Aeromonas Hydrophila, gram negative

One of the diseases it can cause in humans is gastroenteritis. This disease can affect anyone, but it occurs most in young children and people who have compromised immune systems or growth problems. This bacterium is linked to two types of gastroenteritis. The first type is a disease similar to cholera, which causes rice-water diarrhea. The other type of disease is dysenteric gastroenteritis, which causes loose stools filled with blood and mucus. Dysenteric gastroenteritis is the most severe out of the two types, and can last for multiple weeks. Aeromonas hydrophila is also associated with cellulitis, an infection that causes inflammation in the skin tissue. It also causes diseases such as myonecrosis and eczema in people with compromised or suppressed (by medication) immune systems.[3] In very rare cases, Aeromonas hydrophila can cause necrotizing fasciitis.
MecA gene

The mecA gene allows a bacterium to be resistant to antibiotics such as methicillin, penicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline and other penicillin-like antibiotics. [1] The most commonly known carrier of the mecA gene is the bacterium known as MRSA. It is also found in Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae strains resistant to penicillin-like antibiotics. In Staphylococcus species, mecA is spread on the SCCmec genetic element. [2] The mecA gene does not allow the ringlike structure of penicillin-like antibiotics to attack the enzymes that help form the cell wall of the bacterium (transpeptidases), and hence the bacteria is allowed to replicate as normal. The gene encodes the protein PBP2A (Penicillin binding protein 2A). PBP2A has a low affinity for beta-lactam antibiotics such as methicillin and penicillin. This enables transpeptidase activity in the presence of beta-lactams, preventing them from inhibiting cell wall synthesis.

Scabies Rx. e.g. what happens after unilateral pulmonary artery embolism and i had to choose between acute right ventricular dilation and ventricular arrhythmia. Maybe i'm dumb but i didn't find any conclusive answer anywhere. apparently they both happen and the incidence of both is related to the degree of blockage of the pulmonary circulation in general, but nothing i read wanted to try to get more definitive than that. I went with arrhythmia on the test just because my gut told me unilateral blockage wasn't enough increased resistance to acutely dilate. I thought that if you have a huge embolus, like a saddle embolus, you will get an arrhythmia and die almost immediately. I imagine dilation as being in a smaller artery and something that develops over time. Sound right? 05-30-2010, 10:40 AM Well, I am going to go against the trend here and I thought acute ventricular dilation: Because when I think PE I think acute cor pulomonale (at least that is my gut reaction) And I know that often you get EKG changes with Pulmonary embolism (S1Q3T3) but these are just changes and not arrythmias The article on cor pulmonale indicates its ventricular dilation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cor_pulmonale I had a question on the lac operon. Gibbs free energy. pKas for an amino acid. 05-31-2010, 12:25 AM Was it histidine? I got that question a few days ago. Ridiculous. 05-30-2010, 11:48 AM

It has 3, and if I recall correctly, the choices weren't even drastically different (to reinforce the concepts vs the details). It was something like: 1) 2.5, 6, 8.5 2) 3, 6, 9

3) 2.9, 6.4, 10 05-31-2010, 11:53 AM 06-02-2010, 10:47 PM I don't know the exact question, but here is a basic explanation of delta-G. So say the reaction was A-->B. --Delta-G is negative if the reaction is energetically favorable, i.e. spontaneous, in the "forward direction", i.e., A-->B. --Delta-G is positive if the reaction is energetically unfavorable, i.e., nonspontaneous, in the forward direction. --Delta-G is zero if the reaction is energetically equal moving in either direction. 06-03-2010, 06:54 AM There is a Uw q - # 1584- quote: PE raises pulmonary resistance and increases RV afterload which may cause RV failure , it also creates a suddden drop in perfusion leading to V/Q mismatch So I think the answer is Acute right ventricular dilation:love: PentaDoc 06-04-2010, 11:14 AM Acute right heart failure is a principal cause of circulatory collapse and death in patients with massive pulmonary embolism (PE). The purpose of this study was to investigate if helical computed tomography (CT) could contribute to the assessment of the right ventricle (RV) in those with massive PE. Over an 8-month period 79 helical CT pulmonary angiograms were performed to investigate suspected PE. Emboli were demonstrated in 28 (35%) patients and seven (9%) were considered to have had a major thromboembolic event. The CT scans of all patients were evaluated using parameters derived in the axial plane (maximum minor axis RV and LV dimensions, RV:LV minor axis ratio and RV wall thickness). Acute right ventricular dilatation with an RV:LV ratio> 1.5:1 (range 1.6:1-2.3:1, mean 2:1) was found in all seven patients who had sustained major PE. In the remaining group of 21 with lesser degrees of embolism no patient had an RV:LV ratio > 1.1:1 (range 0.8-1.1, mean 1.0). To our knowledge, this CT sign has not been described before. CONCLUSION: Helical CT can identify acute RV dilatation in addition to making the primary diagnosis in patients with massive PE. This observation may help identify those at greatest risk of a second fatal event and facilitate therapeutic strategy. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9766724 premethrin or something like that... which is also used to crabs and lice.

Permethrin is the first line. Ivermectin can also be used (the drug also used for Onchocera Volvulus and Strongyloides Stercoralis). For pregnant women and children = use Sulphur in Petroleum. there was a question on mechanism of Acamprosate. So be sure to read up all those drugs used up in Alcohol programmes :) The exam writers may be attempting to bring our attention to the fact that Histidine is an important buffering amino acid (more so than even the others, as it is one of the positively charged AAs,essential and key for major enzyme catalysis). This is really the only reason to integrate a basic memory recall question that. Had a question from kaplan which involved knowing that there is an alternative translocation for Burkitt's lymphoma which was t(2;8) instead of the standard that everyone has learned and thinks of: t(8;14). REALLY??? Then another about knowing that the follicular hodgkins involved merging an Ig heavy chain gene with a bcl2 gene. Is this relevant in any way? I can see which concept they are referring to...a heavy chain gene is expressed in greater amount and with it bcl-2, so you are overproducing a protein (bcl-2) which prevents the intrinsic pathway for apoptosis which means p53 cant induce apoptosis in response to DNA damage which is probably as bad as a cell with no p53...? picky but I would have guessed this but t(2;8)??? at least I know now :) 25-year-old female presents with pruritic, urticarial, erythmatous rashes on upper back, arms (sparing the antecubital fossa), and legs...with polyarthalgia...no fever... lab work-up reveals mild neutrophilia; no eosinophilia or other abnormal CBC values; ESR is NOT elevated. physician prescribes cetirizine and hydroxyzine; symptoms resolve for 1-2 days, then re-appear. Physician then prescribes corticosteroids for 3 weeks. patient reports that rashes resolve, but she occasionally still reports pruritus. Top differential? Mastocytosis?

03-30-2011, 05:28 AM

Got a kaplan Q requiring knowing that a drug called "Febuxostat" is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor. came across this drug in katzung pharm under "treatment for gout" 03-302011, 06:23 AM Just watch TV to remember febuxostat is Uloric, the commercial with the guy carrying around the green flask which I guess is supposed to be uric acid. 03-30-2011, 06:39 PM had a practice question where you had to know that you can get nephrogenic diabetes insipidus due to a hereditary defect in the aquaporin 2 channel in a previously healthy teenager. The exam writers may be attempting to bring our attention to the fact that Histidine is an important buffering amino acid (more so than even the others, as it is one of the positively charged AAs,essential and key for major enzyme catalysis). This is really the only reason to integrate a basic memory recall question that. Yup. I think it is important to remember that Histidine is the ONLY amino acid with a pKa at a physiologic pH. Forget all the other crap. Then another about knowing that the follicular hodgkins involved merging an Ig heavy chain gene with a bcl2 gene. Is this relevant in any way? yes the t(2:8) is rearranging the kappa light chain with c-myc the t(8:22) is rearragning the lambda light chain with c-myc 06-10-2011, 06:16 AM I saw a UWORLD question about what types of radiation sunblock protects against :P Zinc oxide blocks UVAI, II and UVB PABA esters block UVAB Avobenzone blocks UVA I and II jfgavina acid/base titulation, did someone get one about this?

06-10-2011, 07:08 AM