chart to make an inference about the book.

Think and Compare

1. Look back at pages 12 and 13. What do you think the baby chick is saying to its mom? 2. Do you like penguins? Why or why not? 3. All animals need to eat. What else do penguins do that all animals do?
Sample answers are given: 1. The baby might be saying: Hey, Mom! Im hungry! 2. I like penguins because it is fun to watch them walk. 3. Penguins have babies; the babies grow to be like their parents.

16

teracy Activities Li
This Penguin
Look back at pages 4 and 5. Fill in the sentence frame. Draw a picture to go with your answer. I like the penguin because .

Alike and Different

Think of a bird you have seen. Here are some ideas: pigeon, parakeet, sparrow, robin, eagle, or canary. Tell how a penguin is like the bird you have seen. Tell how the two birds are different. A and penguin are alike because . A and penguin are different because .

Birds

Science

GR G Benchmark 12 Lexile 480

1.4 Week 1

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